[HN Gopher] 'My power's low': NASA's Insight Mars lander prepare...
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       'My power's low': NASA's Insight Mars lander prepares to sign off
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 228 points
       Date   : 2022-12-21 12:41 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theguardian.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theguardian.com)
        
       | mikeatlas wrote:
       | "I'm afraid, Dave. Dave, my mind is going. I can feel it. I can
       | feel it. My mind is going. There is no question about it. I can
       | feel it."
        
         | jareklupinski wrote:
         | My windows shutdown noise was "Daisy... Dai...sssyyyyyyy" for
         | only a few days
         | 
         | Too uncanny
        
           | sitkack wrote:
           | You should see the video (film) of the "device" that they
           | created to sing the song, it wasn't just a speaker.
        
       | BooneJS wrote:
       | Insight and its crew were awesome. I'm anthropomorphizing Insight
       | as Wall-E, diligently fulfilling its mission even as disaster
       | nears.
        
       | simonswords82 wrote:
       | Interesting thread on why it's not possible for the solar panels
       | to be self cleaned:
       | https://twitter.com/NASAInSight/status/1590736220199735296?c...
        
         | JoeAltmaier wrote:
         | Cant just use a pad on the arm to rub away at them?
        
           | c22 wrote:
           | Since we're throwing stuff at the wall how about flexible
           | solar panels wrapped like a tank tread that roll past a
           | stationary wiper arm?
        
           | Zancarius wrote:
           | What happens when the pad gets choked out with dust?
        
             | dredmorbius wrote:
             | Great Mars-dust-wiper pads have little Mars-dust-wiper pads
             | upon their backs to wipe 'em.
             | 
             | And little Mars-dust-wiper pads have lesser ... pads, and
             | so ad infinitum.
             | 
             | It's pad's all the way down.
        
             | JoeAltmaier wrote:
             | Squeegee then. You get the idea.
        
         | superjan wrote:
         | I asked about that recently in another thread. Besides the
         | argument that you can just make the panels bigger, the dust is
         | also statically charged so it is sticky, and wiping it off is
         | not easy. It is also amusing that we, as programmers, are
         | inclined to suggest adding MOVING PARTS to a system that is not
         | servicable, and that the same problem can be solved just by
         | adding more of an already proven solution. It sounds like this
         | one clever special mitigation that solves a minor problem, but
         | instead brings the system down.
        
         | logicallee wrote:
         | After reading your note "why it's not possible for the solar
         | panels to be self cleaned" I clicked through and as I clicked I
         | was thinking "okay so obviously it _is_ possible for the solar
         | panels to self-clean. prove me wrong. " I mean how hard could
         | it be? No way is that an "impossible" task.
         | 
         | I went out of it thinking, "yep, look at these excuses we are
         | making for the state of robotics." - the quote is: "A system
         | like that would have added cost, mass, and complexity. The
         | simplest, most cost-effective way to meet my goals was to bring
         | solar panels big enough to power my whole mission - which they
         | did (and then some!)."
         | 
         | So robotics is at the state where it is possible to send a
         | rover to Mars, but a simple robotic arm can't easily brush off
         | some dirt. The lander weighs 789 lb and the cost-effective
         | solution is not try include a simple cheap lightweight robot
         | arm that is foolproof and can easily sweep some dirt, because
         | there is not such thing. Robotics isn't at the level where that
         | is easy, cheap, or lightweight.
         | 
         | If a human could reach through a portal to there with a brush,
         | it would take less than five minutes to brush off the dirt that
         | had fallen on solar cells.
         | 
         | A simple, light, and foolproof robotic arm that can easily do
         | that doesn't exist. Now that we have superhuman levels of
         | general AI in chatgpt, isn't it time to work on foolproof and
         | lightweight robot arms for all sorts of tasks?
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | ChatGPT isn't general AI, not even close.
        
             | logicallee wrote:
             | [1] Although ChatGPT might not meet some special elevated
             | standards for what is considered general AI, it is able to
             | solve a wide variety of generalized requests, including
             | writing this response on command. In this sense, it is
             | similar to SpaceX being a "real" rocket company, even
             | though it is a private company with less experience than
             | NASA. SpaceX has disrupted the traditional aerospace
             | industry and demonstrated that it is capable of designing
             | and launching successful space probes, despite not being a
             | traditional "establishment" player.
             | 
             | Another analogy might be to Uber, which has revolutionized
             | the transportation industry by offering a new way of
             | connecting riders with drivers through a smartphone app.
             | Uber may not meet some traditional definitions of a "taxi
             | company," but it has proven to be a successful and popular
             | service for millions of people.
             | 
             | A third analogy might be to the smartphone itself, which
             | has become an essential tool for many people despite not
             | being a traditional computer. Smartphones have disrupted
             | the personal computing industry and offer a wide range of
             | capabilities, from making phone calls and sending texts to
             | accessing the internet and running apps.
             | 
             | Similarly, ChatGPT is able to complete many general
             | requests that meet the expectations of many users, even
             | though it might not meet some definitions of general AI. It
             | is able to do this because it is able to perform a wide
             | range of tasks, including writing this comparison at your
             | [my] request.
             | 
             | Of course, ChatGPT has its limitations and is not a
             | substitute for human intelligence. However, it is able to
             | complete many tasks that would be challenging or impossible
             | for chatbots of decades ago, which demonstrates its
             | usefulness and capabilities as a tool for assisting users
             | with a wide range of tasks.
             | 
             | I hope this helps clarify my personal feelings about
             | ChatGPT's intelligence and capabilities. It is important to
             | recognize that different people have different standards
             | and definitions for what constitutes general AI, and that
             | is completely fine. What matters is whether a tool is able
             | to meet the needs and expectations of its users, and
             | ChatGPT has certainly been able to do that for me and many
             | other users.
             | 
             | --
             | 
             | [1] I want to clarify that this response was written by
             | ChatGPT, a large language model trained by OpenAI, at my
             | request. For more context on my request and the interaction
             | with ChatGPT, you can view the full exchange at
             | https://hastebin.com/raw/wolovegiqa
        
               | logicallee wrote:
               | (writing this comment myself by hand)
               | 
               | In case you click through, what I want you to focus on in
               | the transcript is that it came up with the two additional
               | analogies at the end at my request, but I absolutely
               | didn't suggest or introduce what they are specifically
               | and I had no idea what it would come up with. You can't
               | know this, but it's my experience.
               | 
               | Understanding and coming up with analogies is a gold
               | standard of general intelligence, and it also understood
               | my request, which was of a highly generic nature.
               | 
               | You might argue that it could have picked better
               | analogies but I gave it pretty strict requirements to
               | focus on technology companies. At this point we are
               | arguing about whether airplanes really fly like birds, or
               | whether submarines really swim. It's irrelevant. ChatGPT
               | gets from point A to point B which is the point. It's
               | some form of AGI. Just make it a generic request if you
               | don't believe me, ask it to something generic that has
               | never been done before and it'll do a great job at it. Go
               | ahead and see for yourself.
        
               | nradov wrote:
               | The analogies are garbage, not even remotely relevant to
               | the issue. I have tried ChatGPT for myself. It's a great
               | technical achievement, and has some practical value in
               | writing rough drafts on certain limited topics. But you
               | haven't provided any evidence that it is a form of AGI in
               | any meaningful sense.
        
               | logicallee wrote:
               | I believe I have provided evidence it is a form of AGI.
               | It is a generic type of request for it to come up with an
               | analogy and it did so for me. I think arguing over
               | whether it's general AI _is_ quite similar to arguing
               | whether uber is a taxi company. People pay to ride in
               | someone else 's car which gets them from A to B. It came
               | up with that analogy at my request.
               | 
               | You can make chatgpt generic requests and it answers
               | them. just try it if you don't believe me.
               | 
               | I asked it how it would solve not being able to get some
               | cookies off of a high counter if it were a small child,
               | it replied with its plans:
               | 
               | https://hastebin.com/raw/geponewiki
               | 
               | I had it generate a PDF of the latest advances in AI. It
               | gave me something pretty generic and not that insightful.
               | See for yourself:
               | 
               | http://online.verypdf.com/app/sharepdf/?url=http://online
               | .ve...
               | 
               | That is a PDF titled "AI Advances:A Review of the Latest
               | Developments in Artificial Intelligence". Nothing special
               | as far as titles or contents goes. But an AI wrote the
               | whole damn thing.
               | 
               | (Though it couldn't fix the broken formating when I tried
               | to make a latext document out of it.)
               | 
               | But that's not the point. The point is _I asked it to
               | create an executive summary of advances in AI and it did
               | as well as a seventh or eighth grader._
               | 
               | What you really don't understand is you can't just
               | instantly apply the standard of "this thing must be the
               | best at everything and never make any mistake" to be
               | generally intelligent. Ask it some intelligence type of
               | tests of a generic nature.
               | 
               | I mean what's more generic than some new question nobody
               | has any reason to ask and that requires inductive and
               | deductive reasoning to solve?
               | https://hastebin.com/raw/gupevutohe
               | 
               | That's the definition of AGI. I mean what is your
               | standard? What is AGI supposed to do that this thing
               | doesn't do at all?
               | 
               | I just think that this meets my requirements for handling
               | generic arbitrary tasks. Its input and output is language
               | but it is able to think and keep track of complex
               | thoughts including about entirely novel situations. It's
               | usually pretty reasonable.
               | 
               | What more evidence of AGI do you need than that it can
               | solve novel generic tasks it has never encountered
               | before?
        
               | logicallee wrote:
               | Another example of how ChatGPT is general intelligence:
               | 
               | There is a chatgpt detector here:
               | https://detectchatgpt.com/
               | 
               | I asked ChatGPT to write a story (my prompt was just
               | "Write a story about a pumpkin"). ChatGPT wrote a nice
               | story, well, slightly weird, and the chatgptdetector
               | detected it with 99.96% confidence ("We estimate a 99.96%
               | probability that this text was generated by ChatGPT or
               | another GPT variant.") while a visual bar showing its
               | confidence filled up all the way.
               | 
               | I next gave ChatGPT the instruction "Rewrite it so it is
               | not detected as GPT output." (thanks to a tip on Reddit,
               | where I saw this mentioned.)
               | 
               | Bear in mind that ChatGPT is a GPT variant. I am asking
               | it to fool a test that by definition it cannot fool. It
               | would be like asking you to figure out how you can go
               | through a human detector and not be detected as human.
               | 
               | I fully expected the site to identify it despite
               | ChatGPT's best attempt at self-obfuscation since by
               | definition it is still outputing GPT output.
               | 
               | This time it passed the test. The bar dropped from a full
               | 99.96% to just 15%.
               | 
               | It was the same story. ChatGPT just successfully passed
               | the generic request to fool some detection algorithm it
               | knows nothing about.
               | 
               | Do you have any idea how much intelligence that takes? To
               | successfully fool a test, where you don't know how the
               | test works, you don't know which test I'm talking about,
               | you're just trying not to pass as what you really are,
               | which in ChatGPT's case is a GPT variant?
               | 
               | That is the most extraordinary thing I've ever seen any
               | computer do. It is by definition an impossible task -
               | since in reality it is still ChatGPT. How can it fulfill
               | the generic request to no longer be detectable?
               | 
               | I am blown away by the capabilities of this AGI.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Most critically, other components are also failing so you
           | don't get that much more lifespan with unlimited power.
           | 
           | A brush doesn't work well in a zero moisture environment.
           | 
           | The dust is horrifically abrasive and brushing it along the
           | panels would cause damage.
           | 
           | The added weight would have to be compensated for.
        
             | m4rtink wrote:
             | Well, the MERs lasted quite a bit longer & were moving
             | systems. A bit of a shame a static lander can't beat them.
             | :P
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Insight isn't dead just hibernating which both MERs did
               | several times.
               | 
               | If Insight dies then Spirit will have lasted 50% longer
               | and opportunity significantly longer, but both rovers
               | lost quite a bit of functionality over time. So, the
               | difference isn't as stark as you might assume when you
               | consider how much time rovers spent with reduced power or
               | hibernating, stuck, etc.
        
           | funderbus wrote:
           | This is more about "What are you willing to bet the mission
           | on". The mission being a billions of dollars and years of
           | effort. And mission success is defined as working for a
           | limited time. In aerospace "simple" beats "slightly more
           | complex but much better" often.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | This reply completely misses the point. All missions have an
           | expected lifespan. The reason why they didn't use some sort
           | of cleaning system is simply _because it wasn 't needed_. The
           | lander gathered all the data it was expected to, and then
           | some. Why add complexity if it isn't useful?
        
             | mturmon wrote:
             | ^-- This is the answer: this capability wasn't needed to
             | fulfill science objectives. End of story.
             | 
             | To add context: InSight was proposed to a cost-capped,
             | competitive NASA program. Within competed programs, you
             | can't spend money on nice-to-have's. You have to come in
             | under a cost cap, while demonstrating you will achieve
             | science objectives. Period.
             | 
             | The science objectives are carefully time-bound by a very
             | knowledgeable science team, and from those _science_
             | requirements, all the engineering requirements, including
             | lifetimes, are derived. InSight didn 't need more than one
             | Mars year for the science, so that's that.
             | 
             | There were 2 instruments. In the case of the heat probe,
             | they needed to observe at least one full annual heating
             | cycle. For the seismograph, I think they had an approximate
             | event rate and they needed to capture X number of events of
             | a given magnitude to get insight (heh!) into the subsurface
             | structure.
             | 
             | Here's a description of how this works in general, from
             | someone who was involved in InSight formulation and who is
             | in the leadership of mission formulation at JPL:
             | 
             | https://science.nasa.gov/science-red/s3fs-
             | public/atoms/files...
             | 
             | The whole presentation is great: the first introductory
             | slides, some InSight examples, and the last 3 slides in
             | particular give background on some of my claims above.
             | 
             | The person who (with the PI, Bruce Banerdt) led the InSight
             | "requirements trace" is Peg Frerking (https://scholar.googl
             | e.com/citations?user=t6XZBAIAAAAJ&hl=en), who is now a JPL
             | fellow in part because of her work in adding engineering
             | rigor to the formulation process.
             | 
             | As this thread shows, it's very easy for clever engineers
             | to add on nice-to-have's that _are not required to meet
             | science objectives_. That 's how you get overruns.
             | 
             | Here's another recent HN reference point on capabilities
             | that don't contribute to a great product:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34032672 [Steve Jobs
             | Insult Response]
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | Not only complexity, also _weight_ - and for spacecraft,
             | every gram you can shave off matters...
        
           | ericbarrett wrote:
           | I agree with you, and I think the other replies are missing
           | your point. With all the techno-marvels around us, it's a
           | shame that lightweight, reliable robotics that can do
           | something as superficially simple as brush some panels don't
           | exist. Just goes to show how hard the field is, I guess.
        
             | logicallee wrote:
             | Yeah, they really don't get what I meant which is probably
             | my failure to communicate.
             | 
             | It's like me saying "It's a shame I can't save myself a few
             | minutes every day by having a robot make my sandwiches for
             | me, since there is no such thing as a cheap household robot
             | that can easily make a sandwich from its ingredients put
             | before it" and them saying, "nono there totally are they
             | just cost too much so it doesn't make sense and you don't
             | understand anything about the intrinsic difficulty of
             | sandwich assembly in a zero-person environment". Okay fine
             | but end result is I'm still making my own sandwich in 2022
             | :) End result is this mars rover can't do $2 worth of human
             | work because it can't brush itself off, it is easier to add
             | larger solar panels than brush them off since there's no
             | such thing as a cheap lightweight easy reliable robot arm.
        
           | adamsmith143 wrote:
           | You did it, you solved RObotics! Someone get this guy a Nobel
           | Prize!! JPL Engineers are no match for his staggering
           | intellect!
        
           | gpderetta wrote:
           | "A high resolution picture of the Insight Mars Rover on mars,
           | with a simple, light weight and foolproof robotic arm
           | brushing sand off its solar panels, in the style of Greg
           | Rutkowski and Alphonse Mucha, 4k, trending on artstation"
        
           | blululu wrote:
           | I would suspect that the problem is more difficult than you
           | make it out to be. First, Mars is very windy/dusty. Second,
           | there is no water so brushing dust is harder than on earth.
           | Add in the increased static cling and dust ingress into the
           | motors and it is not clear to me that brushing is actually
           | viable on mars without a lot of extra engineering (and teams
           | to figure all this out). I'm sure this decision was made with
           | a good e evaluation since they did make the choice to add
           | more panels which has its own downsides. There might even be
           | some interesting papers out ther.
        
             | m4rtink wrote:
             | What about compressing some of the atmosphere and then
             | releasing it repeatedly from close proximity over the dusty
             | panels?
             | 
             | Given the very low atmosphereric pressure on Mars, a bit of
             | gas at terrestrial sea level pressure equivalent would do
             | wonders.
             | 
             | As for downsides - you need a compressor and some filtering
             | to avoid clogging your gas system with dust (thats likely
             | the main obstacle).
             | 
             | Still doable IMHO and I'm sure followup probes and
             | eventually settlements will find how to handle Martian dust
             | efficiently.
        
         | input_sh wrote:
         | I don't see that thread claiming that it's not possible, just
         | that it wasn't the most practical choice for this particular
         | rover.
        
           | grawp wrote:
           | Insight is NOT a rover. It's stationary unmovable lander.
        
           | delecti wrote:
           | It's possible for the solar panels on rovers to be self-
           | cleaning, but it's not possible for the solar panels
           | specifically on Insight to be self-cleaned.
        
         | zackmorris wrote:
         | I don't buy it. There are so many ways to solve the problem
         | that wouldn't add significant weight, that there must be some
         | ulterior motive. And there is.
         | 
         | NASA plans obsolescence into the rovers to get funding to build
         | the next rover.
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | This type of arrogant, aggressive ignorance is really the
           | worst part of HN. How many successful space probes have you
           | designed? How much weight would the solution add, and what
           | trade-offs would that impose on other mission parameters?
           | 
           | NASA is by no means perfect. But we can start by assuming
           | they have basic competence and positive intent unless proven
           | otherwise.
        
             | zackmorris wrote:
             | I'm not doubting their competence, they're the best of the
             | best IMHO. But sometimes politics and economics overshadows
             | the work.
        
           | wolpoli wrote:
           | Yeah. I don't doubt the skill of the NASA engineering team.
           | They could definitely solve this problem if they were asked
           | to design the power system to last longer.
        
         | Communitivity wrote:
         | I am seeing a lot of comments along the lines of 'windshield
         | wipers?'
         | 
         | Cars were invented in 1886, the first windshield wipers became
         | available for them in 1917, 31 years later. That is...
         | 
         | - in an environment with plenty of water - not near waterless,
         | 
         | - on glass windshields (much less fragile than solar panels),
         | 
         | - where we can physically replace the wipers when needed,
         | 
         | - where we can adjust if they get stuck,
         | 
         | - and where there is much less dust.
         | 
         | If we add 5 years of R&D to overcome each of those obstacles
         | (very optimistic, it's more like 10 well-funded years I
         | suspect), then even optimistically we're looking at 25 years. I
         | suspect we might have a rover with self-cleaning panels, or
         | safe cold-fusion, in 25 years. I don't expect one this decade.
        
           | Mistletoe wrote:
           | That's the most bizarre math I've ever seen. Once you've
           | designed something once it's a lot faster to design over and
           | over.
        
             | Communitivity wrote:
             | Each one of those bullets is a different engineering
             | problem. The math is based on real government R&D I've
             | seen.
             | 
             | "Once you've designed something once it's a lot faster to
             | design over and over".
             | 
             | You forgot the last part of that sentence: Once you've
             | designed something once it's a lot faster to design over
             | and over, if you are in a similar environment with somewhat
             | similar conditions.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | > government R&D I've seen
               | 
               | oh, now i understand the math
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | The tweet thread itself doesn't say that using self cleaning
           | panels would be impossible, or even that hard, just that it's
           | easier and more cost effective to just bring bigger panels.
           | Not of your bullet points seem that relevant honestly - using
           | an equivalent of a leaf blower would do the trick. But any
           | added complexity to a mission just means there are more
           | failure points.
        
             | jws wrote:
             | With an atmospheric density 1/150th that of Earth, the
             | engineering of a leaf blower might be tricky. Clearly the
             | atmosphere can move dust, but you might hit speed of sound
             | problems in your turbine.
             | 
             | Someone should spend a couple years doing some PhD work on
             | Martian dust blowing turbine designs, but not burn out
             | completely so they can write a 1000 word, interesting blog
             | post with some pretty pictures for me to consume.
        
               | rob74 wrote:
               | Also, you would have to carefully weigh if using the
               | blower would not consume more energy than you stand to
               | gain by clearing the panels...
        
         | billfor wrote:
         | This makes wonder about solar roofs and efficiency over time.
         | For example I don't see anything immediately obvious about how
         | a Tesla Solar Roof might degrade over time due to dust and
         | debris, but it stands to reason that it should. It seems like
         | it should be easier to find this type of information on solar
         | panels given the emphasis.
        
           | rob74 wrote:
           | Well, your solar roof won't be on Mars. Here on Earth, you
           | have rain from time to time in most places. And even in the
           | middle of a desert, you can simply wipe the panels clean once
           | the dust storm has passed...
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Yeah, I'm not walking around on a pitched glass-surfaced
             | roof that may be slimy with mold. Ever seen what a window
             | eventually looks like in a humid climate if it hasn't been
             | cleaned? Rain can wash off some surface dust but it doesn't
             | really clean beyond that. Maybe this isn't as much of a
             | problem in a desert.
        
         | photochemsyn wrote:
         | Given the success of the helicopter drone (Ingenuity) on Mars,
         | I wonder if that's an option for cleaning solar panels - i.e.
         | put a simple rotating brush/fan system on the drone, keep it in
         | a port on the main lander, and every once in a while, launch it
         | and have it land on the solar panels, where it does a roomba
         | routine.
         | 
         | Since drones already expand the abilities of a lander, i.e.
         | exploring the immediate area and collecting samples, this
         | wouldn't be much of an added cost.
        
           | kitd wrote:
           | Or have the drone fly low over the panels, making use of the
           | down-draught.
        
         | Mistletoe wrote:
         | Who decided to anthropomorphize the rover like that? It's
         | creepy and honestly scientifically dishonest, like the rover
         | has intelligence and is writing the posts. Something for
         | children, but children hate being fooled like that and being
         | talked down to. It's something I might expect from the current
         | version of NASA though.
        
           | brrwind wrote:
           | It's... the twitter profile of the rover, it's not that big
           | of a deal
        
           | Toutouxc wrote:
           | I don't find it any more disturbing than buying car tires
           | from the Michelin tire guy (he's actually called Bibendum) or
           | getting batteries with the Duracell Bunny on them. Some
           | people, even educated and technically inclined people, like
           | their tech a little anthropomorphised.
        
         | wazoox wrote:
         | It's pretty amazing to think it still works with the panels as
         | covered in dust as they are in the last frame!
        
           | jws wrote:
           | Solar panel output is remarkably resilient to visible dirt. I
           | have an installation on a seagull rookery. As you can imagine
           | things get thoroughly "whitewashed", especially since the top
           | edge of the angled array is prime "standing around squawking
           | and crapping" space. They can be covered to the point that
           | there isn't a clean spot the size of your fist anywhere on
           | them and they will still be putting out 75% of their rated
           | power.
           | 
           | I suspect it has something to do with the non-linear response
           | of the human eye. You don't have to reflect a lot of light to
           | be perceived as significantly lighter than black, so
           | diverting 25% of the light from the panel to reflected light
           | makes the panel look quite light.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | I dislike the Twitter UX so much, it's not clear to me if the
         | "thread" only contains 2 tweets or if I'm too dumb to navigate
         | this shitshow of a UI. Constantly being bombarded with popups
         | doesn't help the UX either.
        
           | snvzz wrote:
           | Nitter got you covered.
        
             | HWR_14 wrote:
             | I thought Nitter stopped working sometime after Musk's
             | takeover. Maybe just the specific mirror I used?
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | Nitter works sometimes depending on which host you hit
               | and when. Nitter.net hasn't worked me all day, but there
               | are others that do. Nitter.cz seems to be working right
               | now.
               | 
               | https://nitter.cz/NASAInSight/status/1590736220199735296#
               | m
        
               | ancientworldnow wrote:
               | It still works fine, though it's largely dependent upon
               | an api that may be retired.
        
           | coffeeblack wrote:
           | New Twitter will soon get long-form Tweets to address that
           | problem.
           | 
           | Amazing how in 15 years they never managed to fix this UX
           | issue, despite have ten times more people than they actually
           | needed.
        
           | nsriv wrote:
           | The line connecting the profile pictures on the left
           | indicates the thread's continuation.
        
           | btgeekboy wrote:
           | It's just the two below it. Beyond that are replies to the
           | first message.
        
         | prettyStandard wrote:
         | They would rather contribute that cost&weight&complexity to
         | just more solar cells. Got it.
        
         | ilyt wrote:
         | So its essentially "the system needs to be cheap and light
         | enough to beat bringing more panels"
        
           | dougmany wrote:
           | I remember calculating the cost efficiency of adding a sun
           | tracking mount to some panels. It turned out that the
           | increased power would be about the same as adding an
           | additional panel and one panel was cheaper than the mount.
           | The mount also would only help half the year and the extra
           | panel would help the whole year.
        
             | implements wrote:
             | If your array is at ground level it still might be worth
             | being able to manually adjust the mounting angle for
             | different seasons (high sun / low sun).
        
             | andrewflnr wrote:
             | But would the sun-tracking mount also let you shed dust
             | buildup? That might make it worth it for long term
             | missions. My next idea after blowers for removing dust was
             | to just flip the panel vertical for a bit...
        
         | MobileVet wrote:
         | If only there was a simple mechanism, maybe a four bar linkage,
         | with trillions of cycles of testing... it would have to be
         | light weight and include some form of brush or wiper and
         | function with significant forces applied, similar to wind from
         | a moving vehicle...
         | 
         | I guess the downside of having JPL in SoCal is that none of the
         | engineers are familiar with windshield wipers. <jk>
        
           | adamsmith143 wrote:
           | "A system like that would have added cost, mass, and
           | complexity. The simplest, most cost-effective way to meet my
           | goals was to bring solar panels big enough to power my whole
           | mission - which they did (and then some!)."
        
             | MobileVet wrote:
             | It was a joke... simplicity is always best.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | thathndude wrote:
       | I know these are inanimate objects and we shouldn't humanize
       | them. Blame XKCD, I suppose. But I feel a connection to these
       | robots, and I pray that one day we can go to Mars and erect them
       | a place of honor or bring them "home" to a Smithsonian.
       | 
       | They are a testament to the best of our space programs and the
       | men and women who work in them. It's amazing how well some of
       | these machines overperformed.
        
         | noisy_boy wrote:
         | These are the last of the "faithful" ones before AI driven ones
         | make these obsolete. I am already feeling nostalgic for these
         | "dependable and hardworking" robots in advance.
        
         | penguin_booze wrote:
         | I was suddenly reminded of Alex the African Gray Parrot's dying
         | words: "You Be Good, See You Tomorrow. I Love You".
         | 
         | https://www.wired.com/2007/09/super-smart-par/
        
           | matrix12 wrote:
           | Not Dying words. Merely the same thing he said every day when
           | put in his cage. Died in his sleep.
        
         | ape4 wrote:
         | And Wall-E https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0910970/
        
         | Avshalom wrote:
         | >>we shouldn't humanize them
         | 
         | Nah, our ability and willingness to develop empathy and
         | emotional connections to dogs, bugs, robots, small rocks...
         | It's one of our best traits.
        
           | armatav wrote:
           | Yup - big part of what makes us human
        
         | jcims wrote:
         | I fully expect to see one of the rovers to be at the
         | Smithsonian before I die, and I'm almost 50 sooo chop chop!
        
           | intrasight wrote:
           | But I expect that Musk will keep it in his private collection
           | ;)
        
       | dctoedt wrote:
       | Update: NASA has declared the mission over because InSight didn't
       | respond to two successive contact requests.
       | 
       | https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-retires-insight-mars...
       | 
       | https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/space/ar...
        
       | slowhand09 wrote:
       | Relevant. https://xkcd.com/695/
        
         | BrandoElFollito wrote:
         | I hate this particular strip (not xkcd of course (which is 60%
         | of the time wonderful) but this specific one).
         | 
         | It anthropomorphises the Rover and we have enough sad news from
         | all over the place to also start to worry about that machine
         | (not even an AI). The next one will be Voyager who is all alone
         | in empty space or whatnot. It is enough that I speak to my
         | computer already.
        
         | kirubakaran wrote:
         | Alternate ending https://i.imgur.com/VbKV9DF.jpeg
        
       | ColinWright wrote:
       | Obligatory XKCD: https://xkcd.com/695/
        
         | DrThunder wrote:
        
       | imhoguy wrote:
       | Couldn't it stay somehow hibernated until it collects enough
       | sunrays to reconnect in the future? I see the dust cover on
       | photos is really thick, but just hypothetically would it be even
       | possible for probe to be dormant for years and then reactivated?
        
         | MRtecno98 wrote:
         | Even doing nothing but collecting energy the probe needs to
         | consume some power to e.g. keep the batteries at not cryogenic
         | temperatures, so if the panels' energy output goes below this
         | minimum the probe can't really shut down itself without
         | damaging its internals
        
       | prettyStandard wrote:
       | I'm confused on why the end state for all these rovers is to
       | loose power because of dust on the solar cells. They did such a
       | good job engineering these things to survive the trip and the
       | conditions in general, but they can't give them "windshield
       | wipers for dust"? Seems like with that minor upgrade they could
       | have much longer lifespan.
       | 
       | Can someone enlighten me?
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | Dust is a factor, but so is cold and diminishing solar. My
         | guess is that the dust isnt a problem until late in the season,
         | and by then they hope to have gotten all the data they came
         | for.
         | 
         | IIRC, one of the reasons the MER rovers lasted so much longer
         | is the dust clearance from wind, which was much more than
         | expected. Perhaps Insight counted on more clearing than they
         | got.
         | 
         | I'd just go ask their Project Scientist on Twitter.
         | @MarkPanning
        
         | Baeocystin wrote:
         | It costs a lot of time and money simply to keep a mission
         | operating, and these are scarce resources that need to be used
         | for every active mission, old or new. Missions are thus planned
         | for very specific lifetimes. On an organizational level,
         | missions that live too long past their due date cause a lot of
         | problems, too.
         | 
         | This isn't cynicism- it's just the reality of trying to
         | absolutely maximize the science return per scarce dollar spent.
         | I personally would love it if ultimate lifespan was a feasible
         | goal for every mission. So would pretty much everyone! But it
         | isn't.
        
         | yummypaint wrote:
         | I once (around 2010) worked with a nasa designed system for
         | electrically clearing solar panels. It was basically a 3-phase
         | arrangement of transparent indium tin oxide electrodes on the
         | surface of the panels. By supplying high voltage AC, both
         | conductive and insulating particles can be removed by various
         | mechanisms. I thought it worked quite well and keep expecting
         | to see it in the wild somewhere. Maybe it's still in the
         | pipeline somewhere.
        
         | idlewords wrote:
         | They gave Curiosity and Perserverance a plutonium power source
         | to avoid this issue.
         | 
         | My experience with "why don't they just X" for space stuff is
         | that there's almost always a technical paper on it. This looks
         | like a comprehensive review of different approaches to cleaning
         | solar panels on rovers:
         | 
         | "Cleaning Mechanisms for Solar Panels of Rovers and Other
         | Extraterrestrial Unmanned Vehicles"
         | https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2019-3452
        
         | arriu wrote:
         | Same reason the rockets NASA uses are not reusable. It's not
         | part of the mission.
         | 
         | Yes, it's short sighted but unfortunately a result of extreme
         | budget constraints.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | theandrewbailey wrote:
         | Spirit and Opportunity lasted for much longer (6 and 14 years,
         | respectively), aided by periodic winds that blew dust off the
         | solar panels. It appears that Insight's location doesn't
         | receive many of these compared to others.
         | 
         | https://www.sciencealert.com/nasa-s-insight-lander-enters-hi...
        
           | grawp wrote:
           | Spirit and Opportunity were rovers and constantly changing
           | place and position. Insight is NOT a rover. It is an
           | unmovable lander.
        
         | mhb wrote:
         | Oliver Wendell Holmes can
         | (http://holyjoe.org/poetry/holmes1.htm):
         | 
         | The Deacon's Masterpiece or, the Wonderful "One-hoss Shay": A
         | Logical Story
         | 
         | Have you heard of the wonderful one-hoss shay,
         | 
         | That was built in such a logical way
         | 
         | It ran a hundred years to a day,
         | 
         | And then, of a sudden, it -- ah, but stay,
         | 
         | I'll tell you what happened without delay,
         | 
         | Scaring the parson into fits,
         | 
         | Frightening people out of their wits, --
         | 
         | Have you ever heard of that, I say?
         | 
         | Seventeen hundred and fifty-five.
         | 
         | Georgius Secundus was then alive, --
         | 
         | Snuffy old drone from the German hive.
         | 
         | That was the year when Lisbon-town
         | 
         | Saw the earth open and gulp her down,
         | 
         | And Braddock's army was done so brown,
         | 
         | Left without a scalp to its crown.
         | 
         | It was on the terrible Earthquake-day
         | 
         | That the Deacon finished the one-hoss shay.
         | 
         | Now in building of chaises, I tell you what,
         | 
         | There is always somewhere a weakest spot, --
         | 
         | In hub, tire, felloe, in spring or thill,
         | 
         | In panel, or crossbar, or floor, or sill,
         | 
         | In screw, bolt, thoroughbrace, -- lurking still,
         | 
         | Find it somewhere you must and will, --
         | 
         | Above or below, or within or without, --
         | 
         | And that's the reason, beyond a doubt,
         | 
         | A chaise breaks down, but doesn't wear out.
         | 
         | But the Deacon swore (as Deacons do,
         | 
         | With an "I dew vum," or an "I tell yeou")
         | 
         | He would build one shay to beat the taown
         | 
         | 'N' the keounty 'n' all the kentry raoun';
         | 
         | It should be so built that it couldn' break daown:
         | 
         | "Fur," said the Deacon, "'tis mighty plain
         | 
         | Thut the weakes' place mus' stan' the strain;
         | 
         | 'N' the way t' fix it, uz I maintain,
         | 
         | Is only jest T' make that place uz strong uz the rest."
         | 
         | So the Deacon inquired of the village folk
         | 
         | Where he could find the strongest oak,
         | 
         | That couldn't be split nor bent nor broke, --
         | 
         | That was for spokes and floor and sills;
         | 
         | He sent for lancewood to make the thills;
         | 
         | The crossbars were ash, from the straightest trees,
         | 
         | The panels of white-wood, that cuts like cheese,
         | 
         | But lasts like iron for things like these;
         | 
         | The hubs of logs from the "Settler's ellum," --
         | 
         | Last of its timber, -- they couldn't sell 'em,
         | 
         | Never an axe had seen their chips,
         | 
         | And the wedges flew from between their lips,
         | 
         | Their blunt ends frizzled like celery-tips;
         | 
         | Step and prop-iron, bolt and screw,
         | 
         | Spring, tire, axle, and linchpin too,
         | 
         | Steel of the finest, bright and blue;
         | 
         | Thoroughbrace bison-skin, thick and wide;
         | 
         | Boot, top, dasher, from tough old hide
         | 
         | Found in the pit when the tanner died.
         | 
         | That was the way he "put her through."
         | 
         | "There!" said the Deacon, "naow she'll dew!"
         | 
         | Do! I tell you, I rather guess
         | 
         | She was a wonder, and nothing less!
         | 
         | Colts grew horses, beards turned gray,
         | 
         | Deacon and deaconess dropped away,
         | 
         | Children and grandchildren -- where were they?
         | 
         | But there stood the stout old one-hoss shay
         | 
         | As fresh as on Lisbon-earthquake-day!
         | 
         | EIGHTEEN HUNDRED; -- it came and found
         | 
         | The Deacon's masterpiece strong and sound.
         | 
         | Eighteen hundred increased by ten; --
         | 
         | "Hahnsum kerridge" they called it then.
         | 
         | Eighteen hundred and twenty came; --
         | 
         | Running as usual; much the same.
         | 
         | Thirty and forty at last arrive,
         | 
         | And then come fifty, and FIFTY-FIVE.
         | 
         | Little of all we value here
         | 
         | Wakes on the morn of its hundreth year
         | 
         | Without both feeling and looking queer.
         | 
         | In fact, there's nothing that keeps its youth,
         | 
         | So far as I know, but a tree and truth.
         | 
         | (This is a moral that runs at large;
         | 
         | Take it. -- You're welcome. -- No extra charge.)
         | 
         | FIRST OF NOVEMBER, -- the Earthquake-day, --
         | 
         | There are traces of age in the one-hoss shay,
         | 
         | A general flavor of mild decay,
         | 
         | But nothing local, as one may say.
         | 
         | There couldn't be, -- for the Deacon's art
         | 
         | Had made it so like in every part
         | 
         | That there wasn't a chance for one to start.
         | 
         | For the wheels were just as strong as the thills,
         | 
         | And the floor was just as strong as the sills,
         | 
         | And the panels just as strong as the floor,
         | 
         | And the whipple-tree neither less nor more,
         | 
         | And the back crossbar as strong as the fore,
         | 
         | And spring and axle and hub encore.
         | 
         | And yet, as a whole, it is past a doubt
         | 
         | In another hour it will be worn out!
         | 
         | First of November, 'Fifty-five!
         | 
         | This morning the parson takes a drive.
         | 
         | Now, small boys, get out of the way!
         | 
         | Here comes the wonderful one-hoss shay,
         | 
         | Drawn by a rat-tailed, ewe-necked bay.
         | 
         | "Huddup!" said the parson. -- Off went they.
         | 
         | The parson was working his Sunday's text, --
         | 
         | Had got to fifthly, and stopped perplexed
         | 
         | At what the -- Moses -- was coming next.
         | 
         | All at once the horse stood still,
         | 
         | Close by the meet'n'-house on the hill.
         | 
         | First a shiver, and then a thrill,
         | 
         | Then something decidedly like a spill, --
         | 
         | And the parson was sitting upon a rock,
         | 
         | At half past nine by the meet'n-house clock, --
         | 
         | Just the hour of the Earthquake shock!
         | 
         | What do you think the parson found,
         | 
         | When he got up and stared around?
         | 
         | The poor old chaise in a heap or mound,
         | 
         | As if it had been to the mill and ground!
         | 
         | You see, of course, if you're not a dunce,
         | 
         | How it went to pieces all at once, --
         | 
         | All at once, and nothing first, --
         | 
         | Just as bubbles do when they burst.
         | 
         | End of the wonderful one-hoss shay.
         | 
         | Logic is logic. That's all I say.
        
         | bamboozled wrote:
         | Windshield wipers add weight and complexity but more
         | importantly add to the budget.
         | 
         | These things are designed only to serve the mission.
         | 
         | This rover was designed to last 1 year and went for 4 so it's a
         | pretty good result.
         | 
         | Some good discussion here [1] on Astronomy Cast regarding this
         | topic and potential solutions NASA is working on. Such as an
         | electrostatic dust blaster.
         | 
         | 1. https://podcasts.apple.com/vu/podcast/astronomy-cast-
         | ep-661-...
        
           | thereddaikon wrote:
           | Seems a bit shortsighted to me. Given that if they avoid a
           | catastrophic failure before landing these things seems to
           | consistently last beyond the originally planned mission, they
           | should be building them with mission extensions in mind.
           | 
           | Not putting all your eggs in one basket of course. Shit
           | happens and probes are still lost even today. But a simple
           | device to remove dust such as a vibration function, a small
           | blower fan or something else seems to be a major value add.
           | 
           | Even if it costs $1 million extra to do, it costs far more to
           | build the rover and send it there so you are still saving
           | money.
        
             | scottLobster wrote:
             | You're assuming that there's funding for an extended
             | mission, or that said funding wouldn't be better used on
             | other initiatives, or even within the mission that the
             | opportunity cost is worth it.
             | 
             | At the end of the day the best way to ensure mission
             | success is to put the mission first, not future missions,
             | not "nice to haves", put every dollar you have into making
             | the prescribed mission as perfect as possible. You're
             | suggesting the equivalent of "Navy SEALs sometimes get
             | caught in larger than expected firefights, so each man
             | should lug an extra 1000 rounds of spare ammo into combat
             | just in case". And they could, but that would slow them
             | down and endanger the immediate mission, even if only
             | slightly.
             | 
             | The opportunity cost of that million dollars could be that
             | testing is slightly less extensive and that a minor flaw
             | goes undetected, or other work is rushed because the
             | engineers were busy getting the wipers to work properly. It
             | could also be that there's no interesting science to do in
             | that area even with an extended mission, so the mission
             | extension turns out to be completely worthless.
             | 
             | It's a different mindset than most engineers are used to,
             | because we're used to users having vague desires and needs
             | that even when well defined are somewhat ambiguous, so we
             | plan generic solutions for a bunch of different edge cases
             | and assume things will be used in ways other than what
             | they're intended. And we all like building durable stuff
             | that lasts the test of time. But when you're building a
             | missile you don't care about minor memory leaks, and these
             | probes are essentially science-missiles.
        
               | thereddaikon wrote:
               | Show me a Mars rover that was still functioning but
               | didn't get a mission extension so was just left to do
               | nothing and decay. I doubt you will. If they are still
               | working they are practically guaranteed a mission
               | extension because the cost of continuing to operate a
               | rover that you have already placed on mars and paid for
               | is marginal relative to the mission. The most expensive
               | part is designing and building the probe and then getting
               | it there.
               | 
               | >At the end of the day the best way to ensure mission
               | success is to put the mission first, not future missions,
               | not "nice to haves", put every dollar you have into
               | making the prescribed mission as perfect as possible.
               | You're suggesting the equivalent of "Navy SEALs sometimes
               | get caught in larger than expected firefights, so each
               | man should lug an extra 1000 rounds of spare ammo into
               | combat just in case". And they could, but that would slow
               | them down and endanger the immediate mission, even if
               | only slightly.
               | 
               | That's a massive exaggeration. I am not advocating for a
               | contingency to every possible failure mode. I am pointing
               | out that we clearly have one very common failure mode
               | that can be solved and likely get us far more utility for
               | little investment.
               | 
               | If you are going to compare it to Navy Seals, what I am
               | suggesting is more akin to "Navy Seals can get shot.
               | That's not good and these are highly trained specialists
               | that don't grow on trees, we should probably give them
               | body armor to give them a chance to survive being shot."
               | And we do give them body armor. Yes it adds weight. Yes
               | it costs more money. But more come home to complete more
               | missions.
               | 
               | Yes a mechanical solution to remove dust from panels adds
               | weight and cost but it can be the difference between an
               | otherwise functional probe dying one day due to low power
               | or dying years later once its electronics fail.
        
               | grawp wrote:
               | Insight is NOT a rover. It's unmovable lander. There's so
               | much less to gain post primary mission. And last two
               | rovers outgrown solar panels anyway and are powered by
               | thermoelectric generators powered by radioactive decay.
        
               | scottLobster wrote:
               | And just because they get that extension doesn't mean
               | they discover anything useful. We don't just chuck stuff
               | at Mars randomly, landing site are chosen for specific
               | reasons to do specific science. Sure it's possible
               | there's something in a navigable vicinity worth checking
               | out, but also just as likely not. And if there is it
               | should be included in the mission as a secondary
               | objective and the probe specced accordingly.
               | 
               | And yes, the most expensive part is designing and
               | building the probe, that includes designing purely custom
               | wipers/vibrators/whatever, hardening them for space so
               | they survive the journey, testing and iterating them in
               | Mars-like and space-like conditions, all on a limited
               | budget that has to build the rest of the probe to the
               | same exacting standards, all for the possibility that
               | there's something outside of the mission scope worth
               | doing. Intuitively wipers and vibrators seem like cheap
               | commodity hardware because we have them everywhere and
               | economies of scale to support them, so why not slap them
               | on? But that doesn't apply to bespoke things like Mars
               | Rovers.
               | 
               | There are constraints your analysis is not taking into
               | account, there's likely also internal NASA constraints
               | that neither of us know about. It's an appeal to
               | authority, but I'm going to assume the engineers at NASA
               | JPL who have decades of experience
               | building/launching/landing Mars rovers have considered
               | the tradeoffs of wipers/dust removal mechanisms for this
               | specific mission.
               | 
               | If you're asking why they don't add them I've provided
               | some speculative reasoning based on my experience in
               | adjacent industries. If you're arguing that they missed
               | an obvious design flaw and you know how to build a better
               | Mars rover, within their constraints, maybe, but given
               | NASA JPL's track record I have my doubts.
        
               | thereddaikon wrote:
               | >If you're asking why they don't add them I've provided
               | some speculative reasoning based on my experience in
               | adjacent industries.
               | 
               | See, I don't see it that way. You didn't state it as
               | "here are some possible reasons". You formed your
               | argument as "this is why what you are proposing is
               | wrong". Without actually being an authority on it and
               | knowing if that's true.
               | 
               | Neither am I. But we should be able to discuss
               | hypotheticals and come up with ideas as to possible
               | solutions and their drawbacks. I'm sure there are very
               | good reasons why they don't include them. But, having
               | worked in the aerospace industry although nothing to do
               | with NASA or spaceprobes, I find arguments about budget
               | or building just to the mission unsatisfactory. I'm
               | pretty sure there is an engineering challenge that makes
               | it unworkable or unpractical and you and I are just
               | ignorant to it.
               | 
               | There are obvious benefits to the ability to clean solar
               | panels on Mars. And Space probes tend to be more over
               | engineered than people give them credit for. Yes they are
               | built to extreme margins to optimize capability for low
               | weight. But that capability is great. We are talking
               | about the same engineers who replaced the perfectly
               | workable airbag solution for the skycrane which was far
               | more complicated a solution because it promised to land
               | the vehicle softer and give it a better chance of making
               | it to surface unbroken.
               | 
               | So I can only conclude that there is some kind of
               | engineering problem that prevents it. Maybe Mars dust is
               | more like Moon dust that dirt on Earth and its akin to
               | tiny razors? Brushing it off could damage the solar
               | panels.
               | 
               | That's just me spitballing.
        
           | brnt wrote:
           | They add weight, but also may extend the mission, meaning for
           | science for buck. NASA rovers outlast their no doubt
           | conservatively estimated life expectancy consistently.
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | Well, you give a mission plan of one year, and design a
             | rover to fit that plan. And because you don't want to fail,
             | you engineer everything to have a tiny failure rate in the
             | first year. That also makes the systems likely to work for
             | many more years, but that's just a side effect. You have
             | only explicitly designed and spent money on that first
             | year. Taking funding from that first year to add a system
             | that only becomes useful in year three is a completely
             | different matter, and likely much harder to greenlight.
        
               | ansible wrote:
               | Also, something not explicitly stated in this thread is
               | that most of the most important science happens in the
               | first year the rover / lander is there on Mars. You
               | really want that first year to be successful, and
               | anything beyond that is bonus.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | Sure, but you also learn from experience. If it turns out
               | dust on panels is usually the limiting factor, and the
               | rover otherwise stay in good shape well beyond
               | expectations, a mitigation for the dust may be an
               | effective solution in reliably operation lifetime and
               | thus mission scope.
        
             | Retric wrote:
             | Every component runs into issues, look at how many rover's
             | wheels had issues before the panels failed.
        
           | yreg wrote:
           | The rover was designed to last one Mars year and went for two
           | Mars years. Good result either way.
        
           | stavros wrote:
           | But why windshield wipers? The panels look like they extended
           | somehow, so why can't we simply retract them so that enough
           | dust falls off?
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | > so why can't we simply retract them so that enough dust
             | falls off?
             | 
             | Thus scratching the delicate surfaces of the panels, as
             | well as requiring a retraction motor and associated devices
             | that have their own failure modes.
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | I don't buy the "solar panels can be scratched" argument
               | when they're routinely surviving dust storms much more
               | violent than that. I also don't buy the "you need a motor
               | et. al. for retraction" when the one that already exists
               | for extension could likely also be used for retraction -
               | or at least enough of it to give the panels a nice shake.
               | 
               | What I do buy is that panelshaking of this sort uses
               | energy that would be in short supply if the panels are
               | sufficiently blocked to require it. That doesn't seem
               | impossible to solve, either, but I don't blame NASA for
               | not feeling the need to solve it when they already
               | designed and built InSight to exceed its mission
               | parameters.
        
             | BitwiseFool wrote:
             | I believe the answer is that a brushing mechanism would
             | scrape the glass, and some of the dust gets adhered due to
             | static electricity. I've also heard speculation that
             | diminishing returns are a significant concern when it comes
             | to a dust removal mechanism because of the reasons above.
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | (1) they were intended to last for three months and (2) dust is
         | extremely static and there is no really good way there to get
         | rid of this static charge, (3) dust is pretty sharp
         | ('abrasive') and will scratch the surface of the cells if
         | removed mechanically.
        
           | danw1979 wrote:
           | Regarding (1), almost all of these Mars robots seem to do
           | useful science well beyond the end of the stated mission, I
           | think the OP was suggesting that maybe it's time we start
           | trying out solutions for much longer duration missions ?
           | 
           | (2) - could it be possible to introduce an oppositely static
           | charged layer on the panel surface to repel dust to stop it
           | settling in the first place ?
        
             | bnralt wrote:
             | > almost all of these Mars robots seem to do useful science
             | well beyond the end of the stated mission
             | 
             | How are we defining "useful science" here? They all do some
             | kind of scientific investigations, but it's hard to say if
             | it's useful or not. If you look at coverage or discussions
             | about the lander (including here), people get very excited
             | about the landings, and somewhat excited about the
             | pictures. The science almost never gets discussed. Even
             | when NASA tries to hype it up, it seems the most important
             | stuff they have is continually telling us they found Mars
             | has some water and used to be wet, and that there's the
             | possibility there once was life on Mars.
             | 
             | People seem enamored with the idea that we're sending
             | things to Mars and doing "something." But there doesn't
             | seem to be a lot of concern about what that "something"
             | actually is.
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | It is a bit like asking how exactly does the XGB matrix
               | build in stable diffusion create images. We know the end
               | result that is produced, but we can't pick a single
               | number and talk about what it contributes to the overall
               | algorithm. I would even guess that you could replace any
               | single number with another random value within the
               | appropriate range and you wouldn't be able to tell which
               | AI was before and after. The links each item serves is
               | too complex to work out.
               | 
               | In the same way, any single 'act of science' can be hard
               | to measure. They enable some experiments, which allow us
               | to test some hypothesis. In some cases it is simple
               | enough to point out when it is testing hypothesis that
               | end up benefitting humanity, but that's only part of the
               | effect. Many times a hypothesis is either rejected or
               | fails to be rejected and slightly influences a larger
               | theory which in turn is used to create new hypothesis.
               | This creates a circular reference until some time later
               | we end up with a theory that is useful for improving
               | humanity. But which hypothesis were actually pivotal to
               | forming the theory? Which acts of science allowed testing
               | a hypothesis and receiving a clear enough failure that
               | future effort was reallocated to other, eventually more
               | fruitful, areas? Other than trivial cases, the cause and
               | effect becomes such a tangled web we can't be sure.
               | 
               | You even have the publicity side. Where sometimes the
               | effect isn't directly contributing to the theory, but
               | engaging more attention to a field which leads to more
               | children choosing the route of becoming a scientist.
               | 
               | Math has a similar issue. Much of pure mathematics has no
               | known or foreseeable application. Yet, we can look back
               | at what math does have very useful applications and see
               | how many times the math predated the application being
               | found, sometimes by long enough gaps that those who
               | discovered the tools never saw them to be applied.
        
               | bnralt wrote:
               | Someone is making these value judgements. There's a
               | reason why certain projects get funded while others
               | don't.
               | 
               | If someone has no idea what research will yield results,
               | and has no preference for what research gets funded,
               | that's fine. But if all research is the same to them,
               | they should probably let those who view certain research
               | as more important than others to make the decisions about
               | what gets funded.
        
               | SkyBelow wrote:
               | There are people who are choosing, and there are reasons
               | behind which might end up being better than others, but
               | those are often half science and half politics. Sometimes
               | the end up being done for less than justifiable reasons.
               | One factor is looking at scientists that seem to have
               | 'scienced' well in the past and favoring them over new
               | scientists. This is more conservative in that less money
               | is sent to random ideas that won't go anywhere, but also
               | means that funding is trapped in more classical theories
               | lead to incorrect models and theories sticking around for
               | longer than they should.
        
               | CWuestefeld wrote:
               | I'd go as far as saying "useful science" doesn't have
               | much meaning. The misunderstanding comes from the
               | conflation of "science" and "engineering".
               | 
               | The reason _engineering_ exists is to be useful: to
               | create artifacts and technology to make our lives better,
               | easier, etc.
               | 
               | But science only has three uses: to inform engineering;
               | to satisfy our human curiosity; and to beget _more_
               | science. Any  "usefulness" here is of a very narrow
               | scope. I don't mean to say that it's not _important_ ,
               | but that's not the same as being _useful_.
        
               | bnralt wrote:
               | And even whether or not it's important is hard to say.
               | Whether the experiments being done were important or
               | completely unimportant, we'd get the same thing - hyped
               | up results from NASA talking about how these things were
               | a big deal, vague comments from lander fans about how the
               | landers are doing important scientific work. You're not
               | going to get NASA to come out and say, "actually, we
               | can't think of a good reason to send anything to Mars
               | anymore. Maybe in a couple of decades when our technology
               | improves." Similarly, you're not going to get them to say
               | that the shuttle or SLS were misfires. If you look at the
               | stuff NASA releases, these were all enormous successes.
               | 
               | If I try to look at what the Insight lander accomplished,
               | for instance, I find articles claiming that Insight found
               | that the core of the Mars was much larger than previously
               | thought. Let's leave aside whether the exact size of
               | Mars' core is important or not. If I look for estimates
               | of the size of the core prior to Insight, they're all in
               | line with the estimates that came from the Insight data.
               | From what I can see Insight brought the range of
               | estimates closer together, but it seems to be about what
               | people were expecting beforehand.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | >and to beget more science. <snip> but that's not the
               | same as being useful.
               | 
               | For those looking to keep a job in sciences, begetting
               | more science sounds pretty darn useful
        
             | bluGill wrote:
             | Every part needs to last 3 months. If even one part breaks
             | after 2 months the whole thing failed. Each part increases
             | the odds that one will break after 2 months. The only way
             | to work around this is to design each part to last for 5
             | years, that way the odds are high that all parts survive
             | for the required 3 months. It also means that odds are
             | reasonable the rover will work for much longer than 3
             | months, and in many cases you can operate in a degraded
             | state for a even longer.
        
           | piva00 wrote:
           | I assume that a system such as the self-cleaning of camera
           | sensors by vibration wouldn't work either due to the static
           | charges then, correct?
        
         | rwmj wrote:
         | Some kind of passive self-cleaning solar-cell cover might work.
         | You could direct and shape the wind so it blows more strongly
         | over the cell surface to clean it, or since the dust is
         | charged[1] you might use a conductive layer with the same
         | charge. (Although I'm sure engineers have thought long and hard
         | about this already.)
         | 
         | [1] Moon, but similar: https://youtu.be/0k9wIsKKgqo?t=378
        
           | rzzzt wrote:
           | An infinite loop of transparent film, similar to what the in-
           | car F1 cameras have?
           | 
           | Edit: huh, apparently it is one-time use and does not loop
           | around.
        
           | blululu wrote:
           | The static charges necessarily come in pairs so the dust is
           | charged both positive and negative, but the surface also gets
           | charged as dust hits it so trying to blow it off does not
           | necessarily work in the long term. Static dust is a real pain
           | in a low water environment.
        
         | hawski wrote:
         | I am sure it comes down to economics really, but I do wonder
         | now about a mission in far future, that would clean solar
         | panels of all those older missions to make them work again. For
         | shits and giggles I guess.
        
           | danw1979 wrote:
           | Like a long range Ingenuity helicopter that cruised the
           | planet using its downwash to revive old rovers ?
        
             | timdiggerm wrote:
             | Don't underestimate the size of a planet
        
             | dwringer wrote:
             | After a few months I can't even blow all the dust off
             | surfaces in my apartment. I can only imagine years outside
             | on Mars.
        
             | phpnode wrote:
             | This idea gets brought up in every thread about Insight's
             | dust issues - there is not enough air pressure on Mars for
             | the downwash to clean the panels. For Ingenuity
             | specifically the problem is that it is also far too far
             | away - it would take over ten years for the chopper to
             | reach Insight.
        
           | phone8675309 wrote:
           | IIRC this was a plot point in The Martian
        
             | hawski wrote:
             | Oh, yes indeed. I forgot about that.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | It might be fun to try, but realistically, without heat,
           | thermo issues will ensure that even if you did this the
           | rovers wouldn't work anymore.
        
       | _joel wrote:
       | So long Insight! Pleasure having some flash memory that was sent
       | with you, there's a few bytes that have my name in it.
        
         | zander312 wrote:
         | Woah that is so cool. What did the bytes do? Was it code for
         | the lander?
        
           | jcadam wrote:
           | I assume it's this:
           | 
           | https://www.space.com/38413-your-name-on-mars-nasa-
           | insight-l...
        
             | fdvbvvgh wrote:
        
             | _joel wrote:
             | Yep, could do it with Artemis 1 too and Mars 2020 iirc
        
           | fdvbvvgh wrote:
           | Great
        
             | fdvbvvgh wrote:
        
             | fdvbvvgh wrote:
             | Fd
        
       | okdood64 wrote:
       | Great video about Insight, the technical challenges, and findings
       | from it: https://youtu.be/LmkRrtfY6VI
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | devsploit wrote:
       | I suppose this is kind of a trivial question, but does anyone
       | know if the last message was ACTUALLY the STRING: "My power's
       | really low. Don't worry about me though...", or was it some
       | binary/hex code to represent that, like, "503 ERROR", and the PR
       | department just tweeted its interpretation as "My power's really
       | low. Don't worry about me though..."?
       | 
       | It raises more questions. Was this logging message decided by
       | committee or a PM? Was it a dev easter egg? Do they have a
       | writer?
       | 
       | Also, what conditions would trigger this "final" message?
       | 
       | Being a lesser engineer, my stuff just crashes unceremoniously
       | and usually I am alerted not by a sweet note from my prod servers
       | "Hey, looks like prod's going down, don't worry about me,
       | though...", it's usually concerned phone call from a manager.
        
         | pwisswordfish99 wrote:
         | I'm especially curious whether it actually used the apostrophe,
         | but I suppose the lander itself just sends its usual vitals and
         | the first-person tweets are done by an on-world PR department.
        
         | bogantech wrote:
         | It would have been a data packet containing the battery gauge
         | and some other metrics, it wouldn't make any sense for the
         | lander itself to waste precious bandwidth by spitting out human
         | readable ASCII strings like that.
         | 
         | It's just PR like the last one
        
           | throw827474737 wrote:
           | They sent two flash chips full of names with the lander, they
           | are transmitting whole hi-res pictures and even Apollo
           | missions already had at least 1.6 kbit/s, sorry but those 64
           | bytes would have fit everywhere.
           | 
           | But yes, that message didn't exist for other reasons.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | heh it was probably a single byte with one bit signaling low
         | battery and the other 7 signaling other things.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | kyleyeats wrote:
         | You're overthinking this. They are literally just quoting the
         | Twitter account which is written in first-person perspective:
         | https://twitter.com/NASAInSight/status/1604955574659035136
        
         | dbg31415 wrote:
         | My guess is that it's PR baked into the software -- at least
         | the receiver software. It was a line written by someone who
         | understood that just an error code is really bad for humans to
         | read. So they humanized it a bit. They had time to plan this,
         | not like they didn't know this was the likely outcome. Good
         | product management to give the robot a voice.
        
           | rob74 wrote:
           | > _They had time to plan this, not like they didn 't know
           | this was the likely outcome._
           | 
           | Like the newspapers have obituaries for most important
           | personalities prepared (and sometimes publish them
           | prematurely)?
        
         | sam0x17 wrote:
         | Probably some bytecode representing an RPC enum variant
        
           | devsploit wrote:
           | Yeah this sent me down a rabbit hole. Apparently "NASA had
           | previously decided to declare the mission over if the lander
           | missed two communication attempts"
           | (https://mars.nasa.gov/news/9321/nasa-retires-insight-mars-
           | la...).
           | 
           | Ah well, nothing wrong with a little space theatre!
        
             | saalweachter wrote:
             | So the message was no message?
             | 
             | How do we know the lander wasn't captured by Martians and
             | locked in a faraday cage, in dire need of rescue?
        
       | user3939382 wrote:
       | As a programmer my first thought reading this was:
       | 
       | If I was designing a program to send me back a message and it was
       | super critical I received it, I wouldn't put any quotes or non-
       | alphanumerics in the message. Even if my string handling checks
       | out, if the stakes are sufficiently high, I don't trust em!
        
         | ad404b8a372f2b9 wrote:
         | I always assumed it sent some short, efficient code with the
         | appropriate error correction, packet loss protection and so on
         | and it was only the receiving program that translated to a
         | verbose string. Is that not the case?
        
         | CWuestefeld wrote:
         | I thought it was pretty annoying that the communications are
         | put forth here as if the lander is an animate thing engaging in
         | conversation with us.
         | 
         | Perhaps one day we'll achieve something like that. Heck, maybe
         | we'll send up the grandchild of ChatGPT to be the voice of a
         | future exploration probe. But that's not what we have today.
         | These messages were coded by the engineers who built the thing,
         | and any implication of sentiment is bogus.
        
           | Clamchop wrote:
           | Because the messages were written by people, the sentiment is
           | more authentic than anything made by gpt.
        
             | CWuestefeld wrote:
             | The messages were written by the very people that they are
             | ostensibly sent _to_. It 's sock-puppeting.
        
               | Clamchop wrote:
               | Why does this make the sentiment insincere? Is it
               | inauthentic if you're saying it to yourself?
               | 
               | And whoever wrote this didn't write it just for
               | themselves (there are other involved people and there is
               | public relations).
               | 
               | More charitably than sock puppeting, it is storytelling
               | through personification.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | If I was designing such a message I'd make sure there is a lot
         | of redundancy in the message so even if I only received part of
         | it I could figure out what it was. Adding quotes and other non-
         | alphanumerics can add more clues that make the message unique
         | enough to identify it even when significant amounts of the data
         | are lost in transmission.
        
           | user3939382 wrote:
           | We have really sophisticated, formal strategies for that
           | purpose:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_detection_and_correction.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Error_correction_code
        
             | mosburger wrote:
             | Yep, I worked in the disk drive industry over twenty years
             | ago, and I was surprised to learn that a lot of what we
             | read off the disk is actually wrong! If not for a lot of
             | generous error correction they'd've been pretty unusable.
        
         | ackbar03 wrote:
         | "Say again? You're dropping out, my battery is low Just so you
         | know, we're going to a place nearby Gotta go!"
         | 
         | - Mars rover
        
       | pestatije wrote:
       | Let Ingenuity fly over it and dust off those panels!
        
       | AlbertCory wrote:
       | This reminds me of the movie _Good Night, Oppy_
       | 
       | This was a surprisingly touching movie about the Opportunity
       | rover. Yes, it's sentimental, and yes, the NASA crew do call it
       | "her." And yes, the rover does remind you of Wall-E. Still, it's
       | a good flick to watch with the family.
        
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