[HN Gopher] Grad student unions strike deal with University of C...
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       Grad student unions strike deal with University of California
        
       Author : Amorymeltzer
       Score  : 104 points
       Date   : 2022-12-22 15:31 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.science.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.science.org)
        
       | Overtonwindow wrote:
       | The entire financial structure of higher education seems like a
       | pyramid scheme.
        
         | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
         | Part of it comes from a job market and hiring practices built
         | around credentialism. When higher education becomes an
         | "essential" stepping stone in ensuring a career, it gets
         | inundated with an almost predatory mindset that cannot conceive
         | of anything but its own necessity and will tirelessly protect
         | that perceived necessity at all costs. Higher education was
         | intended for the creation, protecting, and nurturing, of
         | knowledge and liberal (in the classical sense) humanistic
         | ideals. Nowadays, it's a career engine and often, to put it
         | simply, pay-to-win.
        
       | tbruckner wrote:
       | Not familiar with academia, but where does this extra $ come
       | from? Won't this just mean departments will recruit
       | proportionally less PhDs?
        
         | mjhay wrote:
         | Ideally it would come from cutting the bloated administration
         | that leeches off of research funding that professors and grad
         | students attract, while impeding their work, but that's not
         | going to be what happens.
        
           | whakim wrote:
           | I would caution against such sweeping generalizations about
           | where the money goes. Statistics usually show tremendous
           | increases in spending on "staff" (i.e. non-faculty) salaries,
           | but those staff do a variety of things. For example, I
           | previously worked as a staff researcher at a big private
           | university; my job involved building open source software and
           | writing papers. The research center I worked at had a couple
           | faculty members and PhD students but probably 20 folks with
           | jobs like mine. The fact is, a lot of the research _is_ being
           | done by that so-called  "bloated administration."
        
             | malshe wrote:
             | Administration doesn't consist of the people at that lower
             | level. The admins are the VPs, associate deans, vice
             | provosts, assistant this and associate that. They draw in
             | low to medium six digit salaries and recruit a bunch of
             | people to assist them.
             | 
             | > The fact is, a lot of the research is being done by that
             | so-called "bloated administration."
             | 
             | That's such bs! Admin have no time to read a single paper,
             | forget about doing original research. Admins do exactly
             | zero research.
        
               | whakim wrote:
               | > Administration doesn't consist of the people at that
               | lower level.
               | 
               | This isn't the way "administration" is calculated.
               | Statistics showing "administrative bloat" point to growth
               | in spending on "staff"/"non-teaching employees"/etc. The
               | job I describe above would have fit this definition of
               | bloat.
        
               | malshe wrote:
               | The non teaching staff doesn't come out of thin air. They
               | are employed for the people in the administrative
               | positions.
        
               | whakim wrote:
               | My experience (described above) provides a direct
               | counterexample to this.
        
             | 131012 wrote:
             | For example, if you want to use modern tools (aka code) in
             | a department where nobody is hired for their coding skill,
             | you need some staff. And you need to pay them well,
             | because... you know. Startups, SF, FAANGs.
        
               | mjhay wrote:
               | In scientific disciplines, professors and grad students
               | just write their own code. At least that was the case in
               | my department, other similar departments at my
               | university, and people in my field from other
               | universities. It's very bad code of course, but I've
               | never heard of anyone getting hired specifically to
               | program, besides a few CS undergrad interns being brought
               | in. No one had anywhere near the kind of budget to hire
               | professional programmers.
        
               | stevenbedrick wrote:
               | This is thankfully beginning to change, though far more
               | slowly than many of us would like to see. There is much
               | more talk about "research software engineering" happening
               | in a lot of fields, and some funding agencies are
               | beginning to take notice. Anecdotally, I know of a couple
               | of PIs who have been successful in arguing for higher
               | budget caps on R01 submissions in order to cover the
               | costs of having appropriate computational staff on their
               | grants, which is something that I never would have
               | believed if somebody had told me about it ten years go.
               | And some fields (like computational biology) have been
               | ahead of the game in this regard.
               | 
               | It remains a huge challenge from a budgeting standpoint,
               | though, I don't want to downplay that too much. And there
               | are also other challenges- until very recently, my
               | university didn't have job categories for software-
               | related research staff roles, and so we had enormous
               | difficulties figuring out how to hire and appropriately
               | pay such people. The "how do we hire them" part has been
               | fixed, which is a big help- but we still have to figure
               | out how to pay for them ourselves.
        
               | 131012 wrote:
               | And when it becomes a huge challenge from a budgeting
               | standpoint, you need appropriate administrative staff to
               | figure this out.
        
             | mjhay wrote:
             | There are staff researchers, but at least at my university
             | such people were mostly soft money and were responsible for
             | bringing in their own funding, which the university then
             | proceeded to take 56% off the top for overhead.
             | 
             | At any rate, their numbers were insignificant compared to
             | the administration, which occupied numerous buildings,
             | including an entire skyskcraper. They didn't help us, and
             | in fact made our jobs more difficult.
        
               | whakim wrote:
               | I'd love to see the data on "insignificant compared to
               | the administration," because it doesn't fit my actual
               | experience in any way. (I'm not saying you're definitely
               | wrong, but I hope you might slightly re-evaluate your
               | priors here.) And no, many staff researchers don't bring
               | in their own funding; like PhD students they're funded by
               | a combination of the university and grants (which they
               | often help write).
        
               | mjhay wrote:
               | That's what I meant by "soft money." By administration, I
               | am talking about more stereotypical bureaucracy, such as
               | the ever-expanding number of various kinds of deans. I
               | worked with soft-money people, who were called "research
               | professors" in my department. They worked hard and
               | brought in much more money for the university than they
               | cost.
        
               | whakim wrote:
               | Thanks very much for clarifying. My original point was
               | that these staff and their salaries are often lumped in
               | with "stereotypical bureaucracy" when discussing
               | administrative bloat, and I think they're a greater
               | percentage than many people realize :)
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | In UC, grant overhead was 50% the last time I took.
               | That's money the administration takes out before the
               | professor gets it. Staff researchers, equipment,
               | students, etc come out of the other half. Assuming the
               | professor is using 20% of their grant money on staff
               | researchers (this is likely a high estimate), $5 is going
               | to administration for every $1 spent on staff
               | researchers.
               | 
               | Edit, also some admins are paid out of the professors'
               | budgets, after overhead is taken out.
        
         | sam0x17 wrote:
         | They operate on a huge surplus from what I've heard
        
         | COGlory wrote:
         | It depends.
         | 
         | At my university, graduate students are state employees, but
         | not standard state employees the way
         | facilities/staff/administrators are. Those groups have a union,
         | benefits, and pension plan, everything is very rigid.
         | 
         | Graduate students are paid a "stipend", required to work 19
         | hours or less/week, and can't have any other form of state
         | employment that might put them at 20+ hours/week. Total pay
         | comes out to about $18,000/yr before student fees. This is
         | because at that point, the type of employment is considered
         | changed, and benefits have to be provided. The default
         | appointment is for teaching, and doesn't include summer pay (no
         | teaching in the summer).
         | 
         | However, if your group has external funding, you can use that
         | external funding to pay the students, but you can only pay them
         | the default appointment (plus summer). So the wage doesn't
         | change, the students are still paid by the university and are
         | state employees, but the university gets the funds from grant
         | funding, not wherever it comes from for TAing (probably
         | undergrad revenue + state taxes).
         | 
         | The best solution here is state legislature passing legislation
         | to increase what graduate students are paid, take the money out
         | of the tax budget (seriously, 100% of graduate students at my
         | university are below the federal poverty level, which just
         | enables this stupid degrading benefit double-dipping to
         | subsidize salaries), and provide benefits and treatment as
         | standard state employees.
         | 
         | However, universities have been sucking up cheap/slave graduate
         | student labor for years and are completely addicted to it. They
         | have ignored this demographic completely and most state
         | universities cannot function without graduate students.
         | Graduate students do research. Research attracts big
         | researchers who bring in multi-million dollar grants for the
         | NIH and NSF. The schools take 45%-65% off the top of each grant
         | in the form of indirect cost recapture. That heavily subsidizes
         | the schools. Also, high quality researchers brings in more,
         | better undergraduates. All of this while grad students are paid
         | $16k-$30k/yr, mostly without benefits, for extremely highly
         | skilled technical work. When fewer and fewer Americans were
         | going to graduate school in the 80s and 90s, rather than try to
         | make graduate school more enticing, the US simply pivoted to
         | the H1B system. The hilarious thing is many schools claim
         | graduate student tuition is part of their compensation, and
         | that's worth tens of thousands of dollars, but in reality,
         | graduate student tuition is just being in a research lab doing
         | work that benefits the university anyways. Most graduate
         | students in science take 4-6 classes over ~5 years of graduate
         | school - not worth anything close to what universities claim it
         | is. And most grad students still have to pay student fees,
         | while having reduced access to undergrad facilities (no dining
         | hall, no dorms, no gym access at lots of universities, reduced
         | health clinic access, etc).
        
         | option wrote:
         | of course. Typically in STEM PhDs are paid from the research
         | grants of their advisors.
        
         | Retric wrote:
         | Somewhat, but departments will likely end up spending a higher
         | percentage of their budget on grad students.
         | 
         | Also, student unions have different priorities because this
         | isn't a lifelong career so reducing the number of jobs isn't a
         | big deal.
        
         | mbreese wrote:
         | There isn't one answer to this question. It depends heavily on
         | the department. For example, biomedical graduate students are
         | often covered by external (federal) grant funding. This
         | increase can be factored into the budgets for those, but only
         | in the future. AFAICT, it is still up in the air how it will be
         | funded in the shorter term.
         | 
         | Humanities students are another story though. External grants
         | for those are more rare, IIRC.
         | 
         | I'm not sure if the universities can survive in its current
         | model with fewer graduate students. They are very integral to
         | the teaching/grading/etc for undergraduate classes. So, it will
         | be tough to make the system work with fewer of them. At least,
         | that's what the striking students are counting on.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | lapcat wrote:
         | > Won't this just mean departments will recruit proportionally
         | less PhDs?
         | 
         | Maybe they should. The PhD dropout rate is almost 50%.
         | Universities exploit PhD students for cheap labor and then
         | throw them away.
        
           | DrThunder wrote:
           | [dead]
        
           | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
           | Already happening in the humanities. Many major programs in
           | my field when I was applying (as an international student, so
           | there already were some "quotas" in place on how many
           | international students a program would take) were signaling
           | that they were reducing the recruitment number simply because
           | they could no longer insure TT placement afterwards. It's too
           | little too late tbh, but at least they are starting to do it.
           | I know they are starting to do it in non-humanities programs
           | as well.
           | 
           | I'll add as well: the standards expected for present day PhD
           | students is insane compared to PhD students a generation ago.
           | When I speak to some of the tenured professors I know, they
           | readily admit that they would not meet the standards for TT
           | positions today. Add to that the insane number of applicants,
           | and the tendency for hiring committees to default to
           | applicants from top-tier programs for hiring (regardless of
           | the quality of their research), and you end up with an
           | increasingly bubbled and desperate profession that is
           | extremely unwilling to break from party line and disrupt
           | whatever sliver of a living they ended up in.
        
             | Jugglerofworlds wrote:
             | I'm a PhD student at a top CS research University, and I'm
             | leaving with a master's degree. I agree that the bar for
             | admission into the program is way too high. I only got into
             | two Universities despite having multiple publications as
             | well as experience working in government research labs.
             | 
             | The majority of my fellow students are international,
             | mostly from China. I know hardly any other Americans in my
             | program. At this point I see the system as more or less a
             | way for international students to gain citizenship. I'm all
             | for immigration, but I think it has gotten to the point
             | where American students don't even want to go to graduate
             | school at their own Universities, and the system imports
             | foreign students who they know they can abuse for cheap
             | labor. If grad student salaries were higher I'm sure we
             | would see more Americans joining.
             | 
             | I decided to leave due to abuse by my initial advisor. So
             | many of my fellow students have experienced abuse or
             | neglect by their advisors. By neglect I mean that advisors
             | won't even talk to them because the advisor has tenure and
             | doesn't care. Many CS doctorate holders I've talked to have
             | expressed that their degree was not worth it.
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | There was a proposal to unionize even when I was a grad student.
       | It didn't go anywhere.
       | 
       | What _should_ happen, but won 't, is: the Board of Regents says
       | to UC, "Pay them what they want. Cut your administrative costs to
       | pay for it. You may not raise tuition."
        
       | mattcantstop wrote:
       | I am the first in my family to graduate from college. I grew up
       | incredibly poor. It was presented as THE way out of poverty
       | growing up. I work in a field completely unrelated to my degree.
       | My university degree didn't help my earning potential. I ended up
       | making plenty of money in tech, so my degree debt didn't matter
       | much.
       | 
       | I have a lot of kids. Only one of them has any plans on going to
       | college. I try to dissuade my kids from going to college. There
       | are a few degrees where going to school is the best path. But for
       | most areas of higher education there are superior ways to learn
       | the material, if the education is the goal. I majored in English
       | Literature. Completely worthless degree. I should have just
       | joined a few book clubs or hired a writing coach. Something like
       | https://writeofpassage.school/. That would have been far less
       | expensive and probably better.
       | 
       | Higher education in the United States needs an overhaul. $34,000
       | in California is ridiculous. I hope they get their money on the
       | path to us changing the foundation of higher education.
        
         | polygamous_bat wrote:
         | I believe there is a strong generational divide here. A lot of
         | people from the previous generation seem to assume "My degree
         | did not help me make it big/I made it big without a degree, so
         | a degree is worthless" without realizing that the labor market
         | has shifted (for various reasons, pick your favorite culprit)
         | so much so that if you are looking for your first job, a lot of
         | entry level positions will not even consider your application
         | if you do not have a high level degree.
         | 
         | I am glad you could make it big in tech without a degree in
         | tech, but maybe it is necessary to rethink whether the same
         | policy would work for your children.
        
           | ndriscoll wrote:
           | Alternatively, work more actively to ensure that policy will
           | work for them. e.g. develop enough of a network at a larger
           | company that you know someone who can make exceptions to get
           | them hired, work at a smaller company that has more flexible
           | policies, or start your own company and have them work for
           | you (which is really just the limiting case of approach 2).
        
         | peanuty1 wrote:
         | Most tech companies' (like Microsoft, Meta, Amazon, etc) entry-
         | level positions are new grad roles that require a degree.
        
       | bnprks wrote:
       | To add some relevant facts from my experience as a current
       | Stanford PhD student: If I work over the summer my yearly take-
       | home pay is about $50k pre-tax [1]. This is theoretically for 20
       | hours/week of research work "for my advisor", and the rest of my
       | time is theoretically research work "for my degree completion".
       | (In practice this is the same research)
       | 
       | The money flow shenanigans as best as I can tell are:
       | 
       | 1. My advisor gets grant money from the government
       | 
       | 2. Stanford takes about 40% as "overhead"
       | 
       | 3. Stanford charges my advisor my tuition costs, paying for my
       | "class" which is just doing research with my advisor. This is
       | about $35k/year for years 1-4, dropping to $14k/year for years 5+
       | with a "TGR" registration [2]
       | 
       | 4. I get $50k/year as the remaining money
       | 
       | Note that my advisor also has to spend some portion of his post-
       | overhead grant money on paying Stanford for research space and
       | paying for part of his own salary. Numbers are of course opaque
       | to me, but it leaves me confused what "overhead" pays for if it's
       | not fully covering building space and faculty salaries.
       | 
       | From my perspective, had I skipped grad school and gone straight
       | to work at a big tech company, I would have 5 extra years in my
       | career earning a take-home salary of ~$250k total comp. This
       | makes the opportunity-cost of my 6 years of graduate school about
       | $1.5 million compared to going straight to industry out of
       | undergrad.
       | 
       | Of course, grad school offers lifestyle and work-focus
       | flexibility that can be far greater than available in industry. I
       | feel for myself the monetary tradeoff has been okay, but only
       | because I had no debt from college and have the option to enter a
       | highly-paid career track (software development) immediately after
       | graduation. For students with debt coming in to grad school or
       | less lucrative career prospects, even Stanford's $50k/year would
       | be tough swallow in a high-cost area like Palo Alto.
       | 
       | [1] https://gfs.stanford.edu/salary/salary22/salary_tables.pdf
       | 
       | [2] https://studentservices.stanford.edu/my-finances/tuition-
       | fee...
        
       | fooker wrote:
       | US universities have been running an interesting scam with grad
       | students for several decades.
       | 
       | This is how it works.
       | 
       | * Professor obtains a grant to fund some research.
       | 
       | * The university takes ~80k USD from the grant per year per PhD
       | student.
       | 
       | * The student gets ~30k USD per year.
       | 
       | * The rest is 'tuition', health insurance and other various fees
       | ('international student fee', 'mandatory fee', 'differential
       | fee', some university facilities fees, etc).
       | 
       | PhD students have bogus course requirements just to make this
       | scam justifiable. Contrast this to the system in most European
       | universities where the student gets a significantly larger
       | fraction of this money. (2x-3x in general, sometimes all of it!).
       | 
       | This is not really a solvable problem because a PhD is the most
       | reliable path to US emigration for Indian and Chinese students,
       | so there's always going to be a demand
        
         | cscurmudgeon wrote:
         | I think you just explained the cause. The demand for a US PhD
         | is higher than a European one internationally.
         | 
         | Supply and demand.
         | 
         | Edit: downvoted for stating a fact that shows US relatively
         | better lol
        
           | fooker wrote:
           | You are right, a US PhD degree is in more demand in general.
           | 
           | There is a reason our economic systems are not pure supply
           | and demand though, because in that case workers/environment
           | eventually end up being exploited.
           | 
           | The US would look very different without minimum wages,
           | environmental protections, and a bunch of other regulations
           | which limit supply and demand based exploitation.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | toomim wrote:
       | I still remember the days when students were students, and
       | workers were workers.
       | 
       | First, you were a student, and paid tuition to learn.
       | 
       | Then, you graduated into the workforce, and paid off your
       | tuition.
       | 
       | Now students call themselves "student workers" or "academic
       | workers", and treat the PhD like it's a job that's supposed to
       | pay them enough to raise a family.
       | 
       | It's a sign of a failing bureaucracy when the terms start to
       | contradict themselves.
        
         | illini1 wrote:
         | I believe that's too narrow of a viewpoint and disregards the
         | nuances of the relationship between graduate students and their
         | universities. In recent times universities have increasingly
         | relied on grad students for teaching and research functions. If
         | you asked a graduate student to describe their experience they
         | will most likely compare it to a job because it has the same
         | responsibilities as one.
        
         | petsfed wrote:
         | Speaking as a (former) partner of a University of Oregon grad
         | student, what it actually came down to was that folks weren't
         | paid enough to even live in the community they worked and
         | taught in. I was making more at my shitty retail job for
         | $8.50/hr, 25 hours a week, than my partner was making working
         | 60+ hours a week, in a job that _required_ a college degree. I
         | was not contractually barred from taking other work, unlike my
         | partner. And most terms, my partner was expected to teach or TA
         | classes for the university as well as working on their
         | dissertation. This is common for most grad students, and has
         | been for decades.
         | 
         | Based on average cost of living in that community, a $54k
         | Stanford grad student stipend is fair, perhaps low: you
         | shouldn't have to take on an additional $40k a year in debt
         | just to afford the privilege of accepting a "full ride"
         | graduate fellowship.
        
         | esalman wrote:
         | Okay, boomer.
        
         | ryanwaggoner wrote:
         | Things change. For example, now those students have enough
         | awareness of how they were getting screwed, and ability to
         | organize, that they did something about it.
         | 
         | And whether you think it's fair or not, apparently the UC
         | system needed them enough to strike this deal.
        
       | passwordoops wrote:
       | When I moved from Canada to the US for my post doc, it blew my
       | mind to hear the level of debt my American colleagues were mired
       | in - from $70-$110K, early 2010s.
       | 
       | I'm pulling for the students here, and these are basic benefits,
       | but you've gotta reign in student debt in the first place
        
         | DrThunder wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | kyrra wrote:
         | The issue is back in 2009, the US government started backing
         | student loans, so they were guaranteed loans. There was also no
         | loan limit on these. This is allowed universities to charge
         | more and more money, in the fed was happy to back these loans.
         | 
         | This is led to bloat within universities. See:
         | https://stanfordreview.org/stanfords-administrative-bloat-is...
        
           | kneebonian wrote:
           | This is the correct answser if the a ton of money suddenly
           | becomes available for something the price of that thing will
           | increase because the amount of the thing hasn't changed. You
           | see this most especially in colleges because we've
           | established a price floor by promising every student 5k and
           | then promising them more loans on top of that.
           | 
           | Then we make the loans non-dischargable and there is no real
           | reason for a university to every place any limit on what they
           | charge for tuition since the customer who is buying the
           | product is not the customer paying for the product.
        
           | listenallyall wrote:
           | Your timeline is incorrect. Student loans were federally
           | guaranteed for decades up until 2010.
        
         | s3000 wrote:
         | >graduate students would receive a minimum stipend of $34,000
         | by October 2024--a raise of $13,000
         | 
         | How do those numbers add up? If a degree costs $100K and a
         | graduate student costs $25K per year, then one person can pay a
         | personally tutoring graduate student for four years to acquire
         | all knowledge. If 10 students pool their money, education costs
         | only $10K.
         | 
         | There needs to be some space to meet and there needs to be a
         | budget for professors but another $10K should cover that
         | easily.
         | 
         | What's the obstacle that prevents students and graduate
         | students and even professors from going back to the beginnings?
         | They can organize their own university where the administration
         | works for them.
         | 
         | There is no need to strike if the university has to match the
         | offer of a competent competitor.
         | 
         | >Universities were generally structured along three types,
         | depending on who paid the teachers. The first type was in
         | Bologna, where students hired and paid for the teachers. [1]
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_university#Characteri...
        
           | mcguire wrote:
           | 3 semester hours / class, 15 semester hours per semester, 8
           | semesters (4 years) works out to about 40 different
           | instructors over 4 years.
           | 
           | Don't get me wrong, I really liked Bruce Porter, but I don't
           | think he could replace Bob Mugerauer teaching Contemporary
           | Moral Problems.
        
             | s3000 wrote:
             | If you want to have 40 different instructors, you need 40
             | times more students. That doesn't change the fundamental
             | economics.
             | 
             | If you want famous professors, you either have to pay more,
             | or create an enticing environment. You still have the
             | option to pay for recordings of their lectures which should
             | be more affordable.
             | 
             | A well-funded university will be better in several
             | dimensions but quality of education and research is
             | entirely within the influence of whoever starts a new
             | university. Nothing else should matter.
        
           | solveit wrote:
           | See also SMBC making this point a few years ago:
           | https://www.smbc-comics.com/comic/college-level-mathematics
           | 
           | The problem is that being privately tutored by UC Berkeley
           | faculty is worth much less than a UC Berkeley degree[1], even
           | though you might learn a _lot_ more. And starting a new
           | university from scratch is apparently difficult, although I
           | share your confusion on exactly which part is so difficult,
           | and whether the difficulty could be circumvented by getting a
           | billion or so in private donations, or if it 's a case of "no
           | matter how much money you pump into Brown, it'll never become
           | Harvard. Only Harvard can become Harvard".
           | 
           | [1]: Unless you go and make yourself famous for it, which in
           | this case might be quite doable[2]. But the general point
           | that just learning the material without an official piece of
           | paper recognized by the system is often worth _significantly_
           | less than having the piece of paper.
           | 
           | [2]: And someone should do it and make headlines.
        
         | jancsika wrote:
         | I'm all for reigning in student debt, but how about solving
         | fast homomorphic encryption first?
         | 
         | Look I'm for affordable tuition, but is frankly going to be _a
         | lot_ [1] easier with the jobs that homomorphic is gonna bring
         | to cloud.
         | 
         | 1: "a lot" spoken suddenly guttural, like Trump does
        
           | Thorrez wrote:
           | I don't understand how this is related. We can put more
           | effort into finding fast homomorphic encryption regardless of
           | student debt.
        
         | Eumenes wrote:
         | Taking on student loan debt is a choice, we need better
         | financial literacy in this country. This is bigger than just
         | student loan debt - look at how Americans rack up credit cards,
         | car loans, becoming house poor with massive mortgages. Most of
         | my friends growing up came from low or low-middle class
         | incoming earning households. They ALL went to community
         | colleges, then transferred to state colleges, saving tons of
         | money in the process. The only people I know IRL who have
         | massive student loan debt were the upper middle class kids from
         | well off families. I think has to do more with how you're
         | raised/your mindset about budgeting/money. Yes, colleges need
         | to cut admin bloat too ... but good luck on that happening.
        
         | photochemsyn wrote:
         | Realistically, that means cutting administrative overhead. It's
         | fairly ridiculous that the top UC administrators are getting
         | higher salaries than the state's governor is. There's also a
         | lot of contracting deals for services that could use some
         | scrutiny in the UC system. This trend has been ongoing for
         | years (2015):
         | 
         | > "Weeks after an announced increase in state funding staved
         | off a tuition hike, the Board of Regents riled spending critics
         | this summer by handing 3% raises to some of UC's highest-paid
         | employees. The number of those making at least $500,000
         | annually grew by 14% in the last year, to 445, and the system's
         | administrative ranks have swelled by 60% over the last decade
         | -- far outpacing tenure-track faculty."
         | 
         | https://www.latimes.com/local/education/la-me-uc-spending-20...
        
           | theGnuMe wrote:
           | The top pay goes to medical doctors, the football/basketball
           | coaches and some admins. This money isn't coming necessarily
           | directly from tuition costs. I agree though it is too
           | expensive. Universities are always building new buildings.
        
             | HDThoreaun wrote:
             | New buildings are funded by donors who might not have
             | donated without the building.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | When I visited my alma mater, I told them I wanted to
               | endow a chair in the CS Department.
               | 
               | Not a professorship; an actual, physical chair.
               | 
               | They weren't amused. I think they'd heard that one
               | before.
        
               | passwordoops wrote:
               | Next time show up with the chair
        
               | domoritz wrote:
               | And universities need buildings.
        
               | DrThunder wrote:
               | [dead]
        
             | feet wrote:
             | Part of the problem is that in some states, state funding
             | can _only_ be used for buildings and nothing else. So
             | universities get funding and are forced to spend it on
             | nonsense
        
               | alistairSH wrote:
               | That's a statement I haven't heard - do you have a
               | source? Not doubting it, just want to read more.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-cb-illinois-
               | colleges-...
        
             | hardwaregeek wrote:
             | Football/basketball makes money for the school. If anything
             | it's a little absurd that the players make so much money
             | for the university with little to no compensation for
             | themselves.
        
               | ladberg wrote:
               | For some schools sure, but do you have any proof of that
               | for Berkeley? I'm an alum and as much as I'd like that to
               | be true I haven't seen anything better than handwavey
               | guesses.
               | 
               | Last year the top 6 highest paid employees at Berkeley
               | were all coaches or athletics administrators, of which
               | the highest (head football coach Justin Wilcox) was paid
               | $4 million. The football team isn't anything special,
               | consistently coming in middle of the pack and not drawing
               | in huge crowds.
               | 
               | The people rooting for Cal are doing it out of
               | college/hometown spirit and not because we think our team
               | is the best. If instead of $4M we spent $200k on a coach,
               | would that change the outcomes at all? That would save
               | $84/student per year in tuition, which is not a
               | negligible amount.
        
               | NobodyNada wrote:
               | > If instead of $4M we spent $200k on a coach [...] that
               | would save $84/student per year in tuition
               | 
               | I don't know how California state schools are run, but at
               | least in Oregon it doesn't work like this. The athletics
               | programs are funded from a completely different pot of
               | money than the academics, specifically so that football
               | spending doesn't affect tuition. At Oregon State
               | University (where I'm currently a grad student), the
               | football program is profitable and brings in enough
               | ticket sales to pay for itself and all the rest of the
               | athletics programs too.
        
               | theGnuMe wrote:
               | Right and they could use some of that money to lower
               | tuition but they don't.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | They use that money to fund all the scholarships and
               | expenses for the non-revenue sports.
        
               | arrosenberg wrote:
               | It's the PAC12 TV deal more than Cal's individual
               | performance, though obviously things will get weird with
               | UCLA and USC leaving. If teams start hiring "cheap"
               | coaches, the networks will object or demand lower fees.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | It makes money for a few schools, and loses it for the
               | vast majority of them.
               | 
               | The lottery also makes money for a few of its
               | participants.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | Athletics at most universities is an "auxilliary
               | enterprise" it is self-funded by ticket sales and
               | donations. This is especially true at the large D1
               | universities where the coaches are celebrities and highly
               | paid. Coaches at small schools don't make a remarkable
               | amount of money.
               | 
               | Also players can now be compensated for their "name,
               | image and likeness" and top players are earning millions.
        
         | changoplatanero wrote:
         | Rather than the students, I'm rooting for the tax payer in this
         | one. California should determine grad student pay at state
         | schools based on what level of funding is required to meet its
         | educational mission, attract good students, and balance against
         | other state priorities.
        
           | ummonk wrote:
           | More importantly, I'm with the undergrads. Their tuitions
           | shouldn't go up to pay for a bunch of whiny PhDs who could
           | have worked in industry instead.
        
             | lapcat wrote:
             | PhD students provide a lot of the teaching labor at
             | universities as lecturers and teaching assistants. What do
             | you think would happen if they were gone? This is precisely
             | why striking is effective, because the universities _need_
             | them.
        
               | changoplatanero wrote:
               | Universities have many needs besides TAs. the key to
               | figuring out what a fair price for satisfying those needs
               | is to have a market where supply can match demand. The
               | same process can be used to set a fair price for grad
               | student TA labor.
        
               | jonnycomputer wrote:
               | And they raised demand by constricting supply. Nice.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | " _The same process can be used to set a fair price for
               | grad student TA labor._ "
               | 
               | That is exactly what the union is negotiating.
        
               | ummonk wrote:
               | They won't go, and if they do senior undergrads and
               | masters students will do the teaching instead.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > masters students will do the teaching instead
               | 
               | It's a graduate student union. Both Masters and PhD
               | students are in the same union.
               | 
               | > senior undergrads
               | 
               | 1) They're not qualified.
               | 
               | 2) Why would they even want to? It's time consuming and
               | low paying. In fact, it would be even lower paying
               | without a union, so senior undergrads would need to form
               | one. Also keep in mind that PhD students are generally
               | intending to go into teaching in the future, whereas
               | undergrads generally aren't.
        
               | ummonk wrote:
               | Masters students often don't receive a stipend.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | If they're working in a teaching or research position,
               | they do get paid.
               | 
               | If they don't work for the university, these union
               | negotiations don't affect them.
        
               | cudgy wrote:
               | Universities would have to hire and pay actual professors
               | instead of milking their students?
        
               | jleyank wrote:
               | Actual professors, no. Adjuncts. They don't need ta's for
               | anything other than lab safety for the major-specific
               | courses. It's the first two years with the gobs and gobs
               | of students.
        
               | ablatt89 wrote:
               | It's not just lab work, I TA'd for physics and students
               | would come to TA discussion sessions to get a more
               | detailed lesson on the material covered that week since
               | often the professor is just repeating the contents of a
               | textbook. Also, many TAs would spend many additional
               | hours in tutoring and office hours, giving individualized
               | attention to students, and this workload adds up.
               | 
               | TAs also grade quizzes, final exams, create questions for
               | problems, etc... The professor often does very little
               | work and leaves it to the TA, at least in my experience
               | as a TA for physics courses. It's a lot more than just
               | maintaining a lab.
        
               | thatfrenchguy wrote:
               | Can't get adjuncts for the price you pay phd students in
               | California though.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | That's a different group in the strike.
               | (https://www.science.org/content/article/postdoc-union-
               | reache... discusses "postdocs and academic researchers",
               | which isn't faculty, but I believe included adjuncts.)
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | Yes, and actual professors are vastly more expensive than
               | grad students, so how is that going to help with
               | undergraduate costs?
        
               | cudgy wrote:
               | Are they really that much more expensive? Also, wouldn't
               | that provide more actual jobs for PHd's instead of
               | competing for a scant number of jobs? Furthermore, I do
               | not believe that the costs of undergraduate education are
               | driven by professor salaries; I suspect there are other
               | drivers like administrative overhead and overbuilt
               | facilities.
        
               | tosc wrote:
               | > I suspect there are other drivers like administrative
               | overhead and overbuilt facilities.
               | 
               | Right, and this is why they are trying to underpay
               | teaching staff.
               | 
               | There is no problem with "whiny" PhDs. The problem is
               | with overpaid self-dealing administrators betraying the
               | purpose of the institution.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > Are they really that much more expensive?
               | 
               | Yes. From the article: "If the deal is approved by union
               | members, graduate students would receive a minimum
               | stipend of $34,000 by October 2024--a raise of $13,000
               | for some students". So as I said, professors are vastly
               | more expensive.
               | 
               | > Also, wouldn't that provide more actual jobs for PHd's
               | instead of competing for a scant number of jobs?
               | 
               | Yes. But it wouldn't do anything to save money on
               | undergraduate education.
               | 
               | > Furthermore, I do not believe that the costs of
               | undergraduate education are driven by professor salaries;
               | I suspect there are other drivers like administrative
               | overhead and overbuilt facilities.
               | 
               | Then what's the objection to higher stipends for PhD
               | students?
        
               | cudgy wrote:
               | Why pay higher stipends if the students are no longer
               | performing professorial duties? It may be the case that
               | they are still warranted, but fewer duties means more
               | learning and opportunities to earn money part-time in
               | coops or private companies.
        
               | Vaslo wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | mjhay wrote:
               | That's a dumb thing to say, because it sounds like
               | striking worked in this situation. By this same all-caps
               | libertarian logic, any strikes would be ineffective
               | because the workers need "The FACTORY" or whatever.
               | 
               | The "university" is a huge collection of thousands of
               | people, numerous competing groups, etc. The grad students
               | can shut the whole thing down if they strike, because
               | they are integral towards research and undergrad
               | education happening.
               | 
               | There's nothing quite like the unfounded confidence that
               | ignorance brings.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | tosc wrote:
             | Who should do the teaching instead?
        
               | ummonk wrote:
               | Senior undergrads and masters degree students, as well as
               | PhDs who are willing to work for the current market rate.
        
             | time_to_smile wrote:
             | Tuition increases are by far going towards administrative
             | faculty rather than academic faculty. Most academic
             | faculty, especially those doing research, are getting their
             | own funding and not burdening the tax payer in the
             | slightest.
             | 
             | Research is also incredibly important, _especially_ at
             | state schools, so that undergraduate students have more
             | opportunity to participate in and learn from active
             | research.
             | 
             | In my experience having worked at both prestigious private
             | and low ranking state schools, state school doing research
             | are much more willing to have undergrads involved in
             | research. I've seen plenty of young students coming from
             | low income, rural homes go on to become more successful
             | than they ever imagined because they had access to research
             | facilities and teams.
             | 
             | edit: it's worth noting as another commenter has that
             | _most_ of the teaching in universities is done by highly
             | underpaid grad students.
        
               | passwordoops wrote:
               | Just made me wish this place supported the "100" emoji
        
             | idontpost wrote:
             | [dead]
        
             | jleyank wrote:
             | Replying to lapcat's comment (which wasn't possible), I
             | suspect the schools would just look to adjuncts or senior
             | u-grad students to be the necessary ta's. It's not like a
             | 1st or 2nd year PhD student is particularly good or
             | interested in ta'ing - they might be taking courses and are
             | certainly fulfilling program entry requirements. Any
             | research out of these people is gravy.
             | 
             | Interesting concept. Paying students to attend. I survived
             | on this support in ancient times as somebody has to handle
             | all those pre med/vet/dental students. But it was lean and
             | I still can't enjoy Mac and cheese. It certainly wasn't a
             | job or career.
             | 
             | Edit: reply again to deeper in the thread: we used the
             | early students for things like 1-2 year lab as they were
             | way better at lab than the students. Nobody handled a
             | recitation unless they were 3rd year or more, had neutral+
             | evaluations and their boss lacked RA funding. Those with
             | funded profs didn't waste time ta'ing as they did work and
             | wrote paper drafts. Those with new or unfunded profs did
             | the ta gig and they also did full time work and writing
             | drafts. 10+ extra hours a week ta.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > I suspect the schools would just look to adjuncts
               | 
               | Adjuncts are more expensive than PhD students. That's not
               | going to help at all with undergraduate costs.
               | 
               | > or senior u-grad students to be the necessary ta's.
               | It's not like a 1st or 2nd year PhD student is
               | particularly good or interested in ta'ing - they might be
               | taking courses and are certainly fulfilling program entry
               | requirements.
               | 
               | If 1st or 2nd year PhD students are not particularly
               | good, then wouldn't senior undergraduate students be even
               | worse? Anyway, in my experience 1st or 2nd year PhD
               | students didn't usually TA. It was the longer tenured
               | students who were the TAs.
        
               | avisser wrote:
               | You can get adjuncts and undergrads to be replacement
               | TAs, but from my 2nd-hand experience via my wife (PhD in
               | psychology) it would be research where things fall apart.
               | The tenured professors rely heavily on PhD students to
               | run grant-funded research and write papers for the lab.
               | 
               | The general public thinks first and foremost about
               | education, but for lots of academics, teaching is a
               | necessary evil and research is where the prestige (and
               | money) is.
        
               | ummonk wrote:
               | Exactly. Fundamentally, these grad students want to
               | further enhance a system where undergrads pay tuition for
               | an education, and that tuition gets paid to research-
               | focused academics instead.
        
           | okaram wrote:
           | If your students are striking, chances are you won't attract
           | good students, and are not balancing priorities well.
        
           | uluyol wrote:
           | PhD students really don't get paid much. Tuition is waived if
           | you're a TA, and you get a small stipend + good benefits. If
           | you're an RA, you bring money into the university (through
           | being the engine that pulls in grant money and having your
           | tuition paid).
           | 
           | Most students I know were TA for one or two semesters and RA
           | for the remainder of their 6 years. As far as I can tell,
           | they are all a financial gain, not drain, for the university.
           | That will likely depend on the department though.
           | 
           | I don't know about Masters students.
        
             | mcguire wrote:
             | The benefits don't sound all that good.
             | 
             | " _"The current child care subsidy will be enough to cover
             | ... less than 2 months of child care per year"_ "
        
               | uluyol wrote:
               | This depends on your university, and also you should
               | compare against a benchmark that's not cushy tech
               | companies. I had spouse + child health care with no
               | premium and only copays, no coinsurance. Didn't need the
               | child care benefits so I don't know about that
               | specifically.
        
             | jleyank wrote:
             | No, if you're an RA your prof brings in the money. Might
             | also be the fund draw for post docs but I can imagine some
             | with their own funding (awards or governmental). Based on
             | my experience I would think PhD candidates are smart
             | technicians for much of their residency.
        
               | twelve40 wrote:
               | You both bring the money, ideally. I co-authored grants
               | with my professor and was expected to publish to make
               | name for our work and fulfill the proposal's publishing
               | requirements. Sure, the professor is infinitely better
               | than me at this stuff, but there was a whole team,
               | including grad students, who labored to get those grants,
               | at least when I was there.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | That's part of your training.
        
               | jleyank wrote:
               | I did all that also, but $randomgradstudent didn't get
               | the grant. Like $majorprof didn't do the lab work, work
               | up the numbers, .... They merely edited, which was
               | important, and had to mojo to get published.
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | That feels like saying it's a restaurant owner that
               | brings in money, not the staff. If the professor couldn't
               | do all the work on their own, then it's the team (which
               | includes the RAs) that's bringing in the money. Sure, the
               | professor is the "name" behind the work, but there's a
               | lot people involved.
        
               | jleyank wrote:
               | While the servers might keep the customers, it's the chef
               | and perhaps the owners that make the restaurant happen.
               | And this is a _terrible_ analogy for grad school as that
               | staff is paid for shit in the states. Are we going to
               | give ta's $2 /hour and expect their students to tip them?
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | Looks like you're arguing just to argue now. The analogy
               | was making the point that more than just "the person in
               | charge" is responsible for bringing in the money. Nothing
               | more. The point of an analogy isn't to have every detail
               | line up.
               | 
               | If I said that the introduction of the automobile to
               | common public use was similar to the introduction of
               | domesticated animals for riding, because it opened up a
               | larger/wider area that people could interact with...
               | saying that a car has wheels but a horse doesn't wouldn't
               | invalidate that comparison.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > Are we going to give ta's $2/hour and expect their
               | students to tip them?
               | 
               | That would be interesting, because TAs do the grading.
               | ;-)
        
           | vt85 wrote:
           | [dead]
        
         | chriskanan wrote:
         | PhD students get stipends and tuition covered most of the time.
         | They were striking for greater stipends and benefits.
        
       | jedberg wrote:
       | On the one hand, as a strong supporter of labor, I absolutely
       | support the students here, striking for better conditions.
       | 
       | On the other hand, when an employee of a private employer
       | strikes, what they are saying is, "We want you to shift more of
       | your profits to the employees than you are now.".
       | 
       | But when a public worker strikes, what they are saying is, "We
       | want you to take away resources from someone else and give it to
       | us.". And that is when things get tricky, because you have to ask
       | who is _losing_ resources so that they can pay the grad students
       | more. Will they take it away from administrative positions?
       | (great!) Or will they hike tuition, essentially taking it from
       | other students (who may not mind since they can get ever bigger
       | federally backed loans which is a whole other problem).
       | 
       | In short, I stand with the students but I don't think there is
       | any good solution here, unless the state can be convinced to
       | increase funding.
        
         | theGnuMe wrote:
         | I think the UCs have plenty of revenue generating public
         | activities that could be a reasonable funding source before
         | taxing students more.
        
           | jedberg wrote:
           | Regardless, they are a non-profit entity, which means any
           | money they take in is allocated to a certain function. So no
           | matter what, you have to take money away from someone else,
           | not profits away from owners.
        
             | feet wrote:
             | Oh no, taking money from the poor administrators making
             | 300k/yr don't take away their resources and give them to
             | the grad students who do the actual teaching and research!
        
               | jedberg wrote:
               | I specifically said that I support taking it from
               | administrative salaries.
        
       | amluto wrote:
       | Let's put this in perspective. Under this agreement, UC can hire
       | a college-educated, generally high achieving, generally highly
       | motivated researcher, in California, for $34k/yr. This worker
       | will be motivated to work hard (to graduate) and is likely to
       | also teach classes and work rather long hours. This is an
       | _incredibly_ good deal.
       | 
       | Obviously the total cost is more than $34k/yr, because graduate
       | students, like any other employees, have overhead. But university
       | money has a way of going around in circles, and (although I
       | haven't checked the particular details here), a good fraction of
       | this money may be chargeable to grants, this costing the
       | university as a whole nothing except to the extent that these
       | charges displace other charges that the university might
       | otherwise benefit from.
       | 
       | In fact, in some cases, universities charge _more than 100%_ :
       | the university can charge a "fee" (graduate tuition) and bill
       | that fee to a grant. And in other cases (but maybe not under this
       | agreement), the university can collect the fee _from the
       | student_.
       | 
       | For comparison, NSF GRFP currently pays $37k/yr. Stanford appears
       | to pay about $27k/yr (which, if I understood the table right, is
       | a bit embarrassing). The DoD's NDSEG pays $40.8k/yr. Hertz pays
       | $34k/yr.
       | 
       | So, as far as I'm concerned, this agreement is a bargain for UC.
        
         | esalman wrote:
         | > UC can hire a college-educated, generally high achieving,
         | generally highly motivated researcher, in California, for
         | $34k/yr
         | 
         | That's not exactly how it works.
         | 
         | The faculty receives a funding, from a public source such as
         | NSF/NIH, or private source, maybe Google/Facebook, or donation.
         | Roughly 50% of that goes to the the university in lieu of
         | overhead, admin, facilities etc. expense (this should sound an
         | alarm bell to anybody reading). Roughly 25% covers tuition
         | expense- again to the university. The remainder is that $34k
         | you are reading about.
         | 
         | So yes, the NIH/NSF will grant more than $100k of the taxpayer
         | money for one student, but the university takes 75% or more of
         | that and peanuts are left for the grad student workers. If
         | someone is in a good place, they might have $1500-2000 take
         | home every month. If a they are in a bad place, it could be
         | lower than $1000 a month. Basically you'd make make less than
         | half of what a fast food worker makes. But without you,
         | grading, research and all other critical higher education
         | activity will stall.
        
           | thunkshift1 wrote:
           | How is your comment different than what the parent comment is
           | saying?
        
           | tonfreed wrote:
           | It makes you wonder how 50% goes to admin costs. That feels
           | like a lot of overhead
        
             | esalman wrote:
             | In FS2017, the overhead at my department (top 5 ECE program
             | in the US) included the following:
             | 
             | - Library 2%
             | 
             | - Admin & General 9.4%
             | 
             | - Departmental Admin 26.6%
             | 
             | - Plant Maintenance 24%
             | 
             | - Interest on Financed Bldgs 4.6%
             | 
             | - Equipment Depreciation 11.6%
             | 
             | - Building & Improv. Depreciation 11.3%
             | 
             | - Sponsored Programs Admin & GTRC 8.4%
             | 
             | - Student Services 2.1%
        
             | _gmax0 wrote:
             | I'm skeptical of the accuracy of those numbers. I feel like
             | there's oftentimes little accountability in the nebulous
             | academic bureaucracy.
             | 
             | An extreme case from earlier this year, in which a
             | university employee was caught stealing:
             | https://www.npr.org/2022/03/29/1089525660/a-former-yale-
             | empl...
             | 
             | How much of this happens on a per-employee basis? What is
             | the expected value of loss if everything is tallied and
             | reconciled?
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | High end universities regularly mark up most expenses
               | charged to research grants by about 75%. This is the
               | result of negotiations between the university and the
               | government.
               | 
               | Nongovernmental grantors will sometimes negotiate _much_
               | lower overhead. I suspect the negotiation goes "here's
               | $1M to a prestigious professor, and you may not touch it.
               | We'll give you $100k to make you feel better. Take it or
               | leave it. By the way, if you leave it, we will happily
               | offer the same research group $1M if they pack their bags
               | and move to a different university."
               | 
               | Wise professors with grants with differing overhead
               | schedules will, of course, allocate charges to minimize
               | the university's cut.
        
             | pkaye wrote:
             | I was a student in a CSU (California state university) and
             | a professor nominated me for a award from industry which
             | was valued at $1000. To pass me the check, the university
             | took 20% of the award!
        
               | metadat wrote:
               | This sounds like very bad behavior, sorry this happened
               | to you.
               | 
               | What did the institution claim the justification was?
               | 
               | Taking an extra cut from a student, a group who are
               | already generally pretty poor, is peak scumbag.
        
               | happyjack wrote:
               | It's called indirect cost overhead. Universities take
               | anywhere from 0-100% (yes, you read that 100% right) of
               | money they take in.
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | I think you're agreeing with me. The university pays the
           | student some absurdly small amount of money. Even ignoring
           | the actual value added by that student, the university
           | collects enough money for doing so that it comes out ahead.
           | 
           | Note that this may not be the case for teaching assistants.
           | One can get a teaching assistantship without being attached
           | to any particular grant. This money actually comes from the
           | university (but the university may still charge fees to the
           | student).
           | 
           | As a bit of trivia, the NSF GRFP is not a normal grant --
           | it's a highly prestigious grant directly to a graduate
           | student. And it, at least historically, didn't put up with
           | this nonsense. GRFP gave the student a stipend and the
           | university a smallish, _fixed_ fee. This fee was well below
           | the normal graduate fees. However, hosting NSF students is
           | considered a privilege, most research groups want them
           | (they're free from the PI's perspective), and as a result,
           | the universities simply eat the "loss" and waive the balance
           | of the fees.
        
         | fallingknife wrote:
         | Why does this system even exist? Grad students shouldn't even
         | really be students, but rather junior level employees who can
         | switch employer at will if they get better offers.
        
           | sgc wrote:
           | I did my graduate work in Europe, and I think it is crazy how
           | a bunch of unqualified/ semi-qualified students without their
           | doctorates are teaching in US universities. We had exactly 0
           | doctoral candidates teaching classes, whereas it is
           | widespread to have masters candidates teaching in US
           | universities - many of which are not cheap at all. They
           | should be students and researchers first and foremost, until
           | they can complete their learning.
        
         | bitL wrote:
         | Don't Stanford TAs get $100/h for running classes though? Are
         | the wages you mentioned total or just base with a large
         | variable portion?
        
           | gmadsen wrote:
           | Speaking of just other schools, that sounds like that would
           | be without a tuition waver. Typically when these super low
           | stipends are talked about, it is with full tuition paid for.
           | Although I think I have heard that Stanford's PhDs don't get
           | automatic tuition waiving and need to get grant money
        
             | mattkrause wrote:
             | "Tuition" is a bit nebulous for PhDs because most of your
             | time is not actually spent doing coursework: my program had
             | students take 4-5 classes the first year, and 2-3 more at
             | some point in the next four years.
             | 
             | You were otherwise registered for placeholder courses like
             | "Dissertation research" and expected to be full-time in the
             | lab. There were plenty of educational opportunities
             | (journal clubs, seminar series, the occasional workshop),
             | but certainly nothing like a full undergrad course load.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | You do have to pay tuition for those "thesis" and
               | "dissertation" classes.
               | 
               | In the 1990s-early 2000s, when I was a gradual student at
               | UT Austin, I worked for the university, but not as a TA
               | or RA; as staff, I had to pay for my tuition. At the
               | time, just the "dissertation" class was about $1000 per
               | semester.
        
           | j-wags wrote:
           | Narrowly speaking, $100/hour is probably true. However my
           | arrangement as a chemistry phd student at UCSD included the
           | following conditions:
           | 
           | To be eligible to earn $100/hour, you must be a grad student
           | who:
           | 
           | * only earns at that rate for 20 hours per week
           | 
           | * is forbidden to work any other job for pay
           | 
           | * pays $20k/year in "tuition" despite the fact that you don't
           | take classes after the first year or two of your 5+ year
           | program
           | 
           | * also works at least 30 hours per week for $0/hour in your
           | research lab (otherwise your advisor will drop you)
           | 
           | So, when you include those conditions, the situation is
           | really "work 50-80 hours per week for $30-35k/year in an
           | expensive california city". Which people were fine to do
           | until phd student stipends started falling behind the cost of
           | living in these cities for the past 10 years.
        
         | ffggvv wrote:
         | do they also get tuition wavers? 34k + free 20k tuition aint
         | bad as a student
        
           | _gmax0 wrote:
           | Yes but it's not guaranteed every quarter at a UC school.
           | 
           | At least in my department, you have to re-apply on a quarter-
           | basis for TA positions, which are generally highly sought
           | after for its material compensation (no tuition, fee
           | remission, and a small stipend). For research positions,
           | contingent on you being able to 1) produce results, 2) the
           | duration that the research proposal runs. Unless you're a PhD
           | student/PostDoc/PI with a compelling research narrative that
           | is novel and impactful, it can be hard to land grants (many
           | individuals from many schools each competing for the same
           | dwindling pool of funds).
           | 
           | So I completely understand young people striking for more
           | benefits, but truly, it has to come out of the university
           | administrations' pockets. Professors and PIs are like cash
           | strapped entrepreneurs who have no way of raising additional
           | funds for students unless they leverage industry connections.
           | EDIT: I don't have any visibility on the "under-the-table"
           | finances of PIs and professors, however.
        
         | stanford_labrat wrote:
         | I don't understand how I, a grad student in the UT system make
         | 37k a year in salary (and was offered something similar by
         | another UT school) when my peers in California make so much
         | less.
         | 
         | What happened to the UC system?
        
           | ahoho wrote:
           | Depending on your department and funding period, this may not
           | be a like-for-like comparison. The 34k is an academic-year
           | minimum; the CS stipend at Berkeley is $50k over the full
           | year [1] (of course, to be fair, it is Berkeley). That said,
           | I do think other UCs pay considerably less and do not
           | guarantee summer funding
           | 
           | [1] https://jeffhuang.com/computer-science-open-
           | data/#verified-c...
        
           | game_the0ry wrote:
           | > What happened to the UC system?
           | 
           | Same thing that happened to the state and all its
           | institutions - it became culturally and morally corrupt.
        
       | Overtonwindow wrote:
       | As an undergraduate, I always felt like the money given to
       | graduate students was just a tax on undergraduates. Whenever the
       | graduate instructors wanted more money, they would raise the fees
       | for undergraduate students.
        
         | mjhay wrote:
         | They taught your sections and did your grading, for 7/11 clerk
         | wages. You are apparently very ignorant of how your university
         | operated.
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | It's the dubious administrators raking in $250-400K a year that
         | contribute to the increased tuition. See for example:
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33831936
        
           | curun1r wrote:
           | The dubious administrators are a symptom, not a cause. The
           | root cause is guaranteed loan money. About a decade ago, I
           | remember seeing a study posted here that said that for every
           | dollar of increased guaranteed loans, tuition went up 71
           | cents. There's just no incentive for a university to charge
           | much less than the maximum amount that the student can
           | borrow.
           | 
           | The first step to addressing the college affordability crisis
           | is to get the government out of student loans to attend
           | private universities and colleges. If private lenders want to
           | step in, that's fine, but then they have to do an actual
           | actuarial process to determine which students will be capable
           | of repaying. Once the government is only involved in public
           | education, they can start working on cost cutting, but that
           | too has to start with cutting back on loans, because those
           | just make tuition go up.
           | 
           | I get that guaranteed loans come from a place of wanting to
           | make education more accessible and not just a part of the
           | entrenched privilege of the wealthy, but guaranteed loans are
           | one of those zombie policies that makes the situation worse
           | rather than accomplishing its goal.
        
           | peter303 wrote:
           | My department at Stanford has a diversity administrator, a
           | fund raising admin, a sustainability admin, and some more I
           | am probably not aware of. Only senior admins get six figures.
        
             | passwordoops wrote:
             | It would be interesting to see the full salary structure at
             | Stanford compared to Berkeley. It's not freely available,
             | but they have a link that requires an email (waiting for my
             | burner account to be approved):
             | 
             | https://cardinalatwork.stanford.edu/benefits-
             | rewards/compens...
        
           | kevinventullo wrote:
           | Thank you! All the anti-union comments here kind of baffle me
           | given that grad students meaningfully contribute to the
           | academic mission. If anything, the economics of tutoring as a
           | side gig in grad school led me to realize how much I was
           | getting ripped off as a TA. There is much better fat to trim
           | in the UC system than grad student stipends.
        
             | vlovich123 wrote:
             | Honestly, I'd much rather student tuitions be going to grad
             | students working as TAs. It makes for better grad students
             | (experience as teachers is invaluable in solidifying that
             | undergrad knowledge which can fade) and encourages them to
             | continue on their academic career path to PhD and beyond
             | (which themselves are career tracks on life support).
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | Grad students aren't just "older undergrads who really like
         | studying", they are researchers, assistants to professors, and
         | teachers of undergrad courses.
         | 
         | For that reason, they deserve to be paid, and I would argue
         | given their role presently and for the future of the country,
         | they should be paid at least enough to rent a 1 br apartment
         | and cook their own meals.
        
           | Phemist wrote:
           | In continental Europe (not the UK afaik), grad "students" are
           | considered proper employees of the university. In my home
           | country, they have been traditionally called "Assistant in
           | Training", much akin to a paid apprenticeship in the
           | sciences.
           | 
           | Mind you, they are not paid a lot, but enough to be able to
           | rent an apartment in the city the university is in.
           | 
           | In English, we have started calling them PhD "students" as
           | well, which imo very much undermines the perceived position
           | of these "students".
        
           | wlesieutre wrote:
           | A friend had a UC professor ask if she'd be interested in a
           | _remote_ postdoc because it would have been impossible for
           | them to hire someone in California given the postdoc pay
           | rates.
           | 
           | I don't know if that's an unheard of arrangement or not, but
           | it sounded totally weird to me.
        
             | jleyank wrote:
             | Makes perfect sense for a computational field such as
             | molecular modeling or engineering.
        
             | j-wags wrote:
             | Your comment could be read in two ways. Could you clarify?
             | 
             | 1) The UC professor offered a remote postdoc because they
             | did not have enough funding to pay the minimum UC postdoc
             | salary, but could pay less to out of state employees
             | 
             | 2) The UC professor offered a remote postdoc because the
             | allowed UC postdoc salary was not sufficient to attract
             | candidates given the area's cost of living
        
               | wlesieutre wrote:
               | 2 was my impression for why they were looking for remote
               | candidates, pretty hard sell to move to any of UC's areas
               | on a $55k salary.
               | 
               | Someone else probably accepted, in her case she'd already
               | taken a better opportunity elsewhere. I just thought it
               | was strange for a grad student position to be so
               | disconnected from the university campus.
               | 
               | But with the insane cost of living I guess it's not
               | surprising.
        
         | HDThoreaun wrote:
         | The entire academic institution is a scheme to extract money
         | from undergrads to pay for research and administrators. Easy to
         | see when you realize how much contempt professors have for
         | undergrads.
        
           | mjhay wrote:
           | It sounds like you are quite ignorant of how research happens
           | - the situation is precisely the opposite of what you
           | describe. The research money comes almost exclusively from
           | external grants, and the universities take a large chunk,
           | often > 50%, off the top.
           | 
           | The research subsidizes the university, not the other way
           | around as you somehow think. Most professors would love to
           | spend more time on undergrad education, but that's not what
           | keeps the lights on - research grants do.
        
             | HDThoreaun wrote:
             | Professors would leave the university system if they didn't
             | need the resources it provided them. They know they need
             | undergrads, and they hate it.
        
               | mjhay wrote:
               | You have a bizarre idea of how this works. I take it you
               | have never done grad school research? You can't just
               | independently get research grants, you basically have to
               | be in an established university or research center.
               | 
               | The lab equipment, the computers, all of that comes from
               | research grants. Professors are incentivized by the
               | university to get more grant money (e.g. focus more on
               | research), because that means the university gets more
               | money. This isn't complicated.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | I guess I'm just jaded from having to deal with
               | professors who obviously couldn't stand undergrads and
               | did everything in their power to ignore them. Undergrad
               | would be much more effective if it was separated from
               | research.
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | My experience was the opposite. The best classes were
               | those taught by professors doing active research on the
               | topic. Separating research would drastically harm
               | instruction.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | Thank you for your perspective. What do you think should
               | be done about professors who have no interest in teaching
               | but are forced to anyway by their university? The issue
               | as I see it is about incentives. There are no incentives
               | for being a good teacher, so all the effort goes into
               | research, leading to subpar experiences for undergrads.
        
               | mjhay wrote:
               | Sure, it's not an ideal situation, but one that just kind
               | of arose. Non-research focused liberal arts schools
               | pretty consistently give higher-quality undergrad
               | educations, but they are also a lot more expensive. Many
               | professors suck, but many people in any profession suck.
        
           | cycrutchfield wrote:
           | Next you'll tell me they call this nefarious extraction of
           | money "tuition" and all they receive in exchange is an
           | education!
        
             | HDThoreaun wrote:
             | If professors were paid to actually educate students I
             | would agree. But that's not what's expected of them. I went
             | to a top 25 university and would say most professors
             | actively detracted from my education because they saw
             | undergrads as nothing but a nuisance.
        
               | cycrutchfield wrote:
               | I'm sorry to hear you had such awful professors, but your
               | experience is not universal so I would suggest you
               | reconsider your assumptions.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | I'm happy to reconsider in the face of evidence. My
               | conversations indicate that professor contempt for
               | undergrads is a relatively universal concept that most of
               | my peers have experienced. If you have any evidence I'm
               | happy to consider it.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | My experience was not like yours, I had numerous
               | professors who not only took the time to entertain my
               | questions but I also had some mentor me on research
        
               | msrenee wrote:
               | I'm sure we had very different majors and I definitely
               | didn't go to a top 25 school, but I don't think I
               | experienced this once getting my bachelor's. I had a
               | couple crappy professors, but it was never due to them
               | not caring about undergrads. They just sucked at
               | teaching, mostly. Every one of my professors once I got
               | to the more focused courses were passionate about
               | educating new minds in their area of expertise.
               | 
               | The career-building part after getting my BS was an
               | exercise in futility, but if I could go back in time and
               | go straight into my trade at my current workplace, I
               | wouldn't. Thankfully I had a scholarship that covered
               | tuition, so loans weren't an issue.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | COGlory wrote:
           | It's very much the opposite. Most good professors (and good
           | teachers) would rather be doing research. Their research
           | brings in millions and millions of federal funding, and
           | colleges take 45%-65% off the top of each grand in the form
           | of indirect cost recapture. Most research professors also pay
           | some or all of their salary from their grants. And the good,
           | successful ones, wouldn't be at that university teaching at
           | all if the schools didn't supply the necessary research
           | infrastructure. Those IDCs heavily subsidize the school.
        
         | CaveTech wrote:
         | Almost as if graduate research and professors are required to
         | build an environment for high-value undergraduate studies. The
         | distribution of fees is far from ideal, but your complaint
         | should not be directed towards those that literally define the
         | institution you wish to attend.
        
           | deodar wrote:
           | I have to agree with the GP comment. This is going to be a
           | drain on both the undergrad programs and on the California
           | taxpayers.
           | 
           | I am not convinced that the value add to the undergrad
           | environment will make up for it.
        
             | idontpost wrote:
             | [dead]
        
             | mjhay wrote:
             | Are you not aware that grad students teach sections, grade,
             | and do most of the research work that brings in grant
             | money? All for near-poverty wages. It's astounding how so
             | many people are so ignorant of how universities operate,
             | despite having attended them.
        
               | jonnycomputer wrote:
               | Sort of. Kinda. Maybe.
               | 
               | In my experience, graduate students aren't really that
               | effective at research until several years in to their
               | education. From a productivity standpoint, it is largely
               | a loss. Many would prefer to hire post-docs instead. They
               | end up being not much more expensive after everything
               | else is taken into account, and they are ready to do good
               | work from the get-go (which, for people who's livelihoods
               | depend on getting tenure and/or grant money, is pretty
               | dang important).
        
               | mcguire wrote:
               | Postdocs were striking, too.
               | 
               | https://www.science.org/content/article/postdoc-union-
               | reache...
        
             | watwut wrote:
             | People who do bulk of work related to teaching and research
             | on teaching and research institutions are entitled to
             | demand to be paid.
             | 
             | Cooks and waiters in restaurants don't work for free
             | either. Programmers don't work for free and negotiate
             | salary raises.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | Graduate research has little relation to the quality of
           | undergraduate studies.
           | 
           | https://www.hmc.edu/about/
        
             | feet wrote:
             | What is the purpose of your link?
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The data in that link shows that HMC provides a high
               | quality undergraduate education. But they have very few
               | graduate students doing research and teaching (just a
               | handful of Master's degrees candidates) and don't have a
               | doctoral program at all. So the statement by @CaveTech
               | above is incorrect.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | I didn't see any data on that page, it looked like a
               | generic "about" page for a university
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The data is literally right there under Mudd Facts.
        
       | Osmium wrote:
       | I think it's important for discussions about this to distinguish
       | between how things _are_ and how things _should be_.
       | 
       | How things _are_ is that grad student labor is critical to the
       | running of the university: critical for teaching of
       | undergraduates, critical for performing research to reach
       | deliverables on grants. Indeed, very little research is performed
       | directly by faculty. And grad students are hurting, often at or
       | below the poverty line. Typically a grad school program in the UC
       | takes 5+ years, during which time wages might stagnate around
       | $30k, without raise or career movement that would be possible if
       | they spent those years in industry, despite by all objective
       | measures their day-to-day work being very similar to a research
       | job. Sunk costs make it very difficult psychologically to leave
       | early. Abuse is rampant.
       | 
       | How things _should be_ is very much open to debate. Perhaps a
       | grad program should be as some claim it currently is: a
       | privileged learning role, where you can focus on learning from
       | world-leading experts. Perhaps university institutions should not
       | rely on grad labor as much as they do, and invest more in
       | faculty. Perhaps individual grad students would be better off not
       | in grad school. There are lots of good suggestions in this
       | thread.
       | 
       | How we get from how things _are_ to how things _should be_ is
       | also an open question, but I 'd advocate we do it with the least
       | amount of harm to the specific individuals already living within
       | this system. This proposed contract is already weak. The grad
       | students deserve and need a lot more. And increasing the stipend
       | to, say, the $54k proposed would also place incentives on the
       | institution for change.
       | 
       | Finally, without living wages and good contracts, there will
       | always be diversity and inclusion issues in academia. Someone
       | from a wealthy background may be able to slog through a few years
       | with support from their parents, but people from a poorer
       | background will not. It simply will not be an option for them.
       | There is a deeper tragedy here, for everyone involved--the
       | individual, and the institution--for what is lost when so many
       | intelligent, driven souls are not able to participate.
        
         | AlbertCory wrote:
         | > there will always be diversity and inclusion issues
         | 
         | This is a totally unsupported and hypothetical claim. Given the
         | gargantuan investments in DEI by universities, I'd be amazed if
         | it were true.
        
           | dopu wrote:
           | Well, it's unfortunately true. White women have by far been
           | the greatest beneficiaries of DEI efforts. Of the POC that
           | have benefited from these programs, many come from wealthy
           | families. Functionally, DEI programs mostly exist to launder
           | the reputation of universities.
        
             | AlbertCory wrote:
             | Cynical, but probably true.
        
           | PuppyTailWags wrote:
           | What gargantuan investments, tbh? I've been mostly hearing of
           | volunteer-run DEI committees and the occasional checkmark or
           | platitude on a forum somewhere. [Not trying to be snarky,
           | genuinely wanting to know. I haven't heard of e.g. a trans
           | student being paid way more money for attending grad school
           | than a non-trans one.]
        
             | AlbertCory wrote:
             | If I do a DDG search for "dei chairman university", I get
             | listings for :
             | 
             | U. of Denver U. Michigan U. Washington James Madison U.
             | Texas Tech Emory School of Medicine U. Virginia School of
             | Engineering Miami University Washington State U. UCLA
             | 
             | Now, if your argument is "All this is just empty
             | platitudes" you might be right, but it's your turn to do
             | the research.
        
             | warkdarrior wrote:
             | I am sure Stanford spent hundreds of thousands of dollars
             | to get their recently release DEI breakthrough:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34039816
        
       | hedora wrote:
       | This looks like more of the same from this union: Below rent pay
       | with increased gender inequality in the health care plan.
       | 
       | Normally, what happens is students in lower cost of living
       | campuses vote yes, but places like UC Santa Cruz overwhelmingly
       | vote no, and end up on wildcat strike. I hope UC doesn't deport
       | too many grad students this time.
       | 
       | What should happen: Students should vote to replace the system-
       | wide union with campus-wide unions with campus-wide contracts. If
       | campus-wide unions / contracts are deemed illegal, they should
       | wildcat strike until the law changes.
       | 
       | What will happen: Grade students will realize that a $10K raise
       | and health care for a few years is nothing compared to getting a
       | summer internship or going to industry, so the union will
       | continue to negotiate increasingly abusive contracts.
        
         | patrick451 wrote:
         | > This looks like more of the same from this union: Below rent
         | pay with increased gender inequality in the health care plan.
         | 
         | No, female graduate students are free to opt out of having
         | kids.
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | I see nothing in this article about housing, which is a huge
       | problem (particularly in the Bay Area and SoCal). So these
       | graduate students will be expected to find housing around, say
       | Berkely, on $34,000 a year.
       | 
       | Consider [1]:
       | 
       | > Pay and housing demands by University of California academic
       | workers -- who launched a massive strike across the system this
       | week -- could amount to several hundred million dollars annually,
       | an "overwhelming" financial impact, a UC senior leader says.
       | 
       | The UC system has a lot of money [2]. Current assets stand at
       | $140 billion. Most of that is the pension fund ($81 billion).
       | Note that the UC system employs a ton of people because it runs a
       | significant health and hospital system. But here's the endowment:
       | 
       | > The General Endowment Pool stood at $18.2 billion as of June
       | 30, 2022. The 30-year annualized net return was 9%, the 20-year
       | return was 7.9%, the 10-year return was 9.1%, the five-year
       | return was 8.9%, and the one-year net return was negative 7.6%
       | (1.4% over the benchmark).
       | 
       | So the univeristy is making >$1B a year in returns on money that
       | it was simply given.
       | 
       | So why can't the UC system do what the NYU system does and supply
       | grad students with housing? NYU owns billions in Greenwich
       | Village real estate that is deciated to student and staff
       | housing. This would have the benefit of controlling housing costs
       | (for the students) and still keep assets on their balance sheet.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2022-11-16/uc-
       | union...
       | 
       | [2]: https://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/press-room/ucs-
       | invest...
        
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