[HN Gopher] Samsung's Android app-signing key has leaked, is bei...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Samsung's Android app-signing key has leaked, is being used to sign
       malware
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 257 points
       Date   : 2022-12-04 12:49 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | everyone wrote:
       | I mean considering the level of shitware samsung install on their
       | phones (and make difficult to remove or disable) it will be hard
       | to tell the difference between the official stuff and straight up
       | honest malware.
        
         | neodymiumphish wrote:
         | I used to feel that way, but since the S10 series, there are
         | very few things built into the Galaxy line that fall in the
         | description of shitware anymore. McAfee's device protection
         | shit definitely, but other than that, I can't think of any
         | forced crapware on my last 3 unlocked Galaxy devices.
        
           | vladvasiliu wrote:
           | Do you specifically mean Galaxy S?
           | 
           | I bought a Galaxy A33 the other day for my mother. It came
           | full of crapware. All kinds of Samsung this-or-the-other.
           | Some of the apps can be disabled, but not all. Like parts of
           | Bixby (= Samsung's assistant? no idea) can be disabled if you
           | click through a warning, but others cannot.
           | 
           | There is also a bunch of 3rd party crap pre-installed, like
           | MS Onedrive, Facebook, Tiktok.
           | 
           | And it pushes hard to use Onedrive instead of google drive.
           | 
           | There's also a separate, Samsung store, and some functions
           | seem to require a Samsung account.
        
             | japanman425 wrote:
        
           | rightbyte wrote:
           | Bixby, Samsung Pay?
           | 
           | To add injury Bixby hijacks a physical button and Samsung Pay
           | a swipe direction.
        
           | MikusR wrote:
           | Last shitware i can remember was the 3rd party IR remote
           | control software they bundled with Note3/4, because a couple
           | years later it was updated to have ads on lockscreen. But it
           | was easily disableable from the app list.
           | 
           | The latest Samsung device i have is tab s8 from this year and
           | the software i would call bloat was all the Google stuff like
           | Youtube, Youtube music, Duo, Chrome, Google search. And worst
           | of all the Google assistant that you have to go to multiple
           | places to disable.
        
             | annerajb wrote:
             | You bought a android phone. Google forces Samsung to put
             | their Google crap on it and activate/ configure it a
             | certain way before they certify the device firmware for
             | Google play store download/access.
             | 
             | If you don't want it the only option is a non android os
             | such as oxygen.
        
               | Operyl wrote:
               | Oxygen is still Android, though..? Your next concern
               | should be what the CCP might be forcing them to add in
               | eventually.
        
           | AuthorizedCust wrote:
           | You have no Samsung-built software beyond the minimum needed
           | to make it work well on the hardware!?
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | You are lucky to have an Unlocked device. Most people don't
           | and get the carrier's kitchen sink of added bloat.
        
             | mmastrac wrote:
             | Is that a thing anywhere outside of the US? I thought
             | Europe moved past that.
        
           | aceazzameen wrote:
           | I agree. In fact I have to install MORE Samsung software
           | (their Good Lock apps) because I loathe the UX of modern
           | Android. Good Lock's customization options make for a better
           | experience IMO.
        
       | kyrra wrote:
       | Fyi, this is related to the story from 2 days ago:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33823946
       | 
       | An important comment from the original story:
       | 
       | > OEMs have mitigated the issues above in previous updates. A new
       | security update from Android is not required to mitigate these
       | issues. Ensuring your device is running the latest version of
       | Android is a general best security practice for users.
       | 
       | Though the ars story says Samsung is signing their first party
       | apps with it still. So who knows.
        
         | mattl wrote:
         | It's my understanding that most Android devices don't get OEM
         | updates for very long
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | Manufacturers have been extending the support life cycle for
           | the past few years. Samsung provides five years of updates
           | for most phones, for example, with four years of Android
           | updates. Still not great, but a lot better than the single
           | year of updates you used to get.
           | 
           | Extremely cheap brands don't tend to do updates much,
           | especially Android version updates.
           | 
           | Mid-range phones land somewhere in the middle; some have
           | budget hardware with decent support, but other brands get
           | good hardware for dirt cheap in exchange of basically no
           | software support after buying the phone. The latter is great
           | if you're planning on using custom ROMs to extend the life
           | time of your dirt cheap hardware, but quite terrible for
           | people who are used to buying phones four times the price and
           | expecting the same level of support, thinking they just
           | scored a good deal.
        
           | neodymiumphish wrote:
           | This is true in the sense that most android devices are
           | small/cheap off brand or Chinese devices sold across low-
           | income markets, like Africa and the Middle East. Any mid- or
           | top-tier Android devices, such as Pixels and Galaxy devices
           | which compete directly with Apple, are usually on a monthly
           | security update cadence for at least 3 years.
        
             | hnra wrote:
             | 3 years of support sounds like the bare minimum you can
             | expect, and that is what the most expensive brand offer?
        
               | loeg wrote:
               | It used to be only ~18 months for top-end Android phones.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | A new Samsung Galaxy S22 (and above) has 5 years of
               | support. 4 major Android updates and 1 year of security
               | updates. For the Pixel 6/7/Pro (including the cheaper
               | 6a), it's also 5 years, but only 3 major Android upgrades
               | and 2 of security updates.
               | 
               | Not as good as an iPhone (5-6 years), but it's improving.
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | If you include years where you only get a security
               | update, but not an OS update, then the 2014 iPhone 5s is
               | still supported today, since it's last update was in
               | August.
        
               | officialjunk wrote:
               | that's an important distinction. i don't have an android,
               | but i get the sense that by "supported" we are talking
               | about continuing to receive security updates. i am not
               | sure my assumption is correct, though. do new samsung
               | phones stop receiving security updates in 5 years?
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | You get at least 5 years of security updates with a new
               | Samsung flagship[0]. During those 5 years, you'll use 4
               | major Android versions (there's a new one each year, like
               | iOS). The last year of support is essentially security
               | patches for the Android version released in the previous
               | year.
               | 
               | On top of this, since Android 10 (2019), some security
               | and feature updates come directly from Google (delivered
               | via the app store) and continue after the brand stops
               | supporting the device.
               | 
               | These security updates Apple, Samsung, etc, release years
               | after the phone reaches end-of-life are a bit misleading.
               | The update for the iPhone 5S fixed an exploit on Webkit,
               | but everything else remains unpatched. Same with the
               | update Samsung released for the Galaxy S7 (released
               | before they had a 5 year support policy)... it fixed a
               | GPS bug. That's it.
               | 
               | So while these updates are better than nothing, it's
               | important to understand that the device is not up-to-date
               | or secure.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | [0] The 50-100 dollars device sold in low income markets
               | won't have the same level of long term support as $500+
               | devices. We can't compare them to Apple here as Apple
               | doesn't compete in that market.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | I don't know how to feel about those "security updates".
               | That iPhone 5s is still running an outdated Safari
               | browser, for example. The device isn't secure.
               | 
               | When I think about long term support, I'm thinking about
               | the kind of support Windows, Linux LTS, etc, provide.
               | When Apple, Samsung, etc, release the type of updates you
               | mention, they're just fixing one of the many security
               | problems the device has.
               | 
               | It's like fixing the lock on a door of a building full of
               | broken windows and call it secure. I guess it's better
               | than nothing, but it's not proper maintenance.
        
               | aYsY4dDQ2NrcNzA wrote:
               | You're saying that Webkit hasn't been updated on the 5s?
               | 
               | How do you know?
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | The changelog for iOS 12.5.6 mentions a fix for a Webkit
               | exploit, so I guess Webkit was updated? The current
               | version of Webkit/Safari doesn't run on iOS 12 (released
               | in 2018) though (as far as I'm aware).
               | 
               | On a side note, if we want to use this a proof of good
               | long term support, then Android is even better. Phones
               | running Android 7 (2016) are using the latest
               | Chrome/Webview version (108). The difference is that
               | updates are delivered via the Play Store and not as
               | system updates.
        
             | yakubin wrote:
             | 3 years of updates is no competition for Apple.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | It got better in the past 2 years. The latest Pixel or
               | Samsung gives you 5 years of support. 3 major updates + 2
               | years of security updates on the Pixel and 4 major
               | updates + 1 year of security updates on a Samsung. An
               | iPhone gets you 6 major iOS updates, I think.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | It's taken them up to the past 2 years to still be this
               | much less than a competitor? We've had smart devices like
               | this since 2007. It took 13 years to get to a point of
               | still being inferior.
               | 
               | You're not impressing me at all here.
        
               | nkozyra wrote:
               | It's probably not a huge priority, given the replacement
               | cadence of most phone users.
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/619788/average-
               | smartphon....
               | 
               | If, on average, people are replacing their phone within
               | three years, 5 years or more of support is largely
               | marketing.
        
               | jshzglr wrote:
               | I agree with this. 5 years seems like plenty until
               | smartphones sufficiently plateau resulting in longer
               | ownership. I believe this is another case of HN's biases
               | versus the 80-90% that the major players actually build
               | for.
               | 
               | And ironically, I highly doubt the majority of the users
               | here on HN use their devices through their EOL. They just
               | like the idea, philosophically.
        
               | celsoazevedo wrote:
               | Apple didn't start with 6 years of support. Everyone
               | keeps improving.
               | 
               | Android has to play catch up because of the way it works
               | and because OEMs don't control everything. Apple develops
               | their own SoC, while most Android OEMs have to use a SoC
               | from Qualcomm or Mediatek... which also need to support
               | new Android versions. All this is improving... slowly. In
               | other areas it has been better than iOS for years (eg:
               | apps like the browser receive updates via the app store
               | even after end-of-life, same with some Android features).
               | 
               | Everything has trade-offs. A $500 Windows laptop gets
               | better support than my $3500 Macbook Pro, and we've had
               | laptops for a long, long time. Still, I own a Mac. I also
               | use Android because it lets me do more than iOS.
        
               | kelnos wrote:
               | If Qualcomm stops supporting a particular chipset version
               | after N years, all the Android OEMs that use Qualcomm
               | chips can't do anything about it. Apple, however, builds
               | their own SoCs, so they can support them as long as they
               | want.
               | 
               | Google has recently managed to strike some better deals
               | with Qualcomm to get updates for 5 years for the latest
               | crop of Pixel devices. I agree it's still not as good as
               | Apple, but that's just how market forces work, and shows
               | you who has the most leverage.
               | 
               | I don't think anyone is trying to "impress" anyone;
               | merely stating the facts as they are.
        
             | bombolo wrote:
             | Samsung generally takes several months to fix 0days.
             | 
             | source: have owned a samsung and took notice of when the
             | update came
        
               | Shraal wrote:
               | Samsung improved it's update process (and probably
               | pipeline?) dramatically in the past years[1] and the
               | software became much better and more polished.
               | 
               | I received the Android 13 update in November and less
               | than two weeks later another security update. This
               | indicates to me that they roll out updates as fast as
               | possible. Normally I get the monthly security update in
               | the first half of the month.
               | 
               | EDIT: I should probably mention that I usually only buy
               | Samsung's flagships but the midrange device are getting
               | the same treatment AFAIK.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.androidpolice.com/2021/02/22/samsung-
               | solidifies-...
        
           | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
           | My S9 was getting updates as late as a few weeks ago.
        
             | mattl wrote:
             | When did that come out?
        
             | FeistySkink wrote:
             | What's the latest security update? I just checked S9 I have
             | in a drawer and it's from March 2022.
        
               | clsec wrote:
               | My ultra cheap, as in free, Samsung is running Android 12
               | with security updates from October 1 2022.
        
               | bouke wrote:
               | "Free" means paid through your contract though, so that
               | doesn't really add anything to your point.
        
             | Tijdreiziger wrote:
             | That was just a GPS (?) update. I have an S9 too, if you
             | check the security patch level (Settings > About phone >
             | Software information), it's still at March 1, 2022 (and
             | there aren't any further updates scheduled).
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Can they revoke the key?
        
       | largepeepee wrote:
       | I don't get it, the problem has been known for awhile so why
       | hasn't the key been replaced?
       | 
       | Anyone can do a ELI5 on the app signing key replacement
       | difficulty?
       | 
       | It isn't covered in the article and seems too high level for a
       | layman like me.
        
         | g_p wrote:
         | In the world of Android, apps are signed (including
         | system/platform apps) through a trust-on-first-use system.
         | There's no PKI with roots and intermediates which could support
         | easily enabling a quick fix.
         | 
         | On Android, an updated app is validated by the system to be
         | signed by the same signing key hash as was used previously.
         | 
         | The most recent (v3, IIRC) apk signing scheme allows you to
         | update an APK and sign it with the old key, and committing a
         | future new signing key, which permits re-keying an app.
         | 
         | To use this, I believe you need to ship a platform (operating
         | system) update, as the underlying apps are signed using old APK
         | signing schemes.
         | 
         | These OEMs are likely not always shipping the latest OS
         | version, but could look to techniques used in the custom
         | firmware world, where there are tools to allow reflashing the
         | OS without losing app data when changing system signing key.
         | 
         | It requires engineering effort for already released devices
         | though, so I suspect we will see very little action - as usual,
         | the eyes are on the future products, not on previously released
         | products.
         | 
         | I assume Google play protect will be used to carefully patrol
         | and detect apps on devices signed by the leaked keys, but this
         | isn't hugely helpful for anyone concerned about "zeroday" style
         | targeted attacks against them.
        
           | kar5pt wrote:
           | So why exactly can't they do an OS update with the new
           | signing keys? OEMs put out OS updates all the time. Plus if
           | they don't want to do that, they could update their
           | individual apps to use the v3 signing schema. They've had 6
           | years to figure this out.
        
             | altfredd wrote:
             | They can but don't want to. There is no multi-billion
             | profit in that.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | zitterbewegung wrote:
         | So the signing key for Samsung Android phones were leaked so
         | that any software that is loaded is signed such that it comes
         | from the App Store is trusted. The problem for OEMs is that
         | developing and distributing a new key requires a Firmware
         | update and it isn't trivial to develop for QA/QC because if
         | they make a mistake with the keys then devices could be unable
         | to load apps from the App Store.
        
           | lern_too_spel wrote:
           | Not any app installed from the app store but any app signed
           | using Samsung's keys. Such an app could get any permission it
           | pleases when installed. The app store can easily block apps
           | signed with Samsung's keys, but a few people can probably be
           | convinced to download the app outside the app store, which
           | could easily be flagged by Play Protect if it is a Google-
           | flavored phone, preventing install. I don't know if these
           | systems have actually been updated to do this, but I imagine
           | they would be.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> and it isn't trivial to develop for QA/QC because if they
           | make a mistake with the keys then devices could be unable to
           | load apps from the App Store.
           | 
           | Well then they better do some f..ing testing. They're only
           | one of the biggest tech companies in existence. Making phones
           | isn't trivial either!
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | Making a phone is dead easy: contract one of the ton of
             | third party manufacturers in China to supply you with one
             | of their white-label designs, pay for them and ship them.
             | 
             | The stuff _around_ it is where the complexity lies: making
             | sure you get updates and have infrastructure to distribute
             | these to customers, that you apply for and get
             | certifications from regulatory agencies and, in the US,
             | carriers, deal with e-waste and warranty regulatory
             | requirements (which is a pain in the EU), establish a
             | supply chain for spare parts...
        
       | TheBrokenRail wrote:
       | While it's obviously bad that people are making malware with this
       | key, I do wonder if there could be a silver lining. Samsung and
       | Google lock a lot of cool permissions behind system apps. I
       | wonder if you could use this key to sign you own apps (or make
       | modified versions of existing system apps) and get the benefits
       | of rooting without actually rooting (especially on devises that
       | don't allow unlocking the bootloader)?
        
         | japanman425 wrote:
        
       | charles_f wrote:
       | > These companies _somehow_ had their signing keys leaked to
       | outsiders
       | 
       | I can dream, but I would love to know what this "somehow" is.
       | Such a leak is a major security threat to a sizeable portion of
       | phone users. Disclaiming what happened and what you are doing
       | about it would be good.
       | 
       | Generally speaking I don't have much trust in anything a large
       | company is building. In this case, this is very likely they
       | haven't used an HSM for something at the root of the security for
       | stuff like Samsung Pay... This is a major smell to me.
        
         | cptskippy wrote:
         | > I would love to know what this "somehow" is.
         | 
         | Multiple independent business units developing apps and needing
         | to share the same signing key. Probably contracting out
         | development to other firms.
         | 
         | Neither Google or Apple offer robust ways to effectively
         | delegate App develop while retaining secrets needed to publish
         | an App. So you effectively need a FTE managing and supporting
         | all of these groups.
        
           | charles_f wrote:
           | Or, and it's crazy but hear me out, use an HSM to sign these
           | apps instead of distributing keys
        
         | rolph wrote:
         | not too long ago i belive there was a dump of samsung IP
         | materials, and proprietary tech resources, if it wasnt there
         | somehow, the method could have been in there.
        
       | ornornor wrote:
       | Just when it seems like we've reached the bottom on the level of
       | Samsung's incompetence, it just drops deeper.
       | 
       | I've avoided Samsung anything for years because of their total
       | disregard for security and total contempt towards their users.
        
         | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
         | _> I've avoided Samsung anything for years because of their
         | total disregard for security and total contempt towards their
         | users._
         | 
         | The thing is, if you live in the west then all the other major
         | Android brands aren't better at all. There just are no good
         | options anymore. HTC went bust, OnePlus turned to shit, LG
         | threw in the towel, Sony's SW updates cycle is unimpressive for
         | how expensive they are, Google Pixels are buggy as hell and not
         | available in every country, and Motorola, Nokia and Blackberry
         | are basically rebadged Chinese OEM designs. This lack of good
         | options explains why Android lost so much market share to iOS
         | in the last years.
         | 
         | Excluding Chinese phone makers, Samsung is pretty much the only
         | big player in town from a western aligned nation, that has its
         | shit mostly together as of present, promising 5 years of
         | updates, having service and distribution centers in most
         | countries around the world and a wide portfolio covering all
         | price brackets.
         | 
         | For example, if you're in the market for a new relatively
         | affordable mid-range ~300 Euro phone, then Samsung is pretty
         | much your safest bet in the Android space.
         | 
         | Sure, there are better option like Fairphone but those are far
         | away from being globally mainstream.
        
           | wnevets wrote:
           | > Google Pixels are buggy as hell,
           | 
           | That hasn't been my experience.
        
             | r12343a_19 wrote:
             | Hm...
             | 
             | 1. GPS didn't work in the background for me. A few OS
             | updates and some Waze updates later it seems I do get turn-
             | by-turn directions.
             | 
             | 2. GPU artefacts in Minecraft and Firefox. A few OS,
             | Minecraft and Firefox updates later and it all "just
             | works".
             | 
             | 3. Fingerprint sensor works well except when you need it.
             | Murphy's law for sure.
             | 
             | 4. I'm in a low signal area and it seems to be unable to
             | receive calls sometimes. I've had people tell me they
             | called and my phone just didn't ring (it's not do not
             | disturb).
             | 
             | Overall is a decent phone but it was a struggle for the
             | high price it had.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | That's funny since the Pixel 6 has had so many people
             | complaining about various bugs.
             | 
             | Google has no quality consistency both with SW and HW, it's
             | all hit and miss with their Pixel range. Some turned out
             | great, some were abasically e-waste.
             | 
             | IMHO they peaked with the Nexus 5 and then went downhill
             | after that. Then current Pixel 7 seems to be an exception.
        
               | wnevets wrote:
               | > That's funny since the Pixel 6 has had so many people
               | complaining about various bugs.
               | 
               | Like what?
        
               | vladikoff wrote:
               | * Buggy pull down brightness switcher. * Buggy do not
               | disturb mode * Camera app bugs out when taking photos,
               | random frame drops in video recordings. * Sharing menus -
               | slow, suggestions are poor. * broken launcher + third-
               | party launcher support. * buggy compass calibration *
               | buggy 911 support
        
               | wnevets wrote:
               | I haven't needed to call 911 or use a 3rd party launcher
               | but I haven't noticed any of those other issues.
        
           | ornornor wrote:
           | For about 300 eur you can get 1.5 used iPhone SE 2020 in
           | perfect condition. I know, I've bought several recently. Not
           | saying Apple is the greatest in general but that's an
           | alternative. I personally don't regret switching over to
           | iPhones years ago. And I only ever buy iPhones from Apple.
           | And I buy them used because they're insanely expensive
           | otherwise.
           | 
           | That aside, Samsung's shittiness extends far beyond
           | smartphones. Their TVs are a disaster, their appliances fail
           | just outside warranty, their wearable and speakers are
           | spyware just like the rest of their products... the only
           | thing from them not on my shitlist are semis or components
           | like ram because there isn't much that can go wrong on this
           | kind of commodity product.
        
             | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
             | You're moving the goal-posts. I was talking about new
             | phones, not second hand one, as many people prefer buying
             | new for the full 2 year warranty and that added peace of
             | mind. A basic new SE is 550 Euros, far away from the ~300
             | Euros price bracket. Also, I haven't found used iPhones to
             | buy directly from Apple in EU. Maybe you can point me in
             | the right direction.
             | 
             | I tried to get my mom a 2020 SE since that's the phone my
             | employer gave me and she hated the tiny, dim, low
             | resolution display but she loves her Samsung A52 though,
             | with its big and bright OLED display while being cheaper
             | than the SE. Also battery life is longer on her A52 than on
             | my work SE.
             | 
             | Different people have different requirements for a
             | smartphone that go beyond the brand and reputation (display
             | size, brightness, USB-C, etc). iPhone SE is not a one-size
             | fits all solution for everyone.
        
               | petesergeant wrote:
               | Used iPhones from Apple in the EU:
               | 
               | https://www.apple.com/de/shop/refurbished/iphone
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | For once the headline is underselling the scope of the issue.
       | 
       |  _" some of the compromised keys: Samsung, LG, and Mediatek are
       | the heavy hitters on the list of leaked keys, along with some
       | smaller OEMs like Revoview and Szroco, which makes Walmart's Onn
       | tablets."_
        
         | rodgerd wrote:
         | "Mediatek" is functionally equivalent to "every cheap Android
         | device".
        
           | gjsman-1000 wrote:
           | They also show up in a million other places.
           | 
           | That Sony Google TV? MediaTek.
           | 
           | Google Chromecast? MediaTek.
           | 
           | Blu-ray Player? MediaTek.
           | 
           | Random IoT device? Likely MediaTek.
        
           | japanman425 wrote:
        
       | coldcode wrote:
       | The main issue to me seems to be sideloading apps, playstore apps
       | seem to be protected. Sideloaded apps could be anything since its
       | the app key that is compromised.
        
         | svnpenn wrote:
         | > The main issue to me seems to be sideloading apps
         | 
         | I think you could phrase that better. Sideloading apps is not
         | an "issue", it's an incredibly important tool that developers
         | can use to audit the behavior of apps.
        
           | bitwize wrote:
           | Google could do what Apple does, and allow sideloading for a
           | limited time only to those with a paid developer account.
           | 
           | With the continuing security problems, it is increasingly
           | being proven out that Apple got the app ecosystem right, from
           | the get-go, with their walled garden approach. The benefits
           | of such vastly outweigh the costs to a few tinkerers (and
           | malicious actors) when you're building a product for the
           | average bear.
        
             | lern_too_spel wrote:
             | No need to be so draconian. Security should be built to
             | protect users, not Apple's profits. Play Protect could
             | easily flag the APK downloaded outside the Play Store with
             | Samsung's keys and prevent install.
        
             | svnpenn wrote:
             | > Google could do what Apple does, and allow sideloading
             | for a limited time only to those with a paid developer
             | account.
             | 
             | that is the worst idea I have heard in a long time. what
             | happens to developers, like me, that cannot afford a "paid
             | developer account"? and whats to stop Google (or Apple)
             | from raising the fee so high that it prices out important
             | people from the process?
        
             | orangecat wrote:
             | I continue to be astounded when seeing takes like this on a
             | site called Hacker News. If this had been the attitude in
             | the 80s and 90s, we'd be in a Microsoft (or IBM)
             | monoculture today and the web wouldn't exist.
        
             | TheBrokenRail wrote:
             | Apple doing what they do is the main reason I will never
             | buy an iPhone. It's my phone and I should be able to
             | install whatever I want on it.
        
             | GeekyBear wrote:
             | Anybody can sideload without a developer account, but your
             | phone will have to connect to your home WiFi network at
             | least once a week for your PC or Mac to keep the app on
             | your phone authorized.
             | 
             | If you do have a developer account, your device only has to
             | connect to your home WiFi network once a year for your
             | computer to keep the app authorized.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | alexdbird wrote:
             | > allow sideloading for a limited time only to those with a
             | paid developer account.
             | 
             | I think this is confusingly phrased and the replies relate
             | to that confusion.
             | 
             | A _free_ Apple developer account allows  'sideloading' for
             | a limited time, currently a week IIRC, and a paid account
             | extends this to a year, which is technically limited but
             | probably not what most people would understand by the
             | phrase.
        
             | kelnos wrote:
             | No thanks, hard pass. A big reason I use Android rather
             | than iOS is because I can install whatever I want on the
             | hardware I've purchased. I put up with Android's worse
             | security posture because I value this.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | qrck13 wrote:
       | I'm wondering if this something that can be used to finally
       | create a tiny apk that will replace bixby.apk with something that
       | unconditionally launches google assistant?
        
       | gojomo wrote:
       | So, does it look like (auto-)updates of Samsung 'Smart' TVs could
       | be tricked into acepting malware?
        
         | izacus wrote:
         | No.
        
           | gojomo wrote:
           | Why not? Do the Android packages Samsung sends to its own TVs
           | use a different key or security mechanism?
           | 
           | (Do we expect Samsung better protects its TV keys, than its
           | smartphone keys?)
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | I think you'd also need their SSL cert for the HTTPS
             | request.
        
               | gojomo wrote:
               | Are you _assuming_ Samsung 's updates rigorously use SSL,
               | with proper certificate checking, or do you _know_ that
               | to be the fact?
               | 
               | These sorts of consumer-device companies often take other
               | unwise security-through-obscurity, or only "folk-secure",
               | shortcuts elsewhere - rather than defense in depth.
               | 
               | For example, thinking their app-signing keys secure,
               | maybe they used something other than SSL, or SSL in some
               | no-certificate-validation-mode.
               | 
               | It happens more than it should, with giant consumer-
               | electronics conglomerates, even!
        
       | Jiro wrote:
       | Could this potentially be used to root a device?
        
       | gjsman-1000 wrote:
       | For anyone who saw the discussions a few days ago: How many HSMs
       | does Samsung need to secure their platform keys? ;)
        
       | bigbluedots wrote:
       | As an Android user with a Samsung phone, how do I protect myself?
       | I do not sideload apps.
        
       | oaiey wrote:
       | Let me play devil's advocate here: Could it be that these keys
       | were forced out of these companies by governments and used for
       | their spying business ... and then got lost somewhere there
       | (where the incentives of protecting them is not that high)
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | That's not "devil's advocate", that's just baseless conspiracy
         | theory.
        
           | oaiey wrote:
           | Fair on baseless and theory but conspiracy?
        
       | danuker wrote:
       | It could also mean people signing their own firmware and freeing
       | those devices.
        
         | ipdashc wrote:
         | But the key isn't _publicly_ leaked, right? It 's just whoever
         | is signing the malware that has it.
        
         | brookst wrote:
         | It's an app signing key. I don't think it will work for
         | firmware. But I'm not sure. Can someone more knowledgeable
         | about Android's chain of trust chime in?
        
           | g_p wrote:
           | This isn't the OTA signing key, although on some cheap
           | devices I have seen the platform key also be used to sign
           | OTAs...
        
           | themoonisachees wrote:
           | Signing your app using this key would allow you to name your
           | app system.uid.android, effectively giving you root for free.
           | You probably won't be able to sign firmware in the Linux
           | sense of the word, but in android world "firmware" is loosely
           | defined and is often used to talk about the android ROM.
        
             | stop50 wrote:
             | On android only the apps and updates are signed. In the
             | normal system state is the only writable part the encrypted
             | data partition, system,vendor and product are readonly
             | mounted and can be only be mounted in the writable mode
             | after an update is verified and the update binary mounts
             | the partition writable.
        
             | lalopalota wrote:
             | that's what i am looking for. any ideas on how to find the
             | key?
        
       | carl_dr wrote:
       | > "Samsung takes the security of Galaxy devices seriously. We
       | have issued security patches since 2016 upon being made aware of
       | the issue"
       | 
       | They've known about it since 2016!?!
        
         | skipnup wrote:
         | Maybe for all devices published since 2016?
        
         | dagmx wrote:
         | I think the more generous take is that they resigned all their
         | security patches back to 2016 with a new key?
        
         | dontbenebby wrote:
         | Who's in charge of certificate stuff in these situations?
        
           | Izkata wrote:
           | I don't know if this has changed since I last looked a few
           | years ago (around 2018-2019), but:
           | 
           | The app-signing key can't be changed without just creating a
           | new app, and creating a new app means you users won't be able
           | to upgrade - they have to manually uninstall, go to the app
           | store, and install the new one.
           | 
           | It's not just an app store thing, I think I remember Android
           | itself verifies that the upgrades have the same key as the
           | old version.
        
             | clysm wrote:
             | You can do certificate rotation in signing scheme V3 and
             | Android 9+.
             | 
             | https://source.android.com/docs/security/features/apksignin
             | g...
        
           | akiselev wrote:
           | Some intern at the corporate HQ
        
             | dontbenebby wrote:
             | Which corporation though? Samsung or GOOG?
        
               | karamanolev wrote:
               | Google can add certificates to the CRLs (certification
               | revocation lists) for things they control, but generally,
               | Samsung owns and keeps their private keys, including this
               | one.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
        
           | gryf wrote:
        
         | ehhthing wrote:
         | The article is rather misleading. It is almost certain that
         | Samsung used HSMs to sign their APKs, so the key itself could
         | never actually leak unless someone had physical access to the
         | HSMs themselves and managed to somehow delid it and then put it
         | back together without anyone noticing. I'm not too familiar
         | with the documented attacks on delidding HSMs, but I believe
         | that delidding chips causes permanent damage to them in such a
         | way that they will never function properly again.
         | 
         | It's much more likely that an employee's account was
         | compromised and then used to sign malicious APKs, or something
         | similar. Once Samsung realized, they could get the logs of
         | every APK signed with the HSM and then revoke those
         | certificates individually through a software update. Not really
         | sure if they actually did that or not, but either way the key
         | doesn't necessarily need to be replaced.
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | > revoke those certificates individually through a software
           | update
           | 
           | Android doesn't really do revoking certificates in this way.
           | The only way to fix a leak of a system key is to generate a
           | new key and use replace the entire system image.
           | 
           | I hope you're right that this is merely a remote signing
           | account being compromised, because I don't see Samsung
           | building six years of new system images.
        
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