[HN Gopher] Maersk/IBM to discontinue TradeLens, a blockchain-en...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Maersk/IBM to discontinue TradeLens, a blockchain-enabled global
       trade platform
        
       Author : kgwgk
       Score  : 242 points
       Date   : 2022-11-30 14:43 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.maersk.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.maersk.com)
        
       | shp0ngle wrote:
       | I am not happy for the economic downturn, as lots of people will
       | lose jobs, more people will die of hunger, people will lose their
       | houses.
       | 
       | On the other hand there is a silver lining in all the bad... all
       | the useless over hyped techs will finally be seen for what they
       | are
        
         | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
         | _> lots of people will lose jobs_
         | 
         | Isn't employment at highest rate ever? At least that's what I
         | keep hearing.
        
           | nosianu wrote:
           | Here in Germany we get yet another "we need much more
           | immigration because of labor shortage" article in the major
           | news media at least every week, I saw even more than that the
           | last two weeks with at least three in Zeit and Spiegel the
           | last week, on the top of the homepage each time.
           | 
           | Just today (paywall, German): https://www.zeit.de/politik/202
           | 2-12/fachkraefteeinwanderung-... -- or https://www.manager-
           | magazin.de/unternehmen/iw-studie-fachkra...
           | 
           | Of course, also every time they completely ignore 80% of what
           | the comments say, from individual experiences of qualified
           | people looking for a job to arguments about not seeing any
           | increase in compensation, asking how that can be if there's a
           | market. I myself remember not long ago meeting a young
           | university-qualified engineer with a few years of experiences
           | still having to work for a body-lease shop, moving him
           | between different employers every year, so that they can
           | avoid actually hiring such engineers. Or the bad working
           | conditions in craft jobs, where there really is a large unmet
           | demand, but it's still extremely unattractive to enter this
           | market.
           | 
           | I find the lack of any reaction to the overwhelming feedback
           | they get every single time to these articles more than a bit
           | suspicious. They repeat the exact same message without the
           | slightest change. Maybe quoting a different person (always
           | from an employer organization) and using slightly different
           | sentences, not an exact reprint, but definitely the exact
           | content every time.
           | 
           | I have no doubt that some companies have trouble finding the
           | right people, but I also have no doubt that there is
           | something seriously wrong on a deeper level. Unfortunately
           | the media are no help trying to shed some light on the deeper
           | and more complex issues.
        
             | wil421 wrote:
             | I'm US based but used to work with a lot of people in EU/UK
             | and Eastern Europe. Almost all of the IT/Software Engineer
             | staff from German and UK customers I worked with were
             | contractors. I was a little shocked about how much was
             | outsourced to avoid a full time employee. Almost all were
             | talented but only a very small German IP phone company and
             | a very high tech German lens maker had staff software
             | engineers.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | _> I was a little shocked about how much was outsourced
               | to avoid a full time employee._
               | 
               | Because in Germany, firing full time employees is nearly
               | impossible, so companies use contractors from body-shops
               | or off-shore work to Eastern Europe to avoid the risks of
               | being sattled with useless employees they can't get rid
               | of later.
               | 
               | I've seen this happen first hand. Many older German SW
               | engineers from traditional companies refused to keep up
               | with modern tech and tools, preferring to coast and do
               | nothing till retirement, rather than learn and adapt,
               | bogging the company down heavily.
               | 
               | One old German dude I used to work with would
               | intentionally break git repos in protest, because he
               | didn't like _" this new complicated git thing"_ and
               | didn't understand why _" we can't just keep using
               | Clearcase?"_, despite receiving numerous trainings paid
               | by the company on how to use git. He was still kept
               | around because he couldn't be fired but wasn't
               | contributing to anything productive. Same with
               | transitioning employees like him to "new" programming
               | languages like Java or C#.
               | 
               | Stuff like this is why EU devs earn less than US devs and
               | why traditional German companies are no SW leaders and
               | will die a slow death.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | > he didn't like "this new complicated git thing" and
               | didn't understand why "we can't just keep using
               | Clearcase?"
               | 
               | Maybe his point was valid?
        
             | ls15 wrote:
             | There is a (real) shortage of nurses, but not necessarily
             | of blockchain engineers.
        
               | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
               | The shortage of nurses in European countries is caused by
               | the poor pay, long hours and high stress working
               | conditions in the overburdened and underfunded public
               | healthcare system, not by the lack of qualified
               | personnel.
               | 
               | After Covid, thanks to remote work as well, many nurses
               | switched careers to something that pays better or has
               | more reasonable hours and flexibility.
               | 
               | We have enough qualified people that could do the nursing
               | job but not enough of them are willing to do it, making
               | it basically an artificial self inflicted shortage.
               | Private healthcare facilities had no shortage of nurses
               | as they can charge customers whatever the current market
               | rate is, not what the government says it should be.
               | 
               | Increased pay and working conditions could cause nurses
               | to return to the public sector, but then the question is
               | _" where money from?"_
        
               | mjhay wrote:
               | I don't think you were making this argument, but the
               | private healthcare system in the US is suffering a
               | nursing "shortage" as well, so it shouldn't be taken as a
               | truism that in the private sector, the wages and
               | conditions simply improve enough to balance the supply of
               | nurses.
        
               | danrocks wrote:
               | Bitcoin solves that.
        
               | nosianu wrote:
               | Yes, as I said, shortages may be real - however, the
               | media don't react at all to the numerous people raising
               | the question of why there is no increase in the price to
               | meet the demand, meaning higher wages.
               | 
               | My point was not that there are no shortages, but that
               | the writers of the many articles about it are deaf to any
               | feedback and only promote the exact same talking points
               | without change.
               | 
               | The "pro markets" side has always been quick to point to
               | "the market" - but strangely, they completely ignore it
               | when it comes to employment, where the market does not
               | seem to work at all. Price seems to be decoupled from
               | demand and those same pro-market voices ignore any and
               | all questions about that phenomenon.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | I don't know where you are but nurses are getting higher
               | pay -- often including double or more for overtime (which
               | is great in the short term but not sustainable). I have a
               | son looking at nursing now because the job prospects are
               | better than tech and with the aging population I don't
               | see demand for nurses relaxing anytime soon.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Reason077 wrote:
         | It almost seems like we _need_ a decent recession every few
         | decades to flush out all the nonsense and get the global
         | economy to focus its resources and innovation back on things
         | that really make a difference.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Unfortunately what usually happens to get the global economy
           | going again is a major war.
        
       | college_physics wrote:
       | > the need for full global industry collaboration has not been
       | achieved
       | 
       | therein lies the problem of (non-cryptocurrency) blockchain,
       | sometimes phrased as " solution seeking problem".
       | 
       | had there been a _will_ for  "collaboration" (and in many cases
       | there should be) one does not need to wait for this specific type
       | of algorithmic advance to make it happen: existing databases,
       | cryptography, networks and maybe a few human auditors in the loop
       | would already offer 80/20 solutions.
       | 
       | there was always a chance that there is sweet spot, a particular
       | bottleneck that some variation of blockchain would just be the
       | right tool for. apparently that is not the case.
        
         | MBCook wrote:
         | They already trust each other anyway. They have contracts. And
         | you wouldn't supply shipping containers to Maersk to ship from
         | here to their destination if you didn't think you could trust
         | them to do it.
         | 
         | So centralization would have always worked. At Maersk, or some
         | industry trade group or something.
         | 
         | They never needed a blockchain. It was just the cool word of
         | the day to make them hip.
        
           | mike_hearn wrote:
           | In these platforms key players are often governments and
           | customs/excise offices, so they don't always trust each other
           | no. Trade finance is really complicated largely due to the
           | lack of trust, actually. Banks that deal with it have entire
           | offices devoted to detecting document fraud. The use case and
           | need for better solutions is real, but TradeLens maybe wasn't
           | the platform to achieve it.
        
             | mumblemumble wrote:
             | These conversations are always so vague that one has to
             | wonder if it's deliberate.
             | 
             | I'd love it if the discussion could get more concrete. For
             | example, what's a specific case of international trade
             | fraud that a blockchain could have prevented, and why is a
             | blockchain needed to prevent it?
        
               | mike_hearn wrote:
               | It's not deliberate, it's just a huge topic. I spent
               | years learning about it because I worked on the
               | underlying platform that's used in several competitors to
               | TradeLens:
               | 
               | https://corda.net/global-trade/
               | 
               | Trade Finance 101 - two companies in very different parts
               | of the world want to trade for some non-trivial sum of
               | money, e.g. buying a shipment of goods. You'd think this
               | would be simple but it's really not. The two parties
               | often do _not_ actually trust one another, in particular
               | they may have very little visibility into mundane things
               | like the insolvency risk of their counterparties. This is
               | an actual problem because in the physical world you can
               | 't atomically swap things for money, so someone is going
               | to have to either pay first or deliver first. If you pay
               | and then the seller doesn't deliver, that may cause you
               | to go under. If the seller ships and you never pay, ditto
               | in reverse. So the importer may go to their bank and
               | request a "letter of credit", which is basically a form
               | of escrow in which the importer's bank will guarantee to
               | pay on presentation of proof of delivery e.g. bills of
               | lading. They may also help arrange things like a maritime
               | insurance policy, they have expertise in how to handle
               | shipping disputes and so on. Often the importer's bank
               | will send these documents direct to the _exporters_ bank
               | because the exporter may need a short term loan to cover
               | the cost of actually making the goods. But the exporter
               | is just receiving literally a bundle of physical
               | documents in many cases, and the loans in question can be
               | large, so they are vulnerable to document forging. Forged
               | trade finance documents are actually a major source of
               | AML problems and fraud.
               | 
               | Then you have to actually ship it. That's more documents
               | and payments to the shipping companies, to get your goods
               | cleared at customs, dealing with freight forwarders etc.
               | And so on and so forth. Long story short: documents
               | everywhere, most of which aren't even in any sort of real
               | data format (e.g. PDFs are common) and some of which
               | aren't even in computers at all, depending on where
               | you're dealing with!
               | 
               | In the world of enterprise logistics there are very few
               | properly digitized systems, because it's very hard to get
               | everyone in the world to agree to just use some arbitrary
               | SaaS app. You can try, and companies like Flexport are
               | doing it, but the players in all of these transactions
               | are (a) very conservative, and (b) very reluctant to lock
               | in something as fundamental as _their ability to import
               | /export_ to the fate of some random American VC backed
               | startup. And for good reason! Imagine if they'd all
               | jumped on board such a company but instead of a US firm
               | providing the centralized SaaS it was, for example,
               | Russia. Now imagine the global trading SaaS has an
               | outage, or gets hacked. Or simply raises prices.
               | 
               | So what to do? The actual answer settled on by the
               | world's trading and logistics people is ... do nothing.
               | Stick with the faxes and couriers. Or at best you get an
               | ad-hoc patchwork of individual systems between specific
               | counterparties.
               | 
               | Enter the enigma called "enterprise blockchain" or
               | sometimes distributed ledger technology. These platforms
               | may or may not actually have blocks, chains, proofs of
               | work or tokens in them. The one I designed (Corda) has
               | none of these things albeit there's a "tokens framework"
               | if you want to create such things on top of the core.
               | What these platforms are actually trying to do is provide
               | standardized mechanisms for:
               | 
               | 1. Inter-firm identity (fairly standard X.500 PKIX in the
               | case of Corda)
               | 
               | 2. Inter-firm messaging that isn't SWIFT
               | (AMQP+client/server TLS in Corda), and really you also
               | need inter-firm state machines and protocol frameworks
               | (the "flow framework" in Corda, which uses a JVM
               | coroutine library).
               | 
               | 3. Serialization of signed data structures
               | (AMQP+extensions)
               | 
               | 4. The really hard bit: signed, irrefutable inter-firm
               | transactions with data integrity, with some reasonably
               | acceptable level of privacy. Think P2P tables, stored
               | procedures, foreign key constraints and so on but in
               | which you're not allowed to actually show the full
               | transaction to anyone at any point including the tx
               | ordering subsystem.
               | 
               | The latter part is where the blockchain-y aspects enter
               | the picture although in reality they don't normally use
               | proof of work or stake. In Corda it's pluggable and some
               | projects just use Raft. Others can simply use an RDBMS to
               | provide 'double spend' protection. And there's also a BFT
               | plugin I think, although I'm not sure if it ever launched
               | (they're doing a big rewrite of the platform at the
               | moment). It's pluggable because what we found is that
               | participants often had rather complicated trust models in
               | which they were very concerned with things like data
               | integrity losses due to mistakes/botched upgrades,
               | passive adversaries (competitors, foreign governments),
               | not so concerned with active adversaries and very
               | concerned with availability/DoS attacks of various kinds
               | including political DoS. This makes sense given their
               | environment, in which everyone is identifiable and
               | basically follows the law but competitors may be tempted
               | to 'peek' at data they weren't meant to see, and
               | governments may be tempted to just ignore laws for
               | geopolitical advantage sometimes.
               | 
               | In an ideal world all this would be standardized and
               | there'd be an ecosystem of vendors selling different
               | implementations. In practice even just figuring out a
               | design that all the different players can accept was a
               | very hard challenge, making it work was harder still
               | (decentralized asynchronous upgrades in particular were
               | practically a research level problem), and Corda went the
               | "open core" direction so other firms could just build off
               | the open source code and data structures instead of
               | having to re-implement it all from RFCs and other loose
               | spec documents. That seemed to satisfy people.
               | 
               | So anyway that's the background to these sorts of
               | projects. They do make sense but are very hard to make
               | work due to the massive variety of players, hard
               | technical challenges and complex commercial/geo-political
               | concerns.
        
               | dmitriid wrote:
               | I absolutely love the insight.
               | 
               | I have some nitpick of course :)
               | 
               | > just build off the open source code and data structures
               | instead of having to re-implement it all from RFCs and
               | other loose spec documents.
               | 
               | It's never "just". What you're providing are exactly lose
               | specs. E.g. "Serialization of signed data structures
               | (AMQP+extensions)". What are the data structures? What do
               | they look like? Which extensions? What happens if someone
               | doesn't support all the extensions?
               | 
               | RFCs and standards however bad they are exist for a
               | reason. And even _then_ people implement them poorly, or
               | not at all.
               | 
               | > hard to make work due to the massive variety of
               | players, hard technical challenges and complex
               | commercial/geo-political concerns.
               | 
               | Unfortunately, in this list technical challenges should
               | go last. For all the reasons you described in the first
               | half of your message :)
        
               | disqard wrote:
               | This is a fantastic inside look at this particular
               | domain! Thank you for making time to write this up.
        
           | college_physics wrote:
           | yes, the misrepresentation of how much trust is already at
           | work at so many levels in society has been such a bizarre
           | thing to watch over the last few years. its a particurarly
           | acute condition with the cryptobros, who don't trust
           | "government money" but would happily buy government regulated
           | food, be treated by government regulated doctors and medicine
           | etc etc :-)
           | 
           | breach of trust is indeed a major problem and it erodes the
           | social contract _and_ technology could obviously play a
           | positive role. not by creating inflated hypes that are only
           | good for management consulting fees though...
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | >who don't trust "government money" but would happily buy
             | government regulated food, be treated by government
             | regulated doctors and medicine etc
             | 
             | I think this take is either a bit disingenuous or possibly
             | just misinformed. There are very few people who don't want
             | 'government money' because it comes from government and
             | government bad.
             | 
             | People want money that isn't associated with government
             | because they believe, among other reasons, that having
             | access to the levers and dials that fiat currency provides
             | corrupts the government (as a system), the government (as
             | in the people who govern), and the markets that they govern
             | over. Time and time again governments have shown that they
             | lack the ability to responsibly operate those levers and
             | dials so a growing number of people are suggesting that
             | maybe that shouldn't be something we put into a small cadre
             | of human hands.
             | 
             | This is a little bit like if we had a government-regulated
             | medical system and the government decided to make heart
             | medicine very expensive because the rate of population
             | growth was too high and we needed to slow down the
             | biological market, only to panic 5 years later and make
             | birth control cost 500 times as much and all other
             | medicines free when the population growth got too low and
             | then repeat that cycle forever, all the while turning a
             | blind eye to a parasite class that profited from these
             | cycles.
        
               | yunohn wrote:
               | > People want money that isn't associated with government
               | because they believe
               | 
               | Every single crypto enthusiast I know, builder or
               | speculator, has converted crypto to fiat riches, and
               | dreams of wealth. I have yet to meet someone who lives
               | frugally and keeps their wealth in volatile crypto coins.
        
               | college_physics wrote:
               | hmm, the failings of current monetary, credit and
               | securities/markets systems are very well known to anybody
               | who is not captured. To my knowledge cryptocurrency is
               | not the answer to any of these problems.
               | 
               | There is no intrinsic reason why the financial system
               | could not be organized and, where required, regulated
               | with the same (in)competency or transparency or checks-
               | and-balances as any other domain of equal importance. To
               | accept this can't be done is to imply that the particular
               | parasite class benefiting from the status-quo is more of
               | a parasite than others. This doesn't feel to be the case.
               | In the scheme of things there are worse leeches, some in
               | plain sight.
               | 
               | The naivete and total inadequacy of cryptocurrency as an
               | alternative financial system is exploding right as we
               | speak. While it had (maybe) some limited use signalling
               | to the status-quo that "they should behave - or else" -
               | see e.g. CBDC, the exploitation and betrayal of countless
               | individuals with fake promises will ultimately only
               | further entrench the notion that there is no alternative
               | to the parasites. That is sad.
               | 
               | It all loops back to building trust networks and enticing
               | individuals to participate because they will be better of
               | and not screwed by insiders. This cannot be enforced
               | magically by numerical algorithms and blockchains. It is
               | a contract by and for humans.
        
               | idiotsecant wrote:
               | You suggest that ethical financial market regulation is
               | possible. If you can point to a single time in human
               | history where this has been the case, I will concede the
               | point.
               | 
               | You further suggest that cryptocurrency is somehow
               | 'exploding' - crypto _dollar prices_ routinely  'explode'
               | up or down because it's very, very small and it's new
               | enough that gullible people are quick to dump buckets of
               | money into the ocean of scams that exist and they
               | inevitably evaporate, taking that money with them.
               | 
               | That's not a feature of 'crypto' and it doesnt mean that
               | crypto is dead - I wish I had a little bit of ETH for
               | every time crypto was 'dead' - cryptocurrency is
               | fundamentally just the idea of a a decentralized
               | bookkeeping algorithm, with different details on how you
               | keep that book. A lot of people suggest to gullible
               | investors that the best way to keep that book is to trust
               | a small group of people to keep the book for you, which
               | is of course a recipe for disaster and is no better than
               | just having a MS excel spreadsheet on my computer. The
               | results are predictably 'explodey'.
               | 
               | The serious crypto projects, meanwhile, just continue
               | development. There are enormous communities of people who
               | sincerely believe in the promise of a future with
               | permissionless programmable money. These people were
               | working a decade ago, a year ago, a week ago, they'll be
               | working tomorrow.
               | 
               | Another post suggests that everyone interested in crypto
               | is interested to make money. I can't help that they've
               | only been exposed to people looking to make a quick buck
               | but I think it's safe to say in most human activities
               | many of the people involved will be trying to find a
               | personal benefit in as short a timescale as possible. In
               | the same way, in most human activities there will be a
               | core group of people trying to change the world around
               | them for the better. Crypto is no different.
        
         | mschuster91 wrote:
         | > had there been a will for "collaboration" (and in many cases
         | there should be)
         | 
         | The problem is, collaboration is seen by many as a danger to
         | their business: common standards make it easier for clients to,
         | sorry for the pun, jump ship; transparency / auditability makes
         | it harder to hide internal fuck-ups and as a result provide an
         | incentive for customers to jump ship.
        
           | SideburnsOfDoom wrote:
           | International shipping involves multiple countries by
           | definition, as well as ports, ships, containers, etc. How
           | could it not also involve "collaboration" ?
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | Why do you think that e.g. Deutsche Bahn is active in sixty
             | countries with their logistics subsidiary DB Schenker? Or
             | why Deutsche Post subsidiary DHL is active virtually
             | worldwide? Or why Amazon has shifted a large amount of
             | parcels to their own logistics networks instead of using
             | the national shipping services like USPS?
             | 
             | Vertical integration offers way better profits than
             | cooperating with intermediaries, and the ultra large
             | logistics giants want to make as much profit as possible.
        
         | freddref wrote:
         | the need hasn't been achieved? As in, there is no need..
         | 
         | I didn't expect it be said out loud like this!
        
       | ElfinTrousers wrote:
       | > Unfortunately, while we successfully developed a viable
       | platform
       | 
       | Translation: "The prototype kind of worked..."
       | 
       | > the need for full global industry collaboration has not been
       | achieved. As a result, TradeLens has not reached the level of
       | commercial viability necessary to continue work and meet the
       | financial expectations as an independent business.
       | 
       | "...but only then did we find out nobody cared."
        
       | Zigurd wrote:
       | There are fewer than 100 million shipping containers in use
       | today. A database of all of them, their location, their
       | destination, and what they contain is not even "big data." this
       | is a mole hill built into a hype mountain with some crypto
       | jargon.
        
         | ElfinTrousers wrote:
         | So let's see. Back of the envelope math time. Let's round to
         | 100 million containers to make the math simpler. 8 bytes for a
         | synthetic primary key. 8 bytes each also for location and
         | destination, referencing a separate table with information
         | about "places" (e.g. loading docks, port terminals, holds of
         | ships), that should be more than enough distinct IDs to give
         | you as fine-grained location identification as you need.
         | Description, let's say 512 bytes of free text. 8 + 8 + 8 + 512
         | = 536 bytes, let's say with padding and DB overhead of various
         | kinds we round up to the next power of 2, an even 1kb. 1kb *
         | 100 million is then roughly 100 Gb.
         | 
         | Now I am aware of the risk of "why don't they just"-ing, but
         | seriously, nobody else did this math and noticed that the whole
         | database could probably fit on a $15 SD card? No, most likely
         | someone did, and kept their mouth shut, because why blow up a
         | perfectly good grift?
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | While a good bashing, it's not really relevant, is it? It's
           | about collaboration, not absolute size of the data.
           | 
           | This comment sounds right: https://news.ycombinator.com/reply
           | ?id=33802411&goto=threads%...
        
           | JohnBooty wrote:
           | That would let you describe the current location of each
           | container, right?
           | 
           | Presumably we also want to describe a history of locations
           | and events for each container so we're talking a few
           | additional orders of magnitude more storage and complexity.
           | 
           | But still, your point 100% stands. We're not talking about
           | something that traditional technologies can't handle.
           | 
           | Although to be fair it seems like the blockchain fans are
           | trumpeting the "publicly available ledger" aspect and not the
           | "suitability for Big Data" angle... I'm no blockchain
           | booster, but I don't think anybody is claiming that it
           | outperforms a trad DB.
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | The containers are only the reference to the contents. The
         | contents are only appreciable across borders as their
         | provenance and affidavit of contents. Those claims are made
         | between counterparties and inspected by government, all of
         | which need to understand the source of the claim and the claim.
        
       | danrocks wrote:
       | I worked on a project for the biggest airline in SE Asia that was
       | essentially their loyalty platform on the blockchain. The idea
       | was that other airlines would also put their points on the same
       | blockchain and they'd somehow become interchangeable. Except
       | nobody came, and now said airline has a very expensive piece of
       | tech to maintain, built on a service (Azure Blockchain) that has
       | been discontinued.
       | 
       | Link: https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/es/media-centre/press-
       | rel...
        
         | gus_massa wrote:
         | Can they just dump all info to a standard database and close?
         | 
         | I guess the users must use their secret key to sign the
         | connection form "anonymous" blockchain address to a normal
         | userid in a database.
        
       | monkeydust wrote:
       | So a lot of these blockchain projects started around the same
       | time. They have not delivered and as money runs dry they cant get
       | more funding as the economy tightens and heads towards what is
       | probably a short recession.
       | 
       | The other high profile blockchain failure was the ASX one
       | reported earlier this month:
       | 
       | https://www.afr.com/companies/financial-services/they-were-b...
       | 
       | Expect more to follow.
        
       | dhdgrygev wrote:
       | Lol. Last time I said there was no real world use for blockchain
       | tech besides crypto, people put this as a counter example. Look
       | how well that went.
        
       | givemeethekeys wrote:
       | I keep getting the feeling that IBM is a con operation. They
       | piggyback onto the latest fad and advertise how they can solve
       | things with it, but keep failing to produce meaningful things..
       | and then they blame the fad for it.
        
       | chanakya wrote:
       | The blockchain continues to be a solution looking for a problem.
        
       | kumarvvr wrote:
       | Shocking ! That actual money was spent by actual people who put
       | it on blockchain. And to solve exactly what problem that
       | traditional data systems could not solve?
        
       | rawicki wrote:
       | I always understood that TradeLens is something that could be
       | built with a simple database but they used Blockchain to hype up
       | potential partners to sign up.
       | 
       | I'd expect to see at least some of these cynical solutions
       | actually work in practice. So interesting they decided to shut it
       | down, instead of just walking back the blockchain part.
        
         | scld wrote:
         | Mostly because it's not the blockchain part that was hurting
         | the project.
        
         | chris_wot wrote:
         | The Australian stick-exchange came to the exact same conclusion
         | and scrapped their own blockchain solution. It was always a
         | stupid idea.
        
       | gryf wrote:
       | Someone finally realised it was bollocks after enough customers
       | told them it was. I've been on a few projects over the years
       | which the outcome was exactly that.
        
       | lencastre wrote:
       | I was just reading about them in the Levine article on Bloomberg.
       | I want to make a joke about NFT containers but it's beating a
       | dead horse.
        
       | tanelpoder wrote:
       | "Unfortunately, while we successfully developed a viable
       | platform, the need for full global industry collaboration has not
       | been achieved."
       | 
       | So... they successfully built the solution, but then failed to
       | build a suitable problem for it?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | Yep. The hype cycle at work; if you bamboozle enough people,
         | even skeptics have to commit resources to the latest stupidity.
         | Otherwise you're left without a "blockchain strategy" and the
         | reason-by-checkbox types will think that's a bad thing.
         | Unfortunately, as Gartner has well demonstrated, that's a
         | substantial fraction of the market, so you can't ignore it.
        
           | tanelpoder wrote:
           | This is a great summary!
        
         | rippercushions wrote:
         | Yup, that's pretty much the question that has bedeviled all
         | blockchain "innovation" since day one. Cryptocurrency still
         | works (for some value of works) because it's self-contained,
         | but as soon as you need to track anything in the real world you
         | run into the oracle problem: how can you trust that what the
         | blockchain says about the world is correct? (Spoiler, you
         | can't.)
        
         | europeanguy wrote:
         | They built something and turns out that no one wants to use it.
         | Happens all the time.
         | 
         | Happens all the time, especially if no one sees a point in
         | using it. In other words, it didn't solve anyone's serious
         | valuable problem. Which is something that those people that
         | have been saying "couldn't you just do the same thing with a
         | database" already knew.
         | 
         | Crypto went thru a lot of hype-memes, like NFTs, staking etc
         | etc. But I still remember the older "nonono this is about
         | blockchain as an underlying technology" meme.
        
         | marcus0x62 wrote:
         | Perhaps the same thing, but I think they built a solution in
         | search of a problem.
        
           | HelloNurse wrote:
           | The problem is "producing sticky, heavyweight enterprise IBM
           | products to invoice customers with".
           | 
           | This retirement of the product might be more aligned with the
           | expected time between major software replacement initiatives
           | at typical customers than with the hype cycle of blockchains:
           | IBM needs to sell some successor to TradeLens. Or, more
           | simply, Maersk actually needs better software than TradeLens
           | for themselves.
        
       | ycombinatornews wrote:
       | What happened? /s
        
       | superice wrote:
       | As somebody in container shipping: good riddance. There are a
       | handful of sensible people who have been calling this out for
       | years and years, and every time there are wishful thinkers
       | telling them this is the future.
       | 
       | The worst of it is that there is an actual business case for a
       | blockchain-like solution, because in flows where the shipper of
       | the goods arranges their own hinterland transportation ("merchant
       | haulage") there is a huge communication gap. The hinterland party
       | and the shipping line need to arrange a handover of the
       | container, and communicate about this constantly, but they are
       | not in direct contact with eachother, because the shipper
       | contracts them independently. T-mining (https://www.t-mining.be/,
       | I'm not associated with them) is solving this for the release
       | rights bit of that issue, but really this problem should be
       | approached much wider to solve for seaship ETA updates and
       | customs documents as well. Crucially, you can't solve this
       | through a trusted third party, firstly because there is none that
       | operates world-wide, and secondly because it would grant enormous
       | power to that party, and no logistical actor is willing to give
       | away this power.
       | 
       | Of course the major shipping lines (Maersk, MSC, CMA-CGM) have
       | been pushing to integrate hinterland services in their business
       | more and more, so the shipper won't choose to arrange this
       | themselves to begin with. This means they have no interest in
       | fixing the communication problem. This is okay for shippers in
       | the short term, but long term this will ruin the market. The
       | shipping market is heavily centralized with only a few large
       | players, which will now gain significant control over the
       | hinterland as well and be able to force their policies on inland
       | container depots, barge and train operators, and trucking
       | companies. It's a shame really.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | Am I interpreting this right as Maersk / IBM was solving what
         | is basically an integration problem where there's all these
         | parties and all this data not communicating and they decided
         | the common interface was blockchain?
         | 
         | I work in logistics and have some visibility to integrations
         | with carriers (not much international, but some) and I find
         | this very amusing.
         | 
         | That sounds a bit like "nobody will agree on what cookie to
         | eat, so let's make brownies, but what kind?". Half a dozen of
         | one, 6 of the other.
        
         | woah wrote:
         | Are you saying that the blockchain-for-shipping stuff might
         | make the market more efficient with decentralization, but the
         | big companies who have the power to sink or float it don't want
         | this?
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | How do you start with 'good riddance' and then end with 'it's a
         | shame really'?
         | 
         | It sounds more and more like these people tried to solve social
         | / political problem(s), with technology.
         | 
         | Regardless of blockchain or not... it wasn't going to work
         | until they got past the social issues.
        
           | oivey wrote:
           | GP is saying they were bullshit and sucking the air out of
           | the room for fixing real problems.
        
           | ArchD wrote:
           | He means the blockchain application in TFA is bullshit but
           | the other situation he described regarding hinterland
           | transportation is one that could benefit from a proper
           | decentralized blockchain system but there is no such system.
        
             | wnissen wrote:
             | Exactly! IBM had a number of these that all involved
             | "blockchain" but somehow also required that IBM host the
             | blockchain in their cloud. I am no blockchain expert, but
             | if you have IBM running the show, why not simply let them
             | be the authority who runs a standard shared database with
             | an API on top? Decentralization takes extra work, but it's
             | worth it when it allows two parties to transact who,
             | crucially, have no reason to trust each other and no
             | convenient intermediary.
        
             | miohtama wrote:
             | This is correct. I watched a presentation long time ago
             | (way too early) about a blockchain pilot for container and
             | document transfer between Finland and Estonia.
             | 
             | https://www.porttechnology.org/wp-
             | content/uploads/2019/05/03...
             | 
             | The author of the pilot told quite clearly that it is a
             | killer for small and medium sized businesses, like few
             | trucks and a man and a dog companies. Efficiencies could go
             | up greatly. But then, when he pitched the idea to three
             | letter logistic giant, he was thrown out from the board
             | room because any decentralised network would kill the edge
             | large logistics companies have. One of the main competitive
             | edge for a large logistics company is that their internal
             | IT systems work well and there is no problem with the
             | information flow. They do not want to have a level playing
             | field here.
        
               | sidewndr46 wrote:
               | This is something lots of people often miss. The barriers
               | to entry and the difficulty of using any system is
               | someone's else's market edge. It's part of the reason why
               | healthcare in the US is such a clusterfuck. It is the
               | only industry with a degree of government mandates around
               | price obfuscation. If you fix that, most hospitals would
               | lose their edge in the market. Even the notorious
               | automobile industry has clearer pricing.
        
         | RC_ITR wrote:
         | > Crucially, you can't solve this through a trusted third
         | party, firstly because there is none that operates world-wide,
         | and secondly because it would grant enormous power to that
         | party, and no logistical actor is willing to give away this
         | power.
         | 
         | This is one of the weirder aspects of crypto. Why would
         | entrusting 1000's of random people with GPUs be preferable to
         | trusting one party (who, in a black chain scenario could be one
         | of the GPU-holders anyway).
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | That's not weird at all because the whole point of crypto is
           | that _nobody trusts anyone_. A properly designed crypto
           | system is just a game of incentivizing each player to do the
           | thing you want them to do while assuming that they 're all
           | out to screw each other.
        
             | lottin wrote:
             | No.. you're missing the point. The whole point of crypto is
             | to create a market where a service is provided without
             | relying on a _contractual agreement_ between the provider
             | and the consumer. If you don 't have a problem using
             | contractual agreements, then you're better off without
             | using crypto.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | >No.. you're missing the point.
               | 
               | So I just rely on economic incentives then? Because I can
               | do that centrally too.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Not only economic incentives, but contracts as well.
               | Contracts are promises between individuals that are
               | enforced by a third party, namely the judicial system.
               | This way we don't have trust that everybody will do what
               | they say they'll do, but instead we only have to trust
               | that any promises made (in the form of a contract) will
               | be enforced, if needed, to by the judicial system. Crypto
               | goes beyond that. Crypto doesn't want to have to trust
               | the judicial system even, and therefore contracts are out
               | of the question. So it can only rely on incentives.
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | But _what does that mean_?
             | 
             | Why does it need to be decentralized? Why can't one party
             | have the same incentive structure?
             | 
             | Listen, I'm all for cryptography and Block-chains, but the
             | whole proof-of thing has never made any sense to me.
             | 
             | Maybe to make myself more clear, there are levels of trust,
             | and you 100% "trust" that the miners on your random
             | blockchain will do work for you in exchange for money.
             | We've seen examples on even big blockchains like Solana
             | where that trust is broken, even.
             | 
             | So why exactly is that sort of trust better?
        
               | aftbit wrote:
               | > But what does that mean?
               | 
               | It means that the GPU-holders are trusted only to make
               | sure that all the other GPU holders are following the
               | rules of the network.
               | 
               | > Why does it need to be decentralized? Why can't one
               | party have the same incentive structure?
               | 
               | Because if there's only one party, then who is watching
               | them and ensuring they follow the rules? Furthermore, if
               | there's only a handful of parties, who knows that they
               | are not colluding? This is a major problem for proof-of-X
               | tokens as well, as both mining and staking have
               | centralizing forces.
        
               | RC_ITR wrote:
               | >Because if there's only one party, then who is watching
               | them and ensuring they follow the rules?
               | 
               | Who is watching the 100's and making sure they're
               | following the rules (and before you say that there are
               | people monitoring the 100's of miners, then there _could_
               | be people monitoring the 1 in the same way). Maybe I 'll
               | put it this way - decentralization is _one_ way to
               | accomplish what you want, but it 's the least efficient
               | way to do that possible. _Instead_ we should focus on
               | ways to make existing centralized systems more
               | transparent, but it 's hard to create ponzi schemes off
               | that, so it gets less attention.
               | 
               | Thais is actually a core concept of cryptography! The
               | entire RSA algo. is based on the idea that it's _way_
               | easier to check prime factors that it is to solve for
               | them! So why did we decide to make it so that everyone
               | has to solve for prime factors?
        
               | someonewhocar3s wrote:
        
           | Karunamon wrote:
           | Because those thousands of random people are deeply
           | incentivized to keep the network running, while being
           | mathematically prohibited from doing anything untoward with
           | data you send their way. The "trust" in this case is more
           | about whether you believe the blockchain will be running and
           | usable. The incentives and distributed nature of the system
           | make for a very strong guarantee with more nines than any 1
           | provider in the world can reasonably promise or deliver.
        
             | RC_ITR wrote:
             | I agree the block-chain structure and cryptography are
             | cool, but why do 1000 people need to be deeply incentivized
             | instead of 1?
        
               | Karunamon wrote:
               | The same reason half the internet falls over when AWS us-
               | east1 does: single points of failure suck. And this is a
               | level of resiliency you automatically get by virtue of
               | being on a public blockchain being used for other things.
        
         | yunohn wrote:
         | > secondly because it would grant enormous power to that party,
         | and no logistical actor is willing to give away this power.
         | 
         | This is a crucial point. When you speak to crypto enthusiasts,
         | they speak about oracles. However, all the oracles they build
         | are for crypto coin prices... not IRL applications.
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | the problem is not the blockchain it's IBM
        
         | ElfinTrousers wrote:
         | The problem is the same as it's been the whole time: the people
         | who buy tech, and who have the authority to start tech
         | initiatives, don't understand the technology and don't care to.
         | So they chase fads and shiny objects.
        
           | acdha wrote:
           | It's more fundamental than that: this is what happens when
           | you do something based on fear of being left out. Consulting
           | companies like Gartner were heavily pushing blockchains half
           | a decade ago, and even if they can't convey a concrete
           | benefit for something there will be some fraction of
           | listeners who think that they need to buy some and hope it's
           | useful because they're afraid of being asked why they didn't
           | in a few years. It's the high production values version of
           | the salespeople who've shown up here for years saying crypto
           | is the future and you're old and obsolete if you don't buy
           | whatever they're selling.
           | 
           | This same dynamic shows up in other areas - e.g. big data,
           | AI, security - but blockchains are an outlier in terms of how
           | little value the technology provides. A lot of big data / AI
           | projects didn't deliver the huge win promised but turned out
           | to be a good umbrella for getting funding to clean up a ton
           | of data and processing, for example.
        
       | pclmulqdq wrote:
       | I'm sure they were handsomely paid by the US and several EU
       | governments to develop something so "innovative" with blockchain.
       | Unfortunately, nobody wanted it before the governments pulled
       | funding.
        
         | tokai wrote:
         | Why would there have been governmental funding? Its a private
         | project by private companies. I can't find anything on outside
         | funding for tradelens. Do you have any source on that?
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | I don't have a source, but IBM likes making sure their R&D
           | has outside funding.
        
             | tokai wrote:
             | In this case their outside funding was Maersk.
        
       | helsinkiandrew wrote:
       | How can that be? By putting paper work in the blockchain they
       | managed to cut shipping times by 40%!
       | 
       | https://www.cnet.com/tech/tech-industry/ibm-maersk-tradelens...
       | 
       | Seriously though I believe the blockchain has always been hidden
       | behind an API hosted by IBM (access to those who got approved and
       | paid a fee), blockchain was an implementation/marketing detail
       | and the whole thing could have been done with Sybase/MDB etc. If
       | they had promoted this as a standard/open way of describing
       | shipping data it might have been beneficial.
        
         | oxfordmale wrote:
         | ...and if IBM says it is 40%, it is definitely true. Just as
         | IBM Watson is going to be the future of healthcare.
         | Unfortunately, that future seems to consist of scrapping IBM
         | Watson and selling it for parts /sarcasm
        
           | dghughes wrote:
           | IBM's Phoenix pay system in Canada was a disaster.
        
             | knifie_spoonie wrote:
             | What is it with IBM and payroll systems. They botched
             | another one here in Australia:
             | https://spectrum.ieee.org/ibm-sued-over-queensland-health-
             | pa...
        
           | danuker wrote:
           | > /sarcasm
           | 
           | You mean, they won't even bother selling it for parts? Or why
           | is this sarcasm?
        
             | conorcleary wrote:
             | Selling the sarcasm.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | I have plenty, and cynisism, in case someone is
               | interested!
        
               | barking_biscuit wrote:
               | I would take you up on the offer, but I doubt it's
               | geniune :P
        
             | oxfordmale wrote:
             | It is sold for parts
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/MachineLearning/comments/sivgoj/n_
             | i...
             | 
             | I add the sarcasm tag to make clear I am joking. If the
             | future of healthcare is selling old computers for scrap, we
             | face a bleak future.
        
           | snapcaster wrote:
           | Please stop using a /sarcasm tag. It's extremely cringe and
           | ruins the comment. If you're concerned about people
           | misunderstanding you get better at writing
        
             | JasonFruit wrote:
             | Please stop using the phrase "extremely cringe", and you
             | will immediately be better at writing.
        
               | snapcaster wrote:
               | Probably true, but it's not wrong and at least i can take
               | solace in the fact I don't use the sarcasm tag like a
               | dork
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > the fact I don't use the sarcasm tag like a dork
               | 
               | Adding insult to insult I see.
               | 
               | edit: please don't feel like you have to escalate your
               | insults towards oxfordmale because I made this comment.
        
             | mindcrime wrote:
             | I think this is a horrible idea. Text is a terrible format
             | to convey sarcasm, and it has nothing to do with how good
             | one is at writing. If you must use sarcasm on text based
             | forums like this, it's _much_ better to use an explicit
             | sarcasm marker just to avoid the inevitable 300 response
             | long sub-thread of people arguing about something that was
             | never even intended to be taken seriously in the first
             | place.
             | 
             | That said, it's probably better to just not use sarcasm at
             | all in settings like this.
        
             | pjc50 wrote:
             | HN is _terrible_ at interpreting sarcasm or jokes, partly
             | because people will say the most extraordinary things with
             | apparent sincerity.
        
               | chris_wot wrote:
               | On HN, it's probably best to avoid sarcasm. I've used it
               | and it didn't work out well.
        
               | kelseyfrog wrote:
               | Sarcasm on HN is exceptionally difficult. The closest
               | I've been able to get us deliberately playing around with
               | Poe's Law. The issue with doing so, however, is not being
               | entirely sure if you're getting up votes because people
               | are in on it or think you're serious. And if you let the
               | cat out of the bag and confess to it, it ruins the joke!
               | 
               | Both the reader and the writer are left in this nebulous
               | liminal space of perpetual standoff with no one able to
               | make a move. I quite like it, but it's an acquired taste
               | for sure.
        
               | dvaun wrote:
               | As do people in most internet forums.
               | 
               | Poe's law: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poe%27s_law
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | The whole point of sarcasm is that there's a chance
               | somebody won't get it. It is the author trusting the
               | reader in the hopes of making a little connection when
               | the reader gets it. If there's no chance of failure, the
               | reader doesn't actually have to get it, so there's point
               | to the whole exercise. It just becomes a joke in a
               | stilted format. If you ever feel the need to include a
               | /s, just make a normal joke it will be funnier.
               | 
               | Read /s as "NOT" in Borat-voice.
        
               | smw wrote:
               | What a strange contention. I don't think I've ever used
               | sarcasm without meaning my audience to understand me.
               | Most movie tropes around it don't seem to be deliberately
               | deceptive either.
               | 
               | I wonder if this is a generational thing?
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | It isn't so much that the other party is expected not to
               | get it, just that there must be some possibility. It is
               | like a trust fall. You don't expect to land on your butt,
               | but you have to engage in the possibility.
        
               | pfoof wrote:
               | > people will say the most extraordinary things with
               | apparent sincerity.
               | 
               | But the level of extraordinary is still far from what
               | 4chan can produce
        
               | ubercore wrote:
               | Sarcasm is also really hard to deal with in text, even
               | for native speakers. And super hard for non-native
               | English speakers.
        
             | oxfordmale wrote:
             | I paraphrased a sentence from Scrooge (Charles Dickens) in
             | an HN post discussing the plans to allow law enforcement
             | robots to use lethal force. I called it an "effective way
             | to reduce the surplus population". It was meant
             | sarcastically, however, I got downvoted, likely because it
             | was taken too seriously. It is safer to add a /sarcasm tag.
        
               | Legogris wrote:
               | The reason that comment on Christmas was downvoted was
               | likely not because the sarcasm was not obvious (it was).
               | It simply doesn't add anything of value to the
               | conversation. Independent sarcastic remarks tend to get
               | downvoted.
        
             | eddsh1994 wrote:
             | Haha! Good sarcasm :)
        
             | rippercushions wrote:
             | This thread currently contains both people confused by the
             | OP's sarcasm, which didn't have a tag, and people annoyed
             | by the sarcasm tag in a reply.
        
             | pfoof wrote:
             | I kind of feel you, but I got downvoted too often on Reddit
             | because people cannot get sarcasm through text so this
             | might be necessary
        
         | dmitriid wrote:
         | > By putting paper work in the blockchain they managed to cut
         | shipping times by 40%!
         | 
         | You make the mistake of assuming that blockchain had something
         | to do with it. And not the act of replacing paper records with
         | digital records. Blockchain is entirely irrelevant.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | helsinkiandrew wrote:
           | > You make the mistake of assuming that blockchain had
           | something to do with it.
           | 
           | I was trying to be sarcastic!
        
             | chris_wot wrote:
             | It doesn't work well on HN
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | dmitriid wrote:
             | Ah, I misread you. Apologies!
        
           | tomalpha wrote:
           | > Blockchain is entirely irrelevant
           | 
           | I believe that's exactly what the OP said above
           | 
           | > You make the mistake
           | 
           | I think it might be the other way round here - do go and
           | reread the post you're replying to :)
        
         | danrocks wrote:
         | > Seriously though I believe the blockchain has always been
         | hidden behind an API hosted by IBM
         | 
         | I kind of misread what you said and read "Bitcoin" instead of
         | "blockchain", but this wrong scenario is as funny as your
         | comment. Imagine if the whole Bitcoin is powered by IBM in
         | secret as a ploy to sell their blockchain consulting services
         | [0].
         | 
         | [0] - https://www.ibm.com/blockchain/services
        
           | conorcleary wrote:
           | An astonishing amount of 'hackers' on this wee forum confuse
           | the two.
        
         | mumblemumble wrote:
         | I would guess that placing any sort of data like this on a
         | publicly-visible distributed ledger is the very last thing an
         | industry like international shipping wants. Pirates might love
         | it, though.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Even better: Industrial espionage, those records get you at
           | least half way to know everyones BoM, suppliers and prices.
        
         | satvikpendem wrote:
         | > _When you think about it, OpenSea would actually be much
         | "better" in the immediate sense if all the web3 parts were
         | gone. It would be faster, cheaper for everyone, and easier to
         | use. For example, to accept a bid on my NFT, I would have had
         | to pay over $80-$150+ just in ethereum transaction fees. That
         | puts an artificial floor on all bids, since otherwise you'd
         | lose money by accepting a bid for less than the gas fees.
         | Payment fees by credit card, which typically feel extortionary,
         | look cheap compared to that. OpenSea could even publish a
         | simple transparency log if people wanted a public record of
         | transactions, offers, bids, etc to verify their accounting._
         | 
         | > _However, if they had built a platform to buy and sell images
         | that wasn't nominally based on crypto, I don't think it would
         | have taken off. Not because it isn't distributed, because as
         | we've seen so much of what's required to make it work is
         | already not distributed. I don't think it would have taken off
         | because this is a gold rush. People have made money through
         | cryptocurrency speculation, those people are interested in
         | spending that cryptocurrency in ways that support their
         | investment while offering additional returns, and so that
         | defines the setting for the market of transfer of wealth._
         | 
         | https://moxie.org/2022/01/07/web3-first-impressions.html
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29845208
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Speaking of gas fees, are they still a thing now that they've
           | made the move to proof of stake? Since confirmation takes no
           | energy now and can be done at comparatively infinite speed it
           | would make sense for transaction fees to practically vanish.
        
             | lottin wrote:
             | No, the whole idea of both PoW and PoS is the same, namely
             | to prevent a Sybil attack by requiring participants to
             | incur an economic cost. In PoW, participants are required
             | to buy electricity, whereas in PoS they're required to buy
             | a virtual token. Therefore I don't see any reason why
             | switching from PoW to PoS should result in lower fees.
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | Making "mining" cheap, and speeding up the network, were
             | originally supposed to be one project, but got split into
             | two separate efforts so that PoS could be shipped sooner
             | (and so stop consuming half the world's supply of GPUs +
             | 0.1% of all electricity sooner.) Gas is still expensive
             | because "space for transactions in a block" is still a
             | scarce resource, because blocks are still only being
             | produced once per 10 seconds.
             | 
             | And they can't just flip a switch making it go N times
             | faster right now, because transaction execution is a serial
             | bottleneck -- a "full" Ethereum node can only evaluate
             | transactions at the speed of a single pinned CPU core, and
             | the average CPU's single-core performance isn't going to
             | become orders-of-magnitude faster any time soon. So there
             | is currently a fundamental limit on how many _transactions_
             | the network can execute per second, regardless of how they
             | 're packed into blocks. (And also, even if there was no
             | such bottleneck, the per-node chain state would also then
             | be growing N times faster, which causes its own scalability
             | problems.)
             | 
             | Sharding will fix both of those problems, making the chain
             | into N independent shards where any given "full" node only
             | has to sync some reasonable subset of said shards, and
             | where a node syncing multiple shards can run those syncs
             | independently in parallel (and so -- presuming a large
             | number of shards -- can use as many CPU cores as are
             | available.) But sharding is not done yet. So gas fees
             | remain for now.
        
             | miracle2k wrote:
             | Gas fees have nothing to do with Proof of Stake or Work.
             | You are not paying for the work done. They are a function
             | of demand / availability for block _space_.
        
           | miracle2k wrote:
           | > Not because it isn't distributed, because as we've seen so
           | much of what's required to make it work is already not
           | distributed.
           | 
           | The one thing that counts is: the ownership of the token, and
           | your inviolable ability to decide who gets to have it next.
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | Except that OpenSea can and does blacklist tokens, which
             | renders it inaccessible to most of the NFT buyers given
             | they don't understand how to trade outside of centralized
             | interfaces (well, most of crypto for that matter).
        
             | satvikpendem wrote:
             | If anyone cares at all about said token. It sounds great in
             | theory, doesn't work in practice.
        
         | anonymouse008 wrote:
         | > Seriously though I believe the blockchain has always been
         | hidden behind an API hosted by IBM (access to those who got
         | approved and paid a fee), blockchain was an
         | implementation/marketing detail and the whole thing could have
         | been done with Sybase/MDB etc.
         | 
         | Yeah, I signed up for TradeLens - this is accurate. The primary
         | 'integration' wasn't worked through though. You need to have
         | your customer bank and your bank accept the digital documents,
         | and still you need to work through the change log process in
         | case the BoL is wrong. There's a lot here to do - and I have to
         | imagine this field is where Flexport is heading.
         | 
         | I also looked into Circle to use USDC as the primary transfer
         | mechanism. However the commodities I know are all a 'trust'
         | relationship of international wires that works 'just good
         | enough'
        
           | texasbigdata wrote:
           | What exactly does flex port do outside of the non descriptive
           | marketing words on its website? Is it an oracle erp for a
           | formerly pdf and paper heavy biz?
        
             | yunohn wrote:
             | Yes. Literally, that's it.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | WiseTech is offering a similar solution with CargoWise.
               | Among the users are, e.g., DHL.
        
           | nwah1 wrote:
           | Why convert USD to USDC and back again, and get two currency
           | exchange dings, on top of the blockchain transfer fees... all
           | for the privilege of still needing to trust Circle (backed by
           | the sinking ship of Coinbase) when you could just do a cheap
           | and simple wire transfer. Same amount of trust, but less fees
           | and the trusted party is more trustworthy.
           | 
           | Edit: Come to think of it, you'd need to trust both Circle
           | and whatever cryptocurrency exchange.. in addition to your
           | bank. With wire transfer you just need to trust the wire and
           | your bank. So two parties vs three.
           | 
           | Wire is actually more trustless!
        
             | anonymouse008 wrote:
             | Our Letters of Credit and Document Collection finance
             | charges and operational hoops were insane when starting
             | out. That's the sweet spot for margin / profitability for
             | the 'bank-less' transfer. Your comment correctly points it
             | out that the wire is the more profitable if you can forgo
             | the loc/dc costs by a trusted relationship with wires.
        
       | surfingdino wrote:
       | Global shipping is one of those industries that are yet to
       | discover APIs. They are currently in awe of FTP and XML for EDI
       | though the way they use it is to stuff as much as possible into
       | the general catch-all tags, because they cannot agree on the
       | schemas.
       | 
       | It's the land of mainframes, T-SQL, Excel, and CSV. I have worked
       | with those global players and the way they run IT project is
       | appalling. Blockchain is way too futuristic for them and they
       | kinda miss faxes. People who genuinely want to change things are
       | frustrated, because no matter how modern their own solution are
       | they have to build integrations that work with something put
       | together thirty years ago, undocumented, and without any guidance
       | or help from the incumbent who then proceeds to not sign off on
       | the project and forces the partner to use the old document flows.
       | Worry not, there will be between 5 and 7 developers in each
       | meeting and the integrator's developers are not allowed to talk
       | directly with the incumbent's developers. I promised myself to
       | never work with those guys again.
        
         | gbro3n wrote:
         | The problem of old technologies isn't specific to the shipping
         | industry, this is true for many large, long running industries
         | where working systems matter. You see old technologies in
         | banking and you see it in transport for example. Shipping has a
         | better fitting use case for blockchain than many industries due
         | to interoperability with third parties and the need for
         | tracking and auditing. Maersk won't have bet the farm on this,
         | I'd be inclined to see it as leading a forward looking
         | experimentation with new technologies that hasn't panned out.
        
         | m00dy wrote:
         | yes, because it is not a competitive industry. A bunch of
         | families dominating the whole industry.
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | Naw man the whole industry is generally backwards. It's not
           | one or two companies.
        
             | hef19898 wrote:
             | So backwards that basically everyones lifelyhood can depend
             | on it. So, job well done, one could say.
        
       | cirgue wrote:
       | All of this talk about IBM being incompetent is completely
       | undeserved. They are probably the best in the business at selling
       | nonsense to gullible executives.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | They used to make really good typewriters...
        
         | ElfinTrousers wrote:
         | IBM stands for Internalize Barnum's Maxim. Referring, of
         | course, to a saying often attributed to P. T. Barnum, "There's
         | a sucker born every minute."
        
       | mjhay wrote:
       | It seems very IBM to build a useless crypto thing with a shipping
       | company.
        
         | NotYourLawyer wrote:
         | And why not? They still get paid.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | yalogin wrote:
       | The whole blockchain market is just trying to find a problem to
       | fit their solution. I haven't seen a use case that actually is
       | benefitted by it yet. There could be marginal advantages but that
       | would mean they need to convince someone (practically a lot of
       | parties) to adopt that solution so it achieves critical mass and
       | people think of it as a natural thing. That is very tough to
       | happen and a recession is bad for that adoption. It will be
       | interesting to see how blockchain businesses pan out.
        
       | etothepii wrote:
       | The block chain hype has been fascinating.
       | 
       | The (practically) immutable nature of a block chain is genuinely
       | fascinating and arguably very novel and new but the only reason
       | everyone got excited was because the value of Bitcoin went to the
       | moon.
       | 
       | I assume there is some growth hack idea here somewhere.
        
         | Salgat wrote:
         | The immutable nature of the blockchain is not the interesting
         | part, and in most cases you're far better off just using
         | Kafka/EventStore for that. The only revolutionary thing brought
         | by cryptocurrencies was truly anonymous trustless transactions,
         | and that's a very niche requirement in a world of government
         | and law.
        
         | CharlieDigital wrote:
         | > but the only reason everyone got excited was because the
         | value of Bitcoin went to the moon
         | 
         | I'm a blockchain minimalist, but I'd say that there are at
         | least 2 other reasons why blockchains are interesting:
         | 
         | 1) A trustless, distributed digital ledger.
         | 
         | But it turns out that _in most cases_, we are OK with a
         | trusted, centralized, institutional clearing agent that
         | maintains the ledger. The benefits are numerous as long as we
         | trust the institution/agent.
         | 
         | 2) An immutable record of transactions.
         | 
         | This follows (1), though: if you trust the institution, you
         | trust that there won't be a malicious mutation of your records
         | and in general, because the records are mutable, they can also
         | easily canceled or reversed which also turns out to be
         | generally beneficial.
         | 
         | So I do think blockchains do have some unique use cases where
         | they would be beneficial (e.g. I think property (land, home,
         | car) titles is a good one, car accident/repair history), but
         | there are just way too many where they add no value.
        
           | cpascal wrote:
           | You still have to trust that data was recorded into a
           | blockchain correctly/faithfully.
           | 
           | So you can never truly remove trust. I'm not sure a immutable
           | ledger is any more useful than a database if there is still
           | some sort of required trust component.
        
           | DebtDeflation wrote:
           | >So I do think blockchains do have some unique use cases
           | where they would be beneficial (e.g. I think property (land,
           | home, car) titles is a good one, car accident/repair history)
           | 
           | All of those use cases are subject to the Oracle Problem (you
           | have to trust whoever initially put the information on the
           | blockchain, and also that nothing happened later to the real
           | world entity that wasn't captured on the blockchain). As
           | such, they are horrible use cases for blockchain.
        
             | CharlieDigital wrote:
             | There is a difference in that the trust is now distributed
             | as opposed to centralized.
             | 
             | > you have to trust whoever initially put the information
             | on the blockchain
             | 
             | In all of those cases, that trust is already inherent in
             | the documents filed by the entities/institutions. But the
             | thing is, they also become gatekeepers of those records
             | (e.g. titles) which seems to be a great use case for a
             | distributed system.
             | 
             | > and also that nothing happened later to the real world
             | entity that wasn't captured on the blockchain
             | 
             | This is also the case with paper records; your car title
             | isn't automatically tied to whether your car is totaled or
             | sold. You update the record based on a change in the status
             | of the material object it represents whether it is a paper
             | or digital update or a blockchain update.
             | 
             | > they are horrible use cases for blockchain
             | 
             | I'd disagree; having an immutable record of ownership is
             | valuable; especially so in countries where a centralized
             | institution may not be trustworthy.
             | 
             | Especially with transactions around something like a car
             | where there are multiple entities that are reliant on the
             | record (your state DMV (and multiple sub-agencies), an
             | electronic toll vendor, your insurance provider, your loan
             | provider, maybe your landlord for an assigned parking
             | space), having a distributed ledger to access and immutably
             | modify the data would be a boon.
             | 
             | For titles on homes which are subject to liens, it would be
             | a great consumer benefit to be able to access this
             | information without paying several hundred dollars for a
             | title search.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | > I'd disagree; having an immutable record of ownership
               | is valuable; especially so in countries where a
               | centralized institution may not be trustworthy.
               | 
               | The idea that the blockchain can save you in this
               | situation seems like pure fantasy to me. A record of
               | ownership is only useful if the government is willing to
               | enforce it. Otherwise it's not worth the paper/bits it's
               | written on.
               | 
               | > For titles on homes which are subject to liens, it
               | would be a great consumer benefit to be able to access
               | this information without paying several hundred dollars
               | for a title search.
               | 
               | This is useful, but doesn't require blockchain at all.
               | Just a public API/database and a set of legislation that
               | would force use of said API. A blockchain would require
               | the same legislation anyways to ensure completeness.
        
           | dmitriid wrote:
           | > So I do think blockchains do have some unique use cases
           | where they would be beneficial (e.g. I think property (land,
           | home, car) titles is a good one
           | 
           | Two years ago I had a discussion on land registries. No,
           | blockchain is a terrible tech for them. See comment and the
           | discussion around
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27212564
        
           | dist1ll wrote:
           | > But it turns out that _in most cases_, we are OK with a
           | trusted, centralized, institutional clearing agent that
           | maintains the ledger. The benefits are numerous as long as we
           | trust the institution/agent.
           | 
           | Who is "we"? I'm not ok with trusting banks and clearing
           | houses with my money. I'm vehemently opposed to it.
           | 
           | I don't trust banks to act responsibly, and neither do I
           | trust auditors to be thorough. I'll happily continue using
           | crypto, with real SecOps, multi-sig auth, 2FA with hardware
           | keys (and no SMS), multi-stage cold storage withdrawal with
           | live self-hosted chain-analysis and no yearly account fee.
        
             | sjsdaiuasgdia wrote:
             | >no yearly account fee
             | 
             | Only true if you put no value on your own time and effort.
        
           | chris_wot wrote:
           | Finally, someone expresses it well!
        
         | substation13 wrote:
         | Indeed. Blockchain is a really clever piece of applied
         | cryptography with very limited real-world use-cases.
        
           | otabdeveloper4 wrote:
           | The real-world use-cases are already covered by git.
        
             | chris_wot wrote:
             | No, git uses a merkle tree, which the blockchain also uses.
             | That's the only similarity. It doesn't rely on a massively
             | distributed system to get the next time stamp for the next
             | commit.
             | 
             | Git is decentralised, not distributed. You get the whole
             | git database (for want of a better word) when you clone it,
             | unless you use the --unshallow option.
             | 
             | git does not implement a block-chain.
        
             | jacoblambda wrote:
             | Not all of them. There are two very specific use cases that
             | it has value as:
             | 
             | 1. A decentralised/trust-less "source of truth" for
             | coordination between mutually distrusting parties. This was
             | the "novel" innovation for Bitcoin and it's been refined
             | with the less energy intensive consensus algorithms. Not
             | everything needs this and arguably fairly few things do but
             | for the projects that benefit from trust-less coordination
             | as an option, I'm not sure there's a better alternative
             | yet.
             | 
             | 2. As a decentralised marketplace for a given resource. The
             | most common one is the basic cryptocurrency which is a fee
             | market for inclusion in the ledger. Past that however are
             | Storage, Data routing (i.e. VPN or onion routing), and
             | Verifiable Compute (or non-accuracy-critical compute like
             | 3d rendering).
             | 
             | Outside of those, I'd also argue it's useful for privacy
             | preserving transactions (like monero, etc) but I know some
             | people will disagree that that's "just for criminals".
             | 
             | Don't get me wrong, a lot of cryptocurrency or blockchain
             | projects are practically an abstraction over git or a
             | database but there are a number of very useful things you
             | can do with blockchains that you just can't do with git or
             | a db.
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | Doesn't really make any sense. A regular database with
               | digital signatures chained per transaction gives you all
               | the benefits without any of the downsides of a
               | blockchain.
        
               | substation13 wrote:
               | No, it doesn't. How do you build consensus around the
               | signatures?
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | The same way humans have for millennia: relying on
               | authority, reputation, and auditing. Blockchains have
               | enormous overhead because they're trying to be anonymous
               | but once you need real-world connections you're already
               | giving that up, which makes it much cheaper to simply
               | rely on those existing relationships.
               | 
               | Historically, that was things like documents being
               | stamped or sealed by a trusted third party witness,
               | escrow agents to hold funds or property until some
               | transaction finished, auditors confirming that a
               | particular good was in the expected condition, etc. In
               | every case, anonymity would be a negative because you
               | want to know, for example, that your notary doesn't have
               | a criminal history or a reputation for sloppy record
               | keeping.
               | 
               | In the electronic era, that could be implemented using
               | PKI where different parties register keys (or more likely
               | corporate CAs) and use those to sign transactions or
               | witness having seen a particular record. That's similar
               | to a blockchain in terms of trust but orders of magnitude
               | more efficient and robust since it doesn't require a
               | network connection to a complex distributed service.
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | What does that mean? The signatures are self-describing,
               | you don't need to build a "consensus" around them.
        
               | jacoblambda wrote:
               | How do you agree on which signatures or information are
               | actually part of the database? How do you decide who gets
               | to add new entries to the database?
               | 
               | Unless there is some meaningful method for maintaining
               | the current state and each atomic change to that state
               | going backwards, you are losing security guarantees.
               | 
               | You can go down the git route but history is trivially
               | rewrite-able and while git is decentralised, it has no
               | mechanism for coming to a consensus about which history
               | is the right one.
               | 
               | Now you are back to determining consensus. You can either
               | just say "X is the authority" and use a hosted git repo
               | but if that's not viable for your threat model, you are
               | pretty much back to cryptocurrency style consensus
               | (probably Proof of Stake or Proof of Authority depending
               | on your threat model).
        
               | root_axis wrote:
               | Proof of work is slow, wasteful, and provides no benefits
               | to the proposed problem (chain of custody tracking).
               | Proof of stake makes no sense for this use case because
               | there's nothing to stake. "Proof of Authority" is
               | effectively just a centralized DB.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _trust-less "source of truth" for coordination between
               | mutually distrusting parties_
               | 
               | This only works if everything of value is on the
               | blockchain. Otherwise, the oracle problem makes regular
               | databases a better solution.
        
               | qznc wrote:
               | The "decentralized" is not a requirement. For example,
               | nobody really needs a "decentralized marketplace". They
               | just need a "marketplace".
               | 
               | Mediation and arbitration are well known methods when
               | trust is missing. A joint venture with a database can do
               | anything the blockchain community built more efficiently.
        
       | tokai wrote:
       | Weirdly they are stilling hiring developers.
       | 
       | https://www.tradelens.com/careers
        
         | actionfromafar wrote:
         | Someone forgot to turn off the lights, probably.
         | 
         | Or maybe, maybe, they actually need some hands to migrate stuff
         | onto some other solution.
        
       | samwillis wrote:
       | Colour me surprised.
       | 
       | I don't think I have yet heard of an industrial use of bock chain
       | technology that would not be better and more easily solved with a
       | "traditional" database.
       | 
       | There has been so much talk of using it for supply chain tracking
       | and inventory, but it only gives you more problems to solve.
       | Ultimately you need someone to be the "authority" in business
       | transactions, a platform built on a decentralised block chain
       | would still need that for any of these logistics problems.
       | 
       | Even when you look at crypto currency use of the block chain, the
       | vast majority of transactions are happening off chain on a
       | traditional database via an exchange.
        
         | subradios wrote:
         | Everything would be better, but nobody would want to build the
         | platform. Supply chain is a cartel industry and the present
         | cartels aren't interested in new entrants.
        
         | qznc wrote:
         | DNS aka NameCoin is still the best use case in my opinion. Even
         | there, the current centralized "everybody trusts ICANN" works
         | well enough.
         | 
         | It would require a situation close to WW3 such that China
         | decides to create their own top-level registrar maybe. Then the
         | EU does a third and then the world splits into chaos. Then
         | NameCoin could arise as a neutral viable alternative. Looks
         | very unlikely to me.
        
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