[HN Gopher] Crucial Computer Program for Particle Physics at Ris...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Crucial Computer Program for Particle Physics at Risk of
       Obsolescence
        
       Author : theafh
       Score  : 54 points
       Date   : 2022-12-01 16:02 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.quantamagazine.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.quantamagazine.org)
        
       | cratermoon wrote:
       | Related discussion on programming and academia:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33671264
        
       | moomin wrote:
       | It's yet another story of the dumb misalign incentives in
       | academia. Hand the guy a Nobel Prize. See if that moves the
       | needle a bit.
        
       | anigbrowl wrote:
       | _Universities tend to track scientists' publication records_
       | 
       | Yet another example of administrators imposing a one-size-fits-
       | all rule and elevating convenience over quality. Every academic I
       | know hates how academia works, but they balk every time I suggest
       | networking with people outside their disciplinary silos to
       | dethrone the administrators. It's like the smartest people in the
       | world are stymied by the idea of a collective action problem that
       | requires working across disciplinary boundaries. For a long time
       | I thought I was missing something fundamental about the
       | complexity of the issue, but after 10 years of asking it seems to
       | literally be that individuals are afraid of getting punished and
       | they don't have any ideas beyond supporting the occasional strike
       | action (that will leave things more or less as they are). I don't
       | get it.
        
         | lowbloodsugar wrote:
         | I mean you basically just described Autism. "Wow, you guys are
         | amazing at your Special Interest and talking with other people
         | with the same Special Interest. Why aren't you interested at
         | talking with these Neurotypical bean counters about finance
         | stuff?" Not that I'm saying every physics major is Autistic. I
         | myself know several in my graduating class who are not.
        
           | anigbrowl wrote:
           | I resemble that remark myself. I would only clarify that I
           | think the time for talking with bean counters is long past.
        
       | machina_ex_deus wrote:
       | It's pretty remarkable that despite Feynman Diagrams being
       | invented in the 1950s, before computers and computer science,
       | they are still state of the art so many years later. It was back
       | at the time where physicists did most calculations by hand.
       | 
       | You'd have thought something more efficient would've turned out
       | by now, since there was barely a sensible definition of
       | efficiency back then.
        
       | zokier wrote:
       | > Without ongoing development, FORM will get less and less usable
       | -- only able to interact with older computer code, and not
       | aligned with how today's students learn to program. Experienced
       | users will stick with it, but younger researchers will adopt
       | alternative computer algebra programs like Mathematica that are
       | more user-friendly but orders of magnitude slower. In practice,
       | many of these physicists will decide that certain problems are
       | off-limits -- too difficult to handle. So particle physics will
       | stall, with only a few people able to work on the hardest
       | calculations.
       | 
       | This seems very pessimistic view. FORM was written by mortal
       | humans (with much cruder tools!) in the first place, there is no
       | reason to believe it couldn't be done again if need be and even
       | improved in the process; its not some irreplaceable artifact
       | descended from heavens.
       | 
       | On the other hand, I imagine it would take bit more than just
       | maintenance to make the 30 year old C codebase welcoming for new
       | physicists to work on.
        
         | naasking wrote:
         | > FORM was written by mortal humans (with much cruder tools!)
         | in the first place, there is no reason to believe it couldn't
         | be done again if need be and even improved in the process
         | 
         | Sure, but how long will that take and how robust will the
         | result be? Given the description of the design, it basically
         | sounds like it does efficient block-level storage management in
         | order to handle the petabytes of data that it might need to
         | churn through, so basically you're reimplementing a DB storage
         | engine, which is no small feat to get right and performant.
         | 
         | Furthermore, is there a test suite to validate that the FORM2.0
         | yields the same results for all past papers?
         | 
         | These problems are not unsolvable but they're not trivial
         | either.
        
         | akiselev wrote:
         | The hard part isn't writing the code but making sure it's valid
         | against all the data in (for example) the PDG Review of
         | Particle Physics book.
         | 
         | A bug in the code would throw doubt on every paper published
         | with it so the expected value for any individual rewriting it
         | or making any modifications is extremely negative for their
         | career.
        
         | xeonmc wrote:
         | I wouldn't be so sure about the march of progress being
         | monotonously towards improvement.
         | 
         | Take Electron,
        
           | a1369209993 wrote:
           | > Take Electron,
           | 
           | I'd rather not, thanks. Unless you meant in the sense of
           | "take it out back and shoot it", in which case we're bloody
           | trying already, it's not that easy.
        
         | robacarp wrote:
         | I'm not at all worried that particle physics will slow down
         | (...heh) because of this. It sounds like the one guy has been
         | doing an incredible job of service maintenance over the years,
         | sure, but these folks write software all the time.
         | 
         | I have a hunch that FORM is not made up of easy to grok
         | software designs or it would probably be true that other folks
         | would have contributed in a bigger way regardless of academic
         | stimuli. If that is indeed the case, as is common in research-
         | academia software product, then tie a bow on it and send it off
         | to the Smithsonian.
         | 
         | I would be really quite surprised if some enterprising 19 year
         | old whiz-bang genius from Iceland didn't re-write it in
         | Mathematica.
        
           | robacarp wrote:
           | having now poked at the source code on github, yeah this is
           | not at all maintainable by modern standards. it's the kind of
           | code you're unable to modify until you memorize every last
           | line and the whole problem domain.
        
           | Qem wrote:
           | > I would be really quite surprised if some enterprising 19
           | year old whiz-bang genius from Iceland didn't re-write it in
           | Mathematica.
           | 
           | Still would be a net loss for science, as a critical piece of
           | software infrastructure would become tied to Wolfram's
           | proprietary black box. Also I think academic software
           | benefits less often from a random precocious outsider fixing
           | things, because in addition to good programming knowledge, it
           | requires a fair amount of subject matter expertise, what is
           | rare to be found both in the same person.
        
       | avmich wrote:
       | > The problem scales as a factorial, a mathematical relationship
       | that grows even faster than exponential growth.
       | 
       | Hm. I thought Stirling's approximation shows they are
       | approximately of same growth?
        
       | prof-dr-ir wrote:
       | https://github.com/vermaseren/form
        
       | simne wrote:
       | This is looking strange, because Particle Physics is one of very
       | few areas, where hardware is not magnitudes cheaper than
       | software.
       | 
       | I mean not only computer hardware, which is also non cheap, but
       | budgets for experimental hardware, which not all countries can
       | handle.
       | 
       | So, if program is really important, they could rearrange budgets
       | and give some finances for software.
        
         | selimnairb wrote:
         | Agreed. I would be shocked if an entity like CERN would not be
         | able to support something like FORM out of grant overhead.
        
       | Qem wrote:
       | The root cause is academia still didn't adjust the rewards to
       | take into account the computer age. People only get career points
       | by publishing papers, not source code. Software is a fundamental
       | aspect of most current research. We need to recognize researchers
       | that dedicate to write/maintain the required software, awarding
       | the fair amount of career points. Make good software
       | documentation be the equivalent to papers for them, career-wise.
       | It surely would improve the state of academic software. Today
       | students still commonly have to struggle with software stuck in
       | the 70s, usability-wise.
        
         | rowanG077 wrote:
         | It would also greatly increase the diffusion into industry of
         | techniques. I often read papers that describe an interesting
         | approach to something I am interested in doing. But often the
         | paper requires me to read many references and spend dozens of
         | hours or more to reach an implementation myself. I simply can't
         | invest that time on something that might work.
         | 
         | But if the code were available... then you could quickly test
         | out if something is worth pursuing.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-12-01 23:01 UTC)