[HN Gopher] The mid in fake midcentury modern
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The mid in fake midcentury modern
        
       Author : nluken
       Score  : 247 points
       Date   : 2022-12-07 14:28 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nplusonemag.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nplusonemag.com)
        
       | iambateman wrote:
       | 3000 words on ugliness. Zero pictures.
       | 
       | If the author is going to complain about ugliness, he may as well
       | show some examples.
        
       | zozbot234 wrote:
       | Related: Whither Tartaria?
       | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/whither-tartaria
       | 
       | Follow up: https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/highlights-from-
       | the-co...
        
         | twic wrote:
         | Scott loves attributing increasing prices to Baumol's cost
         | disease, but I'm not sure I've ever seen him do the work of
         | establishing that it's actually what's happened.
         | 
         | > If stonemasonry is a low-tech industry, and new high-tech
         | industries are arising all around it, stonemason wages could
         | get prohibitively high (compared to everything else) until
         | nobody wants to hire them anymore. This would create pressure
         | for architectural styles that require as little masonry (or,
         | generalized, human labor) as possible.
         | 
         | Stonemasons make about PS20 an hour:
         | 
         | https://uk.indeed.com/career/stonemason/salaries
         | 
         | More than an unskilled labourer, but not even twice as much.
        
           | zozbot234 wrote:
           | Baumol's cost disease is about wages of irreplaceable labor
           | _in general_. It applies to stonemasonry as much as, e.g.
           | haircuts.
        
         | LordDragonfang wrote:
         | I came here to post this and a more recent article, his review
         | of (the first sixth of) David Brooks' _Bobos in Paradise_ :
         | 
         | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/book-review-first-sixt...
         | 
         | Towards the end his directly links to "Whither Tartaria",
         | suggesting that Brooks' thesis (the old monied aristocracy was
         | replace as the upper class by "Bourgeois Bohemians", a class
         | which Scott suggests is approximately congruent to the modern
         | usage of "bluecheck")
         | 
         | >Around World War II, US civic architecture changed from
         | colorful, ornate, old-fashioned looking buildings to brutalist
         | concrete cubes or sleek glass modernist arrangements, even
         | though most Americans continue to prefer the old-fashioned
         | style; other art forms showed similar transitions at different
         | times. Brooks' theory suggests that the old-fashioned buildings
         | were the preferred architecture of the WASP aristocracy, and
         | the new architecture is the signaling equivalent of [bespoke]
         | handicraft blankets.
        
       | xyzelement wrote:
       | The article is down for me so I am guessing at it based solely on
       | the comments, which is dangerous.
       | 
       | Something that has become apparent to me is the connection
       | between aesthetic expression and religious expression, which I
       | think used to reign but now is missing from the process.
       | 
       | To use an obvious examples, consider something "small detail"
       | like the ornate doors of an old European cathedral, they were
       | crafted beautifully because their beauty added to the religious
       | experience for congregants, they would see the beauty and catch
       | an emotional glimpse of the divine.
       | 
       | Similar, I think, the classical composers and painters who saw
       | their arts, at least in part, as a conduit for divine beauty into
       | this world.
       | 
       | While this ethos still exists in religious art and architecture/
       | design, mainstream society's aesthetic has diverged from serving
       | a religious purpose, so it no longer aspires to make you feel
       | awed in the same way. And what you don't aspire to, you don't
       | achieve.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Also remember that different religious agencies would decorate
         | this way in order for you to keep giving a tenth of your
         | earnings to the Church.
         | 
         | This was really no different than Apple making flashy buildings
         | in order to attract the best workers and customers willing to
         | pay higher prices. But as many churches that decorated, there
         | were far, far, far more places that were boring and
         | uninteresting in their times. There was great expense involved
         | in creating these flashy features.
        
         | jona-f wrote:
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20221207142932/https://www.nplus...
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | There's so much in this essay to unpack, it's all over the place
       | -- more of an extended rant than any particularly cohesive
       | argument.
       | 
       | But one of the early points is "why is everything so gray instead
       | of colorful?" Which is easy to answer -- when all your cars and
       | buildings are super-colorful, they clash. They become garish and
       | ugly and screaming for attention. _Thank god_ we 've moved to
       | more neutral tones that actually tend to go together and recede
       | into the background... so that we can use _accent colors_
       | instead! If someone chooses to wear an attractive bright red or
       | yellow top, let the accent be on _them as a person_ , rather than
       | their surroundings.
       | 
       | But otherwise, the answer to most of the rest of the essay is:
       | economics. New construction (and furniture) looks the way it does
       | because it's the cheapest to put together in terms of initial
       | cost and maintenance for the building's desired lifespan.
        
         | abecedarius wrote:
         | > because it's the cheapest to put together
         | 
         | Your explanation is that wealthier people choose to spend less
         | on quality? (Not just in proportional terms, but absolutely
         | less.) That correlation can happen, but as an explanation it
         | leaves something out.
        
         | species9606 wrote:
         | You should watch "The Unbrellas of Cherbourg" to experience a
         | world absolutely full of color, color everywhere, and more
         | beautiful because of it. Not every city has to have the same
         | chromatic sensibility as men's business wear.
        
         | kennend3 wrote:
         | Adding to this and using some every day examples.
         | 
         | Why are expensive "sports cars" almost always ugly (Bright
         | yellow or neon green??).
         | 
         | One would think if you had that sort of money you would realize
         | that a bright green car is tacky as F, but that is the point.
         | To turn heads - this is why they bought the car in the first
         | place.
         | 
         | Why are most cars not coloured like this - because it is ugly
         | and most people don't drive a bright green "Honda civic" so
         | people can look at them.
         | 
         | On the housing front almost every city has bylaws and
         | restrictions on what you can and cant do. In the US you also
         | have HOA's with even more restrictions.
         | 
         | As an example - I live in what was formerly a small village .
         | In order to "preserve the heritage" of the area everything is
         | architecturally controlled.
         | 
         | Developers always need to submit your plans for review, but
         | this area is further restricted and has its own set of "rules"
         | outlined in a 34 page document which is on top of the city
         | guidelines.
         | 
         | So all the houses in this area look similar regardless of age
         | by design. There are houses from the 1800's a few blocks away
         | and my house which was built in 2000 fits in just fine from the
         | exterior view. The interior is a different matter because it is
         | not controlled and so it uses modern techniques like steel
         | I-beams.
        
           | lambdasquirrel wrote:
           | It's kind of weird, this juxtaposition between sports cars
           | that are ugly as an intention of being eye-catching, and then
           | HOAs that enforce oppressive-ugliness-by-way-of-cookie-
           | cutter-blandness. No matter which way we go it still turns
           | out ugly.
           | 
           | On the latter, it's this weird and horrific attempt to mimic
           | the way that buildings in Europe just fit well with each
           | other, even when they use bright colors. In suburban America
           | it seems that's not possible without painting a dystopian
           | look all over the town.
           | 
           | Some folks will make an argument that modernism is the cause.
           | Or that post-modernism is the cause. Or whatever is the
           | current style is the cause. I don't buy it because there are
           | works by Frank Lloyd Wright and Mies van der Rohe that are
           | widely considered to be beautiful and which strike the eye.
           | Going the other way, I've met folks who just don't like
           | Impression. So there's aesthetics, and then there's taste.
           | That quote by H.L. Mencken seems appropriate.
        
         | joenot443 wrote:
         | The folks in Eastern Canada would happily disagree that their
         | bright and primary colored homes are ugly, and after having
         | seen them in person, I also think they're beautiful.
         | 
         | https://i.pinimg.com/originals/44/0e/32/440e32a0e0c8fdececf6...
         | 
         | I get where you're coming from with grays clashing less than
         | the highlights. But given the choice, I'd always take the loud
         | bright colors of the Maritimes over the inoffensive neutral
         | shades of our West Coast.
         | 
         | https://www.tqconstruction.ca/wp-content/uploads/vancouver-s...
        
           | graublau wrote:
           | Strathcona is charming and colourful. I don't necessarily
           | agree with the "colour clash" idea above but Canada
           | exemplifies "bad architectural era" like no other country due
           | to fewer legacy buildings. We have to live with bad
           | architecture a lot
        
         | hcarvalhoalves wrote:
         | The rational explanation why the majority of items are neutral
         | tones/grey is because this maximizes the market. This can be
         | seen on automobiles, where silver is the most common color
         | because it's easier to sell second hand, so manufacturers
         | learned to optimize for this.
        
           | Pxtl wrote:
           | And that's self-reinforcing. I bought my first new-from-
           | dealership car (a Prius Prime) a few years back and wanted to
           | get one with a color, and learned that this would mean
           | waiting months and paying more, while the grey one was on the
           | lot right now. Because the grey is the most plentiful option,
           | it's also now the easiest to acquire unless you're really
           | looking to go out of your way for color.
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | Yes exactly. When choosing colors or amenities for my home,
           | my real estate agent and contractors would bristle -- "that's
           | not going to be good for resale value"
           | 
           | This has impacts on the industries surrounding as well. If I
           | want a custom siding color, it's going to be more expensive.
           | We're normalizing everything around the most widely
           | palatable, so it's all fairly bland.
        
             | epolanski wrote:
             | > We're normalizing everything around the most widely
             | palatable
             | 
             | My counter argument to this is that then it is the "norm"
             | and society conditioning our taste and dictating what's
             | palatable.
             | 
             | This goes as deep as influencing and forming our sexuality.
             | We get aroused by things that would've not aroused people
             | centuries ago, the canons of beauty themselves changed a
             | lot.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | sure, it's cyclical -- the emphasis is on "value" or
               | "ROI" before "aesthetic", which in itself is a certain
               | aesthetic
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | epolanski wrote:
           | White is the best selling used color by the way, followed by
           | black and then silver but your point stands.
           | 
           | I kind of miss the times were people had colorful cars, and I
           | don't understand this argument of screaming for attention.
           | Looking at beautiful cars like the Alfa Giulia being black
           | rather than Alfa red [1] or Quadrifoglio green...again?
           | 
           | [1]https://i.pinimg.com/564x/4b/4b/16/4b4b16277ab1652775cd5c7
           | de...
           | 
           | [2]https://cdn-
           | img.automoto.it/images/22002933/1000x/20200507-1...
        
         | yunwal wrote:
         | All that it takes is to travel to Mexico to understand this is
         | wrong.
         | 
         | http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3Y5ULj_0l3o/UrYr0ys5RTI/AAAAAAAACo...
         | 
         | This kind of architecture _works_ it just requires a kind of
         | unity and dedication to a common ideal that we no longer have.
        
           | Renevith wrote:
           | I think it's hideous and I wouldn't want to live there.
           | There's nothing "wrong" (nor "right") about the idea that
           | lots of bold colors will tend to clash and be unpleasant.
           | It's just subjective and different people hold different
           | opinions about it.
        
             | dmitriid wrote:
             | > I think it's hideous and I wouldn't want to live there.
             | 
             | This is really no different from "beautful colorful houses
             | in the Nordics" someone gushed about in another comment.
             | 
             | You need consistency and care. If you have that, suddenly
             | you are a "tourist destination", "cozy place to live" etc.
        
             | yunwal wrote:
             | Bold colors don't clash. Clashing colors clash. You can
             | dislike bright colors all you want but you can't change
             | color theory.
        
         | mostlylurks wrote:
         | > when all your cars and buildings are super-colorful, they
         | clash. They become garish and ugly and screaming for attention.
         | 
         | This is not necessarily the case. Many places in places like
         | Iceland, Norway, Greenland, and to a lesser extent the rest of
         | the nordic countries and some others, like the netherlands,
         | have very colorful buildings, where each building is a
         | different vibrant color, but nevertheless everything fits
         | together nicely, without becoming "garish and ugly and
         | screaming for attention", instead looking quite humble and
         | cozy.
        
           | trgn wrote:
           | Just look at the US too. Charleston, New Orleans, ...
           | Victorian architecture in general. Lush, but not garish. The
           | idea that bright colors are offensive to taste is just wrong.
           | It's how they are applied. And that's what the problem of
           | modernism has been. Modernism is the man internalizing the
           | logic of the machine. It is easier, from a machine
           | perspective, to commoditize and mass market flat neutral
           | colors so therefore it is better. It is truly willful
           | submission. The scary part is that we have been doing it so
           | many generations now, that are sense of aesthetics has been
           | completely atrophied.
        
           | wizofaus wrote:
           | Much of Alsace too, e.g. Colmar: https://upload.travelawaits.
           | com/ta/uploads/2021/04/fcaa4d555...
           | 
           | I'd agree they do sort of "clash", but I'd take that over
           | this any day:
           | 
           | https://imageio.forbes.com/specials-
           | images/imageserve/118444...
           | 
           | Mind you, even somewhere like Venice is relatively mono-
           | chrome (just not grey), but still striking in a way modern
           | housing developments never are.
        
         | krona wrote:
         | > But otherwise, the answer to most of the rest of the essay
         | is: economics.
         | 
         | Correct proportions cost _nothing_. And that 's just for
         | starters.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | Were proportions mentioned in the article? I couldn't find
           | it.
           | 
           | But I'm intrigued now -- I thought I've heard all of the
           | complaints about modern design, but I'm not sure I've ever
           | heard anyone say that _proportions_ have gotten worse. What
           | specifically are you referring to?
           | 
           | The only particularly noticeable thing I can think of is cars
           | having gotten more "bulbuous" rather than sleek, but that's
           | entirely due to crumple zones for safety.
        
             | krona wrote:
             | This made me weep. Pythagorean ideals of proportion have
             | existed for a millenia. See Ancient Greek/Roman
             | architecture, gothic architecture (e.g. https://link.spring
             | er.com/article/10.1007/s00004-022-00591-2) and then go to
             | visit an average modern city development and look at what
             | modern architects consider to be, I don't know, the 'ideal'
             | diameter of a non-supporting (almost entirely aesthetic)
             | column, or the incongruous separation of windows. It's
             | everywhere.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | Yes, Pythagorean ideals of proportion have been around
               | for a long time, but they've also been essentially
               | "debunked" in terms of aesthetic beauty. Kind of the same
               | way that precious little of the music we listen to today
               | follows Bach's prescriptions for counterpoint. They were
               | a historical starting point that we've long since evolved
               | away from, in favor of greater freedom and
               | sophistication.
               | 
               | Which isn't to say that the proportions of windows or
               | columns are always ideal in today's architecture... but
               | for every supposedly perfect historical Gothic cathedral,
               | there are plenty of terribly-proportioned historical
               | examples as well. Overall, I see no evidence of problems
               | of proportion getting _worse_. Modern architects are just
               | as aware of proportion as they 've ever been. But
               | thankfully they're freed from archaic notions such as
               | e.g. exact golden ratios.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | > Modern architects are just as aware of proportion as
               | they've ever been. But thankfully they're freed from
               | archaic notions such as e.g. exact golden ratios.
               | 
               | It's strange then that these freed minds produce the
               | ugliest buildings imaginable, en masse. And then pat each
               | other on the backs and give each other awards for being
               | beautiful.
               | 
               | See, for example, this beautiful multiple-award winning
               | waterfront in Copenhagen
               | https://goo.gl/maps/RGpDAsREQhnsvdJu5 only matched by
               | this beautiful Copenhagen Opera designed by award-winning
               | architects https://goo.gl/maps/krhiU9Poh4Ahqu9v6
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | i was in Copenhagen last summer and walked by both.
               | :shrug: I liked them just fine.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | The main problem with them isn't just that they are ugly.
               | Or that they form no coherent whole.
               | 
               | The main problem is that they completely ignore the place
               | they are: the city, the country, the nation. It's the
               | same haphazard collection of steel, concrete and glass
               | with no rhyme or reason that you can find _anywhere_ :
               | from the third world countries [1] to right smack in the
               | center of a medieval city.
               | 
               | They are all devoid of any character (unless the
               | character is "yet another soulless something").
               | 
               | Sorry for the TikTok link, but I can't get this from my
               | mind: https://vm.tiktok.com/ZMFb14MTT/
               | 
               | [1] This is from my home town.
               | https://maps.app.goo.gl/JnU2AphqF1nPyfnH7?g_st=ic The
               | only reason it didn't win any awards is because no one
               | wins awards for building ugly stuff in Moldova. Otherwise
               | it's no different from Copenhagen Opera.
        
               | krona wrote:
               | > _Overall, I see no evidence of problems of proportion
               | getting worse._
               | 
               | Except if you ask people, specifically the people who
               | *have to work in, live in and around these buildings*,
               | and given the choice, they will choose, time and time
               | again, architectural styles which have fallen out of
               | favour with the vandals.
               | 
               | Some think beauty is simply in the eye of the beholder
               | and it's the plebs who have a false consciousness.
               | Perhaps you're one of them.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | What does any of that have to do with proportion, which
               | is the subject you actually brought up?
               | 
               | When I think of people who like older buildings, it's
               | because of the materials, the ornamentation, the history,
               | the culture, the craftsmanship, the uniqueness, I could
               | go on. All of which makes total sense.
               | 
               | But _proportion_ just isn 't something that usually comes
               | up. And none of this has anything to do with false
               | consciousness, sheesh.
        
               | krona wrote:
               | > it's because of the materials, the ornamentation, the
               | history, the culture, the craftsmanship, the uniqueness
               | 
               | Reactions to beauty are instinctive, immediate,
               | emotional. The average person on the street knows little
               | about any of the post-hoc rationalizations you mention.
               | 
               | The topology of beauty has been studied, and we know that
               | proportions are important in art, architecture,
               | sculpture, the human body itself.
               | 
               | It costs nothing to create beautiful buildings.
        
       | scythe wrote:
       | When I look at pretty old buildings, what sticks out are hand-
       | molded wrought iron, hand-laid brick quoins, hand-carved window
       | siding, hand-assembled decorative fences -- surely, you can see
       | the common factor?
       | 
       | So it's cost disease.
       | 
       | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baumol's_cost_disease
       | 
       | Modern buildings are made principally of prefabricated components
       | designed to be packaged and shipped efficiently and assembled
       | quickly. Why lay bricks when you can nail on a layer of fake
       | brick?
       | 
       | Hopefully, 3D printing will save us.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Not sure where to start debunking this...
         | 
         | When you look at old buildings you're automatically starting
         | with survivorship bias. Expensive and well kept old buildings
         | tend to stay around a lot longer than buildings that were built
         | cheaply at the time. Those have all been bulldozed.
         | 
         | Oh, did I mention that expensive building was expensive? It's
         | easy to ignore that huge parts of the population were living in
         | houses with paper thin walls and spending enormous amounts of
         | energy to keep warm or cool (on cooling people had avoided the
         | southern united states in mass till cooling options were
         | available).
         | 
         | Oh, did we also mention that not only the US population, but
         | the global population has increased massively since then. All
         | of those processes you're describing are massively energy and
         | labor intensive and do not scale as you're trying to put 8
         | billion people under rooves.
         | 
         | Why lay bricks rather than fake bricks? So everyone has a home
         | and they don't have to burn an entire forest to get it.
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | > global population has increased massively since then. All
           | of those processes you're describing are massively energy and
           | labor intensive and do not scale as you're trying to put 8
           | billion people under rooves
           | 
           | This doesn't make any sense. Labor supply obviously scales
           | with population. More people needing housing also means more
           | people available to build housing.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Labor supply scans linearly if nothing else changes. Being
             | that 100+ years ago people were not building computers, or
             | making money producing minecraft videos, or one of any
             | number of tasks that may pay more than flourishing housing.
             | 
             | And you managed to ignore the millions and millions of
             | houses that were close to 'dirt hut' and 'a bunch of sticks
             | leaned together' that have been the more typical means of
             | living for humanity.
             | 
             | And that ignored that until 1900ish population grew _very_
             | slowly meaning that multigenerational housing was more
             | feasible.
             | 
             | "Everything has changed, why hasn't the world stayed the
             | same" -- this article
        
         | twic wrote:
         | You can't just observe that labour-intensive elements are less
         | common and declare that it's Baumol's cost disease! You have to
         | provide evidence that it's that, rather than any other cause.
        
       | aliqot wrote:
       | We're asking for it though aren't we?
       | 
       | Anything non-conventional to beauty is being embraced right now.
       | For generations we only saw the most visually presentable, and in
       | that saccharine world of nothing-better the only thing that
       | stands out are things that are unique from that aesthetic.
        
         | Victerius wrote:
         | It's come to the point where I find some conventionally
         | attractive individuals not particularly interesting. For
         | example, men who look like this: https://encrypted-
         | tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ8c7xV...
         | 
         | There are so many men who look like this now, on Instagram and
         | TikTok. It's boring. They all look the same. When everything is
         | beautiful, nothing is.
        
           | MediumOwl wrote:
           | > They all look the same. When everything is beautiful,
           | nothing is.
           | 
           | Essentially the plot of Boris Vian's 1948 "To hell with the
           | Ugly"
        
           | lotsofpulp wrote:
           | In real life, most men are nowhere near as good looking
           | outside of some enclaves in SoCal and NYC. Perhaps the look
           | still sells on TikTok and Instagram because that is people's
           | escape.
        
             | Victerius wrote:
             | You're right, but my point is more about uniformity.
             | Society seems to have tacitly agreed that there's only 3
             | beautiful looks for everything. You can be beautiful - and
             | by "you", I also mean buildings and inanimate objects -,
             | but only if you fit this narrow criteria.
             | 
             | Give me diversity. Give me creativity.
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | mejutoco wrote:
       | I think there are plenty of beautiful things in the world today.
       | 
       | The theory in art history is that beauty became relegated to
       | other factors after WWI and II. I believe this can capture the
       | mood of the period, but it is a bit simplistic. IMO there has
       | always been many factors, and never was beauty the only aspect of
       | all art.
        
       | jonjacky wrote:
       | Previously, 2+ years ago, similar title and theme but a
       | completely different article, 6 comments:
       | 
       | Why Is the Modern World So Ugly? (theschooloflife.com)
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23557284
        
       | antisthenes wrote:
       | Nonsense. If you want to seek out beautiful things, simply go to
       | where they are. Don't look for them in a hyper-urban corporate
       | hellscape and then act surprised when you don't find them.
       | 
       | Go to a park on a breezy spring day. Take a look at people
       | playing with their dogs, their kids. A mother running after
       | toddlers, father and son launching a kite in a big open field,
       | deer grazing nearby in the brush. Look at it all and tell me it
       | isn't eye-wateringly beautiful.
        
         | sghio4Q2 wrote:
         | I agree with this. I feel sometimes people talk about things
         | becoming "uglier," but I choose to find the beauty in things,
         | including ugly things. In fact, I have seen things I thought to
         | be ugly, but once I started looking for the beauty in them,
         | they became beautiful.
        
       | pdntspa wrote:
       | This article calls everything ugly without even defining what it
       | thinks it -- or beauty -- are. (And if they did past the first
       | paragraph or two of what looks to be an incoherent rant, they did
       | so way too late)
        
         | papichulo4 wrote:
         | The chosen font, spacing, paragraph size... I can't tell if
         | it's supposed to be ironic.
        
       | gfxgirl wrote:
       | This is the equivalent to "why does modern music suck" (said by
       | every generation of the next generation's music)
       | 
       | Scott Alexander posted something similar
       | 
       | https://astralcodexten.substack.com/p/whither-tartaria
       | 
       | And the response he got was arguably predictable..., others
       | didn't agree that modern architecture is ugly.
       | 
       | Sure there are some ugly buildings. But, for example, for me. I
       | went to some 1929 building that I'm sure this author and Scott
       | would find beautiful
       | 
       | https://www.450sutter.com/
       | 
       | And it is. But it's arguably NOT functional. On the 25th floor
       | the view would be incredible but the windows are tiny and so
       | unless you walk directly up to the window you can't see the view.
       | In pretty much any modern building the view would be front and
       | center, full floor to ceiling, wall to wall windows.
       | 
       | I prefer that modern style. check out an old museum and a modern
       | one. The modern one will have all kinds of amazing affordances.
       | Places decided to highlight the view, places decide to give a
       | sense of space, places designed for eating in unique space.
       | 
       | I'd much rather go to one of these
       | 
       | https://design-milk.com/10-modern-museums-youll-definitely-w...
       | 
       | Than one of these
       | 
       | https://artsandculture.google.com/story/the-oldest-museums-a...
       | 
       | Even if the contents was the same.
        
         | booleandilemma wrote:
         | _This is the equivalent to "why does modern music suck" (said
         | by every generation of the next generation's music)_
         | 
         | At first I agreed with you but then I clicked the submission
         | article and saw those ugly mouse statue things.
        
           | pizzalife wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaws
           | 
           | Lots of people seem to enjoy those "ugly mouse statue
           | things".
        
             | booleandilemma wrote:
             | Lots of people enjoy those ugly monkey NFTs too, I don't
             | know what to tell you <shrug>
        
               | pizzalife wrote:
               | Yes, this thread is morphing into "what is art"? I don't
               | know.
        
             | tablespoon wrote:
             | > https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaws
             | 
             | > Lots of people seem to enjoy those "ugly mouse statue
             | things".
             | 
             | Sorry, they're still crap. Seriously, taking the MTV VMA
             | statue and robotically slapping his characters head on it?
             | I recently watched the Nathan For You episode "Dumb
             | Starbucks" and those statutes remind me the _deliberately
             | terrible_ parodies he displayed at an art gallery to
             | establish his bona fides as a  "parody artist."
             | 
             | I can't find the YouTube clip of it, but here are some
             | screenshots:
             | 
             | https://www.vulture.com/2015/11/test-your-logos-with-
             | nathan-...
             | 
             | https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3844774/mediaviewer/rm34134138
             | 8...
             | 
             | And here's him singing some equally-terrible parody songs:
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I71IJOym2ic.
        
         | unsupp0rted wrote:
         | Demonstrably, modern music does suck:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oVME_l4IwII
        
           | jcotton42 wrote:
           | I'd watch this response video to that
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VfNdps0daF8
        
         | pizzalife wrote:
         | I had a hard time taking this article seriously after seeing
         | the first picture with the caption "new ugliness". The picture
         | depicts art by KAWS, arguably a very successful modern artist -
         | someone must think what he is doing is worthwhile. I personally
         | don't like his art, but saying it's "ugly" is rather
         | subjective..
        
           | smsm42 wrote:
           | You're saying it as somehow "subjective" is bad. Of course
           | it's subjective, and the whole point it a lot of modern art
           | is subjectively perceived by most people as ugly, while being
           | praised and promoted by "experts".
        
             | pizzalife wrote:
             | I didn't mean that subjective is bad, but the way the
             | article is written makes it sound like the author thinks
             | there can be an objective view of what constitutes a good
             | aesthetic. Also, I'm not sure I agree that "most" people
             | think modern art is ugly. Haven't seen any statistics to
             | indicate that.
        
             | teawrecks wrote:
             | The article opens with:
             | 
             | "WE LIVE IN UNDENIABLY UGLY TIMES."
             | 
             | Doesn't sound like they're going for subjective.
        
           | johntb86 wrote:
           | Doesn't that assume that people only think beautiful art is
           | "worthwhile"? People - in particular the sort of people who
           | deeply care about art - may see value in ugly art, if the
           | ugliness helps achieve the goals of the artwork.
        
             | pizzalife wrote:
             | This is also true.
        
           | janmarsal wrote:
           | Calling it ugly is just an honest way of saying "I personally
           | don't like his art".
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Modern (popular) music sucks because it's not human. It's
         | produced by software, quantized, gridded, autotuned,
         | copy/pasted, and though the result is technically perfect, it
         | isn't human.
         | 
         | Modern architecture is the same. It's copy/paste design,
         | assembled by software, the human element is gone. When
         | buildings were designed by artists on paper there was no
         | avoiding the designer's humanity and creativity being infused
         | into the design. Today it's just lego blocks. You see the same
         | buildings in every city you visit.
        
           | antiterra wrote:
           | Music produced by software that's quantized and gridded has
           | been some of my favorite stuff for decades and listening to
           | it does the same thing any recorded music can do such: remind
           | me of something, occasionally teach me something new, be a
           | tool for growth or mourning or comfort. Something being
           | virtuousic or analog or raw doesn't necessarily make it good.
           | Simplicity or rigidness is not inherently bad. sometimes you
           | want Raphael instead of Bosch. You may want The Knife instead
           | of Fleetwood Mac, or Parry Grip instead of Paganini.
           | 
           | There was a time that the pinnacle of stereotypically bad
           | music was Girl From Ipanema on an elevator. Except it's a
           | great song, even played for muzak.
           | 
           | Compound that with how the barriers around genre have gotten
           | so much more flexible that you can chart with a Nine Inch
           | Nails + Billy Ray Cyrus + Hip Hop song, and it kinda seems
           | like we're in a golden age.
        
           | oblio wrote:
           | I guess you managed to miss their key point about classic
           | design:
           | 
           | > And it is. But it's arguably NOT functional.
        
       | sph wrote:
       | There are two schools of thought: those that think that beauty is
       | in the eye of the beholder, and those that think, like Steve Jobs
       | famously quipped, that some people just have no good taste.
       | 
       | After fighting with this concept for years, I decided to embrace
       | the superiority and smugness that comes with the latter: the vast
       | majority of people have no understanding of beauty and aesthetic.
       | 
       | The only thing that stops the world from becoming uglier is
       | social norms and peer pressure. Otherwise there'd be more people
       | very proud of wearing socks with their flip flops in public and
       | choosing serif fonts for their computer UIs.
       | 
       | Mind you: beauty doesn't have to be conformism nor normative. But
       | like music, you need to understand the rules first, before trying
       | to break them.
        
         | shadowfoxx wrote:
         | I'd like to put forth the idea that taste is cultivated. Might
         | seem like I'm splitting hairs but I don't like the idea that
         | 'taste' is something you're born with - that its innate - you
         | either got it or you don't. Its like saying some people can
         | cook and others can't, etc etc. That's a story we like to
         | comfort ourselves with. I disagree with the premise /almost/
         | entirely.( I promise I'm fun at parties. An individual claiming
         | they "just can't do X" is shorthand but "There are people who
         | are born incapable to do X, no matter the effort" is where I
         | take issue)
         | 
         | Like any talent, its a pursued interest. I seriously think the
         | world would be a better, more beautiful place if people were
         | willing to push back on social norms and peer pressure more
         | often; Especially when the stakes are so low.
         | 
         | I'm not the one to do it but I'm willing to bet we could agree
         | on an aesthetic that is based around Flip-Flops and Socks - the
         | Japanese might want to have a word or socks with those Adidas
         | sandals.
         | 
         | The reality of human pursuits is that regardless of how we like
         | to think of history, we aren't actually being led by a few
         | Omega-Tier mutant geniuses who gift us with ~ A E S T H E T I C
         | S ~ (Tm) but we collaborate and try things and fail and try
         | again. A culture where more people feel more free to express
         | themselves is one where the Art gets better, IMHO.
        
         | orange_joe wrote:
         | can you help me make sense of your argument? If most people
         | have bad taste, how can peer pressure prevent ugliness? Peer
         | pressure almost by definition demands conformity.
        
           | sph wrote:
           | If one isn't born with taste, peer pressure and conformity is
           | what stops them from going full ugly.
           | 
           | But of course, the artistic ideal is someone that understands
           | taste and beauty, so they can shed norms and just do whatever
           | they want. This is why Michael Jackson could pull off wearing
           | white socks with dark leather shoes, but we collectively know
           | they do not pair well.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | music is a good analogy. In college, for whatever reason, i
         | hung out with far more architecture students than CS students.
         | Hanging out with architecture students (and their professors i
         | might add) in their studios and listening to them brag about
         | themselves and teardown each other is a lot like hanging out
         | with insufferable music fans in a record store.
         | 
         | on a tangent, i felt really bad for the kids in that school.
         | They all had such grand plans and were taught that if they
         | don't change the world then they're worthless. Then they
         | graduate and are stuck doing construction documents for Taco
         | Bells and things like that. That has to be a bitter pill to
         | swallow.
        
         | blue039 wrote:
         | There is nothing objectively beautiful about modern
         | architecture. Brutalism, for example, is talentless nonsense.
         | 
         | Before the advent of "everyone gets sued", the ADA, nuclear
         | war, etc there was actual creative freedom. Now, everything is
         | just one size fits all. Just in case you happen to attract the
         | wrong attention.
         | 
         | Architecture really is a reflection on how mind numbingly dull
         | modern life actually is.
        
           | sph wrote:
           | > Brutalism, for example, is talentless nonsense.
           | 
           | Brutalism is a perfectly serviceable form of art. The problem
           | is that architecture has more practical purposes than pure
           | art, as its goal is to create inviting living spaces. It
           | needs to exist within this constraint, with the ultimate
           | judges being the people that dwell in it, and the architect
           | as their servant. Imposing architecture on people is just
           | plain rude, and brutalism can be quite imposing and
           | oppressive.
           | 
           | So in general I agree, brutalist architecture is terrible.
        
           | PartiallyTyped wrote:
           | > Brutalism, for example, is talentless nonsense.
           | 
           | I find eco-brutalism to be interesting and eerily
           | captivating, but I think it relates to your last sentence:
           | 
           | > Architecture really is a reflection on how mind numbingly
           | dull modern life actually is.
           | 
           | Eco-brutalism reminds me of depictions of the remnants of
           | long lost civilisations adopted by privitive species*.
           | 
           | * This is likely a consequence of growing up playing Halo CE.
        
           | smsm42 wrote:
           | With brutalism, as it is obvious from its name, it is a
           | deliberate move. The bigger question is why this direction
           | has been embraced so much. I.e. why brutalist architects get
           | commissions to build the next ugly building after they built
           | the previous ugly (and often poorly functioning) building?
           | Why taxpayers, who pay for many of these buildings, tolerate
           | it? I think the latter may be because of the "you have no
           | taste, peasant" thing - they have been convinced that "the
           | experts" know what is _really_ beautiful and _really_ ugly,
           | and only their opinion matters. I think there might be time
           | to push back on that and admit the possibility that if
           | something looks ugly, there may be a chance it is ugly.
        
           | kelseyfrog wrote:
           | At least brutalistic buildings have _some_ character. I 'd
           | take living in the hollowed out bones of a concrete
           | monstrosity over the tepid soulless constructions we are
           | building in the post-modern age.
           | 
           | Some of the most fetishous ideas about building design come
           | from AI-art. Unconstrained by economics, practicality, or
           | code, I've been offered glimpses of architectures that could
           | have been and in doing so have a profound impact but also a
           | sense of loss of the could-have-been.
        
           | com2kid wrote:
           | > There is nothing objectively beautiful about modern
           | architecture.
           | 
           | I drive by multiple, lovely, modern houses every day. Some
           | are incredibly well restored mid century pieces, others are
           | tastefully done new buildings.
           | 
           | I'd argue that examples such as
           | 
           | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Einstein.
           | ..
           | 
           | http://inspirationist.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/223.jpg
           | 
           | https://mediacloud.theweek.com/image/upload/f_auto,t_content.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stillman_Photo_2.jpeg
           | 
           | are great examples of modern exteriors.
           | 
           | It is also worth noting that modern buildings are largely
           | about interior spaces. Tons of natural light all day long,
           | and beautiful interiors that work as canvases to hang the art
           | that one gathers throughout life.
           | 
           | You want to know what is ugly? Almost everything built in
           | America in the 40s.
           | 
           | Cape cod houses.
           | 
           | Saltbox houses
           | 
           | Modern architecture encompasses a wide set of styles. Yes the
           | crap "modern" houses being thrown up now days with bad vinyl
           | siding are ugly. They also didn't have a single architect
           | involved in their creation.
           | 
           | The good modern houses, the ones that play with textures and
           | colors, that use natural materials mixes with the modern,
           | those are far from ugly.
        
         | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
         | Keep going though.
         | 
         | It's not just about "taste".
         | 
         | We have always needed opinionated people to be able to push
         | their ideas. That's what Linus is, Jobbs was, like him last
         | year or hate him this year Musk, Eminem, Pulitzer, Jefferson,
         | Tesla or Edison, Stuart Mill, the Wrights, and so on to any
         | major or minor scale...
         | 
         | The best things come from opinionated people who were told they
         | couldn't go against the grain like that.
         | 
         | We've have rejected that idea. Everything is run by MBAs who
         | avoid opinionated in favor of a boring mass appeal.
         | 
         | Look at big tech in the last decade... who was actually
         | opinionated? What is actually worth a damn in 10-15 years? Zuck
         | and Dorsey are clowns. Bezos seemed to have some great ideas on
         | how a company should communicate internally but to an effect
         | that is insanely boring (but reliable which is good for
         | something else). Uber and Etsy and Apple after jobs, none of
         | them show opinion, not in a "dangerous" sense.
         | 
         | We've conditioned ourselves into conformity because being
         | opinionated is to be "an asshole". We told assholes they aren't
         | welcome with CoCs and that every opinion is equally valid, with
         | virtue signaling and post modernism of "my truth", and that you
         | can forgo everything else if it people buy it.
         | 
         | We've silenced anyone who could make something beautiful
         | because it also might be offensive.
        
           | quest88 wrote:
           | I'd consider Zuck opinionated compared to the other FAANG
           | companies. I appreciate his bet on the Metaverse. I don't
           | think it's a good idea, but I can appreciate having an
           | opinion.
        
             | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
             | I don't know, I guess I've never seen it. But I would say
             | in addition to my argument is that I don't think there is
             | anything about the MBA-ification of the world that has
             | prevented bad decisions.
             | 
             | It just runs them through a calculator and committee first.
        
           | sph wrote:
           | I'm saddened to see you downvoted. I do not agree with the
           | examples you've made but I agree with the general idea of
           | your comment.
           | 
           | In our thirst for a more progressive society, we've created
           | an artistically dull culture that is afraid to offend, and
           | there can be no beauty if one isn't allowed to say fuck the
           | rules. Punk died at the turn of the millennium, and we're all
           | a bunch of posers now.
        
           | mikysco wrote:
           | Very well said. I had a similar takeaway, captured by this
           | quote which is representative of many flavors of the sameness
           | described in the article
           | 
           | "The imagined color of life under communism, gray has
           | revealed itself to be the actual hue of globalized capital.
           | "The distinct national colors of the imperialist map of the
           | world have merged and blended in the imperial global
           | rainbow," wrote Hardt and Negri. What color does a blended
           | rainbow produce? Greige, evidently."
        
           | danans wrote:
           | > We've conditioned ourselves into conformity because being
           | opinionated is to be "an asshole".
           | 
           | Asshole is just a shorthand for "inconsiderate of others".
           | Not everyone who is opinionated is an asshole, but some are.
           | And some of those assholes even have valuable opinions, which
           | we do consider, but still recognize them as being assholes.
        
           | david927 wrote:
           | I love that this is down-voted, and in doing so validated.
        
         | sbaiddn wrote:
         | I never bought into the "eye of the beholder" on aesthetics.
         | 
         | I might not understand a particular aesthetic. It might be
         | impossible to formulate logical rules to decide what is
         | beautiful. But beauty is objective, nonetheless.
         | 
         | Be it an exquisite Japanese drawing of a bird with ink and rice
         | paper, or Caravaggio, anyone with a soul can see that talent,
         | effort, and a sense of "wholeness" went into creating both.
         | 
         | I, personally, cannot appreciate Chinese calligraphy art; but I
         | don't doubt for a second it is beautiful and I could appreciate
         | its beauty if I cared to learn Chinese calligraphy.
         | 
         | On the other hand, 1950s brutalist buildings, by their own
         | architect's admission, are ugly. An attempt by nihilist
         | "artists" to force their rejection of aesthetics on others. A
         | sea of grey cement m, jagged lines, and boxes resembling prison
         | cells reflect the architects' sense that we are oppressed...
         | and then shove that claustrophobic feeling on all of us too
         | dumb or too happy to be suffer from ennui.
        
           | lo_zamoyski wrote:
           | > I never bought into the "eye of the beholder" on
           | aesthetics.
           | 
           | Indeed, but I suspect this has a lot to do with the embrace
           | of materialism, a metaphysical view that has far-reaching and
           | destructive intellectual consequences. Once you accept
           | materialism, you have a whole world of phenomena that cannot
           | be explained purely in terms of res extensa which leads some
           | people to a kind of crypto-Cartesian position in which this
           | unexplainable excess is swept under the rug of the
           | "subjective". (I say "crypto-Cartesian" because res extensa
           | cannot accommodate this excess explanatorily, so clearly
           | you've got to pass the buck and squirrel away things in this
           | metaphysical time-out zone that you've conveniently
           | constructed to hold all that things you cannot explain
           | according to your officially stated dogmas.)
           | 
           | Also, philosophical liberalism encourages a kind of
           | indulgence of the subjective, a kind of alternate reality
           | protected from error and insulated from threatening facts.
           | Desire is one such thing kept in the safety of this interior
           | world. It is not possible to have evil or disordered desires
           | (with some ad hoc exceptions). It is not possible to have bad
           | taste. These are "subjective" matters, and since only
           | objective matters can be debated, then, as the saying goes,
           | de gustibus non est disputandum. "That's just your _opinion_
           | , man!"
        
           | com2kid wrote:
           | > On the other hand, 1950s brutalist buildings, by their own
           | architect's admission, are ugly.
           | 
           | Plenty of brutalist buildings are not ugly.
           | 
           | https://preview.redd.it/1w5r7lmno0491.jpg?width=4032&format=.
           | ..
           | 
           | Interesting uses of lines and perspective, a willingness to
           | have large sweeping architectural shapes that were not
           | possible before, huge stairwells, open air walkways, plenty
           | of windows for natural light.
           | 
           | Yes the concrete is ugly as sin, and it turns out it weathers
           | and falls apart way sooner than anyone expected, but the
           | shapes concrete was able to create are impressive.
        
         | joe_the_user wrote:
         | _There are two schools of thought: those that think that beauty
         | is in the eye of the beholder, and those that think, like Steve
         | Jobs famously quipped, that some people just have no good
         | taste._
         | 
         | There certainly aren't just two schools of thought. A third
         | school would that a variety of aesthetics exist each serving a
         | different purpose and each requiring some small or large amount
         | of study to appreciate and each providing a somewhat different
         | level of reward to those that study it - none of these are
         | better or worse but learning none at is bad (like cuisines -
         | even fast food can have its charms but fast food all the time
         | is sad and unhealthy, etc). Some paintings are both immediately
         | striking and can offer more as you study them but other might
         | have just one or the other quality.
         | 
         | As far as the article goes, urban architecture has gone from
         | traditional to high modernist to the present fair. The thing
         | about, say, a building by one of the "great" modernist
         | architects is it (usually) provides a fits organically with the
         | environment quality while also providing more rewards and still
         | offer a given place a "sense of place". Oppositely, a cheap
         | contemporary building offers _at best_ , only blending with the
         | environment, it's only camouflage and some completely
         | eliminates a sense of place from around the building.
         | Ironically, the main way one can get a sense of place today
         | through the _truly bad_ examples of contemporary architecture,
         | thing that fail as camouflage and stand out like a sort thumb.
        
         | throwaway74829 wrote:
         | Tolerance is tiresome. Putting up with nonsense, and being
         | impelled to consume metaphorical shit, is vulgar to the soul.
         | 
         | In art, the nonsense is the lack of honesty. Inauthenticity
         | brought forth and exhibited for all of us to see. People
         | without a shred of depth having the obnoxiousness to put
         | something out that appears to be more than it is. The hubris.
         | 
         | Each passing day, I understand the wisdom of the French and
         | their intolerance more.
        
       | nemo44x wrote:
       | The author keeps referencing "cardboard modernism" but really
       | should just use the word "postmodernism" to describe the era we
       | are still in when it comes to construction, furniture, etc.
       | 
       | The reason things look and feel "cardboard" is because in a
       | postmodern world, many objects are approximations of the objects
       | we associate them with. So, for instance a vinyl window is made
       | to look like a wood window which was designed in such a way
       | because of the limits of the material in addition to the function
       | of the object. And example being window moldings on a sash
       | window. For a wooden window they had a functional purpose
       | (enclose the weights and ropes) which has been lost but
       | approximated in a postmodern vinyl window because "that's how
       | windows look".
       | 
       | Materials in general have changed so much as well. So much
       | furniture is made out of engineered wood instead of wood for
       | example. But this shouldn't be a condemnation of our postmodern
       | times necessarily. These types of materials, manufacturing, and
       | assembly have made things accessible to many more people. If you
       | want high quality objects made from fine materials and
       | craftsmanship it is still out there. It's just extremely
       | expensive. It's a huge gap from builder grade to quality to
       | custom.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | This is what happens when authors live in extreme privilege.
         | You can easily summarize it as
         | 
         | "I want to go back to a world with 100 million people in it
         | that were chopping down old growth forests at an
         | unreplenishable rate"
         | 
         | It neglects that not only have populations massively increased
         | in the western world, but places in the world that have been
         | historically poor now want to partake in the great
         | modernization. When you are trying to bring another 7 billion
         | out of poverty it would be really easy to wipe nature out of
         | you don't change from the ways of the past.
         | 
         | The postmodern stuff that authors complain about is inexpensive
         | compared to the past, amazingly safe, relatively easy to
         | install, and typically energy efficient in one way or another.
         | It feels like the author is saying "I want to get rid of this
         | conformity even if that means excluding a huge portion of
         | people from the modern economy".
        
       | thot_experiment wrote:
       | I'm not even going to read this article because the typesetting
       | is total garbage. How can I take someone speaking on aesthetics
       | seriously when they're trying to convey their message in such an
       | aesthetically broken way?
       | 
       | Also a lot of brutalism haters in this thread, brutalism fucks
       | fam. Y'all clearly don't have enough fond memories of growing up
       | in soviet apartment blocks to understand what's beautiful.
       | 
       | (though to be slightly less tongue in cheek, pressure to be
       | hypercompetitive on price and corporate governance structures are
       | the things that beget most of the ugly I see in my day to day
       | life)
        
       | odysseus wrote:
       | I saw the article title and immediately thought of Corporate
       | Memphis:
       | 
       | https://eyeondesign.aiga.org/dont-worry-these-gangley-armed-...
        
       | marsven_422 wrote:
        
       | greenhearth wrote:
       | What an amazing article. Thanks for posting!
        
       | Bjorkbat wrote:
       | Reminds me of Paul Skallas (LindyMan) and his thoughts on
       | refinement culture.
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/paulskallas/status/1546563161587089408
       | https://medium.com/@lindynewsletter/refinement-culture-51d96...
       | 
       | Best way way I can think of to provide a tl;dr is that we live in
       | a society where convergence towards the optimum is the goal. We
       | have all this data to help us make these informed decisions.
       | Companies (and people) feel a need, implicit or otherwise, to
       | target the largest audience possible, which is just another way
       | of saying that they're trying to appeal to the lowest common
       | denominator.
       | 
       | My personal favorite example of this is how recently remodeled
       | homes, particularly the ones that are trying to be sold, all have
       | the same sort of grayish "trendy" minimalist interior. Odds are,
       | they were advised to make their home look this way because it's
       | the most broadly-appealing home interior that exists out there,
       | supported by "the data". If you make your home look like this
       | then you'll have more buyers, or so the logic goes.
       | 
       | Once you know about it though, you see it everywhere.
        
       | pavlov wrote:
       | Reminds me of the Parisian art critic who was appalled when they
       | built a modernist colossus that destroyed the beautiful harmony
       | of his home city. The rest of his life he would scrupulously
       | choose walking routes to avoid seeing the monstrosity.
       | 
       | The building in question was the Eiffel Tower.
        
         | keiferski wrote:
         | I'm not sure anyone thinks the Eiffel Tower is a masterpiece of
         | beauty. More like a hyper-marketized symbol of Paris. And
         | frankly the area would probably be nicer if it wasn't there at
         | all.
        
           | cdrini wrote:
           | Responded here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33896179
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | Ah, but now you've delved off into opinions. I'd have to say
           | the article itself is just a gigantic opinion piece.
           | 
           | Ugly is the wrong word. Conformity is. If you consider
           | conformity ugly, you will see it as ugly, if you do not, it
           | will not be ugly. It's all subjective.
        
             | keiferski wrote:
             | No, I don't think it's just "all subjective" or "that's
             | just your opinion, man", but actually discussing aesthetic
             | topics to a deeper level requires more expertise and has
             | less immediate implications (than say, civil engineering)
             | that people are just content to be intellectually lazy
             | about it.
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | "Leave opinion on aesthetics to the experts"?
        
               | keiferski wrote:
               | That's what functionally happens, yes. If most people
               | revert to an opinion of "well that's just your opinion,
               | it's all entirely subjective," then the people driving
               | _what actually gets valued_ are the ones that bother to
               | educate themselves and be deemed as experts.
               | 
               | To use an example: if a person in New York City said that
               | "all the restaurants taste the same and it's all just
               | subjective," would you buy a dining tour guide book from
               | them? Or would you buy a book from someone that has made
               | an effort to understand what makes a restaurant good or
               | not?
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | What a straw man. No one who "is not an expert on taste"
               | says all the restaurants taste the same and it's all just
               | subjective". Well, ok, maybe people who literally can't
               | taste (I know one such person), but the people who _can_
               | taste don 't ever say anything like that.
               | 
               | Most of us don't actually use restaurant guides, and we
               | don't say "wow that was awesome" unironically when we
               | didn't like it but the "experts" told us otherwise.
               | 
               | Aesthetics is fairly subjective, yes.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Good is multi-axis measure.
               | 
               | I have been to 'good' restaurants. Excellent food,
               | immaculate plating, perfect service. _Immense cost_.
               | 
               | This is why I'm heavily discounting your opinion here,
               | because there seems to be a massive amount of axises that
               | are being neglected that make these products 'good'.
               | 
               | Energy use per product, general product acceptance to the
               | massive to lower per unit cost, product fungibility are
               | all metrics that can subtract from both subjective and in
               | some cases objective beauty. You could have the most
               | objectively beautiful object in the world, but if I can't
               | have it because it's too difficult to manufacture in bulk
               | or too expensive, then subjectively I think your product
               | isn't that great at all.
        
               | keiferski wrote:
               | Of course good is a multi-axis measure. This is obvious.
               | Do you really expect someone to write a full theory of
               | aesthetics in a HN comment?
        
               | cryptonector wrote:
               | Maybe not a full theory, but why not flesh things out a
               | bit here, or else link to your papers or blog posts on
               | the matter? Or if you're not an expert on aesthetics,
               | maybe link to the work of someone who is.
        
               | Kukumber wrote:
               | oh right, "you are not an artist or an engineer therefore
               | you can't understand my biased opinion that prevails"
               | 
               | "it's ugly" is a very compelling argumentation
               | 
               | i think there is a difference between the Eiffel Tower
               | and the random office building in the middle of Roma
        
               | keiferski wrote:
               | No? I didn't say that my opinion was right, just that
               | most people aren't willing to do the work in order to
               | have a deeper discussion on the topic, so they just
               | revert to relativism.
               | 
               | I also didn't say the Eiffel Tower was ugly, I said most
               | people don't think it's an exemplar of beauty, even those
               | that like it.
        
         | sbaiddn wrote:
         | Which is _a_ monstrosity.
        
           | itsyaboi wrote:
           | a* monstrosity
           | 
           | Use "an" only if the following word starts with a vowel (with
           | few exceptions) -> "The Eiffel Tower is an abomination".
        
             | sbaiddn wrote:
             | Right.
        
             | wizofaus wrote:
             | Technically "if it's pronounced as though starting with a
             | vowel", so "an hour" or "an X-ray" but "a utility". For
             | some acronyms both are possible: a/an FAQ.
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | I don't think most think of the Eiffel Tower as something
         | beautiful.
         | 
         | It's iconic and arguably the symbol of Paris, but it's not
         | really something you would think of when thinking of
         | architectural or functional beauty.
        
           | cdrini wrote:
           | Responded here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33896179
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | > It's iconic and arguably the symbol of Paris, but it's not
           | really something you would think of when thinking of
           | architectural or functional beauty.
           | 
           | It's an amazing structure and nothing like that was possible
           | before. Only after the construction of it could people get a
           | view of Paris never before possible.
           | 
           | You should read Robert Hughes' book "The Shock of the New" or
           | watch the series. I think it's online on Youtube. It begins
           | with the Eiffel Tower as the starting point and centerpiece
           | of modernism and works through to the modern day to see how
           | art and architecture have evolved for better and worse.
           | 
           | It may give you a new appreciation for the structure within
           | the context of history.
        
             | epolanski wrote:
             | > It's an amazing structure and nothing like that was
             | possible before.
             | 
             | That doesn't make it beautiful but an engineering feat.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | I mean, sure - beauty is in the eye of the beholder. I
               | think it's a beautiful structure. It has so much
               | intellectually beauty as well as physical IMO. It's a
               | perfect contrast to the rest of Paris.
        
         | david927 wrote:
         | The famous French author Guy de Maupassant hated the Eiffel
         | Tower so much that he ate lunch exclusively in the restaurant
         | there because "it was the place in Paris where you couldn't see
         | the Eiffel Tower."
         | 
         | It's beautiful in many way, certainly iconic and has
         | grandfathered its way into our idea of Paris, but I understand
         | Maupassant and I think if they built it today, I would feel the
         | same way.
        
         | eiffelthelang wrote:
         | During the last election, a (arguably fringe) far-right
         | candidate had in his platform the destruction of the Eiffel
         | tower.
         | 
         | It _is_ a modernist monstrosity.
        
         | cdrini wrote:
         | Wow, I'm blown away people here are confidently saying things
         | like "most people don't think the Eiffel Tower is beautiful."
         | Huh? Are you guys joking? Are these comments generated by GPT?
         | It's beautiful because of its geometry. It's beautiful in the
         | way it compliments the city. It's beautiful when it's lit up at
         | night. What more do you want exactly?
         | 
         | Who would have the gall to say something like "most people"
         | don't think it's beautiful? People on hacker news really are
         | opinionated about everything, aren't they.
        
           | keiferski wrote:
           | Instead of being outraged, I suggest you read the comments
           | again. No one said it is ugly or that it isn't beautiful,
           | just that it's not typically thought of as an example of "a
           | beautiful thing." People think of it as a symbol of Paris,
           | not an exemplar of beauty. _Especially_ people that live in
           | Paris and see it everyday.
        
             | rrreese wrote:
             | A comment made two hours before yours literally calls it a
             | monstrosity
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | >"say something like "most people" don't think it's
           | beautiful?"
           | 
           | Note quite, people _today_ see the Eiffel Tower as a world
           | wonder and a symbol of France itself. But back in the late
           | 1800 's many Parisians considered it gaudy and several
           | prominent artists bitterly contested its construction.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiffel_Tower
        
           | sbaiddn wrote:
           | Its a wrought steel truss in the shape of a basic geometric
           | construction. Impressive for 19th century civil engineering.
           | Perhaps. Perhaps not.
           | 
           | Compare that to Notre Dame. Also really very tall, but with
           | no iron skeleton, no continuum mechanics. Geometry, in fact,
           | holds it together - an architect had no other tool at the
           | time - but the basic shapes are subtle, and don't scream at
           | you "I am a curve on the Cartesian plane"
        
       | openplatypus wrote:
       | If everything appears ugly to you, ask yourself:
       | 
       | 1. Is it really? Or this is some weird sentiment towards things
       | that passed? I prefer modern "ugly" architecture and "modern"
       | medicine, then flamboyant, impractical and wasteful building
       | accompanied by poor health; maybe we just recentred our
       | attention? ... alternatively
       | 
       | 2. you are depressed; and I don't mean it in a snark way;
       | futility, greyness and ever present gloom can be signs that
       | you're getting depressed.
        
         | jona-f wrote:
         | I would describe your second point as gaslighting. Tastes are
         | different and many people dislike modern (and post-modern)
         | architecture.
         | 
         | Talking with architects about this, they told me that building
         | differently today is too expensive, doesn't go well with
         | industrialized construction.
         | 
         | I argue that architecture is an academic shitshow. It's design
         | for competition juries and not for the people using it. Which
         | is btw very contrary to the initial ideas of Bauhaus, which is
         | why i personally consider it a big failure, despite it's
         | apparent success.
        
           | openplatypus wrote:
           | Tastes are different.
           | 
           | The author could have written, some buildings are ugly. I
           | don't like them.
           | 
           | Yet, the author wrote, "everything" is ugly.
        
             | MockObject wrote:
             | The author is expressing his aesthetic judgement, so
             | overliteral interpretations are really not applicable here.
        
           | projektfu wrote:
           | I disagree. In the post-postmodern period Architecture, as a
           | whole, has been trying to better understand the needs of the
           | users of the building and has been less about flashy design
           | wins. New stadiums, for example, have been architected for
           | flow, utility, and outdoor air conditioning, while trying to
           | maintain a good look. New standalone business buildings are
           | more oriented toward usefulness, accessibility, and comfort,
           | than they are about making a statement. The proliferation of
           | many lower-cost construction models (1+5, for example), show
           | that practicality is important.
        
             | jona-f wrote:
             | Yes, they've being trying, but as far as i noticed failed,
             | cause the underlying systemic problems haven't changed.
             | Buildings are status symbols, designed top-down. Those
             | deeper societal issues, like classism, have gotten even
             | worse.
             | 
             | "Outdoor air conditioning" sounds totally ridiculous and a
             | quick search suggests it's just as bad as it sounds. There
             | should be no world cup in Qatar to begin with.
        
         | beezlebroxxxxxx wrote:
         | Your binary only really allows for the author to like "modern"
         | (which should really be called "modernism" to accentuate its
         | aesthetic name), or be depressed. But they could a) think it's
         | ugly and b) responsible for the sense of alienation or
         | discontent. They might believe that the aesthetic makes life
         | worse without their life being depressingly bad, for instance.
        
           | openplatypus wrote:
           | My binary response is to the absolutist tone of "everything"
           | is ugly.
           | 
           | Not everything is ugly. Some buildings are ugly. Some are not
           | ugly, but simply cheap.
           | 
           | I don't like a lot of stuff in my city. I am not calling it
           | ugly.
        
       | igammarays wrote:
       | After spending some time living in Europe, I simply cannot go
       | back to North America (except for the few areas built with Old
       | World charm). There's something so comforting about the beauty of
       | European and other traditional architectural styles.
       | (Modern/Postmodern?) glass boxes feel jarringly cold, hostile,
       | and alienating.
        
         | zip1234 wrote:
         | America is designed to be looked at while zooming by at 50 mph.
         | Auto infrastructure is incredibly ugly and takes up a massive
         | amount of places. If anyone has an example of non-ugly auto
         | infrastructure I would love to see it.
        
           | projektfu wrote:
           | That usually only happens when it's buried. Near east
           | Chicago, for example, or the result of the big dig in Boston.
           | 
           | I wish that Atlanta would cover the downtown connector and
           | make the city contiguous.
        
         | thundergolfer wrote:
         | Those glass boxes aren't Postmordernist. They're mostly aligned
         | with Modernist architecture. Postmordernist architecture is a
         | response and rejection of Modernism, and exhibits eclectic and
         | playful design features. Check out the Postmodernist
         | architecture article on Wikipedia. You may be conflating the
         | general antipathy towards a Postmodernist boogeyman with any
         | sort of modernist, neoliberal design system.
        
           | igammarays wrote:
           | You're right, thanks for the correction. Without a formal
           | training in the arts I don't know my terminology, I just have
           | an amateur feel for what I hate and know some vaguely related
           | terms. In that case I'm against both modernist and postmodern
           | styles and prefer the Baroque? Darn I don't know, I just feel
           | much more at home walking down the street in Warsaw than in
           | NYC or Chicago.
        
             | thundergolfer wrote:
             | A lot of Postmodern architecture is pretty ugly too, and it
             | is typical for people much prefer the older architectural
             | styles found in Europe.
             | 
             | Part of it is the fault of 20th and 21st century
             | architecture, but also big changes in urban design and
             | property development economics happened throughout the 20th
             | century.
             | 
             | I'm pretty on board with the idea that North American urban
             | design and architecture is an abject failure, but lay the
             | blame not so much with the architects but with greater
             | forces of rapid post-war capitalist expansion and
             | Neoliberal capitalist 'optimization'.
             | 
             | NYC is not as nice as Warsaw in a lot of ways, but it's
             | wildly better than most other USA cities.
        
               | yunwal wrote:
               | > A lot of Postmodern architecture is pretty ugly to
               | 
               | Postmodern architecture can sometimes be an eyesore, but
               | that's kind of the point. If you attempt to never offend
               | anyone's sensibilities you get modern architecture and
               | nothingness. Even if you changed modern architecture to
               | mean art deco or neoclassical you'd get tired of it.
               | 
               | So yeah, you might get things most consider eyesores
               | 
               | https://s.yimg.com/ny/api/res/1.2/f.BSw.Y41JI35DZDLjslHg-
               | -/Y...
               | 
               | But if you ask a little kid whether they like that
               | building, they might say yes. So you've created something
               | at least _someone_ likes.
               | 
               | I'll take seeing 10 eyesores and one extraordinary
               | building any day over blandness.
        
           | yunwal wrote:
           | The problem is that people use post-modern ideas (e.g.
           | there's no universal standard of beauty, might as well do the
           | cheapest thing rather than optimize for beauty) to defend
           | modern architecture.
        
       | yboris wrote:
       | A short essay that made me notice other people's mistakes when
       | talking about _beauty_ (and numerous other topics):
       | 
       |  _2-Place and 1-Place Words_ by Eliezer Yudkowsky
       | 
       | People use "beauty" as if it's a 1-place word (objective metric),
       | rather than a 2-place word ("beautiful to entity X").
       | 
       | Now anytime anyone says "X is best" I follow up with "for who?
       | and in what context?"
       | 
       | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/eDpPnT7wdBwWPGvo5/2-place-an...
        
         | gowld wrote:
        
       | helen___keller wrote:
       | It's worth mentioning that a lot of modern architecture (in
       | single family & small-to-mid multifamily developments) is
       | essentially dictated by money: what sells the best (typically the
       | design that maximizes square footage), what is cheapest to build,
       | and what is capable of passing for a given state and
       | municipalities zoning and building code.
       | 
       | People shop by location, price, and square footage as their
       | primary search criteria. Safe & bland architecture with no unique
       | craftsmanship reflects the fact that these things are not
       | relevant for the financing, construction & sale of most housing.
       | 
       | Edit: a few other things to consider.
       | 
       | 1. Our relationship with the outdoors has shifted considerably
       | since the invention of modern heating and AC. This has
       | implications on modern architecture.
       | 
       | 2. Our relationship with our housing (namely, how many hours we
       | spend in what parts of the house) has shifted immensely in the
       | past century. This has vast implications on modern architecture
       | and construction.
       | 
       | 3. The average person's relationship with art and beauty has
       | completely changed in just the past few decades. Consider a pre-
       | war world with little-to-no television in the average household,
       | where you yourself had to look in the world around you and decide
       | what was beautiful; versus the modern world where you open your
       | smartphone and scroll down an instagram timeline or a pinterest
       | board (or watch a show on HGTV) and instantly have an idea of
       | what's "expected" from a "good house". Mass media (including
       | social media for the most part) has a homogenizing effect on
       | culture.
        
         | egypturnash wrote:
         | 3. The magazine _Better Homes And Gardens_ was founded in 1922
         | and still publishes. _McCall 's_ was founded in 1873 and ceased
         | publication in 2002. There were other magazines that spent a
         | lot of time on home decoration trends, as well - these are just
         | two that come to mind because my mother subscribed to them in
         | the seventies. A ton of those pre-war homes would have had that
         | hanging around to show them current trends in home decoration.
        
         | chis wrote:
         | I think it's up to local governments to require buildings to
         | have some semblance of aesthetics taken into consideration. In
         | the olden times a lot of buildings were built BY the future
         | residents who had a stake in making it look nice. But modern
         | buildings are just built to spec by the cheapest bidder and
         | target renters who, like you said, are basically just sorting
         | apartments.com by price/sf.
         | 
         | It's arguably a tragedy of the commons. The people who live
         | there get maximum value for the money while everyone else has
         | to look at a bland monstrosity every day.
        
       | badpun wrote:
       | I think the reason might be mechanisation and mass-production.
       | Before that, everything was done by hand, so it wasn't that much
       | more expensive to produce interesting architecture or say hand-
       | crafted ornaments details on buildings. Right now, costs of that
       | would be gigantic (which is shown in giant costs of renovation of
       | historic buildings, which needs to be done using the older
       | methods), compared to a standard boxy builds which can be done
       | using prefabricated components. Beautiful buildings would be much
       | more expensive than standard glass boxes, so for the most part we
       | choose not to build them.
       | 
       | Also, materials. Natural materials such as wood or stone feel so
       | much nicer than concrete or glass.
        
         | Renevith wrote:
         | "Natural materials such as wood or stone feel so much nicer
         | than concrete or glass."
         | 
         | To you. But not to me, which is why I choose to live in a house
         | with glass and metal as the primary aesthetic. But stating
         | opinions as fact is a nice way to generate engagement,
         | especially if they are unpopular, hence the article we're all
         | discussing.
        
         | grishka wrote:
         | But then modern tech allows manufacturing things like ornaments
         | at a fraction of their handmade cost. 3D printing and CNC help
         | a lot with that.
        
         | protoster wrote:
         | Absolutely. There are beautiful things today as well, but
         | people choose the ugly thing because of the cheaper cost.
        
         | halpmeh wrote:
         | From the industrial revolution to some time in the early-to-mid
         | 20th century, materials were more expensive than labor. It made
         | total sense to ornately decorate things as the cost was not
         | much more than the material itself.
         | 
         | Now labor is vastly more expensive than materials. Making this
         | easy to build makes them way cheaper.
        
       | nxmnxm99 wrote:
       | Because truth is beautiful and atheism is ugly.
        
       | bulbosaur123 wrote:
       | People are intimidated by beauty, that's why. Most can emphasize
       | more with ugliness.
        
       | donatj wrote:
       | There is a bank near my house that has a facade second floor. It
       | makes no attempt to look real from any angle, not from the street
       | nor the parking lot. You can see right through the oversized
       | glassless windows into the sky, beyond that the entire thing is
       | wavy in an unpleasant way. It doesn't even fit with the style of
       | the rest of the building. My suspicion is it exists almost as a
       | critique of the idea of facades? It's the ugliest thing I have
       | ever seen.
       | 
       | This is in my opinion the source of a lot of ugliness in our
       | environment - reactionary design. Things designed not outright
       | for function or purpose or hell even aesthetics. Things designed
       | in reaction to previous trends. Soulless mocking critique.
        
       | cjohnson318 wrote:
       | So, what is this person's idea of beauty? Ancient Greek/Roman
       | architecture? French Second Empire style? Art Nouveau? People
       | appreciate modern design because it's clean and simple, not gaudy
       | or fussy.
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Stewart Brand's book _How Buildings Learn_ helped me see the
         | beauty in ugly structures.
        
           | cjohnson318 wrote:
           | I'll check it out! I really enjoy buildings in the brutalist
           | and post-modern styles from the seventies and eighties. Maybe
           | that's just nostalgia.
        
       | keiferski wrote:
       | This is a huge question with dozens of answers, but I think the
       | shortest, most concise one is this: culture has emphasized
       | _novelty_ over _quality._ No one cares if you can demonstrate
       | skill, _unless_ it 's in doing something new. Any list of
       | celebrated architects and artists from the 1950s on will be
       | comprised almost entirely of people that did something shocking
       | or novel. There are many reasons as to why this happened, ranging
       | from photography making it easy to create realistic images, to
       | corporations having an interest in forced obsolescence.
       | 
       | The way past this, I think, will basically come down to two
       | things:
       | 
       | 1. Respecting craftsmanship, which is ultimately about _quality_
       | and reaching certain standards rather than being novel
       | 
       | 2. Becoming comfortable with abundance and not basing value on
       | scarcity. As in, we can all have beautiful things and we don't
       | need to use rarity to determine if something is "artistically
       | important." This has been the path of the art market (hence the
       | huge price tags) and more recently NFTs, which to me are just a
       | huge step in the wrong direction
        
       | olliecornelia wrote:
       | First that diatribe about car paint now this. The get-off-my-
       | lawn-ification of HN is well under way.
        
       | t0bia_s wrote:
       | Consumerism driven by individualism allowed everyone to be
       | "masters" in aesthetic. Look at decoration in houses of 60' and
       | 70'. Or fashion nowdays. Or selfnamed photographers on social
       | media.
        
       | jll29 wrote:
       | No-one has captured this better IMHO than Kunstler:
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gz7oJjWg8_Y .
        
         | ryeights wrote:
         | "Places to care about." Brilliant framing. Funny to think that
         | 90% of built areas in the US could be nuked into dust without
         | anything great being lost. All this destruction of natural
         | habitat and beauty and for what? The founders of this country
         | would be ashamed.
        
       | 1auralynn wrote:
       | When it comes to lighting, I've realized that a portion of the
       | population (possibly the majority) prefers everything extremely
       | brightly lit with overhead lights. I prefer soft warm lighting
       | with many small lamps scattered around and lots of darker areas,
       | but through experience I've learned that this makes some people
       | super uncomfortable, especially those with vision issues.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | danjoredd wrote:
       | It really does feel that things become more ugly as time goes on.
       | It feels like everything must look as utilitarian as possible,
       | and that nobody thinks beauty means anything.
        
       | jeromenerf wrote:
       | I live in Paris, went to Wales this summer, found the relative
       | lack of roadsigns very nice, came back to Paris, found the
       | overabundance of roadsigns uglier than before, went to Prague,
       | found the overabundance of signs, large roads and cars within the
       | city ugly, came back to Paris, found it a bit prettier.
       | 
       | Ugliness, envy and jealousy, inextricably mixed.
        
       | jeffbee wrote:
       | There are a lot of demonstrably false factual claims in this
       | article. I will just pick this one: that renters move more often
       | than in the past. This is completely false. The Census CPS
       | Geographic Mobility by Tenure table indicates that in 2021,
       | renter-occupied households who moved in the past year stood at
       | just 16% of all renter households. This figure stood at 34% in
       | 1988 and almost monotonically declined since. Renter mobility
       | stands at an all-time low. In fact, you can easily argue that it
       | is the _lack_ of mobility, rather than hypermobility, that may be
       | contributing to ugly architecture. Tenants without choices are
       | unable to discriminate on aesthetic grounds.
       | 
       | Subjectively, I also disagree with the implication that "perma-
       | class of renters" is somehow bad. The author appears to have been
       | poisoned by the distinctly anglo-american idea that occupying
       | your own home is for some reason a good thing. In Vienna, only 7%
       | of people occupying a home they also own. Everyone I know agrees
       | that Vienna is superior in every respect, including architectural
       | merit, to any American city.
        
       | Tarucho wrote:
       | Because is cheaper
        
       | al2o3cr wrote:
       | In the case of that page, the answer is "because somebody's
       | setting line-height to 1 for the body copy and the paragraphs are
       | Too Damn Long"
        
       | throwayyy479087 wrote:
       | Every time a "journalist" complains about 5-over-1s an angel gets
       | its wings.
       | 
       | Apartments should ONLY be Brooklyn brownstones or lofts, and the
       | construction of anything new and vaguely similar to another
       | building should be banned. Brutalism is the only approved
       | architectural format.
        
       | oliv__ wrote:
       | I think things are ugly now because they are fake: made of fake,
       | cheap materials.
       | 
       | It's much harder to make an ugly cottage home with beautiful wood
       | than it is with vinyl.
       | 
       | Similarly, I'd say that music has become ugly because of autotune
       | and the like.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Um, when I put drywall in my house I assure you it was 'real'
         | certified drywall.
         | 
         | Nothing is stopping you from making your house out whatever it
         | is you consider real, well, other than you are not wealthy
         | enough to actually afford it. There are 8 billion people on
         | this planet and if each of them goes and cuts down the old
         | growth trees to make their cottage we just have a deforested
         | planet which is something much less beautiful than having a
         | house with fiberboard siding. Or would you rather going to have
         | 4 generations of your family living with you without modern
         | conveniences like sewer, water, and power?
        
       | 8jef wrote:
       | Beauty, as ugliness, is only a matter of perspective, focus and
       | point of view. Anything can be beautiful, everything can be ugly.
       | You find something beautiful or ugly? Try to shift your focus to
       | include its surrounding to various degrees, or do the opposite,
       | zoom into it. You see? Most of us are deeply moved at how Earth
       | is beautiful from space. Then, when you drill from the general to
       | the particular, you might find places on the planet that are more
       | or less attractive. Try this long enough, differently focusing on
       | all things you see and hear and feel, from images to ideas,
       | always moving around the subject, often changing angles, and you
       | might start to see things for what they really are:
       | simultaneously complex and simple, ugly and beautiful, all at the
       | same time.
       | 
       | The big lure was always to embrace one particular point of view
       | as your own. THIS looks crazy stupid. THAT sounds amazingly
       | beautiful. EVERYTHING seems so ugly. And so on... Then, one day
       | you wake up and think the opposite. Beauty becomes ugly, and vice
       | versa. It happens all the time, to everyone. Life can have this
       | effect on the living.
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | It's not only a matter of perspective, there seem to be
         | interesting cross cultural universals to what is deemed
         | beautiful.
         | 
         | Almost no one thinks smeared feces on a door handle is
         | beautiful.
        
       | royaltheartist wrote:
       | This feels less like it tells us anything about the world but
       | more about how small the author's conception of it is. Reminds me
       | of people who complain about how music is "bad these days" but
       | they're only talking about what they hear on the radio and aren't
       | really exploring what the landscape has to offer
       | 
       | A lot of what gets created is for functional purposes, and it has
       | always been that way. As time goes on, the functional stuff gets
       | torn down and replaced and anything that's appealing or well-
       | built gets to stay. This gives the impression that the past was
       | full of ornate, well-constructed wonders. But is and always has
       | been an illusion
       | 
       | There were probably people 200, 300, 1000 years ago who thought
       | "Everything is so ugly these days" or didn't care. It's not about
       | what buildings look like, it's about how we live our lives
        
         | dsfyu404ed wrote:
         | You're not wrong to an extent about the good stuff sticking
         | around but I think you're missing the point. It's not like the
         | aesthetics the author is complaining about were chosen for
         | purpose like a farmer painting his barn red because red is
         | cheap. The slice of the economic ladder from which the author
         | cites his examples is mostly rich enough that small variations
         | in cost or performance are not really a driver of styling
         | trends. Widget designers and real estate developers are
         | specifically choosing conformist blandness aesthetics on
         | purpose, not simply tolerating them as a means to some other
         | end.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | > It's not like the aesthetics the author is complaining
           | about were chosen for purpose like a farmer painting his barn
           | red because red is cheap
           | 
           | I would completely disagree. "Rich enough" is mostly
           | meaningless, there are a 1000 different subsystems running
           | under this that make a slight deviation in a product increase
           | in price massively. From laws and regulations on consumer
           | products and housing rules, to what gets shipped overseas in
           | massive container ships.
           | 
           | Go by a 'decent' wooden end table, it may cost you around
           | $1000. Now go have a custom end table made to your
           | specifications. Do not be surprised if it costs you an order
           | of magnitude more and takes a year for an artisan to produce.
           | 
           | Modern costs are low because of mass production. When you can
           | create 5 grey SKUs that cover 98% of the market and mass
           | produce thousands to millions of them all of a sudden looking
           | at producing a 'weird red' SKU is going to eat into your
           | profits considerably unless you can recoup that by charging a
           | much higher cost for that product.
        
             | yunwal wrote:
             | I do woodworking and $1000 could get you a really nice
             | artisan-made custom end table. Obviously depends on your
             | specs but it's hard for me to think of any specs that would
             | make it more unless you were specifically trying to make it
             | extravagant (some rare wood, gold inlays, etc)
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | The scale still holds true. For an order of magnitude
               | less, around $100 I can get a perfectly workable end
               | table that doesn't look horrible but is rather generic.
               | 
               | Honestly I meant to say dresser as they commonly start at
               | $1kish for a decent one, but end table still works.
        
       | carvking wrote:
       | Please watch https://vimeo.com/549715999 Roger Scruton - Why
       | Beauty Matters (2009)
        
       | christkv wrote:
       | If I could I would time-travel back and beat the shit out of Le
       | Corbusier for the damage he did to the public space with his own
       | buildings and all the other shit the inspired. When they one day
       | are dynamited (being shoddily built) nobody will miss them.
        
       | sebastianconcpt wrote:
       | Because Postmodernism poisoned everything to subvert everything
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_Dialectics
        
         | green20 wrote:
        
         | green21 wrote:
        
       | quickthrower2 wrote:
       | This made me laugh the most: To our right is a place that sells
       | wiggly candles. Past that is a boutique liquor store whose
       | chalkboard sign proclaims, in cheerleader handwriting, that the
       | time is Wine O'Clock
       | 
       | Sort of highlights how pathetic things have become
       | 
       | I looked up the Blank St Coffee. What is sad is they just use
       | automatic machines so they don't need baristas, so you are
       | probably going to get mediocre coffee. Can anyone in NYC attest?
       | Also $3.5 being the cheap option sounds nuts.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | It is kind of hilarious when you think about what the French were
       | capable of 1000 years ago: https://youtu.be/Jk3VsinLgvc
       | 
       | We are utilitarian now, we aren't trying to say anything in
       | particular with a building, so it's just a box for stuff and
       | people.
        
       | rr888 wrote:
       | Its not just architecture. People dress much more casually as
       | well, we've all seen the pictures of the plumbers in 3 piece
       | suits but even for office professionals jeans and tshirts are
       | normal now. I think people stop trying to impress others? Or its
       | elitist?
        
       | BrandonS113 wrote:
       | I'm now visiting a brand new office building in London and it is
       | stunning. Not minimalist, brutalist, ornate. And unique. And
       | everybody who works in it seems to love it. I want to work there.
       | 
       | What bugs me is how most new buildings are similar all across the
       | world. 100 years ago, each city has a character unique to it.
       | Barcelona was uniquely Barcelona. Copenhagen was uniquely
       | Copenhagen. Now most new buildings look like the architects have
       | one, small template library.
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | Globalization will result in monoculture after enough time has
         | passed. That is a trade off.
        
         | BitwiseFool wrote:
         | A meme was circulating last week showing dozens of sedans from
         | multiple automakers and it highlighted just how similar they
         | all looked. The meme was criticizing the notion that
         | competition facilitates innovation. However I think people
         | failed to take into account that cars have likely converged to
         | a common design as a consequence of fuel economy and regulatory
         | pressures. I wonder if similar pressures affect architecture
         | and likewise result in the blandness we now notice.
        
           | abyssin wrote:
           | I know very little about the actual job of an architect, but
           | I think new architectural design trends have a lot to do with
           | the tools that are used to draw buildings. Being an architect
           | used to require strong drawing and mental modelling
           | abilities. Those two would have an impact on the aesthetics
           | of the buildings.
           | 
           | Another factor is the way we move around. When you walk, you
           | have the time to see details. Do architects nowadays spend
           | many hours walking in cities every week?
           | 
           | Lastly, the cost of manual work probably had a big impact.
           | Builders probably contributed a lot of the beauty that can be
           | seen in old buildings, also because drawings used to be less
           | precise.
        
         | slyall wrote:
         | Could you post a link?
        
       | account-5 wrote:
       | I don't know, it might just be me but if you're going to write an
       | article (a really long one) bemoaning how everything is ugly you
       | need to provide more than one picture. I want picture proof, not
       | long descriptions that leave me to imagine. Pictures paint a
       | thousand words and all that!
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | The problem with the word ugly is its completely an opinion.
         | There is no right or wrong ugly.
         | 
         | The author would have done much better to forego the word ugly
         | and replace it with hyper conformity.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | It's also rose colored glasses.
           | 
           | Many of the surviving examples of historic architecture we
           | consider classic today, were ugly or dilapidated mass
           | architecture in their time. Ask someone in 1900 what they
           | thought of a New York tenement or a Sears mail-order home,
           | and they would look at you like you were insane for
           | suggesting those characteristics now command seven-figure
           | premiums.
           | 
           | (What would've been the true beauties of those eras, the
           | mansions, are mostly gone, mostly because they tended to be
           | in high-value areas that would've been redeveloped in later
           | generations because of said high value.)
        
             | wizofaus wrote:
             | Surely the opposite effect must also exist - that the
             | historical buildings we see today are the ones that
             | survived because they were considered worth keeping - you
             | wouldn't expect the ugly/shoddily-built ones to survive.
             | However given there are entire streets with attractive
             | historical buildings in many towns and cities I'm not sure
             | either theory explains much - there are virtually no
             | streets I've seen anywhere in the world with almost
             | entirely attractive modern buildings.
        
           | yunwal wrote:
           | I disagree. I think within a given context like "architecture
           | in the neighborhood I live in", there's an objective
           | component to beauty/ugliness. There are universal human needs
           | and desires that are being deprived by bad modern
           | architecture (being in touch with nature, feeling
           | comfortable, human communication and expression).
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Again, 'modern architecture' is the failure point of your
             | argument, as in "This has changed and is only a modern
             | problem" being the primary failing.
             | 
             | In the past most architecture sucked, it has since been
             | bulldozed and replaced by architecture that sucked. Why?
             | Because architecture that sucks is generally cheap. I would
             | say the past I would say architecture sucked even worse
             | most of the time.
             | 
             | I'm sure 40 years from now someone will say "Do you
             | remember when we built everything like the Apple campus",
             | and the answer to that should be "No, not at all, it was an
             | extraordinary building at the time, but it was rare", and
             | that is the same comparison to today.
        
               | yunwal wrote:
               | It's an attractive theory that only the prettiest
               | buildings survive, but doesn't seem to be supported by
               | the evidence. Photographs from the turn of the century
               | reveal that there are simply fewer unattractive
               | buildings.
               | 
               | https://www.worksinprogress.co/issue/against-the-
               | survival-of...
               | 
               | There's an interesting theory at the end that suggests
               | maybe every generation sees it's own architecture as
               | ugly, because it's more common, etc. This seems possible,
               | but there's little evidence of it in the past, and it's
               | strange that it doesn't happen as much with other
               | aesthetic preferences (music, art, film). There are
               | certainly some "born in the wrong generation" types, but
               | it doesn't seem as common or to span generations like the
               | aversion to modern architecture.
        
         | pugworthy wrote:
         | Ironically (to me), the one picture provided basically matches
         | the color palette of the website.
        
       | simonebrunozzi wrote:
       | Move to Venice, Italy, like I did. You will change your mind.
        
       | avindroth wrote:
       | Ironically this page is completely unreadable on the sidebar of
       | my iPad, making the text ugly.
        
       | switch007 wrote:
       | Why is it the articles which would most benefit from pictures are
       | the ones with the fewest?
        
         | bnralt wrote:
         | It even changes the name of the building it's criticizing to
         | make it more difficult to find. After a search I located it,
         | it's The Greenpoint (not "The Josh" as the article claims). You
         | can look it up on Google maps, it's 21 India St, Brooklyn, NY
         | 11222. It seems fine to me? Not particularly nice, but I'd take
         | it over brutalism or international style buildings any day of
         | the week.
         | 
         | If anything, I'd say that modern buildings are a lot more
         | pleasant than those that were being built in the 60's and 70's.
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | Perhaps this was for legal reasons. In the Bay Area there's a
           | rash of similar-looking apartment buildings that all have
           | names like 'The _something_ '. Some marketroid noticed that
           | locals often substitute short nicknames for formal 'The Xyz
           | Building' titles, so they could give the sense of a
           | neighborhood by branding the apartment building with a cutesy
           | nickname. One of these days they'll accidentally get it right
           | and name one of these glass and steel cubes 'The Borg.'
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | actionfromafar wrote:
         | And also, _is_ there a movie named  "Army Soldier II" with Ryan
         | Reynolds in it, or was I just supposed to understand an oblique
         | reference to something else?
        
           | nottorp wrote:
           | It's not like Netflix productions are distinguishable from
           | one another.
           | 
           | But in this case I guess they didn't want to get sued.
        
           | isleyaardvark wrote:
           | Maybe this piece is meant to be fictional, as though it was
           | written in a possible near-future?
           | 
           | Nothing shows up on IMDB or internet searches.
        
       | incomingpain wrote:
       | Not everything is ugly.
       | 
       | https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a41137685/2024-pagani-utop...
       | 
       | Hyper cars like Pagani or Bugatti aren't cars. They are art. They
       | are beautiful. Compare this to the 40 different car brands of
       | white midsize suvs which all look exactly the same. Clear
       | artistic difference.
       | 
       | how many video games have absolutely breath taking art? Recently
       | was watching jacksepticeye's god of war playthrough and omg it's
       | beautiful.
       | 
       | It's not that there is no aesthetics anymore. There's more art
       | today than ever.
       | 
       | For some reason the author has found some spots like his local
       | architecture as ugly but seemingly also cant see the beauty. The
       | article says more about the author than actual art.
        
       | trilbyglens wrote:
       | an article about aesthetics with no images...
        
         | lancesells wrote:
         | Except for the lobby art that isn't mentioned in the article.
        
       | samsquire wrote:
       | I don't reject goodness, rightness or truth. If you reject any of
       | these things you receive ugliness.
       | 
       | A building can be right - fit for purpose, beautiful.
        
         | fullmoon wrote:
         | Is this an Ayn Rand quote out of her novels? It sounds that way
         | but I can't find it.
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | Also, where does the ugly truth come in.
        
             | samsquire wrote:
             | I know what you mean but I reject the idea of an ugly
             | truth.
             | 
             | I would reject an ugly truth being true but a false thing
             | people accept as being true which is not necessarily true.
             | If you truly reject anything not true good right it becomes
             | easier to avoid degrading words or falling into despair.
             | 
             | Said another way, the truth cannot be ugly. So there is no
             | such thing as an ugly truth. Do you agree the truth is
             | beautiful?
             | 
             | I think this because true and truth is beautiful. And it
             | cannot be assailed or degraded by ugly or it wouldn't be
             | true.
             | 
             | In the same way water wets things, the word ugly doesn't
             | become true by juxtaposition to the word true.
             | 
             | There must be a precedence to meaning and you must take
             | your stand. Otherwise everything becomes mud and there is
             | no purity.
             | 
             | In other words, if you bring up an ugly truth I would say
             | it was false and reject it as being not true.
             | 
             | Light extinguishes darkness.
             | 
             | Said another way, if something is an ugly truth then it is
             | the ugliness that is ugly, not the truth. But I would
             | reject it because I reject ugliness.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | I can reject there is no ugly truth on a theoretical
               | basis (though not a practical basis)
               | 
               | Lets say you become omniscient and now you know that 7
               | days from now the universe is going to end in a flash. I
               | mean, that's not great in itself. You think to yourself,
               | I should let everyone know so they can say their
               | goodbyes, but when you do there is a vast amount of human
               | suffering and violence. If you say nothing the world goes
               | on as it does now until its demise.
               | 
               | Is the truth beautiful in this theoretical case? I don't
               | believe so, it doesn't give us anything really truly more
               | actionable than we have now (you could die at any time
               | for a multitude of reasons as it is). Of course this is a
               | logical extreme and you can say that most of life is much
               | more in the mud.
        
               | samsquire wrote:
               | Thank you for your reply and for your understanding of
               | what I say.
               | 
               | I would say there are 2 independent separate things: the
               | circumstance or what you are using the word true to refer
               | to. True is a property of what is but is separate word
               | and meaning from what is
               | 
               | What is can be ugly. But true the word is not. True is
               | eternal and immune to badness
               | 
               | True is what _Is truly_ , that isn't false. The what
               | referant or circumstances are independent of the true.
               | 
               | The true is not the same as the what. The what can
               | potentially be outside the true. The what can be ugly.
               | 
               | From the word "true" it doesn't refer to what is not true
               | except by duality (opposite)
               | 
               | The quality of true is beautiful and always good because
               | it is what is and not what is false.
               | 
               | It's not the property of true that is ugly, what is going
               | on is independent of the true.
               | 
               | Some thing bad going on is independent from the property
               | of the property that some thing is going on. True refers
               | to the absence of falseness.
               | 
               | In other words, the externality of what is going on is
               | going on is beautiful, separate and independent of the
               | not good.
               | 
               | Your scenario is unpleasant and not good but the scenario
               | is independent from the idea you can be sure of the
               | truth. Knowing you can be sure of the truth is beautiful
               | even if the referant of the truth is ugly.
               | 
               | True cannot be made wet by what it refers to.
               | 
               | Said another way, why do people think ugly overrides the
               | beauty of true rather than the other way round, true
               | overrides the beauty of the ugly. It's a precedence
               | thing.
        
       | godshatter wrote:
       | My grandparents on one side of the family had a beautiful house,
       | with beautiful furniture, and one large room you were basically
       | forbidden from entering unless on special occasions when they
       | were hosting a formal get-together. You had to be careful about
       | everything you touched. I hated it. Loved them, but hated going
       | there.
       | 
       | My other set of grandparents lived in a small house with a garden
       | in back that they used mostly to feed themselves. Nothing
       | matched, everything was old and decades out of date with respect
       | to modern norms, some things had been repaired often. But it was
       | lived in and comfortable and welcoming, and I loved it.
       | 
       | I appreciate beautiful things but I don't want to live in a
       | museum. My home is small, and nothing matches. I'm okay with
       | this.
        
       | timw4mail wrote:
       | I miss Art Deco. At least to me, it seems like a flexible style
       | that looks good, while not being purely ornamental.
        
       | KptMarchewa wrote:
       | "I don't like the $CURRENT_STYLE".
        
         | itsyaboi wrote:
         | Yes
        
       | AnimalMuppet wrote:
       | Because we changed our view of what humans are.
       | 
       | We used to think of humans as something special, with a special
       | spark. "Created in the image of God" was the culturally-dominant
       | statement of this, but the idea was much more culturally
       | pervasive than among people who believed the Bible literally. We
       | believed in the soul, or something like it.
       | 
       | As a society, we no longer believe that. We believe that humans
       | are purely material beings, arising purely by naturalistic means,
       | with nothing more than very complicated natural processes. No
       | soul, no mind that is anything separate from the brain. Bound by
       | the laws of physics, which give rise to the laws of biochemistry,
       | which give rise to the laws of neurology. Merely a complicated
       | assembly of atoms, _and nothing more_.
       | 
       | And as a result, art died and was replaced by something else.
       | 
       | We used to think that there was such a thing as beauty, and that
       | humans could create it. We don't think that anymore. Art now is
       | what someone does deliberately with the intention of it being
       | art, and nothing more.
       | 
       | Everything is ugly because we no longer think that real beauty is
       | possible.
        
       | incogitomode wrote:
       | Until a week ago I lived around the corner from the n+1 office
       | and the buildings they're talking about. It's astounding how
       | expensive the new developments are around there -- like,
       | $8k/month 2-bed rentals -- and how terrible much of the new
       | architecture is. It's a part of Greenpoint that has some of the
       | most beautiful buildings in Brooklyn, most built in the late 18th
       | and early 19th century. Which is all to say, I understand where
       | the author is coming from and mostly agree.
       | 
       | That said, there actually are some attractive buildings in the
       | mix. The massive OMA development, Eagle+West, is grossly
       | overpriced but also shows what some amount of creativity and care
       | coupled with new building techniques and materials can offer.
       | It's not perfect, but we probably have to build in new ways if we
       | want to solve problems of homelessness and affordability --
       | again, my example is not affordable, but I think that has more to
       | do with the developers than the actual input costs.
       | 
       | When you look at the beautiful old streets in Greenpoint you're
       | seeing an investment of human labor and materials that is
       | incomparable in today's terms. Those homes were built in a time
       | when labor was cheap, and the people they were built for far
       | wealthier relative to the labor pool. I just moved into a
       | townhouse built in 1900 and when I hire a mason or plumber for
       | repairs there's a good chance they earn more than I do -- and I'm
       | a well-paid developer.
       | 
       | This is all to say, I don't think there's anything fundamentally
       | beautiful about the old -- survivor bias, lack of context, and
       | aesthetic conditioning are all at play. Nor does the new have to
       | be universally ugly. I've seen plenty of new, dense construction
       | in northern Europe that is beautiful and affordable.
        
       | ag8 wrote:
       | Regardless of my thoughts on the content, this article is very
       | beautifully written. The word choice is impeccable, and reads
       | like a thoughtfully shot short film of the author's day.
        
       | l33tbro wrote:
       | Why would a property developer finish a new build with hardwood,
       | stone, brass, etc when they can double their volume and return by
       | building towers of cheaply-clad flammable doggy crates?
       | 
       | It's a misallocation of incentives for what gets built these
       | days.
       | 
       | There's also a huge survivorship bias with old buildings that
       | nobody ever seems to talk about, but that's a whole other
       | thread...
        
       | gooseyman wrote:
       | I have often felt that we just don't take the time/money to build
       | nice things anymore, but after gutting my house built in the
       | 1890s, its clear that shotty construction and "cheap" existed
       | back then as it does now. The stuff that doesn't last gets torn
       | down, while the quality/ornate "lasts."
       | 
       | My house was built fast, by people that were most likely employed
       | in some relation to the port (working class). The house is
       | standard balloon framing, I don't think whoever built it owned a
       | plumb bob and nails are bent over on themselves every other
       | board. It has a facade that is hard not to ignore, it's simple,
       | and they built it one "section" at a time over several years when
       | they had the money or were forced to out of necessity to make
       | room for more family.
       | 
       | And yet, not 10 minutes away are beautiful homes with ornate
       | masonry and corner stones that read 1890, 1895, etc.
       | 
       | To that end, you could say that my house is still standing
       | because of the building materials they used (actual 2x4s from old
       | growth forests, nails that are really more "spike" than nail, a
       | lack of insulation allowing walls to breathe), but I think it was
       | spared and maintained for its utility: it brought shelter to all
       | those that lived there before and so it was maintained just
       | enough.
        
       | recursivedoubts wrote:
       | World Wars 1 & 2 happened, shattering the remaining sense of
       | aesthetic unity we had
       | 
       | that was followed by modernism which purity spiraled into the
       | ubiquitous glass box, which was then followed by a post-modernist
       | surface-level, purely negative rejection of modernism
       | 
       | the post-modernists were unable to return to any pre-modern sense
       | of aesthetics due to their ideological commitment to the ur
       | modernist impulse of pride (called innovation)
       | 
       | recommended reading:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/From_Bauhaus_to_Our_House
       | 
       | it is interesting to note that even individual aesthetic
       | disasters like victorian homes, when combined in a neighborhood
       | with common roof-lines, etc. form a charming aesthetic that has
       | been singularly unachievable except in ersatz form since... deep
       | questions of cultural unity lurk here...
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | I don't really follow what your point is.
         | 
         | But, developers will build what maximizes profits. They are
         | just answering to wallets. If it was mostly the ultra-wealthy
         | purchasing real estate (as it mostly was pre-WW2), then the
         | developers will build what the ultra-wealthy want to spend
         | their money on.
         | 
         | Post-WW2 saw the rise of the middle class and their ability to
         | purchase homes. Especially with government-backed mortgages
         | (FNMA, Freddie Mac, and etc). Most of the middle class would
         | rather spend less on gorgeous architecture and get more square
         | footage inside their home.
        
           | zwkrt wrote:
           | I'm interested in what the economic motivations were behind
           | ornate buildings of old. I'm talking about the craftsmanship
           | involved in intricately decorated buildings in urban cores,
           | such as found in most of Europe and less baroquely in the
           | art-deco buildings in the US. Surely at that time economic
           | factors were at work too, and it is very expensive to have
           | custom brick-work and gargoyles and copper accents, etc. At
           | that time did we have a higher standard of what was passable
           | as a public building? A pride in making something pleasing?
           | Were these features actually not more expensive to create?
        
         | fulltimeloser wrote:
         | Modernism started and co-evolved with the industrial
         | revolution, long, long before World War 1.
         | 
         | Esthetics is a favorite topic for far right thinkers where the
         | demise of civilization is caused by some art that confuse them.
        
           | recursivedoubts wrote:
           | Of course there was a process involved, the edwardian era was
           | stripping down classicism and art nouveau was recognizably
           | post-classical, but WWs1&2 (and the subsequent rebuilding of
           | europe and build out of america) is where modern architecture
           | took over.
           | 
           | The earliest important modernist building from Gropius was
           | Fagus, in 1911: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagus_Factory
           | 
           | Sullivan, sometimes considered an early modernist, was
           | building buildings like this as late at 1889:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditorium_Building_(Chicago)
           | 
           | Birmingham UK is the birthplace of the industrial revolution,
           | and as late at 1909 was building train stations that look
           | like this:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_Moor_Street_railway.
           | ..
           | 
           | Surrendering the aesthetics that everyone save a small group
           | of intellectuals, ideologues and capitalist sharpers likes to
           | the right (and arrogantly dismissing us as intellectually
           | unsophisticated) strikes me as an own-goal.
        
           | thundergolfer wrote:
           | Yes, this top-comment is obviously wrong and mistaken if you
           | know anything about aesthetics and architecture. The broken
           | timelining of Modernist design is the most obvious error. I
           | wouldn't expect HN to get this right though.
        
             | recursivedoubts wrote:
             | No, it isn't.
             | 
             | It isn't what is taught in school, but it is a reasonably
             | well-informed opinion, as my sibling comments show.
        
               | thundergolfer wrote:
               | Yes it is. I have an undergraduate in Architecture, and
               | your comment reads as wildly incorrect.
               | 
               | Checking out the book you link, I see this in Wikipedia:
               | 
               | > The response to Wolfe's book from the architecture
               | world was highly negative. Critics argued that, once
               | again, Wolfe was writing on a topic he knew nothing about
               | and had little insight to contribute to the conversation.
               | 
               | No surprised. If you're going to critique Modernist
               | architecture, at least understand that it started about
               | 40 years before you say it did.
        
         | galfarragem wrote:
         | More down-to-earth and simplistic answer: the classless society
         | (Socialism and derivates like Social democracy) with the need
         | to provide reasonable housing for the masses and the spread of
         | industrial concrete[0] took us to the optimal solution: the
         | concrete box.
         | 
         | Once Alvaro Siza (Pritzker prize) was asked if his architecture
         | was minimalist. He answered (paraphrasing): "No, it's just a
         | minimalism of costs".
         | 
         | From wikipedia[1]:
         | 
         | "During World War I, Le Corbusier taught at his old school in
         | La-Chaux-de-Fonds. He concentrated on theoretical architectural
         | studies using modern techniques. In December 1914, along with
         | the engineer Max Dubois, he began a serious study of the use of
         | reinforced concrete as a building material. He had first
         | discovered concrete working in the office of Auguste Perret,
         | the pioneer of reinforced concrete architecture in Paris, but
         | now wanted to use it in new ways."
         | 
         | "Le Corbusier saw the new society founded in the Soviet Union
         | after the Russian Revolution as a promising laboratory for his
         | architectural ideas. He met the Russian architect Konstantin
         | Melnikov during the 1925 Decorative Arts Exposition in Paris,
         | and admired the construction of Melnikov's constructivist USSR
         | pavilion, the only truly modernist building in the Exposition
         | other than his own Esprit Nouveau pavilion. At Melnikov's
         | invitation, he travelled to Moscow, where he found that his
         | writings had been published in Russian; he gave lectures and
         | interviews and between 1928 and 1932 he constructed an office
         | building for the Tsentrosoyuz, the headquarters of Soviet trade
         | unions."
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_cement
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Corbusier
        
           | MSFT_Edging wrote:
           | I'm going to be a bastard and argue for the soviet take on
           | large scale concrete construction.
           | 
           | My personal favorite is the Russian Academy of Science
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences
        
           | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
           | Architecture has almost nothing to do with it...
           | 
           | Hipodromo in Mexico City is one of the most beautiful
           | neighborhoods in the world.
           | 
           | Architecturally, it's a bunch of hideously ugly buildings.
           | But there's trees and plants everywhere, and they're
           | beautiful, and that's all you see.
           | 
           | The reason everything is ugly is because we don't have trees
           | and nature anymore - we just have roads and parking instead.
           | 
           | There's tons of beautiful tree-lined streets in Chicago with
           | ridiculously ugly houses. You don't notice the mismatched,
           | horrible architecture. You just notice the trees & the birds
           | & the squirrels.
           | 
           | You don't have to be classical Paris to be beautiful. You
           | just need plants and a neighborhood designed for people to
           | live in - not cars to park in.
        
             | dionidium wrote:
             | > _The reason everything is ugly is because we don 't have
             | trees and nature anymore - we just have roads and parking
             | instead._
             | 
             | I've spent a bunch of time on the 1940s.nyc site and the
             | most striking difference between 1940s NYC and 2022 NYC is
             | the lack of trees in 1940.
        
             | trgn wrote:
             | I think you're describing sense of closure, the public
             | realm as an exterior room. Trees offer that for sure. But
             | Bruges or Amsterdam have very few trees, and they feel calm
             | and verdant as well. The houses are super simple. Simple
             | facades, some windows properly spaced. There's nothing to
             | it. Yet, it feels perfect.
             | 
             | I'd agree that that is the most important part, the city
             | must be a ballroom, and that architecture proper comes
             | second. Thing is, we lost both though. No more beautiful
             | architecture, but also a complete misunderstanding of how
             | to build a harmonious public realm. We can only think cars.
             | Parking lot for cars. Streets for cars. Buffer zones for
             | the exhaust, noise, and danger of cars. It destroys all
             | cohesion.
        
             | wizofaus wrote:
             | I'd agree it's possible to have a neighbourhood where most
             | of houses aren't especially beautiful but the general
             | layout, and in particular the placement and extent of
             | greenery can lend a sense of overall beauty - I'd even say
             | I live in such a suburb. But it would be far better still
             | if the houses themselves had their own aesthetic appeal,
             | and had been built to last hundreds of years. Plus greenery
             | can only go so far when you're talking about larger
             | buildings (4+ storeys). But yes, the dominance of cars in
             | our towns and cities is almost certainly part of the
             | problem - when you're rushing through a place at 70 or 80
             | k/h who cares if it's ugly?
        
           | SQueeeeeL wrote:
           | It's bizarre to blame communism here when we've seen this as
           | a global phenomenon. It's an issue of neoliberal thinking in
           | general, capitalism also acts to minimizes all costs the
           | exact same way, just drive through any American highway exit
           | and look at the uniformity of the architecture.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | unity1001 wrote:
         | > aesthetic unity
         | 
         | Was it aesthetic unity, or was it aristocratic taste that was
         | enforced in an uniform fashion upon everyone because the people
         | did not have neither time nor money to care about aesthetics...
        
         | throw33away wrote:
         | I think new playgrounds are much better now than when I grew up
         | in the 80s. The new ones in 80s did have some good things going
         | for them but there is much more variety now and they look
         | great.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Playgrounds passed a point somewhere in the late 90s where
           | suddenly it was cheap enough to manufacture quite interesting
           | climbing things, and so you suddenly went from the basic
           | swings + slide + weird steel tower thing to complex adventure
           | sets.
           | 
           | https://www.byoplayground.com/products/koala-keep for example
        
         | red72 wrote:
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | >> interesting to note that even individual aesthetic disasters
         | like victorian homes, when combined in a neighborhood with
         | common roof-lines, etc. form a charming aesthetic that has been
         | singularly unachievable except in ersatz form since...
         | 
         | I just assumed it's all about cost savings. Architecture has
         | been affected by the race to the bottom as much as anything.
        
           | trgn wrote:
           | No. The race to the bottom doesn't explain the extreme
           | rupture that happened in the 40s.
           | 
           | Another thing that may play into it (beyond a psychological
           | breakdown), that's we diverted spending on architecture to
           | spending on maintenance of car infrastructure. The public
           | realm is experience through a car, and as such, sensory
           | details, sense of closure and safety, are irrelevant. Rather,
           | what becomes relevant is asphalt, large easy to maintain
           | buffer zones between car infrastructure and building.
        
             | justinator wrote:
             | Ha and yes: and why build beautiful things at all if all
             | you're going to do is speed past it in a blur at 75mph? The
             | futurists preoccupation with speed. I never thought of it
             | like that.
        
         | harha wrote:
         | Misaligned incentives do their part too, from fixed rent for
         | older buildings to energy efficiency standards not considering
         | the energy used in rebuilding
        
         | selectodude wrote:
         | >It is the pervading law of all things organic and inorganic,
         | of all things physical and metaphysical, of all things human,
         | and all things super-human, of all true manifestations of the
         | head, of the heart, of the soul, that the life is recognizable
         | in its expression, that _form ever follows function_. This is
         | the law.
         | 
         | Emphasis mine.
         | 
         | Louis Sullivan is quoted as saying this in 1896, prior to any
         | world wars. I think you can blame architecture being reduced to
         | the sum of its usefulness to our friends in Chicago, who are
         | far more worried about function over aesthetic. Ludwig Mies van
         | der Rohe decided "less is more" in Chicago. Frank Lloyd Wright.
         | John Root. Daniel Burnham. This continues today with the
         | premiere skyscrapers in the middle east and Asia being designed
         | by Chicago's Skidmore, Owings and Merril. It's too cold to care
         | what you look like.
        
           | recursivedoubts wrote:
           | That was certainly part of it, as was the industrial
           | revolution, but consider the auditorium building built by
           | sullivan in 1889:
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditorium_Building_(Chicago)
           | 
           | There is still a strong connection with the historical
           | aesthetics in it. The lead up to WW1, in the edwardian era,
           | featured a move towards stripped down classicism, but the
           | real break in my mind happened during WW1/2, and particularly
           | post WW2.
        
           | acabal wrote:
           | I think that is factually wrong. Chicago was building
           | beautiful, ornamented buildings well into the 40s. Burnham &
           | Root - your examples of "less is more"? - are in fact masters
           | of beaux arts. Burnham designed the Railway Exchange[1] in
           | 1903 and Union Station[2] in 1909. The Board of Trade[3], a
           | masterpiece of ornamental art deco inside and out, was built
           | in 1930. There are countless other examples.
           | 
           | In fact, Chicago didn't descend into ugly modernity until
           | well into the 50s and 60s, when Mies van der Rohe started
           | erecting generic black monoliths like Federal Plaza[4]. But
           | he had nothing to do with Burnham & Root, or Graham Anderson
           | Probst & White, the two major influences in Chicago
           | architecture up through the 1930s and both producing highly
           | ornamented and humanist buildings their entire careers.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Railway_Exchange_Building_(
           | Chi...
           | 
           | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Union_Station#/medi
           | a/F...
           | 
           | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Board_of_Trade_Buil
           | din...
           | 
           | [4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Everett_McKinley_Dirksen_Un
           | ite...
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > World Wars 1 & 2 happened, shattering the remaining sense of
         | aesthetic unity we had
         | 
         | Who is "we"?
         | 
         | > form a charming aesthetic that has been singularly
         | unachievable except in ersatz form since... deep questions of
         | cultural unity lurk here...
         | 
         | Again, cultural unity amongst whom? At best this is ambiguous,
         | at worst it sounds like a dog whistle for a return to the
         | aesthetics that accompanied the monarchist era.
         | 
         | There are real reasons that aesthetics evolve. For one thing,
         | the hyper detailed and biological shapes and themes of
         | classical aesthetics require a lot of poor, skilled, artisanal
         | laborers, which is why they mostly appear on the buildings of
         | the elite like monarchs.
         | 
         | Regular people during those eras lived in decidedly plainer
         | homes, whose aesthetic charm was mostly a function of their
         | simple shapes and materials.
         | 
         | That started to shift with mass production of decorative
         | elements. The ability to mass produce what were once expensive
         | decorative elements eventually resulted in their becoming passe
         | and kitsch.
         | 
         | Those trends are as much responsible for the aesthetic shifts
         | as the traumas of the world wars.
        
         | majormajor wrote:
         | What does "cultural unity" that you drop in at the end have to
         | do with it? Much of the blandness of recent stuff is bad in
         | very consistent ways already.
         | 
         | Clearly you and I disagree, for instance, on if victorian
         | houses can be aesthetically pleasing on their own, but would
         | you rather have a street full of plywood boxes or would you
         | rather have my victorian-styled house sitting next to your
         | [whatever] and someone else's [whatever]? I'd find that great,
         | and much more interesting than a street full of near-identical
         | ones.
         | 
         | (But in practice - even without "cultural unity" - that isn't
         | what most new development in the US produces today - rather,
         | you have a block-or-larger development of a bunch of near-
         | identical [something]-esque generic builds. Unity achieved!
         | Aesthetic appeal? Maybe not so much...)
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | That's a big part of what people don't realize - city centers
           | and old neighborhoods will have houses of vastly different
           | ages (my town's center has houses that were built this year
           | next to houses that are almost 200 years old).
           | 
           | But most of the houses in America aren't those. They're in
           | developments of different ages, and the houses in those
           | developments look roughly the same. You might notice some
           | differences in the very old 40s developments, because of 80
           | years of additions and remodeling, but most of the houses
           | will have survived and few will have been rebuilt.
           | 
           | When a city builds up slowly, you get many different things
           | mixed together, and that is more interesting.
        
         | ericmay wrote:
         | To latch on to this great post there are a couple of other
         | worthwhile discussion points:
         | 
         | We're _still_ in a nuclear war mental model. We can 't build
         | beautiful things if we think they'll be destroyed in a war. We
         | still have a societal level PTSD from World War I, World War
         | II, Korea, Vietnam, the Soviet Union, and other things.
         | 
         | World War I veterans came back with horrific problems. That's
         | why architects like Frank Lloyd Wright built bunkers that
         | blended in with nature. As they entered into professions like
         | architecture they avoided symmetry, and this was cargo-culted
         | into the present day where we build very weird, stressful
         | objects like Boston City Hall [1], suburban homes that are
         | incoherent and have hidden front entrances (although the car is
         | very prominent) or throw a bunch of scrap metal together and
         | call it art.
         | 
         | I'm not religious at all but right now we face a crisis of what
         | we are building for (as opposed to constructing buildings and
         | temples to the glory of some god or gods). I'm hopeful that
         | either the environmental movement or our desire to become a
         | space faring civilization will reinvigorate the passion of our
         | species.
         | 
         | There's also no point in building a very beautiful building
         | that will last a long time while you are living in Austin, TX
         | if you think in a few years you'll move to Seattle or maybe
         | Washington DC before finally settling down in Kansas. I have
         | been encouraged to see that remote work has caused people to
         | change their location priorities and invest in their current
         | homes instead. Major headwind is just that most homes that were
         | constructed are either in isolated, car-dependent suburbs
         | and/or they are built using the cheapest materials possible.
         | But you can see that people are willing and want to invest via
         | new offices, garage gyms, etc.
         | 
         | I'm _really_ disappointed in our financial overlords who haven
         | 't built a single beautiful building for society anywhere in
         | the US. Even their own houses typically look like architectural
         | garbage.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_City_Hall
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | One of the things any tour of London will talk about is how
           | up to his eyeballs in work Christopher Wren was after the
           | London Fire. His concession to get more work done for
           | everyone lining up for a new cathedral was that he wouldn't
           | build you a bell tower. Most (all?) of the bell towers on his
           | post-fire churches were added on later in his life once
           | things calmed down.
        
           | trilbyglens wrote:
           | How is it that America can still be traumatised from the
           | world wars architecturally but europe is not? I don't really
           | buy the argument that america builds badly because of fear of
           | destruction. It's more that we are an utterly utilitarian
           | culture. We have nothing old, and cannot imagine that
           | anything might become old. Our goals are to maximize profits
           | while minimizing cost, so we end up building $10m houses out
           | of shitty plywood and fake bricks glued on the fascade.
           | 
           | I don't think the ugliness is anything philosophical either.
           | We are simply an unsophisticated culture, with an education
           | system that never exposes people to art or architecture.
           | We're a nation of Nouveau riche pseudo-sophisticated country
           | people who think that money = culture.
        
             | ChainOfFools wrote:
             | > Nouveau riche pseudo-sophisticated country people who
             | think that money = culture
             | 
             | I recently learned that a word for precisely this sort of
             | person exists, "parvenu."
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | I'm in Europe (in Germany to be more precise), but believe
             | you me, new buildings that I would describe as "beautiful"
             | are few and far between here too. I think most of it is due
             | to what I would call cookie cutter mentality. For most
             | architects, a building is just a job. They don't realize
             | that even the most unassuming building is something that
             | may be used for 100 years and more, that will influence the
             | lives of thousands of people (if only because they see it
             | and seeing it makes their day a bit better or worse), and
             | deserves to be treated as such.
        
               | forgotusername6 wrote:
               | There are road bridges I pass in the UK where I think,
               | wow that is really nice. These aren't big things, but
               | they are beautifully designed non the less. They were of
               | course built many years ago.
               | 
               | I do wonder if there is a bit of survivorship bias here.
               | The pretty objects survive, the ugly ones do not. Though
               | there are also changes in taste. In the UK people today
               | like the rows or terraced houses. They were built to be
               | the cheapest possible dwellings, but the style is now
               | popular.
        
               | gffrd wrote:
               | > even the most unassuming building [...] will influence
               | the lives of thousands of people (if only because they
               | see it and seeing it makes their day a bit better or
               | worse)
               | 
               | This bears repeating.
               | 
               | The amount of people who have to contend with a building
               | will always far outnumber the number of people who
               | inhabit or profit from the building.
               | 
               | How should we build, knowing that?
        
               | recursivedoubts wrote:
               | this makes architecture particularly important, in a way
               | that other forms of art is not
               | 
               | painters are free to create ugly works of art all they
               | like, to a first order of appoximation we are in a
               | position to ignore them
               | 
               | not so with the built environment
               | 
               | a long conversation...
        
               | the_third_wave wrote:
               | Architects certainly realise that a building is more than
               | just a job but they also get pulled along in the strife
               | for change for change's sake since any architect who just
               | repeats or refines whatever has been done before is
               | unlikely to find him- or herself chosen by the top
               | agencies.
               | 
               | Have a look at where architects live and compare it to
               | what they design. You'll find that many if not most -
               | architects or otherwise - prefer to live in classical
               | buildings which in nothing resemble the concrete-glass-
               | steel(-wood) style of modern architecture. There are
               | exceptions but they are in the minority, at least among
               | the architects I know.
        
               | ozim wrote:
               | I love people nagging about architecture of buildings
               | that they are not paying for.
               | 
               | I also disagree that most buildings will or should be
               | used for 100 years.
               | 
               | I am quite of a fan of one generational building. Mostly
               | because a lot of people will move around anyway. Unless
               | you are really wealthy family that can afford to stay in
               | place for generations.
               | 
               | Well it is cheaper to stay for generations in some
               | village than in city center.
               | 
               | But most kids will probably move to the city anyway.
               | 
               | So building something fancy is in my opinion waste of
               | resources and most likely having bad impact on
               | environment.
               | 
               | Building something that can be easily replaced- even if
               | not as nice - has the advantage.
        
               | goto11 wrote:
               | I think architects are certainly aware of the importance
               | of architecture, and most would love to make beautiful
               | quality architecture. But in the end architects are hired
               | by someone who decide the budget, and cookie-cutter is
               | just cheaper.
        
               | mc32 wrote:
               | It seems the options are mostly at the extremes. Cookie
               | cutter and Statement architecture, but maybe not much in
               | the middle.
        
               | atmosx wrote:
               | Most buildings in Greece are build by civil engineers.
               | Architects are not needed and rarely involved. The result
               | is very small houses with many rooms and "spaces" but all
               | very small and ugly. For example, it's common to have 3
               | bedroom in 120m2.
        
               | bulbosaur123 wrote:
               | Wait, since when is 120m2 considered small for 3
               | bedrooms? That's quite a large apartment.
        
             | Oxidation wrote:
             | Europe has been building modernist and post-modernist
             | monstrosities gleefully for 80 years.
             | 
             | Everything is either an aggressively ugly concrete
             | bunker[1], a generic cubish cement or brick and glass
             | mishmash[2] or a glass and steel monolith, maybe with extra
             | facets[3].
             | 
             | You just have to look at what the old Imperial Institute[4]
             | was replaced with[5] and the charmless glass box they
             | plugged onto it later[6].
             | 
             | Nearly every building that has been modified this century
             | has gotten unashamedly uglier. Even cathedrals grow tumors.
             | 
             | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hove_Town_Hall
             | 
             | [2]: basically any mid rise residential which can be like
             | this https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Low-
             | rise_flats,_Turv... to more recent variations on https://co
             | mmons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:New_Low_Rise_Apartme...
             | 
             | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shard
             | 
             | [4] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1903-11-04_fron
             | t_Imp...
             | 
             | [5] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sherfield_Build
             | ing,_...
             | 
             | [6] https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Imperial_Colleg
             | e_Lon...
        
             | oneoff786 wrote:
             | > We have nothing old, and cannot imagine that anything
             | might become old.
             | 
             | > Our goals are to maximize profits while minimizing cost
             | 
             | It's really just the second. No need for anything else
        
             | actionablefiber wrote:
             | I've got to think a utilitarian culture would say something
             | like "huh, maybe we should build homes that are easily
             | served by transit." But American culture is much more
             | strongly opposed to this than most those in most other
             | countries.
        
               | kodyo wrote:
               | One thing you notice if you've been in an airplane is
               | that there's a lot of room to spread out if people want
               | to.
        
               | moloch-hai wrote:
               | What people want is of far less moment than what real-
               | estate agents, collectively, want. They drive local
               | government and planning almost everywhere in the US, to
               | the exclusion of almost everyone else.
        
               | Schroedingersat wrote:
               | If you want to spread out you can do it without robbing
               | the people who didn't to pay for your roads and
               | utilities, and then banning them from building mid rise
               | or transit.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | As they should, but a thing that needs planning maps and
               | isn't visible from an airplane is that those who don't
               | want to spread out can't not spread out.
               | 
               | So the freedom is one-way.
               | 
               | Example: almost all of SF bans building apartments
        
               | actionablefiber wrote:
               | And then those people will want things like "electricity"
               | and "a network of wide paved roads" and "Internet" and
               | "drinking water" and "sewage" and "timely package
               | delivery to their front door" and "big box stores with
               | parking lots the size of two city blocks" - and those
               | things at that density have absolutely terrible unit
               | economics and environmental externalities.
               | 
               | I frequently see people complain about how traffic is so
               | bad, gas prices are so high, their local drivers are
               | insane, and how dare they have to pay tolls and parking
               | fees. Wow, I wish there were some form of spatial
               | displacement that didn't involve any of that!
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Heh everything you mention there is available in
               | thousands upon thousands of small towns across the US -
               | basically anywhere there's a Walmart that isn't a city.
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | >Our goals are to maximize profits while minimizing cost,
             | so we end up building $10m houses out of shitty plywood and
             | fake bricks glued on the fascade.
             | 
             | I think claiming that building things to a budget is some
             | kind of unsophisticated Nouveau riche mentality is
             | overlooking the experience of the vast majority of people.
             | The US median _household_ income (usually two people) is
             | $78,075. The majority of people don 't have the resources
             | to care about satisfying your aesthetic requirements.
             | 
             | Plywood and vinyl and 2x4s are inexpensive and good enough,
             | a combination that is generally exactly the optimal
             | solution when you're considering personal survival.
             | Sophistication is a luxury that doesn't come for free.
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | The cost of a home has almost nothing to do with the
               | materials. It's the _developer_ that is trying to cut as
               | much as possible, because this means he gets increased
               | profit margins.
        
               | baremetal wrote:
               | >The cost of a home has almost nothing to do with the
               | materials.
               | 
               | In this environment? Citation needed. Building materials
               | of all sorts are difficult to source, often with long
               | lead times, and are multiples of what they were a few
               | years ago. Labor has gone up as well. Builders are lucky
               | to get 20% margins.
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | > In this environment?
               | 
               | It doesn't matter the environment, when we are talking
               | about margins. Increased costs to the builder are passed
               | along to the end customer.
               | 
               | > Labor has gone up as well.
               | 
               | Which makes any possible savings in materials contribute
               | even more interesting as a way to increase the margin.
        
             | trgn wrote:
             | > We have nothing old, and cannot imagine that anything
             | might become old.
             | 
             | Obviously wrong. America has an enormous amount of
             | beautiful "old" architecture. Most streetcar suburbs are
             | shockingly beautiful, from the utilitarian carriage houses
             | all the way up to the mansions and large public buildings.
             | It all predates WW1. The reason truly is psychological. At
             | the elite level (public institutions, taste makers), it was
             | an infatuation with European iconoclasts wrapped up in an
             | anti-establishment fervor after WW1.
             | 
             | Ironically, it's the unenlightened idiots in America that
             | clung/cling most to archaic, conventional notions of beauty
             | and comfort.
        
               | UncleOxidant wrote:
               | > America has an enormous amount of beautiful "old"
               | architecture.
               | 
               | Sure, there are places like this. Desirable old
               | neighborhoods with interesting houses and walkable
               | infrastructure. But those are mostly from about 100 years
               | ago or more. What's been happening more recently?
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | > Ironically, it's the unenlightened idiots in America
               | that clung/cling most to archaic, conventional notions of
               | beauty and comfort.
               | 
               | An unenlightened idiot only operates on the level of
               | seeing which things are beautiful and which things are
               | ugly. It requires an intelligent, educated person to get
               | involved in sophisticated games of signaling and
               | countersignaling, like pretending to like ugly things in
               | order to seem more sophisticated than unenlightened
               | idiots.
        
               | JasonFruit wrote:
               | Enlightenment may consist in rejecting exactly that.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | > Obviously wrong. America has an enormous amount of
               | beautiful "old" architecture. [...] It all predates WW1
               | 
               | Your comment shows the difference between American "old"
               | and European "old". In Europe, there are people who live
               | in homes far older than that.
        
               | spiritplumber wrote:
               | My grandma went to San Antonio to visit one time and said
               | of the Alamo, "This looks like a warehouse. We have
               | furniture at home that is older, prettier, and has been
               | through more wars than this".
               | 
               | She's right, too. I did not translate her comment to
               | English for my local friends though!
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | > My grandma went to San Antonio to visit one time and
               | said of the Alamo, "This looks like a warehouse. ...
               | 
               | heh what was she expecting? It's an old mission built on
               | the frontier eventually used by the military for storage
               | and barracks. It effectively was a warehouse. The
               | building isn't the reason why it's historic, what
               | happened there is what's important.
        
               | mikestew wrote:
               | The "ugly $NATIONALITY" trope goes both ways, and isn't
               | just for Americans visiting other countries. I don't know
               | why tourists think it's a competition.
        
               | treis wrote:
               | It's an accurate critique though. The Alamo is up at the
               | top in the competition for World's most disappointing
               | tourist destination.
        
               | jonasdegendt wrote:
               | Yes but how many people in Europe actually live in houses
               | older than two centuries (about when American immigration
               | really popped off, so let's arbitrarily pick then)? It's
               | a significant minority.
               | 
               | I live in a mid sized European city with a city center
               | containing buildings that go back to the 12th century,
               | but the house I grew up in was built in 1890. It's one of
               | the older houses on the street too, and pretty
               | uninspiring to be honest. The place I live in now, very
               | near downtown, is like 20 years old.
               | 
               | Sure, most American homes are probably less than 50 years
               | old, but on the scale of a couple hundred of years, does
               | that make Europe that much more sophisticated and
               | "cultured", generally speaking?
        
               | the_third_wave wrote:
               | We do, in a 17th century farm in the Swedish countryside.
               | A large log-house construction, the building was first
               | erected somewhere in the late 1600's/early 1700's on the
               | other side of the hill. It was moved to its current
               | location during the land reform of 1823-1827 when farmers
               | moved out to the land they worked, before that they each
               | worked several small strips of land spread around the
               | hamlet they inhabited.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | American old is as old as the people who have lived here-
               | there are still signs of the native americans who lived
               | here and built massive civilizations. The cave dwellings
               | in Mesa Verde were populated around 1190. THere are signs
               | of civilization from 700CE. If the europeans hadn't
               | killed almost all the natives, some of those locations
               | may still have people living in them.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | "The difference between a Brit and an American is that
               | the Brit thinks 100 miles is a long way and the American
               | thinks 100 years is a long time."
        
               | moloch-hai wrote:
               | "Old" is quoted for a reason. They are copied from
               | actually-old designs.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | Was the GP talking about the US? Because all of it is
             | applicable to all over the world.
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | New construction in Europe is awful as well. Cheap, vinyl
             | casement windows abound, brick veneer, pebble siding and
             | disposable kitchens and fake flooring. They make homes that
             | look like they could survive a bombing, but they're
             | actually fragile and cheap buildings.
             | 
             | > building $10m houses out of shitty plywood and fake
             | bricks glued on the fascade
             | 
             | A 10m home is probably not build of veneer. High quality
             | construction is still available but you pay for it.
             | Engineered wood is super high quality and expensive,
             | plywood is a find cladding and there are higher end
             | versions (Zip System for example) available as well. A
             | modern, well constructed home today is unbelievable energy
             | efficient and has an air-tight envelope by code. Yes, you
             | can build cheaply too (essentially cardboard cladding in
             | certain areas!) but you don't have to.
             | 
             | > We are simply an unsophisticated culture, with an
             | education system that never exposes people to art or
             | architecture. We're a nation of Nouveau riche pseudo-
             | sophisticated country people who think that money = culture
             | 
             | What an unbelievably ignorant thing to say. Have you driven
             | around a town made of mainly pre-war homes? Are you at all
             | familiar with the various styles of different periods?
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | $10m might be getting into actually architected houses,
               | but certainly down in the $2m you find absolute junk.
               | 
               | It's famous enough that it has a website dedicated to it:
               | https://mcmansionhell.com
               | 
               | It's surprisingly "affordable" to have an entirely custom
               | house designed and built, but the only people who bother
               | are people who are certain they'll be in an area for
               | quite awhile. Otherwise you either buy a developer's
               | house (one of five models that they're pumping out, each
               | one designed to be less obnoxious than the previous, so
               | everything is always "beige" to the max) or you buy an
               | existing one, which is usually just a developer house
               | from a decade or more ago.
               | 
               | I mean anyone can order something from
               | https://www.goldeneagleloghomes.com today and it'll have
               | some kind of a style.
               | 
               | But it would look out of place in a modern subdivision.
        
               | p_j_w wrote:
               | >https://mcmansionhell.com
               | 
               | Thank you for this. I've had an absolute blast looking at
               | this.
        
             | atmosx wrote:
             | Europe has unmatched heritage, but I would argue the modern
             | buildings in Italy suffer from the same problems described
             | in the article. There is an Italo-French author called
             | Phillipe Daverio, art critique but in reality polymath, who
             | has discussed these problems in Italy at length.
        
             | carapace wrote:
             | > How is it that America can still be traumatised from the
             | world wars architecturally but europe is not?
             | 
             | America is young, Europe is old.
        
               | nine_k wrote:
               | USA is nearly 250 years old. Most European _states_ are
               | younger, even though European peoples and cultures are
               | indeed old. Italy is young, Rome is old.
        
               | jay00 wrote:
               | Italy is old. It was founded in 7 bc by Augustus: https:/
               | /it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regioni_dell%27Italia_augustea...
               | 
               | Sure it unified again only in the 19th century, but it
               | has had a great degree of cultural union throughout its
               | entire history. It is actually one of the most
               | homogeneous countries in terms of language, religion and
               | culture. Italians like to think otherwise for some
               | reason. Sorry for the digression!
        
               | jaclaz wrote:
               | As an Italian, I would like to learn how you measured the
               | level of homogeneity of language and culture (on religion
               | I agree with you).
               | 
               | The differences in language and in culture were
               | definitely reduced only in very recent years AFAIK, and
               | still remain noticeable.
               | 
               | About language, you have to consider how many Italians
               | are (still today) effectively bi-lingual, Italian and
               | local dialect, with the latter ranging from very similar
               | to very different from Italian.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | My European _house_ is older.
        
               | nine_k wrote:
               | Indeed. There are many houses in Europe that survived 3-4
               | different states claiming the land on which they stand.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | Well, I live in England, so unless we count devolution
               | (of some powers in other UK constituents) or changes of
               | royal household, just the one in my case ;)
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | nine_k wrote:
               | England is pretty stable. Some places on the continent,
               | not so much, esprcially to the east and south of modern
               | Germany.
        
               | idiotsecant wrote:
               | Side question - always been curious. Surely these houses
               | were not designed for plumbing, electrical, efficient
               | insulation, etc. Do they just bodge these things onto the
               | outside of walls, or how does that work?
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Many of them are basically not insulated; the vast
               | majority of "old Europe" is in more temperate climates
               | for obvious reasons. And in the colder areas, you have
               | the immense thermal mass of brick/stone buildings.
               | Sealing air gaps provides some help.
               | 
               | Plumbing and electrical is "simpler" to run than it may
               | seem, but it does result in unexpected locations for
               | bathrooms, etc, as those were often added wherever they
               | could fit them in.
               | 
               | Remember that given the population growth, the vast
               | majority of the people living in Europe are not living in
               | 300+ year old buildings.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | Mixed, but sometimes there's trunking on walls yes. I
               | have a little bit of that (for something disused
               | actually, plan to remove, I've not long moved in) but
               | it's mostly under floorboards. (There are also would-be
               | exposed pipes in the kitchen, hidden behind counters, I
               | believe - but they probably would have done that
               | anywhere, that's a relatively modern extension.)
               | 
               | Insulation is a more complicated topic - if you're going
               | to do it you need to do it differently, since modern new-
               | builds and modern insulation is designed around making
               | everything air & water tight, which will make an old
               | house very damp and rotten (which will lead to
               | woodworm/boring beetle) - the structure needs to
               | 'breath'.
        
               | Veen wrote:
               | I've lived in a couple of houses built in the mid 1700s
               | with parts even older than that. They were cob cottages,
               | one with a thatched roof, so very thick walls instead of
               | insulation. Plumbing and electrics were just added over
               | the years. Windows were single glazed, so not very
               | efficient. But pretty comfortable nevertheless, provided
               | you remember to duck when going under beams. Houses this
               | old are not unusual where I live in Devon, but most are
               | more recent.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cob_(material)
        
             | UncleOxidant wrote:
             | > It's more that we are an utterly utilitarian culture. We
             | have nothing old, and cannot imagine that anything might
             | become old. Our goals are to maximize profits while
             | minimizing cost,
             | 
             | Yeah, I think this is more the real reason. Nothing is
             | intended to last. Shopping centers come and go -
             | restaurants get built and then torn down and replaced 10
             | years later with some other restaurant building (actual
             | example in my neighborhood - why didn't they just reuse the
             | original restaurant building?), the old Montgomery Wards
             | was torn down to build a Home Depot and a Chuck E Cheese.
             | None of this has any permanency.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Commercial buildings in the US are incredibly cheap
               | boxes, and knocking an old one down and rebuilding to
               | spec is how the land-owners get new leases.
               | 
               | The companies that DON'T knock down are always a bit
               | cheap.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | > How is it that America can still be traumatised from the
             | world wars architecturally but europe is not?
             | 
             | Europe is too, it's just that a lot of the older things
             | survived. You can see brutalist and similar architecture
             | that sprang up in the Soviet bloc. I don't think Europeans
             | are that much more "sophisticated" than Americans or anyone
             | else. It's more of an inheritance by happenstance.
             | 
             | Europe (in general) didn't have the wealth to build car-
             | only infrastructure so it never really suburbanized and
             | mass-manufactured homes like America did.
             | 
             | The factors influencing aren't quite the same. Amsterdam is
             | a popular case [1]
             | 
             | I generally agree with your post, though. The caveat is
             | that it's less about capitalism and more about lack of
             | ability to make choices in the market (lack of capitalism
             | and markets). You can't anywhere in America choose a new
             | home that's built in a walkable neighborhood. It's simply
             | not for sale (new). You can only buy existing homes in
             | neighborhoods that survived demolition after the 1920s, and
             | of course those are the most expensive homes by median in
             | the country because of a lack of additional supply.
             | 
             | [1]https://exploring-and-observing-
             | cities.org/2016/01/11/amster...
        
               | rahen wrote:
               | > Europe (in general) didn't have the wealth to build
               | car-only infrastructure so it never really suburbanized
               | and mass-manufactured homes like America did.
               | 
               | Western Europe had the wealth to, it just refused,
               | sometimes with mass protests. A good example is Amsterdam
               | Jokinen Plan.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jokinen_Plan
        
               | soco wrote:
               | And Western Europe had that guy called Le Corbusier with
               | his ideas about ideal cities where utilitarian and
               | ugliness was the entire strategy - just because. As
               | ridiculous it might sound, just go to Zurich and you'll
               | see his hideous legacy everywhere: no new building is
               | anything else than a gray rectangle, even the brand new
               | building of the art museum. It might be garbage but it's
               | our garbage (Swiss motto)
        
           | bulbosaur123 wrote:
           | What if "beautiful buildings" are simply too expensive to
           | build nowdays and there are cheaper alternatives that are
           | functional, yet look sterile and boring? There is a reason
           | almost nobody builds brick mansions anymore.
        
           | at_a_remove wrote:
           | I used to have to deal with some Brutalist structures.
           | Ghastly things, look like they were built by some kind of
           | enormous alien wasp-like creatures that spit out a paste of
           | concrete. Unfriendly interiors. Stairwells almost
           | deliberately vertiginous. Floors with the warmth and charm of
           | a Detroit loading dock. A building which does not learn, its
           | unfortunate inhabitants must adapt to _it_.
        
             | bnralt wrote:
             | > A building which does not learn, its unfortunate
             | inhabitants must adapt to it.
             | 
             | That's one of the most interesting and depressing parts of
             | post-WW2 architecture (it's present in certain "high
             | culture" architecture before, but not as ubiquitous). It
             | seems narcissistic, entirely focused on what the architect
             | thought would look cool, and completely detached from the
             | individuals who would actually be using the space.
             | 
             | There's a Ludwig Mies van der Rohe building near hear, and
             | the usage of space is simply terrible. It's only a few
             | stories tall, and you have to either wait a long time for
             | the slow and unpleasant elevators to arrive, or rummage
             | around several sets of doors behind them to find the hidden
             | stairs. There's another "urban renewal project" nearby
             | designed by I.M. Pei, and it's a huge deadzone in the
             | middle of a bustling area. It feels almost like finding a
             | dead city from a Lovecraft story - you have these empty
             | huge expanses of concrete that seem much too large for
             | humans. Places where people would congregate, like retail,
             | is deliberately placed underground and away from the road,
             | making the whole area feel abandoned.
             | 
             | Say what you will about modern architecture, but I find it
             | much more pleasant than the stuff that was coming out post-
             | war.
        
               | soco wrote:
               | It's one thing to decide for cool instead of beautiful
               | (or useful) but a whole another thing to get paid for it.
               | Those architects won a contest, right? One the premise
               | of... what? We can build the ugliest, yay? Humans are
               | just details? What exactly is the selling point of
               | brutalism for a communal living area? You want to design
               | your own bunker, be my guest. But something paid by the
               | public should serve the public, not be a practical joke
               | on the citizens. Yet another failure of the local
               | authorities, move on...
        
             | moloch-hai wrote:
             | Steward Brand, "How Buildings Learn".
             | 
             | https://bookshop.org/p/books/how-buildings-learn-what-
             | happen...
        
           | tablespoon wrote:
           | > I'm not religious at all but right now we face a crisis of
           | what we are building for (as opposed to constructing
           | buildings and temples to the glory of some god or gods).
           | 
           | We are building for the shareholders and the market. They are
           | our new gods.
        
           | MSFT_Edging wrote:
           | I know to each his own, but I love the aesthetic of the
           | Boston City Hall, and while not fully brutalist, a lot of
           | really cool and abstract designs came from brutalism. My
           | favorite college campuses I've been to have fully embraced
           | the brutal with bizarre overhangs, odd shapes, posts, etc.
           | 
           | The ugliest campuses to me are either the ones that create a
           | faux old world feel or just opt for business park chic.
           | 
           | Same goes for neighborhoods. I love seeing neighborhoods from
           | the 60s or 70s that took a more brutalist/abstract
           | inspiration. Large windows, backless stairs, conversation
           | pits, etc.
           | 
           | To me it looks a whole lot nicer than modern home
           | construction trying to mix southern porches with Victorian
           | styles, all on top of a sears foundation.
        
           | nine_k wrote:
           | I can't speak about Austin, TX, but here in NYC a number of
           | aesthetically pleasing buildings have been built in last,
           | say, 30 years. Even asymmetric ones, like
           | <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8_Spruce_Street>, look great;
           | I'm saying so as someone who used to see downtown Manhattan
           | every day during commute. (One thing I miss after switching
           | to WFH.)
        
             | throwaway4aday wrote:
             | That might be a very subjective opinion. Personally, I find
             | the weird creases on that building disconcerting and
             | unpleasant to look at.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Yeah, that's ... weird. But then again (in my opinion)
               | all skyscrapers look like crap and only become "iconic"
               | by being there for a long time and people get used to
               | them.
        
           | version_five wrote:
           | Two random comments:
           | 
           | 1. When I was younger I though brutalist concrete buildings
           | were ugly, now (even if they still are) i find they are
           | usually the most interesting thing in a city core.
           | 
           | 2. > Even their own houses typically look like architectural
           | garbage.
           | 
           | Agreed. I can't believe how cheap and ugly so many of the
           | "rich people" houses are. It seems to be a competition for
           | who can have the most different rooflines, and for uses of
           | stone veneer
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | Here's the secret to this thread.
             | 
             | Every "adult" generation always hates 50-100 year old
             | architecture, because that was what was slightly old and
             | starting to show its age when they were kids.
             | 
             | Gen-X/Millenials associate brutalism with non-renovated
             | stuffy classrooms, empty downtown office buildings, and
             | dirty public plazas.
             | 
             | Then a bunch get torn down (usually the lowest effort
             | versions) and people adaptively re-use the best ones and
             | everyone remembers the original intent of the style and
             | falls in love with it again.
             | 
             | Seriously, people in the 60's thought Victorian homes were
             | a _blight_ on San Francisco.
        
               | catiopatio wrote:
               | It seems more likely that brutalist architecture is
               | uniquely terrible, and the ascendant architects of the
               | 1960s simply had horrific taste.
               | 
               | If anything, architecture seems to have been almost
               | entirely captured by the avant-garde; people more
               | interested in "new and different" than "classic and
               | beautiful".
               | 
               | I don't think modern audiences are suddenly falling in
               | love with brutalist architecture; even the best examples
               | look like dystopian-future prisons or mental hospitals.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | I really implore you to seek out the articles where
               | people promoting modernism used nearly identical language
               | to you when describing Victorian buildings.
               | 
               | It's hard to see the air when it's the environment we've
               | lived in our entire lives.
               | 
               | https://www.abc.net.au/cm/lb/4285602/data/manifesto-of-
               | futur...
        
               | idiotsecant wrote:
               | >It seems more likely that brutalist architecture is
               | uniquely terrible
               | 
               | Interesting, it seems to me that brutalist architecture
               | is actually pretty appealing aesthetically.
               | 
               | I might go so far as to say that objective beauty and
               | taste simply does not exist and anyone claiming that it
               | does hasn't thought about it very hard yet.
        
               | svieira wrote:
               | > anyone claiming that it does hasn't thought about it
               | very hard yet.
               | 
               | Or maybe you haven't given enough thought to what
               | "beauty" might mean such that it could be objective. Not
               | everyone means by "beauty" "that which I find appealing".
               | Some mean "the will's response to truth":
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcendentals
               | 
               | A wonderful example of this is given in _All Hallows Eve_
               | by Charles Williams:
               | 
               | > "Over here," Jonathan said, and took his friend round
               | to the other side of the room. A second easel was
               | standing back to back with the first, also holding a
               | canvas, but this uncovered. Richard set himself to look
               | at it.
               | 
               | > It was of a part of London after a raid--he thought, of
               | the City proper, for a shape on the right reminded him
               | dimly of St. Paul's. At the back were a few houses, but
               | the rest of the painting was of a wide stretch of
               | desolation. The time was late dawn; the sky was clear;
               | the light came, it seemed at first, from the yet unrisen
               | sun behind the single group of houses. The light was the
               | most outstanding thing in the painting; presently, as
               | Richard looked, it seemed to stand out from the painting,
               | and almost to dominate the room itself. At least it so
               | governed the painting that all other details and elements
               | were contained within it. They floated in that imaginary
               | light as the earth does in the sun's. The colours were so
               | heightened that they were almost at odds. Richard saw
               | again what the critics meant when they said that Jonathan
               | Drayton's paintings "were shrill" or "shrieked", but he
               | saw also that what prevented this was a certain
               | massiveness. The usual slight distinction between shape
               | and hue seemed wholly to have vanished. Colour was more
               | intensely image than it can usually manage to be, even in
               | that art. A beam of wood painted amber was more than
               | that; it was light which had become amber in order to
               | become wood. All that massiveness of colour was led, by
               | delicate gradations almost like the vibrations of light
               | itself, towards the hidden sun; the eye encountered the
               | gradations in their outward passage and moved inwards
               | towards their source. It was then that the style of the
               | painting came fully into its own. The spectator became
               | convinced that the source, of that light was not only in
               | that hidden sun; as, localized, it certainly was. "Here
               | lies the east; does not the day break here?" The day did,
               | but the light did not. The eye, nearing that particular
               | day, realized that it was leaving the whole fullness of
               | the light behind. It was everywhere in the painting--
               | concealed in houses and in their projected shadows, lying
               | in ambush in the cathedral, opening in the rubble, vivid
               | in the vividness of the sky. It would everywhere have
               | burst through, had it not chosen rather to be shaped into
               | forms, and to restrain and change its greatness in the
               | colours of those lesser limits. It was universal, and
               | lived.
               | 
               | ~ All Hallows Eve: II. -- THE BEETLES by Charles Williams
               | https://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks04/0400061h.html
               | 
               | See also: * _Beauty as a transcendental in the thought of
               | Joseph Ratzinger_ by John Jang for University of Notre
               | Dame Australia at https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/cgi/vi
               | ewcontent.cgi?article...
        
               | catiopatio wrote:
               | You could go so far to claim that, but it's exactly that
               | point of view that produced so much objectively ugly,
               | human-unfriendly architecture.
               | 
               | Relativists replace the moral imperative of "good for
               | everyone" with "interesting to people like me", and think
               | they've stumbled onto a more sophisticated or accurate
               | view of the world, instead of just vapid sophistry.
        
               | amrocha wrote:
               | Yeah totally, anyone that disagrees with you on obviously
               | objective things such as "does this building look good"
               | is a vapid idiot!
        
               | throwaway4aday wrote:
               | > people in the 60's
               | 
               | Are you sure that was the opinion of the average person
               | or was it the opinion of someone writing a column on
               | architecture in a magazine?
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | You're not really aware of the history of city, huh?
               | 
               | The neighborhoods with Victorians were either torn down
               | or became low income in the 1950s (ever wonder why
               | hippies flocked to Haight Ashbury?)
        
               | trgn wrote:
               | There's a different between fashionable vs passe, and
               | good vs bad. I think this thread is aiming to discuss
               | good vs bad.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | I won't get into the debate of if it's possible to have
               | an objective "good" or "bad" but when it comes to
               | architecture that is almost _always_ subjective.
        
               | trgn wrote:
               | > possible to have an objective "good" or "bad"
               | 
               | yes
               | 
               | > when it comes to architecture that is almost always
               | subjective.
               | 
               | no
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | Ok you proved me wrong. You succeeded at designing and
               | constructing an objectively bad comment.
               | 
               | Touche.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | cjohnson318 wrote:
             | > I can't believe how cheap and ugly so many of the "rich
             | people" houses are.
             | 
             | If don't have the money to build, then you bid over
             | whatever is on the market; whatever some developer and
             | architect duo thought would differentiate themselves ten or
             | twenty years ago. People prioritize commute, distance to
             | family, distacne to the grocery, school zones, number of
             | bedrooms and space, kitchen/bath vintage, and price way,
             | way before what a home actually looks like on the outside.
             | No one really wants to live in a McMansion, but outward
             | appearance is so far down on the priorities that it doesn't
             | matter.
        
               | david927 wrote:
               | That's a fine, valid rationalization.
               | 
               | But I would disagree with one aspect: part of it is that
               | _they like it_. We don 't have fine taste anymore and we
               | don't have a desire to impress in a classical way. It
               | used to be you would recite a Latin phrase at dinner and
               | everyone would be impressed. Those days are gone.
               | 
               | When money is king, everything else is demoted.
        
               | xboxnolifes wrote:
               | > It used to be you would recite a Latin phrase at dinner
               | and everyone would be impressed. Those days are gone.
               | 
               | Because anyone can do that, it's not impressive. You
               | don't need to have studied Latin to know a Latin phrase.
               | We have google translate and the entire internet. It's no
               | longer an "exotic" thing. Hell, I see people still do
               | things like that, with Latin or some other relevant
               | language. It's weird to _think_ that 's impressive.
        
               | cjohnson318 wrote:
               | De gustibus non est disputandum. The thing about taste is
               | that it's relative.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | Yea I think people just don't understand "what they like"
               | here. It's like if you grew up on fast food like I did.
               | It's also mind-boggling to me when people travel to
               | Europe or Macinac Island and they come back home and
               | _gush_ about it, but can 't get over some sort of mental
               | blocker they have that you could actually live like that
               | here too in the US if we stopped building for cars and
               | started building for people.
               | 
               | Although I do think it's an influential factor, I don't
               | think money is the primary issue. If anything having more
               | money and making more money gives you access to "finer"
               | things and more experience. It's much more complicated
               | than that. It reminds me of the anecdote about Tik Tok
               | (which should be banned IMO) that shows funny videos and
               | 'dumb' content to Americans and shows chess championships
               | and educational materials to the Chinese. That's what
               | we're dealing with here at a societal level.
               | 
               | Great post, David. :)
        
             | mjhay wrote:
             | If you like complicated rooflines, you'll love McMansion
             | Hell:
             | 
             | https://mcmansionhell.com/
        
               | ask_b123 wrote:
               | This is very good! But now I wonder if there's something
               | similar for good architecture.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | She has it behind the paywall ;)
               | 
               | > Did you just join my team of patrons?! Yes, yes you
               | did. THANK YOU! As an official patron, you'll have access
               | to my patron-only feed, the **NEW Discord server**, as
               | well as access to the "Good House of the Month!" - The
               | antidote to the month's house roast.
               | 
               | > You'll also receive a special slideshow featuring a
               | curated collection of abandoned McMansions!
               | 
               | https://www.patreon.com/user?u=3844491
        
               | frobolo wrote:
               | That site is just about equal parts hilarious and
               | traumatic to browse.
        
           | dr-detroit wrote:
        
           | DrBazza wrote:
           | > We're still in a nuclear war mental model. We can't build
           | beautiful things if we think they'll be destroyed in a war.
           | We still have a societal level PTSD from World War I, World
           | War II, Korea, Vietnam, the Soviet Union, and other things.
           | 
           | No, we're in a capitalist mental model. It's the same in the
           | UK.
           | 
           | It's build cheap, maximise profit, and a race to the bottom.
           | 
           | Want that bas-relief from a master stonemason? No chance. Two
           | reasons - profit. Second reason, so few master stonemasons
           | because... the chase for profit and cheap buildings has
           | removed any superfluous detailing, and hence destroyed a
           | profession.
           | 
           | I can't envisage a new Chrysler building being built in the
           | US (or UK) in the near future, or any of the 20-30s
           | skyscrapers with ornate detailing up on the 40+ floor. Yes, I
           | know we're all about steel and glass, but that doesn't stop
           | elegant design and innovation.
           | 
           | It's the same on residential housing in the UK. You can just
           | see it evolve over the last century from well built bricks
           | and mortar with detailing, to modern (often grey) boxes,
           | using the cheapest materials erected in the fastest time.
        
             | scifibestfi wrote:
             | That's some other mental model.
             | 
             | Apple made beautiful products to become the most valuable
             | company in the world.
        
             | yamtaddle wrote:
             | One of the small towns I grew up in had a post office,
             | probably built in the early 20th century or very late 19th
             | (I don't recall for sure, but I'm certain it had the date
             | displayed on one or more floor or wall plaques, somewhere)
             | 
             | Heavy metal doors with perfectly smooth-operating hinges.
             | Marble _everywhere_ --floors, counters, stairs, [edit:
             | hell, even the walls!], everywhere, and this _was not_ in
             | an area that mined marble, it was surely imported from at
             | least several hundred miles away, and likely much farther.
             | Thick, ornate brass doors on the PO Boxes. Serious- and
             | heavy-looking metal light fixtures. I loved going there as
             | a kid. It seems silly, maybe, but that post office felt
             | _magical_.
             | 
             | Similar story for older libraries (including the one in
             | that same town), older university buildings (ditto), older
             | bank buildings even. They're all so _nice_ to be in, and
             | embody a confidence in some kind of permanence and
             | continuity.
             | 
             | Now all that shit's in strip malls or buildings that are
             | otherwise intended to have a 50-year lifespan at most.
             | Cheap low-pile carpet on plywood, comically fake
             | ornamentation if they bother to have any at all.
             | 
             | What's so weird is that we built basic public buildings
             | like we were rich, back when we were, relatively speaking,
             | paupers, but now that we're wildly rich we build everything
             | like we're paupers. It'd be inconceivable for anyone to get
             | half the budget it'd take to build a post office like that
             | one, for a new post office building these days.
             | 
             | Hell, even my Grandparents' cheap, small post-WWII house in
             | a cheap rural town had details that are rarely found
             | outside luxury homes today--the heavy solid-wood front door
             | and extremely solid-and-smooth-feeling metal doorknob, nice
             | metal switch-plates and heavy-feeling, satisfying switches,
             | that kind of thing. I bet you'd have to special-order a
             | storm door to get one with more than half the metal in it
             | that theirs had and it'd cost a fortune, and god, all that
             | stuff felt so _nice_ , and held up to years and years of
             | use without being the worse for it. Their whole working-
             | class neighborhood was built like that.
        
               | rovolo wrote:
               | > Cheap low-pile carpet on plywood
               | 
               | Part of it is that carpet and plywood are fabricated
               | materials. Prefabricated plywood and wall-to-wall
               | carpeting weren't really things until ~1930s. The older
               | materials seems more luxurious now, but that's because
               | the newer materials have become cheap. It's like how
               | aluminum was once more expensive than gold, but is now
               | ubiquitous because the material itself has become much
               | cheaper.
               | 
               | https://www.vam.ac.uk/articles/a-history-of-plywood-in-
               | ten-o...
               | 
               | https://www.thisoldhouse.com/flooring/21017998/all-about-
               | wal...
        
               | yamtaddle wrote:
               | Kinda, but there were definitely far-cheaper options for
               | materials in the early 20th century than ornamental sorts
               | of stone like marble, they could definitely make much
               | cheaper doors than big-ass heavy metal ones that'd still
               | last at least as long as cheap modern doors, and they
               | could make stick-built structures instead of e.g. heavy
               | stone or brick buildings back then, and they often did--
               | far nicer in some ways than ours, but that part of our
               | slide in quality has the excuse that there simply _isn
               | 't_ any lumber as good as what they used, anymore, unless
               | you tear it out of an old building--but instead they
               | chose to spend quite a bit more to make serious
               | institutional buildings _feel serious_. Even for
               | something as mundane as a post office or library in a
               | little nowheresville coal town.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | I'm sure capitalism has an effect (similar to how communism
             | built a lot of absolutely disgusting, depressing housing)
             | but I don't think capitalism created American suburban
             | homes out of thin air. There isn't anything inherently
             | cheaper about building a home that isn't symmetrical
             | regardless of materials - in fact the opposite would be
             | true.
             | 
             | I think it's less about economic models though and more
             | about a lack of societal awareness and understanding.
             | Really we need _more_ capitalism and more free markets in
             | this space in particular to provide actual market choices
             | and competition to bring prices down. It 's a tough
             | problem. A home builder making a profit on suburban homes
             | with car-only infrastructure is more of a symptom than a
             | cause.
        
               | DrBazza wrote:
               | If I'm a shareholder of a company that builds office
               | blocks, I'll be demanding dividends and a return on my
               | investment.
               | 
               | Unless the customer (e.g. Apple and their giant
               | do(ugh)nut) specifically ask for something that isn't
               | structurally significant, a construction firm isn't going
               | to add it.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | > If I'm a shareholder of a company that builds office
               | blocks, I'll be demanding dividends and a return on my
               | investment.
               | 
               | Sorry I'm not following the point here. Can you
               | elaborate?
               | 
               | > Unless the customer (e.g. Apple and their giant
               | do(ugh)nut) specifically ask for something that isn't
               | structurally significant, a construction firm isn't going
               | to add it.
               | 
               | That's my point. There isn't any competition in the
               | marketplace or any options for customers.
               | 
               | There are roughly 0 firms today that offer everyday
               | people the ability to live in any new construction that
               | isn't an asymmetrical suburban house built in a car-only
               | development. A few have popped up, granted, but these are
               | a tiny fraction of a fraction of new development in
               | America at least.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Everyday people have insufficient wealth to shop around
               | for homes or dictate design.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Many "ordinary" people who buy homes could custom-build,
               | but it costs more in time and hassle and money (mainly
               | the first two, to be sure) and then you're limited on
               | locations.
        
           | UncleOxidant wrote:
           | > I'm hopeful that ... our desire to become a space faring
           | civilization will reinvigorate the passion of our species.
           | 
           | But don't we need that passion (and hope) _before_ we can
           | become a space faring civilization? We kind of had that
           | space-faring passion back in the 60s when the US /NASA did
           | the Apollo program - at that point the general feeling was
           | that the government was capable of doing good things. That
           | general feeling has been gone for a while now and has been
           | replaced with a general distrust of institutions like
           | government. To some extent it seems like you need some level
           | of hope before you can trust.
        
           | conductr wrote:
           | Since we're talking about ugly city hall buildings...
           | 
           | > When you do a city hall, it has to convey an image of the
           | people, and this had to represent the people of Dallas ...
           | The people I met - rich and poor, powerful and not so
           | powerful - were all very proud of their city. They felt that
           | Dallas was the greatest city there was, and I could not
           | disappoint them. - I.M. Pei (architect)
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas_City_Hall
           | 
           | Despite best intentions this building feel intimidating. Just
           | walking up to it, it hangs over your head, and feels like the
           | weight of government is about to be inflicted upon me and I
           | just want to file a permit for my home security alarm. Just
           | pointing out, the artists themselves have trouble making
           | their designs match their intentions.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | It was used (with a matte painting to make it taller) as
             | the OCP building in robocop, for reference on how "evil" it
             | either already was considered or now is considered.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | the inside is even more ridiculous. It would be easier and
             | faster to get in, do what you need to do, and get out if it
             | was just an office building. No one physically goes to City
             | Hall unless there's absolutely no other option.
        
               | conductr wrote:
               | > unless there's absolutely no other option
               | 
               | I hit that scenario a couple times a year. Basic stuff
               | that a city should do online, Dallas does not.
        
           | marcosdumay wrote:
           | > I'm not religious at all but right now we face a crisis of
           | what we are building for
           | 
           | That wouldn't be bad at all, but at the same time we are
           | facing a humanistic crisis too. We don't respect the gods to
           | create things for them, and we don't respect the people to
           | create things for them.
        
           | ridgered4 wrote:
           | Never seen the Boston City Hall before. I clicked thinking
           | "How bad could it be?" and was sort of surprised at my
           | visceral negative reaction. It is truly hideous! The article
           | describes it as Brutalist, but most Soviet Brutalist stuff
           | I've seen at least gives me a sense of simplicity, efficiency
           | and usually symmetry even if the structures are depressing.
           | This building seems to have eschewed even those positive
           | traits!
        
             | eli_gottlieb wrote:
             | Massachusetts strongly dislikes you and wants you to know
             | you should go away. It's built into architecture across the
             | state.
        
           | unethical_ban wrote:
           | One of the very few things the Trump admin did that I kind of
           | liked was requiring new federal buildings to have
           | neoclassical/gothic/beaux arts styles. I wish we could look
           | at more federal buildings and say "wow, that's beautiful,
           | that's cultural". That in contrast to brutalism, for which I
           | have a slight soft spot due to growing up with it but damn
           | it's ugly.
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | > That's why architects like Frank Lloyd Wright built bunkers
           | that blended in with nature.
           | 
           | Maybe you meant architects _like_ him, but not  "him"?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright
           | 
           | he was born in 1867. Much of his important work was done
           | before WW I.
           | 
           | Have you ever been to Taliesyn or Fallingwater? Those are not
           | "bunkers that blended in with nature." Blending in with
           | nature was completely his aesthetic, so much so that Taliesyn
           | in Wisconsin was uninhabitable in the winter.
           | 
           | Most of the rest of your post, I agree with.
        
           | kansface wrote:
           | We _did_ build beautiful things post war! A driving tenant of
           | Modernism was to bring good design to the masses through mass
           | manufacturing - better living through ~science~ good design
           | (see eg MoMA 's Good Design Exhibition [1]). If you are
           | thinking chiefly about architecture, consider the Sydney
           | Opera House or the Gateway Arch. If you are thinking about
           | houses, consider the Kaufmann house [2] or the Stahl
           | House[3].
           | 
           | The fact is that we literally do not design homes in the US;
           | over 90% of homes were just built by someone. That someone
           | does not stop to consider design, aesthetics, ergonomics or
           | _joy_. House developers are more or less doing enterprise
           | sales. They just go by a checklist and the developer with the
           | most checks wins.  "Upgrades" merely change the quality of
           | the thing on the checklist (formica -> granite), but thats
           | the extent of it.
           | 
           | 1. https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/1714 2.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaufmann_Desert_House 3.
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stahl_House
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | I mean the houses are "designed" insofar as plans are drawn
             | up, etc. They're just all the "same" and the builders want
             | the ability to "add uncharges" so you have a basic house
             | that looks pretty decent, but once you select all the
             | available admins (the three car garage, dormers on every
             | root, gables everywhere) you end up with a McMansion.
        
         | sbaiddn wrote:
         | World war 1 was the suicide of Europe.
        
           | moloch-hai wrote:
           | Almost all the people who died in WWI were very young. WWII
           | was harder on people of all ages.
        
         | throw8383833jj wrote:
         | the timing fits but the reasoning doesn't. I'm having a hard
         | time believing that WW1 & 2 had an impact on consumer demand. I
         | think it's lack of appreciation of good design. People don't
         | care if their house looks like crap. All they care about is
         | that it's got a ton of car garages, and a crap ton of asphalt
         | all over the place to park all their garbage everywhere.
         | 
         | I've seen it firsthand. There's a beautiful house on a decent
         | lot with lots of nice trees and landscaping, I know of with a
         | side garage. Guess what draws all the compliments? the
         | stonework?, the bueatiful roofline? the landscaping? the
         | archicture. Nope none of those. First thing people care about
         | and compliment is the horrendous side garage to store their
         | crap in.
        
         | jiveturkey42 wrote:
         | The Mental Disorders that Gave Us Modern Architecture
         | 
         | https://commonedge.org/the-mental-disorders-that-gave-us-mod...
        
           | com2kid wrote:
           | The title image in that article is of boring old (IMHO ugly)
           | building devoid of natural light, next to a rather boring
           | looking modern building that looks like it is delightful to
           | be inside of.
           | 
           | The next image, left building, looks amazing Bright, light
           | filled, with a weather protected area underneath it for
           | social gatherings.
           | 
           | Not the best visual supporting evidence for her argument.
        
           | hooverd wrote:
           | If ever there was an example of "people who disagree with me
           | are mentally ill"... What's the solution here, maintain a
           | registry of anyone who could have an ASD and forbid/revoke
           | them from practicing architecture.
           | 
           | I do wonder if we could apply this to make more human
           | software too?
        
             | trgn wrote:
             | That's misreading the article.
             | 
             | The solution is help patrons nurture their sense of civic
             | responsibility and internal confidence so they do not
             | commission misanthropes like Le Corbusier.
        
           | trgn wrote:
           | Great article, quite provocative.
        
         | voldacar wrote:
         | A lot of people responsible for 20th century architecture
         | believed more or less that beauty is Literally Fascism, so
         | that's another component. The ugliness isn't always accidental.
        
           | tgv wrote:
           | The weird thing is: that aesthetic is also completely gone in
           | fascist art. Look at New Rome, or Speer's plans. The human
           | aspect is gone.
        
             | voldacar wrote:
             | Some of Albert Speer's stuff is pretty cool. Certainly
             | nowhere near the ugliness of anything Le Corbusier
             | designed. Though it definitely does have a kind of austere
             | bloodlessness that is also present in Italian Fascist
             | architecture, sort of monumental yet dead.
        
               | ectopod wrote:
               | Fun fact: Qatar's world cup football stadia were designed
               | by Albert Speer & Partners. This Albert was the son of
               | the Nazi.
        
           | pantalaimon wrote:
           | Even before there was the idea that ornamentation was
           | ultimately a waste of resources and is incompatible with the
           | promise of efficiency that brings about the modern world.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornament_and_Crime
        
             | masswerk wrote:
             | Still, the _Looshaus_ was rather ornamental for present day
             | standards.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Looshaus
             | 
             | There's also a considerable difference in
             | modernist/brutalist architecture and current blandness.
             | Speaking of Vienna, compare the same lot, Rathausstrasse 1,
             | Harry Gluck, 1980 [1], and current replacement [2]. (It's
             | not just the US.)
             | 
             | [1] former computation center of the city of Vienna: https:
             | //de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Rechenzentrum_Harry_Gluc...
             | 
             | [2] commercial replacement:
             | https://images.app.goo.gl/1S6Xjnk6XLmZ9XqbA
             | 
             | (BUWOG, as seen on top of the mall-like structure, is the
             | former housing cooperative for federal officers, now
             | privatized and mostly selling off the apartments. For the
             | better or - as may be feared - the worse, the replacement
             | building is literally a temple to residential building.)
        
           | api wrote:
           | Fascism via "vokisch" movements and ideas attempted to more
           | or less co-opt and own romanticism, classicism, and other
           | forms of non-"modernist" aesthetics. As a result you had a
           | counter-reaction that labeled these things fascist and
           | embraced intentionally minimal, modernist, or decadent themes
           | in rebellion against them.
           | 
           | The solution is probably to de-fascize(?) classical and
           | romantic aesthetics. Not sure how you'd do it though since if
           | you search Twitter for random people with greek and classical
           | looking avatars they're inevitably raging racist
           | totalitarians or nihilistic /pol troll types.
           | 
           | Maybe you could do it with shocking-to-fascists heresy like
           | "woke" propaganda wrapped in neoclassical high culture
           | aesthetics. No idea.
           | 
           | Of course it could also be useful to just point out that
           | fascism is really a form of "high modernism." Fascism is a
           | form of "we are smart people who know better and are going to
           | centrally plan and re-make culture the way we think it should
           | be," which is precisely what's wrong with the high modernist
           | approach to the inhabited landscape.
        
             | logicalmonster wrote:
             | > Fascism via "vokisch" movements and ideas attempted to
             | more or less co-opt and own romanticism, classicism, and
             | other forms of non-"modernist" aesthetics.
             | 
             | In my opinion, it's not so much that "fascism" (sort of a
             | useless label in today's world) has co-opted traditional
             | aesthetics, it's that the left has run away from the actual
             | concept of beauty.
             | 
             | As an example: look at the body positivity movement.
             | Everybody, no matter how obviously repulsive, is celebrated
             | as beautiful no matter what. They're not just having their
             | dignity as people recognized which is a great thing, but
             | their actual level of beauty. How can the concept of
             | aesthetics exist in a realm where everything is
             | automatically labelled as beauty?
             | 
             | To have beauty, some must be recognized as better than
             | others.
        
               | trs8080 wrote:
               | "Body positivity" is not about labeling everything as
               | beautiful but rather not labeling people who may not
               | match traditional standards of beauty as "ugly."
        
               | throwaway4aday wrote:
               | Is this actually how it's practiced? I know this is the
               | professed meaning of the term/movement but when it comes
               | to the implementation it seems to be turning into
               | something much different. Also, in this definition of
               | beauty where do you draw the line for "ugly" or is it now
               | a word without a meaning?
        
               | MSFT_Edging wrote:
               | I'm in a lot of these circles and usually it's exactly
               | how it works.
               | 
               | You see a fat person, someone says they're beautiful.
               | 
               | Do you A: call them ugly to make them feel bad
               | 
               | or
               | 
               | B: keep moving.
               | 
               | The basis of body positivity is to help folks have less
               | self hate while being like "wtf dude, don't be a dick" to
               | the people constantly criticizing them.
        
               | ogogmad wrote:
               | I agree. It's a "live and let live" movement. Not some
               | form of austere modernism.
               | 
               | Beauty of people is indeed subjective. Different
               | ethnicities have different innate preferences.
        
             | at_a_remove wrote:
        
               | bilvar wrote:
               | Those people you mention, as far as I understand you are
               | identifying what we call the 'Intelligentsia'. They are
               | the ideological siblings of the Fascists, so no wonder
               | they have the same / very similar approach.
        
             | eternalban wrote:
             | > The solution is probably to de-fascize(?) classical and
             | romantic aesthetics.
             | 
             | This is all so funny. Rewind a generation or two and all
             | this "fascist" talk was directed at folk who admired men
             | wearing togas while emitting Latin. Back then, 'to strip
             | down to its essence and meaning' was the revolutionary act.
             | 
             | > [Architecture] is a form of "we are smart people who know
             | better and are going to centrally plan and re-make culture
             | the way we think it should be,"
             | 
             | And that is the point of architecture (vs mere act of
             | building). Your myths, religions, literature, music,
             | philosophy, and architecture and most matter of
             | significance that is part and parcel of your culture was
             | most likely created and promoted by a tiny (tiny!) subset
             | of the population. Always has been. Everywhere.
             | 
             | > to centrally plan and re-make culture the way we think it
             | should be,"
             | 
             | Is, has been, and will always remain the prerogative of the
             | ruling class. All this aesthetic talk is blather masking
             | the underlying and reasonable _social angst_ regarding the
             | highly distorted wealth and power distribution among the
             | population. The clique in power sets the tone and direction
             | of culture. Heck, your kings used to have dreams, wake up
             | and change religions, and then presto pagans become
             | Christian or Jew or Muslim. [Don 't shoot the messenger.
             | Just pointing out facts.]
             | 
             | And if you think this gray "putty" business is bad, I
             | invited you to review K-Mart catalogues from 70s.
             | Everything came in two neon colors - some washed out puke
             | blue and a variation of 'dirt color'. I remember asking my
             | dad when we first came over to US (and I got my first
             | k-mart shock) as to why won't they make nicer colors for
             | the common people. It remained a puzzle for a long time,
             | this insistence on making cheap consumer items look even
             | cheaper.
             | 
             | So this gray is actually the progression from K-Mart Puke
             | Pallet -> Gap's B&W T -> faux-thoughtful "gray". It is
             | progress, of a sort, believe it or not.
        
         | Jackim wrote:
         | Are you saying that Victorian homes, as a rule, are aesthetic
         | disasters? I'm curious to learn more about this as it's not
         | something I've heard before. If you have any recommended
         | reading about that I'd greatly appreciate it.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | A lot of people refer to them as the "late 19th century
           | McMansion". They were built with intricate looking
           | woodworking which was available suddenly to a lot more people
           | due to the mechanization of woodworking tools. It didn't
           | require a craftsman to spend days carving things like it used
           | to which made those types of details only available to the
           | truly wealthy.
           | 
           | The beginning of 20th century was a complete rejection of
           | this aesthetic because it's really just trying to come off as
           | something it isn't really. So the Arts & Crafts movement
           | began where simplicity and high quality became more
           | important. This was a complete rejection of victorian
           | aesthetics.
           | 
           | Saying that, many examples of Victorian styled homes in pre-
           | war towns are beautiful and far more appreciated today. Even
           | still you see some that are just confused in what they're
           | trying to be (we might call them "eclectic" today), similar
           | to many McMansions today where they use ideas out of context.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | In support of this, actually doing detailed tours of many
             | "victorian houses" and then compare them to actual mansions
             | of the era shows significant differences.
             | 
             | Like our McMansions of today, the _houses_ often combine
             | aspects that on their own can be nice in ways that don 't
             | quite "fit".
        
       | kome wrote:
       | I am _SO_ happy to live in Europe. In a city that is universally
       | considered ugly or plain, like Milan, there is art and beauty at
       | every corner. Let 's not talk about Paris, Lyon, Madrid,
       | Barcelona, Lisbon, Porto... breathtaking places.
        
       | breakpointalpha wrote:
       | Funny, this website struck me as profoundly ugly.
       | 
       | Ugly beige and muted browns and grays.
       | 
       | Misaligned header and side columns.
       | 
       | Don't get me started on the "ugliness" of the homepage... :/
        
       | Pxtl wrote:
       | I gotta say this essay is a bit disappointing. It seems mostly an
       | excuse for the author to grouse and enjoy their own flowery
       | prose. It's the kind of writing I'd expect to see in a Neal
       | Stephenson novel, and it's fun, but it's not really useful as an
       | essay -- it offers very little insight or information.
       | 
       | I've often been curious - besides the obvious problems of
       | municipal red-tape, why is construction so expensive now? Here in
       | the first world we have more money than ever and condos were
       | going for a million apiece, so why do we build with the cheapest
       | imaginable materials? Why can we no longer afford solid steel and
       | concrete and ornament? The leftists blame corporate greed, but
       | surely with margins that huge _somebody_ would be cutting in and
       | either making buildings that were either actually affordable or
       | that used proper materials.
        
         | scythe wrote:
         | Economies of less scale may be contributing. We still use a lot
         | of concrete; use peaked in 2006. But most of that is for roads
         | and bridges. Cement mixers are dispatched much less often to
         | small projects. Developers have a strong preference for putting
         | things up quickly, not waiting for cement to cure, which is
         | compounded by high labor costs. Steel consumption has been
         | roughly constant since the '90s, but prices have doubled,
         | possibly due to energy costs. GFRP rebar performs similarly to
         | steel but generally is even more expensive (the greatest
         | misconception about plastic is that it's "cheap"), though this
         | may be compensated in the long run due to its high corrosion
         | resistance. The application of reinforced concrete is more
         | cautious than it historically was due to rebar corrosion
         | issues, requiring more waterproofing and higher safety factors;
         | GFRP is virtually immune to corrosion but has (correctly) been
         | subject to intense scrutiny to hopefully avoid a similar crisis
         | due to any unexpected failure modes.
        
       | acabal wrote:
       | I think about this a lot. I live in a large city that has a rich
       | architectural heritage, so there are old beautiful buildings all
       | around me from various eras. Neoclassical, beaux arts, art deco,
       | etc.
       | 
       | But of course the city suffers from the problem of new ugliness -
       | nearly all modern construction is in-your-face ugly, with hideous
       | blocks of primary colored plastic paneling, discordant jutting
       | shapes, and headache-inducing asymmetry. At _best_ , new
       | construction is faceless, shapeless wall-to-wall glass. But
       | that's a really sad best.
       | 
       | I often wonder if NIMBYS would be less opposed to new
       | construction if new construction actually looked beautiful. I
       | make a point to campaign to my representative in favor of
       | density, but even _I_ have to admit that a dense apartment
       | complex built in the modern-ugly style is truly unpleasant to
       | live around. The ugliness becomes quietly oppressive.
       | 
       | It's strange that Americans campaign so hard to preserve
       | beautiful buildings, but when it comes to new buildings, nobody
       | wants to build beauty any more. Truly sad.
        
       | revskill wrote:
       | Free market doesn't work ... for "good" people in some societies
       | (developing countries lead by bad dictatorship). Basically a
       | cheater will have more opportunities to destroy wealth. It's like
       | a destruction.
        
       | jmartrican wrote:
       | It could be the case that in 30 years, we look back at the
       | aesthetics of our current times with fondness and nostalgia.
        
         | dbspin wrote:
         | Likely, but probably more for the full bellies and access to
         | medical care than the aesthetics, which truly have become
         | stultifying.
        
         | DocTomoe wrote:
         | I know I am in the minority here, but I actually like brutalist
         | architecture between 1965 and 1985. Not the cookie-cutter
         | ghettos, I mean artful architecture, like Habitat 67 or the
         | Robarts Library, or the Wellcome headquarters.
        
           | zip1234 wrote:
           | There is a definite survivorship bias in buildings. The 'good
           | ones' tend to survive and the horrendous ones torn down. The
           | major problem with brutalist is that it often sacrificed
           | comfort of those using the building. Who wants a building
           | near an outside wall but having no windows?
        
           | Ygg2 wrote:
           | I too like brutalist architecture for its sincerity. Big
           | Cities are inherently ugly. Brutalist architecture just don't
           | pretend they are pretty.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | muro wrote:
             | Big cities can be ugly, but don't have to be. Less car
             | centric, more green cities can be very pretty. Any
             | brutalist architecture in those is terrible, making the
             | place look worse on purpose.
        
             | zip1234 wrote:
             | Big cities are not inherently ugly. What makes a big city
             | ugly to you?
        
           | jmartrican wrote:
           | I like it too. I especially like it for big government
           | agencies, like FBI and post-office. Gives the impression of
           | "we are not here to f*k around".
        
             | itsyaboi wrote:
             | I too enjoy the deep paternalistic emotions evoked by
             | government buildings.
        
       | debacle wrote:
       | Because art has never been more separate from the people.
       | 
       | There are small local art galleries in my city. They are vibrant,
       | and full of the kind of art I want to look at. Meanwhile, the
       | local big name art gallery (which just rebranded to an acronym
       | because apparently that's what you do now) is cold, and in many
       | ways hideous.
       | 
       | The financial networks that drive nearly everything, but
       | especially art, have been overly centralized. This has only been
       | beneficial for a small minority.
        
       | kriskrunch wrote:
       | The article is lacking illustrative photos to support the
       | claims... If McModern is so common, I assume providing or
       | producing photos should be easy
        
         | yunwal wrote:
         | I mean, you can just Google "Modern Highrise apartment
         | building". If the author lives in SF and writes to a mostly SF
         | audience, they'll immediately know what they're talking about.
        
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