[HN Gopher] How does Windows decide whether your computer has fu...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How does Windows decide whether your computer has full Internet
       access?
        
       Author : sohkamyung
       Score  : 222 points
       Date   : 2022-11-18 23:44 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (devblogs.microsoft.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (devblogs.microsoft.com)
        
       | EricE wrote:
       | Raymond! StuffIt! is still amazing code and a huge part of my
       | early computer use.
        
         | blacksmith_tb wrote:
         | But StuffIt was by Raymond Lau?
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/StuffIt#Overview
        
       | YPPH wrote:
       | Given the sheer volume of connections to the test servers,
       | wouldn't it make sense to have the content of the text file as
       | minimal as possible? Such as "1" or "OK".
        
         | parhamn wrote:
         | 21 bytes extra at 1T requests a day = 21TB/day. Probably
         | nothing?
        
           | imhoguy wrote:
           | In the bigger picture:                 curl -is
           | http://www.msftconnecttest.com/connecttest.txt | wc -c
           | 520
           | 
           | 499TB/d vs 520TB/d, would be that a significant difference?
        
           | zinekeller wrote:
           | You're correct, at global scale it's still peanuts (and of
           | course it's not a single server but redundant clusters of
           | servers).
           | 
           | I have a problem at your math though, I'm guessing with the
           | overhead and the pretend-IE headers it could be a whole
           | Ethernet packet (which can be up to 1,500TB/day, but
           | realistically it could be around 500TB).
        
             | parhamn wrote:
             | My maths fine, I was comparing it to the comment suggestion
             | of sending "1" instead of "Microsoft Connect Test" as the
             | response body. The headers should be the same.
             | 
             | But I guess you could say the content length header would
             | be 1 byte longer in the double digits length contents
             | (which it is).
        
         | throwaway22032 wrote:
         | HTTP is also pretty inefficient. I guess if you went for some
         | sort of custom protocol it could be blocked by firewalls or
         | whatever.
        
       | rightbyte wrote:
       | Why do I get the feeling Raymond is the only human at Microsoft?
       | Does he have some kind of special deal to be able to be one?
       | 
       | Writing all these cozie Windows trivia blog posts. That I like.
       | 
       | Why is he not smashed by some manager? Could everyone else do
       | this if they liked?
        
         | ryanmarr wrote:
         | This is how I feel about Jeff Barr at AWS.
        
         | gary_0 wrote:
         | On the Visual C++ side of things, STL (Stephan T Lavavej) is
         | also well-liked for working at Microsoft while being allowed to
         | sound like a human. He helps moderate the r/cpp subreddit, and
         | some other MS-ers post there too.
        
         | ch33zer wrote:
         | He's been around a long time and likely built up a lot of good
         | will. I strongly suspect that he does these blog posts as a
         | side project and is encouraged by management because they are
         | popular and people like them. It would be foolish of a manager
         | to kill something that people like.
        
           | DoctorOW wrote:
           | I'd argue Microsoft management has been perfectly fine
           | killing off things people like.
        
             | twerkmonsta wrote:
             | Genuinely curious what Microsoft products people actually
             | like? VS code might be the only one I've ever heard of.
        
               | pqs wrote:
               | ToDo
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | Windows Terminal (despite the drama with its devs) is
               | actually pretty good.
               | 
               | PowerShell is excellent as a scripting language, and has
               | deservedly been a huge influence on shells which have
               | come after it.
               | 
               | WSL is extremely frustrating because it has so many bugs
               | and gotchas, but I'd say it's pretty popular with its
               | intended audience.
        
               | zinekeller wrote:
               | > WSL is extremely frustrating because it has so many
               | bugs and gotchas, but I'd say it's pretty popular with
               | its intended audience.
               | 
               | I understand why WSL2 is now just a HyperV'd Linux, but
               | WSL1 is amazing despite its limitations. I'm honestly
               | hoping that they re-consider deploying a properly-
               | developed Unix personality again, but that ship has
               | sailed.
        
               | still_grokking wrote:
               | Not really "products". But the stuff coming out of MS
               | Research is mostly great!
               | 
               | But granted, MS Research is not M$...
        
               | agency wrote:
               | TypeScript
        
               | still_grokking wrote:
               | TS is more in the "mixed feelings" department, imho.
               | 
               | I would take Scala.js anytime instead. (If I would need
               | to do front-end ever again).
               | 
               | https://www.scala-js.org/
        
               | still_grokking wrote:
               | I've just came up with two more: Solitaire and
               | Minesweeper.
               | 
               | People love this programs so much that MS added them to
               | their dreaded Teams. Now you can have truly productive
               | meetings!
               | 
               | https://www.theverge.com/2022/11/16/23462041/microsoft-
               | teams...
        
               | gamblor956 wrote:
               | Direct X, Office (esp Word and Excel), Outlook, OneNote,
               | XBox, Surface, Visual Studio, VS Code, C#, F#, Windows 7
               | and 10, SkiFree...
        
               | barbazoo wrote:
               | Excel
        
             | ch33zer wrote:
             | I said it'd be foolish, not that they wouldn't do it :D
        
             | mariusmg wrote:
             | Clippy ?
        
               | still_grokking wrote:
               | Clippy's not dead.
               | 
               | https://www.slashgear.com/1102367/microsoft-is-reviving-
               | clip...
        
               | akiselev wrote:
               | Windows.
        
       | muppetman wrote:
       | I'd love to know how Apple decides if a Wifi network is usable or
       | not. For some reason my home network is flagged as a "Mobile"
       | network and people connected to it can't update to the latest
       | version of iOS etc.
       | 
       | Is it because I've also created a Mobile Hotspot with the same
       | SSID on a spare mobile phone I have, so my family can use their
       | iPads out and about without having to connect to a new Wifi
       | network? (i.e. I just works)
       | 
       | Is it because for some devices on my network, I DHCP them a
       | different DNS server so they get adblocking via AdGuard home?
       | 
       | Who knows. It's _so_ annoying. The fix if you want to update iOS
       | on my home network is to connect to the Wifi Network called
       | "F*kApple" which is exactly the same network as normal, but with
       | a different SSID. Because that works just fine.
       | 
       | Also, F*k Apple.
       | 
       | PS: Also F Google because trying to search this problem just
       | gives me the most infuriatingly childish "How to fix!" articles.
        
         | c0nsumer wrote:
         | DHCP option 43 is often used to indicate if a mobile network is
         | metered. (May be other ways, this is the one I'm most familiar
         | with.) I'm guessing your "spare mobile phone" is Android?
         | 
         | Apple caches a lot of info about networks it connects to. So
         | it's probably caching that it received this option and "knows"
         | that network to be metered.
         | 
         | Best solution for this is to have either more control over your
         | mobile network so it's not sending that option, or more easily,
         | name the mobile network something else from your home one.
        
           | vetinari wrote:
           | AFAIK Apple ignores the dhcp 43, 'ANDROID_METERED' option. Or
           | did they change?
           | 
           | Curiosly, Microsoft does respect it:
           | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-
           | us/openspecs/windows_protocol..., though it has to be matched
           | to 'MSFT 5.0' clients.
        
           | neurostimulant wrote:
           | Apple doesn't seem to do that, but somehow magically know if
           | the AP is an iphone without using DHCP option 43, even before
           | connecting to that AP.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | It's probably because of the hotspot with the same SSID.
         | 
         | You should be able to set wifi network priority so "home
         | network" is first but if not available it automatically goes to
         | "phone network".
        
         | neurostimulant wrote:
         | > Is it because I've also created a Mobile Hotspot with the
         | same SSID on a spare mobile phone I have
         | 
         | If that spare mobile phone is an iphone, probably yes.
        
         | sgtnoodle wrote:
         | Android uses a vendor DHCP "option 43" set to ANDROID_METERED
         | or something like that. If you Google for something like "iOS
         | set wifi to metered", it looks like there's a user accessible
         | setting.
        
       | jxramos wrote:
       | it's interesting, when I open http://www.msftncsi.com/ncsi.txt
       | directly in Chrome it triggers a Translate this Page url bar icon
       | and it prompts to translate between Hungarian and English. All
       | that's in the content of the page is `Microsoft NCSI`
        
       | loginatnine wrote:
       | Why did they change the domain after Windows 8? The domain name
       | is more verbose but it doesn't seem like a valid reason for me to
       | invest time in this. Anyone know?
        
         | Macha wrote:
         | Probably too many support questions from enterprise sysadmins
         | "Why is Windows connecting to this domain? Is this CSI thing
         | exfiltrating my data?"
        
       | trustingtrust wrote:
       | What if your ISP hijacks your DNS (pretty common) and someone was
       | to poison it and instead downloads a malware ? That would mean
       | thousands of windows pcs download this malware by just connecting
       | to the internet.
        
         | c0nsumer wrote:
         | Windows Updates are downloaded via HTTP but signed in the
         | package themselves. This is why Delivery Optimization (peer to
         | peer distribution) can be used. HTTP downloads for WU are also
         | good because it allows upstream proxies to cache the content
         | reducing overall network load.
         | 
         | Thus: Hijacking WU to download malicious content takes far, far
         | more than just DNS hijacking. You'd also need to subvert the WU
         | signing system. (This is more nation-state level stuff.)
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | Then the string compare would fail and the little icon in the
         | bottom right would show an exclamation mark.
         | 
         | This can be a problem if there's some kind of critical
         | vulnerability in the Microsoft HTTP stack, but I don't think
         | this attack vector is all that relevant.
         | 
         | Same with other captive portal detection endpoints, there's
         | very little actual parsing going on with these requests.
        
         | alophawen wrote:
         | Yep, that's how viruses spread kids. Better install some
         | McAffee.
        
       | ElfinTrousers wrote:
       | Yes, that certainly sounds like a very Microsoft way to do that.
        
       | majkinetor wrote:
       | Too bad it almost never works correctly. Even now it says I have
       | no Internet while I do and can access those txt files.
       | 
       | I used thousadands of Windows machines in last decade, this is
       | typical. You can ignore this "feature" almost entirelly.
       | 
       | If you introduce proxy in your system, then you can be certain
       | that it will not work, including Windows updates. You have to
       | masssage your system with net commands and learn about WinHTTP
       | proxy (that nobody heard about) sfor it to sometimes work.
       | 
       | To deal with this and other nuisances I made 2 functions in
       | PowerShell:
       | 
       | Update-Proxy
       | https://github.com/majkinetor/posh/blob/master/MM_Network/Up...
       | 
       | Update-CLIProxy
       | https://github.com/majkinetor/posh/blob/master/MM_Network/Up...
        
         | borissk wrote:
         | It works perfectly well for 99.9999% of the users. The few
         | exceptions are people with proxy servers, virtual machines and
         | other exotic network configs.
        
           | majkinetor wrote:
           | That is not my experience and you can't just imagine number
           | like that.
           | 
           | I am currently on basic OS install without anything in
           | between and it doesn't work. I just switched from home router
           | to my phone's hotspot and its the same.
           | 
           | It seems its not only Windows problem. Viber desktop has
           | exclamation icon and it will persist until it is restarted,
           | Mattermost works, Signal works etc.
           | 
           | Check it out: https://i.imgur.com/Oi5gmw4.png
           | 
           | BTW, didnt know proxy is exotic, its literrary the norm in
           | the company.
        
             | lzooz wrote:
             | What happens when you try to load
             | http://www.msftncsi.com/ncsi.txt or
             | http://www.msftconnecttest.com/connecttest.txt ?
             | 
             | If they don't load for you you probably modified your
             | install with shutup10, block microsoft domains using your
             | firewall or /etc/hosts or something else and you're out of
             | support.
        
               | majkinetor wrote:
               | I can access those files, like I said
               | irm http://www.msftncsi.com/ncsi.txt         Microsoft
               | NCSI              irm
               | http://www.msftconnecttest.com/connecttest.txt
               | Microsoft Connect Test
               | 
               | I had this on number of Windows computers, private and
               | corporate. Almost all of them don't have anything like
               | OSU10, simplefirewall etc.
        
               | kiwijamo wrote:
               | Honestly I've never seen the issue you described on any
               | windows machine on any network anywhere.
        
               | majkinetor wrote:
               | Are you system administrator ?
        
           | vetinari wrote:
           | "Exotic" network config, like having the default hyper-v
           | adapter present? That one, that windows creates automatically
           | once you enable hyper-v?
        
             | borissk wrote:
             | Mate, you live in a bubble (as everyone else). There are
             | over a billion Windows PCs out there, how many of them do
             | you think have hyper-v enabled? Keep in mind that even
             | among the small minority of users who have a hypervisor
             | installed VirtualBox, VmWare and Qemu are a lot more
             | popular than hyper-v.
        
       | fulafel wrote:
       | Really unfortunate terminology that molds peoples ideas of the
       | internet, being able to access a website is pretty far from
       | having full internet access. Calculated or not, it was also in MS
       | interests to lead people to think this way.
       | 
       | It should check if you are behind NAT and then say "Your computer
       | doesn't have full Internet access but can reach some services via
       | a gateway"
        
         | bigmattystyles wrote:
         | And to my parents that will mean nothing
        
           | fulafel wrote:
           | But they still unknowingly suffer from the harm it did to
           | network effects and ability to deploy new types of internet
           | apps.
        
             | Kwpolska wrote:
             | I do not want my home computer to be exposed to the
             | Internet. I do not want your fancy new Internet apps, the
             | existing ones with explicit user-initiated connectivity are
             | more than enough for 99% of people.
             | 
             | And even if you somehow have a non-NAT, non-CGNAT, no-ISP-
             | filtering home connection, do you have full Internet access
             | if the server behind NowhereNews.com refuses all your
             | connections because you're in Europe?
        
               | fulafel wrote:
               | This is a non sequitur. Your home computer being "exposed
               | to the internet" is orthogonal. And of course this is now
               | enough for 99% of people because said new apps are
               | prevented from coming into existence.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | You probably know this but NAT is not the same thing as a
               | firewall. You can have one without the other or both.
               | Just because your machine is addressable doesn't mean it
               | is accessible. You can have machines on your home LAN
               | that have public IP addresses but are not publicly
               | accessible. NAT exists because historically ISPs didn't
               | give out blocks of public IP addresses, and now that they
               | are running out of them, they are expensive. It's not
               | really a security measure.
        
               | Kwpolska wrote:
               | Yeah, I know, but NAT's side effect of preventing all
               | sorts of remote access is quite convenient, I don't have
               | to trust the cheap router or cheap internet of shit
               | device to do the right thing firewall-wise.
        
             | iggldiggl wrote:
             | Even without NAT I don't necessarily want any old program
             | to be immediately immediately reachable from the outside,
             | so I still want a default-deny inbound firewall, and as
             | long as it happens under your control, there's not much of
             | a difference between having to configure my router's NAT
             | and having to configure its firewall (in the case of my
             | home router it's literally the same settings page). I.e. no
             | big deal for me, and still a bit of a struggle for non-
             | techies (but with sufficient motivation some will still
             | manage it).
             | 
             | (And if you want something like UPnP to let programs
             | automatically punch holes themselves anyway, again it
             | doesn't matter much whether we're talking about NAT or
             | "just" a plain firewall.)
             | 
             | The true evilness of NAT only really comes in when it's
             | done by some third party outside of your control (CGNAT and
             | friends), but I think that compared to home routers doing
             | NAT the latter is a slightly more recent phenomenon that
             | only got widespread traction when the IPv4 shortage became
             | more acute.
        
               | fulafel wrote:
               | Are you referring to port forwarding? This can work
               | around only a small part of the stuff NAT breaks, and
               | even for those it covers it's a major barrier to
               | application adoption. A new application relying network
               | effects needs to work for the vast majority of users to
               | be able to take off. If you prevent 30-50% of users
               | adopting it, it's not going to take off for example in
               | gaming or communications / sharing apps.
               | 
               | For example port forwarding dosn't help evolution of new
               | internet protocols. Iit prevents replacing TCP with SCTP
               | due to this, or deployment end-to-end IP level encryption
               | (like IPSEC attempted). Or a myriad of other
               | decentralized or security enhancing inventions that
               | depended on the end-to-end nature of the internet
               | architecture that now have never gotten off the drawing
               | board because they are not NAT-compatible.
               | 
               | (And of course the majority of users behind NAT are in
               | fact behind third party controlled NATs)
        
               | iggldiggl wrote:
               | Well yes, NAT might pose some additional constraints, but
               | my main line of argument is that even in an alternative
               | timeline where we never had the IPv4 address shortage and
               | therefore no pressure to develop NAT because every device
               | can be assigned its own address just as is possible now
               | with IPv6, we might still have ended up with default-
               | deny-inbound firewalls for home networks anyway, because
               | it might have turned out that letting random programs run
               | world-accessible serves on random computers without any
               | special user authorisation isn't such a good idea.
               | 
               | IPv6 doesn't require NAT, but my bog standard home router
               | still firewalls it, and I need to manually allow inbound
               | connections (or give up and just use UPnP).
        
         | AnotherGoodName wrote:
         | Everyone with a home router is behind NAT.
        
           | fulafel wrote:
           | I was referring to when this was built, ages ago, and the
           | reality this helped come about.
           | 
           | Today most home networks have NAT for for v4, and then
           | NATless IPv6 (or no IPv6 as the case may be).
           | 
           | Trivia: NAT is not routing, the normative router requirements
           | RFC actually specifically forbids tampering with the IP
           | source or destination address fields.
        
         | neurostimulant wrote:
         | This ship has sailed now. A huge portion of internet users are
         | behind double NAT these days. When you deploy a service on
         | production, you'll have to assume your users are behind double
         | NAT or CGNAT and add additional supporting services to mitigate
         | them like STUN/TURN servers.
        
       | m-p-3 wrote:
       | Google (ChromeOS, Android) does a similar thing by checking
       | http://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204 and expecting
       | an HTTP Response Status 204, or else it assume there's a captive
       | portal or something blocking Internet access.
       | 
       | Apple (iOS, MacOS) checks for https://captive.apple.com/hotspot-
       | detect.html and expects a basic HTML page with the body
       | containing "Success".
        
       | r1ch wrote:
       | Unfortunately it's not that simple. On my system with bridges for
       | hyper-v and wireguard tunnels, the NCSI service happily ignores
       | my default route and tries to establish connectivity through one
       | of the other devices when resuming from sleep.
       | 
       | It wouldn't be that bad if it was just the status indicator, but
       | several apps refuse to work properly if "internet" isn't
       | detected. The workaround is to disable every other adapter in the
       | system until NCSI is happy. I ended up binary patching the
       | connection test service in memory to get it to always return
       | true.
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | Why not point NCSI to a host that's always reachable, like a
         | local web server? There's a lot of configuration you can do to
         | the connection check service that won't get your antivirus all
         | anxious (i.e. https://www.ghacks.net/2014/02/07/disable-
         | customize-windows-...)
        
         | qwertywert_ wrote:
         | Can't you disable NCSI in registry? Or does that not actually
         | help for those other services internally?
        
           | picture wrote:
           | If you do so, which I have tried, it will just show
           | permanently no internet
        
             | justsomehnguy wrote:
             | _You configured it wrong_ - Not Jobs
             | 
             | I had my share of troubles with it, but most of the times I
             | found a way to force it work as I need.
        
             | RedShift1 wrote:
             | Lol, the developer who wrote it that way is definitely the
             | "want to watch the world burn" type.
        
         | dixie_land wrote:
         | > but several apps refuse to work properly if "internet" isn't
         | detected
         | 
         | For me it's very bad code smell when the developers try to
         | check some sort of a global flag ("has internet") instead of
         | just perform the action (eg send http request) and fail
         | gracefully
        
           | gregoryl wrote:
           | You can mess around with that description to understand the
           | reasoning.
           | 
           | Why maintain code to duplicate functionality that is provided
           | by the OS? Can I be more reliable than Microsoft?
        
         | still_grokking wrote:
         | > I ended up binary patching the connection test service in
         | memory to get it to always return true.
         | 
         | Well, this escalated quickly.
         | 
         | How is this executed? I would not know how to patch binaries in
         | memory. Is this a common way to fix bugs under Windows so they
         | have tools for that?
         | 
         | I'm used to just have the source, so I can recompile if ever
         | needed.
        
         | pkulak wrote:
         | I assume you've at least tried one of the other two popular
         | operating systems? I would be desperate to not put up with that
         | kinda thing anymore.
        
       | tech234a wrote:
       | I believe Nintendo uses http://conntest.nintendowifi.net/ for
       | their consoles.
       | 
       | Edit: an update (3.0.0) to the Switch changed it to
       | http://ctest.cdn.nintendo.net/ but I can't seem to access it from
       | a web browser.
        
         | GlitchMr wrote:
         | For ctest to work, it's necessary to start your User-Agent
         | string with "NX NIFM/" (the console itself sends "NX NIFM/00"
         | as an User-Agent string).
        
       | jasonzemos wrote:
       | Is it a problem that the URL is not HTTPS or is it the blessing
       | required to defeat it?
        
         | eightysixfour wrote:
         | I realized a while back that msftconnecttest.com is the domain
         | it uses to check online status, and is the domain it checks in
         | the background that gets redirected to wifi captive portals and
         | pulls up. Any time I have an issue with a captive portal, I use
         | that domain and the redirect works, because I know any other
         | URL with end up with a certificate issue and I won't be able to
         | get to the portal.
        
           | fegu wrote:
           | This is why neverssl.com exists. I always use that when I
           | need the login page of a wifi.
        
           | Kuinox wrote:
           | http://example.com will forever be http.
        
         | YPPH wrote:
         | One reason for that is explained well in a comment on the
         | article.
         | 
         |  _Note that as with the Windows version, the protocol is HTTP,
         | not HTTPS - because captive portals completely break TLS, but
         | plaintext HTTP will result in a clean redirect to the portal,
         | allowing the network service to detect the presence of the
         | portal and to bring up a browser window to let the user
         | authenticate._
         | 
         | (https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20221115-00/?p=10..
         | .)
         | 
         | I can see no reason why HTTPS is needed in any event. It's a
         | single purpose domain that serves a static text file which
         | everyone knows the content of.
        
           | c0nsumer wrote:
           | You've got it exactly. This is also part of Windows captive
           | portal detection, which makes what you say even more
           | important. HTTPS would actually be a step backwards here.
        
           | silisili wrote:
           | Why not just fire off a DNS request ? Not blocked by captive
           | portals, and you get free caching.
        
             | iudqnolq wrote:
             | > and you get free caching
             | 
             | Mayeb that's the problem?
        
               | silisili wrote:
               | Howso? You still need internet access to hit the
               | recursive.
        
               | sk5t wrote:
               | Don't need internet access to read a cached record from a
               | DNS service on localhost, on the LAN, etc.
        
               | zinekeller wrote:
               | Mindless routers (which are frighteningly many) that
               | cache the results and won't show the true state of
               | upstream connection, which is an important thing. There
               | are a lot less transparent HTTP proxies that wouldn't
               | respect no-store than mindless routers trying their best
               | to cache results.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Unless you know what the DNS request is "supposed to
             | return", you can't know that just getting any DNS response
             | indicates that you have full Internet connectivity.
        
               | silisili wrote:
               | They control the record contents just as they would some
               | text in a file on some server, and could be checked in a
               | similar manner.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Sorry, you were imagining the use of a TXT record (I
               | assume) and that would work better than an A record
               | inquiry that I was considering.
               | 
               | It still wouldn't find http filtering, but it would work
               | better than I initially gave it credit. (I still doubt it
               | would give a contextually correct answer for an airplane
               | wifi connection [where DNS May very well work but few
               | other services do if not paid].)
        
             | Mogzol wrote:
             | The whole point is to determine if you have full internet
             | access, so you want to make sure that an HTTP request
             | returns the data you're expecting. You may be able to get
             | DNS responses but not have full internet access, like when
             | on a public wifi that redirects all requests to a login
             | page.
        
             | armada651 wrote:
             | They do, if you look at the docs Raymond linked that's
             | actually the first step.
             | 
             | However that doesn't tell you about the presence of a
             | portal or if HTTP traffic is actually possible.
        
           | rkagerer wrote:
           | Yeah, and there's also no guarantee the computer's
           | certificates are even up to date (eg. first time you connect
           | a PC after a fresh install off older media)
        
             | zinekeller wrote:
             | This is why (until _very_ recently) Windows updates are
             | distributed over HTTP - the only benefit of TLS is real-
             | time error checking (and only because there are stateful
             | HTTP proxies that can mangle files).
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | moduspol wrote:
             | Also no guarantee the computer's clock is set ballpark
             | accurately (which TLS requires), which can be relevant if
             | Windows is checking for Internet connectivity before (for
             | example) using NTP to update the computer's clock.
        
         | sweatypalmer wrote:
         | The comments explain why, common web login pages would fail
         | otherwise.
        
       | mrjin wrote:
       | Not sure when Micro$oft can stop such abusive moves. Why the user
       | have to be able connect to your endpoint to prove they are
       | connected? Why keep nagging me to set active hours coz I
       | regularly use my computer 8am to 6pm?
       | 
       | Anyway, won't be my problem much longer.
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | Every competent UI does this.
         | 
         | http://connectivity-check.ubuntu.com/,
         | https://nmcheck.gnome.org/check_network_status.txt,
         | http://captive.apple.com/hotspot-detect.html,
         | http://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204,
         | http://www.archlinux.org/check_network_status.txt,
         | http://networkcheck.kde.org/
         | 
         | You can disable the checks if you want. Any application that
         | uses the operating system API/DBus to evaluate network
         | connectivity rather than building its own bespoke online check
         | will probably break if you do, though.
         | 
         | Because all of these have to use HTTP, you can also easily
         | override the standard network addresses in your hosts file and
         | pick your own server if that's what you prefer.
        
         | qwertywert_ wrote:
         | What server do you suggest they use? Android uses Google
         | servers is that also abusive?
        
           | mrjin wrote:
           | I don't want that sh*t to be there in the first place. No one
           | knows better than the end user. And also, if the user could
           | not reach some M$ server does not mean users' network was not
           | connected to the internet.
           | 
           | Anyway, won't be a trouble for me much longer. Retiring all
           | my Windows instances, had enough.
        
             | lzooz wrote:
             | >No one knows better than the end user.
             | 
             | Disagree.
        
             | mymyairduster wrote:
             | It's crazy, everyone else is just letting M$ control the
             | narriative and falling for it.
             | 
             | Micro$oft is trying to define what is and is not 'internet'
             | access, eg. they turn the definition of 'internet' to mean
             | unfettered access to the micro$oft servers is and you're
             | ability to send personal information over to them.
        
               | intelVISA wrote:
               | Internet access is when your machine can exfiltrate data
               | to Redmond, CA.
        
               | Kwpolska wrote:
               | Yeah, right.
               | 
               | The Redmond you're thinking of is in Washington, BTW.
        
               | intelVISA wrote:
               | Never was good at geography, thx :)
        
       | thakoppno wrote:
       | `http://www.msftconnecttest.com/connecttest.txt`
       | 
       | Wonder what kind of uptime this service has and what sort of
       | footprint is needed?
        
         | mike_d wrote:
         | It is hosted on the Azure CDN, which is partially Azure
         | datacenters and backed up by Akamai. msftncsi.com is completely
         | on Akamai.
         | 
         | Here is a list of Azure operated locations:
         | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/cdn/microsoft-pop-ab...
        
           | thakoppno wrote:
           | thank you - any guess on the requests/second?
           | 
           | and what about the origin behind the cdn? seems like that
           | it's still rather critical and would have migrated multiple
           | physical hosts over the past 30 years.
           | 
           | This sort of thing is fascinating and I do something similar
           | at a much smaller scale at day job, keeping a simple service
           | running that enables the rest of the stack to survive.
        
       | pluc wrote:
       | A: It calls home
        
       | photoGrant wrote:
       | Doing this during a Windows 11 install will result in a road
       | block until you fix said connection issues. You literally can't
       | proceed without finding a hidden terminal and disabling the
       | process and restarting. Insane.
        
         | albertopv wrote:
         | Windows experience is worse and worse. On my Windows 10 company
         | provided PC I found games installed remotely. In a professional
         | PC! A friend of mine found Spotify installed [1]. That's
         | insane.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.windowslatest.com/2022/09/28/spotify-app-is-
         | auto...
        
           | jonathantf2 wrote:
           | Your company hasn't set it up properly then, there's an
           | option to "disable consumer experiences" (https://admx.help/?
           | Category=Windows_10_2016&Policy=Microsoft...)
        
             | AshamedCaptain wrote:
             | One of the companies I was in actually blocked the entire
             | MS Store through policy, but this results in most of
             | Windows 10 going batshit insane (e.g. the Settings app will
             | not even allow you to change keyboard layouts, because to
             | retrieve language files it must go to the MS Store).
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | That reminds me of when they made it impossible to get
               | rid of IE by making it a hard dependency of most of the
               | rest of the OS. Why won't they get in as much trouble for
               | this as they did for that?
        
             | temac wrote:
             | "This setting only applies to Enterprise and Education
             | SKUs."
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | So is Windows 10 Pro not meant for companies then? Because
             | that option doesn't work on it.
        
           | brirec wrote:
           | I'm not saying it makes it okay, but the "Professional for
           | Workstations" edition does not have any sort of sponsored
           | start menu items or auto-installs.
        
             | lloydatkinson wrote:
             | Does workstation edition have the same dumb properties as
             | LTSC such as "Visual Studio won't install because reasons"
             | or any other restrictions?
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | Not that I know of. But it won't install on "normal" PCs,
               | it requires "workstation-level" CPUs. If you install it
               | on a regular PC, it will just revert to regular win 11
               | pro.
               | 
               | I don't know if this changed with the 22h2 upgrade, but
               | it's the behavior I'd noticed before.
        
               | temac wrote:
               | Im not completely sure about that given it includes a few
               | additional features like refs.
        
             | rightbyte wrote:
             | My enterprise install had Candy crush pop up in the start
             | menu. I thought I had installed a virus, but realized it
             | was Windows itself.
        
           | c0nsumer wrote:
           | Your company isn't managing the OS properly/normally then.
           | They can stop all of this from being installed, but aren't.
           | 
           | (Source: Windows OS admin/engineer for large company where we
           | /do/ manage all of this.)
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | Is your company big enough to be able to afford Windows 10
             | Enterprise instead only Windows 10 Pro? Because on the
             | latter, you _can 't_ stop all of that from being installed.
        
         | TurkishPoptart wrote:
         | This is why I refuse to update or upgrade Windows or my iPhone.
         | They just keep over-engineering stuff and somehow it's always
         | worse.
        
           | Twisell wrote:
           | GPT3 gone bad?
        
             | alophawen wrote:
             | Yes Twisell, opinions not yours is a rogue AI.
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | Not safe, Linux FTW. Not perfect but at least not purposely
           | fucking with you.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwaway0x7E6 wrote:
         | even with the cable unplugged and no wifi module?
        
           | satysin wrote:
           | I ran into this a few weeks ago with an Intel 12th Gen NUC.
           | The Windows 11 install media does not have drivers for the
           | LAN nor the WiFi so it just sits there saying you need to
           | connect to a network to complete setup.
           | 
           | How on earth did Microsoft okay releasing a _Professional_
           | version of their OS that offers no suggestion on how to
           | finish the install when no network devices are detected?
           | 
           | A simple Google found me the answer but it is piss poor UX to
           | offer zero options when it knows there is no network
           | interface to enable.
           | 
           | People like to joke that you need the Terminal in Linux still
           | and yet I couldn't even install the brand new Windows 11 on a
           | computer without needing to open a command prompt using a
           | keyboard shortcut and enter some cryptic command which
           | rebooted my machine and enabled some hidden option.
        
           | cronin101 wrote:
           | Yes, can confirm I was installing Win11 on my brother-in-
           | law's new PC that I built last week and there were no default
           | drivers for the USB wifi adapter I had attempted to reuse
           | from his old machine. The entire process was roadblocked
           | wanting me to plug into Ethernet until I researched the
           | secret keyboard combination that allows you to shell out and
           | then restart with the ability to do a network-free install.
        
             | justusw wrote:
             | I was using a Win 11 Pro installer stick on a Surface 4 the
             | other day paired with a USB Ethernet interface. Aside from
             | the fact that keyboard and mouse don't work, because
             | Windows doesn't have drivers for a Microsoft Surface during
             | install, I was able to convince Microsoft that I have no
             | connection by unplugging the Ethernet cable right before
             | the Microsoft account login prompt. Maybe I was lucky? Or
             | really old installer? (Got it from Amazon Japan)
             | 
             | It's definitely not an OS I would like to make my daily
             | driver. I just hope Apple won't go down that road with
             | macOS.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | If I've been following tech news, Pro lets you move on
               | with a local account, but Home might not.
        
               | justusw wrote:
               | That clears it up! Thanks!
        
               | temac wrote:
               | Iirc it is not the case anymore even for pro in 22h2. But
               | bypassnro works for both home and pro.
        
             | empyrrhicist wrote:
             | Madness
        
             | JadeNB wrote:
             | > I researched the secret keyboard combination that allows
             | you to shell out and then restart with the ability to do a
             | network-free install.
             | 
             | What is the secret keyboard combination?
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | https://www.makeuseof.com/windows-11-set-up-without-
               | internet...
        
             | throwaway0x7E6 wrote:
             | jesus fucking christ
        
         | LoganDark wrote:
         | Doing what? Blocking those domains?
        
           | boneitis wrote:
           | I am similarly bewildered by everyone going along with it. I
           | am not in on whatever cruel joke is being played on us.
           | 
           | My best guess after turning my head 270 degrees, closing one
           | eye, and squinting the other is that the noun is
           | Microsoft/Windows, and the verb is running the ncsi daemon
           | and having it fail the check.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | lxe wrote:
         | Yup. The full instructions can be found online but in general,
         | 
         | When you get to that step, press Shift + F10 to bring up the
         | terminal, then type "OOBE\BYPASSNRO" and press enter.
         | 
         | The installer will restart but this time will have a "I don't
         | have Internet" button that you can use to bypass this nonsense.
        
           | sebazzz wrote:
           | For those that don't know, OOBE stands for "Out Of the Box
           | Experience"
        
           | josephcsible wrote:
           | What explanation other than malice is there for Microsoft not
           | giving you that button all the time?
        
             | unnah wrote:
             | It was becoming common knowledge that you could disconnect
             | your machine from networks during installation to use
             | Windows with a local account (i.e. the normal kind of user
             | account that people have used for decades). Microsoft wants
             | people to register online during installation and to use
             | the online account on all their computers, in order to
             | increase the market share of the Windows app store and
             | other Microsoft online services such as OneDrive and Office
             | 365. So it's not malicious, Microsoft is just implementing
             | their strategy to create more monetization opportunities.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | that's tying, an anti competitive feature. Illegal too
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I mean, sorry, but I consider that malicious. The OS
               | _can_ create a local account but doesn 't give you that
               | option specifically to make you create a windows Live
               | account. That is almost textbook definition of malicious
               | for me.
        
               | thelittleone wrote:
               | What's may be more surprising than their malice is your
               | surprise at their malice. These 'dark patterns' are so
               | numerous now it's exhausting to remain duly outraged. I
               | hope there's a future (or alternate universe) where dark
               | patterns, such as this, result in economic loss rather
               | than economic gain.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | They might be a Linux desktop user or a free software
               | person in general. If you stick to F/OSS you might still
               | live in a world where that stuff is pretty much entirely
               | absent, experientally.
               | 
               | Then the outrage comes in full force, as a kind of
               | culture shock, whenever some external situation requires
               | you to do something like set up a proprietary desktop
               | operating system.
               | 
               | > I hope there's a future (or alternate universe) where
               | dark patterns, such as this, result in economic loss
               | rather than economic gain.
               | 
               | I agree. I wonder whether that can actually be achieved
               | through end-user savviness alone.
        
               | justsomehnguy wrote:
               | Ten years ago you needed iTunes to enable your
               | iPhone/iPad.
               | 
               | Sure there are probably was a way to skip most of the
               | requirements (except iTunes itself) but around that time
               | I helped a friend to activate an iPad.
               | 
               | I was forced to register an Apple account AND give it a
               | credit card to activate that iPad.
               | 
               | You can blame MS all you want, but MS _IS LATE FOR THE
               | PARTY WITH ALL THAT SHIT_.
        
               | franga2000 wrote:
               | I bought my first Apple device (an iPad) two weeks ago
               | out of necessity and even created an Apple account in
               | advance, assuming Apple will force me to use it. I was
               | very surprised to find a very obvious "Skip" button that
               | let me complete the process with no account.
               | 
               | And just because other manufacturers do it, isn't a
               | reason not to blame MS for what MS did. Nobody forced
               | them to do this and it's not even common practice. The OS
               | wasn't "built with online accounts in mind". It's
               | something nobody asked for and everyone lived happily
               | without before.
        
               | kiwijamo wrote:
               | Are you able to e.g. install apps without an apple
               | account? I seem to recall simple things like that wasn't
               | possible unless you had signed into an apple account.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | Not being able to use the app store is pretty different
               | from not being able to setup the computer.
        
               | AshamedCaptain wrote:
               | Considering that on these Apple devices the Apple store
               | is literally the only entry point for running actual
               | programs on these devices, I would say it is indeed
               | pretty equivalent to "not being able to setup the
               | computer".
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | Can you no longer install free apps from the App Store on
               | a Mac without creating an account or signing in? I
               | thought that used to work.
        
               | DangitBobby wrote:
               | You might have bad information. Very little of the
               | software I run on my Mac comes from the App store. Even
               | if your assertion were accurate... You'd still be able to
               | use Safari, and web browsing accounts for the lion's
               | share of most people's computing needs. So the score is:
               | 
               | Windows 11: lay-users can do literally nothing of value
               | with their computer without signing in to an account they
               | probably don't want
               | 
               | MacOS: lay-users can use the internet and download
               | software provided outside of the app store without
               | signing into an account that they probably don't want
               | 
               | Calling these equivalent would be quite an exaggeration.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | I don't know, almost everyone who has an iPad in my
               | family probably never used an app store. They just use it
               | for browsing, facetime and calendar management - and all
               | these apps are preinstalled. I'm trying to think what I
               | have installed on mine that isn't standard, and it's
               | pretty much.....YouTube? I could browse that through the
               | browser if I wanted to.
               | 
               | Like, my point is that these devices are fully functional
               | out of the box even without an account(but yes, it sucks
               | that you need one to unlock it fully)
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Since iOS doesn't let you sideload apps, it's actually
               | not very different at all.
        
               | pxc wrote:
               | From a Windows perspective, Apple might seem somehow
               | generous, but if you're not interested in Apple's cloud
               | services or you're actually concerned about privacy, the
               | Mac setup wizard is still a minefield of shit to opt out
               | of. :-\
        
               | Wowfunhappy wrote:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
               | 
               | > Please don't use uppercase for emphasis. If you want to
               | emphasize a word or phrase, put _asterisks_ around it and
               | it will get italicized.
        
               | ilyt wrote:
               | > I mean, sorry, but I consider that malicious.
               | 
               | Welcome to microsoft ecosystem
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | That explanation is exactly what I meant by malice.
               | Microsoft is trying to force people to do something to
               | their own computers that they don't want to do and that
               | isn't actually necessary to do.
        
               | temac wrote:
               | It is absolutely malicious tho ugh, because Windows works
               | perfectly fine with only a local account, and tbh it
               | would still be malicious, and actually even more
               | malicious, if they managed to change windows to make it
               | not work anymore with just a local account. I suspect
               | they won't and that nrobypass or something equivalent
               | will remain for the forrseable future. Maybe a regulation
               | authority will even force them to provide back the
               | offline option out of the box.
        
               | rnd0 wrote:
               | > So it's not malicious, Microsoft is just implementing
               | their strategy to create more monetization opportunities.
               | 
               | So it's not malicious -it's just malicious.
               | 
               | Gotcha!
        
               | gruturo wrote:
               | > So it's not malicious
               | 
               | Ahem. You literally just described a very clear-cut,
               | textbook example of malicious. Yes it is absolutely
               | malicious.
        
               | RunSet wrote:
               | People are so quick to assume malice whenever a
               | multinational conglomerate practices deception in pursuit
               | of profit. Whatever happened to engaging in good faith?
        
               | LocalH wrote:
               | The pursuit of profit, purely for the sake of profit and
               | no other goal, _is_ malicious.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | What? No it isn't, and profit has nothing to do with why
               | this particular decision by Microsoft was.
        
               | thaneross wrote:
               | I think most people don't realize this given how
               | normalized it is. Wealth is a mechanism of distributing
               | limited resources, and thus profit seeking without
               | concern for externalities or creating value makes
               | everyone else worse off.
        
               | mirko22 wrote:
               | Yeah, I love how much hate people gave to Microsoft about
               | browser monopoly but this is somehow fine :)
        
               | samb1729 wrote:
               | > Microsoft wants people to register online [...] in
               | order to increase the market share of the Windows app
               | store and other Microsoft online services
               | 
               | > So it's not malicious
               | 
               | I would have to firmly disagree there. Microsoft are
               | pushing the notion that an online account with some
               | identity provider is a necessity for home computing by
               | hiding the (perfectly functional) option to create a
               | local account.
        
               | tveyben wrote:
               | - This is My procedure (with Lan) to obtain a local
               | Account on W10                   Install Windows 10 and
               | go through the OOBE       - Select Region       - Select
               | Keyboard Layout       - SKIP Secondary keyboard layout
               | - Network connection       - ENABLE Allow PC to be
               | discoverable       - Setup = For personal use       -
               | Account = Offline account         - like old times - a
               | completely standalone PC       - Sign in = Limited
               | experience         - ignore the nudging to make an online
               | account       - User account = <my initials>         - as
               | this gets used for the name of the home folder and I
               | don't want my full name for that       - No password
               | - to avoid the nonsense socalled "security questions".
               | Password will be set later *after* completing the
               | installation       - Location usage = No       - Find my
               | device = No       - Diagnostic data = Required only
               | - Improve inking = No       - Tailored experience = No
               | - Advertising ID = No       - Customise experience = Skip
               | - Set a password for the account
        
               | 867-5309 wrote:
               | you can just skip enabling internet. weirdly, on some
               | machines this results in a reboot, but it's fine
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | $$$$
        
           | banana_giraffe wrote:
           | This is also currently the only way to bypass the need for an
           | MS account when setting up a new PC.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | cm2187 wrote:
             | And MS accounts make zero sense to anyone who has a private
             | NAS or need to interact with anything non windows with
             | kerberos.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | It's worse than that. The account it creates is somehow
               | "special". I have not yet figured out a way to connect to
               | a computer with an MS account via RDP (yes, RDP is on and
               | allowed through the firewall, the user is a local admin
               | (the default)). Ditto for accessing that PC's shares.
        
               | nazgulsenpai wrote:
               | You use the username MicrosoftAccount\email@address.com
               | and the user password.
        
               | c0nsumer wrote:
               | FWIW, I just did this two days ago with a Win11 machine
               | that I set up solely for remote access.
               | 
               | Created an MS account (because I want this machine to be
               | as normal-user as possible), set up a PIN. Signed in with
               | a PIN to the desktop, run 'Remote desktop settings' and
               | fip the 'Remote Desktop' toggle to on and affirm the
               | prompt that asks if you really want to do this.
               | 
               | After that no issue RDPing to the machine by IP or
               | hostname from another machine on the same LAN. Username
               | and password is the same as the MS account I first signed
               | in with.
               | 
               | (For reference, Windows 11 22H2 running on an HP Prodesk
               | 600 G5, RDPing from macOS using Microsoft Remote Desktop
               | 10.7.10 installed via App Store.)
        
               | database64128 wrote:
               | You have to delete the PIN it forced you to create during
               | OOBE. This forces the system to apply your MSA's password
               | to the actual account. Without this step, the account has
               | no password. You can still recreate the PIN afterwards
               | and it won't delete the password.
        
               | joxel wrote:
               | Lmfao, how does a company with the resources of Microsoft
               | be so bad at writing an OS. Mind blowing.
        
               | c0nsumer wrote:
               | PIN is only used for local logins because it's part of
               | Windows Hello, meaning it literally is the PIN to unlock
               | the password credentials where they are stored in the
               | TPM.
        
             | 6510 wrote:
             | it didn't work on my new laptop
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | You can also try to join a domain, enter bad credentials,
             | wait for the error to show up, and then select a local
             | account I believe. That may not be available in the home
             | edition of Windows 11, though.
        
               | vladvasiliu wrote:
               | IIRC you don't need bad credentials. It just offers to
               | create a local account, without even asking to connect to
               | the domain.
               | 
               | But yeah, I'm pretty sure the domain join is only an
               | option on the pro and enterprise editions.
               | 
               | I've also found out that the domain join is only offered
               | if it can contact the internet. I installed this on a
               | brand-new laptop the other day, and it didn't detect the
               | wifi card and it had no wired network. It absolutely
               | refused to go past the "let me connect to the internet"
               | phase until I went through the "hidden terminal" dance.
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | The "domain join" is misleading. It does not really join
               | the domain, it just creates local account. Joining domain
               | has to be done manually after installation. (Otherwise,
               | network connection is a logical requirement for for
               | domain join, you need to contact DC after all.)
               | 
               | This is in a stark contrast with current linux desktop
               | distributions, which do allow domain join straight from
               | their OOBE.
        
               | temac wrote:
               | Im not sure you can even do that anymore with the last
               | edition. But bypassnro is still there.
        
             | tveyben wrote:
             | Nope - see my previous answer in this thread ;-)
        
               | Tempest1981 wrote:
               | That works on Win10, but not Win11, afaik.
        
               | tveyben wrote:
               | Have not yet played with Win11, I must try that that one
               | day and find out...
        
       | saagarjha wrote:
       | Why does Microsoft always seem to pick domain names that are
       | indistinguishable from phishing scams?
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Every time I get an email from my health insurance, or sign in,
         | I see so many domains that look like abject phishing domains.
         | It's insane.
        
         | lzooz wrote:
         | Because it's easier for a particular department to buy a domain
         | than it is to tell whomever manages the microsoft.com domain to
         | create a subdomain.
        
         | b0ner_t0ner wrote:
         | aka.ms
        
         | chrisseaton wrote:
         | They do seem deliberately designed to be suspicious. Almost
         | couldn't be any worse even if they tried.
        
           | cm2187 wrote:
           | Particularly for unimportant things like authentication.
           | There must be at least a dozen redirects when you login with
           | your ms account online, none of which is a microsoft.com
           | domain.
        
           | NotYourLawyer wrote:
           | microsoft-internet-security.com
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | Because Microsoft isn't a reputable company and engages in
         | nefarious activities across the web to maintain a positive
         | reputation?
        
       | nanis wrote:
       | You can use your own domain and string as well[1].
       | 
       | [1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28512149
        
       | meltyness wrote:
       | This is sort of a nightmare since, at least on Windows 10, this
       | is determined differently for different facilities.
       | 
       | I'm in a situation where I needed to modify my Registry
       | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/cimwin32prov...
       | in order to convince the Metro UI that I was actually connected,
       | whereas everything else was working fine.
       | 
       | I can't remember exactly what I did now, but it's been working
       | great.
        
       | emsign wrote:
       | Cool, I always thought Windows decided my status at random.
        
       | httpz wrote:
       | I'm not sure if it's still in use but iPhones used to hit
       | http://www.apple.com/library/test/success.html to test
       | connectivity.
       | 
       | I used to use it to test connectivity on my own apps because
       | Apple is probably better at making sure a url reachable than I
       | am.
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | I believe they hit http://captive.apple.com now (and that's
         | what I use).
        
           | loginatnine wrote:
           | For french speaking gals/guys, there's http://perdu.com too
           | (lost.com basically)
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | They use more than that, I've seen it on the wire (to prevent
           | DNS caching I believe).
           | 
           | http://neverssl.com also works
           | 
           | And https://1.1.1.1 breaks people's brains if they know
           | enough
        
             | askvictor wrote:
             | Even more fun: https://16843009
        
               | tlaundal wrote:
               | And there's https://1.1
        
               | 9dev wrote:
               | Did they actually issue the certificate for that??
        
               | ev1 wrote:
               | No, your browser converts it before access
        
             | petesergeant wrote:
             | I prefer https://1.1.257
        
             | loevborg wrote:
             | I like
             | 
             | http://uz
        
           | erlendellingsen wrote:
           | Whenever I access a public Wi-Fi with login / captive portal,
           | and the portal doesn't show up immediately, I enter
           | captive.apple.com in Safari to trigger it! Works every time
           | (iPhone)
        
           | rzzzt wrote:
           | http://example.com is also good.
        
         | t0bia_s wrote:
         | Same for Android which always call to Google everytime device
         | connect to WiFi. At least you can change captive portal via
         | ADB, I'm not sure if iOS let you do that too.
        
       | gerdesj wrote:
       | This really gets on my nerves! Some twit of a programmer
       | (probably via a committee) "knows" whether a system has
       | connectivity.
       | 
       | For some people Facebook is the internet and for others it is
       | Outlook. Somehow a twiddler at MS has decided that a file on a
       | web server at some wanky location is the internet and that's the
       | final answer.
       | 
       | "I cn haz a file" is fine lovely internets! No it bloody well
       | isn't. You should be constructing a response to a challenge from
       | the other end, not a response to a simple GET like it's 1999.
       | 
       | I run quite a few systems/sites that have multiple internet
       | connections - deciding whether the internet is available is quite
       | a nuanced thing and that Windows internet detector is bloody
       | stupid, naive and a fucking hindrance.
       | 
       | Define "internet" and then have a crack at defining "internet
       | accessibility". Those things are quite specific to individuals.
       | orgs and so on. Connectivity is way too complicated for a simple,
       | naive check.
        
         | romanovcode wrote:
         | > Somehow a twiddler at MS has decided that a file on a web
         | server at some wanky location is the internet and that's the
         | final answer.
         | 
         | Seems like it's the same in many linux distros as well as
         | android and chrome os. It's right there in the article. So it's
         | not really MS specific at all.
        
           | zinekeller wrote:
           | And even Apple (http://captive.apple.com/) and Firefox
           | (http://detectportal.firefox.com/success.txt or
           | http://detectportal.firefox.com/canonical.html depending on
           | the specific version).
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | qwertywert_ wrote:
         | But it works 99.999% of use-cases as a business decision, what
         | do you suggest windows should do to make it a better user
         | experience for their customers?
         | 
         | > You should be constructing a response to a challenge from the
         | other end, not a response to a simple GET like it's 1999.
         | 
         | Really? Isn't simple better here, why are you making this sound
         | so crazy? Also you can turn it off.
         | 
         | The author also had a good response for spoofing question imo:
         | "So what if somebody spoofs it? Congratulations, you tricked
         | Windows into showing a "full internet access" icon, and then
         | when the user tries to go to a web site, they get an error."
         | 
         | You sound like a typical engineer who cannot see the bigger
         | picture of business decisions.
        
           | gerdesj wrote:
           | "You sound like a typical engineer"
           | 
           | I've been a Managing Director for 22 years. Make of that what
           | you will, me old fruit.
        
             | gerdesj wrote:
             | Oh and what do you have against engineers? (typical or
             | otherwise)
             | 
             | I used to be Chartered (Stick n Bricks n that) ...
        
               | qwertywert_ wrote:
               | Nothing against us, I get it, stuff is complicated and
               | hard to have a best solution for everyone.
        
         | zinekeller wrote:
         | > Define "internet" and then have a crack at defining "internet
         | accessibility". Those things are quite specific to individuals.
         | orgs and so on. Connectivity is way too complicated for a
         | simple, naive check.
         | 
         | This is asking for the true Scotsman. This is designed for the
         | 99% of users where internet access is a ternary "yes, no, needs
         | credentials". The "naive" check is enough for them.
         | 
         | Also, as far as I know only Windows has defined settings to
         | disable this check and assume that there's a connection
         | (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/troubleshoot/windows-
         | clien...). At least you could disable this if you need to,
         | because Android don't have a similar setting.
        
           | gerdesj wrote:
           | "This is asking for the true Scotsman."
           | 
           | wot?
        
             | m-murphy wrote:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No_true_Scotsman
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | The beauty of Windows is that everything is configurable
         | through the registry if you look up the documentation. Usually
         | you don't want to configure everything so in these cases
         | Windows comes with sane defaults, but Microsoft has a way to
         | override the URL that's being checked. See this article from
         | eight years ago: https://www.ghacks.net/2014/02/07/disable-
         | customize-windows-...
         | 
         | If you need some complicated algorithm, write a quick simple
         | web server that runs on 127.123.45.67 and does all of these
         | checks for you when the magical portal URL is requested. Then
         | update your registry to point to that IP (or use hacks like
         | editing your hosts file) and you've just added your special
         | logic to every WinHTTP application on your computer. You can
         | even point Windows to an endpoint only reachable over VPN if
         | you want so the Internet check becomes "is my VPN operational",
         | though that may break the VPN software itself.
         | 
         | Microsoft did a good enough job for all normal use cases of the
         | Internet. Bespoke use cases need bespoke solutions, and they
         | provide the ability to set that up without hacks if you want to
         | change the standard behaviour.
        
         | dahdum wrote:
         | > I run quite a few systems/sites that have multiple internet
         | connections - deciding whether the internet is available is
         | quite a nuanced thing and that Windows internet detector is
         | bloody stupid, naive and a fucking hindrance.
         | 
         | I'm not following this, where is the nuance? What problems does
         | this cause and why are they so difficult to solve? Even if
         | behind a strict firewall that allows only a few IPs or ranges
         | (arguable that would still be the "internet" as commonly
         | understood), couldn't you just override DNS to return the same
         | file from your server?
         | 
         | I've been annoyed by iOS disconnecting from wifi when no access
         | is detected and I'm just trying to stream something from local
         | network, but not Windows.
        
           | gerdesj wrote:
           | When you have a router with multiple WANS, LANS and VPNS etc,
           | routing can get a bit complicated.
           | 
           | For example how do you tell traffic to go via WAN2 (or 3 or
           | whatever) instead of WAN1 if is really down (define really
           | down). So you create a rule that says that all inbound on LAN
           | is routed via a failover thing. That's fine but now you've
           | broken RFC1918 routing. You try to connect to a remote site
           | via 192.168.lol and its fucked.
           | 
           | So you now create a rule that forces 192.168.0.0/16,
           | 172.16.0.0/12 and 10.0.0.0/8 to be routed via the usual
           | routing table and after that you have a rule that worries
           | about internets and multi WAN. Simples.
           | 
           | No of course it isn't that simple but it is quite close and
           | good enough mostly!
           | 
           | There are several problems in search of a solution here. Is a
           | WAN down? Usually you ping something. What do you do if the
           | thing being pinged is down but the link is actually available
           | and how do you deal with that? It gets to charts of
           | risk/reward at this point.
        
             | Godel_unicode wrote:
             | Huh? If you have multiple WANs, presumably you're running
             | an actual routing protocol (BGP if WAN means WAN) and it's
             | solving your routing question based off of it's
             | configuration and the routes announced by it's peers.
             | 
             | Also, I hope you're not relying on ICMP to tell you
             | meaningful things about your relationship with the
             | internet. It lies.
        
             | ikiris wrote:
             | No, if you know at all what you're doing in something that
             | complicated, you're running an actual routing protocol, and
             | none of this ping trash.
        
       | 4992444886 wrote:
        
       | hsbauauvhabzb wrote:
       | Two things I've always wanted to do is figure out how to cache
       | windows updates on my local network without an enterprise windows
       | install, and how to block windows updates by sinkholing domains
       | and/or ip addresses (I work in IT security).
       | 
       | Can anyone give any tips on either of these?
        
         | me_again wrote:
         | Look into WSUS / Windows Update Services
        
         | aoetalks wrote:
         | Why do you want to block windows updates?
        
           | alar44 wrote:
           | It's standard practice. You don't roll out updates until they
           | are tested.
        
             | videofreedom wrote:
             | Would you like to describe your standard practice? I am
             | interested in implementing this after windows updates have
             | killed our workstations multiple times.
             | 
             | Is there a nice description / workflow / tutorial / script
             | / community where I can learn how to do that?
             | 
             | I did not find any recommended workflow for this by
             | Microsoft itself, but maybe I was searching for the wrong
             | things - windows updates are generally a bad thing to
             | research anything related for. I expected to find some
             | standard workflow description plus tools on some MS
             | website, but no success. Does that exist?
             | 
             | Thank you very much!
        
               | vetinari wrote:
               | You are looking for WSUS (Windows Server Update
               | Services). If you have Windows Server somewhere, you can
               | add WSUS role to it and use group policies to point your
               | clients to it for updates.
               | 
               | Then, in WSUS console, you set up approvals for updates
               | and then the updates will be offered to clients only once
               | you approve them. You can divide the clients into groups
               | and manage the approvals for these groups individually,
               | so you can have a separate testing group.
        
           | TurkishPoptart wrote:
           | Because somehow it gets worse and less usable each time.
           | Also, planned obsolescence.
        
           | hsbauauvhabzb wrote:
           | Because working in security sometimes I want to test malware
           | on outdated AV, blocking full internet causes command and
           | control failures, creating a weird spot to analyse traffic.
           | Disabling Defender is not persistent (it seems to switch
           | itself on, etc).
        
             | WolfRazu wrote:
             | If you disable defender using group policy, from my
             | experience that's been disabled consistently for a year no
             | problems. Latest version of Windows 10.
             | 
             | Note you need to disable tamper protection and reboot first
             | otherwise it silently reenables itself.
        
           | marginalia_nu wrote:
           | Sometimes Windows installs an upgrade that insists I must
           | connect my user account to a Microsoft account. It will not
           | let me boot the OS if I don't. Only hell if I know what my
           | Microsoft account is. I never use it. I need to use my web
           | browser to find out. But I can't, because I need to set up my
           | Microsoft account first. So I have to use another computer
           | which will let me use it even without a Microsoft account,
           | and then try to figure out my Microsoft account password.
           | Then boot into Windows, let it connect the accounts, go into
           | account options and try to find the hidden dialog to separate
           | them again because hell fucking no I don't want Microsoft to
           | associate my user account with my email address.
           | 
           | Being shafted like this every now and then has eroded my
           | trust for Windows' updates.
        
             | josephcsible wrote:
             | > eroded my trust for Windows' updates
             | 
             | Remember that security vulnerabilities in Windows are
             | discovered all the time, so it's dangerous to use Windows
             | without installing the updates. If you (rightfully) don't
             | want to install the updates, then you should switch to an
             | OS that actually respects your freedom instead, like Linux.
        
               | marginalia_nu wrote:
               | I can also just accept the risk.
               | 
               | (I already do all my important work on Linux, since like
               | 20 years)
        
         | ddlutz wrote:
         | I'm surprised "in-home router-level network caching" hasn't
         | become a thing, really. Lets say you have a family of 4, all
         | with iphones that need updating, windows updates, downloading
         | same games from steam, app store, etc. It could be
         | significantly sped up for whole house to download file 1 time
         | instead of 4.
        
           | hsbauauvhabzb wrote:
           | I believe Microsoft use BitTorrent to distribute updates. It
           | took me a while to realise that many Linux distros use
           | unencrypted http to enable caching, using signature checks to
           | verify file integrity
        
         | RunSet wrote:
         | > how to cache windows updates on my local network without an
         | enterprise windows install
         | 
         | https://download.wsusoffline.net/
         | 
         | will download Windows updates and create an installer for them.
        
         | omvtam wrote:
         | The nuke-it-from-orbit approach works for me but ymmv: a
         | default-deny firewall for the Windows IP on the default gateway
         | with external squid proxy for Firefox. netstat -on | grep $PID
         | to add rules to allow access per process for things that just
         | have to get through.
        
         | mkup wrote:
         | Set up SOCKS5 proxy (e.g. github.com/rofl0r/microsocks) on the
         | nearest router and configure router's firewall to drop all
         | outgoing packets whose TTL is near 128 (Windows). Then
         | configure FoxyProxy in Firefox or Chrome to use your SOCKS5
         | proxy. Windows will think it's offline, browser and other apps
         | which are aware of your proxy will work fine.
        
       | sammy2255 wrote:
       | Why don't they make this configurable? I want to hit 1.1.1.1 not
       | microsoft.
       | 
       | Also, sucks how Spotify wont even try to play songs when Windows
       | displays no internet
        
         | pxeboot wrote:
         | It is configurable via a registry setting, ActiveWebProbeHost
         | [1].
         | 
         | But you have to point it at a server with the right file
         | present. It doesn't just do a ping.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.ghacks.net/2014/02/07/disable-customize-
         | windows-...
        
           | Jamie9912 wrote:
           | I wonder if we can hack the binary that's doing the actual
           | check >:)
        
             | RedShift1 wrote:
             | Knock knock.
             | 
             | Who's
             | 
             |  _IT 'S WINDOWS FILE PROTECTION_
        
         | miyuru wrote:
         | you might want to use one.one.one.one for dualstack not
         | 1.1.1.1.
         | 
         | for spotify, offline playback is premium feature.
        
       | Vanit wrote:
       | This is the kind of thing that comes up whenever I've worked on
       | an app and the client asks us to report as server connectivity to
       | the user. Despite what the OS tells you, you basically don't know
       | anything until you actually try to use the network, so not
       | surprised at all this is what Windows does.
        
       | divbzero wrote:
       | I suppose you could spoof having full Internet access by hosting
       | _nsci.txt_ or _connecttest.txt_ locally and editing your hosts
       | file to direct _www.msftncsi.com_ or _www.msftconnecttest.com_ to
       | _127.0.0.1_? Conversely, if those Microsoft websites ever failed,
       | countless Windows machines would determine that they have limited
       | or no Internet access.
        
         | tveyben wrote:
         | Not if they parse the payload of the response        Yes if
         | they only use the http status
         | 
         | (I Think they rely on the payload...)
        
         | bboygravity wrote:
         | Doesn't windows ignore localhost for Microsoft adresses? I
         | vaguely recall reading an article on that.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lukeboi wrote:
         | yep! or do this at the dns level
        
         | number6 wrote:
         | Best hosting company: localhost
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | vgb2k18 wrote:
         | In the linked comment section, Raymond Chen replied somewhat
         | abrasively to a comment similar to this (the comment was
         | "wouldn't this be easy to spoof?").
         | 
         | A bit harsh I thought!
        
           | pkulak wrote:
           | He just had to say that this is for convenience, not
           | security.
        
             | c0nsumer wrote:
             | Yep, exactly. Because another part of this is NCSI is used
             | for captive portal detection, so Windows can/will notify
             | the user that they need to do something more to keep using
             | the network.
             | 
             | Android and Chrome do the same sort of thing to detect
             | internet access; this is how Android pops the notification
             | to sign in to the network.
             | 
             | Then, at least on Windows, the results of NCSI flow down
             | into WinHTTP and a ton of other things so apps can know the
             | status of the network.
             | 
             | It's also possible, via Group Policy, to configure a
             | different URL for NCSI. This is useful in enterprises which
             | may not have the NCSI URL available to unauthenticated
             | things (eg: the OS) but still has internet access via
             | proxies.
             | 
             | It's also possible to disable NCSI, captive portal
             | detection, etc, which is useful on some closed network
             | boxes (eg: some enterprises) but this will cause problems
             | if the machines are ever used on public/walled
             | garden/captive portal networks.
             | 
             | The biggest problem I've seen with this comes about where
             | captive portal detection is disabled, a user ends up on a
             | captive portal, tries to hit a website to satisfy the
             | portal, but due to most sites that normal users will try
             | being https these days can't get their session redirected
             | in order to display the portal, so they think "the internet
             | is broken". The NCSI/captive portal detection makes a point
             | of using HTTP so captive portal redirection can work
             | properly.
        
       | jakub_g wrote:
       | The annoying thing is that some MS programs detect internet
       | connectivity in their own ways (or do networking via some custom
       | network stack), that do not work properly. Each time I had a
       | proxy like Fiddler running, Outlook would think I'm offline.
       | Everything else worked fine.
        
       | password4321 wrote:
       | Anyone here who can explain how to force Hyper-V to use a
       | specific network adapter for the default switch?
       | 
       | I like that one because it provides NAT + DHCP, creating another
       | switch doesn't.
        
         | jeroenhd wrote:
         | You can manually configure the network adapters from the
         | Hyper-V UI. I don't know if you can set a priority order, but
         | you can definitely configure the interface Hyper-V uses for VM
         | network connectivity.
        
           | password4321 wrote:
           | Thanks for your reply.
           | 
           | In my experience it is a selectable option when creating a
           | new virtual switch but is not modifiable for the default.
           | 
           | I have my machine directly connected to my underpowered
           | Remote Desktop client via ethernet, and it always picks that
           | connection instead of the WiFi that actually has internet
           | until I disable ethernet (or maybe the virtual adapter
           | created on top of ethernet, I forget every month) and reboot.
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | I don't know if it solves your entire use case, but in
             | PowerShell you can change the interface metric number to
             | rearrange connection priorities
             | (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-US/windows-
             | server/networking/...). You have to watch out to pick the
             | right interface (Hyper-V takes over packet routing from
             | your real network adapter in many cases) but it may be
             | worth looking into. Higher metric number means lower
             | priority, so setting the bad connection to a metric of 100
             | and the real uplink to a metric of 5 may resolve your
             | problem.
             | 
             | In Windows 2000-8.1 the control panel GUI was the standard
             | way of accomplishing this, but in modern Windows 10/11 I
             | doubt Microsoft has the setting still accessible. There are
             | still guides out there with screenshots, though:
             | https://www.windowscentral.com/how-change-priority-order-
             | net...
             | 
             | The automatic metric detection system bases its decision on
             | network speed (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-
             | us/troubleshoot/windows-serve...) so virtual 10gbps
             | adapters can cause problems if you use a common network
             | adapter and the custom settings for Hyper-V and such get
             | messed up.
        
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