[HN Gopher] 2D Rubik's Cube solution visualization
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       2D Rubik's Cube solution visualization
        
       Author : iamben
       Score  : 245 points
       Date   : 2022-11-23 09:03 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | yamrzou wrote:
       | Someone linked [1] an interesting tool in the replies: _MagicTile
       | - Geometrical and Topological Analogues of Rubik 's Cube_ -
       | http://roice3.org/magictile/
       | 
       | "If you want to try solving the Rubik's Cube this way, you should
       | try @roice713's MagicTile. You can choose the Rubik's cube among
       | hundreds of puzzles. The stereographic projection makes it look
       | like the animation in this post."
       | 
       | [1] https://twitter.com/mananself/status/1595132523264167936
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | > The stereographic projection makes it look like the animation
         | in this post.
         | 
         | Couldn't be further from the truth. The image in the tweet is a
         | huge improvement over the stereographic projection.
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | It is the same thing, with two tiny changes:
           | 
           | 1. different-size projected squares are replaced with same-
           | size circles
           | 
           | 2. the tweet's image puts the north pole on a corner; the
           | projection on the upthread link puts the north pole on the
           | face.
           | 
           | Keeping the corner at the north pole does make it easier to
           | understand, but it's still a stereographic projection.
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | Mathologer video going in depth on MagicTile and Rubik's cube
         | variants like Kleij Bottle.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=DvZnh7-nslo
        
       | kirjavascript wrote:
       | another 2D visualisation of the rubiks cube that is popularly
       | used for computer simulation speedsolving is qcube[1]
       | 
       | despite not being able to see all sides of the cube, it's
       | surprisingly easy to solve on, as you essentially see the same
       | stickers that you would in real life.
       | 
       | there is even an IRC based version!
       | 
       | [1] https://mzrg.com/js/qcube-v2.html
        
         | yamrzou wrote:
         | How does it work? I couldn't understand keyboard controls.
        
           | kirjavascript wrote:
           | here's an image of the keymap: https://cube.garron.us/keyboar
           | d_layout/files/heise_simulator...
           | 
           | and an explanation of the notation:
           | https://jperm.net/3x3/moves
        
       | rwnspace wrote:
       | As someone who as held national records in the sport of
       | speedcubing, I don't feel this makes it easier to understand, at
       | least if you are going for an instrumental understanding of how
       | to solve it. I think the community are pretty good at teaching
       | that now! But it does look extremely cool.
       | 
       | My favourite one-liner for improving understanding is something
       | roughly like 'solve areas made of pieces, not faces made of
       | stickers'. Very much clearer when you have a cube to take apart
       | and put together in the order you would solve them.
        
         | phkahler wrote:
         | My feeble record is just under one minute. But I spent a lot of
         | time thinking about how to represent the cube in a computer.
         | Yes think pieces, not stickers. But for a long time I thought
         | pieces had position and orientation. More recently I noticed
         | that if we imagine each piece of a solved cube being connected
         | to the cube center (an imaginary extension of the piece) it
         | becomes clear that rotation is the only real freedom, and if a
         | piece is in the correct orientation it is automatically in the
         | right position! The reverse is not true of course.
         | 
         | I don't think this is helpful for humans solving, but for
         | computers it largely takes position out of it. Position does
         | determine which pieces are rotated by any given move though.
        
         | iamben wrote:
         | Agree with you completely - I can't see how this would help me,
         | but it's very cool to watch!
         | 
         | And congrats on the records! I've managed to get just below the
         | minute mark a handful of times and remain in complete awe of
         | anyone sub 60 seconds!
        
           | rwnspace wrote:
           | Thank you, very kind. I myself am in awe of the current best
           | solvers, the difference between my previously world-class
           | average and the records now is massive.
        
       | jbj wrote:
       | on a similar note, you can get yourself a 4D rubiks cube
       | (projected into 3D)
       | 
       | It is not a 3x3x3x3 but 2x2x2x2.
       | 
       | It looks like Melinda (the inventor) have made them easier to
       | obtain. back when I got one, 3D printed parts, magnets, and
       | coating all came from different sources, but absolutely worth it,
       | they are very unique and work well.
       | 
       | link: https://superliminal.com/cube/2x2x2x2/
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | bitslayer wrote:
       | The corners appear as triangles in the figure. I counted all the
       | triangles I could find and was confused because I only saw 7. But
       | then I realized the 8th is around the outside of the whole
       | figure!
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | I saw this on Mastodon three hours before the $8Chan link was
       | posted here.
       | 
       | https://piaille.fr/@Mnaudin/109389968985022395
       | 
       | It's a really poor representation, for specific reasons:
       | 
       | - it doesn't convey how the corner and edge colors are
       | constrained into moving together, due to being mounted on the
       | same cube piece.
       | 
       | - doesn't convey how the center face pieces stay in place
       | relative to each other.
       | 
       | - certain rotations "cheat": the dots dance around, not staying
       | on their orbit tracks.
        
         | cvoss wrote:
         | But the actual 3D Rubik's Cube is also a really poor
         | representation, because at all times you can only see at most
         | half of the cube. I guess the point of making a 2D
         | representation is to correct that problem. I can much more
         | easily superimpose the missing connections you have mentioned
         | in my mind's eye onto this 2D representation than I can
         | remember the 3D layout of the half of the cube I can't see. Not
         | everyone's brain works that way, but mine does.
        
       | 988747 wrote:
       | If I understand it correctly, this visualization does not take
       | into account the constraints of some faces being physically tied
       | to each other, by being on the same cube. So, while it can show
       | the process of solving cube, it is not a replacement for the cube
       | (i.e. you can't use it as a simulation to try to figure out new
       | algorithms)
        
         | nsilvestri wrote:
         | It does, but not elegantly: when a non-slice move is made, you
         | have to rotate the 3x3 group at the center. You see it in the
         | animation.
        
       | benniomars wrote:
       | How is this easier to understand? And is the Rubik's Cuber hard
       | to understand at all?
       | 
       | You got 26 cubes in 3D space that need to go to their correct
       | locations. They can move in 3 axis. They are color coded for
       | recognition.
       | 
       | I think anyone is able to solve the first 2 layers intuitively.
       | Just start by following one of those 26 little cubes and see how
       | it moves about.
        
         | swores wrote:
         | I'm sure it was just a typo but in case it confuses somebody
         | reading your comment: 27 cubes, not 26 :)
        
           | leviathan wrote:
           | The cube in the center doesn't exist
        
             | swores wrote:
             | Then it was me who was confused, thanks for the correction
             | :)
        
             | withinboredom wrote:
             | The cube in the center would beg to differ.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | It exists. (Well, as a matter of the mechanics of the
             | physical object, there is no center cube, but the other
             | parts aren't cubes either.)
             | 
             | But it is not one of the cubes that need to go to their
             | correct locations. The center cube is not moved by any
             | operation on the cube; it is always in its correct
             | location.
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | Center cube is not moved, but it is rotated. However,
               | since it does not have any colored faces then it's
               | rotations are meaningless.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | If the cubes have correct locations, none of them need to
               | have colored faces. The location is enough.
               | 
               | (At least, that's true of the 26 outer cubes. You can't
               | get them all into place without simultaneously aligning
               | them correctly. I don't actually know if correct
               | alignment of the center cube is also required, but it'd
               | be my first guess.)
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | That's provably false - I witnessed it many times when
               | solving the cube myself. Colored faces determine
               | orientation, in addition to location. In the Rubik
               | solving method that I know (a simple method for amateurs,
               | not remotely close to professional speed cubing methods)
               | there's actually a late stage where ALL the cubes are in
               | their correct locations, except some of the third layer
               | corners might have a wrong orientation - there's a
               | dedicated sequence of turns that allows to solve that.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | By the same logic, there are 6 more invisible cubes, 1
               | above each face. Where does it end?
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | The center cube is obviously part of the mental model of
               | the cube, the Platonic object that the physical object is
               | supposed to represent.
               | 
               | Nobody believes there are invisible cubes outside the
               | Rubik's cube. That's not the same logic; that's you
               | trying and failing to imagine a problem with the idea
               | that cutting a cube into three parts along each of its
               | three axes will generate a hidden central subcube.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | jb1991 wrote:
         | Exactly this. It's not just rubik's cubes, it's also very easy
         | to, for example, use just a few lines of bash to implement a
         | stable, featureful sync tool like dropbox. Everyone's always
         | making things seem more complicated than they really are.
        
           | umanwizard wrote:
           | Er... what? I don't understand how this is related at all.
           | And yes, I know about the famous Dropbox HN comment.
           | 
           | I agree with the other commenter that a normal 3D cube feels
           | much more intuitive and simple. I guess it's just personal
           | preference/thinking style.
        
           | detritus wrote:
           | I genuinely can't tell if you're being sardonic here. This
           | being HN, I guess I have to assume you're being earnest.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Mentioning Dropbox is the key to it being sarcastic.
             | 
             | Like someone saying "less space than a nomad. Lame."
        
             | jb1991 wrote:
             | yep sorry, the Dropbox reference is a long-standing HN
             | inside joke about comments like these. You can probably
             | search to find the whole history of this reference, it's
             | rather amusing.
        
               | pvg wrote:
               | _long-standing HN inside joke_
               | 
               | It's more of a worn-out trope by this point and better
               | skipped. Just sneerfully flag lame comments.
        
               | detritus wrote:
        
               | detritus wrote:
               | I know the meme, which is why I was wondering, haha :)
               | It's also the sort of thing that could've been meant
               | entirely sincerely, in line with the comment of the
               | person you were responding, being particularly painful to
               | me as I've always had a massive mental block with Rubiks
               | Cubes!
               | 
               | Dark [Rubik's] Magic that they are.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | joshspankit wrote:
       | Kind of reminds me of playing the 4D Rubik's cube
        
       | slim wrote:
       | I never wanted to learn how to solve it, because finiding my way
       | to solve it _is the game_. who 's like me?
       | 
       | I bought a rubik's cube when my son was born, because I wanted
       | something to play that was not my phone while he was on my lap. 3
       | years later I'm able to complete one face in like 5 min
       | consistently. still a long way to solve it, new techniques to
       | discover and hours of play in sight. yay!
        
         | gregfjohnson wrote:
         | Given that you can solve the top layer, there is a really nice
         | hack that lets you work out the rest of the puzzle. Say your
         | top layer is completely solved, except that one of the top side
         | pieces is flipped 180 degrees. You know a sequence of moves
         | that will fix that piece, to solve the top layer. If you do
         | that sequence and then run the same sequence backwards, you
         | will get the cube back to the same place, first with that side
         | piece fixed, and then rotated 180 degrees again. But here is
         | the trick: Before you run the sequence backwards, rotate the
         | top! You will restore the cube exactly to where it was, except
         | that now TWO of the top side pieces will have been flipped 180
         | degrees! This is referred to as a commutator operation, and is
         | what Ryan Heise explains. Variants of this trick will let you
         | rotate two corners in opposite directions, and re-position two
         | top pieces and one bottom piece. One last thing: when solving
         | the bottom layer, you may find yourself unable to re-position
         | cubies into place using 3-way moves. Just rotate the top layer
         | 90 degrees and you will then be able to proceed to completion.
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | It's a huge leap to get past the first layer. Your curt rate of
         | progress suggests that your strategy will not solve the cube in
         | your lifetime.
         | 
         | And it's almost impossible to do it without taking notes on
         | paper or computer. (If that were doable, their wouldn't be so
         | many walkthroughs). Solving the cube is a hard applied group
         | theory "homework" problem.
         | 
         | This video explains the principles of solving a Rubik's cube on
         | your own.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=-NL76uQOpI0
        
         | robot_no_421 wrote:
         | It's still fun once you learn how to solve it. But fun in a
         | different way.
         | 
         | You're treating it as a puzzle to solve. But once you learn how
         | to solve it, it ceases to be a puzzle and it becomes a really
         | fun fidget toy. Seeing how fast you can solve it is enjoyable
         | and gives your fingers some great dexterity exercise. I have
         | one on my desk and when I want to take a break from coding I'll
         | scramble it up and fidget around with it for a bit.
        
         | _nalply wrote:
         | I found my way to solve the Rubik cube thirty years ago. I
         | still can solve the cube in between 5 and 10 minutes. My way of
         | solving is not the fastest. Sometimes I have to repeat the last
         | sequence six times and this takes a long time. But I know that
         | my way is mine and only mine, and this makes me happy.
        
         | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
         | The [Heise
         | method](https://www.ryanheise.com/cube/heise_method.html) is
         | essentially that, but formalized. No algorithms to memorize,
         | just understanding how the cube works and using that to solve
         | it.
        
         | hota_mazi wrote:
         | Actually, solving the cube is just the beginning of the game.
         | 
         | If you are interested in optimizing, there are an infinite
         | numbers of axes you can work on to solve faster.
         | 
         | First, there are several general approaches, although
         | realistically, only two (CFOP, Roux).
         | 
         | Each of these methods have phases which you can practice and
         | improve on separately, A lot of them require simple
         | memorization (muscle memory for the most part) but all of them
         | at some point contain a certain level of intuition and pattern
         | recognition (e.g. lookahead), and for that, the only limit is
         | your brain.
         | 
         | It's a fascinating puzzle with neverending interest, at least
         | for me (I solve in average around 25 seconds).
        
       | greenbit wrote:
       | Was trying to make sense of that solve, but couldn't see any
       | algorithmic thing happening. Either that's the craziest method I
       | ever saw, or it's just a reversal of a random scramble.
       | 
       | Regardless, none of that takes away from the nifty 2D projection
       | technique!
        
         | noroot wrote:
         | I also wondered the same and could not recognize any of the
         | normal speed cubing methods.
        
         | exitb wrote:
         | There are algorithms that are more efficient than the typical
         | speed cubing methods, but are based on large amounts of
         | computation, rather than pattern matching, thus unfit for
         | humans.
        
           | karmakaze wrote:
           | If it depends on large amounts of computation, how can it be
           | considered more efficient? If it's precomputed, then it's
           | again pattern matching. If by algorithm you mean the sequence
           | of rotations, then yes there is a small upper bound that
           | speedcubers typically exceed in solving any specific
           | randomization. _[I never liked that some call a fixed
           | sequence of moves an algorithm.]_
           | 
           | Rubik's Cube solution unlocked by memorising 3915 final move
           | sequences[0].
           | 
           | > For the first time, a speedcuber has demonstrated a
           | solution to the Rubik's cube that combines the two final
           | steps of the puzzle's solution into one
           | 
           | [0] https://www.newscientist.com/article/2334632-rubiks-cube-
           | sol...
        
             | krisoft wrote:
             | > If it depends on large amounts of computation, how can it
             | be considered more efficient?
             | 
             | More efficient in terms of rotations necessary to solve the
             | cube.
        
           | koide wrote:
           | I guess you mean efficient in that they produce a shorter (or
           | even the shortest) sequence of moves to solve a given
           | scramble. But if it takes 5 minutes of computation to produce
           | the solve, then in practice they are not yet very efficient.
        
             | exitb wrote:
             | By computation in this case I mean evaluating the state of
             | the cube after a series of moves. It's extremely difficult
             | for a human, but a computer can simulate millions of moves
             | in a fraction of a second. So realistically, any modern
             | computer can find a low rotation count solution to any
             | scramble almost instantaneously.
        
             | MayeulC wrote:
             | it depends how much you value a move, vs a computer
             | instruction.
             | 
             | Get a faster computer and a larger cube, the trade-off is
             | likely worth it. A rubik's cube isn't such an intractable
             | problem, I doubt a computer can't solve it faster than a
             | human: in the worst case, they can rely on the same
             | algorithm. Then, they can try to find shortcuts or just
             | shorter paths.
             | 
             | I always thought minimizing the number of moves was the
             | goal, hence "more efficient" made sense to me too.
        
       | raintrees wrote:
       | https://nitter.net/jagarikin/status/1593771091738374144
        
       | andirk wrote:
       | This is so beautiful. Changing dimensions is often mind boggling
       | even though it makes sense.
        
         | fouronnes3 wrote:
         | 4DToys is a VR game where you can "physically" play with 4D
         | objects - as a 3D being of course, so you only get so see and
         | touch one 3D slice, but the object is free to move in 4D
         | (there's an actual 4D physics engine). There's something out of
         | this world to hold a 4D cube in your hand and rotate it. You
         | also get a software cursor to move yourself along the fourth
         | spatial dimension.
        
       | infamousclyde wrote:
       | It's a spectacular visualization, kudos to the author. However,
       | I'm not sure it made it particularly easier to understand,
       | although I know that is subjective.
       | 
       | Something that helped me was [1]. It took me from being someone
       | who could not solve at all, to actually being quite good-- in the
       | 13-20 second range. The beginner method listed on the site can
       | easily put you in the sub-minute territory.
       | 
       | [1]: http://badmephisto.com/
        
         | gilleain wrote:
         | I like this guy:
         | 
         | > Q: I Added you as a friend but you didn't accept. WHY DO YOU
         | HATE ME?
         | 
         | > A: I dont accept any friend invites. But maybe I still hate
         | you, who knows?
        
           | rwnspace wrote:
           | You'll like him even more if you know who Andrej Karpathy is,
           | as they're the same person.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | wantsanagent wrote:
       | Cube solving is a path finding problem.
       | 
       | The way to learn path finding problem is to understand how your
       | actions move you through the space you're navigating.
       | 
       | One of the most effective ways to learn these relationships is to
       | work backwards.
       | 
       | Starting from the goal, take a step away, then step back. Then
       | take two steps away, then those steps back. Then take different
       | steps away and steps back.
       | 
       | As you move farther and farther from the goal you get an
       | explosion of options that quickly requires deduction of
       | strategies over memorization of all paths back to the goal.
       | 
       | This can help ground learning the well known techniques for cube
       | solving.
       | 
       | This visualization _might_ help with that process, but just
       | playing solutions from start to finish (IMO) doesn 't.
        
         | taeric wrote:
         | I found it somewhat fun to think of it in terms of
         | permutations. https://taeric.github.io/cube-permutations-1.html
         | is where I started with the idea. Never went too far with it,
         | sadly.
         | 
         | I do have my own 2d view of the rubics cube there. Was fun to
         | watch the squares jump around. :D
        
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       (page generated 2022-11-23 23:01 UTC)