[HN Gopher] NASA's Orion spacecraft reaches the moon, flying 81 ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       NASA's Orion spacecraft reaches the moon, flying 81 miles above the
       surface
        
       Author : mmq
       Score  : 186 points
       Date   : 2022-11-21 15:30 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.washingtonpost.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.washingtonpost.com)
        
       | areoform wrote:
       | There are some people saying that the onboard cameras are very
       | bad and badly positioned. While the imagery is breathtaking to
       | me, it's just a tiny taste of what's yet to come -- most of the
       | images/videos haven't been downlinked yet.
       | 
       | Orion is the most media consumption focused craft that NASA has
       | ever sent out. There are 16 cameras on the mission, ranging from,
       | -- 7 COTS GoPro Hero 4 Black derived cameras that shoot video in,
       | 4k/30fps, 1080p/120fps, 720p/240fps. 4 of these are mounted on
       | tips of the solar panel. Most of the pictures that you are seeing
       | are from these cameras.              - Cameras around the service
       | module and the Orion capsule that are (mostly, AFAICT) wired
       | cameras derived from PixeLINK PL-D725, these shoot in color and
       | B&W, and record at 75fps on a single channel.              - 3
       | internal Cameras that are a part of Callisto a Lockheed Martin
       | thing.
       | 
       | On the ground, we've gotten used to fairly high bandwidth
       | communications system, but Orion is using NASA's Deep Space
       | Network. There just isn't enough bandwidth to downlink the kind
       | of pristine imagery that people want.
       | 
       | We'll have to wait until the capsule comes back home to watch all
       | of the 4k video that this machine is capturing.
       | 
       | We have come a long way though, when the Apollo missions were
       | going on, all they had were grainy TV broadcasts. They had to
       | wait for weeks to get those gorgeous images out.
        
         | godelski wrote:
         | > On the ground,
         | 
         | On the ground we've also gotten used to soft lighting
         | conditions. Light in space works pretty differently from that
         | on ground. On Earth we have more diffuse lighting as the light
         | of the sun gets spread out from the atmosphere. There are many
         | (MANY) surfaces for light to bounce off of and reflect from,
         | making a more full looking light. In space, on the other hand,
         | light is more often like a point light source. Your background
         | is (effectively) the blackest of blacks. Your foreground is
         | extremely bright. Cameras have pretty limited dynamic ranges.
         | This also contributes to the blurryness you see and why the
         | shadows look "off" (there's actually conspiracy theories around
         | shadows on the moon because of this misunderstanding).
         | 
         | So even after we get all that 4k video things will still be
         | "off" but like areoform is saying, we've come an incredibly
         | long ways. I for one am excited for all these images. But also
         | don't expect them to look like what you're used to on Earth.
         | (and take this message as a warning for incoming conspiracies)
        
         | anikom15 wrote:
         | NASA has all that money and they can't even get cameras that
         | shoot at 4K@60p?
        
         | iJohnDoe wrote:
         | Thanks for the information. Very helpful.
         | 
         | My conspiracy side thinks NASA wants the opportunity to review
         | the high resolution photos and video before they are revealed
         | to the public.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | They have to paint out by hand the wires that enable the
           | astronauts to walk like they're in low gravity. This takes
           | time.
        
             | UnpossibleJim wrote:
             | Automation is their friend. Just "hot pink" those wires and
             | batch the process =P
        
           | lowbloodsugar wrote:
           | Gotta edit out the decepticons.
        
           | mindcrime wrote:
           | _Okay, boss, this LTX-71 concealable mike is part of the same
           | system that NASA used when they faked the Apollo Moon
           | landings. They had the astronauts broadcast around the world
           | from a sound stage at Norton Air Force Base in San Bernadino,
           | California. So it worked for them, shouldn 't give us too
           | many problems._
        
             | runesofdoom wrote:
             | That's not true. Everyone knows that Coppola forced them to
             | shoot on-site.
        
               | SkyMarshal wrote:
               | Coppola: If I'm going to make a fake moon landing video
               | it's going to be the best damn one ever created. We're
               | shooting on site, and that's final!
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I believe someone did the math and supposedly showed that
               | it would have been cheaper to actually land on the moon
               | than fake it with what they had available at the time.
        
           | themadturk wrote:
           | "That's no moon. That's the set Stanley Kubrick built to film
           | the fake moon landings."
        
           | anogrebattle wrote:
           | To be fair, NASA _is_ probably reviewing the high res imagery
           | before releasing it, but for a much more mundane reason than
           | any conspiracy theory. A lot of contractors worked on Orion.
           | NASA is responsible for not accidentally leaking any trade
           | secrets that may be visible in imagery.
        
             | mcculley wrote:
             | If the fundamental delay to NASA releasing images is leak
             | of proprietary data, that is a pretty good argument against
             | the continued existence of NASA as a public agency.
        
           | el_toast wrote:
           | No conspiracy or funniness to be had. ITAR is the main
           | limiting factor to releasing images/videos at this point.
           | Next is the download rate and the high res images are not
           | high priority since operations can be run using lower
           | resolution. We all need to remember mission success is the
           | highest priority. We will get the good stuff we want, just
           | not immediately.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | poutine wrote:
         | Wait, a GoPro works in vacuum in space? Even one derived from
         | that? That's pretty cool. What did they do to it to make it
         | work in such a crazy environment?
        
           | tehf0x wrote:
           | The main issue is radiation from the sun and I guess the rest
           | of space. This paper will give you a very nice idea of all
           | the issues with COTS in space: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu
           | /cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2...
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | kmacdough wrote:
           | Space is inhospitable for humans, but not so bad for tech.
           | With no need for a cushy room-temperature, you mostly need to
           | think about increased radiation and temperature swings.
           | 
           | I can't find details on NASA's designs, but I suspect you'd
           | mostly need a new casing. Something radiation-tolerant (most
           | plastic degrades quickly) and maybe radiation-shielding if it
           | messes with the electronics too much. For temperature you
           | could just run it through a few cycles on Earth and see what
           | breaks. Probably nothing, given the GoPro's lack of moving
           | parts and general ruggedness.
           | 
           | The rugged, icy, salt-water environments the GoPro is
           | designed for are, in many ways, a lot more demanding than
           | space.
        
             | justinator wrote:
             | My GoPro won't work if it's too cold (lithium battery).
             | 
             | They're using GoPro 4's, which is somewhat interesting, as
             | the 11 just came out. So, old tech (8 years old or so)
             | that's been heavily modified to work in space. I'm reminded
             | some janky PowerPC powers the FORTRAN code that runs the
             | Hubble.
             | 
             | It is romantic to think that the Earthrise photo was taken
             | with a Hasselblad medium format camera.
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kovAmQ0jz4
        
               | xenospn wrote:
               | All space hardware is old since it has to be radiation-
               | proof and proven reliable above all else.
        
             | TrainedMonkey wrote:
             | To add to that - vacuum can also mess up sealed components
             | that were manufactured at 1ATM. This is mostly a problem
             | with electrolytic batteries and capacitors which puff up
             | when the atmospheric pressure is removed. For batteries
             | mitigations include manufacturing at low pressures or
             | constraining the expansion mechanically.
        
           | dotnet00 wrote:
           | It seems likely that a lot of industrial grade hardware would
           | work just fine in space, needing at most minor tweaks,
           | especially for operating periods of weeks/months at most.
           | Government contracting is just too used to the old model of
           | burning billions on redesigning everything (because, of
           | course, jobs). They've only barely gotten over that model for
           | rocketry in general.
           | 
           | For instance, the footage on Perseverance's landing was also
           | all from off-the-shelf hardware. The Ingenuity helicopter is
           | also largely off-the-shelf gear, it uses a plain old
           | Snapdragon 801 as its main processor running Linux.
           | Perseverance also uses an Intel Atom processor (although it
           | carries 2) to receive footage from all the cameras and
           | compress them, compared to the main processor, which is an
           | ancient PowerPC chip. IIRC there was also a cubesat which
           | used a smartphone as its processor and several others which
           | have used Raspberry Pis. A GoPro has also been to space
           | earlier this year.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | Symmetry wrote:
           | SpaceX actually has used them on a bunch of Falcon 9
           | launches. But I'd worry about how well a GoPro would survive
           | in the long run in the harsh radiation environment outside
           | the Van Allen belts.
        
           | pkaye wrote:
           | NASA has plenty of vacuum chambers that they can control the
           | pressure and temperature. They even tested the entire JWST
           | hardware in a massive vacuum chamber.
        
             | harywilke wrote:
             | Here is the entire Orion spacecraft being put in one NASA's
             | vacuum chambers.
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G99L5RRjEKA
        
             | TaylorAlexander wrote:
             | heck I have a vacuum chamber on my desk at home, though not
             | one as good as the NASA ones
        
       | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/99rIO
        
       | TechBro8615 wrote:
       | Why has no human stepped foot on the moon for 50+ years? This
       | never made sense to me.
        
         | kristianp wrote:
         | The Space Shuttle and the International Space Station were
         | hugely expensive. They became the focus, despite not providing
         | much bang for buck.
        
           | q1w2 wrote:
           | There also wasn't sufficient scientific justification.
           | 
           | The focus (pun intended) has been space based telescopes and
           | study of more distant planets and objects.
        
         | adventured wrote:
         | We have been busy doing other things more interesting
         | (subjective) and useful toward improving human quality of life
         | than walking on the moon again.
         | 
         | The moon is a bit of a luxury. We're going back because it has
         | gotten a lot cheaper to do so (and China is going for it soon,
         | which spurred the US to go back before China gets there). The
         | sole reason the US is more recently in such a hurry to go back
         | is because of China's progress.
         | 
         | There is very little value in merely going back and walking
         | around again. The only good reason to go back is to begin
         | building a long-term settlement/base of some manner, and we
         | couldn't afford to hope to attempt it until recently. Starship
         | is the only thing that can make that economically viable this
         | decade.
        
         | dotnet00 wrote:
         | As soon as the initial mandate was met, politicians did their
         | thing and corrupted the space program to prioritize jobs (and
         | thus votes) over space exploration.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | csours wrote:
         | There's no oil on the moon (yet).
         | 
         | ===
         | 
         | Actual serious answer: It takes a lot of energy to get to the
         | moon. Even more to land safely. Even more to take off again.
         | Even more get back to Earth.
         | 
         | That energy costs a lot of money. It costs a lot more money to
         | test all the things that use that energy. We are at the bottom
         | of an energy and money hole, the moon is at the top.
        
         | MystK wrote:
         | Its very expensive.
        
           | Maursault wrote:
           | And very dangerous.
        
             | oliwary wrote:
             | And incredibly far, much further than I used to think - you
             | can fit all planets in the solar system in the average
             | distance between the earth and the moon!
             | 
             | https://www.universetoday.com/115672/you-could-fit-all-
             | the-p...
        
             | troutwine wrote:
             | For a little more context, there were Apollo flights
             | planned out to 20, Nixon cut those. The Apollo Applications
             | Program aimed at building a lunar base and observatories up
             | through '76 but the Johnson administration declined to fund
             | it partially to fund of Great Society programs but also
             | partially because no one could adequately explain what a
             | lunar base would be worth. We did get Skylab and the
             | Apollo-Soyuz project, so it's not like project ground
             | entirely down to a halt but what we did eventually get was
             | a far cry from the heady dreams of the mid-60s, that's for
             | sure. And, as cool a vehicle as the Shuttle was the STS did
             | not at all deliver on its promises, further sapping
             | resources.
             | 
             | Why haven't we gone back to the moon? Funding dried up real
             | quick once it was clear the Space Race could be won with
             | the existing amount of money spent, new projects had to
             | answer "why" in a concrete way to compete for limited
             | resources and it was not at all clear what we'd go to the
             | moon for compared to, say, building the ISS.
             | 
             | Space theorists in the 30s - 50s assumed that you would
             | have to build up on-orbit Earth infrastructure before the
             | moon could be sustainably reached, meaning you could go
             | back whenever just because. That is, you need stable
             | communication, transit hubs, refueling, space-based
             | construction went the thinking. Both the US and the Soviets
             | took big, expensive shortcuts in the Space Race but I find
             | it hard to believe that the original analysis -- space is
             | only as reachable as its infrastructure allows -- hasn't
             | been showed true in the last 50 years.
        
             | wilsonnb3 wrote:
             | And there's not much there aside from rocks
        
         | avz wrote:
         | > Why has no human stepped foot on the moon for 50+ years?
         | 
         | Technically, this is not true. Unfortunately, it will be true
         | in a few weeks.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_17
        
           | fouronnes3 wrote:
           | And you can watch live as it happened exactly 50 years ago!
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/apollo_50th?lang=en
           | 
           | https://apolloinrealtime.org/17/
        
       | mikro2nd wrote:
        
         | throwaway894345 wrote:
         | > real units instead of frankenunits
         | 
         | Imagine commenting on an _American_ media piece targeting an
         | _American_ audience about an _American_ space agency launching
         | an _American_ spacecraft and complaining that the article uses
         | _American_ units. Wild.
        
         | coliveira wrote:
         | The American public doesn't understand the metric system.
         | That's why they publish information in strange units like
         | Miles.
        
           | rhino369 wrote:
           | I love this argument. Americans are dumb because they can't
           | understand metric!
           | 
           | Why is metric better?
           | 
           | It's easier to understand, of course!
           | 
           | American's don't have a very intuitive understanding of
           | metric because we don't use it. But every numerical literate
           | American understands how to apply the metric system since
           | that is all that is taught in schools (so much so engineer
           | school grads are often unfamiliar with units actually used in
           | US engineering).
           | 
           | We all know 130 KM is 130,000 meters, but we don't think in
           | KM or M.
        
           | edgyquant wrote:
           | That's a blatant lie with an air of European "superiority."
           | Yea we do, every one of us learned it in our school math and
           | science classes.
           | 
           | It's arbitrary to convert between any two mathematical units
           | in general (it's one of the main exercises in junior high
           | math.) Any discussion of Americans "just not getting it" or
           | "doing it wrong" is a cope from societies who have done far
           | less in the past century in terms of scientific and
           | technological progress.
        
             | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
             | You realize that a large proportion of Americans are
             | effectively innumerate. Unit conversions are beyond their
             | ken.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | Again, every American does this in 6th grade. It's
               | required to pass high school which a majority of
               | Americans do. This is a cope from less economically and
               | technologically sophisticated societies who can't compete
               | with us.
        
               | BenjiWiebe wrote:
               | I learned it in school, as did my class mates. I held
               | onto it as I am technically minded and I appreciate the
               | simplicity of metric. My class mates do not all agree
               | that remembering metric conversions is useful.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | > It's required to pass high school which a majority of
               | Americans do.
               | 
               | Many schools lie about the scholastic ability of their
               | graduates.
        
               | FredPret wrote:
               | Getting your ass handed to you economically, culturally,
               | etc by the "innumerate" must really hurt. I guess I can
               | see the reason for the sour grapes
        
           | ch4s3 wrote:
           | Many if not most Americans have some concept of kilometers
           | and meters, especially anyone who runs, or is involved in
           | sports outside of the big 3 American sports. We just tend to
           | prefer the imperial, as we grow up using and interacting with
           | it. Inches and feet are just easy to reason about in physical
           | space on a human scale, they're great when you aren't trying
           | to do more complicated math.
        
             | coliveira wrote:
             | > Inches and feet are just easy to reason about in physical
             | space on a human scale
             | 
             | Nah, everyone else in the world measures physical space in
             | metric units without any problem.
        
               | ch4s3 wrote:
               | Thank you, I really appreciate this constructive
               | feedback.
               | 
               | I obviously get the metric system, and most Americans are
               | pretty familiar. But inches and feet are rooted in
               | physicality. An inch is roughly a finger width, four
               | inches make the (now rarely used measure) hand, and 3
               | hands is a foot. You can step off roughly accurate feet.
               | I long stride is about 6 feet, or 2 yards. All of these
               | measures divide neatly by 2, 3, and 4. It makes most
               | fractional measures, especially things like 1/16th of an
               | inch easy to work with. I wouldn't use it for science,
               | but for building a table or measuring a rough distance
               | imperial units are super intuitive.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | BitwiseFool wrote:
         | You actually want them to use metric? Okay, comrade. /s
         | 
         | Edit: I'm being sarcastic and mocking anti-metrication...
        
         | adql wrote:
         | Just be fucking happy they are not using football fields or
         | multiples of some tall building length as unit.
         | 
         | The worst I saw was some cook telling the amount of pepper in
         | recipe in _cranks of pepper grinder_.
        
           | BitwiseFool wrote:
           | To play devils advocate, most cooking does not require the
           | kind of precision that warrants getting out a small scale to
           | measure the weight of crushed peppercorns. Not just because
           | these things are season-to-taste, but also, because the
           | average person cooking a meal can instantly translate cranks
           | of pepper compared to a small unit of weight. Most home
           | recipes also measure ingredients by volume rather than
           | weight, so I can understand this.
        
             | skykooler wrote:
             | I agree. And it's far faster to measure something by
             | scooping it via measure spoons than to try and match a
             | desired weight on a scale.
        
           | zikduruqe wrote:
           | Or Smoots.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoot
           | 
           | You have: 81 miles You want: smoots * 76599.403 /
           | 1.3054932e-05
        
         | mradek wrote:
         | Because it's NASA and the primary audience is American tax
         | payers who funded this.
        
         | thebigman433 wrote:
         | > Why won't the press report in real units instead of
         | frankenunits
         | 
         | Probably because its an American focused news site, reporting
         | to American people, who use and will understand miles as a
         | measurement. It really isnt hard to understand.
        
           | widowlark wrote:
           | Not to mention it's an American space program and an American
           | mission. It should probably be understandable to Americans.
        
             | PointyFluff wrote:
             | We use metric in the "American Space Program".
             | 
             | I cannot think of an engineering or scientific endeavor in
             | the US that DOESN'T use the metric system.
             | 
             | The US is officially, metric; ansi converts back for the
             | uneducated.
             | 
             | Here's a colorful video: https://youtu.be/SmSJXC6_qQ8?t=63
             | 
             | Here's boring government text:
             | https://www.nist.gov/pml/owm/si-units-mass
        
               | rsj_hn wrote:
               | > The US is officially, metric; ansi converts back for
               | the uneducated.
               | 
               | This is the type of flamebait we don't need.
        
               | widowlark wrote:
               | The American Public doesnt use metric. Thats why the
               | article is written with miles.
        
       | geuis wrote:
       | One issue that I really don't understand is why the onboard
       | cameras are so bad and are badly positioned.
       | 
       | A huge part of this program is to generate buzz and interest in
       | the public about the human space program. A large part of that is
       | pretty pictures, to be honest.
       | 
       | The onboard video quality looks like 720p at best and the
       | exposure is for the Orion vehicle, not Earth or the moon. And the
       | video seems horizontally distorted.
       | 
       | I'd have to look, but I'm guessing this is an engineering camera
       | meant to primarily view the physical state of the craft.
       | 
       | That being said, after billions of dollars to get this thing into
       | space, they should have accounted for the need and benefits of
       | better footage.
        
         | witx wrote:
         | Never worked on this domain, so I might be wrong, but what I've
         | heard is that usually for space stuff the hardware is chosen
         | well in advance and "locked". So even if a new shinny thing is
         | out probably it won't make it into the project
        
           | nradov wrote:
           | We had high-quality cameras used on the Space Shuttle and
           | International Space Station for years before the Orion design
           | was locked.
        
             | lokimedes wrote:
             | They were both basically still within Earth's biosphere
             | when it comes to camera destroying ionization.
             | 
             | The Van Alan Belts are the first problem:
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Allen_radiation_belt
             | and from there it gets pretty bad on out.
             | 
             | Space is hard, in the learning-loop sense. 99.999% of all
             | in-space experience has taken place less than 5000km from
             | Earth.
        
           | tintor wrote:
           | Quality digital cameras existed for more than 10 years.
        
         | Fatnino wrote:
         | https://twitter.com/DJSnM/status/1594719135249973249
         | 
         | Actual gopros
        
         | thesausageking wrote:
         | While the mission is going on, they first send down low-res
         | versions that are optimized for mission operations. That's why
         | the exposure is for the vehicle and not the moon.
         | 
         | Higher res ones that are focused on the moon will come later.
        
           | geuis wrote:
           | Thanks, that's an excellent point I forgot to consider.
        
         | peawee wrote:
         | Probably because they want cameras they know will work and
         | survive in a deep-space environment. Space is _hard_. Once you
         | get out of the atmosphere and magnetosphere, it 's an unkind
         | environment for electronics. They're probably going to spend
         | the money, effort, and mass on some nice cameras for manned
         | missions, but these are little cameras that mount to the ends
         | of the solar arrays.
        
           | cuSetanta wrote:
           | It is also probably a data rate issue. They will have higher
           | priority data coming back from the spacecraft, especially for
           | a first iteration, and in the early stages of the mission.
           | 
           | It is quite possible that once things have stabilised that
           | the video and pictures being sent back will improve. For the
           | ispace lander we take much lower resolution images throughout
           | the mission until we have landed and have the high gain
           | antenna in a stable connection.
        
         | runarberg wrote:
         | > A huge part of this program is to generate buzz and interest
         | in the public about the human space program.
         | 
         | Perhaps this is an impossible task. Humans don't care about
         | space explorers. We continue to have fun with sci-fi, but when
         | we actual humans going to space in real life, it turns out they
         | are just rich ass-holes that we all commonly hate.
         | 
         | Compare this with actual useful robotic missions like the James
         | Webb Space telescope, which sparked huge interests and a ton of
         | excitement.
         | 
         | I think the era of human space exploration died in the 1970s,
         | and any effort to try to revive it are futile.
        
           | trap_goes_hot wrote:
           | As per the below poll, some people do care, but yes not the
           | overwhelming majority.
           | 
           | https://morningconsult.com/2021/02/25/space-force-travel-
           | exp...
        
             | runarberg wrote:
             | Weird interpretations from these results to say the least.
             | "Space Dominance" is nowhere mentioned except in the
             | headline, yet the headline claims that's what people want
             | (!)
             | 
             | Seeing the results though I see that human space
             | exploration is in the lower tier, just like my previous
             | post was suggesting. More people would rather prioritize
             | normal robotic missions as it seems. More people seem to
             | put some importance to _Conducting research to understand
             | space_ then don't. This is reverse (i.e. more people don't
             | think it important to) _Research space travels health
             | effect_.
        
           | counttheforks wrote:
           | > when we actual humans going to space in real life, it turns
           | out they are just rich ass-holes that we all commonly hate.
           | 
           | Like who? Don't think I've met anyone who hates astronauts
           | nearly as much as you seem to?
        
             | runarberg wrote:
             | Search for Jeff Bezos space flight, look at news
             | discussions and social media posts, and you will find more
             | haters.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Billionaires flying into space is the minority compared
               | to scientists and astronauts.
        
               | dvzk wrote:
               | Astronauts have spent >736,000 hours in spaceflight,
               | risking their lives for humanity, but the parent believes
               | a 10-minute stunt flight carrying an irrelevant passenger
               | is all that matters. I suppose they also dislike the
               | imaginary adorers, and yet they are no different.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | gibolt wrote:
           | Very few people who have gone to orbit (actual space) were
           | anywhere near 'rich'.
           | 
           | The reason rich people are the ones _funding_ current space
           | companies is because they are literally the only ones that
           | can do it, other than the largest governments.
           | 
           | SpaceX has generated more buzz than recent NASA work (except
           | maybe Webb) and that will continue once Starship begins
           | ferrying passengers into space.
        
             | runarberg wrote:
             | The high profile cases of recent human space travel is the
             | Blue Horizon which generated a ton of buzz, mostly from
             | people complaining (justly) about how out of touch these
             | people are. I think the sentiment of human space travel
             | extends from there. People cringe from seeing Jeff Bezos
             | spill his champagne after landing and then if they hear
             | about some people going to the ISS they ask: "whats the
             | point?" I think this is a just question and a logical
             | extensions.
             | 
             | Now for the excitement around SpaceX. There was also a ton
             | of buzz around Perseverance. And think people were also
             | quite excited--though not as much--about the Parker solar
             | probe. For future missions I think more people are excited
             | about getting back mars samples from Percy the rover, and
             | about a hypothetical mission to use gravitational lensing
             | from the Sun to photograph surfaces of exo-planets. The
             | hype around Starship seems to me to be inflated by
             | marketing, when talking to space nerds around me there
             | isn't really that much excitement about what we can achieve
             | with a SpaceX Starship that we can't with a regular old
             | robotic state funded mission.
        
               | ericd wrote:
               | Maybe you're talking to the wrong space nerds? I, for
               | one, am extremely excited for Starship being able to lift
               | relatively huge amounts of mass to orbit per dollar.
        
               | MichaelCollins wrote:
               | > > _Very few people who have gone to orbit (actual
               | space) were anywhere near 'rich'._
               | 
               | > _Blue Horizon[sic] ... Bezos_
               | 
               | Blue _Origin_ has never been to orbit. It 's a glorified
               | carnival ride and nobody who knows anything about space
               | or rocketry could mistake it for anything else. Among
               | rocket fans, these 21st century suborbital launches are a
               | laughing stock. Even the 20th century suborbital Mercury-
               | Redstone launches were arguably a pathetic response to
               | Yuri Gagarin's pioneering orbital flight.
               | 
               | No household-name rich person has ever been to orbit.
        
               | fsagx wrote:
               | Lance Bass almost made it!
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lance_Bass#:~:text=Bass%20w
               | as%....
        
           | dev_tty01 wrote:
           | I think you are overusing the term "we."
        
         | Gordonjcp wrote:
         | How do you plan on getting higher resolution live video back
         | from a moving spacecraft in orbit around the Moon?
        
         | trap_goes_hot wrote:
         | Somehow, I don't think pretty pictures are going to sway public
         | opinion all that much. Maybe its a generational thing?
         | 
         | From what I found online after a quick search:
         | 
         | https://morningconsult.com/2021/02/25/space-force-travel-exp...
        
           | FredPret wrote:
           | 720p pictures aren't swaying public opinion no.
           | 
           | But an 8k multi-cam livestream of the whole thing would have
           | had people glued to their screens.
        
             | Rebelgecko wrote:
             | Would it? I don't personally know anyone who has an 8k
             | display, and I don't know that many people who knew about
             | the SLS launch attempt last week until after it happened
        
               | geuis wrote:
               | I'll admit up front it isn't the same thing, but go back
               | and watch the video of Musk's car floating in orbit after
               | the Falcon Heavy first launch. It's still impressive as
               | hell to rewatch because its well lit and high quality
        
           | somenameforme wrote:
           | The pink elephant here is that you have to try to be
           | impressed by things like this. And try somewhat hard. It's a
           | low quality picture of the Moon, the same body we had
           | astronauts walking on and live-streaming footage from
           | literally more than half a century ago. If we were coming
           | from a background of zero, this would be amazing. But as we
           | aren't it's really kind of a sad reminder that technological
           | progress, or even stability, is not a given.
           | 
           | By contrast when one watches the Falcon Heavy land [1], it's
           | enough to give you goosebumps. I've shown that video to quite
           | a lot of people outside the space world, and the most common
           | response has been "Is that real!?" Even look at the YouTube
           | comments and it's suddenly enough to even turn the internet
           | into a domain of hope and aspiration. The problem is almost
           | nobody knows about that, let alone the major ongoing progress
           | since, or the implications of things like Starship.
           | 
           | So I think, without much to be truly inspired by, people are
           | (perhaps subconsciously) simply discounting the possibility
           | of space going anywhere during their lifetimes. If Starship
           | achieves even a fraction of its potential, I would expect
           | views to change. Because that genuinely does create the
           | possibility of an exciting sci-fi style future, as opposed to
           | just trying to recreate the 60s.
           | 
           | [1] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbSwFU6tY1c
        
             | trap_goes_hot wrote:
             | You're describing marketing, and marketing of an idea is
             | important - I agree.
             | 
             | However, you also need to have a population that cares
             | about science, engineering, exploration, etc. I don't
             | believe what gets people into engineering and science is
             | because of how engineering and science are marketed. It
             | certainly doesn't harm anything by marketing it, my opinion
             | is that it is a small component of the overall picture.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | >I don't think pretty pictures are going to sway public
           | opinion all that much.
           | 
           | James Webb Space Telescope?
           | 
           | Personally, I'm not impressed by SLS or Orion, but that's
           | because the whole project is pork and bull and not worth the
           | money, time, and other irreplacable resources spent.
        
       | actionfromafar wrote:
       | Is it just me who can't muster any enthusiasm over it because the
       | rocket is so wasteful? Not very Tintin to trash the entire
       | booster and everything for every launch.
        
         | 0xf00ff00f wrote:
         | The rocket equation is unforgiving.
        
           | LeifCarrotson wrote:
           | In fact, it's less wasteful in terms of absolute mass to
           | trash the rocket.
           | 
           | Carrying fuel, parachutes, etc. to booster separation that
           | you don't use to boost the rocket, or worse, carrying fuel,
           | heat shields, aerodynamic surfaces, etc. to LEO for re-entry
           | in addition to your payload, are wasteful. Non-critical mass
           | to lunar orbit is even more extravagant.
           | 
           | When your rocket engine is constructed by the the best TIG
           | welders you can find carefully fitting Inconel parts
           | together, or your tanks made by composite experts hand-laying
           | carbon fiber in cleanrooms, yeah, it feels a waste to see
           | that work crash and burn (or, I suppose, the other way around
           | - first the burn, then the crash).
           | 
           | If your booster is as disposable as a paper cup, with new
           | ones flying off the assembly line faster than you could hope
           | to rework anything, perhaps either the materials or the fuel
           | are wasted but not so much work is wasted.
        
             | chriswarbo wrote:
             | > When your rocket engine is constructed by the the best
             | TIG welders you can find carefully fitting Inconel parts
             | together... it feels a waste to see that work crash and
             | burn
             | 
             | Note that the rocket engines used by SLS (RS-25, and to a
             | lesser extent the solid rocket boosters) were explicitly
             | designed for reuse, as part of the Space Shuttle program;
             | all the way back in the 1970s.
             | 
             | The four RS-25 engines that Artemis 1 dumped in the ocean
             | had previously flown on Space Shuttles. IIRC they first
             | flew in 1999 (although Shuttles only used 3 engines).
             | 
             | > If your booster is as disposable as a paper cup, with new
             | ones flying off the assembly line faster than you could
             | hope to rework anything, perhaps either the materials or
             | the fuel are wasted but not so much work is wasted.
             | 
             | Also note that the _marginal cost_ of an SLS launch is 4.5
             | billion dollars. That doesn 't include all the one-off
             | costs, like R&D; certification; restarting production
             | lines; etc. Famously, it cost over a billion dollars to
             | restart the RS-25 production line (so they can replace
             | those engines being dumped in the ocean); despite claiming
             | that the use of existing tech would save money!
             | 
             | In fact, refurbishing & upgrading those existing Shuttle
             | engines cost _more_ than producing brand-new RS-25s. Again,
             | it was claimed that reusing the existing Shuttle engines
             | would save money...
             | 
             | Despite the cost of these assembly lines, SLS rockets
             | aren't "flying off" them. The (few) scheduled Artemis
             | launches are separated by _years_.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | > Also note that the marginal cost of an SLS launch is
               | 4.5 billion dollars.
               | 
               | Citation desperately needed.
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | When what you're really selling is a jobs program for
               | your constituents, perhaps consuming these rocket engines
               | for each launch is not wasteful but good business!
        
           | bryanlarsen wrote:
           | The rocket equation is far more forgiving to big rockets than
           | small ones, and this is the biggest one yet.
        
             | PointyFluff wrote:
             | Honestly, I think it's just silly that we are still trying
             | to make these things on the ground.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | Yeah why don't we just place an order at the first
               | available orbital facto...oh no such thing exists. Well
               | we can order some aluminum from an asteroid mining
               | smelt...oh that doesn't exist. Well I'm sure the useful
               | payload entirely built in orbit is...oh.
               | 
               | There's no infrastructure in space to do anything. Even
               | if you built a rocket in orbit that doesn't do you any
               | good if the payload in sitting on a pad on the ground.
        
               | Vecr wrote:
               | In my opinion the ground is the best place to make them.
               | It's much harder to do independent inspections of the
               | work when you have to fly the expert who wants to look at
               | the assembly into space and train them how to do EVAs.
        
         | cpcallen wrote:
         | You are getting a lot of downvotes, but I agree with you. It's
         | true that the rocket equation is unforgiving, and it's not
         | surprising that our early ventures into space all involved a
         | lot of disposable hardware. But SpaceX has definitively
         | demonstrated that reusable first stage boosters are viable from
         | both a physics and economics point of view, and there is little
         | that they will soon succeed in demonstrating the same for a
         | fully-reusable orbital launch system.
         | 
         | In contrast, SLS is predicated on taking actual engines (and
         | boosters) from the Space Shuttle program--ones which were once
         | at the very forefront of reusable spacecraft technology--and
         | trashing them. Sure: reusing the Shuttle and its boosters
         | turned out to be much (much) less economically advantageous
         | than hoped, and it is great that NASA eventually retired it.
         | But the remaining Shuttle hardware is a monument to the
         | engineering talent and production effort that produced the most
         | sophisticated spacecraft ever flown, and to take the surviving
         | engines, each of which has flown on multiple shuttle flights
         | and _intentionally_ send them to a watery grave in the Pacific
         | (Atlantic, for the booster segments) is a total travesty, and a
         | shameful destruction of historic artefacts.
         | 
         | Indeed, the whole program is a boondoggle. SLS is based on the
         | Shuttle hardware not for compelling engineering reasons so much
         | as because it keeps the contractors that built the shuttle in
         | business, and that keeps money flowing into the campaign funds
         | of the politicians in Washington. Its exploration goals are
         | laudable, but the approach taken has been fundamentally an
         | exercise in job creation and military R&D subsidy before all
         | else.
        
         | jcims wrote:
         | Think of what it represents in the long term vs what it
         | represents in the instance. The Saturn V operated the same way.
        
           | RetpolineDrama wrote:
           | >long term vs what it represents in the instance.
           | 
           | I did, and that's why I couldn't care less. SLS is
           | abandonware. Starship makes it completely irrelevant
        
             | jcims wrote:
             | SLS created a mission context in which Starship could
             | become economically viable much sooner than it would have
             | on its own.
        
             | jeffdn wrote:
             | SLS has just put a capsule into orbit around the moon,
             | however, while Starship has yet to embark on its first
             | orbit of the Earth, with no date in sight. Additionally,
             | pinning the entirety of the American space program on a
             | single private company seems like a recipe for disaster.
        
               | onepointsixC wrote:
               | SLS put a capsule into orbit for an absolutely princely
               | sum of $4.1 billion _per launch_. That 's after the over
               | $20 billion program cost. All using technology largely
               | designed in the 70's. But at least those the designs of
               | the 70's were meant for reuse were as SLS is completely
               | disposable. The entire program makes the space shuttle
               | seem like a bargain. Now that's an accomplishment.
               | 
               | > Additionally, pinning the entirety of the American
               | space program on a single private company seems like a
               | recipe for disaster.
               | 
               | That's exactly what happened here. America pinned the
               | entire project on Boeing Space. With disastrous results.
        
         | dev_tty01 wrote:
         | There is no reusable rocket available with 8.8 million pounds
         | of thrust. And there certainly wasn't anything available when
         | SLS was started. Falcon Heavy is about half the thrust of SLS.
         | I agree that reusable would be much better, but reusability is
         | a relatively recent innovation by SpaceX. SLS will get there.
         | SpaceX is forcing everyone to up their game. In the meantime,
         | no need to condemn them for not getting there yet during these
         | transition years.
        
         | robertlagrant wrote:
         | > Is it just me who can't muster any enthusiasm over it because
         | the rocket is so wasteful? Not very Tintin to trash the entire
         | booster and everything for every launch.
         | 
         | If your instincts come from how SpaceX have done it, then I can
         | imagine it feels extremely wasteful. But SpaceX needs to try
         | and turn a profit, so they have a different set of incentives
         | to NASA.
        
           | onepointsixC wrote:
           | The space shuttle was too costly of a program to continue. So
           | in it's place a disposable rocket was developed that costed
           | some $20 billion to develop in spite of largely reusing
           | technology from the space shuttle while costing $4 Billion
           | per launch, twice the launch cost of the space shuttle. All
           | while being extremely late. It is by every sense of the word
           | wasteful and dissapointing.
        
           | kwhitefoot wrote:
           | > SpaceX needs to try and turn a profit, so they have a
           | different set of incentives to NASA.
           | 
           | How so? Surely if NASA can do something cheaper it should
           | have more money to do other things or find it easier to get
           | money for more things?
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | It doesn't _necessarily_ work like that. SLS is expensive
             | in part because it scatters jobs around to various
             | important Senators and Representatives ' districts. It's in
             | part a jobs program.
        
               | tracerbulletx wrote:
               | More importantly it's a capability program. People and
               | organizations who can build rockets, execute space
               | missions, and have regular work doing so is necessary if
               | you want to maintain the institutional knowledge and
               | manufacturing capacity to do so.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | And high-end manufacturing capability is very important
               | to have domestically from a defense perspective.
               | 
               | I recall some NPR story recently about war games the US
               | runs about a hypothetical war with China -- it was said
               | that the US loses most of the time in these simulations.
               | Why? A lack of industrial capability.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | That was a good argument in 2009 but it's a bad argument
               | now. There are currently over 100 rocket companies in the
               | US. Having those people work on dead end technologies
               | like SLS rather than forward looking technologies like
               | Starship or RocketLab Neutron or Relativity Terran R or
               | Blue Origin New Glenn etc hurts rather than helps.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | > There are currently over 100 rocket companies in the
               | US.
               | 
               | Zero of which are currently capable of putting a human
               | around the Moon.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | Many of which would be capable of doing so if they got a
               | fraction of the $40B that SLS got.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | SLS is incapable of doing so too.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Sorry, meant to say Moon.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Jobs, I think, is part of it but not the whole story.
               | 
               | Imagine if NASA was solely located in Alabama where von
               | Braun set up shop. I think it would have been defunded in
               | short order and there would be no NASA and, by extension,
               | no SpaceX (since they are so reliant on govt contracts)
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | That's the same story, isn't it? You'd only have two
               | senators and a handful of reps really caring about
               | maintaining NASA jobs.
               | 
               | Put JPL in California, mission control in Texas, launches
               | in Florida, and a bunch of manufacturing at Boeing and
               | you've got a much, much wider Congressional support base.
               | 
               | Look at https://www.nasa.gov/specials/ESDSuppliersMap/ -
               | they've even managed to spread suppliers around to
               | Alaska, Montana, and Hawaii. Every single state has at
               | least some jobs that depend on SLS.
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Yes, I just think calling it a "jobs program" misses some
               | of the nuance. You could ostensibly have the same number
               | of jobs but much more political risk by concentrating
               | them in one geographic area.
               | 
               | The political risk is the more salient point to me, and
               | jobs is just a way to mitigate it. (You could also, for
               | example, mitigate it with less productive means like
               | lobbying)
               | 
               | (Suppliers is a different story. A lot of time NASA is
               | handcuffed by which suppliers actually want work with
               | them. There's a lot of hoops to jump through and many
               | suppliers just don't find it worth the hassle)
        
               | Rebelgecko wrote:
               | Thanks for sharing the map, that's pretty interesting. I
               | wonder what NASA or their contractors got from Lowe's
               | Home Improvement?
               | 
               | Is there any infrastructure there for the mission? My
               | cynical side wonders if someone flew to Honolulu, went to
               | a hardware store to pick up some JB Weld, and flew it
               | back to Florida just so they could check off Hawaii on
               | the list of states.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | It's important to note that being listed as a "supplier"
               | doesn't mean NASA has actually purchased anything. A lot
               | of times, it's preemptive as a way of ensuring all the
               | quality checks have been put in place so an PO can just
               | be issued when needed without the delay.*
               | 
               | It also doesn't mean they want spaceflight material. It
               | can just be something needed to support the project, like
               | shelving to hold extra parts. But it the charge code is
               | traceable to the program, it makes the list.
               | 
               | * this is also why SpaceX can do things cheaper. They
               | don't have the same quality requirements so they can
               | streamline their processes. Sometimes that's good,
               | sometimes not: https://parabolicarc.com/2016/06/28/nasa-
               | investigation-space...
        
             | giantrobot wrote:
             | NASA is optimizing for different capabilities than SpaceX.
             | With SpaceX's Starship every launch will require them
             | leaving fuel for landing. Every gram of fuel you don't burn
             | is less velocity you impart on your vehicle.
             | 
             | To get to the Moon a Starship will require _two_ launches.
             | A manned vehicle and a fuel tanker. They have to dock in
             | Earth orbit, refuel, then the manned vehicle transfers to a
             | Lunar injection orbit. It 's very likely a Starship will
             | need a tanker waiting on the Moon to refuel a lander for
             | the return trip and landing back on Earth.
             | 
             | Starship hasn't even flown let alone demonstrated in-orbit
             | refueling. SpaceX hasn't even demonstrated that in the
             | small scale with Dragon capsules. It's a hard problem with
             | a lot of unknowns.
             | 
             | SLS can launch the manned element directly into a Lunar
             | injection orbit. It doesn't require any refueling to get
             | anywhere. It also doesn't need a fuel tank at the
             | destination to allow a lander to return home.
             | 
             | In order to do that the launch stages don't save any fuel
             | for landing. It's "more expensive" to use expendable stages
             | but all of their energy is used for their payload and none
             | is saved for landing (and landing safety margin). Overall
             | SLS is mass optimized rather than cost optimized.
             | 
             | The NASA way involves a lot fewer moving parts and
             | <unproven technology goes here>.
        
               | bryanlarsen wrote:
               | Starship has twice the thrust of SLS. It could do
               | everything SLS or Saturn 5 can. It just chooses not to
               | because it chooses to be fully reusable. If you stuck a
               | third stage, Orion and an Apollo CM style lander on top
               | of Starship you could do everything in a single launch
               | Saturn 5 style. That's something SLS can't do because
               | Orion is much heavier than Apollo was. But Starship
               | could. It'd have to run expendable.
               | 
               | The difference is that Starship is getting $3B from NASA
               | vs the $40B that SLS got. NASA could get a single launch
               | moon mission using Starship, but they'd have to pay
               | SpaceX more than $3B to get it.
               | 
               | > SLS can launch the manned element directly into a Lunar
               | injection orbit. It doesn't require any refueling to get
               | anywhere. It also doesn't need a fuel tank at the
               | destination to allow a lander to return home.
               | 
               | SLS doesn't carry the lander nor the fuel for the lander.
               | So yes, it does need something else to get the lander's
               | fuel to the destination.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > How so?
             | 
             | The profit motive is a powerful and universal incentive.
             | 
             | People are careless when spending Other Peoples' Money.
        
             | bumby wrote:
             | NASA is not designed to do it cheaper. It is designed to
             | _reduce political risk_ so that programs like CCP can
             | continue to be funded by tax dollars.
             | 
             | Look at where the major NASA centers are compared to
             | politically important states. That reduces political risk
             | but also increases inefficiency.
             | 
             | SpaceX and NASA have different, but symbiotic, goals.
        
             | thebigman433 wrote:
             | Reuse isnt always cheaper. If you arent flying a bunch of
             | missions, it can actually be more expensive.
             | 
             | SLS could absolutely be cheaper, but reuse isnt really part
             | of that equation.
        
         | ProAm wrote:
         | Human spaceflight is wasteful, but were still going to spend
         | money on it.
        
           | twawaaay wrote:
           | I would like to point out that if United States won't do it
           | then other countries and large companies will take the lead.
           | And in fact they are already doing it. And while it might not
           | be bringing a lot of tangible returns for US citizens right
           | now, it is projected to overtake practically every single
           | other industry including electronics at some point in the
           | future.
           | 
           | Even without returns, it is simple matter of security. With
           | another country like China taking absolute control over space
           | US would be quickly incapable to take care of its interest
           | here on Earth. Just imagine China deciding to incapacitate
           | all US satellites and US having no way to respond to it.
           | 
           | So it is same old weapons race, it is just trying to score
           | some extra side quests a bit outside of the main quest.
           | Haven't you ever tried to do side quests to get some extra
           | exp to help you with main quest line?
        
             | adql wrote:
             | > it is projected to overtake practically every single
             | other industry including electronics at some point in the
             | future.
             | 
             | projected by who and how many % of his guesses turned out
             | to be right ?
        
               | kibwen wrote:
               | Presumably because somebody pointed to an asteroid
               | somewhere and calculated that it contains a volume of
               | platinum/gold/unobtanium that would be worth a hundred
               | zillion kajillion trillion dollars, without taking into
               | account that if you actually brought that much of a given
               | precious metal into the market the price would crash to
               | zero and we'd all be drinking Coke out of disposable
               | platinum cans.
        
               | cwillu wrote:
               | On the one hand, this is technically true. On the other,
               | this is effectively because the gains to such a large
               | windfall cannot be captured by a single entity: Aluminium
               | becoming so cheap as to become a nearly disposable
               | material is a massively _good_ thing.
               | 
               | It's not inconceivable that having platinum become
               | plentiful might also be such a boon.
        
               | kibwen wrote:
               | Sure, but using aluminum as an example, if we take the
               | modern production of aluminum (as a proxy for underlying
               | demand) and multiply by the price of aluminum in the
               | 1800s (when it was so incredibly precious that it was
               | chosen to cap the Washington Monument), we would expect
               | the modern aluminum industry to have revenues of around
               | $100 trillion, or about 1000x what it actually has. The
               | point is just that one cannot assume a resource
               | extraction industry's future profitability without taking
               | into consideration how increased supply will also lower
               | the price of the product.
        
               | ROTMetro wrote:
               | Isn't that the goal? If we can get rid of scarcity in
               | materials and energy then everyone's living standards can
               | go up. If we can move metal smelting off world, pollution
               | goes down at the same time. Am I ignorant to think that
               | would be a big positive for human kind?
        
               | kibwen wrote:
               | I'm not saying it's not a potential positive for society,
               | rather I'm saying that the economic calculations shown so
               | far are exceedingly simplistic and merely extrapolate
               | from the current market price of these metals, so we
               | cannot use these numbers to conclude that this will be
               | the most profitable endeavor in human history.
        
               | giantrobot wrote:
               | It will costs trillions to bootstrap that industry in
               | space. It would cost mere billions to make that industry
               | on Earth cleaner. The Earth is fucking gigantic. It's
               | literally filled with raw materials. Access to those
               | materials is downright cheap compared to attempting to
               | access the same material in space.
        
             | anovikov wrote:
             | But it has nothing to do with manned spaceflight. U.S. is
             | beyond doubt the space power #1 today, and it has nothing
             | to do with manned flights.
        
               | twawaaay wrote:
               | Experience shows that the path to being #1 is usually to
               | some extent doing a lot of stuff around the topic,
               | throwing a lot of darts at the board and seeing what
               | sticks.
        
               | ROTMetro wrote:
               | I'd argue that the goals of manned space flight and
               | meeting those goals are what put the USA on the path to
               | be #1, so it seems to be to have something to do with
               | manned flights.
        
           | jamesgreenleaf wrote:
           | Short-term wasteful, long-term critical.
        
             | barbazoo wrote:
             | Critical in which way in your opinion?
        
               | jamesgreenleaf wrote:
               | It's critical that intelligent life on Earth learns to
               | adapt and survive in the greater universe. Staying on
               | this one planet is a virtual guarantee of extinction in
               | the long-term.
        
               | evanlivingston wrote:
               | Why is it critical that intelligent life on earth
               | survives?
        
               | trap_goes_hot wrote:
               | I agree - 'critical' is sorta meaningless in this
               | context. But the general response is - because organisms
               | adapt for their own survival and our genes are selfish.
        
               | OkayPhysicist wrote:
               | That's easy: because literally everything else is
               | contingent on it. Either we survive and flourish allowing
               | any of our other actions to matter, or we doom ourselves
               | to extinction, in which case literally nothing we do
               | matters.
        
               | idlewords wrote:
               | We're already all individually doomed to extinction, yet
               | this doesn't prevent most of us from finding meaning in
               | our lives. And in the long run, any civilization, no
               | matter how flourishing, is doomed. Conditioning whether
               | anything we do matters on the existence of an infinite
               | chain of future progeny is a losing game.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | Critical for the species on the universal timescale
               | maybe, humans as we know them have been fine without it
               | for ~300,000 years. Horseshoe crabs have been around for
               | over 400 million years.
               | 
               | We might be better off spending the next couple hundred
               | years focusing on making sure we don't destroy our own
               | home before trying to move on to the next (or at least
               | more comprehensive threat detection). There's a very good
               | chance we'll off ourselves before we have to start
               | worrying about anything at even a solar system scale, let
               | alone galaxy or universe.
        
               | jamesgreenleaf wrote:
               | That's another good problem to solve. Humanity is large
               | enough that we don't have to work on only one thing at a
               | time.
        
               | spaceman0997 wrote:
               | > There's a very good chance we'll off ourselves before
               | we have to start worrying about anything at even a solar
               | system scale, let alone galaxy or universe.
               | 
               | That's precisely the reason why we will be better off by
               | investing into space exploration now.
        
               | micromacrofoot wrote:
               | I see the logic but don't agree.
               | 
               | Even if Mars or another planet were to survive the
               | destruction of Earth, a stand-alone colony or space
               | station would be doomed. At best I think we're at least
               | 100 years off for any long-term self-sustained space
               | colony... and it's quite possible we'll be sidetracked
               | significantly if the climate causes widespread migration
               | and famine as expected.
               | 
               | If we can't solve exponentially simpler earth-based
               | problems, then I think we have no business in expanding,
               | and would be unlikely to succeed regardless.
               | 
               | I support space exploration and development, but putting
               | more resources outward when we have so many inward
               | problems feels like a fool's errand.
               | 
               | We can work on both, but one's a much more imminent
               | danger.
        
               | spaceman0997 wrote:
               | > At best I think we're at least 100 years off for any
               | long-term self-sustained space colony
               | 
               | We think alike - but IMHO that's going to happen only if
               | we begin now. That's why we shouldn't hold off.
               | 
               | > If we can't solve exponentially simpler earth-based
               | problems, then I think we have no business in expanding,
               | and would be unlikely to succeed regardless.
               | 
               | It's not like there's a single "we" that can keep
               | attention at one thing at a time only. There are a lot of
               | great engineers _excited_ about space stuff, who don 't
               | care about ecology/whatever else at all. It makes sense
               | to use their skills and enthusiasm _while_ other
               | engineers excited about that work on solving our Earth-
               | bound problems.
               | 
               | Another point is - whatever helps us survive on Mars and
               | the Moon will help us greatly to reduce harm done to
               | Earth.
               | 
               | > Even if Mars or another planet were to survive the
               | destruction of Earth, a stand-alone colony or space
               | station would be doomed.
               | 
               | > We can work on both, but one's a much more imminent
               | danger.
               | 
               | For sure, but there are also dangers other than climate
               | change - war, asteroid impact, pandemics, rogue AI
               | takeover... It's not that either Earth gets destroyed and
               | the Martian colony will die anyways or nothing has
               | happened and we don't need the backup.
               | 
               | Perhaps there will be another pandemic and the people on
               | Earth will die off but the Martians survive. Perhaps
               | asteroid impact will make Earth uninhabitable for 10-50
               | years but no more. Etc
        
               | signatoremo wrote:
               | Your mistake is to prioritize climate change over space
               | exploration and not some other industry. Spending on
               | space exploration is tiny compared to, for example,
               | consumer electronics or entertainment. Imagine how much
               | we can save if phone lifecycle is five years instead of
               | two; or if video games playing time is reduced by half,
               | etc. So many candidates, yet you choose to target space
               | exploration, an industry that has historically been
               | responsible for so many science and technology
               | innovations.
        
               | Maursault wrote:
               | So does staying in this Universe.
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | Exposure to things humans haven't ruined is uniquely
               | inspirational.
        
               | goddtriffin wrote:
               | If we don't experiment with getting off of this rock,
               | we're dooming the lives of all known living organisms in
               | the known universe.
               | 
               | An entire universe, void of all life, that doesn't get to
               | experience itself deeply saddens me. Though that might
               | just be the fitness-function within me talking.
        
               | idlewords wrote:
               | Thinking you have to infect the universe or otherwise
               | perish is the mentality of a virus.
        
         | runarberg wrote:
         | I think you are right, but on a more abstract level. I don't
         | think it is the rocket per-se (people don't care about the
         | specifics of technology), but a lot of people are asking:
         | "whats the point".
         | 
         | We know what the point is with James Webb Space Telescope, we
         | know that the point is with each successive Mars rovers. But
         | the moon seems just so pointless. We've been there, there is
         | nothing there. We've also seen how capable robots are in space,
         | and we continue to be excited to see each generation of robots
         | outperform the previous, bringing in new and exciting
         | discoveries and confirmations. For the moon, there is nothing
         | to be excited about.
        
       | PointyFluff wrote:
       | pff...whatever.
       | 
       | I was a merely 4000 Meters from the moon's surface in KSP just
       | lasts week.
        
         | aidenn0 wrote:
         | I think if you double-check you were 4000 meters from Mun, not
         | the Moon.
        
           | Arcuru wrote:
           | They may have been playing RSS, which does have the Moon:
           | https://github.com/KSP-RO/RealSolarSystem
        
       | whoopdedo wrote:
       | The Apollo missions took only 3 days to reach lunar orbit. Why is
       | this taking longer?
        
         | api_or_ipa wrote:
         | Apollo 17 launched at 12:33am on Dec 7th 1972, and entered
         | lunar orbit at 2:47pm EST on Dec 10th, so, roughly 3.5 days.
         | 
         | Artemis I launched at 1:47am EST on Nov 16 and entered lunar
         | orbit on Nov 20th at 2:09pm ET so roughly 4.5 days. Remember
         | too that Artemis I isn't meant for a landing, instead it
         | entered a distant retrograde orbit which orbits at a
         | considerably higher distance from the surface. Spacecraft move
         | considerably slower at higher apogees, so I don't think there's
         | anything suspect about Artemis I taking a bit longer to reach
         | it's planned orbit around the Moon.
        
           | ehsankia wrote:
           | Also, maybe the original launch date a month ago was more
           | optimal? I'm sure it's hard trying to time the perfect launch
           | trajectory while also juggling weather and a bunch of other
           | variables.
        
         | hungryforcodes wrote:
         | The space race is over?
        
         | adsfqwop wrote:
         | I'm not an expert, but I think there's pretty much an infinite
         | number of ways to execute space trajectories.
         | 
         | Just looking at it visually it seems Orion is (perhaps?) taking
         | a more roundabout (slower) route, and it's also ending up at
         | the moon in a different orbital configuration than Apollo.
         | 
         | Another factor, I am sure, is cost. The faster you want to get
         | there, the more fuel you need to burn. I'm also going to guess
         | it's not a linear equation, which means the faster you want to
         | get there, the fuel requirements will increase in something
         | like an exponential proportion.
         | 
         | Therefore slower is cheaper, to a point. If you go TOO slow,
         | your astronauts will starve, or you need to bring more food and
         | provisions, which will cancel the cost savings on speed
         | reduction. So somewhere in there is going to be an optimal
         | cost/fuel/food/provision trajectory for each mission.
         | 
         | So, in summary: different mission, different parameters for
         | optimal execution.
        
           | focusedone wrote:
           | This person Kerbals.
        
         | troutwine wrote:
         | The Apollo missions varied in the time they took to reach lunar
         | orbit but it's worth considering they had limited consumables
         | to be concerned with.
        
       | spoonfeeder006 wrote:
       | I'm just imagining being one of those astronauts in 2024
        
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