[HN Gopher] Starlink speeds in US dropped from 105Mbps to 53Mbps...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Starlink speeds in US dropped from 105Mbps to 53Mbps in the past
       year
        
       Author : mfiguiere
       Score  : 82 points
       Date   : 2022-12-02 20:04 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arstechnica.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arstechnica.com)
        
       | chrisco255 wrote:
       | This is the opposite of my personal experience. For me, the
       | service has been more reliably performing at higher speeds and
       | since launching more satellites there are fewer drops in
       | connectivity.
        
         | smt88 wrote:
         | Good for you, but not relevant for the topic in the article.
         | The FCC should make decisions based on data, like the data
         | collected by Ookla (if the FCC can't collect its own), not
         | based on anecdotes.
        
           | hunterb123 wrote:
           | Good for the FCC, but it's not very useful if the data is all
           | from congested cities, I can't find where they list their
           | sampling.
           | 
           | Starlink shines when it comes to rural/remote environments,
           | not cities where towers and fiber can reach.
           | 
           | Side note, look at HughesNet and Viasat in their data, LOL!
           | 
           | edit: instead of downvoting if someone could find the
           | sampling method?
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | Nobody else thinks that the FCC decided to exclusively pull
             | data from congested cities (I guess in order to
             | intentionally fool theselves?), so they have no reason to
             | look up the sampling method. You however do, so you should
             | look it up, go through it, then give your evaluation of it.
             | 
             | When you make up an accusation from whole cloth, people are
             | going to downvote it. They'll probably downvote even harder
             | after you ask for other people to give you proof to refute
             | the accusation that you made up from whole cloth. If you
             | find the sampling method, and it turns out your suspicions
             | were true, and then you write a comment explaining that,
             | they'll give you hundreds of upvotes to offset these two or
             | three well-deserved downvotes.
        
               | hunterb123 wrote:
               | You misunderstand. I'm saying if they didn't look at only
               | the rural cells then there's not much point in using that
               | to determine whether to award funding for providing rural
               | broadband...
               | 
               | Just because there's a lot of people in highly populated
               | cells that drag down the speed for people in those cells
               | has nothing to do with the speeds of the lowly populated
               | cells.
               | 
               | tldr; it makes no sense to average all cells together, as
               | the goal is to improve the areas where existing
               | infrastructure have failed in _specific regions_.
               | 
               | (and in those areas, where hughesnet, or viasat, or old
               | DSL were the few options, Starlink does it's best)
        
             | mike_d wrote:
             | Cities vs rural has no impact on Starlink speeds. You fall
             | into a "cell" which is a hexagonal region roughly the width
             | of California. Each cell is served by a satellite that has
             | a 20 Gbps downlink to a ground station. Everyone within
             | that cell shares that 20 Gbps, and everyone using the
             | ground station (4-8 cells) shares the backhaul capacity of
             | that site.
             | 
             | (This is oversimplified but puts the capacity scoping in
             | context)
        
               | hunterb123 wrote:
               | Providing broadband to rural america, what this whole FCC
               | broadband push has been about, concerns those cells where
               | there aren't many people over a large spread of land,
               | where towers and laying down lines doesn't make sense.
               | 
               | So if you take a cell that has LA in it, it will be much
               | more congested than if you took a cell in Wyoming, or
               | Nebraska.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | Of course it's relevant. The FCC doesn't make its decisions
           | based on HN comments, so I'm not sure why the aggro response
           | here. I'm stating my personal experience with the network,
           | over the past year. I'm on the network now at peak time in
           | Florida and clocking 80 Mbps.
        
         | anonporridge wrote:
         | Are you in an area of relatively low population density?
         | 
         | I would guess that places like rural California and Texas have
         | seen an increase of user density which would cause bandwidth
         | decreases. If you're in a place with relatively slow user
         | growth, you could be getting advantage of increased total
         | bandwidth of the satellite constellation.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | No I am mostly in Austin, Texas. Although I do travel and
           | have used it in New Mexico, Tennessee, and Florida with 100+
           | Mbps.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | My thought is being on a coast would have the best throughput
           | because you're the first/last "in-view" as the constellation
           | passes over.
           | 
           | Could have lots of variability though.
        
       | LAC-Tech wrote:
       | Is home internet pretty much "fast enough" for anyone else right
       | now?
       | 
       | I used satellite internet for almost a full year. I was about 20
       | minutes drive from 3G.
       | 
       | Honestly, it was absolutely fine. Video conferences, online real
       | time games, streaming videos...
       | 
       | Right now I'm on a copper line. Granted, it's only us villagers
       | and country folk using it since the local big town moved to
       | fibre. But again, the speed is fine.
        
         | thatguy0900 wrote:
         | Same. They actually just upgraded service near me, for 30$ more
         | I can quadruple my internet speeds. I talked to my roommates
         | and even with multiple heavy internet users we really see no
         | need to at all.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | TaylorAlexander wrote:
         | I work at a rural farm and live in a big city. The farm had
         | satellite which was okay, but they had a hard monthly data cap
         | of 200GB, at which point they would severely throttle speeds.
         | There was no option to pay for a higher cap. During summer time
         | the owners (many) kids would visit and with all their video
         | streaming we would hit the data caps about two and a half weeks
         | in to the month. Then when the owner needed to do a video call
         | for work, due to the throttling, he had to text everyone and
         | ask them to stop using the network for an hour. It was a pretty
         | fragile system. Now we have starlink and it's a big
         | improvement! Though the short drop outs (under 2 seconds)
         | sometimes cause issues with video calls.
         | 
         | At my place in the city I get symmetric gigabit fiber for $39 a
         | month. This is the first time I've ever had fiber. It's pretty
         | wonderful to upload a 10GB 4K video to YouTube in a few
         | minutes, download a full movie while I make some popcorn, and
         | pull down an OS image in seconds. I don't "need" gigabit but I
         | absolutely am happy to have it!
        
       | rr888 wrote:
       | This is expected with a new network though right? My first 4G
       | phone was a rocket then slowly slowed down over time as more
       | people got 4G phones.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | I certainly didn't expect them to use an elaborate waitlist
         | system to onboard far more customers than the network can
         | handle.
        
           | kjksf wrote:
           | 53 MB is more bandwidth that their competition (ViaSat,
           | HughesNet) ever offered.
           | 
           | Starlink can handle the customers just fine.
           | 
           | By definition, if the customers could get something better
           | for less money, they would.
           | 
           | Plus SpaceX is launching more satellites. They are at 1/20 of
           | the number of satellites they want to have, so the total
           | bandwidth available will go up.
        
         | TaylorAlexander wrote:
         | I think not everyone understands this (we all have to learn at
         | some point right?) so coverage like this is informative for
         | people who didn't know.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | I could see there being an opportunity for 4G+Starlink setups.
         | 
         | Run Starlink when you need the throughput and turn off that
         | 100w heater when you don't.
         | 
         | I'm already looking into a timer to turnoff my modem, gaming
         | console and router at night just to turn off that ~20w load
         | doing nothing.
         | 
         | http://www.tpcdb.com/list.php?page=2&type=12
        
       | Netisneverfree wrote:
       | Since this is network and internet related, just want to chime in
       | with some experience using non-standard internet connection
       | methods. It may help in understanding what's happening here.
       | 
       | Starlink as I understand it, while using 'satellites' is more
       | like 'terrestrial tower' based internet, but with low-orbit
       | stations in use instead of towers erected on a high hill. I make
       | this distinction, because of other 'satellite' internet companies
       | having been used to compare it in the past, in my opinion,
       | erroneously.
       | 
       | Satellite internet like Xplornet for example, do something else
       | where you have just a few satellites only, providing line of
       | sight connection for EVERYONE on the facing side of the planet
       | for that satellite.
       | 
       | Starlink is more like terrestrial tower because you have
       | essentially a choice of which satellites you want to use to
       | connect through, since there are many that could be connected to
       | at any time. This is like terrestrial tower, because your home
       | might be closest to a tower in a town near you, but the other
       | tower just off the side a bit further away gets less usage and so
       | you have less issues connection due to congestion or 'things'
       | getting in the way. Things could be tree canopies, house roofs,
       | etc.
       | 
       | So what I figure is happening here after reading the article, is
       | that their current configuration is reaching levels of congestion
       | that can't keep up with the demand they expected, and so they are
       | going to start launching more satellites to keep up with the
       | demand. They are also looking to increase the broadcasting
       | signals strength to help ensure a higher quality connection to
       | those who do connect to their system.
       | 
       | That's basically terrestrial tower internet itself in a nutshell
       | from my experience using it in the past. Even their ping times
       | are similar.
       | 
       | Now for those who get their knickers in a knot because 'thing
       | orbiting planet in space is always a satellite'. Yes, I know.
       | It's technically satellite internet in that right. But my point
       | is that this isn't how we should be thinking of it.
       | 
       | We should instead be calling it Aerial internet, since it helps
       | differentiate from the other satellite internet (which in my
       | usage experience is crap and should only be used in the worst
       | case scenarios) and terrestrial tower which is also not the
       | greatest, but is better than stuff like Xplornet.
       | 
       | I've never met anyone who likes using services from folk like
       | Xplornet, except obviously ignorant people who never have had
       | anything better. The moment I show them the difference between
       | their connection and mine back at the farm, or here in urban
       | life; they immediately try to make up excuses for it instead of
       | accepting it isn't that good.
       | 
       | But that's besides the point. My point is that Starlink is doing
       | pretty good if they are only seeing that much of a drop in speeds
       | and latency. It's still a usable connection by rural standards,
       | which was its intent mostly to begin with. It wasn't meant to be
       | used by urbanites who have access to much better; as I understand
       | was what was intended by Elon in the first place.
       | 
       | For comparisons sake: Most rural internet only ever gets UPTO
       | 50mbps at best, in the best locations. You can expect to get much
       | worse in rural areas with terrestrial tower based internet. And
       | while many including Xplornet may falsely advertise they can
       | achieve higher speeds; latency kills their performance. It
       | doesn't matter if you can get 300mbps, if your latency is a full
       | second or higher of ping time. not milliseconds. Seconds. Even
       | minutes sometimes. Depends on how bad the situation is for you.
       | 
       | So, with that all in mind, despite all the Elon hate going on
       | right now; I think Starlink is doing pretty good still.
       | 
       | I don't have it, yet; since I don't need it. But if they keep on
       | this path they are on right now, when I move back to the rural
       | areas I am probably going to get Starlink as a backhaul
       | connection, and a terrestrial tower setup as my main connection.
       | Or perhaps vice versa. Depends on which one has the better and
       | more stable connection in that area.
       | 
       | But I would never use traditional satellite internet like
       | Xplornet. If I ever did, it would be because I have enough money
       | that I can throw it away and not care; all just to make sure
       | there is a redundant connection to ensure that I have a backup
       | for my backup. Even then... I'd rather just get a second company
       | on terrestrial to hook me up instead.
        
         | qayxc wrote:
         | > I think Starlink is doing pretty good still.
         | 
         | Well, atm., yes. From the very beginning I thought that's it's
         | a very risky idea to focus on end users, though. Ships,
         | airplanes, mining operations, emergency services, etc. - that's
         | where the real benefit and money is.
         | 
         | Ships have rates of up to $60k/mo for low bandwidth satellite
         | internet. StarLink maritime is only $5k/mo and every maritime
         | plan basically equates ~50 residential users in terms of
         | turnover. Special deals with airlines, cruise ships and so
         | forth could easily bring in as much money as tens of thousands
         | of end-users - including much less hassle with regulators and
         | billing.
         | 
         | The problem is that satellite internet (no matter if LEO or
         | GEO) scales _very_ poorly and creates an economic death spiral
         | (hence the need for Starship) - more users means less available
         | bandwidth, thus requires more satellites. More satellites
         | require more rocket launches, which costs money and requires
         | more users to pay for it, etc.
         | 
         | It remains to be seen whether the current path StarLink takes
         | is sustainable from a business perspective. A 30k satellite
         | constellation is certainly economically unsound using _current_
         | rockets (e.g. Falcon 9), given that it took 3 years to get
         | ~3300 into orbit and the average lifetime per Gen1 satellite is
         | planned to be around 5 years.
         | 
         | This means 3300 Gen1 sats have to be replaced within the next 5
         | years while another 7500 or so have to be launched on top of
         | that. With Gen2 sats being heavier, F9 can only take maybe 25
         | (this is a guess) instead of 50-60 sats per launch. That'd
         | amount to about 87 F-9 launches per year just for StarLink and
         | I don't think that's economically feasible (hence Starship).
         | But we'll see.
        
       | seanherron wrote:
       | I've been using Starlink as my primary internet provider for the
       | past year. I'm just outside of Eugene, OR and prior to Starlink
       | my only internet options were Viasat or dial-up.
       | 
       | I definitely notice the _variability_ of Starlink. My download
       | speed ranges from ~40mbps to ~200mbps, and my upload speed ranges
       | from ~5mbps to ~50mbps. This doesn 't really seem to be connected
       | to time of day or what I would expect to be typical use patterns.
       | My internet is never unusable for Zoom, streaming video, or other
       | average use cases.
       | 
       | A lot of people complain about decreased speeds, my personal
       | experience hasn't really shown this to be true. What I have
       | noticed:
       | 
       | * Over the past year, I've seen a huge improvement in latency and
       | packet loss. I used to have latency in excess of 130ms, and I
       | would typically see a few dropouts lasting ~30 seconds per hour.
       | My latency now is rarely more than 60ms, and I never have
       | dropouts.
       | 
       | * Being behind an IPv4 CGNAT is annoying. I get a lot more
       | captchas and fraud prevention techniques being applied in my
       | browsing.
       | 
       | * Geolocation is way off. I wish SpaceX did a little bit more
       | effort to dedicate IP geodata to specific cells in their network
       | - everything defaults to their Seattle POP for me.
       | 
       | * The adoption of Starlink out here is astonishing. Virtually
       | every house near me has gotten it in the past 2-3 months. It's a
       | huge game-changer for people. It's pretty amazing what the
       | Starlink team has built out in a relatively short amount of time.
        
         | Karrot_Kream wrote:
         | If you keep terminating in Seattle, maybe it's worth trying a
         | VPN provider with ingress in Seattle to keep latency low? Just
         | a thought.
        
         | nly wrote:
         | Regarding the CGNAT, can you not punch through it with a VPN?
        
           | seanherron wrote:
           | Sure - but I'd rather not tunnel everything through a VPN,
           | especially given the fact that I already have relatively high
           | latency.
        
             | miyuru wrote:
             | Some users reported having IPv6 now and there is a site
             | hosted on starlink via IPv6.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | And concerns about the frequency of captchas (unless you
             | have a truly private/personal VPN).
        
               | kalupa wrote:
               | based on the reply post description, I'm not sure this
               | would be different from the experience without VPN ...
        
         | rkagerer wrote:
         | _Geolocation is way off_
         | 
         | Some might consider this bug a feature :-)
        
       | nekoashide wrote:
       | People were tossing traditional internet satellites from roofs,
       | chopping off the old dried up copper from the side of the house
       | and pushing the wisp tower down.
       | 
       | Starlink made remote living and work truly possible. No more
       | turning off video, pixilating and worrying about data plans. And
       | low enough latency to make up with skill in games.
       | 
       | But just like everything it got too popular, cellular carriers
       | are trying to service that market though and t-mobile might be a
       | last mile internet provider with decent speeds and unlimited
       | data. But, fiber is also getting buried all over rural areas to
       | help with this as well.
       | 
       | Between fiber/cellular and Starlink people are going to get
       | interesting data plans for sure though. Wisp are regional and the
       | market will shrink because the service is just inadequate and
       | poorly maintained. The smart wisp that got federal high speed
       | internet subsidies will survive building out fiber even in some
       | pretty rural areas.
        
         | aatd86 wrote:
         | The advantage of Starlink would be that it could offer a single
         | plan worldwide though.
         | 
         | No more roaming charges etc.
        
         | justapassenger wrote:
         | > But just like everything it got too popular
         | 
         | Keep in mind that it maybe got too popular for an usable
         | service, but it's far from being popular enough to be
         | financially sustainable product. You're still at this point
         | having a service paid by investors money, like cheap Uber rides
         | in 2015.
        
         | Dig1t wrote:
         | As someone desperately looking for connectivity options in a
         | more rural area (though not that rural, I'm only like 20
         | minutes from one of the largest cities in the state) I won't
         | hold my breath. My whole neighborhood is on the waitlist for
         | Starlink still.
         | 
         | I've called every provider that could possibly service our area
         | and nobody has any interest. T-Mobile is supposedly offering 5G
         | home internet for people in this kind of situation but they are
         | not available in this neighborhood either.
         | 
         | No idea what to do other than wait for Starlink availability.
         | There is a WISP, but it is truly terrible and very expensive.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | Interesting:
       | 
       | "Starlink outperformed fixed broadband average in 16 European
       | countries"
       | 
       | https://www.ookla.com/articles/starlink-hughesnet-viasat-per...
       | 
       | Here are their methods: https://www.ookla.com/articles/how-ookla-
       | ensures-accurate-re...
       | 
       | They do not separate between rural and city speeds.
        
         | qayxc wrote:
         | Well, the methodology is flawed, or at least it doesn't
         | actually reflect what it says on the tin.
         | 
         | It's "consumer-initiated", i.e. what they are _really_
         | measuring is which contracts people are using, not which speeds
         | are available.
         | 
         | Example: I _could_ book a 500 /100 line at my house (1000
         | symmetrical available if I switched providers), but I stick
         | with the cheapest plan, which is 50/12 simply because it's good
         | enough for my personal use. Same for most of my neighbours.
         | Most don't have more than 100/20, though higher speeds are
         | readily available.
         | 
         | With StarLink there's only type of contract: you get what you
         | get and that's that. In Europe for example, there's usually
         | more than one option per ISP and you pay more for higher
         | bandwidth. So if you're fine with the smallest plan (usually
         | around 50mbps), why pay more? So in essence they actually
         | answer a different question.
        
       | belval wrote:
       | > Starlink's median US upload speed dropped from 12Mbps to
       | 7.2Mbps from Q4 2021 to Q3 2022
       | 
       | I wasn't able to find an answer online. Is this the expected "ok"
       | upload speed? 7-12Mbps seem low for typical WFH usage like video
       | conferencing and sharing your screen.
        
         | fetus8 wrote:
         | Well, considering I've been using Starlink since Jan. 2021, the
         | upload speeds have been more than adequate for typical WFH
         | video/audio calls.
         | 
         | The download speeds dramatically falling over the last year
         | have been a major annoyance when it comes to updating games via
         | Steam or stuff like Microsoft Flight Sim, but streaming video
         | has been perfectly fine the whole time.
         | 
         | Seeing the speeds drop is a bit of a disappointment, but given
         | the reliability of the connection versus our previous ISP, it's
         | 100% worth it for now.
        
           | belval wrote:
           | Thanks! I've been wondering if exiling myself deep in Canada
           | and using Starlink to be fully remote was viable. Do you
           | notice any impact from the increase latency (compared to coax
           | cable or fiber) in meetings/voice chat/video games or would
           | it pass the blind test?
           | 
           | Additional question, do you get any connection degradation in
           | bad weather events (if you have them)? Things like snow and
           | storms.
        
             | fetus8 wrote:
             | I don't notice any increase in latency in meetings or voice
             | chat. I don't play any real online multiplayer games, but I
             | did do some summoning in Elden Ring the other night and I
             | didn't notice any lag or weirdness with the other players.
             | 
             | We've noticed some slower speeds and satellite obstruction
             | during heavy snow and super heavy intense thunderstorms,
             | but otherwise it's been fine in most of the weather events
             | we experience out on the eastern plains of Colorado.
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | It's faster than all ADSL and most Cable Modem plans, so I'm
         | guessing it's fine?
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | The RDOF "Above Baseline" tier that Starlink bid on requires
         | 100 Mbps down and 20 Mbps up so those speeds are not close to
         | adequate.
        
         | birdman3131 wrote:
         | Thats standard cable numbers. Sadly.
        
         | smt88 wrote:
         | > _7-12Mbps seem low for typical WFH usage like video
         | conferencing and sharing your screen_
         | 
         | It's a little slow, but it's not bad.
         | 
         | It is, however, dramatically better than the <1 Mbps upload
         | speeds (and <5 Mbps download speeds) that a lot of rural
         | customers are getting now.
        
         | extragood wrote:
         | General rule of thumb for 1080p video streaming = 8 Mbps
         | 
         | 720p is half the size, so it should be half that rate = 4 Mbps.
         | 
         | I have no doubt that modern image compression algorithms can
         | bring that down a bit further without too much impact on
         | quality.
         | 
         | So with a median of 7.2 Mbps, that's probably enough for 2
         | users to have an acceptable video conferencing experience. But
         | if that's the median, then half of their customers have a lower
         | upload speed than that and may only be able to get away with a
         | single user streaming at a time.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | And that's at full motion. Your bobbing head and fixed
           | background takes a lot less.
           | 
           | Same with most screenshares.
           | 
           | I had a 15/1 connection for a while and found no issues with
           | Zoom calls. Maybe an issue if you're a professional cammer
           | though.
           | 
           | I mostly work on CRUD virtualized apps (effectively
           | screenshares) all workday long and will use well under 1gb in
           | a day.
           | 
           | My biggest beef with Zoom and the like is being unable to
           | restrict resolution/camera quality of myself and others
           | (other than setting the others into small sizes).
           | 
           | I'm in Canada where mobile data is expensive, and therefore
           | very fast. The provider is happy for you to chew your handful
           | of gb per month at full speed and then you top-up with more
           | or get hit with overages.
        
         | bawolff wrote:
         | Well that would be better than what my [canadian] wired
         | internet provided during covid.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | My favourite was when Rogers couldn't complete calls during
           | the day at the beginning of the pandemic. They were saturated
           | and pushed even more people onto web-conference software.
        
         | pkaye wrote:
         | Beyond some minimal throughput, low latency is a bigger factor
         | in video conferencing and screen sharing and Starlink has low
         | latencies from my understanding.
        
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