[HN Gopher] What Happened at Alameda Research
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       What Happened at Alameda Research
        
       Author : amadeuspagel
       Score  : 413 points
       Date   : 2022-11-15 08:33 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (milkyeggs.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (milkyeggs.com)
        
       | choeger wrote:
       | A $3M monthly AWS bill. that's a nugget here. What that means is
       | that amazon, Microsoft, and google are essentially selling
       | shovels during a gold rush. On a subscription basis. In a form
       | that makes it tedious and costly to actually figure out how many
       | shovels your business has, what they do and who uses them
       | regularly.
       | 
       | Essentially, when there's a digital market hype, the big cloud
       | providers collect their share on the revenue. Brilliant.
        
         | abkolan wrote:
         | It was 3M yearly.
        
         | Kiro wrote:
         | That's like saying people selling food during the actual gold
         | rush were brilliantly capitalising on it and equivalent to the
         | ones selling shovels.
        
         | Dunedan wrote:
         | Google not so much, as they still accumulate losses with GCP.
         | [1]
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252523200/Google-
         | results...
        
         | nicpottier wrote:
         | Yearly, not monthly.
        
         | rr888 wrote:
         | I remember during the dotcom boom people thought the
         | infrastructure providers like Sun Micro would be safer, but it
         | got screwed along with the website companies.
        
         | systemicdanna wrote:
         | That doesn't sound like a valid criticism of cloud service
         | providers. Or shovel sellers.
        
           | rippercushions wrote:
           | It sounds more like an admiring compliment. Although for
           | cloud providers, the costs of things like hackers stealing
           | credentials and using them to mine shitcoins are also
           | considerable.
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | It doesn't sound as a criticism at all.
        
       | lordnacho wrote:
       | Makes some sense. When stuff is messy, you can do financially
       | stupid things. I've sat on desks that lost money from not
       | realizing some very simple things like having options with
       | upcoming dividends. If SBF really was on drugs and playing League
       | of Legends badly, perhaps he also didn't know what was happening
       | in his shop.
       | 
       | But... you have all this money. Hire an adult? Almost anyone
       | who's had a trading desk job would tell you to clean up. You
       | don't need to have much experience to do this part, just get one
       | of your friends that you must know from the business?
       | 
       | Also, WTF would this say about Ontario Teachers' Pension Fund or
       | Sequioa if the whole team was on drugs, playing games all day,
       | and having no idea what their balance sheet looks like? I
       | actually got Ontario into a fund I was at, and we'd have lost the
       | investment if we hadn't behaved like adults. This is causing me
       | some cognitive dissonance, because I don't think of the investors
       | as the kind of people who'd even smile if they found me in the
       | office playing a video game, let alone addled on drugs.
       | 
       | Also about the market making strats not working anymore, I don't
       | see why they'd even need it. Once the exchange is jump started
       | and you have WM/Jump/JS on board, there's MMs on the platform and
       | it feeds itself. Just keep marketing running. Hand out some FTT
       | or something to retail. Do silly advertisements. Just turn off
       | the algo that doesn't work.
        
         | jsemrau wrote:
         | >If SBF really was on drugs and playing League of Legends
         | badly, perhaps he also didn't know what was happening in his
         | shop
         | 
         | You can be drunk by your own success. Without a voice of reason
         | or an adult in the room (like sheryl sandberg) that can be
         | quickly deadly.
        
         | wikfwikf wrote:
         | The Ontario Teachers' investment is outrageous. They are
         | charging middle-class people (by definition) good money from
         | their retirement savings to make reasonable investing decisions
         | and do due diligence.
        
           | thablackbull wrote:
           | OTPP has quite a solid reputation and this particular
           | investment was a miniscule speculative bet. You can see the
           | performance over time here [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.otpp.com/en-ca/investments/our-advantage/our-
           | per...
        
             | origin_path wrote:
             | How do you know there aren't many other bets like this on
             | their sheets?
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | They are quite open about their investments:
               | https://www.otpp.com/en-ca/investments/our-investments/
               | 
               | Here are the other bets in their venture category:
               | https://www.otpp.com/en-ca/investments/our-
               | investments/teach...
        
             | wikfwikf wrote:
             | It's not about performance or risk management, it's about
             | due diligence. They should not be giving any amount of
             | money to an organization with such poor internal checks of
             | their finances.
        
               | pigtailgirl wrote:
               | --if you made an investment based on audited books but
               | the books were still cooked - what more can you do? -
               | audit the auditer maybe - at some point you have to trust
               | the books --
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | What if you made an investment based on not seeing any
               | books, there not being any reliable guide as to the
               | company's liabilities, seen or unseen, and not being
               | aware of any regulation or oversight preventing fraud
               | and/or blowing up? But you had a good feeling about the
               | company's hype and the CEO seemed like a nice young man
               | with main character energy?
               | 
               | If the company turns out to be a fraud and the investment
               | worthless, are you still entitled to say "nobody could
               | have known" and "only 1 in 10 has to be a winner"?
        
               | mbesto wrote:
               | I'm sorry but thats not how it works. This investment was
               | made out of their venture fund which deliberately makes
               | risky bets, but is a small amount of the overall pie.
               | OTPP is fine and is going to produce returns which are
               | favorable, let's stop with the hyperbole.
        
           | andromeduck wrote:
           | They have 220B AUM.
        
             | spaceman_2020 wrote:
             | Doesn't matter. It's still a neglect of their fiduciary
             | duties.
        
             | wikfwikf wrote:
             | Canadian teachers and retired teachers have $220b, which
             | they paid into the plan from their not particularly opulent
             | pay packets. Nearly $100m was given to a company based in a
             | regulatory haven, which does not know to within $5bn how
             | much money it has, and which was able to steal from its
             | customers without any oversight.
             | 
             | Ontario Teachers were an anchor investor in a round which
             | lots of less clueless people must have passed on.
             | 
             | Not sure why you think this is ok.
        
               | fatneckbeardz wrote:
               | an enormous amount of our economy is based off
               | gaslighting and manipulation
               | 
               | they can blur the line between honest mistake, gross
               | negligence, nepotism, corruption, and thievery, enough
               | that people who will applaud beating up a shoplifter for
               | taking 20 dollars of junk will say "oh but they have nice
               | suits and went to Stanford" about someone who gave 75
               | million dollars for magic beans.
        
               | sebzim4500 wrote:
               | They accepted the risk of losing $100m because they
               | thought there was a significant chance of getting a much
               | bigger return. Obviously in this case the bet didn't pay
               | off, but putting 0.05% of the AUM in a high risk
               | investment is hardly a scandal.
        
               | pigtailgirl wrote:
               | -- also it was out of their early stage fund - the vast
               | majority of their money is in traditional investments -
               | don't understand why everyone is so up in arms - they
               | really think they know better than the most successful
               | investment group in Canada? --
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | Why do an investment group which is successful in making
               | large, traditional, real money investments think they
               | know better than the numerous seasoned venture funds and
               | experienced crypto investors who did not give $95m to
               | FTX?
               | 
               | What was it about FTX's lack of internal controls or
               | experienced decision-makers which only TVG was able to
               | identify as a source of value?
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | Lol. FTX's investors were a whose who of "seasoned
               | venture funds and experienced crypto investors".
               | 
               | Sequoia, Third Point Iconiq etc. Coinbase Ventures gave
               | them money. Blackrock was an investor.
               | 
               | If you want to see FTX as an indictment of the entire
               | venture industry I think there is an argument to be had
               | there. But picking on OTP is just a lazy rhetorical
               | device. They made a similar investment to other funds in
               | the industry they are in, that was a reasonable size of
               | their portfolio in an investment style known to be risky.
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | Coinbase Ventures (a fund whose wheelhouse is, uh,
               | investing in crypto ventures) did not invest anything
               | like $95m.
               | 
               | Your fourth example, Blackrock, is tellingly neither a
               | seasoned venture fund nor an experienced crypto investor.
        
               | pigtailgirl wrote:
               | -- their portfolio is pretty fantastic - so they made 1
               | bum investment based on cooked books - VC is literally
               | about standard deviation --
               | 
               | https://www.otpp.com/en-ca/investments/our-
               | investments/teach...
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | Teacher's Venture Growth is 8bn AUM. It makes complete
               | sense to me that Ontario Teachers as a whole should put
               | 4% of its assets into a venture fund.
               | 
               | TVG put well over 1% of its assets into FTX. Numerous
               | people who work for the venture fund, who are paid
               | 10-100X the income of the retirees in the fund to make
               | investing decisions, went ahead with this investment
               | without asking themselves:
               | 
               | 1. Why isn't there a crypto-savvy lead investor for this
               | funding round? Why are we, Teachers Venture Growth, the
               | best placed people to make this investment?
               | 
               | 2. Why are 3 individuals with, ostensibly, enormous
               | personal wealth, seeking outside investment from Ontario
               | Teachers for this business?
               | 
               | 3. Why isn't this business headquartered in a
               | jurisdiction where people who commit massive financial
               | fraud will be investigated and held to account?
               | 
               | 4. What checks and balances regulate the relationship
               | with Alameda, a hedge fund which a) trades with leverage
               | and favorable fee structures on FTX b) is reputed (long
               | before the Series B and the recent trouble) to have
               | privileged access to FTX data c) is run by a romantic
               | partner of the head of FTX?
               | 
               | 5. Who are the grown-ups at FTX? You might well think
               | that SBF and his posse have some magical crypto skills.
               | But why don't they have senior people with experience in
               | accountancy, compliance, or risk management helping keep
               | them on the right path? This is the easiest question to
               | answer - you can simply check who works for them, who's
               | on risk committees and other oversight bodies, and what
               | their resume is.
               | 
               | People like to excuse massive due diligence failings like
               | this by pointing out that not all venture investments are
               | supposed to end up in the money. It's fine, _if you have
               | huge winners_ , to use them to justify a certain number
               | of losers.
               | 
               | If you don't have a proven track record for finding out-
               | of-the-park winners, it's perfectly reasonable to ask why
               | you think you can risk large amounts of money on things
               | that look dubious to other investors, while not
               | performing basic checks.
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | 1% of the 4% for a single years worth of capital isn't
               | that much, especially considering the good reputation and
               | other high end investors putting money in.
        
               | drpgq wrote:
               | Unlike in the US, Ontario teachers are paid well relative
               | to the average Canadian, especially with their pensions
               | taken into account.
        
         | SkyMarshal wrote:
         | _> I actually got Ontario into a fund I was at, and we 'd have
         | lost the investment if we hadn't behaved like adults. This is
         | causing me some cognitive dissonance, because I don't think of
         | the investors as the kind of people who'd even smile if they
         | found me in the office playing a video game, let alone addled
         | on drugs._
         | 
         | They might been starstruck by Sequoia more than SBF and his
         | team, and just gone along for a ride with the most storied VC
         | firm in the world.
        
         | kasey_junk wrote:
         | I'm no expert in the space but was under the impression FTX was
         | still considered a low volume exchange. If Alameda mm was still
         | providing substantial volume they may have felt the price they
         | were paying being bad at trading was worth it from a marketing
         | point of view. This was the same crew buying stadium naming
         | rights and over paying for eSports teams.
         | 
         | As for hiring an adult, have you seen some of the things
         | they've said in public? They thought the adults were wrong!
         | Like on a mathematical level. People that far into their own
         | cult-think don't want outside help.
         | 
         | Finally, the Ontario Teachers thing feels extremely overblown.
         | They put in 75m of ~220b aum. That's a minuscule investment in
         | a category that was clearly part of their highly speculative
         | book. I think people keep bringing it up for the "think of the
         | teachers!" benefit, but of a pension fund doesn't have some
         | outsized return opportunities on their book they'll not be able
         | to cover their outflows under certain future economic
         | scenarios.
        
           | lordnacho wrote:
           | OTP put in something like that in the fund I was at. Yes it's
           | small for them but it's still serious, the guy in charge
           | wants to move on to bigger things.
           | 
           | Oh and I totally forgot to comment on the math. Kelly
           | criterion, I don't get how the guy could have studied physics
           | at MIT and not understood it. It's simply a result that tells
           | you how much to bet of your stash if you are presented with
           | some repeated betting opportunity. It's essentially an
           | extension of high school level probability theory, with
           | similar clean-room constraints (independence, etc). There's
           | also a continuous version of it using Sharpe ratios, no
           | surprises.
           | 
           | If you read anything about it, it's very very not smart to
           | bet beyond the ideal size. This is actually the reason why a
           | lot of people use less than the ideal, because you don't want
           | to end up over the hump. Both the assumptions that underlie
           | the result and the measurements of the parameters are not
           | easy to ascertain, so don't act like it's a dice game within
           | a known environment.
           | 
           | By the way anyone studying Kelly Criterion needs to read
           | this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proebsting%27s_paradox
        
             | bee_rider wrote:
             | I don't want to besmirch this particular person I've never
             | met, but I definitely _have_ met engineers who look at the
             | stock market, look at their sophomore or junior level
             | signal processing class and decide that all those Econ guys
             | are a bunch of dummies and they could totally beat the
             | market with some Fourier transforms or whatever (the fact
             | that investing firms hired a bunch of quants is left
             | unaddressed). So, I could see somebody making this sort of
             | error.
        
               | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
               | I'm friends with a retired quant, and one thing I learned
               | from him is the big firms on wall street will hire the
               | absolute most brilliant people they can even to work on
               | utterly banal well known basic strategies. PhD's doing
               | high school math. Because when you're moving billions,
               | nothing is actually basic.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | SnowHill9902 wrote:
             | Kelly criterion is not the best strategy for one. It's the
             | best strategy for an ensemble of ones in many universes but
             | you can only live in one universe. It's a nerd trap because
             | it seems so elegant and reasonable.
        
               | anonymoushn wrote:
               | This isn't true? If you aggregate utility across
               | universes using addition and have utility linear in
               | wealth then you maximize your aggregate utility by going
               | all-in on every favorable bet.
               | 
               | Kelly turns out to be equivalent to maximizing expected
               | log-wealth, if one stays within a single universe, or to
               | maximizing the probability that one will eventually have
               | more wealth than any agent in the same universe that
               | employs any other strategy on the same sequence of
               | opportunities.
        
               | kwertyoowiyop wrote:
               | Only on HN is it necessary to define that we are only
               | discussing the single-universe case!
        
               | SnowHill9902 wrote:
               | You are still using infinite universes: expected value
               | and probability still are calculated across an ensemble
               | of parallel universes.
        
               | anonymoushn wrote:
               | This is the worst comment I have ever read. There are
               | reasonable definitions of expected value and probability
               | that do not require infinitely many universes to figure
               | out whether you should raise pre-flop with aces.
        
           | xhkkffbf wrote:
           | Yes, the crash at FTX gets all of the press, but it's really
           | the slow motion collapse of things liken pension funds that
           | should really be getting our attention. SBF is just a piker
           | compared to the pension funds.
        
           | tpxl wrote:
           | > FTX was still considered a low volume exchange
           | 
           | According to a random source, they moved volume on the order
           | of 500 billion. Transaction fees of 0.1% for 500 billion is a
           | lot of million to keep the lights on.
        
             | anonymoushn wrote:
             | For a maker and taker with best fees, the exchange only
             | made 0.5bps, not 10bps. We happen to know that top rebates
             | were pretty hard to achieve though, so most volume probably
             | paid at least a couple more tenths of a basis point.
        
               | blitzar wrote:
               | > According to a random source, they moved volume on the
               | order of 500 billion.
               | 
               | According to FTX, the entire market moved 250 billion
               | including derivatives of which they were 13 billion
               | 
               | https://ftx.com/volume-monitor
        
               | anonymoushn wrote:
               | In the trailing 24 hours, presumably sampled at the time
               | FTX's servers for dynamic content such as logging in and
               | trading were shut down. also did you reply to the wrong
               | person?
        
       | ZeroGravitas wrote:
       | I liked the chapter in Nate Sivers' Signal and the Noise when he
       | talks about how hard it is to know if you're a good professional
       | poker player.
       | 
       | Been a while since I read it but feel like even after a couple of
       | years of winning games and tracking his own performance, he had
       | enough stats knowledge to realise that he didn't actually know if
       | he was good or just lucky. The noise swamped the signal.
       | 
       | This feels relevant to many of these trading things where people
       | start to believe their own BS.
       | 
       | If you've flipped a coin and it's came up heads 10 times in a
       | row, why wouldn't you bet everything on it happening again?
       | You're really good at getting heads when you flip. Humans aren't
       | really built for that kind of thing.
        
         | Naga wrote:
         | Another book in this vein is Taleb's Fooled By Randomness.
        
         | pge wrote:
         | The same is very true in VC investing. Because any individual
         | partner does not make that many bets per year, and the time
         | frame to exit is long, it is very difficult to distinguish
         | skill from luck (including being in a long-term bull market
         | like the last decade).
        
         | bambax wrote:
         | In Midnight Run (1988) when Marvin finds the Duke and Jack in
         | the sandstone of Red Rock Country he exclaims "Am I lucky or am
         | I just good?":
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gokkl2br7G8&t=152s
         | 
         | Later in the movie, when Marvin decides to ask for more money
         | and takes a Polaroid of the Duke in the bathroom of the motel,
         | he comments to himself: "I amaze myself... I'm always
         | thinking."
         | 
         | The thing is, the character of Marvin is quite dumb, not a nice
         | person and above all someone who never grasps the full picture
         | -- but at the same time he has good instincts and is, in fact,
         | a fairly good hunter. It's a dangerous combination.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | blitzar wrote:
         | In crypto as in wall street bets. If your sample is "a bull
         | market when every single week the price is higher than the
         | previous" - then the signal and the noise confirm; if you lose
         | money on monday _buy the dip_ with your client funds - because
         | you cant possibly lose.
        
       | Avado wrote:
       | Going forward we actually need to get back to the principals.
       | Self-custody, bankless as much as possible. Using exchanges only
       | as on- and off-ramps.
       | 
       | Here is an article about some bear market strategies if you have
       | the courage to look forward and stay after the FTX scandal.
       | 
       | https://ava.do/blog/safest-crypto-bear-market-strategies-in-...
        
       | zone411 wrote:
       | This looks like a plausible scenario about what happened at
       | Alameda that matches with what I read earlier (especially the
       | effect of Luna's collapse):
       | https://twitter.com/AutismCapital/status/1592406121368543233...
        
       | halukakin wrote:
       | "FTX periodically uses a portion of its profits to buy back FTT
       | tokens. This makes FTT kind of like stock in FTX: The higher
       | FTX's profits are, the higher the price of FTT will be."
       | 
       | I think this is an interesting alternative to equity vesting. Not
       | all countries have laws that make equity vesting possible. Also
       | this could work if you are a US company and hiring from all
       | abroad. You can give tokens to your employers abroad, keep the
       | token valuable as long as the company is profitable. What do you
       | think?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hn_20591249 wrote:
         | It could work, but the moment FTX started allowing FTT to be
         | put down as collateral on multi-hundred million dollar
         | liabilities, the entire house of cards fell apart.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | > Not all countries have laws that make equity vesting
         | possible.
         | 
         | However, if tokens are securities, that doesn't mean you can
         | legally sell/give them tokens either.
        
       | hiidrew wrote:
       | This is a great summary of what I've read so far. I haven't read
       | any of Levine's coverage but this is certainly a better breakdown
       | than the NYT piece.
        
       | gedy wrote:
       | Maybe a silver lining to all this is the vaporizing of some of
       | the money printed into existence over past decade.
        
       | KVFinn wrote:
       | The extensive use of stimulants is alarming, though heavily
       | speculative.
       | 
       | What does the league of legends article say? That part seemed
       | crazy speculative. I'm bottom quartile at FPS and fighting games
       | but I enjoy them and play a lot. Dota 2 as well. And I've been
       | top 1 percent at other games. Even higher for a bit in Auto
       | Chess. I hope this isn't evidence of brain damage...
        
         | martynr wrote:
         | FWIW: as a bona fide user of various anti-parkinsonian
         | medications for their intended purpose, I can say with a degree
         | of confidence that the speculation on cognitive impact (and
         | impairment) is very plausible - and that the article is
         | factually correct on the side effects in a Parkinson's context.
         | God knows what they would do to a brain with a "normal"
         | dopamine level.
         | 
         | It's also worth noting (and quite frankly pretty harsh when you
         | eventually realise) that the affected brain has massive
         | difficulty recognising its own altered cognition and perceives
         | its distorted interpretations and consequent chains of response
         | as perfectly natural and justified.
         | 
         | Not drawing any specific conclusions on the particular
         | assertions in the article, but IMHO the interpretation is
         | certainly plausible given the apparent drugs involved.
        
           | 55555 wrote:
           | There was a VERY interesting article on HN recently about the
           | risk-taking/compulsive side effects of dopamine drugs.
        
             | jwozn wrote:
             | Got a link? Would be interested in reading this.
        
             | par wrote:
             | link?
        
         | Laaas wrote:
         | Depends on what you mean by a lot. Thousands of hours? You
         | might want that checked out.
        
           | rejectfinite wrote:
           | Some just play for fun and not in ranked.
        
       | mola wrote:
       | This is really low quality 'reporting'. Those tangents about how
       | bad SBF blog is compared to Carroline's. Wtf? He calls out NYT
       | research, but he bases his "research" on random anonymous forum
       | msgs... The world really is dumbing down...
        
       | gillesjacobs wrote:
       | I like how OP opens smugly by calling the NYT article a fluff
       | piece, then proceeds to immediately cite anonymous Twitter
       | anecdotes as better sources.
       | 
       | He's right about the specific NYT article not including much
       | pertinent information, but they're a serious journalistic
       | publication and have verification standards for sources.
        
         | lawrenceyan wrote:
         | The person who wrote this post is pretty well known in the
         | crypto space. Not saying that what was written here is
         | guaranteed to be accurate, but it's likely to be much closer to
         | reality than what the New York Times put out.
         | 
         | To be clear, I enjoyed Levine's commentary on the situation so
         | it's not just because I dislike mainstream publications.
        
           | trompetenaccoun wrote:
           | Never heard of them, I've been in the crypto space for many
           | years. Their social media looks like it's run by a teenager
           | and I'm not not being facetious, it literally reads like a 14
           | year old boy runs the account. The person also writes so many
           | tweets they'd hardly have time for serious work. Over 90% are
           | jokes, memes and rumors.
           | 
           | https://nitter.cz/0xfbifemboy
           | 
           | Not sure how this stuff makes it to the top on HN.
        
             | fatneckbeardz wrote:
             | cmon man anonymous twitter > new york times
             | 
             | milkyeggs dot com is disupting journalism, by
             | permissionless quote tweeting and decentralized fact
             | checking.
             | 
             | and if you join now using my code "FNB" you can get 20
             | percent off your first milky coin.
        
             | huimang wrote:
             | "The person also writes so many tweets they'd hardly have
             | time for serious work."
             | 
             | This statement makes zero sense. What is the arbitrary
             | threshold of tweets to "serious work"? What correlation is
             | there to making tweets and writing articles? This is just a
             | weird form of elitism - congrats on not posting tweets, I
             | guess.
        
             | lawrenceyan wrote:
             | It's how you say, the "lingua franca"?
             | 
             | I myself greatly enjoy it and am happy to see it become
             | more widespread, but that's mostly because I grew up
             | immersed in the culture.
        
             | wil421 wrote:
             | Yikes he posted a screenshot of your comment on Twitter. I
             | agree with you about the tone and despise reading meme
             | filled articles or tweets.
        
               | hytdstd wrote:
               | I'm confused, I don't see any memes in the article. Were
               | they deleted?
        
               | [deleted]
        
         | petchyindee wrote:
         | Where were the verification standards of the NYT when they
         | advocated for the Iraq War, for example? Trust in mainstream
         | media is at an all-time low, and for good reason. These appeals
         | to authority seem out of touch to me.
        
         | anonu wrote:
         | Agreed. This article is a fun read at best.
        
         | wweeeebb wrote:
         | The NYT article was biased. Have you read it? Read the author's
         | other articles and the sharp shift in tone. He is strictly
         | apologetic towards the FTX ponzi scheme, the author's behavior
         | is to the level which one could call morally compromised. He
         | has a history of badmouthing other exchanges (e.g. Kraken)
         | while singing the praises of FTX.
         | 
         | Appeals to authority are weak compared to facts laid bare. The
         | fact is that the NYT author has made clear biases against other
         | exchanges and overly forgiving of a single exchange guilty of
         | customer theft, which is papered over in his article. This is
         | unusual compared to all other reporting of FTX amongst
         | mainstream jouranlists. There were no articles attempting to
         | humanize Bernie Madoff, this article hides the fact that SBF
         | ran a ponzi scheme, imagine the same with Madoff, it would be
         | shocking. This is shocking.
         | 
         | Imagine having the Bernie Madoff subheading, "he had expanded
         | too fast and failed to see warning signs". This is the scale of
         | ludicrousness here. The facts aren't subjective or unclear in
         | any way, FTX didn't have customer deposits, which they claimed
         | to have up even until the very end. When it comes to
         | journalism, this is an unforgivable failure.
        
         | wikfwikf wrote:
         | But the author makes it very clear in the second par "our
         | claims only remain tentative at best".
         | 
         | Isn't it much more useful to write something which actually
         | tries to answer the question of what happened, albeit with
         | appropriate caveats, than something which doesn't advance the
         | understanding of the reader at all?
        
           | TotoHorner wrote:
           | The New York Times piece is even worse, since it paints a
           | misleading picture of SBF and his cronies losing all the
           | money accidentally rather than malice (far more likely).
        
             | andromeduck wrote:
             | The guy is Bronxe 2/3 in league - there's nothing to
             | degrade.
        
             | nl wrote:
             | Actually it's almost the opposite.
             | 
             | This piece speculates _very_ strongly about SBF 's
             | stimulant usage degradating his cognitive abilities. Eg:
             | 
             | > If the above observations about SBF's personality and
             | competence are even half true, that would go a great deal
             | toward explaining Alameda's losses.
             | 
             | The entire article goes into much further depth. But it
             | doesn't even speculate about malice.
        
               | blitzar wrote:
               | "their systems became unprofitable" - "Alameda & FTX
               | jointly continued to lose large amounts of money" -
               | "uncompetitive market-making strategies, risky lending
               | practices" - "erratic behavior and unprofitable
               | gambling".
               | 
               | > losing all the money accidentally rather than malice
               | (far more likely)
               | 
               | They sound an awful lot like trading / accidental losses
               | than malice to me.
        
               | anonymoushn wrote:
               | Normally if your fund is out of money and your exchange
               | is fine you could spin down the fund rather than stealing
               | customer money from the exchange
        
               | blitzar wrote:
               | Normally you dont have a fund and an exchange sharing
               | capital
        
               | oldgradstudent wrote:
               | Alameda was a hedge fund. It could lose all of its money
               | and it would be totally fine.
               | 
               | The moment they touched customer funds it became fraud
               | and theft.
               | 
               | This was not accidental. Losing it in trading might have
               | been, but it was trading with stolen funds.
        
               | nl wrote:
               | I agree with that. I don't think this was malice though -
               | just extreme stupidity (and hopefully criminal). I think
               | they thought they could trade their way out of it.
               | 
               | That's different to malice which goes to motivations.
        
               | anonymoushn wrote:
               | Alameda just non-maliciously gave their own account
               | special privileges on their own exchange, non-maliciously
               | front-ran customer orders, non-maliciously traded on
               | material nonpublic information (their own exchange
               | listings), non-maliciously used their ownership of their
               | exchange to strike trades that caused them $400mm of
               | losses in one of their multiple KCG-style algorithmic
               | meltdowns, non-maliciously stole billions of dollars from
               | their exchange's customers, non-maliciously lied about
               | Bahamas residents being senior to all other creditors so
               | they could withdraw hundreds of millions of dollars
               | again, non-maliciously "hacked" their exchange wallets to
               | steal additional hundreds of millions of dollars from
               | their creditors, and non-maliciously prematurely unlocked
               | hundreds of millions of dollars of FTT and sent it to
               | binance to dump.
        
               | oldgradstudent wrote:
               | All with the best of intentions.
               | 
               | For the greater good of humanity. The most effective
               | altruism.
        
               | nl wrote:
               | Yes to be clear I agree. I'm saying the article doesn't
               | claim malice.
        
           | naijaboiler wrote:
           | despite being tentative, I would guess its the best
           | explanation of what happened. Their handing out margins, and
           | market-making approach with Alameda left them potentially
           | liable to losing lots of money really fast.
        
           | rkagerer wrote:
           | There's so much rampant speculation in this article... for me
           | it lost a degree of credibility around the point he fixated
           | on the drug aspect. Despite all the disclaimers.
           | 
           | Yes, it paints one picture of how the losses could have added
           | up, but I'm looking forward to more exhaustively investigated
           | reports grounded in more than heresay and gossip.
        
             | anonymoushn wrote:
             | If Alameda employees tell Twitter DM groups of systematic
             | traders what happened at Alameda, it's hearsay, but if they
             | tell NYT employees, it's an exhaustively investigated
             | report.
        
             | andromeduck wrote:
             | We have photographic evidence. What more do you need?
             | 
             | This isn't a criminal court.
        
             | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
             | Completely unrealistic.
             | 
             | You'll never find rampant drug abuse in the financial
             | industry.
             | 
             | Certainly _not_ on Wall St.
        
               | williamcotton wrote:
               | Is it more fun to read and talk about the story if it
               | covers existing tropes about rampant drug abuse in the
               | financial industry or more fun to read and talk the story
               | without those tropes?
               | 
               | Is it more fun if the shared story has a clear villain or
               | more fun if the shared story has a diffusive, complex
               | relationship between good and bad between not only the
               | characters but also the readers?
        
         | why_only_15 wrote:
         | the anonymous Twitter anecdotes are clearly far better than
         | what the NYT people can come up with because Twitter is where
         | all of these people spend their time.
        
         | bigbacaloa wrote:
         | Agreed. I'm sure that the NYT checks that its twitter sources
         | have the little blue check mark before publication.
        
         | dereg wrote:
         | > they're a serious journalistic publication and have
         | verification standards for sources
         | 
         | It goes both ways. It seems like they didn't do much
         | verification of Sam's claims.
        
         | jasmer wrote:
         | It's a 'puff piece' because they essentially take his words
         | almost at face value, almost as if they are supporting his
         | argument and don't dig more cynically into the underbelly of
         | the issue.
         | 
         | There are a lot of really crazy things happening with this
         | story they don't touch upon.
         | 
         | It's worse than a 'puff piece' to the point I suggest there is
         | background manipulation going on. This is 'reputation
         | laundering'.
         | 
         | There is a huge amount of money here, and a ton of very, very
         | powerful people involved.
         | 
         | I suggest that within a few weeks this will be known to be
         | truly a criminal enterprise and this NYT article will not age
         | well.
        
         | TotoHorner wrote:
         | > He's right about the specific NYT article not including much
         | pertinent information, but they're a serious journalistic
         | publication and have verification standards for sources.
         | 
         | Ok? Regardless, this piece does a significantly better job than
         | the NY Times and the "serious journalistic publication".
         | 
         | The times articles actually misleads readers into thinking that
         | the FTX downfall was moreso from bad timing & outside attacks
         | then from SBF fraudulently stealing user funds.
         | 
         | > immediately cite anonymous Twitter anecdotes as better
         | sources
         | 
         | The Twitter accounts directly quoted have many followers and a
         | long history of tweets that are easily searchable.
         | 
         | If you're referring to the Autism Capital tweet, that's a tweet
         | of a photograph which you can look at yourself. It's clearly a
         | stimulant that says EMSAM on it.
         | 
         | Name the specific tweets in the piece that you find incredulous
         | rather than an ad hominem.
        
         | shawabawa3 wrote:
         | The NYT article is a shockingly bad puff piece. It doesn't once
         | mention fraud. Doesn't call out that Alameda borrowing funds
         | from FTX deposits is insanely illegal
         | 
         | Makes it sound like poor SBF got unlucky and it wasn't his
         | fault he recklessly gambled $8+B of customer deposits
        
           | spaceman_2020 wrote:
           | Given both SBF and Caroline's family connections, I'm not
           | surprised that the MSM is going to treat them with kid
           | gloves.
        
             | headsoup wrote:
             | Let me guess, the article doesn't even mention those
             | connections?
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | Interesting, this displays a classic problem with the NYT: they
         | end up searching for their lost keys under the streetlamp since
         | that's where the light is. If they report on an organization
         | that has $1 million in verified assets, but the organization is
         | suspected to have $999 million in assets and $2 billion in
         | liabilities, they will report the organization as solvent
         | because they have verification standards for sources and are a
         | serious journalistic publication. Therefore, they can only
         | publish about the $1 million in verified assets. The
         | organization could therefore be widely suspected to be
         | insolvent, but reported by the NYT as solvent.
         | 
         | In fact, that's what happened this time.
         | 
         | Perhaps this is why the NYT's Judith Miller has such prominent
         | roles in journalism.
        
         | ZephyrBlu wrote:
         | If you had been following this whole saga at all you would know
         | that Twitter anons have been a way better source of information
         | than anyone else.
         | 
         | The on-chain anaylsis, digging and commentary done by people on
         | Twitter has been insanely insightful.
        
           | SilverBirch wrote:
           | Twitter might provide _more_ information than the NYT, but
           | there 's a reason NYT doesn't publish it - because the NYT
           | wants to be reliable. They want their claims to actually
           | stand up to scrutiny and be an accurate portrayal of the
           | events we know happened. Whereas big chunks of this article
           | are just pure speculation. The whole section about how
           | Alameda might have had a rogue algo are just made up out of
           | whole cloth. Is it true? Who knows, there's certainly no
           | evidence for it, but let's stick it down as $1Bn of loss
           | anyway.
           | 
           | This article is very little more than just a gossip rag
           | version of the NYT article.
        
             | gd1 wrote:
        
             | rglullis wrote:
             | I too once believed that newspapers were focused on
             | providing quality information.
        
             | wikfwikf wrote:
             | The NYT article is headlined "How Sam Bankman-Fried's
             | Crypto Empire Collapsed". The parts of the article which
             | actually answer this question are, in their totality, as
             | follows:
             | 
             | > Alameda had accumulated a large "margin position" on FTX,
             | essentially meaning it had borrowed funds from the
             | exchange,
             | 
             | Par 6. Common knowledge, finance-splained and followed by
             | equivocation and hand-waving from SBF.
             | 
             | > On Nov. 6, Mr. Zhao announced on Twitter that he was
             | selling the FTT, spooking customers who rushed to withdraw
             | their FTX deposits
             | 
             | Common knowledge for more than a week (in par 28). More
             | well-known things about the Zhao deal in the next couple of
             | pars. Obv suggesting the two key questions, why did they
             | need a bailout in the first place, and what was wrong with
             | the business that led Zhao not to invest? Needless to say,
             | neither of them is answered in the article.
             | 
             | > Her voice shaking, she apologized, saying she had let the
             | group down. Over recent months, she said, Alameda had taken
             | out loans and used the money to make venture capital
             | investments, among other expenditures.
             | 
             | > Around the time the crypto market crashed this spring,
             | Ms. Ellison explained, lenders moved to recall those loans,
             | the person familiar with the meeting said. But the funds
             | that Alameda had spent were no longer easily available, so
             | the company used FTX customer funds to make the payments.
             | Besides her and Mr. Bankman-Fried, she said, two other
             | people knew about the arrangement: Mr. Singh and Mr. Wang.
             | 
             | > The meeting was previously reported by The Wall Street
             | Journal.
             | 
             | Several day old scuttlebutt taken from another newspaper in
             | par 30+. (And nicely written to suggest that it's an urgent
             | eyewitness dispatch "Her voice shaking")
             | 
             | That's it. Literally no actual news reporting was done in
             | this article.
             | 
             | The high standards of reliability and standing up to
             | scrutiny are worthless, because they are not actually
             | applied to any useful or new information, but just to the
             | human interest color that 90% of the piece consists of.
             | Yes, the 'facts' that SBF has 15 room-mates and not 12, and
             | that he plays League of Legends not Terraria are rigorously
             | fact-checked, but they might as well not be. The actual
             | question of _Where did the money go_ is completely ignored
             | beyond what is widely known.
             | 
             | This isn't news reporting, it's a form of entertainment
             | journalism, which allows people out of the loop to get a
             | sense of the excitement and glamor of what's it like to
             | live in the Bahamas and have your crypto exchange go
             | bankrupt. (And it equally fulfils the desire for other
             | clueless people to tut and sigh over the way the world is
             | going.)
        
               | SilverBirch wrote:
               | I think you're misunderstanding what the NYT article is,
               | it's not a piece of deep investigative journalism, it's
               | an interview with SBF with context attached.
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | Right. So it was accurately described by the author of
               | the linked article as 'a poorly researched fluff piece'.
        
               | keneda7 wrote:
               | I am generally curious what your position is here? You
               | seem to be arguing the NYT article is not a fluff piece
               | but then with this comment you admit its not
               | investigative journalism but rather a fluff piece? I
               | don't understand.
        
               | headsoup wrote:
               | So an entertainment piece, as mentioned?
               | 
               | I can't see the article because of the login, but what
               | does the piece achieve? Does the interview ask Sam hard
               | questions?
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | There is a mirror of the NYT article linked from TFA.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | > This isn't news reporting, it's a form of entertainment
               | journalism
               | 
               | I don't see where you're justifying that. I read this
               | article and it gave me a good overview of the situation.
               | You're right, I guess, that it's not "new" investigative
               | journalism and that if I'd been paying better attention I
               | could have found the same info elsewhere and earlier.
               | 
               | I don't see how a correctly-reported review piece becomes
               | "entertainment journalism" though. Do you make the same
               | article about wikipedia?
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | I justified it, at length, in the above comment by
               | pointing out how little real information there was in the
               | article about what had actually happened to BTX and
               | Alameda.
               | 
               | I did not say anything about "new investigative
               | journalism". I said it was not news reporting.
               | 
               | The claim that is is entertainment journalism is very
               | simple. This type of piece is written, not to inform, but
               | to entertain. That's why it focusses on color and
               | character, while missing basic story details - the 5 W's,
               | any overview of how the bankrupt businesses worked, etc.
               | Such pieces are often designed to give the _impression_
               | of information, because this impression is part of the
               | entertainment experience. You can easily find decent and
               | free writing on this topic which provides way better
               | analysis and is generally accurate and honest.
               | 
               | As you have probably noticed, stories about scams and
               | frauds are a very big business, and articles about them
               | are now part of a well-worn pipeline by which books,
               | movies and mini series are made. Very few of these have
               | any commitment either to accuracy in general or to useful
               | information about why such scams are possible, why they
               | are socially important, or how they can be stopped. They
               | exist merely to entertain and titillate. A writer like
               | the author of this piece, will be aware that they are
               | part of this machine, and that there is lots of career
               | advancement to be made in writing fluff about grifters,
               | particularly in a way which tends to get you closer to
               | other grifters.
               | 
               | Wikipedia is not news reporting either. Not sure of your
               | point, however note that the wikipedia page about Sam
               | Bankman-Fried, while shorter than the NYT article,
               | contains vastly more detailed information about his
               | career, and has 85 citations to its sources.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | I'm still not understanding what part of the article you
               | think is incorrect, and/or what information you wanted it
               | to contain that it didn't. All this meta stuff about
               | "what the article is for" is just confusing me.
               | 
               | Again, I read it and liked it. If you don't want me to
               | read this piece, what summary _should_ I be reading?
        
               | keneda7 wrote:
               | I'm not the OP but to me the article did everything in
               | its power to muddy the waters. It seems to try get me to
               | feel bad for or even like someone who appears to have
               | committed major crimes and lost billions of peoples
               | money. If you didn't know anything about the situation
               | and read this article you would think Sam did nothing
               | wrong, is blameless, and just had some bad luck.
               | 
               | Not once did the article tackle the question of where did
               | the money go or why is it okay for this persons company
               | to misplace billion of dollars of customer money?
        
             | listenallyall wrote:
             | There was a time, not that long ago, when what you say is
             | true. Unfortunately NYTimes gave up caring about accuracy
             | and reliability a while ago.
        
             | ZephyrBlu wrote:
             | > _This article is very little more than just a gossip rag
             | version of the NYT article_
             | 
             | This characterization is so far from the contents of the
             | article I have to assume this comment is in bad faith or
             | you're extremely biased towards the NYT.
             | 
             | The article is 90% discussing facts/quotes from various
             | sources and 10% speculation on what actually happened by
             | people who are very familiar with crypto markets.
             | 
             | The NYT piece on the other hand contains almost no facts
             | (90% narrative) and throws a pity party for SBF. It's a
             | complete joke.
             | 
             | NYT piece: https://archive.ph/413e0.
             | 
             | E: the author of this piece even states on Twitter that
             | it's mostly a compilation of known information. Nowhere
             | near gossip or speculation.
             | 
             | https://twitter.com/0xfbifemboy/status/1592387837126905857
        
               | hoffs wrote:
               | >The NYT piece on the other hand contains almost no facts
               | Did you even read it? It has plenty of facts and public
               | statements. It creates a thorough timeline of all things
               | that happened over years.
        
               | SilverBirch wrote:
               | I'm not biased towards the NYT, what I'm saying is that
               | what the NYT is doing is a different thing from this
               | article. The NYT is an interview with SBF, interspersed
               | with the story of what happened, and the NYT will stick
               | to what it can actually prove. You're pissed the NYT is
               | biased towards SBF but it's not - it's an literally an
               | interview with SBF, you're not meant to take what SBF is
               | saying in there uncritically.
               | 
               | Whereas this article has a tonne of speculation (none of
               | the stuff about market making has fact behind it, it's
               | speculation based on a handful of tweets) and a heavy
               | reliance on sources that are at best questionable. The
               | stuff about the rogue algo is entirely without evidence,
               | and the stuff about drug taking, whilst lurid, could be
               | entirely tangential to why the company actually
               | collapsed. The NYT isn't going to quote random anonymous
               | users on an EA forum claiming to be ex-employees.
        
               | jasmer wrote:
               | The NYT is not supposed to 'stick with what they can
               | prove'.
               | 
               | That's definitely not the bar they have or else they
               | wouldn't be able to publish much.
               | 
               | Journalists should be a bit cynical, dig for info. The
               | NYT has more resources than anyone, and should be able to
               | ask around, do some actual blockchain work, interview
               | others.
               | 
               | This story looks like one of the biggest frauds in
               | history, likely because it is, it's the job of the NYT to
               | show at least there's a lot of smoke and put puzzle
               | pieces together (obviously with context), they are not a
               | formal judiciary.
               | 
               | There are so, so many crazy parts of this story that were
               | not addressed it reeks of something awry. For example the
               | co-CEO. There's almost nothing about this guy, as though
               | he does not exist. That's a huge mystery and it's only
               | one small artifact of the story.
               | 
               | This article raises as much suspicion as it clears up.
        
               | SilverBirch wrote:
               | It's pretty insane to me that you think the NYT would
               | ever deliberately print accusations they couldn't prove.
               | 
               | I also think you're massively overstating the role of the
               | NY Times, yes they have resources but they have to cover
               | massive breadth. The NY Times isn't really going to be an
               | expert in every topic, and there are real expert
               | reporters out there who are going to dig in to this for
               | specialist information. In this case there are reporters
               | covering tech and finance - so you're going to see good
               | articles from Levine, and the Odd Lots people, Michael
               | Lewis was literally shadowing SBF for 6 months. Arguably
               | the Odd Lots guys got to this first - basically getting
               | SBF to admit he was running a ponzi in an interview - an
               | admission that made absolutely no difference because
               | everyone kind of knew it was all a scam anyway. If you
               | said to me there's an article about FTX I would be
               | looking for it in Bloomberg or the FT, not the NYT.
        
               | jasmer wrote:
               | "NYT would ever deliberately print accusations they
               | couldn't prove."
               | 
               | That statement implies a misrepresentation of what I
               | said, and a misunderstanding of what journalists do.
               | 
               | Journalist investigate, source, and provide clarity.
               | 
               | This is one of the biggest frauds in history, it's the
               | job of the NYT to investigate the issue, and show us
               | what's up. If there's likely fraud, they should be
               | spelling that out.
               | 
               | They've already admitted to using deposits to make risky
               | bets at Alameda, which is fraud. There should have been a
               | lot more questions about that alone. Just to start.
               | 
               | Instead, it was a light nothingburger puff piece.
               | 
               | There are better sourced artifacts on Twitter - this very
               | article provides more valuable information that the NYT.
               | 
               | "basically getting SBF to admit he was running a ponzi in
               | an interview - an admission that made absolutely no
               | difference because everyone kind of knew it was all a
               | scam anyway"
               | 
               | To suggest that the people with collectively billions in
               | FTX 'knew it was a ponzi/fraud' and willingly lost all of
               | their money is absurd.
        
               | danem wrote:
               | > It's pretty insane to me that you think the NYT would
               | ever deliberately print accusations they couldn't prove.
               | 
               | What are they doing when they cite "unnamed sources"?
               | They constantly publish accusations that they have no
               | intention of ever backing up. I'm not saying that they
               | don't believe their sources, but "100% bulletproof" has
               | never been their standard.
        
               | EamonnMR wrote:
               | They might be working on that article, but such an
               | article will take time because they'll want to reach out
               | to the anonymous posters and talk to them directly, find
               | people who can do the chain analysis, verify people's
               | stories, etc.
        
         | anonymoushn wrote:
         | The piece is well informed and aggregates a variety of sources
         | only a few of which are not completely credible. the NYT
         | literally refuses to use the word "fraud" or hint at
         | criminality after Sam stole ten billion dollars from customers.
        
           | burkaman wrote:
           | > the NYT literally refuses to use the word "fraud" or hint
           | at criminality
           | 
           | 11/10: Meanwhile, the S.E.C. and the Justice Department are
           | said to be investigating FTX for potential securities
           | violations. [...] Whether S.B.F. or others associated with
           | FTX also face civil or criminal action -- and where such
           | legal fights would take place -- remains unclear.
           | 
           | - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/10/business/dealbook/ftx-
           | cry...
           | 
           | 11/11: Authorities worldwide are intensifying their scrutiny
           | of the embattled cryptocurrency exchange, amid concern about
           | improper use of customer money.
           | 
           | - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/11/business/dealbook/ftx-
           | sbf...
           | 
           | 11/11: The bankruptcy proceedings may be only the beginning
           | of Mr. Bankman-Fried's legal troubles. Federal investigators
           | are examining the relationship between FTX and Alameda, and
           | customers are likely to file lawsuits.
           | 
           | - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/11/business/ftx-
           | bankruptcy.h...
           | 
           | 11/12: The implosion of Mr. Bankman-Fried's cryptocurrency
           | exchange has already cost customers billions of dollars in
           | lost crypto deposits, setting off law-enforcement
           | investigations that could lead to criminal charges. [...]
           | Investigators at the S.E.C. and the Justice Department are
           | examining whether Mr. Bankman-Fried improperly used customer
           | funds to prop up Alameda Research, a trading firm that he
           | also owns. FTX lent as much as $10 billion in customer funds
           | to Alameda, according to a person familiar with the finances.
           | 
           | - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/12/business/ftx-
           | cryptocurren...
           | 
           | 11/13: "Sam and FTX had a lot of good will -- and some of
           | that good will was the result of association with ideas I
           | have spent my career promoting," the philosopher William
           | MacAskill, a founder of the effective altruism movement who
           | has known Mr. Bankman-Fried since the FTX founder was an
           | undergraduate at M.I.T., wrote on Twitter on Friday. "If that
           | good will laundered fraud, I am ashamed."
           | 
           | - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/13/business/ftx-effective-
           | al...
           | 
           | 11/14: Should the U.S. have moved faster to create an
           | attractive regulatory environment so companies like FTX would
           | have moved here and had to abide by Washington's rules?
           | Maybe. But if the FTX case turns out to be fraud, regulation
           | unto itself may not have been enough to stop it. Madoff
           | didn't live on an island beyond U.S. jurisdiction -- he was
           | based on Lexington Avenue. [...] If we ultimately learn that
           | FTX's undoing is the first of many in an industry that has
           | been built on a pile of offshore fairy-dust leverage, the
           | regulatory lesson will actually be the opposite: The S.E.C.,
           | C.F.T.C. and Treasury will have proved prescient for all
           | their warnings to the public that crypto was too risky.
           | 
           | - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/14/business/dealbook/ftx-
           | ban...
           | 
           | 11/15: Major questions still remain, such as whether FTX
           | improperly used billions of dollars of customers' funds to
           | prop up Alameda Research, a trading firm that Bankman-Fried
           | also founded.
           | 
           | - https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/15/briefing/iran-
           | clampdown-p...
        
           | hoffs wrote:
           | Because actual journalists have standards to abide
        
             | jasmer wrote:
             | ? Stealing $10B is fraud. So when $10B goes missing, due to
             | what we know is 'bad behaviour' at minimum, and all the
             | other 'smoke' around this story - we should use that word
             | in proper context.
             | 
             | This is literally one of the biggest fraud cases in
             | history.
             | 
             | By their own 'standards' they are compelled to use the word
             | in proper context.
        
               | thehappypm wrote:
               | I don't think it's up to their standard yet. Of course
               | the whole world believes it's a big case of fraud but
               | they may need to wait until there is more clarity on
               | that.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | While I'm sympathetic to this position, I can also easily
               | see an argument from the NYT's side that "fraud" is a
               | specific _criminal_ allegation, and as such using it in
               | an article like this could open them up to libel or
               | defamation suits.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | I mean, they can always call it "alleged fraud", right?
               | They use that kind of language to describe all sorts of
               | _alleged_ crimes.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | They can, which is part of why I'm so sympathetic to the
               | GP's position.
        
         | TedShiller wrote:
        
           | blitzar wrote:
           | Yeah it was in the basement of a pizza place right?
        
           | EdwardDiego wrote:
           | Heard of it. Repeatedly. Never seen any, you know, proof.
        
             | petchyindee wrote:
             | Both the New York Times and the Washington Post have by now
             | admitted the legitimacy of the Hunter Biden laptop story
             | (of course they waited for the election to be over before
             | doing so). If you haven't seen any proof, it's because you
             | haven't looked.
        
               | EdwardDiego wrote:
               | The legitimacy of _which_ story about his laptop? Was it
               | really filled with child porn? There were so many
               | stories.
               | 
               | Please feel free to share links to the NYT or WaPo
               | acknowledging all this truth. I feel very remiss in
               | having missed it.
        
               | PubliusMI wrote:
        
             | AustinDev wrote:
             | If you know how to torrent you can download an image of his
             | iPhone or iPad taken from that same laptop.
        
               | EdwardDiego wrote:
               | Why would I need to torrent it? And how do I know it's
               | legitimate?
               | 
               | I had assumed that the big news about its contents would
               | break any day now. All I've ever seen is people talking
               | about what people told them that they totally saw on it.
        
               | AustinDev wrote:
               | It has numerous photos and text conversations that are
               | timestamped and geo located to verifiable locations where
               | he would be. The pattern of life seems reliable. It's all
               | rather tragic lots of drugs, prostitutes and mental
               | health issues abound if you dig in. I don't recommend it.
        
               | boppo1 wrote:
               | Well you can see lots of photos of his penis and face in
               | the same picture. I think that's fair verification.
        
       | fxtentacle wrote:
       | I didn't know before that they were all so much into drugs.
        
       | kristianov wrote:
       | Two words: Ponzi Scheme.
        
         | binarray2000 wrote:
         | I'd say that Madoff was a Ponzi Scheme. It seems, what Bankman-
         | Fried et al have pulled off was more of stealing other people's
         | money and probably washing money, both for political purposes.
         | They have donated other people's money to Dem's and have paid
         | visits to the Biden White House. And, considering how billions
         | have been sent to one of the most corrupt countries in the
         | world (Ukraine; according to Transparency), I am not the first
         | one to think that probably some of that money was laundered and
         | used for elections or even for personal gain. It wouldn't be
         | the first time (Hunter's "Laptop from hell").
         | 
         | (I am not an US American. And I don't care for either the
         | Democrats nor the Republicans.)
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | And worse: pretty much everyone was aware of it, but thought
         | that because they were aware of it and everyone else is a
         | schmuck, they could benefit from it. Some did, but only if they
         | liquidated their holdings last year.
         | 
         | NFTs this year was a microcosm of exactly that. Loads of people
         | jumped on the bandwagon, buying up NFTs as they were released,
         | but the whole thing collapsed again when it turned out the
         | resale market just wasn't there. Except for the first movers.
        
           | Gigachad wrote:
           | NFTs were like all cryptos. _Everyone_ knew they were
           | bullshit but expected there would be one more greedy idiot to
           | pass the bag to.
        
             | highwaylights wrote:
             | Unsure why this is downvoted.
             | 
             | "lol at you spending all your money on magic beans, not
             | like my magic beans which are very shiny and special."
        
           | gasull wrote:
           | NFT art was likely a bubble, not a Ponzi. Many investments
           | are bubbles, but not Ponzis.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
             | NFT art was a scam intended to create a bubble.
             | 
             | The art market itself is a bubble. Famous art is primarily
             | used for investment, tax avoidance, and sometimes money
             | laundering. Occasionally someone will hang it on a wall and
             | look at it, but it's more likely to end up in storage.
             | 
             | NFTs were designed as a microcosm of the art investment
             | market, sold on the promise of increasing resale value -
             | like the real thing.
             | 
             | Of course that didn't happen. But some artists made a lot
             | of money, some dealers made even more, and some people made
             | significant savings on their tax bills.
        
               | gasull wrote:
               | No. Some NFTs are definitely art, like the ones by
               | @beeple on Twitter. There are also NFTs that work as a
               | membership card for a community, like BAYC. And of course
               | there are scams too. You're oversimplifying.
        
         | flanked-evergl wrote:
         | For reference:
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/13/sam-bankman-frieds-alameda-q...
         | 
         | > In making some of these leveraged trades, the quant fund was
         | using a cryptocurrency created by the exchange called FTT as
         | collateral. In a lending agreement, collateral is typically the
         | borrower's pledge to secure repayment. It's often dollars, or
         | something else of value -- like real estate. In this case, a
         | source said Alameda was borrowing from FTX, and using the
         | exchange's in-house cryptocurrency, FTT token, to back those
         | loans. The price of the FTT token nosedived 75% in a day,
         | making the collateral insufficient to cover the trade.
        
         | helsinkiandrew wrote:
         | This was nothing like a Ponzi scheme - the money was lost due
         | to bad trades, poor collateral, bad accounting/compliance with
         | probably a little bit of criminality thrown in at the end.
         | 
         | Although they were trading crypto it was more like an old
         | fashioned/real money collapse.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | zucker42 wrote:
           | There's a slide deck floating around[1] purported to be from
           | Alameda research in 2018. That deck claims they offer 15%
           | fixed returns to investors. If that slide deck is genuine, it
           | seems possible that the unaccounted for money at Alameda
           | Research went to paying for redemptions by early investors.
           | Given how bad the accounting at FTX/Alameda seems to be, it
           | seems possible to me that Alameda investors were paid back at
           | high APYs even as the underlying strategies performed poorly,
           | and the people at the top might not be aware that they were
           | heading towards insolvency. If this is the case, it would be
           | close to a pure Ponzi.
           | 
           | Now I don't really know how likely this is because there's
           | very little public information about Alameda. It's also
           | possible that Alameda bought Doge and Shiba which proceeded
           | to crash 10x.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.theblock.co/post/186187/alameda-promised-
           | high-re...
        
       | esoterica wrote:
       | > In a podcast from 2019, SBF brags about making predictions on
       | the timescale of 1-2 seconds
       | 
       | > While this might have been considered highly competitive in
       | 2019-era crypto markets, it is a far cry from the microsecond-
       | level precision of market making in traditional finance.
       | 
       | The author is confusing tick-to-trade with prediction horizon.
       | The "microseconds" market makers talk about is how long it takes
       | to react to incoming market data and send out a trade message.
       | The 2 seconds SBF is talking about is how far ahead in the future
       | you want to predict price changes over.
       | 
       | Doesn't really inspire a lot of confidence in the rest of the
       | analysis if this is the level of domain knowledge the author has.
        
         | lordnacho wrote:
         | You're right about the technical aspect, but the rest of the
         | critique is more about business level stuff like knowing what
         | you have. I don't think you can say the whole piece lacks
         | credibility because he got this thing mixed up.
        
       | lvl102 wrote:
       | Coinbase has to be the biggest winner here. Despite some odd
       | stories about Armstrong past couple of years, they appear to act
       | like "adults". BTC and ETH are not going away for awhile.
        
       | tromp wrote:
       | > Having several years' worth of experience at a trading firm
       | does not make you a geniusthe top tier of such firms hires well
       | over a hundred new employees every year.
       | 
       | Renaissance Technologies hires less than a dozen new employees
       | per year...
        
       | terminal_d wrote:
       | Who is the author of this piece?
        
       | TrackerFF wrote:
       | AFAIK, BTC and ETH have been classified as commodities - would
       | FTX have to adhere to Commodity Exchange Act?
        
         | anonymoushn wrote:
         | Do all companies in the world have to adhere to US law?
        
           | AustinDev wrote:
           | Companies run by US citizens and that deal in US dollars
           | certainly do.
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | zhxshen wrote:
        
       | flanked-evergl wrote:
       | Before or after they were bribing politicians for favourable
       | regulation for FTX at the detriment of their competitors who were
       | not fraudulent?
       | 
       | https://prospect.org/power/sam-bankman-frieds-multimillion-d...
       | 
       | > Crypto's supporters in Congress are determined to ignore the
       | massive gap in capacity between the two agencies; in fact, they
       | likely understand that its incapacity is part of its appeal to
       | FTX. A bill proposed by Sens. Cynthia Lummis (R-WY) and Kirsten
       | Gillibrand (D-NY) seeks to grant the CFTC "exclusive jurisdiction
       | over any agreement, contract, or transaction involving a contract
       | of sale of a digital asset that is offered, solicited, traded,
       | executed, or otherwise dealt in interstate commerce, including
       | market activities relating to ancillary assets." Perhaps in
       | anticipation of such a move, FTX has stocked up its ranks with
       | former CFTC officials. Former CFTC commissioner and acting chair
       | Mark Wetjen is FTX's head of policy and regulatory strategy. Ryne
       | Miller, who was legal counsel to Gensler when he led the CFTC, is
       | FTX's general counsel. The Tech Transparency Project has also
       | identified 14 other cases of CFTC alumni revolving into the
       | crypto industry.
       | 
       | Vote these people out.
        
         | williamcotton wrote:
         | If the cup is half empty it's called bribing. Otherwise it's
         | called lobbying.
         | 
         | I don't know anything about the CFTC in particular but I'm
         | familiar with the general idea of lobbying and the role it
         | plays in a representative government.
         | 
         | Elected officials have to interface with basically every
         | industry in the country. How is any specific representative in
         | a legislature going to have the knowledge required to vote on a
         | banking act? Or a bill pertaining to power plants? Or
         | cryptocurrencies?
         | 
         | Does it make sense to allow representatives from various
         | industries access to members of the legislative branches of
         | government? How else could Cynthia Lummis or Kirsten Gillibrand
         | make an informed decision when writing federal laws related to
         | cryptocurrencies? Should there be federal laws related to
         | cryptocurrencies? Should legislatures have a government
         | regulatory agency that enforces federal laws? Who is going to
         | write those laws? Should there be a federal agency like the
         | SEC, but specifically for cryptocurrency? Is that the CFTC? Who
         | should make up the CFTC? Who should make up the SEC? Are the
         | people who are qualified to work for industry more or less
         | qualified to work in the agency that regulates the industry?
         | Who is best qualified to lobby for the industry? For the people
         | who work for the regulatory agencies or lobby for industry, are
         | they owners or laborers in the regulated industry? What if
         | everyone at least wrote their name down on a big public list
         | and said who they worked for and published when they met and
         | who from which government position they met with?
         | 
         | Are there easy answers to these questions? How the hell has any
         | of this ever worked?
        
           | Stranger43 wrote:
           | The problem is not with industry insiders leaving private
           | enterprise to go work for the government, the problem is
           | government regulators leaving the government to collect large
           | paychecks from the companies they used to be tasked with
           | regulating, i.e. that there is the appearance of personal
           | benefits to regulate to the benefits of future employers
           | rather then the general public.
           | 
           | What's actually needed is government agencies staffed with
           | industry insiders who knows that they will never ever work in
           | the industry again and have nothing to loose from putting the
           | general public first, but this is kind of hard to do when
           | government work is not seen as something of particularly high
           | status, where people go for self realization after a success
           | career in the private sector.
        
             | NickC25 wrote:
             | >but this is kind of hard to do when government work is not
             | seen as something of particularly high status,
             | 
             | Super easy to solve for - pay them more.
             | 
             | With the amount of money the government has (the DoD has a
             | nearly 2 trillion dollar yearly budget), it should be
             | relatively trivial to be able to outspend the private
             | sector.
             | 
             | I hate paying taxes, but if those taxes go towards paying
             | an extremely competent professional who will prevent this
             | sort of shit from happening (which would cost us more in
             | taxes to fix), I'm more than happy to pay as much as the
             | government would want me to.
        
               | throwaway290 wrote:
               | I'm not sure paying more will help. It looks like greed
               | can be boundless, so as long as power converts to money
               | malicious actors will keep abusing it.
               | 
               | Perhaps we should make power unattractive to such types
               | instead, making it not lucrative so that only crazy*
               | individuals who are content with good enough clean salary
               | seek it out of dumb* desire to make the world better.
               | 
               | * In a good way, obviously.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | I don't have the links at the moment, but there were some
               | fairly well-researched articles I saw a year or two back
               | about this. The gist was that while our Congresspeople
               | are, indeed, paid quite well by normal-person standards,
               | because of the things they're expected to do (for
               | instance, keep both a home in their district _and_ one in
               | Washington, DC--one of the country 's hottest real estate
               | markets), the amount they are paid is low enough that it
               | _does_ lead to significant additional (mostly legalized)
               | bribery.
               | 
               | Making elected positions pay very little, rather than
               | discouraging people who seek wealth, will limit them
               | (even more) to people who are _already_ wealthy, because
               | they will be able to bankroll the expected lifestyle out
               | of pocket.
               | 
               | Furthermore, for those who go into politics looking for
               | money (as opposed to those who go into it looking for
               | power, which is a related, but separate, issue), the
               | salary is peanuts compared to the kinds of money they can
               | get from lobbyists, or _as_ a lobbyist themselves once
               | they leave office. So reducing the salary will have very
               | little effect on that.
        
               | throwaway290 wrote:
               | > very little
               | 
               | I'm not saying "very little", I'm saying make them pay
               | _just enough_ for a reasonable life and make sure the
               | position of power itself does not convert to money in any
               | way.
               | 
               | > will limit them (even more) to people who are already
               | wealthy, because they will be able to bankroll the
               | expected lifestyle out of pocket.
               | 
               | First, you are ignoring the part about "crazy". If they
               | are willing to go into this knowing they will only be
               | losing money, maybe they have some clean motivations
               | guiding them?
               | 
               | > Furthermore, for those who go into politics looking for
               | money (as opposed to those who go into it looking for
               | power, which is a related, but separate, issue), the
               | salary is peanuts compared to the kinds of money they can
               | get from lobbyists, or as a lobbyist themselves once they
               | leave office
               | 
               | That's what I mean by "make it not lucrative". Power
               | converting to money is a bigger problem than salaries.
               | 
               | As it is, people in power who are already clearly far,
               | far from being poor effect laws just after their
               | relatives sell/buy stocks affected--it's almost as if
               | there's no amount you can pay them to squelch the greed.
               | 
               | If power should not be attractive to people with no
               | integrity pathologically addicted to increasing wealth,
               | then increasing salaries will achieve effect the opposite
               | of desired. They will put their huge salary into stocks
               | then pass laws favorable to their portfolio.
        
               | Stranger43 wrote:
               | But is it easier to outspend the private
               | contractors(staffed full of former generals) that end up
               | rewarded contracts based on their ability to network with
               | government officials?
               | 
               | The pentagon budget is a chronic scandal and a pretty
               | good example of exactly how the private-public
               | partnerships is creating a system where everyone benefits
               | from the government being seen as inefficient.
        
               | NickC25 wrote:
               | > _But is it easier to outspend the private
               | contractors(staffed full of former generals) that end up
               | rewarded contracts based on their ability to network with
               | government officials?_
               | 
               | Sure. You know, you can also prevent that from happening,
               | right? Any former high ranking military official gets a
               | pretty nice pension and benefits. those alone are more
               | than enough to last a lifetime.
               | 
               | You want to go work at a defense contractor after
               | retiring from the military? Fine, give up your benefits,
               | give up your pension, give up your VA healthcare rights,
               | give up your security clearance.
               | 
               | Using taxpayer money to fund the retirement of a former
               | general who then takes their knowledge and relationships
               | (again, both paid for by taxes) to the private sector to
               | enrich themselves seems highly unethical and a massive
               | conflict of interest. You're essentially bankrolling the
               | development of someone who is going to eventually sell
               | that knowledge to people who profit off of ripping off
               | the very institutions you (as a solider) swore to protect
               | and defend.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | > Does it make sense to allow representatives from various
           | industries access to members of the legislative branches of
           | government?
           | 
           | Yes.
           | 
           | It does not make sense to allow those industries to influence
           | elections or the decisions of those elected by making
           | political donations, though.
           | 
           | > Should there be federal laws related to cryptocurrencies?
           | 
           | Increasingly I think prohibition is the only option. Even if
           | it's very leaky. It's far worse a mind virus than, say,
           | TikTok. At least if it's illegal there won't be superbowl
           | adverts for frauds.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | nova22033 wrote:
         | _FTX has stocked up its ranks with former CFTC officials_
         | 
         | This is regulatory capture. If you think it's bad for crypto,
         | wait till you see how bad it is for the agencies that approve
         | our drugs.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | throwaway82635 wrote:
           | Much of the regulation of CFTC-regulated entities is done
           | through the NFA, and the NFA committees look like this:
           | 
           | https://www.nfa.futures.org/about/committees/index.html
           | 
           | The influence of the regulated companies is entirely
           | transparent.
        
         | jpadkins wrote:
         | If voting changed anything, they'd make it illegal.
         | 
         | https://coinpedia.org/crypto-live-news/ftx-ceo-in-connection...
         | https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/sec-chairman-gary-gensle...
         | https://twitter.com/bof_tob/status/1592247076100112385/photo...
         | https://twitter.com/jchervinsky/status/1592173682687938560
         | https://twitter.com/SenLummis/status/1592212987259281408
         | 
         | This is speculation, but this is starting to fit the classic
         | playbook of: 1) Create / seize a crisis 2) Have new regulation
         | already ready to "address" crisis (using voter outrage to pass
         | under rushed conditions) 3) Incrementally increase regulatory
         | control (regulatory capture) 4) profit / increase power
         | concentration
         | 
         | In this case, it's clear they are trying to establish CFTC
         | control of eth & btc.
        
         | SkyMarshal wrote:
         | Well FTX's competitors are not necessarily not fraudulent,
         | especially their primary competitor Binance.
        
           | largepeepee wrote:
           | Ironically Binance's low trust makes their users especially
           | diligent about on and off boarding their funds. Their model
           | is closer to DeFi than their competitors who are CeFi
           | 
           | Besides what makes FTX especially trendy to cover was how he
           | targeted mostly American, supposedly sophisticated SV VC
           | types. He got funded by dozens of billionaires.
           | 
           | Funny enough SBF openly described his cynical scam months
           | ago, explaining both how shit coins and greedy VCs operated.
        
             | bondarchuk wrote:
             | >* Their model is closer to DeFi than their competitors who
             | are CeFi*
             | 
             | CeFi is CeFi, Binance is CeFi.
        
           | flanked-evergl wrote:
           | Vote out the politicians who are not prosecuting Binance then
           | also. Not sure how two wrongs make it okay that FTX were
           | ghost writing crypto regulation [1].
           | 
           | [1]: https://coingeek.com/ftx-sam-bankman-fried-pens-crypto-
           | regul...
        
           | Semaphor wrote:
           | What fraud does Binance do besides evading U.S. regulations?
           | 
           | note: This is an actual question.
        
             | perlgeek wrote:
             | If the story goes like FTX, we'll only know after it's too
             | late.
             | 
             | Not being incorporated anywhere (which is the last thing I
             | heard about the matter) is an extremely bright red flag, so
             | that's some evidence (in the Bayesian sense) that
             | _something_ is off.
        
             | xiphias2 wrote:
             | I'm sure they are doing (or at least were doing) fractional
             | reserve banking as well. They have their own token just
             | like FTX, wihch is a bad sign. Maybe right now they are
             | working on fixing it.
             | 
             | Kraken is one of the few exchanges that provide proof of
             | reserves, which is basically just a Merkel tree of all user
             | assets which users can use to check that the exchange holds
             | their money. This is not just trivial to implement, there
             | are open source implementations that exchanges could just
             | use and prefer not to.
        
               | DebtDeflation wrote:
               | A Merkle tree may show what crypto assets are held, but
               | it doesn't stop the exchange from having a balance sheet
               | with a negative $8bn entry described as "hidden, poorly
               | internally labled 'fiat@' account".
               | 
               | Until these crypto companies are audited by actual
               | recognized auditors I would just assume that everything
               | they say is suspect.
        
               | saurik wrote:
               | The auditor that Kraken used claims to be "one of the top
               | 25 largest accounting, consulting and technology firms in
               | the U.S.". Is the idea that they aren't "auditors"?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _auditor that Kraken used claims to be "one of the top
               | 25 largest accounting, consulting and technology firms in
               | the U.S.". Is the idea that they aren't "auditors"?_
               | 
               | Armanino was FTX's auditor [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.afr.com/companies/financial-services/ftx-
               | collaps...
        
               | Yizahi wrote:
               | "The results of our most recent audit were once again
               | verified by top-25 global accounting firm, Armanino LLP.
               | " (1)
               | 
               | So from this I read that Kraken has done audit themselves
               | and then some other firm has verified it. This (if true)
               | is called attestation, and not audit. Attestations are an
               | empty claim with no proof in the tokenbro industry.
               | 
               | And second issue I see (directly related to the first) -
               | they list some tokens they are auditing. Auditing on
               | chain. But what if the Kraken company has a completely
               | off the chain liabilities? Like a contract where they
               | loan money/btc to some shady person and get some
               | worthless tokens as a collateral in return. You can't see
               | this on chain, only a real independent audit can uncover
               | such things.
               | 
               | (1) https://blog.kraken.com/post/15002/kraken-proof-of-
               | reserves-...
        
               | DebtDeflation wrote:
               | Top 25 means literally nothing. Outside of crypto,
               | billion dollar a year companies use the Big 4 (Deloitte,
               | PWC, EY, KPMG) for their audits. There is a second tier
               | of maybe a half dozen audit firms (Grant Thornton being
               | probably one of the best known) below the Big 4, used by
               | smaller companies. By the time you get to #25 you're
               | dealing with mom and pop shops.
               | 
               | Also, this wasn't an "audit" in the traditional sense of
               | the word, it was an attestation as to proof of reserves
               | based on the Merkle tree.
               | 
               | The press release about the "audit" is full of red flags:
               | 
               | "Administered by Armanino LLP, the Proof of Reserves
               | audit is the second of its kind conducted on our exchange
               | since 2014". Two audits in eight years, lol.
               | 
               | "Though the audit covers just two of the over 100 assets
               | available for trading on our exchange". They only checked
               | BTC and ETH reserves, nothing else, lol.
               | 
               | From the audit report itself:
               | 
               | "This report may not be suitable for any other purpose.
               | The procedures performed may not address all the items of
               | interest to a user of this report and may not meet the
               | needs of all users of this report and, as such, users are
               | responsible for determining whether the procedures
               | performed are appropriate for their purposes."
               | 
               | "We were not engaged to and did not conduct an
               | examination or review engagement, the objective of which
               | would be the expression of an opinion or conclusion,
               | respectively, related to the platform account liabilities
               | and asset balances represented by Kraken. Accordingly, we
               | do not express such an opinion or conclusion. Had we
               | performed additional procedures, other matters might have
               | come to our attention that would have been reported."
               | 
               | "The practitioner's report is as of a specified point in
               | time and we have no responsibility to update the report
               | or findings therein for subsequent points in time."
               | 
               | All this "audit" tells you is that on December 31, 2021
               | Kraken had an amount of BTC and ETH that matched customer
               | deposits. That's it. Nothing about other coins. Nothing
               | about assets and liabilities overall (e.g., did they take
               | out loans using customer BTC as collateral). Nothing
               | about financial practices. Nothing about what they may or
               | may not have had the day before or the day after.
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | This is pretty cool [0] is the Kraken page, at [1]
               | someone collected both background information, links, and
               | PoR entities, and finally a 2014 post of Kraken's first
               | PoR audit [2].
               | 
               | [0] https://www.kraken.com/proof-of-reserves
               | 
               | [1] https://niccarter.info/proof-of-reserves/
               | 
               | [2] https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=528432.0
               | 
               | Edit: And here is CZ of Binance claiming they'll do it
               | soon as well: https://nitter.kavin.rocks/cz_binance/statu
               | s/159005581941633...
        
               | Yizahi wrote:
               | Have you read Kraken's own page about that? Here is a
               | quote:
               | 
               | "The results of our most recent audit were once again
               | verified by top-25 global accounting firm, Armanino LLP.
               | " (1)
               | 
               | So from this I read that Kraken has done audit themselves
               | and then some other firm has verified it. This (if true)
               | is called attestation, and not audit. Attestations are an
               | empty claim with no proof in the tokenbro industry.
               | 
               | And second issue I see (directly related to the first) -
               | they list some tokens they are auditing. Auditing on
               | chain. But what if the Kraken company has a completely
               | off the chain liabilities? Like a contract where they
               | loan money/btc to some shady person and get some
               | worthless tokens as a collateral in return. You can't see
               | this on chain, only a real independent audit can uncover
               | such things.
               | 
               | (1) https://blog.kraken.com/post/15002/kraken-proof-of-
               | reserves-...
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | Unless I'm misunderstanding things (as a non-finance
               | person that is very possible), this is not a normal
               | audit, but instead proof, that they actually have the
               | customer tokens they claim to have.
        
             | anonymoushn wrote:
             | Binance regularly closes deposits or delays deposits by
             | hours in an apparent attempt to allocate arb opportunities
             | to their internal trading desk instead of customers. For
             | example, in May, we sent some LUNA to Binance whole the
             | chain was working perfectly, then waited several hours
             | whole chatting "VIP support" about the delay while they
             | told some implausible lies about multi-hour internal
             | network latency (????).
        
           | wweeeebb wrote:
           | This is a false equivalence. FTX stole customer deposits and
           | lied about it, to the tune of billions of dollars.
        
         | howmayiannoyyou wrote:
         | Nobody will be voted out. You cannot get elected without cash,
         | but if you do then you can't remain in office without it. You
         | also won't influence legislation without money in your campaign
         | or PAC wallets.
         | 
         | If HN users want to impact policy and legislation, its not
         | happening without donating a lot of money (or to a limited
         | extent time) en masse to lobbyists and institutes that believe
         | in whatever it is you believe in.
         | 
         | Better to be slapped with the truth, than kissed with a lie,
         | and having worked in politics, this is the truth.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nisegami wrote:
           | I've wondered a lot about a hypothetical scenario where
           | people organize and crowdfund a pool of money with the intent
           | of disbursing it to anyone who votes for the legislation they
           | want. For example, vote to codify Roe and you can get a slice
           | of the pie. It's almost surely explicitly illegal though, but
           | the absurdly wealthy are already playing this game, why can't
           | we do it too?
        
             | pge wrote:
             | Isn't this essentially what a PAC is?
        
               | nisegami wrote:
               | My understanding is that a PAC can pay for advertising
               | and campaign costs but I'm suggesting literally just
               | giving it to them, straight to their bank account.
        
               | danaris wrote:
               | I'm not particularly well-versed on the relevant
               | statutes, but I strongly suspect that that would make it
               | bribery.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | You've got to launder it a little bit to make it look
               | respectable.
        
             | vharuck wrote:
             | The National Rifle Association pretty much does this. One
             | could also count professional organizations that lobby and
             | are funded by dues.
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | I find it curious Musk was able to snif out SBF as a bullshit
       | artist in his 30 min. Meeting with him, whereas countless
       | polititions and regulators aparently did not have a clue despite
       | years of meetings and other contacts.
        
         | strikelaserclaw wrote:
         | Elon Musk is a master self promoter, so i would take what he
         | says with a bit of caution.
        
         | highwaylights wrote:
         | Yeah that never happened. The only thing clear from those
         | messages was that he wanted the money and was simply asking if
         | the guy was good for the cash.
         | 
         | Musk and the religion that's built up around him in recent
         | years exist in two separate realities.
        
         | SilverBirch wrote:
         | Think we need to take that with a massive pinch of salt - Musk
         | only came out and said that _after_ the whole thing blew up.
         | The actual contemporaneous messages are simply that SBF wanted
         | block-chain twitter and Musk didn 't. It's easy for all the SV
         | people who didn't work with SBF to come out and act the genius
         | now, but it's a bit self-serving.
        
         | TotoHorner wrote:
         | The politicians and regulators wanted SBF's money. Musk didn't
         | need it.
        
         | mudrockbestgirl wrote:
         | What a bunch of BS. It's obviously easy to say that in
         | hindsight. There are a million reasons for why he did not take
         | the investment, but in none of the published conversation was
         | anything about him thinking SBF is lying. In fact, knowing
         | Elon, if he had really said that at some point before FTX
         | collapsed, he sure would have published it by now to prove how
         | smart he is.
        
           | highwaylights wrote:
           | bingo.
        
           | memish wrote:
           | He was skeptical even though SBF wanted to _give him money_ ,
           | not the other way around. And people Elon knew were pushing
           | for SBF. Elon ended up ghosting him anyway. Look at the chat
           | logs that were revealed in court.
           | 
           | Michael Grimes [IBanker at Morgan Stanley]: Do you have 5
           | minutes to connect on possible meeting tomorrow I believe you
           | will want to take?
           | 
           | Elon: Will call in about half an hour
           | 
           | Michael: Sam Bankman Fried is why I'm calling
           | https://twitter.com/sbf_ftx/status/1514588820641128452 https:
           | //www.vox.com/platform/amp/recode/2021/3/20/22335209/s...
           | https://ftx.us
           | 
           | Elon: ??
           | 
           | Elon: I'm backlogged with a mountain of critical work
           | matters. ls this urgent?
           | 
           | Michael: Wants 1-Sb. Serious about partner w/you. Same
           | security you own
           | 
           | Michael: Not urgent unless you want him to fly tomorrow. He
           | has a window tomorrow then he's wed-Friday booked
           | 
           | Michael: Could do $5bn if everything vision lock. Would do
           | the engineering for social media blockchain integration.
           | Founded FTX crypto exchange. Believes in your mission. Major
           | Democratic donor. So thought it was potentially worth an hour
           | tomorrow a la the Orlando meeting and he said he could shake
           | hands on 5 if you like him and I think you will. Can talk
           | when you have more time not urgent but if tomorrow works it
           | could get us $5bn equity in an hour
           | 
           | Elon: Blockchain twitter isn't possible, as the bandwidth and
           | latency requirements cannot be supported by a peer to peer
           | network, unless those "peers" are absolutely gigantic, thus
           | defeating the purpose of a decentralized network.
           | 
           | Elon: ["disliked" "Could do $5bn ..."]
           | 
           | Elon: So long as I don't have to have a laborious blockchain
           | debate
           | 
           | Elon: Strange that Orlando declined
           | 
           | Elon: Please let him know that I would like to talk and
           | understand why he declined
           | 
           |  _Elon: Does Sam actually have $3B liquid?_
           | 
           | Michael: I think Sam has it yes. He actually said up to 10 at
           | one point but in writing he said up to 5. He's into you. And
           | he specifically said the blockchain piece is only if you
           | liked it and not gonna push it. Orlando referred Sams
           | interest to us and will be texting you to speak to say why he
           | (Orlando) declined. We agree orlando needs to call you and
           | explain given everything he said to us and you. Will make
           | that happen We can push Sam to next week but I do believe you
           | will like him. Ultra Genius and doer builder like your
           | formula. Built FTX from scratch after MIT physics. Second to
           | Bloomberg in donations to Biden campaign.
           | 
           | https://danluu.com/elon-twitter-texts/#62
           | 
           | Will MacAskill [co-creator of effective altruism movement,
           | Oxford professor, Chair of board for Global Priorities
           | Institute at Oxford]: Hey - I saw your poll on twitter about
           | Twitter and free speech. I'm not sure if this is what's on
           | your mind, but my collaborator Sam Bankman-Fried
           | (https://www.forbes.com/profile/sam-bankman-
           | fried/?sh=4de9866...) has for a while been potentially
           | interested in purchasing it and then making it better for the
           | world. If you want to talk with him about a possible joint
           | effort in that direction, his number is [redacted] and he's
           | on Signal.
           | 
           | Elon: Does he have huge amounts of money?
           | 
           | Will: Depends on how you define "huge"! He's worth $24B, and
           | his early employees (with shared values) bump that to $30B. I
           | asked about how much he could in principle contribute and he
           | said: "~$1-3b would be easy-$3-8b I could do ~$8-15b is maybe
           | possible but would require financing"
           | 
           | Will: If you were interested to discuss the idea I asked and
           | he said he'd be down to meet you in Austin
           | 
           | Will: He's based in the Bahamas normally. And I might visit
           | Austin next week, if you'd be around?
           | 
           | Will: That's a start
           | 
           | Will: Would you like me to intro you two via text?
           | 
           |  _Elon: You vouch for him?_
           | 
           | https://danluu.com/elon-twitter-texts/#12
        
             | xdavidliu wrote:
             | > Elon: Blockchain twitter isn't possible, as the bandwidth
             | and latency requirements cannot be supported by a peer to
             | peer network, unless those "peers" are absolutely gigantic,
             | thus defeating the purpose of a decentralized network.
             | 
             | Anyone able to evaluate this comment? Is this another
             | "poorly batched 1000 RPCs slowing down home timeline"
             | remark?
        
               | 55555 wrote:
               | It's absolutely true.
        
               | chubot wrote:
               | It's true, and the RPC comment is also very plausible
               | 
               | It's definitely not as ridiculous as what lots of
               | experienced engineers are oddly saying
               | 
               | e.g. simply open up Twitter in Chrome's devtools and look
               | at the networking tab -- I get 148 requests that finish
               | in 6.3 seconds
               | 
               | That is very plausibly "1000 poorly batched RPCs" that
               | makes Twitter slow in other countries -- if it's 6
               | seconds for me, it's easily 20, 30, or 60 seconds for
               | others
               | 
               | It will be shocking to me if some executive attention on
               | latency can't halve it, in short order. The problem with
               | latency is that no one team is in charge of it -- every
               | team is incentivized to use as much latency budget as
               | possible to ship their feature.
               | 
               | Larry Page harped on at this at Google for a decade,
               | until he kind of gave up / moved on, and Google became
               | nearly as slow as every other website.
               | 
               | So Elon is absolutely doing the right thing with respect
               | to latency -- he's not wrong, and he's not micro-
               | managing.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | Yes Elon is not infallible -- he made flatly wrong claims
               | about self-driving for years, despite experts in the
               | field telling him otherwise, to his financial benefit.
               | And Tesla is being rightly investigated for those claims
               | (years too late, probably)
               | 
               | It doesn't mean that Twitter isn't slow as hell for
               | extremely basic reasons
        
               | memish wrote:
               | > It's definitely not as ridiculous as what lots of
               | experienced engineers are oddly saying
               | 
               | It's scary how many engineers are burning their
               | credibility in exchange for some temporary internet
               | points.
        
               | searchableguy wrote:
               | No, it's true.
               | 
               | Theoretical TPS limit for mainnet and L2s isn't enough to
               | support the scale of twitter. The writes will get
               | expensive very fast unless you offload that and only send
               | a batched proof. Putting actual content on blockchain is
               | a non-starter as well.
               | 
               | Most of the blockchain based social graphs end up using
               | centralized indexer.
               | 
               | Everyone is also dependent on centralized RPC providers
               | for querying and sending transactions since it requires a
               | lot of resources to maintain your own.
               | 
               | So peer to peer isn't possible at their scale depending
               | on how you interpret it.
        
         | kingkawn wrote:
         | Takes one to know one
        
           | spaceman_2020 wrote:
           | I'm amazed that a man can build a company that literally
           | created a reusable rocket and people will still call him a
           | "bullshit artist".
           | 
           | Also incredible how everyone on the left turned on Musk so
           | quickly because he...tweeted some bad jokes?
           | 
           | Strange reality we live in where your actions seem to matter
           | so much less than your words.
           | 
           | I thought it was the other way around.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
             | Just to explain as someone that was initially a fan of Musk
             | but now highly critical of him:
             | 
             | SpaceX owes a great deal of it's success to the people
             | around Elon, particularly Shotwell, minimizing his bad
             | behaviors. Compare this to Tesla and now Twitter, where
             | Elon has unilateral power. At the first he managed to get
             | in trouble with the SEC in the dumbest way possible, as
             | well as continues the Fully Self Driving saga that many of
             | us regard as fraud, the solar tiles debacle, etc. At the
             | latter he's treating employees in an utterly reprehensible
             | and illegal way. He's currently under investigation for
             | similar behaviors at Tesla but involving far fewer
             | employees.
             | 
             | The left hates Elon more for his union busting and abusive
             | labor practices than bad jokes, but bad jokes certainly
             | don't help Elon any when it comes to PR.
             | 
             | I can give Elon credit for advancing the timelines of both
             | EVs and solar power, and applaud SpaceX for their
             | innovation, while also being highly critical of Elon's
             | general behavior and treatment of the people who work for
             | them.
             | 
             | Put more bluntly: I AM judging Elon on the basis of his
             | actions. Your position is actually that SpaceX is so cool
             | it forgives all wrongs.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | The EV industry as well as the spacetech industry would
               | have none of the momentum they currently have if there
               | was no messianic figure like Musk leading the pack.
               | 
               | Industries need charismatic evangelists to attract
               | capital. Musk made investing in serious hardware ventures
               | cool.
               | 
               | Now all the billionaires have their own space companies
               | just to compete with Musk.
               | 
               | All in, a net positive. Otherwise Bezos billions might
               | have gone into yet another superyacht.
               | 
               | If you get an abrasive personality with it, that's a
               | decent bargain.
        
               | MichaelCollins wrote:
               | > _Now all the billionaires have their own space
               | companies just to compete with Musk._
               | 
               | Do they? The only other billionaire-owned space company
               | that comes to mind is Blue Origin, but they were founded
               | _years before_ SpaceX. (Which incidentally, seems to
               | debunk the common argument that any billionaire funding a
               | space program would have success similar to SpaceX /Musk.
               | If success with such funding were inevitable, Blue Origin
               | would have gotten to orbit years ago but in reality they
               | still haven't.)
        
             | memish wrote:
             | You get a lot of internet points and clicks for jumping on
             | the hate bandwagon and cynically tearing people down.
             | 
             | Maybe if they weren't so focused on a manufactured villain,
             | and people and the media had put even a tiny fraction of
             | this scrutiny on SBF, an actual fraud might have been
             | mitigated. But no, let's go after the guy putting rockets
             | in space and producing millions of electric cars in the
             | real world. He's the real bad guy!
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | Just surprised that HN has been flooded with the same low
               | tier takes on Musk and tech culture in general. This
               | audience usually understands nuance better
        
             | Yizahi wrote:
             | People are acting towards him like that exactly because
             | they praised him before and were holding him at high
             | esteem. I certainly did. Now he started to disappoint
             | people, multiple times.
             | 
             | Nobody cares (much) about CEO of Comcast, or BP, or
             | Electronic Arts. They have bad reputation and when they do
             | something bad again, people just shrug and move on. While
             | people with good reputation doing same things are discussed
             | a lot.
             | 
             | Also note that Comcast, BP, EA etc. are all successful
             | businesses. They just shitty to humans, but successful. So
             | founding a big successful technology company is a big
             | achievement, but not a unique one.
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | Founding multiple big successful companies in nascent
               | industries that had been starved of capital before is a
               | unique AND big achievement.
               | 
               | Nobody cheers on Bezos because of Blue Origin. They
               | praise him for building Amazon when e-commerce was still
               | new (or when dot coms had gone out of favor).
               | 
               | Same with Musk. There are multiple major private space
               | ventures now. Ever car company has a heavily funded EV
               | division. When Musk started, EVs were considered a joke
               | and private space tech had little to no capital.
               | 
               | Musk is unique because he put his money into industries
               | no big money would touch before him.
        
               | MichaelCollins wrote:
               | > _Nobody cheers on Bezos because of Blue Origin._
               | 
               | I honestly think they would, _if_ Blue Origin actually
               | did anything worth cheering. Their best achievement so
               | far is stalling ULA 's Vulcan Centaur for years. By the
               | time it flies it will most likely be utterly obsolete,
               | because Blue Origin has fumbled the BE-4 severely. Vulcan
               | Centaur was supposed to fly in 2019 but Blue Origin only
               | delivered some engines about a few weeks ago. They're
               | years late and it's hurting ULA badly. Because of Blue
               | Origin, SpaceX's Starship will probably fly before Vulcan
               | Centaur. Vulcan Centaur is meant to be a HLV marginally
               | more performant than Falcon 9, but Starship should wipe
               | the floor with both.
        
       | rkagerer wrote:
       | One thing that stuck out at me in the NYT puff-piece was:
       | Alameda had accumulated a large "margin position" on FTX,
       | essentially meaning it had borrowed funds from the exchange ...
       | He said the size of the position was in the billions of dollars
       | but declined to provide further details.
       | 
       | Did FTX use their pool of customer deposits to extend leverage to
       | margin traders?
        
         | anonymoushn wrote:
         | The NYT is just lying. The people who controlled both FTX and
         | Alameda stole funds from FTX (which FTX customers have claims
         | against) and gave them to Alameda
        
         | shawabawa3 wrote:
         | Alameda went underwater on loans and they transferred customer
         | funds from FTX to bail them out
        
       | moffkalast wrote:
       | They couldn't find the nucular wessels.
        
       | jamesholden wrote:
        
       | spaceman_2020 wrote:
       | Going through all their shenanigans, any legal activity on the
       | exchange was rare. Extremely criminal behavior. SBF would buy
       | tokens from his personal account, Alameda would then buy the same
       | tokens, and then FTX would list those tokens after Alameda bought
       | them.
       | 
       | Criminal beyond measure and it's absurd that all of these big
       | name funds did not do even ten minutes of due diligence.
       | 
       | The Ontario Teacher's Pension Fund was "investing" in trash like
       | this without even looking at their corporate governance. How do
       | you treat a pension fund like that?
        
         | mckirk wrote:
         | I'm not actually sure that particular move is criminal. Morally
         | reprehensible, most certainly, but my understanding was that,
         | since crypto isn't regulated like a security by the SEC or
         | anyone else, you are free to pump&dump all you want without
         | having to fear legal consequences.
        
         | jojobas wrote:
         | Fraud upon fraud upon embezzlement upon fraud fraud.
        
         | AustinDev wrote:
         | When do we find out the fund's partners bought the tokens
         | before FTX listed them? That's what I'm waiting for it's the
         | only way the lack of DD makes any sense.
        
       | remoroid wrote:
       | For even more context of how bad SBF was at League of Legends, a
       | large part of their player-base is children and teens. You would
       | not expect a normal functioning 30 year old man to lose to 12
       | year olds after years of playing with the frequency he did.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Eh, I'd expect the obsessive 12 year olds to beat the 30 year
         | old with a job every single time.
        
         | thinkingemote wrote:
         | From what I understand (only seen a game, not played it),
         | League of Legends is more similar to Starcraft where it's about
         | strategy, knowledge and timing than the necessary very fast
         | reaction times of teenagers found in a first player shooter.
         | 
         | You would expect even retired people to be good at the game if
         | they played enough.
         | 
         | Regardless, playing video games, doing drugs, looking
         | dishevelled and being over weight are all visible signs of some
         | kind of internal disorder. Most people don't wear their
         | disorder visibly, they either learn to hide it or it doesn't
         | reveal itself physically. In this episode it's like the signs
         | are treated as a good sign - of creativity.
        
           | rejectfinite wrote:
           | You need both micro and macro in Leauge for sure. Depening on
           | the hero/champ being played.
        
         | rxyz wrote:
         | I don't think League is a popular game in that demographic. I
         | see it as a old man/woman game now, like counter strike
        
           | remoroid wrote:
           | Do you have any data to back that up? Do you not understand
           | that the lowest ranked players on the server are going to
           | disproportionately include children that are bad?
        
             | pezezin wrote:
             | https://www.statista.com/statistics/1018224/league-of-
             | legend... https://theglobalgaming.com/lol/average-age-
             | player
             | 
             | According to that data, most players are between 18 and 34
             | years old, with children and teens being only 12% of the
             | demographics.
        
         | Lapsa wrote:
         | "it is actually shocking that SBF was unable to rank higher
         | than the Bronze or Silver league after years of regular play"
         | ouch... author certainly does not play league of legends.
         | ladder is broken, you are always at the mercy of riot's
         | matchmaking. there was a reddit post appropriately criticizing
         | it and received around 8k upvotes - mods deleted it. even if
         | you completely MinMax everything to climb (which gets quite
         | tedious and boring) - actually climbing takes ridiculous
         | amounts of time. and it's time sensitive - folks that play
         | around 5AM could easily give Faker a run for his money, folks
         | that supposedly are bronzies (I call them robo smurfs). turn
         | the same game on when the school ends and the amounts of
         | stupidity are overwhelming. and the older account is - the
         | worse it gets. at the time I was placed in bronze - won a local
         | tournament full with diamonds, masters and even couple
         | challengers. and the game itself is mistake driven - gold
         | differs from diamond by a single mistake that diamond player
         | never lets go.
        
           | remoroid wrote:
           | Sounds like you are mad about being in Bronze where you
           | belong
        
             | Lapsa wrote:
             | yeah, suck a d*ck kys or whatever you expect me to say.
             | I've been in plat too multiple times but then it gets
             | really really boring
        
       | zozbot234 wrote:
       | So, is this the _real_ 1) What 2) H post?
        
       | 1letterunixname wrote:
       | Not to be confused with IBM Research Almaden.
       | 
       | https://research.ibm.com/labs/almaden/
        
       | DebtDeflation wrote:
       | > Most news accounts seem to portray the scale of the bankruptcy
       | as relatively small.
       | 
       | This is a key point.
       | 
       | They lost $16B in customer deposits.
       | 
       | LTCM lost $4.6B in investor funds.
       | 
       | Enron lost $11B in shareholder capital.
       | 
       | Interestingly, while Madoff is widely quoted as having lost $65B,
       | that was almost all fabricated paper wealth, actual losses were
       | around $18B and $14.4B of that was recovered and returned.
       | 
       | All of these situations are obviously somewhat different, but if
       | what we're starting to hear is correct, FTX may be one of, if not
       | the, biggest financial frauds/scandals in history. The media
       | doesn't seem to be treating it as such.
        
         | ReptileMan wrote:
         | Also 1MDB seems t9 be somewhere between 16-50 B usd
        
         | ploppyploppy wrote:
         | > The media doesn't seem to be treating it as such.
         | 
         | The massive links to the Democractic party probably have
         | something to do with this.
        
         | Ntrails wrote:
         | > if what we're starting to hear is correct, FTX may be one of,
         | if not the, biggest financial frauds/scandals in history. The
         | media doesn't seem to be treating it as such.
         | 
         | I think the media treats anything to do with crypto as much
         | more buyer beware than eg Enron
        
         | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
         | > The media doesn't seem to be treating it as such.
         | 
         | FTX has been the lead story on the front page of the Wall
         | Street Journal for days now.
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | What's LTCM?
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | A hedge fund that went bust: Long-term Capital Management.
        
             | jjtheblunt wrote:
             | Thanks
        
         | elie222 wrote:
         | They haven't lost 16b though.
         | 
         | Unclear if we have accurate info from Sam but the situation is
         | more like 9b in liabilities with 70% of that in liquid and
         | illiquid assets. People getting back that much is highly
         | optimistic but the 16b doesn't seem accurate at all. FTX
         | already paid users out $5b btw
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | anonymoushn wrote:
           | The starting point is the assumption that FTX's equity sales
           | left them with a few billion and Alameda's trading left them
           | with a few billion. You have to burn through these billions
           | and then dig a ten billion dollar hole.
        
           | jjfoooo6 wrote:
           | It's pretty clear that "info from Sam" can't by trusted
        
           | shawabawa3 wrote:
           | > 9b in liabilities with 70% of that in liquid and illiquid
           | assets
           | 
           | They have $9B in liabilities, and realistically they have
           | about $1B in realisable assets. On the balance sheet Sam has
           | included about $7B worth of Serum and FTT, both of which
           | vastly exceed their circulating market cap and are also
           | effectively worthless as the businesses they represent have
           | lost all credibility and/or are insolvent (Serum is a
           | decentralised exchange created by FTX)
        
         | manholio wrote:
         | > FTX may be one of, if not the, biggest financial
         | frauds/scandals in history. The media doesn't seem to be
         | treating it as such.
         | 
         | Most of that wealth was manufactured in the crypto bubble, not
         | actual money people worked for and put into crypto, just early
         | stage ponzi investors that kept rolling their investment. The
         | wealth, while apparently substantial, was never actually there,
         | I think most understand that the mirage would have collapsed
         | anyway if most investors would have attempted to exit earlier.
         | 
         | Basically, any early holder of Bitcoin today, while losing 70%
         | or so of the peak value, is still a bazzillion basis points in
         | the black, because they can get real dollars for what is
         | essentially an early and rudimentary shitcoin with arcane
         | limits, slow transaction times and extreme volatility, which is
         | only used in the real world for speculation, money laundry and
         | trading other shitcoins. Pretty ironic that's the "gold
         | standard" of the crypto world, followed by an entire brown
         | spectrum of shittier and scammier tokens.
        
           | anonymoushn wrote:
           | This is simply not true. Their liabilities are in dollars
           | because their customers wired them dollars.
        
             | manholio wrote:
             | Many of their customers (if not most, on volume) wired USDT
             | obtained from other parts of the ponzi ecosystem, then
             | traded them internally for dollars. This way, FTX could
             | accumulate internal USD liabilities without ever having
             | those dollars wired into their accounts. Even if we were to
             | take at face value the $5 billion liabilities from SBF's
             | "Excel ballancesheet", that's still less than a third of
             | the loses.
             | 
             | Sure, Tether should have a 1:1 backing to real dollars or
             | dollar denominated assets - but it's like the ponzi-world's
             | worst kept secret that they don't, as we'll soon find out.
        
               | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
               | If most of the losses are USDT, how do we know Tether
               | didn't just print them out of thin air to lend to FTX /
               | Alameda as their "Commercial Paper"?
               | 
               | That would be my first guess.
        
           | MangoCoffee wrote:
           | > Most of that wealth was manufactured in the crypto bubble,
           | not actual money people worked for and put into crypto
           | 
           | Its real money.
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/Travis_Kling/status/1592198107734876160?.
           | ..
           | 
           | https://www.coindesk.com/business/2022/11/14/ikigai-asset-
           | ma...
        
             | manholio wrote:
             | So the assets of a "crypto hedge fund" that somehow kept "a
             | large majority" of the fund's total assets on a 3rd party
             | centralized exchanged is "real money" now?
             | 
             | That's the very definition of fake wealth, hot money
             | seeking 50% returns in the hot risky mess that is the
             | crypto market. The recursively leveraged self-licking
             | icecream is melting down.
        
         | boh wrote:
         | The financial news (WSJ, FT, Bloomberg) is definitely less
         | blase about it. There's definitely a sense that a scam is
         | slowly being unearthed.
         | 
         | I don't know if it's SBF previous political connections that
         | are making most media outlets hesitant to delve into the
         | details, but the scale of the failure is going to be
         | unavoidable as more details emerge.
         | 
         | Too many institutional investors got burned and they will no
         | doubt be eager to prove fault lest they themselves be blamed
         | for poor judgement.
        
           | cma wrote:
           | > I don't know if it's SBF previous political connections
           | that are making most media outlets hesitant to delve into the
           | details, but the scale of the failure is going to be
           | unavoidable as more details emerge.
           | 
           | The Ryan Salame part of it may be making both parties not
           | want to look into it too much.
        
         | jasode wrote:
         | _> LTCM lost $4.6B in investor funds. [...] All of these
         | situations are obviously somewhat different, [...] biggest
         | financial frauds/scandals in history. _
         | 
         | LTCM shouldn't be in that list because that wasn't fraud. That
         | hedge fund had a flawed math model of volatility of their
         | holdings when a cascade of events got triggered by Russia
         | defaulting on their bonds. LTCM losses were magnified by their
         | over leveraged positions.
         | 
         | A bunch of PhD traders lost their wealth and got their
         | reputations tarnished but it wasn't criminal activity.
        
           | danrocks wrote:
           | The book about LTCM's failure, "When Genius Failed", is a
           | fascinating account of what happened, and a quick read.
        
           | wbl wrote:
           | Not just PhD. World famous economists with Nobel prizes.
        
             | alainchabat wrote:
             | I can't find which Nobel prize were in, do you have any
             | names?
             | 
             | Robert C. Merton got the nobel prize, but it seems 3 years
             | later (ironic)
        
               | pinkwinds wrote:
               | Myron Scholes and Robert Merton, Economics 1997.
               | 
               | LTCM imploded in 1998.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | isthisthingon99 wrote:
           | Correct. Arrogance is not illegal (yet).
        
             | DebtDeflation wrote:
             | Taking customer money and using it for something else is
             | absolutely a crime. And it has nothing to do with the
             | regulatory status (or lack thereof) for crypto. If a car
             | dealership takes customer down payments on cars and instead
             | of ordering the cars they gamble the money away in Vegas,
             | they don't get to just declare bankruptcy and say "too bad
             | so sad", they go to jail.
        
               | isthisthingon99 wrote:
               | To be clear, SBF/FTX total fraud.
               | 
               | The PhD guys from LTCM, not so much. Just arrogant.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | It had the potential to cascade to the rest of the market
           | because of how they used leverage, and the only reason it
           | didn't was because of emergency Fed intervention.
        
             | kumarvvr wrote:
             | That does not make it a fraud. They took investor money and
             | leveraged it and made bets on basis of their mathematical
             | models. Their models didn't work out.
             | 
             | I don't think their intention was to rob / hide / betray /
             | hoodwink.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | I was replying to this:
               | 
               | > A bunch of PhD traders lost their wealth
               | 
               | That is, the only reason the losses were limited to them
               | was because of special intervention. Otherwise, it
               | _would_ have caused losses for many others.
        
               | ghufran_syed wrote:
               | right, but if a counter-party ends up losing money
               | because of incorrect assessment of credit or liquidity
               | risk, isn't that _their own_ responsibility? It's like
               | when someone can't pay the mortgage loan a bank lent them
               | - the borrower isn't performing under the terms of the
               | contract, but part of the payments that borrowers make to
               | the lender is to account for that credit risk - what
               | matters is if the lender has accurately priced this over
               | their portfolio, taking into account how "independent"
               | (or otherwise...) the individual loan risks really are.
               | The liquidity problem is usually when it turns out that
               | the individual loans credit and liquidity risk are NOT
               | independent at times...
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | Yes, I understand how financial contracts work. But like
               | I said in my original comment[1], at the top of this
               | subthread, that provides vital context for the point I'm
               | making, this was big enough to have the potential to
               | _cascade_ , i.e. be such a big loss -- against such a
               | formerly-safe capital buffer -- as to spill over to other
               | financial institutions, bankrupt them, then spill over to
               | their counterparties etc, and eventually to the broader
               | markets that are many degrees removed.
               | 
               | The kind of situation they were worrying about and rushed
               | to prevent in 2008, IOW.
               | 
               | You are correct, in a trivial sense, that maybe the
               | entire market should have just not trusted anyone else,
               | except perhaps under extreme constraints, which would
               | have amounted to almost no financial intermediation and
               | thus almost no financial industry whatsoever. But even
               | the most hardcore "you should have vetted your
               | counterparty" finger-waggers aren't willing to go that
               | far.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33608638
        
           | naijaboiler wrote:
           | this is exactly what happended at FTX/Alameda. A bunch of
           | "smart" guys who backstopped and over-extended loans to
           | players, and their losses were magnified with their over-
           | leveraged positions, that was backed up with assets with no
           | values. That's exactly what happens in just about every
           | financial scandal.
        
             | jasode wrote:
             | _> this is exactly what happended at FTX/Alameda. A bunch
             | of "smart" guys [...]_
             | 
             | No, they're different situations.
             | 
             | The current details trickling out of the FTX scandal is
             | that CEO Samuel Bankman-Fried _secretly used customer
             | funds_ to prop up Alameda which is _unethical and
             | criminal_. This is fraud.
             | 
             | In contrast, the LTCM guys _lost billions honestly and
             | transparently_ via flawed math models based on
             | overconfident assumptions of price spread behavior. That
             | wasn 't criminal fraud. There was no illegal transfer of
             | investor funds.
        
               | naijaboiler wrote:
               | ignore the fraudulent part of covering up the money, how
               | Alameda lost money is the same as how LTCM guys lost
               | money. guys who think they are too smart and made wrong
               | predictions about the market. That part is very very
               | similar. SBF then compounded it by layering fraud on top
               | of the "im too smart to fail" losses by using customer
               | funds to cover up the losses.
        
             | simiones wrote:
             | FTX took customer deposits (which were supposed to be held
             | in custody and untouched, according to their TOS) and
             | loaned them out to Alameda to gamble with. That is entirely
             | different from being over-leveraged and having your debts
             | default.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _FTX took customer deposits (which were supposed to be
               | held in custody and untouched, according to their TOS)
               | and loaned them out to Alameda to gamble with_
               | 
               | This is what I initially suspected. But we can see FTX's
               | balance sheet [1]. There is no loan to Alameda. "FTX shot
               | its customer money into some still-unexplained reaches of
               | the astral plane" is the best explanation we have for
               | billions of missing dollars [2].
               | 
               | [1] https://www.ft.com/content/0c2a55b6-d34c-4685-8a8d-3c
               | 9628f1f...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-11-14
               | /ftx-s-...
        
               | DebtDeflation wrote:
               | I have a hunch that:
               | 
               | >negative $8bn entry described as "hidden, poorly
               | internally labled 'fiat@' account"
               | 
               | probably had something to do with the loan as that seems
               | to be roughly the amount and the description literally
               | makes no sense.
        
               | dwater wrote:
               | It's also possible that the one hastily thrown together
               | excel spreadsheet the CEO himself chose to release
               | doesn't include the full accounting. Maybe Sam decided to
               | leave off an illegal off-book loan?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _doesn 't include the full accounting_
               | 
               | I think the running bet is there is no full accounting.
        
               | kryogen1c wrote:
               | > we can see FTX's balance sheet [1]. There is no loan
               | 
               | The problem with this is that the customer funds are also
               | not present on their balance sheet. Levine opined about
               | this yesterday; Like 3 of the biggest assets are coins
               | ftx didn't pay for - so where did the money go?
               | 
               | That's why the Alameda explanation is likely, in one way
               | or another. Money had to go somewhere.
        
               | simiones wrote:
               | The information about a loan from was taken from the NYT
               | interview [0]:
               | 
               | > Meanwhile, at a meeting with Alameda employees on
               | Wednesday, Ms. Ellison explained what had caused the
               | collapse, according to a person familiar with the matter.
               | Her voice shaking, she apologized, saying she had let the
               | group down. Over recent months, she said, Alameda had
               | taken out loans and used the money to make venture
               | capital investments, among other expenditures.
               | 
               | > Around the time the crypto market crashed this spring,
               | Ms. Ellison explained, lenders moved to recall those
               | loans, the person familiar with the meeting said. But the
               | funds that Alameda had spent were no longer easily
               | available, so the company used FTX customer funds to make
               | the payments. Besides her and Mr. Bankman-Fried, she
               | said, two other people knew about the arrangement: Mr.
               | Singh and Mr. Wang.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/14/technology/ftx-
               | sam-bankma...
        
               | shawabawa3 wrote:
               | That balance sheet is a total joke and of course it
               | doesn't include an extremely illegal loan explicitly
               | written on it
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >FTX took customer deposits (which were supposed to be
               | held in custody and untouched, according to their TOS)
               | 
               | Can you provide the exact wording? At least when it comes
               | traditional finance, if there's margin involved (FTX most
               | definitely has margin), your deposits/holdings are fair
               | game for your broker to use as they please.
               | 
               | https://www.sec.gov/oiea/investor-alerts-and-
               | bulletins/ib_ma...
               | 
               | >Some margin accounts allow the brokerage firm to lend
               | out securities in the account to a third-party, at any
               | time without notice or compensation to the account
               | holder, if the investor has any outstanding margin loan
               | in the account
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | "You control the Digital Assets held in your Account,"
               | says Section 8.2 of the terms. "Title to your Digital
               | Assets shall at all times remain with you and shall not
               | transfer to FTX Trading." The terms continue: "None of
               | the Digital Assets in your Account are the property of,
               | or shall or may be loaned to, FTX Trading; FTX Trading
               | does not represent or treat Digital Assets in User's
               | Accounts as belonging to FTX Trading."
               | 
               | https://www.axios.com/2022/11/12/ftx-terms-service-
               | trading-c...
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | I think the "gambling" you referred to was their point,
               | not the accounting games they subsequently played to try
               | and get back into the black.
        
               | simiones wrote:
               | My point is that the real problem isn't that Alameda was
               | over-leveraged or gambling, it's that SBF stole user
               | funds from FTX to try to rescue Alameda. This is not what
               | (some of) those other companies did.
        
               | naijaboiler wrote:
               | from SBF perspective Alameda & FTX are the same. Yeah
               | yeah they are separate legal entities, but in actual
               | practise, one market-made for the other, and he treated
               | them like one is left hand, the other is right hand So
               | yeah Alameda gambled, overleverated and lost money just
               | like nearly every other financial crises in history, SBF
               | then fraudulently moved money from FTX to cover Alameda's
               | gambling losses. I won't be shocked if FTX has alway been
               | the source of funding for Alameda's gambling, just that
               | Alameda was winning when everything was rosy. then the
               | crypto market turned
        
         | syrrim wrote:
         | They lost roughly $8B in customer deposits. The $16B cited in
         | the article is the total amount of money they lost which
         | includes a sizable profit that they were supposed to have made
         | on their legitimate business activities.
        
         | pinkfairy10 wrote:
         | Madoff's investors "lost" more than $14.4B. Many of them were
         | invested in his funds for 20-30 years and received 0.77 on the
         | dollar per your comment.
        
         | belter wrote:
         | If only these calls for regulation from the two persons in this
         | interview, could have been heard on time. Most interestingly,
         | and as it's obvious from the interview, regulators were
         | watching these children playing and only poking gently.
         | 
         | At correct time: https://youtu.be/2ozjiX1E7ZA?t=25
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | The secret is that regulators can only have a fairly limited
           | effect, and retrospectively. As well as the inherent
           | jurisdiction difficulties in operating out of the Bahamas.
           | Mind you, that's something crypto investors _wanted_ :
           | freedom from government!
           | 
           | There's a real "accountability overhang" not just in crypto
           | but so many other things. Justice is slow and getting slower.
        
             | oldgradstudent wrote:
             | > The secret is that regulators can only have a fairly
             | limited effect
             | 
             | Not in this case.
             | 
             | A momentary glance from a distance at the balance sheet by
             | a semi competent bank supervisor would have noticed the
             | fraud.
             | 
             | The question: do you hold your users' assets in segregated
             | account is easily asked and easily answered with no.
        
           | bboygravity wrote:
           | May have something to do with FTX having paid off both US
           | political sides and having close ties to SEC's chair.
        
             | coffeebeqn wrote:
             | They were trying to push through a legislation that would
             | make most of their competitors illegal
        
         | jpm_sd wrote:
         | Was that $16B in "real money" (dollars), $16B in "pretend
         | money" (astronomically overvalued cryptocurrency), or some of
         | each?
        
           | prego_xo wrote:
           | Considering that "pretend money" is purchased with "real
           | money", this distinction doesn't matter much. I guess it just
           | depends on if you consider property valuable despite not
           | having a green tint and dead political figure on it.
        
             | robertlagrant wrote:
             | The question being asked is if the pretend money has risen
             | in value subsequent to purchase, then is the amount lost
             | the real money used to purchase it, or the pretend money at
             | peak (or another) valuation.
        
               | prego_xo wrote:
               | With both the 16 billion figure being preceded by the U.S
               | dollar sign, and FTX being an exchange for many different
               | cryptocurrencies at drastically different values, they
               | were probably adding up the dollars invested by
               | stockholders and the dollars input into the website.
               | After all, their FTT coin crashed and burned completely,
               | and many other currencies are also dipping to record
               | lows. If they valued the dollar based on current prices,
               | then it would be multiples of $16B instead.
               | 
               | Either way, the inclusion of "astronomically overvalued
               | cryptocurrency" as a descriptor definitely makes it seem
               | more like a slight towards crypto than an honest question
               | of the valuation. Put simply, a lot of people lost a lot
               | of money.
        
         | matthewdgreen wrote:
         | I wonder how much of those $16B in customer deposits were
         | actually lightly-traded altcoins that could never have been
         | liquidated at anything close to that value? There is no doubt
         | they defrauded people of a lot of (real!) money, but my guess
         | is a huge chunk of that $16B top-line figure is fantasyland
         | dog-coin nonsense. Whereas the LTCM and Enron investors at
         | least started with real cash.
        
           | tommica wrote:
           | But those coins were most likely purchased with real money?
        
             | matthewdgreen wrote:
             | Yes, but how much real money is the question. I'm not
             | doubting that real money was lost, just wondering if $16B
             | of actual customer dollars ever flowed into the exchange.
        
               | scottyah wrote:
               | Exactly, I always wondered what the real numbers looked
               | like. It's so easy to mint 100 coins, get a friend to buy
               | one at $100, and say you "have" $9,900.
               | 
               | I wouldn't be surprised if the number of actual dollars
               | was less than $100 million.
        
               | tfehring wrote:
               | It's easy to see how FTX's _assets_ could be  "worth"
               | $16B in the absence of any real money coming into play,
               | but I don't see how they could get to $16B in
               | _liabilities_ that way. The most obvious possibility
               | would be if their liabilities were also denominated in
               | thinly-traded shitcoins, but at this point it seems clear
               | that that wasn 't the case.
        
             | bena wrote:
             | I think his point is that while it was bought with real
             | money, it couldn't be sold for real money.
             | 
             | If I buy 50 RandoCoins for $1 today, tomorrow it shows that
             | it's now valued at $2, and then the next day RandoCoin is
             | hacked and all the coins are stolen, I didn't really lose
             | $100, I only lost $50.
             | 
             | So he's wondering if the value of loss is being expressed
             | as the money used the purchase the coins or the perceived
             | value of the coins.
        
           | anonymoushn wrote:
           | You can just look at SBF's excel spreadsheet describing his
           | own liabilities, they are mostly in dollars
        
           | TrapLord_Rhodo wrote:
           | Dog-coin nonsense has a 24hr trading volume of $669M. There's
           | actually quite a bit of liquidity in crypto since it lends
           | itself to HFT.
           | 
           | BTC for instance has a 24hr TV of $37B, making it one of the
           | most exchanged assets in the world.
        
         | benjaminwootton wrote:
         | Strangely, I am not hearing many stories from retail of big
         | losses. There were tons of people coming out of the woodwork on
         | Reddit and Twitter after the LUNA collapse. Not sure what
         | that's all about.
        
           | coffeebeqn wrote:
           | Their s*tokens were mainly held by Alameda - serum and ftt.
           | So probably not a ton of exposure among real users. Now when
           | people won't get to withdraw their money/tokens from FTX..
           | ever? That'll become a huge problem. Sounds like all the
           | money is just gone on stupid gambles
        
         | adrr wrote:
         | How much shareholders capital did FTX lose? I assume they lost
         | billions of investor capital.
        
         | mkj wrote:
         | If they lost it through bad bets, who was on the winning side
         | of those bets?
        
           | paulusthe wrote:
           | Crypto shorts
        
             | JamesianP wrote:
             | Or just to people losing money who would have lost more had
             | Alameda not bought from them on the way down.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | Ironically keeping a short position to benefit from this
             | collapse is pretty risky. Shorting requires leverage by
             | necessity, which means you'll have to turn to an exchange
             | like FTX, which has the possibility of collapsing.
             | Decentralized lending protocols aren't much better, as
             | collapses a few months ago has shown.
        
               | super256 wrote:
               | CME offers micro futures at globex: METX2 and MBTX2. You
               | can short those with your typical margin rates; my broker
               | gives me the same leverage as legally defined by my gov.
        
               | pcthrowaway wrote:
               | You can short by borrowing and selling as well. Even on-
               | chain, though you're then susceptible to defi hacks that
               | would affect your collateral
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >You can short by borrowing
               | 
               | that's leverage.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | An interesting part of Madoff recoveries were through
         | settlements against originators/feeder funds because they <<
         | ought >> to have known it was a ponzi.
         | 
         | Unsure if FTX creditors will be able to do the same.
         | 
         | But mostly, Madoff himself didn't really spend much money. Just
         | did nothing with it. The few pieces of fancy real estate he
         | lived in were actually profitable because he didn't build some
         | gawdy illiquid palace.
         | 
         | But there was a lot of time-value loss that isn't accounted
         | for. Even 14 years later there are still distributions. Even
         | getting $1 back on your 1995 $1 is still a big loss.
        
           | JamesianP wrote:
           | > An interesting part of Madoff recoveries were through
           | settlements against originators/feeder funds because they <<
           | ought >> to have known it was a ponzi.
           | 
           | Did the judge say that? I would think the logic was that they
           | were effectively getting stolen money as gifts. Like when a
           | scammer gives their victims' money to their own family.
           | Doesn't matter if they were in the dark or even spent it
           | already.
           | 
           | As I understand it, if stolen/scam money is used to buy
           | something it's not the seller's responsibility because money
           | is legal tender. On the other hand, if a stolen item is sold,
           | the issue of knowing where it came from does becomes
           | important.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | No, but I think they were all settlements, so one needs to
             | read between the lines.
             | 
             | But maybe you're right and it's just recoveries of their
             | commissions etc.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | I'm wondering if the numbers are believable. That's because I
         | think they are doing "paper valuation," like when a drug bust
         | happens, and the value of the kilo is broken into "street-
         | level" packets; quadrupling the value.
         | 
         | I am not a crypto expert, but from the bit I do know, it seems
         | as if it's fairly difficult to correlate fiat with crypto.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | The Matt Levine article looks at that and claims quite a lot
           | of it is just tokens issued by FTX themselves or related
           | trading entities. In the words of Walter Sobchak from the Big
           | Lebowski : "Mark it zero!"
           | 
           | Perhaps "only" $5bn was real and much of that was from
           | institutional investors. Not yet clear how many retail rubes
           | have been caught up in this.
        
         | hoseja wrote:
         | Are those 2022 dollars?
        
         | eternalban wrote:
         | Unless there is some sort of event horizon in financial
         | systems, it is wrong to use the word "lost" as if it is
         | impossible to find out who got these kingly sums. Billions of
         | dollars were "blown" and the question we should be asking, very
         | forcefully, is who got that money.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | It's crypto! Once it's transferred off the exchange, it's in
           | a pseudonymous wallet.
           | 
           | Just to confuse matters, it appears that both the exchange
           | was hacked and an insider was draining funds just before it
           | shut down. But before that, there was a lot of "money" that
           | went out the door in legitimate trading losses.
        
             | eternalban wrote:
             | (I thought these [addresses] could be watched.)
             | 
             | > there was a lot of "money" that went out the door in
             | legitimate trading losses.
             | 
             | Let's not give them easy pass on this. I could be wrong so
             | correct me on this:
             | 
             | Easy setup is to have a bunch of people setup 'shitcoins'
             | and shell companies, scam people to put actual money into
             | the scheme to pump the price, and then pay inflated prices
             | for your fellow scam artists' shitcoins, so they clean out,
             | but the chumps who bought your coin are holding the bag.
        
           | xhkkffbf wrote:
           | It could be that no one "got that money." If a stock is
           | trading at $2X and the value of all of the shares is $1
           | billion, no one gets the money if the stock opens the next
           | day at $X. That's the problem with thinking of stock prices
           | as real money. (And, indeed, real cash can also lose value
           | through inflation.)
        
         | jjallen wrote:
         | This is a great point. I guess I am skeptical that everything
         | will be lost, but even if it's only half it will still be an
         | absolutely enormous bankruptcy and loss.
         | 
         | If all of the actual cash, the real liquid assets were
         | withdrawn leaving only illiquid, relatively valueless crypto
         | tokens, and those tokens are sold down over the coming months
         | then the percentage losses as a percentage of the max or total
         | value they managed will be very high indeed. Sorry for the run-
         | on sentence.
        
           | anonymoushn wrote:
           | The secondary market for claims against FTX is pricing those
           | claims at about 5c
        
         | matwood wrote:
         | For another reference, 16B is Spotify's entire market cap. The
         | amount lost here is staggering. And given what's leaked from
         | their balance sheet, I don't see how people avoid jail time.
         | 
         | I'll also add, if you want to really dig into FTX details,
         | simply read Matt Levine's newsletters.
        
           | mudrockbestgirl wrote:
           | I think a lot of people are missing that it was not 16 liquid
           | USD that was lost here. It was 16B of various assets on
           | paper. That's different from a pretty liquid stock traded on
           | the NYSE.
           | 
           | The 16B could've never been liquidated as 16B in cash because
           | the liquidity for many of these assets is too low. Selling
           | even just a small fraction would have crashed the market for
           | many of these assets. It's impossible to know what the liquid
           | worth of these assets was, but it was probably 5-10x less
           | than what's on paper.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | I can't think of any possible reason.
         | 
         | https://fortune.com/2022/11/10/sam-bankman-fried-ftx-joe-bid...
        
           | nova22033 wrote:
           | Ryan Salame, the co-CEO, donated heavily to the GOP.
        
             | PubliusMI wrote:
        
             | jpadkins wrote:
             | Don't fall for the red-blue trap. There is one
             | establishment, which uses social issues to divide and
             | conquer and create the illusion of choice.
        
             | joenot443 wrote:
             | As I've explained to others here before, there's a
             | difference in magnitude which is relevant here. SBF pledged
             | to donate _$1 billion_ to the Democrat party. The only
             | person to spend more money on the Democrats this cycle was
             | the dear George Soros.
             | 
             | Who knows what's in store for SBF, but it's important to
             | look at the facts here and acknowledge that this operation
             | was heavily invested in the success of the Democratic
             | party.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | Pledged, but it sounds like it never happened.
        
               | DebtDeflation wrote:
               | There's an even bigger difference between donating and
               | pledging to donate.
               | 
               | Salame donated $26.4M to individual GOP politicians and
               | another $2-3M to GOP political organization.
               | 
               | SBF donated $39.8M to Democratic politicians and
               | organizations.
               | 
               | Not all that different.
               | 
               | The $1B pledge was realistically never going to happen,
               | just as his offer to loan Musk $3B to buy Twitter was
               | never going to happen. Even in the best of times he never
               | would have been able to extract that kind of real money
               | from his operation within a short time.
        
       | SilverBirch wrote:
       | This article spends quite a bit of time talking about SBF's risk
       | appetite and how it might be drug related. I think that's missing
       | a fairly obvious piece of logic.
       | 
       | In order to decide to go into crypto trading you need to have an
       | extremely high tolerance for risk. The crypto industry is self-
       | selected for risk in the first place, you don't need complex
       | explanations of why they use lots of leverage on highly volatile
       | assets, that's literally the reason why they're there. If SBF had
       | a low appetite for risk he wouldn't have entered crypto or
       | started a start up, he would have stayed in trad-fi getting paid
       | massive sums of money for some fairly basic quant work. It's not
       | that Sam has a high risk appetite, it's that in order to get into
       | the position Sam was in you need a high risk appetite.
       | 
       | And that obviously poses a big problem for people who want to use
       | a crypto exchange - because they can only find exchanges run by
       | people with a massive risk appetite making it likely to blow up
       | in your face.
        
         | wikfwikf wrote:
         | I think there's a huge difference with someone who has a huge
         | appetite for risk, and someone who is taking risks, essentially
         | without oversight, while on dopamine-replacing drugs. Many
         | people who work in conventional finance are well aware of how
         | brain chemistry changes (caused by illness, medication, illicit
         | drugs, or emotional and life changes) can push someone from
         | being in control while pursuing risky but profitable strategies
         | to being a degenerate gambling addict.
        
           | MichaelCollins wrote:
           | Putting so much blame on the drugs seems like a way of
           | casting Bankman-Fried as an addict/victim. In reality he's a
           | thief and has been from the start of this scheme. He has a
           | sociopathic disregard for others and cynically covers that
           | with cheap talk of being an altruist.
        
             | disqard wrote:
             | Another HN commenter wrote that "EA is charity for
             | sociopaths"
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33578131
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | voxadam wrote:
       | Archive: https://archive.ph/kkpuz
        
         | Abecid wrote:
         | Nice the site is down now for some reason
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | A side issue, but I found it distracting that the text
       | consistently refers to Caroline Ellison by her first name alone,
       | rather than last name or both names or initials like all other
       | people discussed (and like is generally done for public figures
       | covered in news articles etc).
       | 
       | But I'm not in the "community", I don't read a lot of this inside
       | baseball stuff. Is this the way she is usually referred to? It
       | looks like her twitter name, in tweets quoted here, was just her
       | first name too? And she's referred to by just her first name in
       | the "insider's account" quoted at the end too. What's up with
       | that?
        
         | smcl wrote:
         | It opens by using their full names, but goes on to refer to
         | them as sbf, caroline and trabucco in the rest of the piece. I
         | guess it's like "zuck" and "pg" etc, I don't _think_ it was
         | meant in a bad way.
        
         | joenot443 wrote:
         | Sometimes peoples' first name ends up being what they're known
         | as by the general public, usually because using just the last
         | name might be ambiguous. Nobody called him "West" before the
         | name change, it was always "Kanye". Similarly, one might not
         | immediately know who "Winfrey" is, but everyone knows "Oprah".
         | 
         | Presumably, since Larry Ellison is also a figure in the high-
         | net-worth tech world, one might unintentionally mislead the
         | reader by just using Caroline's last name, so in this case I
         | see people just using her first. I don't think there's much
         | more to it than that.
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | I mean in that first-name-celebrity sense, it actually is
           | kind of bombastic, rather than denigrating. Is another read.
           | It still seems weird to me.
           | 
           | The celebrity first-name-ism is sort of an attempt to claim a
           | global fame, as well as a sort of artificial familiarity. I
           | refused to call them "Hillary" or "Bernie" either, they
           | aren't my friends, they are public figures.
           | 
           | It seems notable and weird and interesting to me in this case
           | (as well as distracting as a reader who wasn't expecting it),
           | but I'm not certain or making assumptions about what's behind
           | it, I'm curious.
        
         | aliqot wrote:
         | she went by other names like "Fake Charity Girl"
        
       | lzooz wrote:
        
         | bitcharmer wrote:
         | There's an interview with her where you'd think they're talking
         | to some cringy teenager and not a CEO of a multi-billion dollar
         | company.
         | 
         | https://youtu.be/8yqmf9sbaZw
        
         | highwaylights wrote:
         | Not planning to, but this still really saddens me.
         | 
         | You can have grievances about what happened here (and I'm sure
         | many do), but the overtly sexual attacks on Caroline Ellison
         | should disgust us all.
         | 
         | This isn't a defence of anyone's actions. If crimes have been
         | committed, they should be investigated and prosecuted. If no
         | crime has been committed, maybe regulation should be introduced
         | - or maybe people should learn a valuable lesson about what
         | happens when you go out of your way to engage in investments
         | that derive their gains from dodging consumer protection
         | regulations.
         | 
         | In any case, the attacks on Caroline Ellison reflect really
         | badly on the worst stereotypes of Crypto Bros as a whole - even
         | though I'm certain it's a tiny minority of people involved in
         | them.
        
           | lzooz wrote:
           | What the fuck is a "sexual attack"
        
             | highwaylights wrote:
             | Maybe I'm misunderstanding your Google Images reference,
             | but the content of the discussions on Reddit since this all
             | kicked off have followed enough of a theme that I can take
             | a guess at what some of those people have photoshopped up
             | for the web masses.
             | 
             | Probably easier to ask outright, why shouldn't I do a
             | Google Images search for Caroline Ellison?
        
               | lzooz wrote:
               | Because those pictures can produce some darn explosive
               | puking.
        
               | [deleted]
        
       | qsi wrote:
       | As often is the case, Matt Levine has an amazingly detailed,
       | horrific and informative rundown of it all at
       | 
       | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-11-14/ftx-s-...
       | 
       | The FTX "balance sheet" (which was a spreadsheet) had a cell
       | called "hidden, poorly internally labled 'fiat@' account".
       | 
       | Another key bit from Levine:
       | 
       | "If you try to calculate the equity of a balance sheet with an
       | entry for HIDDEN POORLY INTERNALLY LABELED ACCOUNT, Microsoft
       | Clippy will appear before you in the flesh, bloodshot and
       | staggering, with a knife in his little paper-clip hand, saying
       | "just what do you think you're doing Dave?" You cannot apply
       | ordinary arithmetic to numbers in a cell labeled "HIDDEN POORLY
       | INTERNALLY LABELED ACCOUNT." The result of adding or subtracting
       | those numbers with ordinary numbers is not a number; it is
       | prison."
       | 
       | And that's not all. This is fraud on a truly epic scale... Read
       | the whole thing.
       | 
       | Edited to add that the HIDDEN POORLY INTERNALLY LABELED Account
       | had a value of negative $8 billion.
        
       | croes wrote:
       | It is always a good start when the author praises himself and
       | insults others in the first paragraph. /s
        
       | H8crilA wrote:
       | > _When loans were recalled in early 2022, an emergency decision
       | was made to use FTX users' deposits to repay creditors._
       | 
       | Just so you know, this is a clear and obvious prison sentence in
       | normal finance.
       | 
       | Also FTX itself was trading with customer deposits instead of
       | just keeping them like an exchange is supposed to do, which is
       | also prison in normal finance.
       | 
       | Matt Levine wrote a good piece on this debacle, and will probably
       | write more. It is simply breathtaking, every paragraph evokes a
       | massive "wat".
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | FTX supposedly collected 0.1% commission on $100B+ volume per
         | day.
         | 
         | Why couldn't they just get a loan to cover their losses?
        
           | vgatherps wrote:
           | Neither of these numbers are correct, they imply 100M of
           | profit a day.
           | 
           | Volume is heavily weighted towards the highest tiers which on
           | ftx were paying 0.015% to take and receiving 0.01% to make
           | (given, alameda would receive no rebate).
           | 
           | They've also never claimed to do 100B+ a day. They published
           | stats about their volume as well as some other exchanges
           | here: https://ftx.com/volume-monitor.
           | 
           | It's stale since the collapse but they're claiming 16bn, and
           | usually were claiming 5-10bn a day in the last month. Give
           | some fudge factor for various traders at various tiers and
           | this backs out to 1m a day order of magnitude.
           | 
           | Not covering a multi billion dollar hole with that anytime
           | soon.
        
             | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
             | Okay - so even 0.01% on $10Bn = $1M per day = $365M per
             | year, and - at the time - growing.
             | 
             | One would think they should've been able to get a loan (if
             | those numbers were real).
        
           | H8crilA wrote:
           | No one in their right mind wants to lend to scammers. They
           | took customers money and used it for their own goals
           | (unsuccessful trading). I cannot express how fucked up that
           | is.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | eternalban wrote:
       | > This is, frankly, just absurd and incomprehensible. It makes
       | absolutely no sensewhat is he doing? I struggle to imagine the
       | state of his mind at the moment.
       | 
       | Apparently working on his defense. Temporary loss of mental
       | faculties due to drug use, along with this "it wasn't anything
       | other than Sam on drugs" & (yes there it is again) "incompetence"
       | article. Country club prison it is to be then, after all.
       | 
       | I've seen tweets that question the origin story of first windfall
       | of SBF. Has anyone actually vetted that initial "arb" that was
       | the pretext for Forbes et al to introduce us to SBF the virtuous
       | genius? These tweets claimed surprise that it could have been
       | done without substantial unmentioned support. I would start
       | digging there.
        
       | NDizzle wrote:
       | It's a bipartisan, top to bottom rug pull exposing the corruption
       | everywhere.
       | 
       | Fucking nothing will happen.
       | 
       | Here is the turtle's cut, for example. Out in the open.
       | 
       | https://docquery.fec.gov/cgi-bin/fecimg/?202210159536655878
        
       | [deleted]
        
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