[HN Gopher] Is this the end of crypto?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Is this the end of crypto?
        
       Author : edward
       Score  : 136 points
       Date   : 2022-11-17 16:31 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.economist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.economist.com)
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | China has shut down every crypto asset activity in China that
       | they can find.[1] The hammer came down in 2021. Mining farms had
       | their power cut, and several hundred people were arrested.
       | (There's a "digital yuan", but that's a payment system run by the
       | People's Bank of China.) So a big part of the world has already
       | ended crypto as an asset class.
       | 
       | [1] https://coinpedia.org/cryptocurrency-
       | regulation/cryptocurren...
        
         | hellotomyrars wrote:
         | I think this is a major contributing factor in why crypto isn't
         | going to work.
        
           | web3isgoing wrote:
           | I can't think of anything else that China is attempting to
           | restrict that the rest of the developed world is open to.
           | 
           | Edit: perhaps need a /s tag here.
        
             | lend000 wrote:
             | Being an Uyghur? Freedom of speech? Encryption? The
             | coronavirus (still)?
        
               | j0hnyl wrote:
               | I believe that was sarcasm.
        
         | Taylor_OD wrote:
         | Isnt this just one of those headlines that isnt really true
         | though? Like that China banned video games for kids?
         | 
         | From the same comic sansesk article you posted:
         | 
         | "Even though crypto-mining cracked down in China many miners
         | have come out with several ways to continue the operations and
         | escape detection. Twenty percent of the bitcoin network remains
         | in China according to experts' report."
         | 
         | Doesnt exactly seem like they have ended crypto if 20% of the
         | bitcoin network remains there. It sounds like they cracked down
         | on some and let others keep running.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | It's not clear that the mining is still in China. It may look
           | like mining is in China based on where new Bitcoins enter the
           | network, but the mining farm may be elsewhere with the
           | control hub still in China. Or the mining may have moved to
           | other provinces. The big crackdown was at the provincial
           | level, where the electrical load was substantial.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.cnbc.com/2022/05/18/china-is-second-biggest-
           | bitc...
        
         | karaterobot wrote:
         | I'm not convinced by this without some additional context.
         | 
         | China has banned a lot of things that continue to exist outside
         | China. For example, gambling is officially banned in China. Yet
         | we wouldn't predict the end of gambling worldwide as a result,
         | since we don't think of gambling as being dependent on China.
         | Is there reason to believe cryptocurrency is?
        
       | zeruch wrote:
       | No.
        
       | mig39 wrote:
       | No.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betteridge%27s_law_of_headline...
       | 
       | "Any headline that ends in a question mark can be answered by the
       | word no."
        
       | g42gregory wrote:
       | Very interesting. When people begin to ask questions like "Is
       | this the end of X?", is it the time to buy X? Are we at the
       | crypto's bottom yet? The equity market does not seem to have
       | fallen through yet, and I fear that it may affect crypto (and
       | everything else) further. Any thoughts?
        
       | rafaelero wrote:
       | Bitcoin won't die. Crypto will, and hopefully soon. The community
       | here is so oblivious to the characteristics that make Bitcoin the
       | best monetary system we could have invented that I can only
       | believe people haven't really thought things through. That's why
       | we see these comparisons with Bitcoin and other cryptos. I am
       | actually glad all this mess is happening so we can finally move
       | on with all those crypto scams that want to confuse people by
       | walking in the shadow of the true innovation.
        
         | boring_twenties wrote:
         | Bitcoin has been obsolete since 2014 -- Monero is superior in
         | every single way.
        
         | drchopchop wrote:
         | A blockchain that can barely manage seven transactions per
         | second is the "best monetary system we could have invented"?
        
           | rafaelero wrote:
           | Fedwire manages similar amount per second, yet it is the
           | basis of the current monetary system. Can you use your head
           | to think why and how?
        
         | benlivengood wrote:
         | I am always curious when I hear sentiments like this. Why is
         | BCH better than BTC as a monetary system? Is it the historical
         | choice of larger block sizes to support currency transactions
         | or the relative stability in USD compared to BTC?
        
         | ganksalot wrote:
         | > The community here is so oblivious to the characteristics
         | that make Bitcoin the best monetary system we could have
         | invented that I can only believe people haven't really thought
         | things through.
         | 
         | is this satire?
        
           | DJBunnies wrote:
           | No, it's true, this place has a difficult time seeing nuance
           | between bitcoin and crypto.
        
             | Balgair wrote:
             | Ok, I'll bite.
             | 
             | Give me the elevator pitch. I'm not in tech [0] so treat me
             | as you would a grandmother. Average speaking speed is ~150
             | words/minute. Say the average elevator ride is ~30 seconds.
             | So, in ~75 words, tell me what the nuance is as you would
             | say to a grandmother? That fair?
             | 
             | To be clear, I'm honestly not trying to be snarky. Sorry if
             | it comes off that way. I can only multitask through this
             | meeting so well.
             | 
             | [0] I'm in biotech, so I can hang with you all and be a
             | hacky programmer, but most in depth discussion go over my
             | head.
        
               | rafaelero wrote:
               | Let me try.
               | 
               | If you were to create the best monetary system, how would
               | it be? The answer to that is a system with a policy that
               | simply doesn't change. That's the best system because
               | predictability is the only quality that matters when you
               | are storing value. The best governments in the world try
               | their best to achieve that, but they always fail. How
               | then can we achieve that? With decentralization. That's a
               | very expensive, inefficient and slow way to go about
               | things. But it is all that matters if we want to build a
               | sane monetary system, which doesn't allow anyone to
               | change its emission rate. No "crypto" achieves that same
               | trust we all have about the decentralized quality of
               | Bitcoin. That's why they don't matter.
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | thanks!
        
       | mjburgess wrote:
       | This is just such an awful betrayal of their mission. The
       | Economist _should_ know better, and everyone I have spoken to
       | which is senior in their readership _does_ know better. This is
       | still a pro-crypto-scam article.
       | 
       | They repeat the same scam-artist lies, crypto is somehow an
       | innovation in "trust", somehow more "efficient" than existing
       | infrastructure, somehow "smart contracts" are more reliable than
       | actual contracts. Things "become possible".
       | 
       | How can an article like this, at the moment the Emporer's clothes
       | start to fall off, be written? _By the economist_.
       | 
       | It is just as-if homeopathy falls away and The Lancest is still
       | interested in "innovations in water science"! This is, in my
       | view, genuinely unconscionable.
       | 
       | The problems blockchains solves are highly academic csci issues
       | around "trust" and "programming" in absurdly distributed systems.
       | They have nothing to do with trust, risk, contracts, ownership or
       | rights in anything like an economic, political or moral sense.
       | 
       | Repeating these lies _now_ is such an awful betrayal of their
       | obligations to their readers. They should be the ones informing
       | the public on the actual economic meaning of these terms, and not
       | participating in trying to keep the flame of these pyramid
       | schemes alive.
       | 
       | EDIT: since the article is paywalled, consider the following
       | quote:
       | 
       | > Amid the wreckage of the past week, it is worth remembering the
       | technology's underlying potential. Conventional banking requires
       | a vast infrastructure to maintain trust between strangers. This
       | is expensive and is often captured by insiders who take a cut.
       | Public blockchains, by contrast, are built on a network of
       | computers, making their transactions transparent and, in theory,
       | trustworthy. Interoperable, open-source functions can be built on
       | top of them, including self-executing smart contracts that are
       | guaranteed to function as written. A system of tokens, and rules
       | governing them, can collectively offer a clever way to
       | incentivise open-source contributors. And arrangements that would
       | be expensive or impractical to enforce in the real world become
       | possible--allowing artists to retain a stake in the profits from
       | the resale of their digital works, for instance.
       | 
       | For this to appear in a serious article on crypto outside of the
       | scamming community is outrageous. The economist here is repeating
       | a fraud.
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | I'm sorry but no one in their right mind will come away from
         | this article thinking that this is a "pro-crypto-scam" article.
         | The article is actually very critical.
         | 
         | > The problems blockchains solves are highly academic csci
         | issues around "trust" and "programming" in absurdly distributed
         | systems. They have nothing to do with trust, risk, contracts,
         | ownership or rights in anything like an economic, political or
         | moral sense.
         | 
         | It's hard to understand what you mean here. The whole
         | innovation behind Bitcoin is to eliminate the need for trust in
         | a centralized entity. This is not controversial at all and
         | claiming otherwise, or even worse, that it's a "lie", deserves
         | some elaboration...
        
           | efficax wrote:
           | imagine you have a smart contract that says A promises to pay
           | B X when they complete task Y. If task Y is not representable
           | on-chain, how do you execute the contract? How do you certify
           | that the thing Y was done exactly as expected? There are very
           | few meaningful things that you could slot in for Y that would
           | not require some kind of out-of-chain verification. Say B
           | says I did Y and A says, sorry, you didn't. How does B get
           | their money, etc. They need courts, notaries, trusted
           | fiduciaries. At which point, why did you have a smart
           | contract anyway?
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | > The whole innovation behind Bitcoin is to eliminate the
           | need for trust in a centralized entity
           | 
           | Err, nope. That's the scam.
           | 
           | A blockchain is a kind of database which requires no single
           | machine to be nominated as the single-source-of-truth. _that
           | 's it_.
           | 
           | This has nothing to do with centralisation, power, trust, or
           | anything of that kind.
           | 
           | The sense of "centralisation" in blockchain means computer
           | network centralisation, as in how one connects databases. And
           | "trust" in the sense that entries in that database are
           | "reliable" in some academic sense.
           | 
           | This has absolutely nothing to do with eliminating the need
           | for "trust in centralised entities" -- such a claim is not
           | only absurd, but the premise of a scam. A scam which
           | continues to be perpetrated. And this article participates.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | If "eliminating the need for trust in centralised entities"
             | is an absurd claim and a lie, then it follows that there
             | exists a centralized entity you need to trust to use
             | Bitcoin. What is that centralized entity?
             | 
             | PS: When people say that Bitcoin is decentralized, they
             | also mean it in the colloquial sense, not only in the CS
             | academic jargon. Entities like PayPal or the Federal
             | Reserve Bank are centralized and require trust. They have
             | to be run by trusted people. In contrast, Bitcoin isn't run
             | by anyone. It is governed by a protocol which is mostly set
             | in stone. No centralized party can suddenly decide to
             | "print" more Bitcoin or freeze accounts. This is what
             | people mean.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | No, that doesnt follow.
               | 
               | But in any case, what is "using" bitcoin?
               | 
               | Is it purchasing bitcoin? ...how do I do that? I'd need
               | to rely on the two mining companies, right? And the
               | exchanges? Or not?
               | 
               | And can I use bitcoin as currency in any shop? No? If I
               | could, I'd be relying on the state to provide the same
               | rights behind all economic transactions to enable, that
               | right?
               | 
               | And what happens if the handful of "wales" decide to off-
               | load their coins in the middle of my negotiation when I'm
               | buying my tesla... suddenly, all my deflationary currency
               | has been magically radically inflated by a cabal of SV
               | billionaires.
               | 
               | Money isnt the kind of thing that "centralisation" even
               | applies to in any coherent sense. If BTC is suppose to be
               | money, then it's supposed to be a system for book-keeping
               | aggregate promises across the global collective of human
               | beings.
               | 
               | The value of money, it's "use" in any sense, is subject
               | to provision of economic systems by central authorities,
               | and subject to wild forces of decentralisation and
               | centralisation.
               | 
               | The networking sense of "centralisation" which applies to
               | blockchain is _a pun_. It 's irrelevant. It has nothing
               | to do with any of this. It could be called, "wide-
               | broadcast machine signalling"
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | > But in any case, what is "using" bitcoin?
               | 
               | > Is it purchasing bitcoin? ...how do I do that? I'd need
               | to rely on the two mining companies, right? And the
               | exchanges? Or not?
               | 
               | Transacting on the Bitcoin network: sending BTC from one
               | party to another. There are more than two mining
               | companies, otherwise Bitcoin's security model fails (see
               | 51% attack). Of course, centralized exchanges are...
               | centralized.
               | 
               | > And can I use bitcoin as currency in any shop? No? If I
               | could, I'd be relying on the state to provide the same
               | rights behind all economic transactions to enable, that
               | right?
               | 
               | When people say that Bitcoin doesn't require trust, they
               | don't mean that nothing requires trust anymore. They just
               | mean that they don't have to trust a centralized party to
               | run the Bitcoin network, because there is no such entity.
               | 
               | Beyond that, you indeed still need to trust the people
               | you transact with or trust that you will be able to sue
               | them if they scam you, etc.
               | 
               | > And what happens if the handful of "wales" decide to
               | off-load their coins in the middle of my negotiation when
               | I'm buying my tesla... suddenly, all my deflationary
               | currency has been magically radically inflated by a cabal
               | of SV billionaires.
               | 
               | Yes.
               | 
               | > Money isnt the kind of thing that "centralisation" even
               | applies to in any coherent sense.
               | 
               | Yes it is. Even before Bitcoin, (de)centralization was
               | used to contrast fiat money vs commodity money.
               | 
               | > The value of money, it's "use" in any sense, is subject
               | to provision of economic systems by central authorities,
               | and subject to wild forces of decentralisation and
               | centralisation.
               | 
               | Yes. There is a risk that the use of Bitcoin could be
               | outlawed by some governments, although it would be
               | difficult to enforce in practice.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | We are largely in agreement as you concede my points. But
               | you want to retain this word as applied, eg., to bitcoin.
               | 
               | The sound of rain falling is neither "centralised" nor
               | "decentralised". It isnt the kind of thing which could be
               | either *in the relevant sense of the word*.
               | 
               | When we talk about centralisation in economics and
               | politics we arent talking about where databases are.
               | 
               | Bitcoin is as centralised *a system* as any which exist,
               | and much much more so than paper money.
               | 
               | This idea that you can send a signal betweeen two
               | machines you own and make some changes to your wallet is
               | a gross misdirection.
               | 
               | That has nothing to do with any of the value props of
               | crypto. It has no economic or political meaning. It's
               | purely a technical property of the technology.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | > We are largely in agreement as you concede my points.
               | 
               | Concede would mean that I changed my mind. I didn't. You
               | said some true things but which are irrelevant to your
               | original claim.
               | 
               | > When we talk about centralisation in economics and
               | politics we arent talking about where databases are.
               | 
               | Perfectly agree (as I thought I had made abundantly clear
               | in my previous comments). I'm sure for example that
               | Paypal has databases all over the world and yet it is not
               | "decentralized" in this context (in the
               | economical/political sense).
               | 
               | Centralization in this context refers to who is in
               | charge. A centralized economy is one that is managed by
               | centralized planners. A _central_ bank has central
               | bankers in control. Paypal has executives in control.
               | There is no centralized entity that controls Bitcoin.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | Central banks only "control" money in the sense that they
               | have been granted the exclusive monopoly by the state to
               | provide banks with it (and so on).
               | 
               | The state has not taken any view, yet, on who should have
               | such a monopoly on crypto; but they can. Defacto
               | monopolies exist in the form of the two mining companies.
               | 
               | This is all extrinsic to crypto.
               | 
               | Likewise, literally printing paper money is
               | "decentralised". There's nothing about the present
               | technology of "fiat" money any more or less
               | "decentralised".
               | 
               | What you're talking about is how the state grants
               | monopolies. And, as far as that's concerned, crypto will
               | not fair well in that regard -- not at all!
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | I see you've reduced your position from "Bitcoin is a
               | scam" to "Bitcoin has some potential vulnerabilities".
               | 
               | The 51% attack vulnerability is a well-known risk. It was
               | described in Satoshi Nakamoto's white paper. In practice,
               | it is highly unlikely due to many reasons which I won't
               | elaborate here but I there's a lot of material about it
               | online.
               | 
               | As long as there is more than one government, no one
               | government can take control over Bitcoin. They can
               | possibly outlaw its use within their own borders (with
               | difficulty).
        
         | AtlasBarfed wrote:
         | The Economist represents a world viewpoint from the days of the
         | United Kingdom: as in a small island nation with a monarchy
         | exerting centralized economic control over a vast worldwide
         | imperial empire.
         | 
         | Why would they like cryptocurrency in any way, unless the Bank
         | of England had monopolistic control over it?
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | You've misread my comment.
           | 
           | I'm angry that they're repeating pro-cypto ideology. If you
           | read the article, they do not want gov control. They want the
           | scams to play out.
           | 
           | I expect better from the economist. It shares a readership
           | with the FT, and the FT has not fallen victim to this
           | hysteria.
        
         | logicalmonster wrote:
         | > They repeat the same scam-artist lies, crypto is somehow an
         | innovation in "trust", somehow more "efficient" than existing
         | infrastructure, somehow "smart contracts" are more reliable
         | than actual contracts. Things "become possible".
         | 
         | I can't read the article through the paywall to read any
         | clarification on these points, but some of what you mentioned
         | in that list above is arguably true.
         | 
         | * Say what you will about crypto, but it is an unbelievable
         | accounting invention and innovation in trust. Crypto the
         | technology is distinct from centralized exchanges.
         | 
         | * In terms of electricity usage and transaction speed, most
         | crypto might not be very efficient (yet), but what efficiency
         | are they talking about? If crypto-adoption can replace many
         | bankers and finance employees because the network automatically
         | does a lot of their day-to-day tasks, then there's an argument
         | that crypto is highly efficient in some areas.
         | 
         | * Are smart contracts more reliable than traditional contracts?
         | Well, that's highly debatable: you have the existing legal
         | system that can sometimes be used to enforce contracts, but not
         | always. But if the conditions of a smart contract are met,
         | there's probably no conceivable force on Earth short of either
         | a gargantuan cyberattack or the electricity going down network-
         | wide that can stop it from executing. Sure, you might argue
         | that smart contracts have numerous potential flaws (unreliable
         | data, bugs in the contract, no possibility of rollback, etc)
         | but there are good counterpoints, improvements in these areas,
         | and some similar flaws in existing contracts. For instance:
         | people intentionally cheat on traditional contracts all of the
         | time and just dare others to sue: that's much harder with smart
         | contracts that automatically execute once the agreed upon
         | conditions are met.
        
       | Laaas wrote:
       | The mainstream response to this debacle is a bit
       | incomprehensible.
       | 
       | FTX was the antithesis of cryptocurrency; it was a centralised
       | exchange, that was also trying to become a bank, and was AFAICT
       | trying to kill DeFi [0].
       | 
       | The failure/success of FTX has no relation to the soundness of
       | cryptocurrency. I do however hope that this crash means fewer
       | people will speculate on the prices such that it can finally
       | stabilise a bit (and be useful without using stablecoins).
       | 
       | [0] https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2022/11/15/the-sbf-bill-
       | what...
        
         | jahewson wrote:
         | Cryptocurrency is the antithesis of cryptocurrency.
        
         | Victerius wrote:
         | > FTX was the antithesis of cryptocurrency
         | 
         | No true scotsman. "The USSR wasn't real communism."
         | 
         | What cryptocurrency could be or should be in an ideal world is
         | irrelevant. If cryptocurrency fails to live up to its ideals,
         | it may be because these ideals are impossible to fulfill. That
         | could be due to technological limitations, human nature, or
         | something else. And in this case, we have no choice but to
         | judge crypto for what it looks like in the world of today.
         | 
         | What matters is what cryptocurrency looks like in practice. And
         | that is FTX, Mt Gox, Three Arrows, and others.
         | 
         | Crypto isn't sound enough to have mass adoption.
         | 
         | The USSR was real communism. And FTX is crypto principles at
         | work.
        
           | whatwherewhy wrote:
           | I'm a user of Bitcoin and I never used any exchange.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | Okay, pray tell, how do you buy bitcoin?
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | From people around me, in person.
        
             | chrstphrknwtn wrote:
             | Ah, that settles it then.
        
             | frereubu wrote:
             | That's irrelevant to the comment you're responding to. The
             | point is that there may be people who use it rationally,
             | but how it works in the real world now that it's leaking
             | out beyond its initial user base is getting really
             | problematic.
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | It works in real world without any exchanges. All of them
               | could crash and burn and Bitcoin would continue on.
        
               | Victerius wrote:
               | Sure, for the 2,000 people who use it without exchanges.
               | (made up number)
        
             | colesantiago wrote:
             | So when are you going to sell your Bitcoin when it goes to
             | $5K or more realistically less than $5K?
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | I don't hold Bitcoin. I use it for cross-continent
               | transactions.
        
               | Victerius wrote:
               | Why do you need to send money across continents?
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | I pay for software engineering work done in Africa and
               | sometimes South-East Asia.
        
               | colesantiago wrote:
               | You do realise this is nothing new and you can use
               | TransferWise, MPesa or PayTM for this right?
               | 
               | Bitcoin is slower than all this and violently fluctuates
               | which loses people's money quickly. People also need to
               | pay their bills in fiat anyway so whoever is receiving
               | the Bitcoin needs to cash out to fiat anyway.
               | 
               | At that point you might as well just use fiat instead.
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | All of these options you listed are significantly more
               | expensive, and some of the contractors I work with don't
               | even have that option due to KYC requirements - these
               | people don't have access to functioning governments, they
               | don't have passports. Also, most of my contractors don't
               | use/have bank accounts (because where they live it costs
               | money to have one) - so no way to take out the money if
               | they used these services.
               | 
               | I did this dance at least 100 times and never ever had a
               | problem with price fluctuation. Bitcoin is pretty stable
               | on a 3-day timeframe.
        
             | certifiedloud wrote:
             | Genuine question: How do you use it? Do you mean you use it
             | to make purchases, or do you mean you hold it as a store of
             | value, and that's the use? Something else?
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | I don't hold Bitcoin. I use it for cross-continent
               | transactions. I buy it from people in my city using a
               | local FB group or (way in the past) Localbitcoins.com and
               | then send it to the recipient. They usually use
               | Localbitcoins to convert it to their own currency AFAIK.
               | The fees (transfer and exchange) are much lower this way
               | - usually less than 0.5% all things considered. Compared
               | to $100+ fee to just transfer the money + 5-10% currency
               | exchange fee (both my and the recipient's currency aren't
               | the most well known).
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | To get that rate, how much do you have to send in one
               | batch?
               | 
               | Just obtaining Bitcoin is expensive unless you have a
               | high trust off-chain method to prevent double-spending.
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | I'm usually sending around $500-$1000 once every 2-3
               | months (per contractor - I work with multiple).
        
               | certifiedloud wrote:
               | How long does it take for a typical transaction to
               | finalize?
        
               | whatwherewhy wrote:
               | 2 days - I get the BTC around noon, transfer it
               | immediately, in the evening I get a confirmation from the
               | recipient that they got it, and then I see them transfer
               | it to someone the second day. Sometimes it's just 1 day.
        
           | pa7x1 wrote:
           | I get the point and I can understand how it can feel like
           | that from the outside. But the same people that are saying
           | that FTX is not crypto now, were saying it before and same
           | applies to Coinbase, Kraken, Binance... Luna and Terra were
           | crypto, though, economically unsound design with Ponzi
           | economics but crypto. And the litmus test is actually super
           | simple and foolproof. Does whatever you are doing settle a
           | transaction in a public, tamper-resistant ledger that is
           | cryptographically verifiable? FTX business and operations
           | does not involve such a thing. It's a traditional
           | corporation, established in the Bahamas, running some
           | SQL/noSQL DB or perhaps more likely paper napkins as a system
           | of record... And as such was vulnerable to the same kind of
           | abuses that have plagued financial fraud forever.
           | 
           | Here is actual projects that are implemented in a blockchain:
           | 
           | - A exchange, e.g. Uniswap: https://uniswap.org/
           | 
           | Here is a smart contract that executes its transactions: http
           | s://etherscan.io/address/0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c...
           | 
           | You can see the transactions live. You can see the code that
           | runs this exchange: https://etherscan.io/address/0x68b3465833
           | fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c...
           | 
           | - Lending and borrowing, e.g. Aave: https://aave.com/
           | 
           | - Decentralized staking, e.g. RocketPool:
           | https://rocketpool.net ...
           | 
           | Nothing of this has failed. It's working 24/7 without
           | maintenance windows. Everything is on-chain, publicly
           | verifiable, automated and involves no humans.
        
           | rhn_mk1 wrote:
           | This is a silly criticism, as long as the concepts of
           | "cryptocurrency as a decentralized idea" and "cryptocurrency
           | as many people use it in practice" are described by a single
           | word.
           | 
           | If the article is correct about "practicurrency", then you're
           | responding to someone saying that it won't affect
           | "decencurrency". One of them is indeed not a Scotsman. All
           | you're saying is that the word has more than one definition
           | for two wildly different things.
        
             | Victerius wrote:
             | It is impossible for a monetary system to be decentralized,
             | safe, and have mass adoption. Because security requires
             | either inconvenience or centralization, and inconvenience
             | is a hard barrier to mass adoption.
        
           | redox99 wrote:
           | It's not "no true scotsman".
           | 
           | People here did not own any crypto. It's a simple fact, not
           | some nebulous idea of what is or isn't communism. People gave
           | money to fraudsters, who said "give us money and we'll hold
           | crypto on your behalf", but FTX didn't actually have that
           | crypto. They just ran with the money.
        
         | godzillabrennus wrote:
         | I love the irrational optimism you have for this solution in
         | search of a problem.
        
         | tyree731 wrote:
         | Soundness of the technology? No. People's willingness to use
         | it? Absolutely.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jmull wrote:
         | > FTX was the antithesis of cryptocurrency
         | 
         | Not really.
         | 
         | The narrative around crypto sells the _idea_ of
         | decentralization but doesn 't deliver.
         | 
         | (1) Put money into anything and people will show up to try to
         | get as much as they can. That is: _money is a centralizing
         | force_.
         | 
         | (2) Crypto, the technology, doesn't have a mechanism in place
         | to resist centralization -- one person or entity can own as
         | much as they can get their hands on.
         | 
         | Just (1) and (2) means centralization is built-in to crypto.
         | 
         | There are some accelerants too, though:
         | 
         | (3) Crypto resists regulation. What people think of as the
         | decentralized nature of crypto is actually about resisting
         | intervention by external parties. Obviously, that can be good,
         | but also lets people buy, sell, trade, borrow, accumulate
         | crypto without limits.
         | 
         | (4) Crypto is confusing. I think this lets people believe the
         | things about crypto they want to believe, leading the the
         | wildly optimistic narratives around it.
         | 
         | As long as there is money in crypto, you will see the same
         | thing keep happening: money goes in, crypto moves around, for a
         | while everything seems to be following the narrative, then,
         | suddenly, the money is gone, the crypto is gone or worthless
         | and we have some more threads about it on HN.
        
         | jimcavel888 wrote:
        
         | jonathanstrange wrote:
         | Can I still have a local crypto wallet on my hard disk that
         | contains my bitcoins and transfer coins to it from exchanges or
         | when people pay me?
        
           | jimpudar wrote:
           | The short answer is yes, but your question implies a
           | fundamental misunderstanding of Bitcoin and blockchains. The
           | coins do not exist "in your wallet" - the wallet just holds
           | your keys that prove you own some of the coins visible to
           | everybody on the public blockchain.
           | 
           | If you want a really great learning aid, search for "Island
           | of Yap Blockchain" and read any of the million articles about
           | it.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Yes, and a dollar bill in my pocket isn't money, just a
             | taxpaying scrip that can be used as an IOU with people who
             | are interested in taxpaying scrip.
        
         | kojeovo wrote:
         | Aren't basically all of crypto transactions facilitated by
         | centralized exchanges? Why is FTX alone the antithesis?
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | No, decentralized exchanges have had more volume and
           | liquidity than centralized exchanges for 2 years.
        
             | kojeovo wrote:
             | Cuz of NFTs?
        
               | yieldcrv wrote:
               | Not because of NFTs, people that chose to learn how to
               | use crypto natively find it easier, faster and less of a
               | hassle, than the people that chose to say these are
               | insurmountable barriers to adoption and stick with those
               | custodial exchanges
               | 
               | Just like with general computer use, after a certain
               | point people can't blame the user experience on their own
               | incompetence
        
           | wollsmoth wrote:
           | Probably most of the ones exchanging fiat for cryptocurrency.
           | But you can use defi if you want to swap crypto for crypto,
           | and you can always send direct to buy something, although
           | most merchants probably immediately convert to fiat using an
           | exchange.
        
           | sschueller wrote:
           | No, you can trade crypto on a decentralized exchange like a
           | token trading contract on ethereum. You do have the risk of
           | bugs in the code or poorly coded contracts with backdoor but
           | the code is public.
        
             | kojeovo wrote:
             | You can but what % are on those? Less than 1?
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Backdoors aren't poorly coded, they are well coded but
             | malicious.
        
         | Nursie wrote:
         | It was everything cryptocurrency - flim-flam, inflated values,
         | the whole thing being based on hot air, technological pipe-
         | dreams and unrealistic ideals.
         | 
         | Like it or not, this is the cryptocurrency ecosystem, and it
         | has _everything_ to do with cryptocurrency being an unregulated
         | wild west of dodgy finance, scams and fraud. Cryptocurrency has
         | enabled this stuff.
         | 
         | You might not like that this is where it's gone, but it is a
         | direct consequence of the ideals of unregulated 'money'. The
         | scammers and the chancers move in, because why wouldn't they?
         | Create a system that is resistant to regulation and open to so
         | much exploitation and they will exploit.
         | 
         | The problem with hoping for stable valuations is that very,
         | very few people are interested in that, because they can't get
         | rich off it. I too hope that all of this crap dies and
         | cryptocurrency goes back to being a handful of cypherpunks
         | swapping tokens around, because at that point the great ripoff
         | and fraud on the general public will have come to an end.
         | 
         | Let's regulate all this the fuck out of existence. Sounds like
         | everyone will be happy.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | To be clear, Bitcoin was never meant as _unregulated_ money,
           | it was meant as an _non-manipulatable supply_ of money.
           | Nothing in Bitcoin is incompatible with government regulation
           | of your computers or behavior.
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | awfully convenient how SBF was highly connected to the current
         | leaders of the Federal Reserve and SEC and all this went down
         | right as they are pushing for a Central Bank backed digital
         | currency and gives them the perfect excuse to try and kill off
         | actual crypto
         | 
         | thesis-antithesis-synthesis
        
           | jjgreen wrote:
           | This place needs more dialectics
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Now do Terra/Luna and every other crypto project that imloded
           | the same way. It's not a conspiracy if everyone around the
           | world is doing the same thing.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | mjburgess wrote:
         | It is the ray of light which exposes the ideological con taking
         | place: trust between machines isnt trust in an economic sense.
         | Centralisation of power has nothing to do with computer network
         | decentralisation.
         | 
         | The scam here is, at first, ideological. There's a techbro-
         | libertarian wordplay taking place which must be exposed. The
         | blockchain has nothing to offer "trust", "contracts", "rights",
         | "rewards". Nothing.
         | 
         | And _much worse than this_ , it makes all of the existing
         | problems with these "in western society" _worse_.
         | 
         | What every single major "crypto" project exposes is the radical
         | disconnect between building functioning social economic
         | institutions and programming "on the chain".
         | 
         | ie., what their collapse shows is that the emporer has no
         | clothes.
         | 
         | When this sinks in, that all we were ever talking about is a
         | stupid append-only log, *then*, hopefully everything else falls
         | away.
         | 
         | As in, the homeopathic vial was only ever water, all along.
        
           | mechanical_bear wrote:
           | I think you should get a basic understanding of the
           | technology if you are going to comment on it.
        
             | mjburgess wrote:
             | Ah! I really don't get the idea of a distributed immutable
             | append-only log which is reproduced on all clients and
             | whose integrity is cryptographically guaranteed by
             | recomputing hashes on each append.
             | 
             | Nor do I understand anything at all about systems of power,
             | accountability, the political intuitions of the state and
             | the economy. I've no idea how central banks regulate the
             | supply of money; i'm totally at a loss as to how trust in
             | the ability for people to keep their promises is the
             | guarantor of the value of money. I'm bamboozled by
             | financial risk, and have no idea how productive economic
             | systems create value by taking bets on economically
             | productive activity.
             | 
             | Rather, I'm a rube. I've been told that when you plug
             | computers together and copy-paste cryptographic ledgers
             | then we can get rid of The Fed. So that's what I choose to
             | believe.
        
               | mechanical_bear wrote:
               | Well, in the end, at least you admit it. -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | You realise, I'm being sarcastic...
               | 
               | I was playing the part of a crypto-advocate who doesnt
               | know any of those things, and so thinks that a database
               | is going to solve questions about the design of political
               | and economic institutions.
               | 
               | It's a genuinely profoundly misinformed view, exploited
               | by scammers. It's so egregiously misformed it's
               | popularity is incomprehensible.
               | 
               | It's a lot like those on the far-left who think all world
               | problems can be solved by taxing a few billionaires. An
               | ideological fantasy.
        
               | mechanical_bear wrote:
               | Yes...and you do realize that I was being sarcastic in
               | turn? Sheesh. You are not doing yourself any favors.
        
         | pixel_tracing wrote:
         | The big issue is that soundness of technology is great and all
         | but money at the end of the day depends on social factors and
         | practicality (not smart contracts, immutable transactions,
         | merkle trees, etc.)
        
         | stephc_int13 wrote:
         | This sounds a bit like the "no true scotsman".
        
       | tb_technical wrote:
       | No, not really.
       | 
       | But we have to be honest with ourselves. Crypto failed.
       | 
       | It was supposed to allow people to make transactions without
       | trusted institutions, and the manipulations of the Federal
       | Reserve.
       | 
       | Unfortunately it's been subverted as a security.
        
       | nathias wrote:
       | > FTX has dealt a catastrophic blow to crypto's reputation
       | 
       | I've been in crypto since 2013 and people have been insulting
       | crypto and everyone in it as scammers, I'm not sure how another
       | centralized exchange stealing user funds is any diferent than all
       | the past ones.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | > Moreover, sceptics should acknowledge that nobody can predict
       | which innovations will bear fruit and which will not. People
       | should be free to devote time and money to fusion power,
       | airships, the metaverse and a host of other technologies that may
       | never come good. Crypto is no different. As the virtual economy
       | develops, useful decentralised applications may yet appear--who
       | knows? The underlying technology continues to improve.
       | 
       | > Instead of over-regulating or stamping out crypto, regulators
       | should be guided by two principles. One is to ensure that theft
       | and fraud are minimised, as with any financial activity. The
       | other is to keep the mainstream financial system insulated from
       | further crypto-ructions.
       | 
       | I know people knock the Economist for pretty superficial
       | analysis, but honestly appreciate their level-headed take here.
        
         | mjburgess wrote:
         | It's not level-headed. They've started with the classical
         | Economist premise: gov regulation bad. Then rather than
         | understand or research cypto, they contrast lies told by
         | charlatans against an unmentioned "sceptical" reality. They
         | then conclude with their premise.
         | 
         | This is an exercise in pure ideology, conveys no information,
         | and presents the scam sales-pitch around crypto entirely
         | verbatim.
         | 
         | It is that most common of trap that classical liberals fall
         | into, defending private forces of unfreedom on the basis that
         | they underpin the "free" market. What a bleak picture, and as a
         | defender of free markets, a betray of that world view.
         | 
         | Freedom, as a contingent property of markets, is a careful and
         | precious thing. It requires us to be on the guard against a
         | variety of feudal forces, the pinnace of which could be nothing
         | other than crypto.
         | 
         | Here, The Economist, on the basis of classical liberalism,
         | advocates for a feudalist scam. It's quite saddening.
        
       | RadixDLT wrote:
       | economist, axios, ect. are spreading fud to drive the price down
        
       | cooljacob204 wrote:
       | When Crypto was young it was this cool new technology that mostly
       | interesting because of the underlying tech. But even back then it
       | was mostly valuable for buying drugs online and other illegal
       | stuff.
       | 
       | Now it's that and a way to scam people of their life savings. I
       | do hope it dies out, it should have been heavily regulated from
       | the get go. Way too many people saw these high production
       | commercials with their favorite celebrities they trust telling
       | them to invest in crypto and lost everything.
       | 
       | It never had a real use outside of scamming people and buying
       | illegal shit, no matter how hard others pushed to normalize
       | crypto it never happened. And why would it? Everyone was yelling
       | at people to hold. Don't spend it, it will go to the moon!
       | 
       | And sure it keeps your money away from the spooky scary
       | government. But I prefer my government insured bank account using
       | a government managed currency and recourse for any scams/hacks
       | that might happen to me.
       | 
       | But I don't think it will ever die. Just like MLMS, pyramid
       | schemes and other crap like that.
       | 
       | Also don't even get me started on these centralized exchanges
       | where you don't even own your key and have to verify your
       | identity (Which is how most users interacted with crypto). It's
       | completely counter to the point of crypto.
        
         | camjohnson26 wrote:
         | Always relevant: https://99bitcoins.com/bitcoin-obituaries/
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | Good government is a luxury many lack.
        
           | 7speter wrote:
           | Yet some people still want to drown their pretty good
           | government in a tub.
        
           | biohax2015 wrote:
           | USD is available to anyone
        
             | whitepoplar wrote:
             | Nope
        
             | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
             | What exactly do you mean by that, because if you do mean
             | American dollar, I can point out multiple parties who
             | simply cannot use US currency? Hell, I can point out to
             | transactions that are prohibited if they even touch some
             | type of activity and are in US dollars.
             | 
             | In other words, could you elaborate?
        
             | TremendousJudge wrote:
             | Ask any Argentinian
        
             | djbebs wrote:
             | Im sure the russians that just saw hundreds of billions of
             | usd frozen would disagree.
        
           | cooljacob204 wrote:
           | And that's a fair point. But the problem is Crypto is an
           | investment playground by people from rich countries and
           | legitimate uses of it in countries like say Venezuela is an
           | extremely small part of total transactions.
        
             | pera wrote:
             | I'm from Argentina but live in the UK: in 2020 my mom
             | needed an urgent oncological treatment and the only method
             | I had to transfer the money was using a cryptocurrency. I
             | really don't like to talk about this stuff but when people
             | here in HN keep making arguments like "oh who needs this
             | stuff, I can send money to my friends with the Monzo app"
             | it really makes me feel like my problems as someone from
             | the third world don't matter at all
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | I think most people here agree that it is unnecessarily
               | hard and expensive to transfer money between countries.
               | However cryptocurrency is a technological solution to a
               | regulatory problem. This issue could be solved tomorrow
               | by legislation if governments would cooperate and work to
               | do so. All the efforts pushing cryptocurrency for this
               | particular niche would be better served pushing for
               | international standards for cheap and simple instant
               | money transfers.
        
               | vaxintar wrote:
               | >This issue could be solved tomorrow by legislation if
               | governments would cooperate and work to do so.
               | 
               | Again, many countries around the globe don't have a
               | functional government capable of produce such legislation
               | _tomorrow_.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | GP was talking about Argentina and the UK. Both have
               | pretty functioning governments, and pretty stable
               | relation. This could easily be solved for _most_ people
               | today. Even China and India have stable governments that
               | pass legislation and adopt international standards. You
               | will only find exceptions in places like the USA, Iran
               | and Russia. However most people don't live there.
        
               | ls15 wrote:
               | > All the efforts pushing cryptocurrency for this
               | particular niche would be better served pushing for
               | international standards for cheap and simple instant
               | money transfers.
               | 
               | That seems impossible given today's geopolitics. Crypto
               | remittance at least works.
        
               | runarberg wrote:
               | Maybe that is true of transferring money between USA and
               | Russia, or between USA and the EU, or the USA and any
               | other country outside of Canada and Mexico, but there is
               | no reason that the UK and Argentina don't have a
               | bilateral agreement in place that would make transferring
               | money between the two countries quick, cheap, and easy.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | Sargos wrote:
               | >there is no reason that the UK and Argentina don't have
               | a bilateral agreement in place that would make
               | transferring money between the two countries quick,
               | cheap, and easy.
               | 
               | This may be true but the fact is there is no such
               | agreement and therefore the friction remains. Crypto at
               | least provides a universal low friction option to
               | everyone with no need for disinterested political groups
               | to spend precious time to take action.
        
             | mr_woozy wrote:
        
             | devoutsalsa wrote:
             | The US dollar is used for shady stuff all over the world,
             | but we're not trying to ban it.
        
               | cooljacob204 wrote:
               | Yes but it's used by far for more legitimate stuff. I
               | would argue crypto outside of investing is not.
               | 
               | Also I don't want to ban crypto. I want to crack down on
               | these exchanges which encouraged everyone to gamble on
               | crypto and lost a ton of people money.
        
               | aww_dang wrote:
               | The market is cracking down on these exchanges by
               | bankrupting them. I'd prefer a privately run auditing and
               | voluntary accreditation model.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > The US dollar is used for shady stuff all over the
               | world, but we're not trying to ban it.
               | 
               | That is because it is overwhelmingly used for standard
               | non-shady stuff, like trading legal goods and services.
               | Crypto can't make a similar claim.
        
               | aww_dang wrote:
               | Use of the US dollar is compulsory. Thankfully,
               | cryptocurrencies cannot make the same claim.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gresham%27s_law
        
               | TacticalCoder wrote:
               | 3% to 5% of the world's GDP is linked to criminal
               | activities [1]. Cryptocurrencies are a drop in the bucket
               | here. It doesn't even register.
               | 
               | [1] And it's highly likely the CIA is still, in 2022,
               | deeply tied in drug trafficking and drug money
               | laundering.
        
               | throwup wrote:
               | https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=39421
               | 81
               | 
               | > For example, illegal transactions, scams and gambling
               | together make up less than 3% of volume.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | What constitutes a "scam" in the that paper? That paper
               | treats all USDT (Tether) transactions as "not scam".
               | 
               | I think that remains to be proven and I don't think it's
               | anywhere near certain.
        
               | hellotomyrars wrote:
               | Tether is arguably itself a scam based on their
               | incredibly creative account and likely outright lies
               | about the backing of Tether.
        
               | aww_dang wrote:
               | Turtles all the way down. The US central bank backs the
               | US dollar with "The full faith and credit of the US
               | government"
               | 
               | https://www.federalreserve.gov/faqs/currency_12770.htm
        
               | hellotomyrars wrote:
               | Sure, totally. But I trust the faith and credit of the US
               | government a lot more than the faith and credit of
               | Tether.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | You excluded the first part of that paragraph:
               | 
               | > We show that the vast majority of Bitcoin transactions
               | between real entities are for trading and speculative
               | purposes. Starting from 2015, 75% of the real bitcoin
               | volume has been linked to exchanges or exchange-like
               | entities such as on-line wallets, OTC desks, and large
               | institutional traders.
               | 
               | So 75% of the transactions are just speculative trading,
               | not transactions for goods or services, which is what is
               | being discussed. Taking the paper's numbers at face
               | value, as a percentage of non-speculative transactions,
               | illicit transactions are 12%, which is quite high.
               | 
               | There are also papers which quantify the amount of
               | illegal activity as high as 46% [1] in 2018.
               | 
               | Illicit activity is still probably the most durable use
               | non-investment use-case for Bitcoin, and realistically
               | will be the most enduring use case going forward.
               | 
               | 1. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=31
               | 02645
        
               | throwup wrote:
               | Illegal transactions are also 11-12% of the USA's
               | economy.[1]
               | 
               | In 2019, forex volume was $6.6T per _day_ [2], or $1716T
               | per year. Meanwhile global GDP was only $87.5T [3]. In
               | other words, almost 95% of global currency volume is
               | speculation. Why would anyone use currencies that are
               | mainly used for speculation?
               | 
               | Both the traditional and crypto economies are reflections
               | of human behavior, but because crypto is more
               | transparent, you can see it for yourself. And a lot of
               | people don't like what they see. But it's not a new
               | problem nor unique to new currencies or technologies.
               | 
               | [1]:
               | https://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/032916/how-
               | big...
               | 
               | [2]: https://www.financemagnates.com/institutional-
               | forex/executio...
               | 
               | [3]: https://www.statista.com/statistics/268750/global-
               | gross-dome...
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | > Illegal transactions are also 11-12% of the USA's
               | economy.[1]
               | 
               | Much of that figure are payments for untaxed, but
               | otherwise legal activities. On the other hand, crypto
               | figures are straight up payments for illegal activities.
        
               | danans wrote:
               | > In other words, almost 95% of global currency volume is
               | speculation. Why would anyone use currencies that are
               | mainly used for speculation?
               | 
               | Much of that trading volume, speculative or not supports
               | the international trade of real goods and services and
               | hedges currency risk for large international companies
               | [1]. The same cannot be said of Bitcoin, which does
               | provide the same utility.
               | 
               | https://www.federalreserve.gov/econres/notes/feds-
               | notes/the-...
        
               | psychlops wrote:
               | Seems like you will get your wish as the trend is leading
               | towards a future where only approved transactions will be
               | allowed.
        
               | rsj_hn wrote:
               | In some sense, yes the ultimate purpose of a bearer
               | currency in the era of government controlled custodial
               | currencies is having a currency that the government can't
               | seize from you or put prior restraint on you spending.
               | Thus by definition, the main use case is "illicit".
               | 
               | But remember that "illicit" also includes sending
               | donations to protestors in Canada when the government
               | froze their bank accounts, or sending payments to
               | dissident organizations that have been blacklisted and
               | denied banking services, etc.
               | 
               | We can also say that the primary use case of signal is
               | "illicit" communication -- that is, attempts to skirt
               | eavesdropping by various government security
               | organizations, and this is why Signal received funding
               | from the U.S. government - it was a device to assist in
               | coordinating anti-government protests in nations the US
               | wanted to oppose. For the same reason, the U.S. Navy
               | created and funded Tor.
               | 
               | So this is a two way street -- the ability to send
               | payments and securely communicate even if your government
               | doesn't want you to do that is great when they are used
               | to support dissidents in nations you oppose, but not so
               | great when they are used for similar purposes at home, or
               | when they are used for organized crime. Just because a
               | technology's primary use case is "Illicit" doesn't mean
               | it's not a valuable or useful technology.
        
           | TremendousJudge wrote:
           | Agree. For example, people who save in bitcoin or ether. They
           | don't have any influence into how the system is managed.
        
           | onion2k wrote:
           | Is there any crossover in a Venn diagram of "government is so
           | bad you need crypto" and "government is good enough that they
           | won't shut off the internet to control the people"? If there
           | isn't then crypto isn't very useful in those places.
        
             | philippejara wrote:
             | Most governments that are so bad you need crypto are not
             | that bad because of repression necessarily, but because of
             | corruption or incompetence. Corruption or incompetence
             | doesn't care enought to "shut down the internet" and if
             | they do odds are a bad job will be done of it.
        
             | cypress66 wrote:
             | Yes. Argentina is an example.
        
             | notpushkin wrote:
             | It is hard to shut off the Internet (or at least should be,
             | if it is properly decentralized).
             | 
             | Point in case: Russia. Government has been trying to block
             | everything they don't like for some ten years now I think.
             | Controlling all the uplinks from the country is just not
             | feasible (although they're working on buying everything out
             | I believe), so it was in fact easier for them to make all
             | the ISPs install some blocking equipment themselves, which
             | works pretty poorly.
             | 
             | Many times they were successful, but they couldn't shut
             | Telegram down for example. When TLS ECH is finally adopted
             | it's basically game over for them.
        
               | miohtama wrote:
               | If you shut down Internet, your economy suffers.
               | 
               | Even China cannot block Github, because it would harm
               | their economy too much. Chinese developers need to access
               | Github (PyPi, NPM), or they are not productive. The
               | global software industry is built on the top of Western
               | science that relies of on freedom of information. Thus,
               | they need to let free information to flow against the
               | authorianship will.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_of_GitHub#China
        
               | notpushkin wrote:
               | That's interesting! I thought China developers had npm /
               | PyPI etc. mirrored so that they don't have to deal with
               | the slowed worldwide versions.
               | 
               | UPD: that said, I agree that the Chinese Firewall is
               | about as far as you can shut off the Internet in a modern
               | country (at least without turning into another North
               | Korea).
        
         | archontes wrote:
         | I'm not sure it should be regulated. But it should be dyed. I
         | should have the ability to say, "No crypto in my retirement
         | portfolio, please." and have that be a knowable and enforceable
         | property.
        
         | aww_dang wrote:
         | The great part about this is that you are not forced to use
         | cryptocurrency. It is entirely voluntary.
         | 
         | I like cryptocurrency as an open platform. I don't have a
         | problem with the market clearing out the speculative mania. I
         | do disagree with detractors who admit that they have no use for
         | cryptocurrency demanding regulation. If you like regulated
         | markets, stick to them. If you love the security of the
         | petrodollar, good on you. Live and let live.
         | 
         | Can I just publish a few cryptogames without the obscene
         | generalizations?
         | 
         | The worst part of this is that the entire FTX debacle comes on
         | the heels of SBF demanding even more regulatory capture. Shades
         | of Bernie Madoff. The insider connections to regulatory bodies
         | and SEC board members. History repeats itself.
        
           | jobs_throwaway wrote:
           | no one should be allowed to use a system I don't like!!!
        
         | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
         | When bitcoin first came onto the scene I personally knew a guy
         | who was running a website to act as an exchange. It was small
         | because bitcoin itself at that time was very small.
         | 
         | Then bitcoin had its very first dip and it became unprofitable
         | to mine bitcoins. When that happened he shuttered the website
         | and kept everyone's bitcoins.
         | 
         | I knew of bitcoin early on due to this guy, but even then I had
         | no interest and considered it bullshit. Then when I saw what
         | this guy did it just solidified my opinion that it can't be
         | trusted.
         | 
         | That's not to say that in theory there aren't uses for it, but
         | it's 100% speculative and nothing else. People try to compare
         | it to things like gold for protecting your money from
         | inflation, but that's completely nonsensical.
         | 
         | If the value of gold crashes it still has an inherent value
         | because it's a useful physical good (looking pretty is not the
         | only application of gold). a bitcoin has ZERO inherent value.
         | It's not possible for the value of gold to go to zero, but it's
         | absolutely possible for the value of a bitcoin to go to zero.
         | 
         | crypto will never go away, but it absolutely should.
        
           | BLKNSLVR wrote:
           | That's not a Bitcoin problem, but a human problem, and one
           | that exists in any realm where value is held by a third
           | party.
           | 
           | It's like saying that sausages are bad, and should go away
           | from existence, because the dog ate them off the kitchen
           | counter.
        
           | paiute wrote:
           | it honestly sounds a lot like banking. We just have some
           | rules now to prevent this sort of thing. It's not bitcoin
           | that's the problem... It's the money changers.
        
             | Loughla wrote:
             | If an item only works well in theory, then the item itself
             | is the problem.
             | 
             | A firearm is absolutely, 100% safe as long as no one ever
             | interacts with it.
             | 
             | Because we are humans, in a society, and everything we do
             | relies on human interactions, if Bitcoin (and crypto in
             | general) cannot operate positively and effectively, _except
             | in theory_ , then it is the problem, regardless of the
             | underlying reason.
        
           | majikandy wrote:
           | If the value dropped to Zero, I'd "buy" them all and then run
           | my own miner to confirm the transaction and sail off into the
           | virtual sunset with my story about how I bought all the
           | bitcoin in the world. I'd keep running the miner and
           | publishing my chain. But then someone would come along with
           | more hashpower than me and rewrite all my transactions with
           | their longer chain and my sunset would turn to darkness, and
           | I'd be poor again... but ironically they'd probably not be
           | worth zero anymore. Then people would rewrite that chain with
           | more hashpower... And so on, until greed secures the
           | transactions again and restores value.
           | 
           | At which point I'd turn my miner off and wind the chain back
           | to when I was rich on my private virtual island for one and
           | live happily ever after.
        
           | abudabi123 wrote:
           | I suspected early period Bitcoin gained enormous deposits
           | from corrupt "Tiger" traitors (or defectors) in the Communist
           | Party. They exited China's smog for Canada, for example.
        
           | bnralt wrote:
           | > If the value of gold crashes it still has an inherent value
           | because it's a useful physical good (looking pretty is not
           | the only application of gold).
           | 
           | The value of gold is protected by the fact that the majority
           | of it's holdings (at least, according to this[1]) aren't used
           | for speculation. Still, a good chunk of them are, which means
           | there can be pretty huge swings and it's considered a poor
           | investment.
           | 
           | Have tried to say the inherent value of a dollar is because
           | it's backed by the U.S. military, but fundamentally, it's the
           | same reason. Dollars aren't held as speculative assets. The
           | poor returns from the dollar are one of the reasons why
           | people push other investments. If currency does enter into
           | speculative territory, bad things can (and do) happen. See
           | Hot Money[2].
           | 
           | Anything, even if it has inherent value, can be extremely
           | dangerous when there's a large number of speculators. Because
           | no matter the value, speculation can drive the price much,
           | much higher. And it's a snowballing effect - the more an
           | asset rises, the more people want to buy it for speculative
           | reasons, and the more people buy it the more it rises.
           | 
           | And then any inherent value (if it even exists) looses
           | significance - you're in a game of chicken with the other
           | investors, trying to both hold on as long as you can and get
           | out before everyone else does. The winner gets the fortune,
           | the loser is left holding the bag.
           | 
           | The thing is, almost everyone in the crypto space seems
           | interested in speculation. It might be speculation +
           | decentralized voting rights or speculation + digital
           | ownership, but speculation is always at the heart of it. The
           | idea that if you get in early you'll be able to cash out for
           | a big profit. Of course a space almost entirely driven by
           | speculation is going to be inherently dangerous and unstable,
           | and the "opportunities" are the same type as those of a
           | casino.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_holdings [2]
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_money
        
             | paiute wrote:
             | Central banks hold dollars all the time, as a speculative
             | asset. Same reason people buy treasury notes at low
             | interest rates.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | Gold is priced way higher than it's worth due to
             | speculation, yes, but it does have intrinsic value in
             | industrial processes and electronics. I wouldn't invest in
             | shiny pebbles personally but there is a very real,
             | fundamental difference.
        
             | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
        
               | dang wrote:
               | Please don't post HN threads flameward. It's not what
               | this site is for, and destroys what it is for.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | One could argue that the complete and utter strawman by
               | the other poster is more likely to start a flamewar than
               | someone asking if they understood the actual point.
               | 
               | But let me guess, if I press you on this I'm going to get
               | banned in a week or so for such and such reason.
               | 
               | something something assume good faith?
        
               | dang wrote:
               | > One could argue that
               | 
               | Sure, but it always feels like the other person started
               | it and did worse--so everybody always argues that.*
               | 
               | Let's assume you are right and the other person is wrong.
               | Posting an unsubstantive snark is the worst way to
               | respond. It poisons the atmosphere, evokes worse from
               | others, and ultimately discredits your own position
               | (which, if you're right, means you're discrediting the
               | truth--and that hurts everyone**).
               | 
               | What you should do instead is one of the following:
               | 
               | (1) respectfully provide correct information, so we can
               | all learn; or
               | 
               | (2) chalk it up to the internet being wrong about
               | everything and just move on.
               | 
               | * https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=fal
               | se&qu...
               | 
               | ** https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=tr
               | ue&sor...
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | guidelines state to assume good faith, I asked if they
               | understood the actual point.
               | 
               | What's happened here is my assumption of good faith with
               | a question got turned into a warning by the mod because
               | they, themselves, did not assume good faith on my part.
               | 
               | So the question becomes, are those guidelines taken
               | seriously by the moderators of this site or not?
               | 
               | If they are, then maybe admit to your error and lets all
               | just move on.
        
               | dang wrote:
               | It was obviously an unsubstantive comment, unduly
               | personal, and basically a variation on "did you even read
               | the article" which the site guidelines ask people not to
               | post. That makes it flamebait, regardless of your
               | intention when you posted it. I don't think it was a
               | borderline call, nor is it hard to understand.
               | 
               | Ironically, the sort of legalistic pleading you're
               | resorting to is a sign of a lack of the good faith you're
               | claiming. So is the style of your reply sequence: never
               | admit or accept a thing, never address what the other
               | person says, and simply bring up a new argument every
               | time. These are troll tactics, whether you're using them
               | that way intentionally or not (https://hn.algolia.com/?da
               | teRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&sor...), and part of how
               | we moderate HN is not to dance that way.
        
               | nawgz wrote:
               | The other poster took the idea you expressed - that
               | "[crypto is] 100% speculative and nothing else" - and
               | further explored the idea, and some markets they have
               | seen where the price action either devolves or remains
               | rational.
               | 
               | What exactly did he do that was a "strawman"? Why are you
               | so angry? It was an interesting comment thread, and then
               | you are acting as if persecuted by the other commenter
               | and HN moderators.
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | They spent 90% of their post talking about gold also
               | being speculative rather than crypto.
               | 
               | I asked if they understood my actual point because I was
               | never denying that gold had speculation, but that when
               | that speculation collapses gold still has value due to
               | it's application in the physical world.
               | 
               | They obviously misunderstood me.
        
             | sacrosancty wrote:
        
           | wizofaus wrote:
           | I don't think I've ever seen a convincing argument that the
           | physical "usefulness" of gold is a significant factor behind
           | its market value. The closest is the argument that it's
           | useful as marker for indicating wealth/status/privilege,
           | because of its rarity (and obviously the skill involved in
           | crafting it into various ornaments/utensils etc.). But yes,
           | arguably more useful than cryptocurrency (where there's value
           | in the concept of a distributed cryptographically-backed
           | ledger, and the software that exists to support it, but not
           | really in any individual unit of a cryptographic currency).
           | Then again, there's really no absolute utility in units of
           | fiat-issued currency either - it just happens to be the only
           | sort of currency that governments accept for paying taxes
           | (therefore necessary for keeping yourself out of jail).
        
             | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
             | The point is that gold is useful, crypto-coins are not.
        
           | cft wrote:
           | Get ready for CBDC, surveillance of every transaction and
           | economic unpersoning then.
        
             | pessimizer wrote:
             | The government doesn't need a cryptocoin to monitor
             | transactions, or to make using paper currency illegal. It
             | can already do what you think it needs a cryptocoin to do,
             | and it doesn't do it because it supports wealthy people
             | being able to launder money and avoid taxes. US politics
             | runs entirely on laundered money and misdirected/avoided
             | taxes. You're lobbying for the swamp.
        
               | yonaguska wrote:
               | I anticipate CBDC being something for the peons to use,
               | not the elite. Yes, the government can monitor
               | transactions, but it currently has to jump through a lot
               | more loopholes to do so. I understand and agree with your
               | sentiment, with the additional point that smaller banks
               | are also going to be made obsolete if a CBDC is rolled
               | out.
               | 
               | But the wealthy and connected will most certainly have
               | their own way of getting around the system. Whether that
               | means moving their money into physical assets, or onto
               | the market, I don't know. I don't think cash is going to
               | go away, but I do see the government incentivizing
               | regular people to solely use CBDC, and once you're on
               | that system, you are a serf.
        
               | codehalo wrote:
               | At this point, if HN is any indication, they deserve it.
        
               | cft wrote:
               | I migrated to https://stacker.news ; anxiously waiting
               | for them to open other subs
        
           | compsciphd wrote:
           | I'd go a step further with the comparison to gold. If
           | everyone would stop mining gold today, gold would retain
           | value (or perhaps even go up in value). On the flipside, if
           | we turned off all bitcoin miners today, bitcoin would go to
           | zero instantly (as its worthless without continuous resources
           | being pumped into it).
           | 
           | This is why I'm sympathetic to those who say its ponzi
           | scheme, it only has value because of new resources continuing
           | to be poured into it.
        
             | luddit3 wrote:
             | And if we turned off the internet how many companies would
             | be worthless, because that is about as likely to happen as
             | all mining stopping.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Normal people would notice and agitate for the internet
               | to be restored. Most people's daily lives would be
               | significantly impacted.
               | 
               | In contrast, only speculators would notice bitcoin going
               | offline. They might laugh at the guys who told them they
               | weren't going to make it but that'd be it. Nothing would
               | break, nobody would be in line ahead of them failing to
               | buy something, etc.
               | 
               | That matters because bitcoin's floor value is zero: as a
               | very weak fiat currency, the only reason to use it is
               | when you think it'll be profitable and if that confidence
               | drops miners will stop putting more hard money into the
               | system.
        
               | themihai wrote:
               | What is crypto used for? Who uses/needs the crypto
               | network for anything except speculation?
        
             | Lerc wrote:
             | >if we turned off all bitcoin miners today, bitcoin would
             | go to zero instantly
             | 
             | You talk about this like this is an easy action with
             | profound consequences. It's like saying If everyone killed
             | themselves, there would be no people. This is trivially
             | true, but it's not going to happen.
             | 
             | >(as its worthless without continuous resources being
             | pumped into it).
             | 
             | All forms of transaction has some form of resources put
             | into it. The quantity of resources is what is at issue
             | here. Bitcoin does not need the massive quantity of
             | resources it currently uses to operate. That is an artifact
             | of the high value of Bitcoin coupled with the subsidy of
             | the mining reward.
             | 
             | I'm not sure if the creator(s) of Bitcoin evaluated what
             | kind of value a Bitcoin should have over time, The mining
             | reward halving rate suggests that they were not expecting
             | it to have a continual average rise above 20% per year
             | (which makes sense because that would be insane). To date,
             | however, it _has_ been averaging more than that, resulting
             | in an increase in value of the mining reward relative to
             | other currencies. Should the value drop or simply not
             | increase for a extended period, the mining subsidy becomes
             | less. Then only the most efficient miners can make money
             | mining and the difficulty drops to a new equilibrium as the
             | ones who can no longer make money drop out.
        
             | golergka wrote:
             | > If everyone would stop mining gold today, gold would
             | retain value (or perhaps even go up in value). On the
             | flipside, if we turned off all bitcoin miners today,
             | bitcoin would go to zero instantly (as its worthless
             | without continuous resources being pumped into it).
             | 
             | "Mining" in bitcoin means two different things, creating
             | new coins AND adding transactions to the ledger. If mining
             | reward went to 0 (which will actually happen someday), and
             | new coins stopped being created, miners would still be able
             | get a profit from transaction fees, although it wouldn't be
             | "mining" in the same sense as gold.
        
             | Justsignedup wrote:
             | I believe that's what we call a pyramid scheme. It only
             | works as long as resources are being poured into it. The
             | second the money flow stops, it instantly collapses.
        
             | stephc_int13 wrote:
             | I've read elsewhere that below $13K it is not profitable to
             | mine bitcoins.
             | 
             | We're very close to this threshold now, given what is
             | happening now and during the next few weeks I would not be
             | surprised if BTC is going below that threshold.
             | 
             | I think it's time to stash a few bottles of champagne.
        
               | shawabawa3 wrote:
               | The protocol self adjusts so that it's always profitable
               | to mine bitcoins
               | 
               | As it becomes unprofitable miners stop, and the
               | difficulty drops so that it becomes cheaper to mine,
               | until it reaches an equilibrium
        
               | stephc_int13 wrote:
               | Is the difficulty dropping because miners are then racing
               | against less miners, or is it a different mechanism?
        
               | Kranar wrote:
               | Different mechanism, Bitcoin's difficulty adjusts based
               | on how quickly blocks are mined so that on average 1
               | block is mined every 10 minutes.
               | 
               | The protocol adjusts every 2016 blocks, if it takes
               | longer than two weeks (20160 minutes) to mine the 2016
               | blocks then the difficulty decreases, if it takes less
               | than two weeks to mine 2016 blocks then the difficulty
               | increases.
        
               | r1ch wrote:
               | The adjustment algorithm still requires blocks to be
               | generated before it adjusts. If enough miners shut down
               | at the same time, time between blocks will skyrocket,
               | pushing the difficulty adjustment forward even further
               | and crippling the transaction throughput.
        
             | tim333 wrote:
             | Nitpicking but
             | 
             | >if we turned off all bitcoin miners today, bitcoin would
             | go to zero instantly
             | 
             | isn't true. You couldn't trade them normally with the
             | miners off but you could start mining up the day after - it
             | only takes a couple of computers really.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | feet wrote:
               | Turning mining back on is entirely changing the parent's
               | statement.
               | 
               | "Well yea you could do that change to tank the value, but
               | imagine if you just undid it huh???"
               | 
               | The point was without mining entirely, there is no value
        
               | Taniwha wrote:
               | But there's only ever going to be a fixed number of
               | bitcoin - does it all just stop working when it's all
               | mined out?
        
               | Lerc wrote:
               | The mining reward is not supposed to be the end state of
               | the system. It is a subsidy, reducing over time, to get
               | the system established.
               | 
               | Once established, the idea is that transaction fees are
               | used and the distributed nature of the network causes a
               | natural competition to be the most efficient so miners
               | can charge the lowest fees while making a profit.
        
               | feet wrote:
               | Iirc miners get the gas fees
        
               | majewsky wrote:
               | Once all bitcoins are mined, miners are supposed to fund
               | themselves solely through transaction fees, as they
               | partially already do today.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > You couldn't trade them normally with the miners off
               | but you could start mining up the day after.
               | 
               | So if we turn off all the bitcoin miners, it wouldn't be
               | possible to transact. All you could do is look at it,
               | like a read-only excel sheet.
        
               | mr_woozy wrote:
        
               | snapcaster wrote:
               | But you understand why this hasn't happened yet right? if
               | everyone else turned off their miners, I for one would be
               | interested in money and turn one on
        
             | rhino369 wrote:
             | I think Bitcoin has no value. But I don't think mining
             | issue you raise is a reason why. The difficulty of mining
             | is pegged to size of the mining pool so you don't actually
             | need that many miners to operate the whole network.
             | 
             | Mining is bad for other reasons--it's a huge waste of
             | resources when bitcoin is worth a lot of money.
        
             | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
             | ^ that was exactly my point and why I asked the other
             | poster if they actually understood the point.
             | 
             | but I'm in the middle of getting warned and moderated by
             | dang for daring to ask such a question!
        
           | randomdata wrote:
           | _> It 's not possible for the value of gold to go to zero_
           | 
           | The price might go to zero, though. The price of oil, which
           | is arguably more useful than gold, went _negative_ a couple
           | of years back. Having intrinsic value doesn 't necessarily
           | mean it is exchangeable, especially if it needs to be
           | exchanged at a given moment in time.
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | The price of oil _futures_ went negative. The spot price of
             | oil has never and will never hit zero or negative.
             | 
             | You can't use your regular intuition about commodity prices
             | when talking about futures contracts. The negative price
             | was a one-day event, and all it really represents is a
             | higher-than-normal premium on the calendar spread.
        
             | gizajob wrote:
             | The exchange value might fluctuate but the use value
             | remains, in the case of oil and gold. Bitcoin has no use
             | value. Could say that about other financial instruments and
             | derivatives, but they serve a purpose to those who use
             | them. There's a big difference to exchange value and use
             | value though, Marx made a career out of defining it.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | Its value is all well and good if you personally have a
               | use for it, but if you are merely stockpiling it in hopes
               | of selling it later then that doesn't help much if the
               | price has fallen to zero. You might be left with
               | something pretty to look at and little more as you hold
               | out for a recovery, if you don't take the bath and end up
               | with nothing.
               | 
               | Which could also be said about Bitcoin. I'm sure someone
               | out there would find some kind of academic interest in
               | looking at Bitcoins or enjoy collecting them. There might
               | be almost no value in Bitcoin, but it would probably
               | never erode completely.
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | In fiction there's an idea known as 'plot armor'. In
               | essence, it's the idea that causality and realism are
               | suspended for some reasons related to the plot.
               | 
               | Your scenario here is plot armor.
               | 
               | Sure, if we pretend that gold stops having ANY use
               | outside of being pretty, then when it stops being
               | considered pretty it's value will go to 0.
               | 
               | But the fact is, gold has a myriad of uses besides being
               | pretty and those uses give it an inherent value.
               | 
               | And when you go to sell it, others' use of it is what
               | sets the sell value, not your personal use of it. It
               | doesn't matter that I'm not personally using it for
               | conductivity if the person I'm selling it to is (or
               | someone downstream of them is).
               | 
               | IOW, stop posting fiction.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | _> Sure, if we pretend that gold stops having ANY use
               | outside of being pretty_
               | 
               | I fail to see the purpose of this 'pilot amor'. There is
               | no reason why gold would stop being useful beyond being
               | pretty. This fiction you've come up with doesn't even
               | make any sense and certainly has no relevance to the
               | discussion.
               | 
               | However, that doesn't mean there is always a user
               | available. When we saw the price of oil go negative there
               | were still just as many uses for oil as there ever was,
               | but for various reasons there weren't buyers in that
               | moment. Gold is not immune to the same.
               | 
               | In case you are still confused, let me be clear: Price
               | and value are not the same thing.
               | 
               |  _> IOW, stop posting fiction._
               | 
               | Sage advice.
        
               | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
               | This happens entirely too often on this website.
               | 
               | I used the phrase 'inherent value' to describe what
               | you're referring to as 'use value'. But of course someone
               | decided they had to argue against it by arguing that the
               | trade value between countries went negative at one point
               | (which isn't all that surprising but has nothing to do
               | with the original point).
               | 
               | arguably 'use value' is a better phrase, but given the
               | surrounding explanations, the poster engaged in a clear
               | strawman.
        
             | w1nst0nsm1th wrote:
             | Oil (and gas) are specific cases, not relatable to gold...
             | 
             | The point with oil is its extraction can't be stoped
             | overnight, and thus has to be stored in case of excessive
             | production, which has itself a cost.
             | 
             | Demand droped significantly when the lockdown occured ;
             | storage facilities where saturated ; and oil was kept in
             | oil tankers which are pretty expensive.
             | 
             | The negative price reflected the cost of storage.
             | 
             | There is no such issue with gold.
        
               | theGnuMe wrote:
               | You have to store the gold somewhere so you have storage
               | costs which could theoretically exceed the cost of the
               | gold at some point.
        
           | ManuelKiessling wrote:
           | Just for the record (and not as a defense of crypto): using
           | gold for protecting your money from inflation is completely
           | nonsensical, too.
        
           | anonymousiam wrote:
           | Although I agree with almost everything you said, under
           | certain conditions it would be possible for certain prices of
           | gold to go to zero, or even negative.
           | 
           | See: https://www.marketwatch.com/story/oil-prices-went-
           | negative-a...
        
           | azangru wrote:
           | > When that happened he shuttered the website and kept
           | everyone's bitcoins.
           | 
           | > I knew of bitcoin early on due to this guy, but even then I
           | had no interest and considered it bullshit. Then when I saw
           | what this guy did it just solidified my opinion that it can't
           | be trusted.
           | 
           | But isn't it instead an early lesson in "not your keys not
           | your coin" maxim that Bitcoin advocates preach?
           | 
           | > If the value of gold crashes it still has an inherent value
           | because it's a useful physical good (looking pretty is not
           | the only application of gold). a bitcoin has ZERO inherent
           | value.
           | 
           | Yes, but: 1) it's very difficult to self-custody gold (it's
           | bulky, needs a safe place for storage -- and if you put it in
           | a bank, you need to be able to trust that you can get it out
           | again); 2) it's very difficult to transfer, especially cross
           | borders, especially in large amounts; 3) it's very difficult
           | to use as an actual money, whereas bitcoin could conceivably
           | be used as such (especially with Lightning).
        
             | runarberg wrote:
             | Your parent was talking about gold in the niche case of
             | protecting from inflation, and passed no judgement over the
             | merit of doing so, only that it was better then
             | cryptocurrency in that particular niche.
             | 
             | If you want to purchase gold to protect your money from
             | inflation (which you probably shouldn't) then you probably
             | buy it through some insured exchange--maybe even through
             | your bank--that will keep it for you, if you don't trust
             | any exchange, that is your problem. If you need to transfer
             | your money, or use it, then you're not protecting it
             | against inflation anymore are you? So you will just use
             | regular money for that.
             | 
             | Anyway, you shouldn't buy gold to protect your money from
             | inflation. Instead you probably should just risk an
             | inflation and keep your money in a savings account, or buy
             | secure government bonds for it, or something.
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | > "not your keys not your coin" maxim that Bitcoin
             | advocates preach?
             | 
             | I keep seeing this phrase crop up throughout the past
             | several days of cryptocurrency news, and something always
             | rubbed me the wrong way about it, but I couldn't put my
             | finger on it until today.
             | 
             | It's demanding a change in human nature to accommodate the
             | system, rather than changing the system to accommodate
             | human nature.
             | 
             | It's really not that different than the people who, 15
             | years ago, were saying, "Well, of _course_ your accounts
             | got hacked, because you didn 't create a separate
             | 27-character totally random password for every single
             | account you need, like _I_ do, and never store those
             | passwords anywhere except your head! "
             | 
             | People don't want to deal with a hardware token every
             | single time they want to do anything with their money...and
             | the only reason they _have_ to, with cryptocurrency, is
             | because its proponents think an unregulated
             | "decentralized" financial system where the only law is code
             | is a good idea. (Of course, it was never going to stay
             | unregulated forever. None of the aspects of cryptocurrency
             | that rely on the government not paying attention can last
             | more than another few years.)
        
               | origin_path wrote:
               | _" People don't want to deal with a hardware token every
               | single time they want to do anything with their money"_
               | 
               | Maybe not, but they have to regardless. Banks force this
               | on users anyway (outside the USA). To pay for things I
               | have to use either a chip card (token), or equivalent
               | embedded in my phone (a token), or log in to e-banking
               | using a chip card PIN pad (token) or my phone again, or
               | auth an online CC tx with a phone app (token).
               | 
               | But no matter what I do the only way to move money around
               | without invoking a hardware cryptographic token at some
               | point, is use paper money and physical coins.
               | 
               | So this isn't really something new. Bitcoin was just
               | ahead of the curve in this regard. Also, it's really hard
               | for banks to reverse transactions outside of the USA.
               | What makes bank money "safe" compared to crypto is simply
               | that:
               | 
               | 1. Governments will bail banks out because they're too
               | big to fail. Of course you end up paying for it through
               | inflation anyway.
               | 
               | 2. Everything is KYCd/AMLd up the wazoo so even if money
               | is drained from your account in the same way it could be
               | for a cryptocurrency, the perps will find it much harder
               | to evade capture.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | It is stating the truth. If you don't like it, don't
               | participate on the market. If you don't like it and
               | insist on participating on the market, you _will_ get
               | scammed.
               | 
               | None of that has any ethical or sociological
               | consideration inbuilt. It's a simply observation of the
               | system.
               | 
               | Anyway, yes, that means the system is bad. But this is an
               | ethical and sociological consideration.
        
               | aww_dang wrote:
               | Self-custody means users withdrawing their coins from
               | exchanges or other custodial services.
               | 
               | >"Well, of course your accounts got hacked, because you
               | didn't create a separate 27-character totally random
               | password for every single account you need, like I do,
               | and never store those passwords anywhere except your
               | head!"
               | 
               | The keys can be recorded as a seed phrase. Typically this
               | is a sequence of dictionary words. Look into it before
               | you dismiss it so flippantly. Things have come a long way
               | to make things easier for the user. There are also
               | dedicated hardware wallet devices for key storage.
               | 
               | If you're not transacting or conducting business with
               | cryptocurrency, why do you care so much? It is literally
               | none of your business. Nobody is forcing you to pay taxes
               | or finance wars with BTC.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | I wasn't aware that something had to be "my business"
               | before I was allowed to discuss it on HN.
               | 
               | And "dedicated hardware wallet devices" are _exactly_ the
               | kind of thing that I 'm talking about here. There is no
               | way those are going to be appealing to mainstream users;
               | thus, _if_ cryptocurrency were ever to genuinely enter
               | the mainstream, the _vast, vast_ majority of users would
               | be keeping their crypto on exchanges.
               | 
               | Y'know, exactly the way the vast, vast majority of people
               | keep their money in regular bank accounts. Which don't
               | require this kind of rigamarole, and _never_ result in
               | _regular people_ (ie, not the very wealthy) losing money,
               | because it 's all regulated and insured by the
               | government.
               | 
               | (Yes, I know FDIC insurance has a limit. The limit is
               | high enough that _regular people_ will never even have to
               | care that it exists.)
        
             | pseudostem wrote:
             | >it's bulky
             | 
             | Slight nitpick, Total gold above the earth's surface is
             | less than a cube with sides 25 metres each.
        
               | itronitron wrote:
               | For anyone that is curious, it's about 4.5 double chests
               | of gold block stacks in minecraft. Not particularly
               | difficult, but a challenge nonetheless.
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | The weird thing to me is that the total mass of silver
               | mined is only about 8x the total mass of silver, but the
               | price spread is 80x.
               | 
               | Copper is much more abundant, over 400x more copper than
               | silver has been mined, but silver is _almost_ as scarce
               | as gold. It really seems like the price spread should be
               | closer.
        
             | soco wrote:
             | Uh, I wear some gold on me and cross borders with it and
             | keep it at home when not and there's this thing called pawn
             | shop in my village and otherwise and... are you sure those
             | you mentioned are real problems? Or maybe you mean only the
             | large amounts problems - in which case we should underline
             | bitcoin aims to solve the problems of the rich, which most
             | people on earth are not.
        
           | _fat_santa wrote:
           | Broadscale, crypto seems to have had an "Eternal September"
           | moment and I think that's where the problems really began.
           | Back in the early days before crypto entered the mainstream,
           | it was pretty much like any other internet project. It was
           | cool to be able to buy a pizza with internet funny money but
           | by then it was still pretty small and everyone knew the
           | inherent risks.
           | 
           | Then came the "Eternal September" where cryto went mainstream
           | and many people started pitching this formerly niche project
           | as a real investment vehicle. And people bought in thinking
           | it was like any other investment. IMHO cyrpto itself isn't
           | bad, it's all the people that pitched it like an old school
           | investment vehicle.
        
             | Justsignedup wrote:
             | I honestly can't think of any positive thing about crypto.
             | It solves nothing, it only acts as a pyramid scheme from
             | day 1.
        
             | AlotOfReading wrote:
             | I remember getting into Bitcoin in early 2010 when the
             | pizza thing happened. Even back then it was hyped to me as
             | an investment and an alternative to the corrupt financial
             | system.
             | 
             | There's _always_ been an undercurrent of this stuff. The
             | eternal September came years later, after big scams like Mt
             | Gox had already long imploded.
        
               | origin_path wrote:
               | Mt Gox wasn't a scam, just very poorly run.
        
               | AlotOfReading wrote:
               | I guess you could argue that it wasn't a scam because it
               | wasn't the leadership doing the theft, but it's a bit of
               | a meaningless distinction in the end. Lots of bitcoins
               | were stolen, withdrawals were halted, and customers lost
               | their money regardless.
        
         | at-fates-hands wrote:
         | >> It never had a real use outside of scamming people and
         | buying illegal shit,
         | 
         | Some anecdotal evidence to support what you're saying.
         | 
         | I work at a large health care company. When crypto and
         | blockchain was getting popular, there was a huge push in the
         | company to adopt blockchain and to a degree, crypto. I'm
         | talking hour long presentations by blockchain companies,
         | videos, and trainings. It was heralded as the dawning age of
         | technology where people can be treated and pay in crypto, while
         | at the same time, all their medical files being securely stored
         | on the blockchain. They pushed it as the next step in 100%
         | digitizing health care.
         | 
         | 3 months later? It was dropped. Not just dropped, either. It
         | was _silenced_ throughout the entire company. The sharepoint
         | sites promoting it internally were gone, the videos,
         | presentations, and trainings were all scrubbed from the company
         | sites and resources, like it never existed.
         | 
         | I started asking around and found out the executives found out
         | about several exchanges going under and taking millions of
         | people's money and how blockchain was more of a solution in
         | search of a problem. That combination became too toxic for them
         | to invest and be associated with.
        
         | calculatte wrote:
         | Are you pretending that the government's ability to create fiat
         | currency out of thin air doesn't endanger anyone? Printing
         | trillions over the past few years is what is throwing us into a
         | worldwide depression.
         | 
         | You think the "spooky scary government" is harmless? The US
         | government has used its funds to kill over 20 million people
         | since WWII without officially being at war. 90% of those killed
         | in US drone strikes are bystanders.
         | 
         | Domestically, we see unrestrained corruption from nearly all of
         | our elected officials leading to every outcome to its own
         | citizens. Poisoned water supplies, missing disaster response,
         | war. But as long as your bank account is insured, everything is
         | cool?
         | 
         | Cryptocurrency was created for, and remains suitable for, valid
         | uses that are not "drugs and other illegal stuff." But this is
         | a new technology without guardrails. Bad actors are a problem.
         | So is FUD from competition and disinformation like the parent.
         | 
         | This is a growing technology that requires a level of knowledge
         | to safely use until it is mature enough for mass adoption.
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | I see this point of view a lot on Hacker News because it's
         | dominated by people living in places like the US. Let me add a
         | little perspective on how Bitcoin is used in lower- and middle-
         | income countries from my personal experience.
         | 
         | If you live in a country with a highly functional banking
         | system and no kleptocracy, Bitcoin is probably a bit puzzling
         | unless you have family in Cuba. But it's not puzzling at all
         | for those of us who live somewhere in the middle of the broad
         | spectrum between Switzerland and Somalia, because most places
         | have a _little_ kleptocracy. Argentina is a stable democracy,
         | far from being "a failed state,"+ but if you want to send
         | US$500 abroad via non-Bitcoin means it's basically impossible,
         | and the only broadly available savings vehicle is real estate
         | (" _ahorrar en ladrillos_ "), which of course grossly inflates
         | real-estate prices, with a substantial part of the capital city
         | occupied by empty apartments someone bought "as an investment".
         | Historically, Argentines have saved by buying dollars, but
         | that's limited to US$200 a month now, and then only if you have
         | a non-under-the-table job (about a third of total employment is
         | under the table):
         | 
         | <https://www.ambito.com/finanzas/dolares/cronologia-del-
         | cepo-...>
         | 
         | Something like 300,000 people out of a country of 40 million
         | are legally permitted to buy dollars.
         | 
         | You can see that in September 02019 when this measure was
         | imposed the price of a dollar was AR$63.50; now it's AR$305. So
         | whatever savings you had in pesos in 02019 have lost 79% of
         | their value to peso devaluation. In fact, whatever savings you
         | had in pesos a week ago have lost 4%.
         | 
         | I've been using Bitcoin to get paid for several years at this
         | point where I live here in Argentina. It's currently 14 years
         | after Bitcoin's invention, and some people think it's
         | regressing instead of progressing. Well, 14 years after the
         | internet's invention was 01983; not only couldn't you get so
         | much as a weather report online, much less IRC, but many of the
         | early interesting experiments like NLS at SRI had shut down,
         | and more and more places were disabling guest access to their
         | hosts--you couldn't run so much as a game of ADVENT without
         | getting a username. And a password. Things were seriously
         | regressing. The only people you could talk to on the internet
         | were other people who really bought into the subculture.
         | 
         | In 02001 a lot of Argentines had saved dollars in their dollar-
         | denominated, "government insured" bank accounts. This did not
         | preserve their savings through the financial crisis that year;
         | the cash-strapped government limited withdrawals to a trickle,
         | then converted dollar deposits to pesos at a one-to-one rate,
         | then released the exchange-rate peg, at which point peso went
         | overnight from being worth US$1 to being worth US$0.25 before
         | settling at about US$0.31 for the next few years. The US did
         | something similar in 01933. There was no recourse for this
         | scam.
         | 
         | You might think alternatives to banks like credit unions would
         | protect their customers better, since the customers are the
         | owners, but Credicoop depositors suffered the same two-thirds
         | confiscation of savings as depositors in for-profit banks. And
         | they pay the same 3% tax on bank transactions including checks.
         | That's more than a fast Bitcoin transaction fee of US$15 for
         | transactions over US$500.
         | 
         | But we're not a failed state. There are no gangs of bandits
         | roving the streets in Argentine cities (though there are some
         | pretty bad slums where you'll get robbed if you wander in
         | without knowing anybody). Courts, free public hospitals, and
         | roads continue to function, though there are more potholes than
         | a couple years ago. Argentine infant mortality is 10 per 1000
         | live births, down from almost 20 in the late 01990s and the
         | same as the late 01980s in the US; life expectancy at birth is
         | 77 years, worse than Switzerland's 84, but the same as China
         | and Hungary, and better than Saudi or Mexico. (Somalia is 54.)
         | 
         | Most of the world is worse off than Argentina, although not
         | necessarily in such a statistically transparent fashion. About
         | one fourth of the people in the world are unbanked, 51% here in
         | Argentina, 70% in El Salvador; even advanced countries like
         | Russia, Hungary, and Uruguay have roughly a quarter of the
         | population unbanked:
         | 
         | <https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/worlds-
         | most-...>
         | 
         | And if your family lives in a country like Iran or Venezuela
         | subject to US sanctions, and you live in the US? Good luck
         | sending them an ACH, instant or otherwise!++ It's well known
         | that Bitcoin is very popular in Venezuela, which kind of is a
         | failed state, so one of the Venezuelan governments is trying to
         | tax Bitcoin remittances at 15%.
         | 
         | <https://archive.fo/ZRXzS>
         | 
         | Bitcoin handles a few billion dollars per year in such
         | remittances. A few billion dollars a year might seem like a
         | trivial amount of money to someone in a rich country, but in
         | poor countries, it's enough to keep several million people
         | alive.
         | 
         | Even in the US, it's common for the police to confiscate large
         | amounts of paper currency just because they can ("civil
         | forfeiture"); US bank accounts are probably fine for US$100K
         | but probably somewhat risky for US$10M if the bank thinks you
         | don't seem like the kind of person who ought to have it. US$10M
         | in US$100 bills fits in a box you can wheel around on a dolly,
         | but Bitcoin is a lot more practical. (And of course US$10M in
         | dollar bills loses about US$200k per year to inflation.)
         | 
         | Transaction fees are usually high enough that you wouldn't want
         | to use Bitcoin to pay for a can of Red Bull or even a
         | restaurant dinner. But it's extremely practical as an
         | alternative to Western Union or US$100 bills or gold; even when
         | transaction fees are high, they're low compared to the black-
         | market spread.
         | 
         | So, Bitcoin doesn't have to be a cypherpunk utopia to be a big
         | improvement on the _status quo ante_. For those of you living
         | in stable countries where your worries are things like "instant
         | and extremely low-fee ACHs" and "decentralized utopia", this
         | may be very confusing, but try to remember that most of the
         | world lives in places with much more pressing concerns,
         | concerns that Bitcoin helps a lot with. And you may live there
         | too, soon--the loyal subjects of Kaiser Wilhelm in 01913
         | certainly didn't expect that in 15 years they'd be in the
         | middle of a hyperinflation episode that remains legendary a
         | century later.
         | 
         | I think that, by providing workarounds to the people who need
         | them, cryptocurrencies probably not only ameliorate the most
         | immediate and pressing concerns of poor parts of the population
         | like Venezuelan immigrants and MS-13 victims, but probably also
         | adjust the power balance in a more liberal and democratic
         | direction. This will improve the chance of those concerns being
         | ameliorated by public policy over the next decades as well. But
         | it's hard to tell what will really happen.
         | 
         | Of course, when saving money or making a living becomes
         | illegal, I guess they count as "buying illegal shit". But that
         | doesn't make them bad.
         | 
         | The potential disaster scenario is that, by making most
         | taxation impossible, cryptocurrencies destroy the modern
         | welfare state without providing anything to replace it. So the
         | public hospitals close, the enormous police force starts to
         | support itself by extracting tribute, and the infrastructure
         | decays. Pretty similar to what's happened in the US over the
         | last 50 years, in fact, only more so.
         | 
         | However, at this point I think the modern welfare state is
         | already doing a good enough job of destroying itself without
         | any significant help from cryptocurrencies--as evidence, I can
         | point to Maduro, Macri, Bolsonaro, Trump, and Brexit, and
         | metonymically to the social changes they betoken. So at this
         | point I'm more worried about cushioning the collapse than
         | preventing it.
         | 
         | ____
         | 
         | + We've remained democratic since 01983, electing presidents
         | from three different political parties (UCR, PJ, and PRO), and
         | there's no serious insurgency. It's the _economy_ and
         | _government policy_ that are ruinously unstable, to a point
         | that seems satirical to anyone accustomed to the US, but is
         | lamentably common worldwide. Rich people sometimes say they
         | don't know of legitimate uses of Bitcoin outside of "failed
         | states".
         | 
         | ++ Family remittances are specifically exempted from the US
         | sanctions on Iran, but good luck finding a US bank that's
         | willing and able to take that risk: <https://www.wiggin.com/wp-
         | content/uploads/2019/09/26580_advi...>
         | 
         | See also https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27448744.
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | Every time I see the "Bitcoin for remittance" logic, the
           | first question I ask is: what is the use case or demand for
           | Bitcoin at the third world where you are sending your money?
           | Why should anyone want that except for speculation? Clearly,
           | Bitcoin is not being accepted at the mom-and-pop shop in
           | Bangladesh (they don't even take credit card), so what are
           | the people supposed to do with the Bitcoin once they receive
           | it?
           | 
           | The answer that I have experienced is that it is being sold
           | to the poorly informed local speculator, who have banked
           | their hopes and dreams of getting rich someday to buying
           | Bitcoin. In that way, Bitcoin is actually stripping wealth
           | from the global poor and draining it back to the wealthy
           | ones.
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | Well, as I explained, _savings_ is a demand for Bitcoin
             | that isn 't the same thing as "hopes and dreams of getting
             | rich someday". Just having an asset that doesn't reliably
             | evaporate like the peso or the bolivar is a pretty big win
             | already, even if you aren't going to get rich.
             | 
             | Another important use case that I _didn 't_ mention is
             | leaving the country to live somewhere better. Suppose
             | you've saved up money in, to use examples I know something
             | about, Argentina or Venezuela, and you've managed to do it
             | in a form that doesn't evaporate due to inflation: US$100
             | bills, emeralds, gold, real estate. Now you want to move to
             | Spain, Uruguay, or Mexico. Getting those savings safely out
             | of the country with you is going to be very challenging
             | indeed; Argentine customs has dogs that are trained to
             | sniff out dollar bills, for example. (And of course in the
             | case of real estate it's impossible.)
             | 
             | Again, maybe this is an example of "buying illegal shit":
             | you aren't supposed to be able to escape these places with
             | your life savings, because otherwise how can kleptocracy
             | keep klepting? But obviously (at least to me) being able to
             | take your savings with you makes the world a better place,
             | even if it's illegal.
             | 
             | But it's definitely not "stripping wealth from the global
             | poor and draining it back to the wealthy ones". The
             | "heavily regulated", "government insured", "government
             | managed" world banking system is what does that.
             | 
             | Maybe fleeing the country like this sounds like an
             | extremely marginal, unimportant use case to you, but if so,
             | that's probably because you don't know anybody from Cuba,
             | Ecuador, or Venezuela. Not only are significant percentages
             | of those countries' populations already living abroad, but
             | even larger percentages of the people living there today
             | depend on family members living abroad.
             | 
             | I don't know anything about Bangladesh. I've never been
             | there and I don't know anyone from there very well. Maybe
             | the situation is different there and Bangladeshi people
             | only invest in Bitcoin because they think they'll get rich.
             | What are your experiences there?
        
               | matt_s wrote:
               | Are you concerned about the falling ratio of Bitcoin to
               | USD? Or is the hope that this storm removes a lot of the
               | scam artists/ponzi schemes and the ratio stabilizes in a
               | way?
               | 
               | Edit to add: it seems like the relative ratio doesn't
               | matter much for the scenarios you describe because it is
               | much better than the swings in local currency compared to
               | USD.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Bitcoin has in fact lost _more_ value than the Argentine
               | peso (or any other fiat currency) over the last year, and
               | this is its largest fall ever (it has fallen over 70%
               | twice before, but I think this is the first time it 's
               | ever fallen 73%), and this is a big concern for its use
               | as a savings vehicle, though only a minor inconvenience
               | for its use for international remittances.
               | 
               | Also, because the US$ has itself lost about 10% of its
               | value over that last year, the fall is even worse in real
               | terms than in nominal terms, closer to 75%.
               | 
               | Over other periods of time, like the last two years or
               | the last six months, this is not the case (that is, the
               | peso has done worse than Bitcoin over those periods), and
               | certainly anyone with savings in Bitcoin is hoping that a
               | year from now it is at or near its current value, or even
               | above it, rather than having fallen another 70% to
               | US$4500. But it could. There is no guarantee, and my
               | observation of periods of past Bitcoin volatility does
               | not make me optimistic that scam artists will go away as
               | a result.
               | 
               | There is no prospect that the peso will have equal or
               | higher value a year from now; both the general dynamics
               | of central-bank-controlled fiat currencies and the
               | specific pathologies of Argentina militate strongly
               | against it. The long-run expected value of the peso is
               | zero -- it's not a question of whether it will inflate
               | over time, just how fast. Plausibly ruining the peso's
               | usefulness as a unit of long-term account or a vehicle
               | for savings is a worthwhile tradeoff for improving its
               | usefulness as a medium of exchange; that opinion
               | certainly has widespread acceptance among economists.
               | 
               | So clearly anyone who invests their savings in pesos will
               | inherit the wind; it's possible that whoever invests
               | their savings in Bitcoin will as well.
               | 
               | But maybe not.
        
           | TacticalCoder wrote:
           | > I see this point of view a lot on Hacker News because it's
           | dominated by people living in places like the US.
           | 
           | Totally. And it's not just about "stable countries".
           | 
           | People in Cyprus (except the russians, who were warned a few
           | days before and had the time to move their funds) saw the
           | money on their bank account used to do bank bail-ins.
           | Probably a test to see how the population would react when
           | the same would happen EU wise (as bank bail-ins are now, by
           | law, mandatory in the EU for failing banks).
           | 
           | People in Spain were incentivized by the banks to put their
           | savings into products yelding x% then the banks defaulted on
           | the principal. That one's even more vicious than the Cyprus
           | case.
           | 
           | The FED and ECB printed trillions for years and year... But
           | we're to believe that saving confiscated through inflations
           | are due to only to supply chain issue and to the war that
           | started in Ukraine. Yeah. Sell me a bridge too please.
           | 
           | So far people in Spain and Cyprus who had put their money in
           | BTC are still winning. Those who got their money confiscated
           | by bail in and by bank-sold shady investments not so much.
           | 
           | We'll see.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Zaskoda wrote:
         | There's this unfortunate mixing up of the technology, the
         | community, and the bad actors within the community. Ultimately,
         | more crime gets committed with USD than with cryptocurrencies,
         | yet we don't blame the dollars for those crime the way we blame
         | crypto.
         | 
         | There's a bigger paradigm here that I believe few people
         | understand and that I will desperate attempt to explain. I may
         | be about to write a word salad, but here's hoping.
         | 
         | When the Internet was young, before e-commerce was a thing, it
         | was a delightful space where you could publicly post your
         | e-mail address and never worry about the repercussions. If you
         | ran a server and a hacker gained access, it was on you to
         | improve your security.
         | 
         | Eventually, commerce found the Internet and everything changed.
         | Once money was involved, bad actors started to get involved.
         | This is when we started to experience the delights of e-mail
         | spam, a problem we never really fully solved. And something
         | changed about how we handle those hackers. Now that money is
         | involved, if a hacker gains access to your system, instead of
         | being responsible for your own server you can just call the
         | police. And wow, did they crack down on hackers in the early
         | days. They were bad at catching them, but when they did the
         | punishments were disproportionate. It made things safe enough
         | for commerce to grow, but it didn't make us nor the Internet
         | much "better" in the long run. Rather, it put us in a rut.
         | 
         | Compare that with introduction of Bitcoin - which was money
         | from the moment it was created. Because Bitcoin was about money
         | since the beginning, it also attracted those bad actors from
         | the beginning. However, the Bitcoin paradigm is different.
         | Instead of being connected to the existing financial system,
         | it's a self-contained Internet-native system where the
         | responsibility of security is put (to some degree) in the
         | user's hands. But we users are a bit lazy, especially after
         | being hand-fed dumbed-down UX for decades. That makes us
         | vulnerable because we trust instead of verify. But Bitcoin
         | teaches us to learn, to understand, and hopefully to be more
         | responsible.
         | 
         | I believe that Bitcoin and it's derivative technologies have
         | created something akin to a bug zapper. It attracts bad actors
         | like nothing ever has before. And the only viable retort is to
         | improve technology and educate - the opposite of the
         | traditional system where we give the state a monopoly on
         | violence and then ask them to fix it for us.
         | 
         | If you look over the history of cryptocurrency, you'll see a
         | history of rising and falling value and popularity tied to
         | hacks, exploits, crimes, scams, etc. Often, the news declares
         | the end of the entire enterprise. Yet, each time, the scene not
         | only comes back - it comes back stronger.
         | 
         | What I see is greed and wealth attempting to exploit Bitcoin
         | the way the traditional system gets exploited - but always
         | failing in the long run. And with each failure, the wealth in
         | play gets absorbed into Bitcoin. Meanwhile, we continue to
         | harden and improve Bitcoin and the ecosystem around it. In my
         | mind, it's like a worm that is slowly eating the world's wealth
         | through an ongoing interaction with bad actors. I do not
         | believe it can nor should be stopped.
         | 
         | So this idea that crypto is inherently a scam is the result of
         | scammers being drawn to crypto. It's easy for the public to
         | believe this. But Bitcoin and things like it are, in my
         | opinion, the medicine we need to move through this and on to
         | something else.
        
           | mikhael28 wrote:
           | What was the last thing you bought with Bitcoin or Lightning?
           | That was over the nominal value of $1?
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | On one point, I fully agree with you - the whole purpose of
         | regulations is to stop schemes from getting out of hand
         | _before_ the money is gone, because once it 's gone, it can't
         | usually be recouped.
         | 
         | But that said, I feel something is fundamentally lacking in our
         | education system that people were convinced to put money into
         | this shithole because Matt Damon or Tom Brady or Giselle
         | Bundchen said it was a good idea. I mean, I have sympathy but
         | part of me is like "Stupid is as stupid does". When celebrities
         | started hawking crypto, it was the definite equivalent of "shoe
         | shine boy giving stock tips" to me.
        
         | LawTalkingGuy wrote:
         | > It never had a real use outside of scamming people and buying
         | illegal shit
         | 
         | HashCash was invented to make spam expensive and save email.
         | 
         | > Everyone was yelling at people to hold. Don't spend it, it
         | will go to the moon!
         | 
         | No, most of us "in the community" were having fun buying pizzas
         | with it. The vast majority of the people involved early started
         | for the features it unlocked, we didn't foresee being able to
         | ride it to riches like this because nobody could picture our
         | families using it or putting money into it. We thought it would
         | remain a protocol-level thing.
         | 
         | > And sure it keeps your money away from the spooky scary
         | government.
         | 
         | Horses for courses. I like having some "untraceable" internet
         | money for buying things overseas, like servers, etc. If I
         | wanted to have posters put up in Moscow I could find and pay
         | someone in BTC but not from USD.
         | 
         | > But I prefer my government insured bank account using a
         | government managed currency and recourse for any scams/hacks
         | that might happen to me.
         | 
         | Generally, yes. Modulo inflation, "haircuts", forced
         | confiscation, looking suspicious because you have too much
         | money, etc.
        
         | b0sk wrote:
         | As long as there are a) scammers and b) people willing to
         | invest in scammy things, these sorta things never die. They'll
         | learn and adapt and come up with newer ways. Still the cynicism
         | towards crypto on a whole is healthy and a much needed thing we
         | need.
        
         | philippejara wrote:
         | As it stands, without crypto, you are pretty much a hostage to
         | visa, mastercard, discover, and amex to exchange money
         | effectively, and those companies are opinionated to a
         | disturbing extent about who they deny business with when it
         | comes to something so important.
         | 
         | While those companies are not operated as some sort of common
         | carrier of transactions crypto is essential for a free global
         | society.
         | 
         | Apparently Trump of all people actually tried to make it so[0],
         | but Biden seems to have taken it down.
         | 
         | [0]: https://archive.is/wrpvO
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | What happened to cash?
           | 
           | While I don't use it a lot anymore myself, I'm struggling to
           | think of any service or product I use whose provider would
           | not happily accept cash as payment. There are more than a
           | couple of small restaurants here that only accept cash. My
           | barber only accepts cash.
        
             | BeFlatXIII wrote:
             | Payments to remote distances become cumbersome.
        
             | web3isgoing wrote:
             | Depends where you live. Most developed countries are moving
             | away from cash. Some already have.
        
             | DennisP wrote:
             | Cash is risky for any business or charity that's not
             | physically nearby.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Somewhere between "internet nerd project for buying drugs" and
         | "every single Super Bowl ad" regulation should have stepped in.
         | 
         | That kind of shit gives the scams a legitimacy they can't buy
         | otherwise.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | And by definition, a Ponzi must continue to expand, and
           | expand quickly. Regulators are literally waiting until cyrpto
           | completely runs out of possible new customers to intervene.
           | The government is _maximizing_ the damage that crypto does.
           | 
           | Thank god we haven't gotten to crypto for kids yet, but
           | crypto bonuses on credit cards is getting very close.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | The government moves very slowly and basically waits until
             | the problem is over before regulating it.
        
               | Ferret7446 wrote:
               | As it should. The problem with government is that it
               | lacks perfect knowledge, which would only be exacerbated
               | by acting too early.
        
               | majewsky wrote:
               | > The problem with _entities_ is that _they lack_ perfect
               | knowledge, which would only be exacerbated by acting too
               | early.
               | 
               | FTFY. Nothing about this is exclusive to governments.
        
           | MivLives wrote:
           | 2017. That last crypto boom. After that whole run we should
           | have probably looked into more regulations.
        
         | manofmanysmiles wrote:
         | So bad people did bad things to stupid people using made up
         | numbers, so people with guns should take other made up numbers
         | and give them to people with guns, and tell the people with
         | guns to make sure the bad people don't do bad things to the
         | stupid people, because they know what's best for them because
         | they're too stupid and incapable of becoming strong enough for
         | the big scary world?
        
           | azangru wrote:
           | > so people with guns should take other made up numbers and
           | give them to people with guns, and tell the people with guns
           | to make sure the bad people don't do bad things to the stupid
           | people
           | 
           | I think people who are doing the telling actually don't have
           | guns; but are sitting atop a made-up hierarchy.
        
             | manofmanysmiles wrote:
             | This is true. However, the people with the guns believe in
             | the hierarchy so effectively the people doing the telling
             | have the force of violence behind their words.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | parker_mountain wrote:
           | Despite your tone, actually, yes.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > I do hope it dies out, it should have been heavily regulated
         | from the get go.
         | 
         | On the other hand, if it had been heavily regulated from the
         | get-go, there would be tremendous pressure to bail it out now,
         | so maybe it's for the best that it wasn't regulated by the
         | government.
         | 
         | It would have been nice if there was a countervailing force to
         | the billionaire-savior cults promoting it, but unfortunately
         | our media environment promotes those ideas rather than combat
         | them.
        
           | PragmaticPulp wrote:
           | > On the other hand, if it had been heavily regulated from
           | the get-go, there would be tremendous pressure to bail it out
           | now, so maybe it's for the best that it wasn't regulated by
           | the government.
           | 
           | This isn't true at all. The FTX collapse is more akin to
           | something like Madoff's Ponzi scheme, which was significantly
           | larger and did not get a bailout.
           | 
           | The financial bailouts you're comparing this to were mostly
           | loans that were paid back with interest, which init
           | equivalent to the government handing money over to compensate
           | for someone's fraud.
           | 
           | The idea behind the regulation would be to prevent these
           | situations from becoming so large in the first place. FTX
           | deliberately avoided locations with regulation so they could
           | perpetuate their fraud. So, no, regulations in the US would
           | not have impacted how FTX operated in the Bahamas nor would
           | they have any interest in bailing out a foreign company.
           | 
           | Finally, regulation doesn't _cause_ bailouts. There's no rule
           | that says regulated industries get bailouts while unregulated
           | industries don't. You're conflating two completely different
           | topics and trying to pass them off as one in the same.
        
         | bergenty wrote:
         | Outside of cash there needs to be a viable method to do
         | anonymous transactions- be it illegal or not. I don't think
         | crypto is going away for this reason alone.
        
           | eldaisfish wrote:
           | Cash is backed by the military force and economic heft of the
           | country issuing it. For an alternative to exist, it must
           | first and foremost be able to hold its value reliably and
           | that is precisely the niche filled by gold.
           | 
           | Crypto will never fill that void.
        
         | BeFlatXIII wrote:
         | > trusted celebrities on an ad
         | 
         | A fool and his money...
        
       | davewritescode wrote:
       | I hope it is but I suspect it won't be.
       | 
       | The bottom line is that the benefits of crypto have been
       | exaggerated by people who, in may cases, don't have everyone's
       | best interest at heart while the downsides have been vastly
       | understated. It's particularly frustrating to hear people tout
       | the ability to bypass the government when it fact that the most
       | popular cryptocurrencies make it trivial for governments to track
       | every transaction.
       | 
       | The reality that crypto evangelists never want to talk about is
       | that to the average person, crypto is a MUCH worse experience
       | than what they have today. Why would I buy something with crypto
       | when my credit card offers me a ton of consumer protections?
       | Especially if I'm buying something from an entity on the internet
       | who may or may not be trustworthy.
        
       | sys_64738 wrote:
       | Did anybody on here make any $$$ from crypto? It was all a scam
       | in my eyes so I just focused on VTI.
        
         | mmkos wrote:
         | Yes. I made $30k by selling dogecoin that I bought all the way
         | back in 2014. Not a fortune by any means, but a respectable
         | amount nonetheless.
        
         | jobs_throwaway wrote:
         | I've bought a lot of cool (illicit) stuff using crypto, and my
         | investments in it are still massively up
        
       | giantdude wrote:
       | I hope it's the end of centralized exchanges.
        
       | m00dy wrote:
       | No, There is no entity to bail out corrupted, centralized crypto
       | exchanges. The philosophy is that what doesn't kill you makes you
       | just stronger. So, Crypto will come back stronger than ever.
       | Nothing is too big to fail in crypto, unlike cancerous financial
       | institutions in the current system
        
       | colesantiago wrote:
       | Yes and it should be the start of the complete downfall of
       | Crypto.
       | 
       | So sick and tired of this absolute grift, it always 100%
       | guaranteed ends in failure.
        
       | meehow wrote:
       | Fractional reserve is a scam, not crypto. Every institution which
       | doesn't have money which they promised to keep safe, should
       | collapse. Proof of reserves and audits are extremely easy in
       | crypto and it doesn't require any regulations. Self custody of
       | crypto is also pretty simple. Market is young, people greedy and
       | as a result we got this domino of falling companies. Even after
       | Mt. Gox collapse people didn't learn much, but I quietly hope it
       | will come.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | > Market is young, people greedy and as a result we got this
         | domino of falling companies.
         | 
         | People are always going to be greedy. I'm not sure what you
         | think will change in the future that will make large actors in
         | the cryptocurrency space behave any more ethically.
         | 
         | > Proof of reserves and audits are extremely easy in crypto and
         | it doesn't require any regulations.
         | 
         | A. So why is no one doing them regularly?
         | 
         | B. Is "proof of liabilities" similarly easy? What stops a
         | company from taking out a massive loan "off blockchain" using
         | their blockchain assets as collateral?
        
         | audunw wrote:
         | > Fractional reserve is a scam, not crypto.
         | 
         | Why? Because you say so? Fractional reserve banking is
         | generally heavily regulated such that most of the value created
         | from new loans are tied to actual physical value in the real
         | world. Fraction reserve banking is genius in my opinion,
         | because if you want to take out a loan to build say a mine, or
         | an oil well, that you know is going to generate millions in
         | value, you're not fully dependent on finding smoe kind
         | benefactors to loan you their own money to open that mine. If
         | you can prove to the bank that you are likely to be able to
         | create value greater than what you're borrowing, they'll create
         | that money for you. And that's how it should be. If you're
         | adding say $10 million to the economy, it's not a problem at
         | all that $5 million was created out of thin air to enable that.
         | In fact, that's exactly what you want. Ideally nobody who is
         | able to create significant value should be stopped just by the
         | lack of capital.
         | 
         | There are cases where lending isn't tied to value creation,
         | like loans for consumption or stock gambling. Those should be
         | regulated out of existence, but that's not fundamentally a
         | problem with fractional reserve banking.
         | 
         | Loans for purchasing land is also iffy.. I think Georgism may
         | be a solution to that.
         | 
         | Crypto is the exact opposite of a well regulation fractional
         | reserve banking system. The creation of cryptocurrencies,
         | espcially with PoW, is tied to the _destruction_ of value
         | (wasted electricity and silicon), not creation of value. IMO,
         | that makes it fundamentally unsustainable.
         | 
         | > Proof of reserves and audits are extremely easy in crypto and
         | it doesn't require any regulations.
         | 
         | You say that, but everything we've seen so far indicates the
         | exact opposite. Perhaps it's easy in theory, but nobody seems
         | to be interested in doing it.
         | 
         | I suspect with all the regulations, external systems and
         | oracles necessary to make sure it's all correctly audited,
         | you'll find that you could just as easily do without a PoW/PoS
         | blockchain and have a far more efficient system. Maybe a proof-
         | of-authority blockchains can make sense, just so you have some
         | explicit cryptographically signed trace of who you're trusting
         | in a transaction. Trustless systems are a lie. You'll always
         | find you need to trust some humans/organization in the end.
        
         | RandomLensman wrote:
         | Fractional reserves does not mean there are no assets vs the
         | deposits.
        
       | AzzieElbab wrote:
       | I love the tech but I keep looking at crypto as a financial
       | system build on nothing and backed by nothing. Financial system
       | is a luxury that has to be a functional layer build on top of
       | some economy but crypto is so standalone it is basically only
       | supported by peoples interest in it. They forgot to build the
       | economy and went straight to money and finance
        
       | SevenNation wrote:
       | > The disappointment is that, 14 years after the Bitcoin
       | blockchain was invented, little of this promise has been
       | realised. Crypto's frenzy drew in talent from bright graduates to
       | Wall Street professionals, and capital from vc firms, sovereign-
       | wealth and pension funds. Vast quantities of money, time, talent
       | and energy have been used to build what amount to virtual
       | casinos. Efficient, decentralised versions of mainstream
       | financial functions, such as currency exchanges and lending,
       | exist. But many consumers, fearful of losing their money, do not
       | trust them. Instead they are used to speculate on unstable
       | tokens. Money-launderers, sanctions-dodgers and scammers abound.
       | 
       | Here's the thing: Bitcoin doesn't need you, Mr. Entrepreneur. It
       | doesn't need your black turtleneck savant charisma. It doesn't
       | need your ambition. It doesn't need your "innovation." It doesn't
       | need your groveling before regulators to build your moat. And
       | most of all, it doesn't need your VC money.
       | 
       | This is a problem for said entrepreneurs and VCs. Because they
       | have turtlenecks beanbags, money, innovation, and groveling just
       | burning holes in their collective pockets - waiting to find an
       | outlet.
       | 
       | But it turns out that "crypto" and "DeFi" do need Mr.
       | Entrepreneur and his merry band of VCs. A lot. Why? Because these
       | are efforts to replicate the existing financial system on the
       | sandy foundation of "blockchain." And that's an expensive
       | business.
       | 
       | Toss in the loosest monetary policy in US history and the recipe
       | is complete. A quorum of charismatic entrepreneurs fleecing
       | gullible VCs and depositors out of fake wealth, tossing it into a
       | big pile, dousing with a liberal quantity of gasoline, and
       | setting the entire thing ablaze.
       | 
       | This may or may not be the end of "crypto," but Bitcoin continues
       | to operate just as before - without the need for exchanges,
       | regulators, entrepreneurs, financiers, or visionaries.
        
         | efficax wrote:
         | > This may or may not be the end of "crypto," but Bitcoin
         | continues to operate just as before - without the need for
         | exchanges, regulators, entrepreneurs, financiers, or
         | visionaries.
         | 
         | Bitcoin absolutely needs exchanges. Sure, it's a self contained
         | decentralized system that could keep churning along without
         | needing anything but computation and the internet, but the day
         | you can't exchange btc for fiat is the day bitcoin goes back to
         | 2010, when it was a curiosity that isn't useful for much of
         | anything. The only reason crypto is interesting to anyone
         | except the most true of true believers is that you can exchange
         | it for real money. What is the _point_ of it without exchanges?
        
         | lupire wrote:
         | What is Bitcoin _doing_ while it operates?
        
         | sjsdaiuasgdia wrote:
         | Here's the thing: the public doesn't need Bitcoin. The public
         | needs quite a few of the services and functions that the
         | existing financial system provides. Bitcoin on its own is
         | unable to provide many / most of these.
         | 
         | The last handful of True Believers can shuffle Bitcoin among
         | themselves indefinitely, this is true. But does that have any
         | more significance to the world than a multiplayer game someone
         | creates for only them and their friends to play, handing game
         | items back and forth among themselves?
        
       | honestduane wrote:
       | I can only hope crypto dies soon.
       | 
       | Its actively a violation of the GDPR and this illegal in the EU.
       | 
       | It violates human rights laws, including privacy laws, and is
       | this illegal in most other places.
       | 
       | It violates all the laws around SWIFT, at the international
       | level, so its illegal under these laws.
       | 
       | It never should have existed. Its a grift and a scam; Even NFT's
       | vanish when the host doesn't want the expense of hosting other
       | peoples images.
        
         | j0hnyl wrote:
         | How does crypto violate gdpr?
         | 
         | It's pseudonymous so no PII.
         | 
         | What privacy laws does it violate?
         | 
         | On-chain NFTs will not vanish.
        
         | kirevmaco wrote:
         | > It violates all the laws around SWIFT, at the international
         | level, so its illegal under these laws.
         | 
         | But SWIFT itself is working with a "crypto" project:
         | 
         | https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/smallbusiness/swift-is-partn...
        
       | nineplay wrote:
       | I'm not a crypto user so I may not understand the ramifications,
       | but while I can see why "imminent death of crypto" headlines seem
       | like clickbait, is it fair to say that this is the end of the
       | crypto exchanges? This is the end of the your average Joe
       | investing in crypto because they saw a cool ad during the Super
       | Bowl?
       | 
       | I could understand how that would translate to "gone" in the
       | practical sense. There will still be the true believers and get-
       | rich-quick believers and criminals, but it will be completely out
       | of the public's view. No more ads and stadiums and F1
       | sponsorships.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > ... is it fair to say that this is the end of the crypto
         | exchanges?
         | 
         | I think it's fair to say that exchanges and websites promising
         | 8% or 15% year-on-year returns are done. They're not coming
         | back any time soon. They'll now be called out by everybody. And
         | probably legislated out of existence too.
         | 
         | But the end of Coinbase? Coinbase seems legit. Sadly for them
         | the very _bank_ they 're using, Silvergate (ticker SI), may be
         | a goner. So USDCs emitted by Coinbase may or may not be
         | worthless (and moreover seizable by the state to bail out
         | Coinbase investors before Coinbase customers).
         | 
         | I'd like to see how exposed to Silvergate Coinbase is.
         | 
         | I hope Bitfinex dies a painful death. I hope Binance crashes
         | and burn.
         | 
         | I hope every single exchange accepting USDTs falls.
         | 
         | But I do hope Coinbase, a HN unicorn, survives.
        
       | curioushacking wrote:
       | As a general financial instrument there seems to be too large an
       | opportunity for fraud and scams that it seems to generally not be
       | worth it outside of hedges against hyper inflation.
       | 
       | But the general idea of web3, personal ownership of data that you
       | can seamlessly move to different interfaces, and as a way to
       | trust documents still all seem like great reasons to have public
       | ledgers. This may not be in the currency space, but I feel like
       | general crypto is something I would like to see in the future.
       | 
       | I also love the idea of moving fully to stable coins for better
       | tracking related to tax implications. I'm not sure of how this
       | would work fully, but there seems far too much opportunity for
       | tax evasion and fraud under the current systems and moving to a
       | stable coin seems like it could aid in that regard.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | grzes wrote:
       | i would say that it is just begining
        
       | sgt101 wrote:
       | There will be another go around - at least one.
       | 
       | Next time will be different(TM) There will be a new breed of
       | crypto entrepreneurs(TM). There will be a new generation of
       | smarter, more savvy, sophisticated investors (TM). Everyone will
       | wear crisp white cotton this time. They will be blonder, or
       | darker, or more vegan.
       | 
       | The wheel will spin again, some people will steal some money off
       | other people who will loose everything.
        
       | wzy wrote:
       | MLM and Ponzi are is still going strong, so crypto has nothing to
       | worry about.
        
       | eddsh1994 wrote:
       | People say this every bear market. We will be hearing this again
       | in a few years after it goes up and back down again.
        
       | boringg wrote:
       | Curious what Chris Dixon and A16z have to say about it.
        
         | jdminhbg wrote:
         | Something like this, most likely:
         | https://www.semafor.com/article/11/16/2022/andreessen-passed...
        
           | boringg wrote:
           | Sounds like it didn't pass the sniff test with them.
        
       | k__ wrote:
       | The sentiment "inside of crypto" seems to be "The MtGOX collapse
       | was worse"
       | 
       | Less money, but overall bigger negative impact.
        
       | dudeinhawaii wrote:
       | The end of crypto? No. But could it become the Magic Cards, AOL,
       | or MySpace of this generation? Sure. They may even have the
       | staying power of MLM companies like Amway.
        
       | sbf501 wrote:
       | "There's a sucker born ever minute."
       | 
       | So, no, not the end.
        
       | violiner wrote:
       | > Never before has crypto looked so criminal, wasteful and
       | useless.
       | 
       | That's really saying something!
        
       | doc_gunthrop wrote:
       | Another case of Betteridge's law.
        
       | ryanSrich wrote:
       | If I had a nickel for every time the MSM called the death of
       | crypto I'd probably be able to buy one bitcoin by now.
        
         | throwaway743 wrote:
         | Seriously. This has been asked and called time and time again,
         | but has been proven wrong each time
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | It has that in common with everything that has ever failed,
           | in that none of those things had ever failed before they
           | failed.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Ah yes, the logistic fallacy. There are always new people to
           | rope in, the world's population is not finite.
        
       | smithcoin wrote:
       | Which will come first: the year of the linux desktop, full self
       | driving teslas or the death of crypto?
        
         | strix_varius wrote:
         | Hell, we're already in the age of the linux desktop, we're just
         | not calling it that:
         | 
         | > At 37 million units, Chromebooks represent just under 11
         | percent of the total PC market, ahead of the Mac, with 27
         | million units and a 7.8 percent share.
         | 
         | https://www.thurrott.com/mobile/chrome-os/chromebook/262126/...
        
           | fsflover wrote:
           | Time to talk about Linux on mobile perhaps.
        
         | MrMan wrote:
         | self-murdering crypto on the desktop is already here, so
        
       | ploppyploppy wrote:
       | No
        
       | Bhurn00985 wrote:
       | Are we already seeing the positive impact on total energy
       | consumption levels ? What a waste this has been.
        
       | revskill wrote:
       | Yes, end of a circle for a new circle ;)
        
       | jpadkins wrote:
       | my take: crypto (PoS shitcoins) will take a hit, bitcoin comes
       | out looking better than ever.
        
       | etskinner wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/coBBz
        
         | mjburgess wrote:
         | Piggybacking on this link, since many seem not to have read the
         | article.
         | 
         | But this is one of the most pro-crypto articles I've ever read.
         | It may as well be a submarine, in the PG sense.
        
       | willio58 wrote:
       | Most crypto-related projects are scams or money-rushes. But SOME
       | will survive and be built after this with all of the learnings of
       | the past few years. This is all very reminiscent of the dot com
       | crash and how media was talking about the internet during the
       | crash. If things follow that same path for crypto, this is really
       | just the beginning of crypto.
        
       | ilrwbwrkhv wrote:
       | I think more than anything, this has made a16z and Sequoia lose
       | all their merit and credibility. They are now no more than some
       | sneaky crypto grifters who can sneak off to Argentina or Dubai
       | and their ideas and thoughts have zero intellectual value.
        
       | ccbccccbbcccbb wrote:
       | This is the final chapter of the blockchain story, created from
       | the scratch by the bankers, who lured early adopters with ideals
       | of anonymity, digital anarchy and other cryptopunk ravings, made
       | them run the prototype of bankers' future monetary system at
       | their own and later investors' expense, provided for schemes to
       | make rich richer and poor poorer, made huge profits for the
       | energy-generating companies, and what the economist really says
       | now is a gloating 'thank you, nerds and wannabe-billionaires, you
       | can now go to hell and don't mess in the way of us the big guys'
       | 
       | Expect a world-wide blockchain-based banker-controlled
       | centralized biometrically authenticated One World Currency soon,
       | which you can loose access to for walking a red light, wearing a
       | pajama in public, not joining the next scheduled Je Suis Charlie
       | charade or refusing to jab.
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | Here's how I see it:
       | 
       | Crypto as an investment - Not your keys, not your coin.
       | 
       | Crypto as a currency - I can't _directly_ buy food, water,
       | shelter, transportation, energy, or anything fundamental with it.
       | 
       | I know acceptance is growing, but 10+ years later, crypto still
       | has extremely limited acceptance for daily goods and services. It
       | is almost exclusively held as an investment.
        
         | stephc_int13 wrote:
         | This is not an investment because there is no asset behind it.
         | (no production)
         | 
         | It is a speculative vehicle.
        
           | cynusx wrote:
           | It's an abstraction of the stock market imo. People who
           | bought and sold stocks also never understood there was
           | something of value beneath it and just look for "is it going
           | to go up?" and "why is it down?"
        
           | philippejara wrote:
           | The rights to Mickey Mouse are about as productionless as any
           | crypto, and I'd struggle to find anyone that doesn't think it
           | would be a great investment.
        
             | rhino369 wrote:
             | Disney makes Mickey Mouse cartoons and uses it as branding.
             | It doesn't have value just because Disney thinks it could
             | sell the rights for more later. In fact, they don't ever
             | want to sell it.
        
             | seizethegdgap wrote:
             | Well, the Steamboat Willie version of Mickey Mouse will be
             | entering public domain soon.
        
         | ptudan wrote:
         | I work for a crypto payments firm
         | 
         | We're getting there and you can already use our product at 50k+
         | stores in the US.
         | 
         | Even in this market, merchants are still interested. We
         | launched new ones this week.
         | 
         | Comparing us to Visa or Paypal we are rinky dinky af, no
         | denying that. But we are definitely growing.
         | 
         | Your lens of investment vs currency is also very US based.
         | Consider countries that frequently experience huge rates of
         | inflation. Non-fiat money can be valuable for them.
        
           | solumos wrote:
           | I also work for a crypto payments firm
           | 
           | There's a lot of interest in taking crypto payments
           | mainstream, but large, established institutions are unwilling
           | to expose themselves to the regulatory risk they would take
           | on by building this stuff.
           | 
           | A lot of these folks express extreme skepticism in the media,
           | but are super willing to talk/partner in private.
        
         | mattwest wrote:
         | >I know acceptance is growing, but 10+ years later, crypto
         | still has extremely limited acceptance for daily goods and
         | services. It is almost exclusively held as an investment.
         | 
         | Which makes sense considering its volatility. Why would I make
         | transactions with a unit of currency that sees hundreds of
         | percentage change over just a few years?
         | 
         | And as others say, there is no real value to it other than
         | speculation. This gets argued to death, but it's true. At least
         | fiat has stability, and the USD is used to settle basically all
         | energy (and most commodity) transactions. Do people actually
         | expect the commodity market to be settled with crypto in the
         | future?
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > Why would I make transactions with a unit of currency that
           | sees hundreds of percentage change over just a few years?
           | 
           | Why wouldn't I? If I'm going to hold bitcoin for five
           | minutes, what do I care how its price changes over years?
           | 
           | The problem with bitcoin is that the technology is shit, and
           | sucks for transactions, unless the world is prepared to only
           | do like 50 transactions a minute.
        
             | mattwest wrote:
             | That's only considering the scenario of end-user purchasing
             | and also not considering resale.
             | 
             | Goods go through supply chains. Multiple transactions occur
             | over a period of time in order to create a final good.
             | 
             | Service industries need to supply themselves with various
             | goods in order to provide their services. The cost of those
             | goods are used to price their services. When there is huge
             | volatility through these processes, things fall apart.
        
         | ignoramous wrote:
         | > _Crypto as a currency - I can 't directly buy food, water,
         | shelter, transportation, energy, or anything fundamental with
         | it._
         | 
         | Cryptocurrency payments is a flourishing market, btw.
        
           | Spivak wrote:
           | Where? I don't mean this as snark. Are there any household
           | brands that actually accept crpyto?
        
             | livueta wrote:
             | I think household brands are the exact opposite of where
             | there's been movement: ime, it's concentrated in spaces
             | where there's a need or incentive to dodge moralistic
             | payment processing cartels. The classic example is
             | obviously DNMs, but it is expanding into areas that are
             | legal but difficult to process payments for, like firearm
             | parts or porn. Since those payment processors are, if
             | anything, getting more opinionated, I bet that trend will
             | continue, along with the "I personally disapprove of or do
             | not require the utility provided by the technology, so I
             | will claim it has no utility at all" arguments.
        
         | redox99 wrote:
         | > Crypto as a currency - I can't directly buy food, water,
         | shelter, transportation, energy, or anything fundamental with
         | it.
         | 
         | Not surprising, considering the technology isn't there yet.
         | Scalability (and thus fees) are still unsolved. UX has so much
         | to improve as well.
         | 
         | It's advancing, but it takes time.
        
       | bertman wrote:
       | "Any headline that ends in a question mark can be answered by the
       | word no." -Betteridge's law
       | 
       | (Although in this case I wish the answer would be yes)
        
         | cryptonym wrote:
         | Another headline ending with a question mark:
         | https://www.nasdaq.com/articles/will-crypto-recover-heres-wh...
         | 
         | I think we hit a paradox.
        
       | johnnymorgan wrote:
       | This again...every single time we get the death of Bitcoin
       | articles.
       | 
       | And every single time the honey badger of financial networks just
       | doesn't give a shit.
       | 
       | The tech is solid, people are not, this is not a new information
        
       | coffeeblack wrote:
       | Another year, another "the end of crypto" craze.
        
       | barbazoo wrote:
       | I never know what people mean when they say "crypto". Are we
       | talking about coins, de-fi, blockchain? Just yesterday I was
       | presented with an option to pay for a standing desk in ETH and I
       | don't see how FTX's downfall would change that. Is ETH just
       | another scam? Very confusing stuff.
        
       | dragontamer wrote:
       | Fundamental issues of cryptocurrency economy:
       | 
       | 1. Biggest pushers are seemingly tech-bros from FANG companies.
       | These companies are laying off staff in record numbers. The
       | biggest cryptocoin believers therefore, will have less income
       | than ever before (in ~3 months or so, after their severance is
       | paid, they'll have to start drawing on savings if they didn't get
       | a job yet... and getting a job in this economy is going to be
       | harder)
       | 
       | 2. Fed Rate hikes. Cryptocoins and stablecoins (especially
       | "staking" concepts) were rationally attractive when your savings
       | account returned 0% and when Treasury Bonds were 0.1% to 1.5%. A
       | risky yield-earning instrument may have been... erm... risky, but
       | it seemed like even with the risks you'd beat a savings account.
       | Today, HYSA savings accounts are 3% and the St. Louis Fed
       | President argues they're going to 5%. Its a much more difficult
       | to sell yield-making instruments (such as "staking" Ethereum)
       | when the "safe" risk-free rate is at 5%.
       | 
       | 3. Inflation. Instead of being a hedge on inflation, cryptocoins
       | collapsed in the face of it. There are still inflation worries in
       | the economy.
       | 
       | 4. Mainstream awareness. Earlier this year, Cryptocoins bombarded
       | the typical normie with advertisements. Matt Daemon said "Fortune
       | favors the bold" for Crypto.com. FTX had Larry David do ads for
       | them. FTX bought out the Miami Heat stadium naming rights. NFTs
       | were on talk-shows, being shilled by Jimmy Fallon and Paris
       | Hilton. Cryptocoin's era of growth is over, everyone is now
       | "aware" of cryptocoins and adjacently NFTs. Entering the public
       | consciousness only happens once, from now and forever more,
       | people are "aware" of cryptocoins and have formed opinions on it.
       | It will not happen again.
       | 
       | 5. Scammy reputation. The Celsius and FTX bankruptcies are in the
       | public consciousness. (See #4: for many people, FTX was the
       | public face of cryptocoins thanks to their superbowl ads). That
       | these institutions couldn't even last 1 year after their
       | commercial will forever damage cryptocoin reputation. Sure, Mt.
       | Gox had similar issues back in 2014, but Mt. Gox didn't buy the
       | naming rights to a stadium or host Superbowl commercials.
       | 
       | Seeing cryptocoins grow under these circumstances seems like a
       | longshot to me.
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > 3. Inflation. Instead of being a hedge on inflation,
         | cryptocoins collapsed in the face of it.
         | 
         | I don't disagree with the other points but... That one remains
         | to be seen. Bitcoin was precisely created as a gigantic middle
         | finger to the central bank's endless money printing to bail out
         | the financial system. That's the message in the genesis block
         | ("Chancellor on the brink of second bank bail out": it's as
         | political as it gets). The early adopters, before the poker
         | players (Bitcoin was used to facilitate players-to-players
         | transfer on poker sites before Silkroad and drugs where I thing
         | IIRC), were libertarians and anarchists fed up with the FED.
         | 
         | This hasn't changed, so far. There are only going to ever be 21
         | million Bitcoin. Ethereum, at the moment, is deflationary (more
         | ETHs are burned than created through proof-of-stake).
         | 
         | You get, what, 5% on your USD: great. But real inflation is,
         | say, 12%. So that's still 7% down.
         | 
         | There's a price at which people are going to enter BTC and
         | Ethereum with the promise that it won't be inflated to death.
         | 
         | Many may not like it. _" Inflation in the two digits, good!.
         | Helicopter Ben: savior of the economy. Bank bail outs
         | mutualizing losses: perfection by our beloved state!"_.
         | 
         | But there are still people out there who see the value in
         | something that cannot be printed at will.
         | 
         | I'd say _especially so_ when the FTX and Tether of this world,
         | at times in bed with officials, are printing at will their
         | worthless token and dumping them on retail with the blessing of
         | the New York Times.
         | 
         | > There are still inflation worries in the economy.
         | 
         | Precisely.
         | 
         | I'm certainly not keeping all my life savings in
         | cryptocurrencies. I was all in cash after the war in Ukraine
         | started and I'm certainly enjoying the firesales on many stocks
         | right now (Stanley, Makita, ASML, Intel, 3M and a shitload of
         | stocks I handpicked are totally on sale: it was time to sale
         | when everybody was yelling "TINA" and the war in Ukraine
         | started and it's time to buy now that everybody is yelling
         | "falling knifes, it may fall another 90%"... Yeah, sure. If all
         | the companies I handpicked are falling 90% more, I'll load up
         | the truck and retire in a fancy yacht in a few years).
         | 
         | But this entire USDT/FTX scam (with the blessing of the SEC and
         | CFTC), these shitty tokens created out of SBF's farts (sorry
         | but it's how it is) and these centralized exchanges makes me
         | want to go bullish on BTC / ETH. I'm waiting for tether to go
         | bust to go in bigger.
         | 
         | Many hate it here: BTC may not be worth much but "your keys
         | your coins" and as long as it's not totally outlawed, nobody is
         | going to prevent me from storing BTC (mo matter their value) on
         | a hardware wallet.
         | 
         | And f--k fractional reserve banking, f--k bail-ins (Cyprus), f
         | --k the vicious states stealing people's money (Spain, where
         | banks offered crazy return rates to their customers then
         | defaulted on the principal) and certainly f--k mutualized bank
         | bailouts.
         | 
         | I have zero confidence in USD / EUR. I have zero confidence in
         | banks. I believe in stocks and, yes, in BTC and ETH on my own
         | hardware wallet.
        
           | ManuelKiessling wrote:
           | > I have zero confidence in USD / EUR. I have zero confidence
           | in banks. I believe in stocks and, yes, in BTC and ETH on my
           | own hardware wallet.
           | 
           | I'm eager to learn at which institutions you plan to buy and
           | sell your stocks, and which currency you are planning to use
           | to do so.
        
           | dragontamer wrote:
           | > You get, what, 5% on your USD: great. But real inflation
           | is, say, 12%. So that's still 7% down.
           | 
           | Sure. But lets say you put $100,000 into BTC last year,
           | exactly 1-year ago. BTC's price on Nov 17, 2021 was $60,3xx
           | or so. So you'd have 1.66 BTC. Today, that BTC is worth
           | $16,650 or so. Or $27,639
           | 
           | Then, real inflation is... I don't think 12% but I don't feel
           | like arguing. So I'll use your numbers. According to your 12%
           | inflation number, you're at $24322.32 in 2021 dollars.
           | 
           | That is to say, if I stuck with US Dollars, I'd largely have
           | most of my money. If you used BTC, you'd have lost most of
           | your money.
           | 
           | ---------
           | 
           | We've had the big inflation event that the BTC community was
           | "hoping" for for years. And BTC *FAILED* the test. Everyone
           | who bet on an "inflation hedge" lost most of their money.
           | 
           | > I was all in cash after the war in Ukraine started
           | 
           | I bought oil. An oldie but a goodie strategy. Wars need oil,
           | and Ukraine/Russia have substantial oil trade, so I knew that
           | oil prices would rise.
           | 
           | Also, because oil is a huge component of inflation, its...
           | like... actually an inflation hedge? (EDIT: I guess others
           | could have bought food futures, like grain and/or corn, given
           | the huge amount of Farmland in Ukraine that's been hampered
           | by the war, plus also as an inflation hedge since Food is
           | another major component of inflation. That would have done
           | well too)
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | So you're into it for political reasons as much as anything
           | else?
        
         | jimcavel888 wrote:
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | ETH validators are around 8% right now, not 5%.
         | 
         | The 'risk' is that the developers don't successfully implement
         | withdrawal or that the whole network goes down. Two, imho, huge
         | risks and part of the reason I don't personally stake at this
         | time. That said, eip-1559 and 'the merge' did happen, without
         | much of a hitch at all, which are pretty major accomplishments.
         | Confidence in the developers is a bit higher now as a result.
         | 
         | source: validator rewards section of https://ultrasound.money/
        
           | colineartheta wrote:
           | Care to comment on the Ethereum Foundation now removing all
           | reference to a date in which "staked" ETH can be withdrawn?
           | Or perhaps commenting on the fact that to become a validator
           | requires 23 ETH, or approximately $28,000 of upfront
           | investment that cannot be withdrawn in order to achieve your
           | stated yield?
        
             | dragontamer wrote:
             | Indeed. It should be noted that the Fed Rate / Risk Free
             | Rate / Overnight lending rate is... well... overnight
             | lending. Its the rate you get for a 1-day loan for
             | tomorrow.
             | 
             | Its about as risk-free as you can get. So when the Fed Rate
             | goes from 3% to 3.75% or whatever (for overnight loans),
             | all other loans (ie: riskier 6-month, or 12-month, or
             | 10-year, etc. etc.) have to go up in yields to compensate.
             | 
             | -------
             | 
             | Its difficult to compare Ethereum "staking" with
             | traditional finance, because traditional finance has much
             | better guarantees. My SWVXX and VMFXX money at 3.6% can be
             | withdrawn (or deposited) at 5pm every business day. Its
             | extremely liquid, far more so than Ethereum staking.
             | 
             | Further adding to the complications, Coinbase allows you to
             | trade cbETH (wrapped Ethereum), which is Ethereum that has
             | been staked at Coinbase. Its not entirely clear when cbETH
             | can be withdrawn and turned back into ETH.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | There are multiple liquid ETH staking pools where you
               | deposit your ETH and get their token in return. You don't
               | even need the full 32.
               | 
               | https://ethereum.org/en/staking/pools/
               | 
               | These tokens have also been trading at discounts to ETH
               | if you want to just buy and hold the token, which should
               | eventually reach parity to ETH. That can also be an
               | additional gain, but incurs additional risk.
        
               | dragontamer wrote:
               | > which should eventually reach parity to ETH
               | 
               | You're ignoring the issue here.
               | 
               | When I'm talking Fed Rate, its _OVERNIGHT LENDING_. Its
               | not "eventually reach parity with dollar", its "this will
               | turn into a real dollar tomorrow". Its a loan that is as
               | safe as you can possibly get.
               | 
               | You're trying to compare Ethereum staking with the Fed's
               | overnight lending. The risk/reward structures at play
               | here are completely different.
               | 
               | The Fed Rate is the shortest, and safest, loan in the
               | entire marketplace. Ethereum staking is kinda similar in
               | some respects (as a yield granted by the "Ethereum
               | system" itself, its kinda sorta like a central bank
               | rate), but it... really isn't. Because it has an ill-
               | specified withdrawal time.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | > _You 're trying to compare Ethereum staking with the
               | Fed's overnight lending._
               | 
               | I don't know how you're drawing that conclusion from my
               | comment.
               | 
               | I am responding to your comment about coinbase and
               | suggesting that they aren't the only product on the
               | market. I also wanted to point out the fact that there
               | are other actually liquid solutions to eth staking.
               | 
               | The coinbase product is more like staking as a service,
               | but centralized, and not recommended.
               | 
               | https://ethereum.org/en/staking/#how-to-stake-your-eth
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | 32 ETH
        
       | kurtreed wrote:
       | The end of cryptography? Somehow I doubt it.
        
       | rvz wrote:
       | Betteridge's Law of headlines suggests: No.
       | 
       | So no, it is not the end of crypto, no matter how many scams,
       | rug-pulls, bans, etc, etc.
       | 
       | Sorry to burst the bubble and to give the answer you didn't want
       | to hear, especially for those who have been begging for its end
       | after 14+ years for it to all be banned and to be 100% totally
       | shutdown.
       | 
       | Crypto is here to stay.
        
         | citiguy wrote:
         | Wow, I never heard of Betteridge's law before, but it makes
         | perfect sense. TIL something new!
        
       | tabtab wrote:
       | Evolution generally requires "extinction events" to shake things
       | up.
        
       | legutierr wrote:
       | We are making steady and inexorable progress through the
       | technology hype cycle.
       | 
       | From earlier this year:
       | 
       | https://emtemp.gcom.cloud/ngw/globalassets/en/articles/image...
       | 
       | Now we enter the Trough of Disillusionment.
       | 
       | Given the general accuracy of this model/metaphor in the past,
       | should we consider it to be any different this time around?
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | Because the "Trough of Disillusionment" has already happened
         | 3-4 times...
        
         | efficax wrote:
         | This graph is missing a key aspect: the "it utterly fails and
         | we never speak of it again" section.
        
           | legutierr wrote:
           | I imagine that would be your preferred outcome.
        
             | efficax wrote:
             | well i'd prefer if it had never gotten to where it is,
             | because every crash in the crypto markets wipes out the
             | savings of some sucker who didn't know better. that sucks.
        
         | canadianwriter wrote:
         | As others have said: what about the stuff that never catches
         | on?
         | 
         | 3D TVs AR glasses Luggage that follows you around phones with
         | projectors built in Segway etc
        
         | jmcphers wrote:
         | The hype cycle is not applicable to every technology. Some,
         | probably even _most_ , technologies are eventually found to not
         | be useful or valuable, and never recover once the hype bust
         | happens and the technology is forced to compete in the
         | marketplace based wholly on its merits.
        
           | legutierr wrote:
           | Are you saying that crypto (or blockchain) cannot compete
           | based wholly on its merits?
        
       | bena wrote:
       | Bitcoin survived MtGox. I'm sure crypto will survive to tulip
       | another day.
        
         | felipellrocha wrote:
         | i see what you did there
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | throwup wrote:
       | I'll add this to the list.
       | 
       | http://bitcoinisdead.org/
        
         | xtracto wrote:
         | I prefer this one: https://99bitcoins.com/bitcoin-obituaries/
        
           | TremendousJudge wrote:
           | Some great content there. Randomly clicked at one reportedly
           | from 2011[1]:
           | 
           | >Beyond the most hardcore users, skepticism has only
           | increased. Nobel Prize-winning economist Paul Krugman wrote
           | that the currency's tendency to fluctuate has encouraged
           | hoarding. Stefan Brands, a former ecash consultant and
           | digital currency pioneer, calls bitcoin "clever" and is loath
           | to bash it but believes it's fundamentally structured like "a
           | pyramid scheme" that rewards early adopters.
           | 
           | They were correct on both counts. Since then, proponents have
           | simply stopped trying to sell it as a currency (buy your
           | games in bitcoin! pay your rent in bitcoin! -- that was the
           | initial pitch), and its pyramid scheme structure has only
           | been exploited, not fixed.
           | 
           | [1] https://99bitcoins.com/the-rise-and-fall-of-bitcoin/
        
         | MacsHeadroom wrote:
         | Great site!
         | 
         | Looks like Bitcoin has been announced dead about twice a week
         | since its inception!
         | 
         | This will probably continue for the foreseeable future.
        
         | colesantiago wrote:
         | Looks this website is dead and gone, just like all the money
         | people invested in FTX, crypto and bitcoin.
        
           | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
           | I think it moved to the obituaries...
        
           | jobs_throwaway wrote:
           | my bitcoin is up a few 1000% actually
        
       | z3 wrote:
       | full article -> https://archive.is/coBBz
        
       | agentultra wrote:
       | It will continue to fall under increased scrutiny and market
       | regulation until it's no longer profitable to run any kind of
       | financial system on it.
       | 
       | There will still be believers and people who will throw money at
       | it and try.
       | 
       | But I think they will have a harder time convincing investors
       | going forward.
       | 
       | I suspect it will end up mirroring the MLM market: still there,
       | still profitable for a few, but depends largely on an uninformed
       | base of people getting roped in by their friends and relatives
       | who are already caught up in it.
       | 
       | Like Avon but for tech bros.
        
         | strix_varius wrote:
         | I would argue it's already Avon for tech bros.
         | 
         | That $10,000 Avon "investment" by a teacher making $30k is
         | similar to a $100,000 crypto "investment" by a tech bro making
         | $300k.
        
           | agentultra wrote:
           | Trying to imagine Bloomberg managing an Avon market analysis
           | dashboard and reporting on every peak and drop.
        
       | firmnoodle wrote:
       | I look forward to the day when The Economist and FT don't
       | conflate Bitcoin with all the crypto tokens out there.
        
       | smileysteve wrote:
       | No, but for retail, yes.
       | 
       | It's going to be a long time before the retail $16bn + contagion
       | try it again, and they probably won't trust it for growth,
       | interest bearing accounts; It also may not be needed for interest
       | bearing accounts as the Federal Reserve seems to be on a path to
       | offer meaningful rates for the long term.
       | 
       | So it's likely the end of mass market crypto? or effective
       | advertising for major sporting events (F1, Miami Heat, LA)
        
       | achenatx wrote:
       | crypto is supposed to be money that is outside the control of
       | central banks or governments.
       | 
       | As a result it is good for:
       | 
       | Getting your money out of a country that is trying to stop you
       | from doing that
       | 
       | Transferring your money across borders when the government wants
       | to impose high tariffs
       | 
       | Protecting your money from central banks when governments have
       | decided to freeze your bank accounts
       | 
       | Protecting your money from a government that reckless with the
       | native currency where you have no way to have accounts to store
       | large amounts of foreign currency
       | 
       | You might say that this only applies to criminals, but the
       | definition of criminal might just be whoever happens to be a
       | target of a government. Many governments around the world are
       | dictatorships and can decide to confiscate assets on a whim (e.g.
       | china).
       | 
       | When the jews fled germany or the chinese fled communist china,
       | they took what they could (often times gold or gems). Crypto is
       | potentially a way to flee a bad situation while avoiding being
       | robbed by carrying your wealth as gold.
       | 
       | Finally it would be interesting if BRICS started transacting oil
       | in crypto. It would be a way to possibly break the US dollar as
       | the world reserve currency.
        
       | bearjaws wrote:
       | Didn't blow up enough to scare people away long term, it will be
       | back soon enough.
        
         | varispeed wrote:
         | This is coming up every now and then that Bitcoin is no more.
         | This video is still relevant:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XbZ8zDpX2Mg
        
         | ryanSrich wrote:
         | Exactly. FTX.com wasn't even legal in the US. The Terra/Luna
         | crash was WAY worse for people, and that didn't do much to
         | scare people away.
         | 
         | BTC has held above $16k, which is really saying something
         | considering the circumstances.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | A bunch of crypto-coins held up off the market with
           | bankruptcy trustees for the next decade?
           | 
           | Heck, Mt. Gox hasn't even paid out yet!
           | 
           | Crypto is dead until your neighbor that is dumber than you
           | starts getting richer than you, _again_!
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | BTC, A deflationary currency that lost 75% in value in a
           | year, despite all the problems coming from projects that
           | aren't even BTC.
        
             | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
             | > A deflationary currency that lost 75% in value in a year
             | 
             | I don't know, my BTC is still worth one BTC.
        
               | reducesuffering wrote:
               | That is sure to comfort you if it buys the equivalent of
               | a candy bar.
        
               | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
               | At $15/each, by the time we get back down to $15/BTC
               | maybe it will buy me a candy bar.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | hellotomyrars wrote:
               | And what are you going to do with it that isn't based on
               | it's value relative to fiat currency?
        
               | WrtCdEvrydy wrote:
               | Stare at it on my phone.
        
               | rhino369 wrote:
               | You should work for the white house.
               | 
               | What inflation? 1 USD is still 1 USD.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | Well sure. And one Papiermark is still worth one
               | Papiermark.
        
           | tromp wrote:
           | I believe BTC won't drop below $9k until Tether collapses.
           | That will be a day worth celebrating...
        
           | jayd16 wrote:
           | What's significant about $16k?
        
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