[HN Gopher] Exoskeletons qualify for direct disability compensat...
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       Exoskeletons qualify for direct disability compensation in Germany
        
       Author : bookofjoe
       Score  : 125 points
       Date   : 2022-12-04 17:04 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.therobotreport.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.therobotreport.com)
        
       | DoreenMichele wrote:
       | Because of the importance of muscle action to the process of
       | returning lymphatic fluid to the circulatory system, I would
       | assume that exoskeletons are likely to be much better for one's
       | health than a wheelchair.
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25427090
        
       | hh3k0 wrote:
       | Always bums me out a bit when I read about health insurance
       | providers fighting tooth and nail to prevent or delay
       | improvements in patient care.
        
         | number6 wrote:
         | Only acceptable answer would be to check if it really works and
         | not some kind of scam.
        
         | DoreenMichele wrote:
         | Most health insurance really should not exist. It's a
         | fundamentally messed up idea.
         | 
         | Insurance is a _bet_. You look at the odds and price things
         | accordingly so you can cover the occasional big payout with the
         | premiums from people who don 't "win" so to speak. Playing with
         | the lives and health of people to try to skew the bottom line
         | one way or the other is fundamentally a stupid human practice.
         | 
         | Government should provide some basic health services to protect
         | the health of the nation as a whole, just like government tends
         | to provide fire fighting services because letting one fool burn
         | his own home down can burn down a lot more than just his home.
         | 
         | It's a complicated topic and a pet peeve of mine. This approach
         | to trying to keep people healthy is deeply flawed.
         | 
         | Edit: Though I'm really not sure what your comment has to do
         | with this article, to be honest.
        
           | netrus wrote:
           | Insurance is a bet for the person taking the insurance, not
           | the one offering it. Just as casinos are not gambling. Law of
           | large numbers and all that.
           | 
           | I agree that it's a weird business to be in (and certainly
           | the US has not figured out the best approach), but this
           | article is about Germany, and generally I think we strike the
           | right balance here. Not in every detail, there is still a lot
           | of room for improvement (too many insurances, too little
           | competition between them, some questionable decisions about
           | reimbursement) - but I wouldn't dare to claim that I could
           | consistently make better decisions.
        
             | DoreenMichele wrote:
             | I worked in insurance for over five years. It's a bet by
             | both parties and the law of large numbers matters less in
             | health than it does in other kinds of insurance because
             | (most) health outcomes are not actually the result of a
             | random number generator going "Tag! You are it!"
             | 
             | People make health choices every minute of every day and
             | the landscape of health insurance is rapidly evolving due
             | to the ability to track biometrics with wearables, among
             | other things.
             | 
             | I'm thrilled to see this article. It seems like really good
             | news for people with paralysis.
        
         | oaiey wrote:
         | That is most likely a general tactic. If you are an early
         | adopter, you also carry the initial extra cost. Take
         | exoskeleton, gene therapy, ... whatever. When they fight it for
         | ... let us say ... 10 years, the cost has gone significantly
         | down to a probably reasonable level.
         | 
         | Health Insurance companies (especially non-totally-private
         | ones) have an ugly battle of balancing the costs with the good
         | of the many and not the individual.
        
       | euroderf wrote:
       | Robert Heinlein would be so psyched that exoskeleton battlesuits
       | (potentially, at least: got mods?) are underwritten by the social
       | welfare state.
        
         | mrits wrote:
         | Can't wait until they become mainstream and equipped with wifi.
         | I can finally build my army
        
       | theptip wrote:
       | Here's a thought - at what price point is it cheaper to buy
       | everyone that needs one an exoskeleton than to rebuild every
       | building to be ADA accessible?
        
         | dgant wrote:
         | ADA accessibility adds value to more than just the disabled.
         | Wielding a stroller provokes appreciation.
        
           | harimau777 wrote:
           | Maybe new parents could get an exoskeleton that lets them
           | carry the stroller upstairs as easy as lifting a feather.
           | Heaven knows new parents need all the help they can get!
        
         | musingsole wrote:
         | Around the same time that we cross that threshold, I expect
         | we'll cross another where robots of various types might exist
         | as infrastructure and so demand the same ramps as ADA but for
         | different reasons.
        
         | anonporridge wrote:
         | Parallel thought.
         | 
         | Would there be some resistance from some subset of disabled
         | people to be forced to use exoskeletons in place of wheelchairs
         | if we decided to go this route?
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | There will always be resistance when people are told what
           | they have to do. Look at recent experience with the pandemic.
        
         | profile53 wrote:
         | Interesting question. I suspect that would be intrinsically
         | tied to rate of manufacture. The cost of manufacturing
         | exoskeletons will decrease over time while the cost of labor
         | and building modifications will likely decrease.
        
         | nickphx wrote:
         | I think there are far more benefits than more easy access to
         | public accommodations.. From the article, the patients that
         | used the exoskeletons had an improved quality of life,
         | reduction in pain from being wheel chair bound and were able to
         | taper dosage on pain medication.
        
         | ralusek wrote:
         | I propose that each building be equipped with a R2-D2/The
         | Matrix brain jack terminal, so that the disabled can jack in to
         | simulated experience of the building, thus freeing architecture
         | from ADA constraints. I also vehemently oppose letting people
         | connect from the comfort of their own homes, because it doesn't
         | fit the aesthetic of my cyberpunk flavor.
        
         | gibrown wrote:
         | I think you are seriously overestimating the utility of these
         | right now. It is not just about cost, they are more limited
         | than wheelchairs in many ways.
        
           | theptip wrote:
           | I'm assuming they will continue to improve.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | second order idea: give a lot of exoskeleton so rebuilding to
         | ADA standard becomes cheap :)
        
         | Cass wrote:
         | Most wheelchair users are either elderly or suffering from some
         | other deteriorating condition associated with pain, overall
         | weakness, or instability, and will therefore likely not be able
         | to use these. (Note that even in the promotional images, people
         | are using crutches to balance in addition to the exo-
         | skeletons.)
         | 
         | The classic "strong above the waist, paralyzed from the waist
         | down" image of a wheelchair user that people might have from eg
         | the paralympics is the minority.
        
       | amacbride wrote:
       | One the insurance companies realize that this sort of device
       | would be much cheaper than a home health aide, I expect adoption
       | will grow.
        
         | random314 wrote:
         | Insurance companies want health expenses to increase, not
         | decrease.
        
           | kylevedder wrote:
           | What? They want their bottom line to decrease, not increase.
           | The fastest way to increase their bottom line is to cut
           | costs.
        
             | random314 wrote:
             | Insurance can only have a fixed percentage profit mandated
             | by US law.
             | 
             | Decreasing the bottomline would literally decrease their
             | profits.
        
             | ben_w wrote:
             | From what I'm seeing, I suspect insurance companies have
             | multiple internal groups, at least one that want to reduce
             | expenses and at least one that wants to increase revenues.
             | Each is motivated independently of the other.
        
             | ericd wrote:
             | Insurance tends to have maximum profit percentages
             | mandated, at least in the US. I'm not an expert in this,
             | but I assume that this results in a bit of a perverse
             | incentive where the only way to increase your profit is to
             | increase your costs.
        
               | rjtavares wrote:
               | If that was the case expenses would never be rejected.
               | The truth is more complicated than that.
        
               | tedunangst wrote:
               | No, because their income as capped at the premiums
               | collected. They want to spend 80% on expenses, but not
               | more than that. But they also want projected expenses for
               | next year to go up.
        
           | epgui wrote:
           | I think all insurance companies care about is being able to
           | price out the risk of fat tail events.
           | 
           | It's not clear that higher overall costs are always
           | beneficial to insurance companies, because rising premiums
           | might reduce demand for their products. This would depend a
           | lot on the regulatory framework (ie.: which country or laws
           | apply).
        
           | madsbuch wrote:
           | I think the main argument is that the insurance companies, in
           | particular in the US, wants a certain percentage discount
           | with the health care providers. The easiest way to provide
           | substantial discount to an insurance company is by increasing
           | the general price.
           | 
           | This is not the case in most European countries that they use
           | a mostly publicly funded system.
        
           | mwedwards wrote:
           | Insurance companies want expenses to be predictable first and
           | foremost, given the fixed nature of premiums.
        
           | zyx321 wrote:
           | Germany has free health care, so it's in the insurance's best
           | interest to keep the cost low.
        
             | lnsru wrote:
             | There is nothing free in Germany. I see every month ~800EUR
             | leaving my account. It's on par to Swiss one and as I heard
             | not far from the one in USA. And it's not good!!! This free
             | health care pays only for basic and/or old treatments.
        
               | igorkraw wrote:
               | With what income, which insurance and what type of issue?
               | German public healthcare is pretty comprehensive and
               | cheap (one of the few things I miss) and definitely not
               | on par in terms of price with Switzerland which is _even_
               | further away from the US nightmare
        
             | luckylion wrote:
             | In the same way that it's in the bureaucracy's best
             | interest to be lean and efficient and serve the citizens,
             | because they're funded by taxes. And we all know how that
             | goes.
             | 
             | Public insurance companies in Germany are motivated not to
             | deviate too much from the average results of other public
             | insurance companies, but they don't have any incentive
             | (besides the same one that applies to the state in general)
             | to lower the costs.
        
               | igorkraw wrote:
               | Not really. Public insurance in Germany was explicitly
               | designed to have independent governing bodies, which is
               | why you get to _vote_ on certain decisions. Few people
               | do, but it 's one of the examples of non-state democratic
               | governance that is a success story (another being
               | cooperatives...)
        
           | Cass wrote:
           | Not in Germany, they don't. Barmer is a "gesetzliche
           | Krankenkasse"/public insurance, which means most of their
           | members' premiums are legally limited to a certain percentage
           | of their members' income, and while they can and do raise
           | their premiums occasionally, that's always a topic of
           | political debate and needs a better justification than "a
           | very small percentage of our members need expensive exo-
           | skeletons now."
           | 
           | They have no ability to raise premiums on specific members
           | with high healthcare costs.
        
             | random314 wrote:
             | I was talking about US insurance where profit percentage is
             | fixed, hence reducing bottomline reduces profits.
        
               | GeckoEidechse wrote:
               | Well the article is a about German health insurance so
               | without mentioning it explicitly it's not clear that you
               | were talking about the US system :P
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | There's more to the world than the parochial ways of
               | central north america so such locale specific
               | observations deserve to be qualified for the benefit of
               | the wider HN readership.
        
             | schleck8 wrote:
             | This must be wrong because US health insurance is evil /s
        
           | kevsamuel wrote:
           | If they are private, yes. But in countries like France, they
           | don't try to make money on health, and the goal is to get
           | less people sick, not to milk them.
        
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       (page generated 2022-12-04 23:01 UTC)