[HN Gopher] Map of the observable universe
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       Map of the observable universe
        
       Author : xd
       Score  : 227 points
       Date   : 2022-11-18 14:49 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (mapoftheuniverse.net)
 (TXT) w3m dump (mapoftheuniverse.net)
        
       | noradina wrote:
       | COOOOOOOOL!
        
       | u1tron wrote:
        
       | noradina wrote:
       | wow very interesting
        
       | revskill wrote:
       | Hope there's similar map of universe of all algebraic structures.
        
         | lgas wrote:
         | https://ncatlab.org/nlab/show/HomePage maybe?
        
       | bookofjoe wrote:
       | Where is the dark matter?
        
         | rodamaral wrote:
         | According to the main view, dark matter floats throughout the
         | galaxy (and outside) but is much more concentrated near the
         | center. A tiny amount is probably crossing your body right now,
         | but there's no way to feel it except for the minuscule
         | gravitational force coming out of nowhere.
        
         | svachalek wrote:
         | As I understand it, dark matter is loosely clumped around the
         | bright matter, held by gravity but otherwise not interacting
         | with it.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | CyborgCabbage wrote:
       | Why only 90 degrees?
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Well, we can't get a full 360 degrees because of the zone of
         | avoidance caused by the center of the milky way.
         | 
         | Also after a particular number of degrees it doesn't matter
         | quite so much, the universe is isotropic enough that looking in
         | any direction pretty much gives the same results.
        
           | glitcher wrote:
           | I suppose we only have one point of reference to make
           | observations from, but it feels a little strange how the
           | graphics tend to give a false sense of us being at the center
           | of the universe.
           | 
           | Would this graph essentially look the same if the
           | observations were made elsewhere, like way over near the
           | redshifted elliptical galaxies? Sometimes it's difficult to
           | wrap my mind around the combination of distance _and_ time
           | represented at these scales.
        
             | svachalek wrote:
             | Not a physicist but that's how I understand it, anywhere
             | you go in the visible universe should have a perspective
             | that looks more or less just like ours, as if they were at
             | the center. We can only see so far though, so someone a
             | billion light years from here would have a visible universe
             | that overlaps with ours like a Venn diagram, but would be
             | seeing things we can't. Who knows, maybe there's something
             | really interesting they could see that we cannot, like an
             | edge of the actual universe with nothing beyond?
        
             | Kaibeezy wrote:
             | I think it said right on the map that it's not only
             | essentially the same in all directions, it's pretty much
             | the same from any vantage point, since the distance makes
             | most of the difference in what would be seen.
        
             | rodamaral wrote:
             | We are the center of the Universe. Of our observable
             | universe, at least, by definition. And the total Universe
             | might be much bigger, potentially infinite [or even smaller
             | than the visible universe!]. Even if finite, the Universe
             | would have no center. It's different from a finite amount
             | of matter forming a sphere within an infinite grid, but
             | much like a spherical surface that has no center (the
             | sphere does, the surface does not).
             | 
             | > Would this graph essentially look the same if the
             | observations were made elsewhere
             | 
             | Yes, an alien in a very far away galaxy would see a similar
             | picture. If they are within a few billion light-years, they
             | would see a younger red-shifted Milky Way.
        
         | frankosaurus wrote:
         | > This map shows a slice of our Universe. It was created from
         | astronomical data taken night after night over a period of 15
         | years using a telescope in New Mexico, USA.
         | 
         | So, this is the slice that the telescope was observing.
        
       | brink wrote:
       | How complete is it?
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | according to the map itself, about 90deg
        
           | nuccy wrote:
           | Actually we cannot see far (other galaxies, early galaxies,
           | quasars) in some parts of the sky because we are in our own
           | galaxy plane [1], so stars, but mostly gas and dust between
           | them obscure significant portion of our field of view [2]. So
           | it is not flat 90 degrees, but roughly two cones with 90
           | degrees openings in Milky way's plane perpendicular
           | directions.
           | 
           | 1. https://scitechdaily.com/gaia-spacecraft-discovers-parts-
           | of-...
           | 
           | 2. https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/supporting-science/large-
           | sc...
        
             | dylan604 wrote:
             | In a few more millennia, our arm of the Milky Way will spin
             | around so that we are able to the other side. We should be
             | able to get some decent parallax measurements to distant
             | objects at that time as well.
        
         | dmbche wrote:
         | Neat! Does someone know why there is a band of white/blue
         | galaxies between the redshifted ones and the edge of the
         | universe? I would've assumed it kept getting redder!
        
           | nonfamous wrote:
           | Those are quasars (which are why they are bluer). Beyond a
           | certain distance galaxies become undetectable, but quasars
           | are much brighter.
        
       | cvak wrote:
       | Is there an actual 3d map like this?
        
       | markild wrote:
       | Reminds me of
       | https://hitchhikers.fandom.com/wiki/Total_Perspective_Vortex
        
         | brunoqc wrote:
         | I don't understand. Is that thing from fiction, real or both?
        
           | w4ffl35 wrote:
           | You should start here:
           | 
           | https://www.amazon.com/Complete-Hitchhikers-Guide-Galaxy-
           | Box...
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | dcwardell wrote:
       | I always appreciate content like this which is easy to digest but
       | still inspires awe in the universe around us.
       | 
       | Scrolling around the map and looking further and further back in
       | time reminded me of this Kurzgesagt video [0]. It's crazy to
       | think how much of the universe is lost to and unreachable by us.
       | 
       | Kurzgesagt has a lot of great content (even if it's a bit
       | cartoonish). I'm sure they get things wrong, but I feel like they
       | make an effort to research the topic first.
       | 
       | [0] https://youtu.be/uzkD5SeuwzM
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | I am a bit disappointed that they didn't mark where the alien
       | civilizations are currently living.
       | 
       | Also add-on feature would be nice to find some tribes on the map
       | that have either "scrolls of ancient wisdom" or a good chance of
       | a "an advanced tribe" I'm less interested in the "valuable metal
       | deposits worth 50" but that's far better than "unleashed a horde
       | of barbarians!" but I guess it's a gamble for every tribe you
       | find.
        
       | Mockapapella wrote:
       | I know I should be amazed by this, but whenever something like
       | this pops up I get just a little bit sombre. With everything
       | humans have accomplished, it still seems absolutely miniscule
       | when looking at the scale of everything out there. More so,
       | there's a sense of loneliness. Yes we have each other, but beyond
       | that? We're all we've got for now, maybe ever. I just wish I
       | could live long enough to know.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Potentially adding some somberness:
         | 
         | Feelings like somberness and loneliness only exist in your
         | mind, as a result of how evolution formed how our brains work.
         | It doesn't have any real meaning outside of our current
         | restraints. In fact, meaningfulness itself is a concept that
         | only exists within our minds.
         | 
         | That set aside, what I find more disappointing is how the speed
         | of light, the accelerating expansion of the universe, and the
         | inescapable increase of entropy place serious constraints on
         | anyone's future.
        
       | Ptchd wrote:
       | When I click the arrow to go down, it does nothing.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | fallingknife wrote:
       | > Beyond this distance, galaxies are harder to see. However, we
       | can still see quasars. They are much brighter and bluer.
       | 
       | But don't we have pictures of galaxies going back to the earliest
       | universe? I thought that JWST is specifically made to image them.
        
       | aizyuval wrote:
       | Awesome! Loved it! Simple and so fascinating.
        
       | sigmoid10 wrote:
       | Nice visualisation, but the explanations contain a bunch of
       | mistakes. The cosmic microwave background is not "the first flash
       | of radiation" after the big bang (which would've been much
       | earlier), it is the "wall" of _last_ scattering before the
       | universe became transparent enough. And its distance is also not
       | limited by light travel distance within the age of the universe
       | (13.7Gly) but by its rate of expansion, resulting in an actual
       | distance closer to 40Gly.
        
         | DiogenesKynikos wrote:
         | Indeed, the Cosmic Microwave Background is the light that's
         | still left over from a time when the Universe was much hotter
         | and filled with plasma. At a certain point, the Universe cooled
         | down enough to become neutral, which made it mostly
         | transparent, and allowed the photons that had been bouncing
         | around in the plasma to travel indefinitely.
         | 
         | > its distance is also not limited by light travel distance
         | 
         | At cosmological scales, there is no single, correct definition
         | of "distance." There is coordinate distance, light travel
         | distance, angular diameter distance, luminosity distance, and
         | other measures.[0] All these distances are the same at very
         | small scales, but when you start looking at larger scales,
         | General Relativity starts to matter and the geometry of the
         | Universe is no longer Euclidean.
         | 
         | 0. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distance_measure
        
           | dimator wrote:
           | wow, your last paragraph filled a little empty gap in my
           | brain, thank you!
        
           | sigmoid10 wrote:
           | On a global scale, the universe as a whole is actually
           | remarkably close to euclidean [1] (which is a mystery of its
           | own). So it's not curvature that's the problem, but
           | expansion. To account for this, people usually quote the
           | _comoving_ distance [2] (which factors out expansion) when
           | talking about very distant things like the microwave
           | background. I.e. the distance light would have to travel
           | today if you could freeze the evolution of the universe for
           | the duration of the journey.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shape_of_the_universe
           | 
           | [2] see your own source
        
         | wrycoder wrote:
         | And it's not an "actual photograph" LOL.
        
       | xbryanx wrote:
       | Explain it to me like I'm five:
       | 
       | Why can we only see 90deg of the sky?
       | 
       | I look at the map at the bottom of the page and wonder why it
       | isn't a circle. I'm obviously missing a key concept.
        
         | tremon wrote:
         | Not sure if this answers your question, but from the
         | description tab, under "What is this map?"
         | 
         |  _The full map is actually a sphere. This visualization shows a
         | thin slice of the Universe. Its thickness is about 10 degrees.
         | More astronomical data is available but it is not possible to
         | show all of it at once on a 2D map. The image would be
         | completely saturated with dots._
         | 
         | It actually visualizes the slice depicted on the main page as a
         | 3D rotation. I would struggle to explain the concept of arc
         | slicing to a five-year-old though.
        
           | legohead wrote:
           | > Its thickness is about 10 degrees.
           | 
           | Does that mean their slice is only 1/36th of the whole
           | picture?
        
             | tremon wrote:
             | It's 1/72nd of the celestial sphere I think, since a single
             | rotation gives you the east and west views in full, but due
             | to the 90deg field of view, you need to repeat that
             | rotation in the north-south direction to cover the entire
             | sphere.
        
       | lagrange77 wrote:
       | Wonderful
        
       | TheRealPomax wrote:
       | "Map of the Observable Universe" (big difference, and the actual
       | title on the page itself)
        
         | pseidemann wrote:
         | The biggest difference in existence.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Ok, we've made the universe observable in the title above.
         | Thanks!
        
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       (page generated 2022-11-18 23:00 UTC)