[HN Gopher] FTX to file for U.S. bankruptcy, CEO resigns
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       FTX to file for U.S. bankruptcy, CEO resigns
        
       Author : mfiguiere
       Score  : 461 points
       Date   : 2022-11-11 14:32 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.reuters.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.reuters.com)
        
       | nunez wrote:
       | i know next to nothing about crypto, but i guess we finally won't
       | see umps with huge FTX logos on their polos next season, and
       | that's really great.
        
       | ftx_no_name wrote:
       | I'm one of customers that have money on FTX international which I
       | cannot withdraw. (yup i know. bad decisions etc, but i knew the
       | risk).
       | 
       | Do you guys know, what will happen with the funds? Will I as a
       | customer get any of my money back? (do you know if I'm a secured
       | creditor?)
        
         | superjan wrote:
         | I am surprised that this is hardly discussed here. FTX is
         | supposedly a large exchange, so there should be lots of
         | individual investors affected.
        
         | AustinDev wrote:
         | MTGOX blew up in Feb 28, 2014. I had ~100BTC there. I've yet to
         | receive a dime. Just as a point of reference.
        
           | benjaminwootton wrote:
           | A cool $2 million, $6 million at peak. Maybe one day you will
           | get the call....
        
         | avrionov wrote:
         | I'm sorry to hear that. You should look at Celsius as an
         | example what happen next. They are further down on the
         | bankruptcy.
         | 
         | https://www.reddit.com/r/CelsiusNetwork/
        
           | ftx_no_name wrote:
           | Thank you!
        
         | __derek__ wrote:
         | You're an _unsecured_ creditor. It 's obviously an open
         | question whether you'll be able to recover any funds.
        
       | alldayeveryday wrote:
        
         | adamsmith143 wrote:
         | That thread is completely deranged and uses a lot of tweets to
         | say nothing of substance. Barely above Qanon level here. Well
         | connected kids with successful well connect parents make lots
         | of money, news at 11...
        
           | systemicdanna wrote:
           | It's unusual that this trash is leaking to HN and is getting
           | support.
        
             | jjulius wrote:
             | It's currently getting downvoted to the bottom of the
             | comments, and follow up responses to it with more
             | "corroborating information" are already getting downvoted
             | to hell.
             | 
             | Edit: Most comments in this chain, including the genesis,
             | "Add some political contribution money laundering into the
             | equation", are now grey.
             | 
             | Edit 2: Aaaaand the genesis comment, as well as the follow
             | up with "corroborating information", are now flagged.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | orangepurple wrote:
        
           | adamsmith143 wrote:
           | You really think it was necessary to set up a totally
           | fraudulent multi billion dollar crypto company in order to
           | raise money for Biden? You realize they could have just gone
           | to any of a few dozen left leaning billionaires and gotten
           | the money far easier? Occam's Razor.
        
           | streb-lo wrote:
           | Do we really need to promote conspiracy theories?
           | 
           | We know what happened. Smart rich kid uses his connections to
           | get loaned $50M and gets wildly rich from arbitrage. I'm not
           | sure why more and more people decided he was worth trusting
           | with even more insane amounts of money, especially when it's
           | just a gang of kids running the company.
        
           | systemicdanna wrote:
           | >really makes you think
           | 
           | Ah yes, the pedophile cannibals are to blame. Look into it.
        
       | monkeydust wrote:
       | He should have just stuck to running an exchange and trying to
       | innovate that game (note - earlier in the year lots of talk
       | around their automated margin plan for wider industry beyond
       | crypto). Theres a decent business there.
        
         | digianarchist wrote:
         | That's not profitable though. Look at Coinbase.
         | 
         | That's why these companies have to mint their own shitcoins and
         | come up with derivative Ponzi products to make money.
        
         | herodoturtle wrote:
         | > He should have just stuck to running an exchange
         | 
         | I'm a bit of a Luddite when it comes to crypto, can you please
         | help me undersatnd what did SBF actually do that has caused all
         | this trouble?
         | 
         | Aside from running an exchange I mean.
         | 
         | I'm just trying to understand the context of all these
         | headlines.
        
           | boeingUH60 wrote:
           | He used user deposits for risky trading and lost it all.
        
         | bogomipz wrote:
         | What was the "automated margin plan"?
        
           | canoebuilder wrote:
           | > _What was the "automated margin plan"?_
           | 
           | And does/would it bring any value into the world, or is it
           | just an effort to keep the plates spinning in the multi
           | dimensional scam crypto has become?
           | 
           | Genuine question btw, if there is a real business there, does
           | it serve the interests of broader society in any way?
        
       | fredgrott wrote:
       | So the safe bet seems to be not the Tokens and not crypto
       | specifically but the hardware house firms producing ASIC chips,
       | namely:
       | 
       | Anyone have an idea which firms produce these chips for Amazon,
       | Apple, Google, Microsoft, etc. ?
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | "Voluntary Chapter 11" in Delaware. Figures.
       | 
       | That gets them out from bankruptcy in the Bahamas, which is much
       | tougher than US law. The Bahamas still has classic tough
       | bankruptcy laws, where there's no debtor-in-possession
       | reorganization. It's straight to liquidation, with a court-
       | appointed receiver in charge.
       | 
       | This should be, and may be, converted to a straight liquidation.
       | Chapter 11 can be useful for restarting companies that actually
       | _do_ something, like General Motors. There, much of the value is
       | in the ongoing business. FTX, going forward, has no ongoing
       | business. Lawyers for creditors will be making that argument.
       | 
       | Note that Bankman-Fried is still employed by FTX, "assisting".
       | 
       | Current banners at FTX.com: "FTX is currently unable to process
       | withdrawals. We strongly advise against depositing. Deposits of
       | TRX, BTT, JST, SUN, and HT are disabled. All onboarding of new
       | clients has been suspended until further notice."
       | 
       | "We have reached an agreement with Tron to establish a special
       | facility to allow holders of TRX, BTT, JST, SUN, and HT to swap
       | assets from FTX 1:1 to external wallets. This functionality will
       | be enabled at 18:30 UTC, November 10, 2022."
        
         | AustinDev wrote:
         | >"We have reached an agreement with Tron to establish a special
         | facility to allow holders of TRX, BTT, JST, SUN, and HT to swap
         | assets from FTX 1:1 to external wallets. This functionality
         | will be enabled at 18:30 UTC, November 10, 2022."
         | 
         | These centralized coins are hilarious. How can you negotiate a
         | special facility to swap to those assets when they're
         | presumably gone? Also now that they've filed for Chapter 11
         | won't all these 'activities' and withdrawals be frozen?
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | Justin will conjure more out of thin air, and be probably
           | views it as more profitable to encourage as many sheep into
           | his ecosystem as possible, even if that means covering
           | losses.
        
         | rurp wrote:
         | > We strongly advise against depositing
         | 
         | Wait, withdrawls are completely frozen and the company is done
         | for, but they are still accepting deposits?!
        
           | a1369209993 wrote:
           | I'm not familiar with any of the listed currencies, but in a
           | properly-designed cryptocurrency a deposit to a given public
           | key is just any transaction[0] that includes a output to that
           | public key. There's no such thing as accepting or not
           | accepting deposits, at most they could actively refund them,
           | which bankruptcy presumably prevents them from doing.
           | 
           | IOW, they're saying: "If you give us money, we will (/may) be
           | forced to give it to our creditors rather than back to you,
           | so don't do that.".
           | 
           | 0: IE, a message published by Alice to the effect of
           | "[Alice's public key] gives [Bob's public key] X [coin]s.
           | [Alice's signature for this message]", published on the
           | distributed ledger. Note that Alice can create and publish
           | such a message without any input from Bob.
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | They've at least turned off signups.
           | 
           | There are still people who _believe_. This is the top comment
           | on FTX on Coinmarketcap, posted yesterday:
           | 
           |  _$FTT -- Take a screenshot of this post_
           | 
           |  _1. Someone is going to buy out FTX and this exchange is not
           | shutting down. By someone I mean Elon Musk kind of people._
           | 
           |  _2. No. FTT isn 't going to wipeout if we talk about the
           | fall, most of the cryptos have all fallen significantly. So a
           | crypto going down from $24 to $3 doesn't mean the are going
           | out for good._
           | 
           |  _3. $8 Billion Dollars as some here are fidgeting to
           | understand isn 't a large number if you look at the entire
           | market cap of the crypto sitting at $800 Billion and $3
           | Trillion sometime back._
           | 
           | There are people who truly believe. And there are those who
           | exploit that belief.
        
           | skinnymuch wrote:
           | I don't think it's possible to stop someone from depositing
           | something into a wallet/key. That's an issue with things like
           | doxxing or spreading humiliating media of someone. You can
           | push anything via the protocols to any address.
        
           | chrisseaton wrote:
           | How would they be able to stop people making deposits?
        
         | sp332 wrote:
         | Actually, the Bahamas already froze their stuff and that
         | subsidiary is not part of the Chapter 11. Looks like Australia
         | did the same. https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2022/11/sam-
         | bankman-frie...
        
         | null0pointer wrote:
         | Wait, why does a Bahamas based company get to choose the
         | jurisdiction where its bankruptcy proceedings are held? Surely
         | if they are a Bahamas company they are beholden to Bahamas
         | bankruptcy laws?
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | Background on multi-jurisdiction bankruptcies.[1] It's
           | complicated. A lot depends on who makes the first legal move.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.financierworldwide.com/forum-managing-cross-
           | bord...
        
         | imdsm wrote:
         | Withdrawals halted yet one of the FTX hot wallets had hundreds
         | of thousands of BUSD and USDC going out earlier today.
        
           | ryanSrich wrote:
           | If you're in the Bahamas you can withdraw. People on Twitter
           | with millions in FTX have been paying Bahaman citizens to KYC
           | their accounts so they can withdraw. This is obviously highly
           | illegal.
        
       | bipop5000 wrote:
        
         | rinze wrote:
         | Few understand.
        
       | mkagenius wrote:
       | Had it been going on behind the doors, the VCs would have pumped
       | more money in to the scam. Since it became too public to hurt
       | their brand they will no more fund it.
       | 
       | It happens all the time. The VCs know how their portfolio
       | companies operate and still keep supporting them.
        
         | jddil wrote:
         | Ding ding, winner winner chicken dinner.
         | 
         | Quick reminder that we're on a VC board that has participated
         | in this shell game; this fraud that has stolen money from naive
         | people.
         | 
         | And before I get downvoted to oblivion or moderated by @dang I
         | hope a few people read this comment and realize how much was
         | stolen from you so the sand hill gang can play monopoly ... it
         | was a lot.
        
           | thiscatis wrote:
           | StableGains literally committed fraud and YC still invested
           | in them. But talking about it here gets the YC apologists out
           | en masse.
        
           | MrMan wrote:
           | yes its been my opinion for years that they are all crooks,
           | the whole thing was made possible basically by quantitative
           | easing. but I still find a lot of ridiculous foolishness
           | posted here so I keep getting lured back.
        
           | kodah wrote:
           | There's no summon feature on this website so your @ is pretty
           | futile.
        
             | bitcharmer wrote:
             | You must be new on HN. @ is very commonly used here to
             | denote a user handle.
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | I'm not new and I've never seen people do this. I also
               | have double your karma, which you could see in my
               | profile. Strange comment.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | matthewmcg wrote:
       | Sam "Bank Run" Fried
        
       | 1B05H1N wrote:
       | The guy plays league of legends, what do you expect him to know
       | about risk management?
        
       | MangoCoffee wrote:
       | i still can't get over the fact that FTX CEO took his customers
       | money to fund his gambling firm.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | Why can't you?
         | 
         | This is exactly what you would expect absent regulation.
         | 
         | If you win, you win.
         | 
         | If you lose, your customers lose.
        
       | zinekeller wrote:
       | Just noting that the FT article has a statement from its interim
       | CEO:
       | 
       | "The immediate relief of Chapter 11 is appropriate to provide the
       | FTX Group the opportunity to assess its situation and develop a
       | process to maximize recoveries for stakeholders," _[John J]_ Ray
       | _[III]_ said.
        
         | NotYourLawyer wrote:
         | Stakeholders == company insiders, right?
        
           | cbsmith wrote:
           | No, in this case, it'd be anyone that the company owes money
           | to, with the shareholders being at the back of the queue.
        
           | bilbo0s wrote:
           | Well, secured creditors really. They may or may not be
           | insiders.
           | 
           | The people who are really hosed are the non secured
           | creditors. Who, again, may or may not be insiders.
           | 
           | That said, in either case, they are very likely to be
           | extremely disappointed in what is recovered. I just have a
           | sneaky suspicion that even the USD6 Billion that everyone
           | hopes remains available, is not actually there.
           | 
           | But time will tell.
        
       | criddell wrote:
       | Is this FTX US?
       | 
       | Yesterday SBF said FTX US was not impacted by the shitshow:
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1590709195892195329
        
         | sillysaurusx wrote:
         | Sure is! https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33561290
        
           | NotYourLawyer wrote:
           | alwayshasbeen.jpg
        
         | coffeebeqn wrote:
         | Hahaha sure it won't be impacted
        
         | denzquix wrote:
         | SBF's announcement of Chapter 11 proceedings today explicitly
         | includes FTX US:
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1591089317300293636
        
           | kebman wrote:
           | If only I had a FTX US account. I'd get one more day of
           | GTFO...
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | SBF has Tweeted a lot of things in the last few weeks that were
         | provably false, sometimes just hours after he sent them. I was
         | surprised that everyone here just took him at his word about
         | FTX US.
        
           | criddell wrote:
           | I gave it some credence because in the US he has the SEC to
           | think about.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Kukumber wrote:
       | I love how this stinky bomb backfired, they wanted to destroy
       | Binance from the inside but greed blew up their plan
       | 
       | How funny, US intelligence definitely is out of business
        
       | orangepurple wrote:
       | Is this the same FTX US that is the #3 donor to political
       | parties?
       | 
       | 2/3 (D) 1/3 (R)
       | 
       | https://www.opensecrets.org/elections-overview/top-organizat...
        
         | no_butterscotch wrote:
         | $70,099,115
         | 
         | 70 million in one year. Yikes. Seems like the company was full
         | of bad decisions.
        
           | asdajksah2123 wrote:
           | Less bad decisions and more making sure they had political
           | cover for their Ponzi and no one investigated them too hard.
        
             | awinder wrote:
             | These donations were pretty clearly part of a forward-play
             | on having a prominent seat at the table for writing
             | regulations, it's not really a secret that they were
             | planning to try to starve out Binance through crypto
             | regulation.
             | 
             | Also while it's kind of a thing to buy influence to the
             | legislative process, buying your way out of justice isn't
             | really. There's way too much apparatus outside of electoral
             | politics. FTX wasn't investigated because what were they
             | going to be investigated for, it's an unregulated offshore
             | financial outfit with no signs of distress until it went
             | boom, like most "Ponzi schemes".
        
             | bhouston wrote:
             | Yup, money to politicians does tend to make them look away.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gjsman-1000 wrote:
         | Yes. There are whole articles online (by both sides) about how
         | he became a critical Democratic party supporter almost
         | overnight.
         | 
         | According to MarketWatch, he was the _second largest donor_ to
         | the Democrat Party.
         | 
         | Good for him I guess that Dems did well in the election.
         | Though, I would love an independent probe to ensure there's no
         | quid pro quo.
        
           | vnchr wrote:
           | Your hypothesis is the second largest donor to the Democrat
           | Party gave without expectation of quid pro quo?
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | I didn't try to suggest it because HN would probably
             | downvote me to oblivion if I did. I personally, however,
             | think that a quid pro quo is pretty likely - and
             | Republicans would shout this from the rooftops if they had
             | a little more sense in my opinion. Stealing a ton of money,
             | giving a ton to Democrats, potentially helping win an
             | election, and then not investigating or properly punishing
             | the thief is a perfect crime... so, if I am the Dems, I
             | would throw or at least try to get 150+ years in prison
             | Madoff-style at a minimum.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | > Republicans would shout this from the rooftops if they
               | had a little more sense in my opinion.
               | 
               | The Republican party has been defunct since 2008. I say
               | this as a republican. Yes, they have local machines in
               | isolated areas, but the party itself is non-existent on a
               | national level, except when they scrape by due people
               | being disaffected by the democrats. The Republicans have
               | not been a true majority party for decades.
               | 
               | You will certainly see certain republicans shouting this,
               | myself included. You will see smaller local groups shout
               | this. But the national party does not really exist
        
             | hotpotamus wrote:
             | Why does anyone donate to a political party? They must
             | expect some quo; isn't that your implication? Perhaps it's
             | a systemic problem?
        
         | xyst wrote:
         | yes
        
         | soco wrote:
         | Why would an organization donate to BOTH competitors sizeable
         | amounts like this? Okay, it's more to the dems, but quite a sum
         | for the gop as well. Do they just want a soft landing
         | regardless who wins? Wouldn't that be the same if not funding
         | at all? Or maybe not, they can tell later any winner "look I
         | paid ya"...
        
           | polygamous_bat wrote:
           | From a "trader" perspective, the best policy if you are
           | bribing is bribing any current AND future candidates,
           | discounted by some factor for probability of being in power
           | at some point in the future, and discounted by the time value
           | of money (so people currently in power gets more.) That's
           | probably the type of amoral, risk reward based thinking that
           | goes through someone like SBF's head.
           | 
           | Source: was a quant at some hedge fund in a past life.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rglover wrote:
         | Yes, who's now ex-CEO's mother conveniently runs a Democrat-
         | focused PAC out of Silicon Valley [1].
         | 
         | The whole thing (FTX) appears to have been a front to funnel
         | customer deposits to politicians--and if I had to guess based
         | on the scale/amount of money, other corrupt individuals--and
         | weaken the image of a legitimate cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, to
         | bolster a push for regulation.
         | 
         | How do I reason that? The mom coincidence combined with the
         | sheer speed at which the government pounced on the opportunity
         | to suggest regulations [2] as _rumors_ circulated about the FTX
         | collapse the past few days. They jumped the gun and should have
         | waited for this bankruptcy announcement.
         | 
         | Echoing Snowden: just a den of "opportunistic serpents."
         | 
         | [1] https://www.influencewatch.org/person/barbara-fried/
         | 
         | [2] https://twitter.com/Snowden/status/1590787096863989760
        
           | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
           | I think it's really amazing that she started a PAC and 13
           | days later her son became one of the largest political donors
           | to the Democrats. What great timing for her.
        
             | rglover wrote:
             | https://www.reactiongifs.com/r/mgc.gif
        
       | rapht wrote:
       | I know little by way of the crypto world, but I have to say that
       | calling platforms like FTX, Binance, and others " _exchanges_ "
       | strikes me as very much misleading.
       | 
       | In traditional finance, the "exchange", as in "the New York Stock
       | Exchange", only facilitates the calculation of market prices for
       | a range of assets and the matching between sellers and buyers.
       | Exchanges don't even manipulate money - that's left to other,
       | highly regulated, professions, such as brokers.
       | 
       | Brokers hold your assets and sometimes lend you money, but are
       | very restricted with what they can do with it unless they qualify
       | as banks, which requires complying with an array of complex
       | capital requirements.
       | 
       | So really, I don't understand: how are those entities not
       | offering "investment services" and so not under SEC supervision?
        
       | fossuser wrote:
       | The best write up for what's going on is Matt Levine's Money
       | Stuff column in Bloomberg (imo).
       | 
       | You can sign up to get the newsletter for free, but it's
       | sometimes paywalled on the site (it's a great newsletter for
       | finance anyway).
       | 
       | The most recent:
       | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-11-10/ftx-is...
        
       | mherdeg wrote:
       | I don't know if this bothers anyone else, but it always makes me
       | a little grumpy when the press reports on a legal case and
       | doesn't include a docket number so I can look up the records
       | myself in PACER.
       | 
       | In this case it looks like the court is the District of Delaware
       | Bankruptcy Court and there are 29 docket numbers, representing 29
       | different(?) chapter 11 bankruptcy filings by the same attorney
       | on behalf of 29 differently named entities.
       | 
       | The docket numbers are 22-11066-JTD (JTD because it's assigned to
       | Judge John T Dorsey??), 22-11067, ... 22-11094.
       | 
       | The entity names are respectively Alameda Research LLC; Alameda
       | Research Ltd; FTX Trading Ltd.; Alameda Research Holdings Inc.;
       | Clifton Bay Investments LLC; West Realm Shires Services Inc.;
       | West Realm Shires Financial Services Inc.; Ledger Holdings Inc.;
       | FTX Japan Holdings K.K.; FTX Europe AG; FTX Property Holdings
       | Ltd; LT Baskets Ltd.; Alameda TR Ltd; Allston Way Ltd; Analisya
       | Pte Ltd; Atlantis Technology Ltd.; Bancroft Way Ltd; Blue Ridge
       | Ltd; Cardinal Ventures Ltd; Cedar Bay Ltd; Liquid Securities
       | Singapore Pte Ltd; Maclaurin Investments Ltd.; Mangrove Cay Ltd;
       | Paper Bird Inc; Pioneer Street Inc.; Quoine India Pte Ltd; Quoine
       | Vietnam Co. Ltd; SNG INVESTMENTS YATIRIM VE DANISMANLIK ANONIM
       | SIRK; Strategy Ark Collective Ltd.
       | 
       | This seems awfully confusing. Are the press really supposed to
       | follow all 29 of these docket entries for new filings, or what?
        
         | spuz wrote:
         | I'd also like to know why the press don't cite their sources or
         | provide references numbers for readers to do further research.
         | It feels like some lesson that must be taught in journalism
         | school so as to ensure some kind of "oracle" status of the
         | press with respect to its readers.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | thiscatis wrote:
       | Too bad Jonah Hill will be too old once the movie comes out about
       | this whole saga. He would have aced it as SBF.
        
         | aniforprez wrote:
         | They made the Theranos series within a year of the trial and
         | she still hasn't been sentenced yet. I think Jonah Hill could
         | still get the part though for some reason I'm thinking Michael
         | Cera?
        
           | chrismarlow9 wrote:
           | I'm leaning towards gaten matarazzo and Netflix series
        
         | tptacek wrote:
         | What about this story seems cinematic to you? This is a Ponzi
         | scheme participant who didn't even deny being a Ponzi scheme
         | participant in interviews.
        
           | Imnimo wrote:
           | It's like that scene in The Big Short: "I don't get it, why
           | are they confessing?" "They're not confessing - they're
           | bragging".
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | Right. But (1) The Big Short was not a very good movie, and
             | (2) it was about the collapse of the entire housing market.
             | This is about the collapse of an abstract metaPonzi scheme.
        
               | camjohnson26 wrote:
               | The Big Short and Boiler room are incredible movies. The
               | only real competition is Wolf of Wall Street, which goes
               | too deep into the debauched party lifestyle at the
               | expense of the more interesting financial story, and
               | Margin Call which has the opposite problem since it's
               | completely inaccessible to most people.
        
               | amanaplanacanal wrote:
               | I quite liked Margin Call.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | bitcharmer wrote:
               | It's an amazing movie and for a good reason. It explains
               | the complexities involved in the 2008 market crash using
               | simple and humorous analogies making the problem
               | comprehensible.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | It's good on simple and humorous analogies and bad on
               | explanation (and plotting).
        
           | saurik wrote:
           | I think the connections with the Effective Altruism community
           | would make for a really amazing think-piece on conflicting
           | ethics, circuitous reasoning, and moral rationalization.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | I don't understand it. I haven't ever done a deep dive on
             | EA, but at first blush it seems like such a benign, banal
             | idea: direct charity money effectively and pragmatically.
             | Sure! How does it end up so weird and broken?
        
           | thiscatis wrote:
           | Sequoia already deleted the fluff piece they put out about
           | SBF so they're clearly embarrassed / afraid of legal fall
           | out. And sequoia being embarrassed doesn't seem interesting
           | to you? And this is just one of the VCs putting crazy money
           | into a scam. This plus the Bahamas coed dorm and the
           | political ties is already enough for a 2 season Netflix
           | series.
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | No, in fact, I do not think Sequoia disavowing an
             | investment is especially cinematic.
        
           | aloner wrote:
           | Boiler Room is a movie, you can make an interesting movie
           | about anything
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | Do you need to see it twice, and the second time without
             | Vin Diesel? It wasn't that good of a movie to begin with.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | esotericimpl wrote:
        
       | rinze wrote:
       | One more down, a few still to go.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | synu wrote:
       | Only resigns? You would think he was headed to jail.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | shorthistory wrote:
       | Where is Sam Bankman-Fried?
       | 
       | Is any group tracking his location, or is he going to disappear
       | like many that have come before him.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | shp0ngle wrote:
       | Larry David was right all along.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
         | They can just write it off?
        
       | bhouston wrote:
       | What of the rumour that Bahamians are allowed to access their
       | funds for legal reasons while everyone else can not? Most of the
       | FTX employees including SBF are based in Bahama? Isn't this just
       | insiders cashing out before creditors/users?
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/JasonYanowitz/status/1590800210200256513
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/StackerSatoshi/status/159097223797656780...
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/statelayer/status/1590939767205920769
       | 
       | And then there are these NFT shenanigans:
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/cobie/status/1590974648552148992
        
         | Kukumber wrote:
         | FTX is registered in the Bahamas, but the employees are not
         | Bahamians, they are all from the US with a VISA for residence
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | FTX has plenty of non-american employees. I know a decent
           | number of their developers are south american.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rippercushions wrote:
         | There are 130 (!) companies in the FTX group, across a whole
         | slew of jurisdictions:
         | 
         | https://i.redd.it/078p4g7m6cz91.jpg
         | 
         | The Chapter 11 filing is for the ones in the US, working out
         | what this means for the rest is going to keep a whole lot of
         | lawyers very busy for years.
        
           | khuey wrote:
           | The Chapter 11 filing is for pretty much the entire group
           | including ex-US companies.
        
             | adam_arthur wrote:
             | FTX US is also part of the filing, per SBF's tweet
             | 
             | 1) Hi all:
             | 
             | Today, I filed FTX, FTX US, and Alameda for voluntary
             | Chapter 11 proceedings in the US.
             | 
             | https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1591089317300293636?s=20
             | &...
        
           | koolba wrote:
           | The sheer number of affiliated companies is not unusual in
           | regulated industries as each tends to be a special purpose
           | vehicle to segregate the associated assets and liabilities.
        
       | shapefrog wrote:
       | Just 20 hours ago - it was all bad but still fine and plenty of
       | money and lots of interested parties...
       | 
       | Oh and it is all the fault of the Devs
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1590774827467812865
       | 
       | If you stick your company name in your twitter handle - does that
       | mean the company owns the twitter account too???
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | >does that mean the company owns the twitter account too???
         | 
         | At this point I think there are a lot of people who operate as
         | if they and the company are fundamentally joined / the same
         | thing.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Including the new owner of Twitter
        
             | wand3r wrote:
             | I am disappointed I cant go anywhere without seeing
             | something positive or megative about Elon. This is the new
             | TDS and its annoying. This has nothing to do with Twittter.
             | 
             | What next?
             | 
             | A bird watching website? Twitter logo is a bird. That
             | reminds me, I hate Elon!
        
               | mint2 wrote:
               | If it's any better maybe people could start calling him
               | Howard Hughes 2.O.
        
               | gburdell3 wrote:
               | It's almost as if he's doing things that have real
               | consequences for the world we live in!
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | Two years ago, when Twitter was banning right wing
               | politicians (and left wing ones too), it was a private
               | company that can do whatever it wants.
               | 
               | Suddenly in the past two years, it has magically
               | transformed into a national security risk with global
               | consequences.
               | 
               | Which is it? if the former, then they should be able to
               | do what they want, including ban whom they want. If the
               | latter, it needs to be regulated and certain rights ought
               | to be enumerated for its users.
        
               | misiti3780 wrote:
               | HN seems to be full of Tesla driving Elon haters ....
        
               | duxup wrote:
               | I don't know that anyone likes how moderation is ever
               | done. If you try I bet you struggle to find folks who
               | have ever liked twitter / the ecosystem for very long ...
               | ever.
               | 
               | But the law here hasn't changed in any way...
        
       | swarnie wrote:
       | Heading over to r/CryptoCurrency/ to see if they sticky the
       | suicide prevention hotline again.
       | 
       | That's when you know shits getting real.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | whyenot wrote:
         | r/bitcoin did that in one of the early downturns, and with good
         | reason: at least one person on r/bitcoinmarkets did take their
         | own life, and several more in the cryoto subreddits talked
         | about it.
        
           | swarnie wrote:
           | just looking for data points in a storm.
        
         | viro wrote:
         | I feel really bad about laughing at this.
        
       | yourMaster_666 wrote:
       | you cannot make up this shit
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/wallstreetbets/comments/ys4lmo/she_...
       | 
       | gold
        
         | adamsmith143 wrote:
         | "We don't really use math"
         | 
         | Guess their entire trading strategy was hurr durr the coins go
         | up. Completely unsurprising they lost their asses when _gasp_
         | the coins stopped going up.
        
           | notinfuriated wrote:
           | She was referring to the type of math that she did to earn a
           | math degree, which I suppose could be true. My math degree
           | did not require any of the kind of math I assume they do at
           | these kinds of exchanges, although I also assume that the
           | whole branch of math that starts getting into modeling and
           | analysis would be very useful in these sorts of companies.
        
             | adamsmith143 wrote:
             | Didn't she literally say they use elementary school math
             | right after that?
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | I think it was specifically about her CEO job. There
               | might be other people who worked there who did technical
               | stuff.
               | 
               | The comfort with risk part seems worse in hindsight.
               | Obviously somewhat less comfort with risk would have been
               | better.
        
             | MrMan wrote:
             | its actuarial science which is basically stats
        
         | shp0ngle wrote:
         | Eh this video doesn't really say too much
        
         | feelandcoffee wrote:
         | For a moment I tough was a parody of that meme of kids
         | discussing "Is Fortnite Actually Overrated?"
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | queuebert wrote:
         | Hollywood is dying because reality is so much more
         | entertaining.
        
         | lm28469 wrote:
         | Even south park can't keep up with how dumb the system we built
         | evolved to be
        
         | AustinDev wrote:
         | Wow... I thought this was satire. (when talking about trading)
         | 'We don't tend to have stop losses, we don't see those as very
         | good risk management tools' No wonder they're bankrupt...
         | 
         | SBF loaned her company 10 billion to trade without basic risk
         | management for trading.
        
           | vgatherps wrote:
           | She's not wrong, stop losses are pretty pointless if you're
           | running a high volume market maker that is _in theory_
           | constantly doing tons of volume and reacting to updates.
           | 
           | They're also super dangerous if you have gigantic positions
           | 
           | Anyways they wouldn't save you from collateralizing your
           | loans with shitcoins, taking leveraged bets with money that
           | isn't yours, having super high exposure to UST and/or Luna,
           | exposed to hackable defi products. Harder things that "having
           | a good sense for risk" usually entails thinking about.
           | 
           | The real red flags are claiming she doesn't use math and that
           | she's never lost a lot of money on a trade despite doing
           | largely human informed trading for size...
        
             | AustinDev wrote:
             | Fair enough. I'm not familiar with that kind of trading I'm
             | only familiar with basic day trading such as momentum and
             | swing trading which stops have been very helpful for me
             | personally. I imagine when you're making a market and are
             | moving massive volume the rules are different and as you
             | mentioned would require a lot of math like maybe trying to
             | be delta neutral.
        
               | vgatherps wrote:
               | For a bit more color, as stop makes sense for you since
               | you're not there 24/7 making decisions.
               | 
               | But if you are, there's no reason to just auto trade a
               | position away. The decision of "what to do when price
               | hits X" is a function of many things instead of price,
               | and you're better off dynamically deciding.
               | 
               | Consider that you could already implement a stop as a
               | 24/7 trading firm anyways
        
             | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
             | >The real red flags are claiming she doesn't use math and
             | that she's never lost a lot of money on a trade despite
             | doing largely human informed trading for size...
             | 
             | For the peak crypto years it was almost impossible to lose
             | money AS AN EXCHANGE. These clowns really thought they were
             | on fire, and not just in position that random moves could
             | be winning strategies.
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | > For the peak crypto years it was almost impossible to
               | lose money AS AN EXCHANGE.
               | 
               | She wasn't running an exchange. You're confusing Alameda,
               | the trading outfit, with FTX, the exchange. She was the
               | CEO of Alameda. She was not the CEO of FTX.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | My bad. But, just as bad.
               | 
               | It was really tough to lose money, which we all knew was
               | unsustainable.
        
             | MrMan wrote:
             | top comment thanks
        
           | nullc wrote:
           | Prices are not continuous. Stop loss orders are suicide
           | pacts, especially in illiquid markets. They have little to no
           | role in a coherent risk management strategy.
           | 
           | They're primarily marketed to unsophisticated retail traders
           | as providing protection that they can't provide-- something
           | equivalent to a free put.
           | 
           | In fact, some time back their firm was sued for IIRC
           | essentially manipulating markets to trigger traders stop loss
           | orders in order to swallow up trades at unreasonable prices.
           | 
           | Tiny traders in the largest of markets can potentially get
           | away with using stop losses and not get burned too badly too
           | often, but none of the cryptocurrency markets really qualify
           | as that.
        
         | gjsman-1000 wrote:
         | It's funny. Banks are widely perceived as corrupt; and lo and
         | behold, the alternative systems to replace banking have been
         | dragged by their heels through Banking 101.
         | 
         | Edit: Also funny, was the unrelated Matt Damon TV ads about how
         | "Fortune Favors the Brave." Obviously it comes from Caesar, but
         | it was also used in Charles Dickens's _Little Dorrit_ by a
         | character encouraging what later turned out a Ponzi scheme...
        
           | MangoCoffee wrote:
           | bank have FDIC to back their customers money and strict
           | regulations.
           | 
           | i still can't get over the fact that FTX CEO is taking his
           | customers money to fund his gambling firm.
        
           | zenkat wrote:
           | Projection. It's always projection.
        
           | throwawaysleep wrote:
           | Too often banks are perceived as corrupt due to risk
           | management practices, like not giving mortgages to poor
           | people who go on about how their rent is more than their
           | mortgage.
        
             | bannedbybros wrote:
        
           | ansible wrote:
           | I don't think they've even completed the Banking 101 class
           | yet.
        
           | doorman2 wrote:
           | FTX being corrupt doesn't automatically mean banks are not
           | corrupt. Just 14 years ago, the actions of banks brought most
           | of the world to the precipice of financial collapse. FTX and
           | Alameda depositors will lose their money. During the GFC,
           | almost everyone lost their money.
        
             | jjulius wrote:
             | >FTX being corrupt doesn't automatically mean banks are not
             | corrupt.
             | 
             | That's not what OP said. OP highlighted the fact that _a
             | lot_ of the crypto space lambasts the traditional banking
             | system as being wholly corrupt, despite _a lot_ of the
             | crypto space itself being equally corrupted in the same
             | ways.
             | 
             | Edit: "People who live in glass houses shouldn't throw
             | stones", basically.
        
           | woah wrote:
           | FTX WAS a corrupt bank/betting parlor. Cryptocurrency is
           | about self custody and full transparency. This is what
           | blockchains allow. FTX was people depositing money in SBF's
           | personal piggy bank. FTX has nothing to do with crypto, other
           | than the fact that it allowed people to bet on crypto prices.
        
             | systemicdanna wrote:
             | A crypto exchange had nothing to do with crypto?
        
           | xtian wrote:
           | If they weren't corrupt then Glass-Steagall would have been
           | no problem.
        
       | throwaway0asd wrote:
       | Where were the adults in any of this and why would people throw
       | billions of dollars at unqualified children?
        
         | memish wrote:
         | Like Elizabeth Holmes, they are kids of the elite who are well
         | connected and supported at high levels. Further, SBF is one of
         | the biggest political donors and there may be corruption in the
         | SEC. The general counsel of FTX US had served as lead counsel
         | to Chairman Gensler at the CFTC.
         | 
         | And then there's this from a congressman yesterday,
         | "@GaryGensler runs to the media while reports to my office
         | allege he was helping SBF and FTX work on legal loopholes to
         | obtain a regulatory monopoly. We're looking into this."
         | https://twitter.com/RepTomEmmer/status/1590717374801809409
        
           | hotpotamus wrote:
           | I'm skeptical that a Republican would support actual
           | regulation on anything related to finance.
        
             | rossdavidh wrote:
             | Perhaps, but I think many (Dems and Reps) will recognize a
             | sinking ship when they see one. Tighter regulation on
             | cryptocurrencies (and related businesses) was starting to
             | arrive, regardless. There is little incentive to try to
             | slow this down, if the people being regulated don't have
             | any money left to donate to your campaign.
        
             | solardev wrote:
             | He probably means "looking into how I can get in on it"
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | Good point. That must mean democrats can do no wrong. /s
             | 
             | This sort of non sequitur is dangerous to democracy.
        
               | jker wrote:
               | Indeed, the deregulation that led to the 2008 financial
               | crisis was a thoroughly bipartisan effort, one that began
               | in the Clinton Administration. This is why Brooksley Born
               | is a hero for our times, and Larry Summers, a villain.
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooksley_Born
        
               | hotpotamus wrote:
               | You might notice that I didn't say that. But I am
               | skeptical that the party that has branded itself as the
               | anti-regulation party for my entire life is really going
               | to embrace regulation all of a sudden in response to the
               | malfeasance of someone they perceive as being a political
               | enemy.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | > embrace regulation all of a sudden in response to the
               | malfeasance of someone they perceive as being a political
               | enemy.
               | 
               | Given the GOP's willingness to strong-arm twitter and
               | facebook (remember Trump tried to have it investigated by
               | the DoJ), I feel like regulating companies due to being a
               | political enemy is _exactly_ what I 'd expect the GOP to
               | do. Perhaps it's the one time you can be sure they'll
               | start regulating.
               | 
               | From my perspective, the democratic party is constantly
               | talking about how bad Citizens United is (and I am very
               | sympathetic to that) while taking millions upon millions
               | from large companies and wealthy individuals.
        
               | hotpotamus wrote:
               | That sounds like more of a weak-arm if they couldn't even
               | muster an investigation, much less consequences. I
               | remember thinking at the time when the Senate called
               | Zuckerberg up to yell at him that if I were Zuck, I would
               | have just said, "thanks for the tax cut, dudes".
               | 
               | And criticizing the system you find yourself in as a
               | result of Citizens United doesn't mean you are not still
               | stuck in that system.
               | 
               | So certainly I welcome politicians of any persuasion who
               | would like to regulate these issues, but as I said, I'm
               | skeptical of the actual intentions.
        
         | SantalBlush wrote:
         | >why would people throw billions of dollars at unqualified
         | children?
         | 
         | Because investors had too much cash and became increasingly
         | desperate to earn a return on it. When they have an abundance
         | of cash, they become wreckless and wasteful with their
         | investing as they chase profits.
        
         | nathanaldensr wrote:
         | The people of the world have gone _that_ insane.
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | The people of the world were always this way, and the same
           | thing happened in normal banking until it was regulated.
        
         | Machado117 wrote:
         | Adults were throwing their life savings at it
        
         | rinze wrote:
         | It's unregulated and decentralized, and banks are not your
         | friends. To be honest, they're not, but that doesn't make any
         | of this Ponzi 2.0 economy great.
        
         | bannedbybros wrote:
        
         | fossuser wrote:
         | He worked at Jane Street prior to starting his own company
         | which was built on a successful arbitrage. Whatever his issues
         | - qualification isn't one of them.
         | 
         | I'm not defending this catastrophe (which seems like it was
         | partly an execution by a rival), but this kind of comment is
         | just bizarre on hacker news in the world of tech companies and
         | startups. Age is not a good proxy for competence.
        
           | boshalfoshal wrote:
           | Don't know why you are getting downvoted. Yes, I believe that
           | using customer funds to punt shitcoins at a supposed "quant
           | market making firm" is really dumb, but people here really
           | think the people in this operation are random idiots/got
           | there via underhanded means. I think they just believed that
           | the gravy train would last longer than they thought.
           | 
           | Several Alameda employees worked at JS, which is by far one
           | of the most successful quant firms out there and they only
           | hire the best. He also exploited a very creative arbitrage to
           | start the firm, which is also not a fluke.
           | 
           | Then again, I would expect no less since the people on here
           | constantly complain about leetcode interviews and "not
           | wanting to interview for big tech for XYZ random reasons"
           | when I know damn well they couldn't pass even if you gave
           | them the answer.
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | The median HN user isn't that bright and this topic in
             | particular is one where the noise is such that the comments
             | here are atypically bad.
             | 
             | The outliers are great and make this site worth it, but on
             | some topics (of which crypto is one) they're hard to find.
        
               | throwaway0asd wrote:
               | There are valid reasons why discussions of crypto turn
               | out so very bad:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33117833
        
               | fossuser wrote:
               | These aren't valid reasons - I don't want to get into a
               | flame war though.
               | 
               | - Blockchain's main innovation is solving the double
               | spend problem in a decentralized way.
               | 
               | - This means that self-custody is a new capability.
               | 
               | - Self-custody without a centralized authority is a big
               | deal and can empower users (especially those in hostile
               | countries or places with bad currencies).
               | 
               | - There's an extension of this with smart contracts and
               | ethereum that allow for programmatic uses which can
               | extend to completely transparent decentralized finance.
               | 
               | - zk-SNARKs allow for privacy to exist within the above
               | systems.
               | 
               | That people don't self-custody because they don't
               | understand how it works (and terrible UX) is a real
               | problem and why most people should not be using
               | cryptocurrency. They can still get screwed by regular
               | collapses of fiat currency (and they do often), but they
               | won't be helped by increasing their risk with something
               | they don't understand.
               | 
               | The centralized exchange failures are independent of this
               | and arguably a symptom of how centralized finance can
               | cause problems because people don't self-custody funds.
               | Your reasons dismiss the new capabilities they provide
               | (self-custody, protection from government debasement of
               | value, global use) and are an example of the type of HN
               | response I'm talking about.
        
               | throwaway0asd wrote:
               | That isn't really a solution. The confusion is the
               | inability for most people to discern the words
               | _decentralized_ and _distributed_ , which is the primary
               | fraud of crypto. Centralized finance already has
               | distribution in place just for security and continuity of
               | business, so blockchain doesn't really provide anything
               | new there.
               | 
               | The only enticing quality of blockchain to finance is
               | just elimination of transaction fees on a more open
               | ledger.
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33153535
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | This is the result the "crypto community" asked for. They may
         | not have wanted it, but they asked for it. A combination
         | casino/money laundry/ponzi breeding ground also comes with
         | intelligent crooks who are capable of running longer games.
         | 
         | You want recourse? That means oversight, audits and regulation.
        
         | PheonixPharts wrote:
         | Because most of the adults know that there is a window when you
         | can get rich off a known con and get out before it blows up
         | with quite a lot of cash.
         | 
         | The best part of these being unqualified children is that they
         | don't even realize that part of the deal they've signed up for
         | is to take the fall when shit finally hits the fan.
         | 
         | There's plenty of people who have made money from SBF behind
         | the scenes, but you'll never hear their names.
        
           | tartoran wrote:
           | This couldn't be further from the truth. SBF had enablers who
           | knew what this was from the beginning but kept mum about it.
           | They actually helped hype it up then exit with profits.
        
           | digianarchist wrote:
           | Really? I'm only reading about VCs [0] and big institutional
           | investors [1] losing money.
           | 
           | [0] - https://techcrunch.com/2022/11/10/daily-crunch-sequoia-
           | capit...
           | 
           | [1] - https://www.otpp.com/en-ca/about-us/news-and-
           | insights/2022/o...
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | This (now removed) Sequoia profile on SBF and FTX is all that
         | you need to know about why things went down the way they did -
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20221027181005/https://www.sequo...
        
       | glofish wrote:
       | It feels like it was just yesterday when the CEO declared on
       | Twitter that all the problems are localized at international
       | FTX.com and that funds at FTX.us are 100% safe!
       | 
       | Oh wait, it was yesterday.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | jefftk wrote:
       | More discussion in https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33561041
        
       | shorthistory wrote:
       | Can anyone speculate what Bankman-Fried's exit plan was?
       | 
       | Was this a fraud that got out of control, or premeditated? If it
       | was premeditated, what was the exit plan?
       | 
       | Did he expect to be able to gamble with customer funds
       | indefinitely?
       | 
       | Were the Effective Altruism intimations genuine?
       | 
       | Why, if Alameda was a market maker, and they therefore presumably
       | have some form of insight into the markets, did they then decide
       | to take a huge directional bet on Crypto [source?]? This is
       | contrary to market making principles.
       | 
       | What was the purpose of encouraging employees to invest? Was it
       | to buy their silence/cooperation ('you have to stay employed and
       | invested if you ever want your money back') if they found out
       | about the fraud, or did Bankman-Fried genuinely believe it was to
       | their benefit?
       | 
       | Why were there so many puff pieces in the media, without any
       | journalist questioning the narrative?
        
         | Lonestar1440 wrote:
         | They expected the gambles to pay off, and faster than customers
         | started withdrawing en masse. Reminds me a lot of AIG's sketchy
         | Securities Lending back before 2008.
        
         | wombat-man wrote:
         | I think he probably thought the value of the coins would keep
         | rising. Hell everyone who bought in at sky high prices thought
         | that.
        
           | shorthistory wrote:
           | But how, if you had spent time being a market maker, that is
           | to say you understand market neutral strategies, would you
           | convince yourself to take this bet? It seems contrary to his
           | presumed understanding of the markets.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | People who understand that betting on red over and over
             | again isn't a long-term winning strategy usually don't make
             | the news for fraudulently pissing away 8 billion dollars of
             | customer funds.
             | 
             | It's survivorship bias.
        
             | polygamous_bat wrote:
             | My personal hypothesis is that people keep attributing the
             | successes of SBF to his intellect rather than a mix of
             | intellect and luck, like the rest of us mere mortal. That
             | list could as well include SBF himself. One can be lucky
             | often but not forever, and sooner or later the "prodigies"
             | see the fault in their impeccable algorithms.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Every serial gambler in the world thinks that they are just
         | temporarily in the red and one big break away from winning big.
         | They just need to invest a _little bit_ more.
        
           | xisthesqrtof9 wrote:
           | This is literally the plot of Uncut Gems.
        
           | jdhzzz wrote:
           | Gotta double up to catch up.
        
         | dottrap wrote:
         | The critics who follow this space rather closely seem to
         | suspect that Alameda was especially exposed and damaged by the
         | Luna collapse. This should have been Alameda's end, but because
         | FTX can create FTT tokens out of thin air and it is so easy to
         | manipulate the price, it can create the illusion of solvency
         | ("flywheel").
         | 
         | Presumably, SBF was hoping that the crypto winter would end
         | soon, which would bring everything else massively profitable
         | for them again, and then plug the holes he had.
        
         | vishnugupta wrote:
         | There's this incredulous passage from Sequoia article that's
         | been taken down since. Make of it what you will
         | 
         | At this point, mid-2019, SBF decided to double down again--and
         | scratch his own itch. He would bet Alameda's multimillion-
         | dollar trading profits on a new venture: a trading exchange
         | called FTX. It would combine Coinbase's stolid, regulation-
         | loving approach with the kinds of derivatives being offered by
         | Binance and others. He only gave himself a 20 percent chance of
         | success, but, in his mind, SBF needed extreme risk to maximize
         | the expected value of his lifetime earnings--and, therefore,
         | the good his earn-to-give strategy could do. The fact that he
         | was, by his own lights, overwhelmingly likely to fail was
         | beside the point.
         | 
         | The point was this: When SBF multiplied out the billions of
         | dollars a year a successful crypto-trading exchange could throw
         | off by his self-assessed 20 percent chance of successfully
         | building one, the number was still huge. That's the expected
         | value. And if you live your life according to the same
         | principles by which you'd trade an asset, there's only one way
         | forward: You calculate the expected values, then aim for the
         | largest one--because, in one (but just one) alternate future
         | universe, everything works out fabulously. To maximize your
         | expected value, you must aim for it and then march blindly
         | forth, acting as if the fabulously lucky SBF of the future can
         | reach into the other, parallel, universes and compensate the
         | failson SBFs for their losses. It sounds crazy, or perhaps even
         | selfish--but it's not. It's math. It follows from the principle
         | of risk-neutrality.
        
           | streb-lo wrote:
           | I this is exactly it. When you let utilitarianism run your
           | life, you try and maximize your ability to do good, even if
           | you have to bend a few rules on the way.
           | 
           | But outcomes aren't certain and high EV plays can still carry
           | a substantial amount of risk, which is exactly why we have
           | finance regulations.
        
           | fwip wrote:
           | Sounds like he forgot about the principle of diminishing
           | returns.
           | 
           | If you have $1B to your name, it's stupid to put it all on
           | red, even if your expected return is positive.
        
             | JohnPrine wrote:
             | Diminishing returns don't apply for SBF - his life's goal
             | is to fund effective altruist charities, so each billion is
             | as valuable as the last as long as there are good projects
             | to fund.
             | 
             | I don't think people are comprehending how tragic this
             | whole situation is (acknowledging that it's SBF's fault).
             | This collapse put the brakes on a powerful force for good,
             | and lives that would have been saved won't anymore.
        
               | coffeebeqn wrote:
               | It's only "good" if you believe the ends justify any
               | means. What about FTX customers? People aren't pawns you
               | can play with for your "greater cause"
        
               | boeingUH60 wrote:
               | No, Bankman-Fried is a scheming fraudster hiding under
               | the cloak of so-called "effective altruism". He'd have
               | done much better for the world if he didn't found a
               | crypto exchange promoting scams and being reckless enough
               | to trade with user deposits and losing it all.
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | > Diminishing returns don't apply for SBF - his life's
               | goal is to fund effective altruist charities, so each
               | billion is as valuable as the last as long as there are
               | good projects to fund.
               | 
               | Let's be honest: we don't know what his life goals are.
               | He _said_ that his goal is to fund charities, but that 's
               | a pretty common thing for wealthy people in the U.S. to
               | say because saying so gives you a lot of social status at
               | no cost. Very few people actually proceed with any plans
               | of significant charitable donations.
        
               | joosters wrote:
               | Well he failed miserably at that. If he had stuck with
               | his original supposed $1 billion, he could have given
               | almost all of it away and still lived a very comfortable
               | life. As it stands now, his charitable foundation has
               | pledged far less than $1 billion (at it remains to be
               | seen just how much it pledged actually gets paid out).
               | 
               | Perhaps if he had spent more time donating money (his
               | stated aim) rather than inventing convoluted financial
               | structures (FTX has over 100 related companies!), he
               | would have achieved more, and cost people a lot less.
        
           | hnews_account_1 wrote:
           | The super stupidity of using math to dazzle people around you
           | is my greatest lesson from this. In my highly technical
           | field, I can use math without treating it like some precious
           | scripture. But it's good to know it is so unfamiliar to a
           | normal person in the VC world, I can use it to justify even a
           | startup doing genocide as a platform or something.
        
             | mrguyorama wrote:
             | It's almost like people who don't actually know anything
             | about math, statistics, or probability shouldn't be
             | believed when they make poor arguments using the same.
             | 
             | Maybe there's a reason it takes 4 years of extremely tough
             | classes to understand the basics of "hard" math.
        
               | hnews_account_1 wrote:
               | It's not just that. But like if I made up bullshit like
               | "the emerging market populations are growing hard and
               | will strain earth's resources. Our startup needs to kill
               | them to save the planet, here's a log Utility function to
               | explain it", some VC out there is an idiot enough to give
               | me money. Maybe if I'm playing league of legends while
               | saying it, I'll get more cash than I even want to raise.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | Four years?
               | 
               | Most books, yt videos, jobs and academic press releases
               | tell me all it takes is `import tensorflow` or `git clone
               | github://lolcoin.git`
        
           | beambot wrote:
           | Quick detour: expected value alone does not optimally
           | maximize your long term outcome. Bet sizing (a la Kelly
           | Criterion) is just as critical.
           | 
           | E.g. if you had a weighted coin that was 50-50 odds with
           | 3-to-1 payout, you wouldn't bet your whole bankroll on just
           | one flip.
        
         | TacticalCoder wrote:
         | > Can anyone speculate what Bankman-Fried's exit plan was?
         | 
         | I can speculate based on recently revealed facts.
         | 
         | SBF did grease politicians to the tune of 40 million USD in
         | political donations. Several have described these donations as:
         | "bribes" (I'll let you judge). (as a sidenote I wonder if these
         | politicians are going to give these donations back to the
         | people SBF scammed).
         | 
         | A US congressman, as reported here several times, wrote: _"
         | GaryGensler runs to the media while reports to my office allege
         | he was helping SBF and FTX work on legal loopholes to obtain a
         | regulatory monopoly. We're looking into this"_.
         | 
         | It's "allegedly" but it's a _fact_ that a US congressman posted
         | that.
         | 
         | It's also established that a colleague of the SEC's Garry
         | Gensler happens to be the father of... Drumroll... The 28 years
         | old woman CEO of Alameda.
         | 
         | So I'll speculate a TL;DR:
         | 
         | SBF was working hand in hand with corrupt politicians and
         | corrupt officials to kick Binance out of the US through
         | regulatory capture in order to grab Binance's insane market
         | share (easily 10x the size of FTX).
         | 
         | SBF would then have continued the established FTX/Alameda scam
         | through FTT. So he'd have then used FTX to pump the price of
         | FTT (and, because why not, other manipulated shitcoins too) in
         | order to keep pretending traders at Alameda were geniuses.
         | 
         | Alameda would have been fully legit and would have take
         | shitloads of money from various pension funds and investment
         | funds (knowing he already got some: why not think he would have
         | gone for more?).
         | 
         | That's my speculation: why stop at 1/10th the size of Binance
         | when you can donate tens of millions to politicians (which is
         | pocket change when you're making billions) and work with the
         | SEC to get a monopoly on crypto exchanges in the US, all the
         | while pumping the value of your Alameda fund and all the while
         | having covers of magazines and people everywhere (Bloomberg,
         | Sequoia, JP Morgan, etc.) saying how big of a genius you are
         | and how geniuses all people around you are.
         | 
         | The guy is a megalomaniac: no longer than a few weeks ago he
         | was saying that companies worth tens of billions were
         | "potential acquisition targets".
         | 
         | And I think that, had the overall markets not have been
         | crashing hard, he may have succeeded at all that, creating a
         | scam 10x or 100x bigger than the one he actually ran.
         | 
         | But the market crashed and CZ took the opportunity to reveal
         | the FTT scam to get rid of a very dangerous competitor. No
         | matter if Binance is legit or not: SBF was after Binance but
         | Binance was too big for SBF too chew. Binance may be going down
         | too (no clue about that) but Binance was never going to go down
         | alone while letting SBF free to run his SEC-endorsed scam.
        
           | kranke155 wrote:
           | This is all very interesting. I am also starting to wonder
           | whether CZ had a good idea this would happen because maybe
           | Binance is structured similarly.
           | 
           | Basically - is Binance solvent? I don't know.
        
             | MacsHeadroom wrote:
             | Binance leads the industry in proof of 1:1 reserves of
             | custom holdings.
             | 
             | CZ knew about FTX's finances because he was the original
             | investor in FTX. The reason he had FTT to dump in the first
             | place is because of that initial investment in FTX.
        
         | fullshark wrote:
         | From his flirtations with politics and regulations: get too big
         | to fail.
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | My thoughts are that FTX was _maybe_ a legitimate business, but
         | then Alameda was his trading baby that just happened to be run
         | by kids, including himself, that have no idea what they 're
         | doing and was losing money left and right. Then using FTX
         | customer funds was viewed as just a "let's move these funds
         | over to get our trading back on track and when we do, we'll
         | move them back". That's my honest guess if I'm being generous
         | as to their intentions and thought process. Not saying it isn't
         | criminal though, because I think it is. It's also a complete
         | guess as an outsider to all this.
        
           | aqme28 wrote:
           | My impression is that Alameda was also a legitimate business
           | that also made a lot of money with a lot of leverage _for a
           | while_ , but eventually the tide turned or it had one bad
           | leveraged trade and poof.
        
           | Hippocrates wrote:
           | That's my guess too but the size of the hole (8bn+) makes it
           | hard to imagine it could all be lost in trading, either in a
           | big bang, or gradually for years.
        
             | nu11ptr wrote:
             | As I understand it, their primary "trade" was to buy and
             | hold FTT. Suddenly FTT's value went "poof" and the rest is
             | is history.
        
               | brianbreslin wrote:
               | I think that would only explain $4B or so, they said
               | their hole was $10B. Or do we think the FTT leverage
               | multiplied the exposure?
        
               | wj wrote:
               | I don't even understand why FTT existed?
               | 
               | I also don't understand why there are competing
               | cryptocurrencies? Without governments and borders,
               | shouldn't one standard currency be enough? (Technical
               | challenges aside)
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Why are there multiple racecar teams? If there is a
               | standard set of rules, why can't there be a standard car
               | that hits the maximum ideal speed around a track, and a
               | standard racer to do it? Or even just automate it?
        
               | barnbuilder wrote:
               | Some people think it's good to trade some of bitcoin's
               | security for extra features, or at least, think that
               | enough people will feel that way in the future to make
               | these tokens good investments today.
               | 
               | Those people look particularly silly on days like this.
        
               | nemothekid wrote:
               | >I also don't understand why there are competing
               | cryptocurrencies?
               | 
               | A lot of these "competing cryptocurrencies" are just
               | financial instruments, kind of like you could have stock
               | in a company, but you can also trade options and futures
               | of the same underlying stock.
        
               | baobabKoodaa wrote:
               | > A lot of these "competing cryptocurrencies" are just
               | financial instruments, kind of like you could have stock
               | in a company, but you can also trade options and futures
               | of the same underlying stock.
               | 
               | No they weren't. This comparison has no relation to
               | reality.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Crypto-currencies have no underlying. A crypto-currency
               | is like a bunch of imaginary confetti. Why is every
               | crypto organisation is issuing its own brand of confetti?
               | It's a legitimate question. It's exactly the same
               | confetti.
        
               | tartoran wrote:
               | It's not even real confetti, it's digital copies.
        
           | timmytokyo wrote:
           | Seeing these kids talk puts it even more into perspective.
           | Just watch this video of Caroline Ellison, CEO of Alameda.
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aW6SqLXw944
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | I made a comment on that video elsewhere. It's pretty clear
             | they were way out of their league in more ways than one.
             | 
             | They're the type of people that are too smart for their own
             | good where they can't even see how idiotic they're being.
             | Or maybe they're just spoiled. Or maybe they just think
             | they're smart. It's interesting to me that Jane Street
             | prides themselves on their hiring process, but they
             | apparently hire folks like this.
             | 
             | Other than people losing money, I am super glad these
             | reality checks are happening. But I wish they'd happen to
             | more as well, e.g., Musk and Trump.
        
               | shorthistory wrote:
               | I agree, it reflects VERY poorly on Jane Street.
               | 
               | They like to give the impression they hire Ultra Mega
               | Geniuses who have done the IMO (who cares if you did the
               | IMO at age 17...?)
        
             | pigtailgirl wrote:
             | -- having watched a series of in depth interviews with Do
             | Kwon - the interview with Sam Bankman-Fried on Odd Lots -
             | and now this - I wonder if these children had any mentors?
             | - where were the adults? --
        
           | georgeglue1 wrote:
           | My understanding is that Alameda was a market maker, which
           | should have less exposure to down / upswings.
           | 
           | What kind of bets was Alameda making? Why would it need so
           | much leverage?
           | 
           | I understand why loaning money to Alameda could be
           | rationalized a risky, but not sketchy move (if Alameda posted
           | collateral, paid reasonable terms like anyone else would,
           | etc.).
        
           | AYBABTME wrote:
           | I think they thought they were honest and doing things
           | properly, and didn't realize that their holding of FTT was
           | making them as bad as the other frauds before. I think these
           | ouroboros are complex enough that even main players don't
           | necessarily understand the position they've put themselves
           | in.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | If by 'they thought they were honest and doing things
             | properly' you think the same for Madoff, then oof.
             | 
             | Actions and results matter. Intentions can easily be
             | bullshit and delusion.
             | 
             | If someone is committing multi-billion dollar fraud, there
             | is a line that was crossed a LONG time ago.
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | I read him as saying _they_ thought they were doing
               | honest things.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I was referring to the same miscreants as the poster was.
               | 
               | It's only plausible to a certain point that they were
               | unknowingly bad actors. They'd have to willingly be
               | deluding themselves.
               | 
               | No one commits multi-billion dollar fraud _accidentally_.
               | 
               | They'd have to turn a blind eye to something any
               | reasonable person would consider a 'are we the baddies'
               | moment. Or two. Or dozens.
               | 
               | As to if it's documented? One can hope, but I'm not
               | holding my breath. I'm sure there have been many shredder
               | parties (or digital equivalents) happening in many places
               | since the news broke.
        
               | skinnymuch wrote:
               | Yeah and the point is no one sane would seriously say
               | Madoff thought he was being honest. They're making an
               | analogy between Madoff and SBF being similar/the same.
        
             | coffeebeqn wrote:
             | Let's not treat senior management and owners of a company
             | that has gambled away billions of dollars of customers (and
             | investors) money as kids. They should get jail time from
             | what I've read so far.
             | 
             | They were either criminally stupid or did this on purpose.
             | It really wasn't that complex. This isn't even close to
             | 2008 complexity since this was all happening within one
             | organization With the same owner SBF.
        
               | SantalBlush wrote:
               | "Never attribute to incompetence that which can be
               | adequately explained by greed."
        
               | HPMOR wrote:
               | "Never assume malice by that which could be explained by
               | incompetence."
               | 
               | As a caveat, however, SBF did work at Jane Street and
               | graduated Summa Cum Laude from MIT with a Physics degree,
               | so maybe this quote does not apply.
        
               | trollerator23 wrote:
               | Nitpick: There is no such thing as Summa Cum Laude at
               | MIT. Rankings and GPAs are not published, so he just
               | graduated with a physics degree, period.
        
               | SantalBlush wrote:
               | Right, which is exactly why I took that quote--which is
               | overused by HN crowd--and changed it to fit the context.
               | But you went and added it anyway.
               | 
               | I won't assume any malice on your part.
        
           | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
           | That sounds like some of the thinking that went into these
           | historic arbitrage disasters.
           | 
           | Some young kid thought he knew better than his elders, and
           | was doing arbitrage, which is moving around vast amounts of
           | money, for very small gains (but safe ones).
           | 
           | They had all this money at their disposal, and _just knew_
           | that these stuffy old farts were  "missing the boat," so they
           | figured that they'd just use a bit, to make a small bet, and
           | put it back...
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Leeson
        
         | jasmer wrote:
         | The part where he was lending out deposits to make big bets
         | looks very problematic, and hopefully illegal.
         | 
         | The CEO described how a feasible 'pyramid' could work with
         | Levine on Bloomberg and it looks like he was doing just that.
         | 
         | This is basically a smart kid breaking all the rules, doing
         | mostly what he was allowed to do legally with all of the
         | misrepresentation and hyper - plus a little bit of illegal
         | stuff which is all you need along with the massive leverage
         | that comes along with it.
         | 
         | But I would say aside from his shenanigans - this is a crypto
         | problem. At the base of the pyramid was an 'asset worth
         | nothing' well ... of of crypto is essentially that.
        
         | nullc wrote:
         | > Were the Effective Altruism intimations genuine?
         | 
         | SBF was just following the EA maxim: "take advantage of
         | strategies other people are biased against using"
        
         | johnp314 wrote:
         | "Can anyone speculate what Bankman-Fried's exit plan was?"
         | 
         | SBF contributed millions to democrat candidates in the recent
         | elections. Perhaps his exit plan was legislation to bail him
         | out.
        
           | mrguyorama wrote:
           | He didn't have an exit plan because, like every gambler, he
           | was sure his "system" was better than anything that came
           | before and couldn't possibly go tits up.
           | 
           | Like every gambler, he was wrong of course, and eventually
           | lost it all because gambling is stupid.
        
         | tedunangst wrote:
         | "Theranos just needed a little more time to get the tech
         | working."
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | systemicdanna wrote:
         | Regarding his exit plan: not sure if you will find a good
         | answer right now. One way to get some insight into this type of
         | mental game is to read about other major scammers who just
         | couldn't help themselves and got too deep to pull out. Bernie
         | Madoff comes to mind, and there are many books written about
         | him and his business.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | eddsh1994 wrote:
         | Re: EA, you can see the general consensus of what's happened in
         | a multitude of FTX posts here
         | https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/
         | 
         | My particular views are:
         | https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/EKN9Nn89ixriwSXpP/...
        
           | shorthistory wrote:
           | EA is a load of cabbage.
        
         | glofish wrote:
         | denial is a powerful drug,
         | 
         | you are surrounded by people celebrating your genius,
         | everything you touch turns to billions and billions
         | 
         | it is easy to see how someone gets disconnected from reality
         | and ends up living in the metaverse of their own genius
        
           | jacooper wrote:
           | And with Meta you can live your wildest illegal dreams
           | without risks!
           | 
           | See? The metaverse isn't useless after all.
        
             | shorthistory wrote:
             | That's an interesting take. Probably wouldn't happen
             | though, the argument being that illegal dreams taking place
             | in the metaverse would contagiously spread to the
             | unmetaverse.
        
         | nfw2 wrote:
         | I think it likely started with a small mistake, not necessarily
         | an innocent one but maybe one that was assumed to be low-risk.
         | And like in the Fargo movie/show, Sam just kept digging the
         | hole deeper trying to get out of it.
         | 
         | This explanation seems pretty plausible from a game theory
         | angle. The selfish cost of losing 1 billion dollars and losing
         | 10 billion dollars for fraud is the same. Either way he is
         | ruined and probably goes to prison, so he keeps gambling even
         | if the odds aren't in his favor, and problem grows
         | exponentially.
         | 
         | Altruism is a lot easier when it's not your neck on the line.
        
         | shaburn wrote:
         | 10 Billion dollar question: Who were the counter parties to
         | these trades where customer funds were "lost".
        
           | basch wrote:
           | They were the counterparty with themself?
           | 
           | They accept FTT as collateral, give out a leveraged loan to
           | the other company. The company spends that money on things
           | like stadium rights and bailing out other failed crypto
           | companies. Collateral falls to a value of 0, and the money is
           | spent.
        
           | oezi wrote:
           | The thing is that there was never any funds stored in these
           | accounts. If you store a bitcoin then there isn't any value
           | to it until you sell it.
           | 
           | The money that you spent to pay for the bitcoins exit the
           | system during the purchase. Most likely paying the Ferrari of
           | the seller.
        
             | PebblesRox wrote:
             | My understanding is that there were bitcoins (and other
             | crypto tokens) stored in the accounts that are not getting
             | returned, valuable or not.
        
           | cellis wrote:
           | It's called value destruction. The coins value dropped very
           | quickly, the counter parties then where either 1) Most likely
           | nobody, (as in nobody cashed out, as the myriad altcoins
           | approached the limit of worthless) and 2) traders on FTX who
           | cashed out other ,"more valuable" coins they were lent after
           | depositing altcoins as collateral.
        
         | fdgsdfogijq wrote:
         | They were caught off guard by the risk asset sell off. They
         | thought the bull run would go for longer
        
         | jacooper wrote:
         | I think he just though that he will never get caught, it was
         | working for a long time, why would it fail?
         | 
         | Also why are there no lawsuits yet? Since FTX clearly broke its
         | own T&S?
        
           | Animats wrote:
           | U.S. Department of Justice lawyers are already closing in.[1]
           | 
           | Using customer funds held in custody is theft. Period. People
           | go to jail for this.
           | 
           | This may be the biggest embezzlement of customer funds held
           | in custody in history. Most scams involve misuse of funds
           | invested, not just held in custody. The biggest outright
           | theft of this type seems to have been Peregrine Financial.[2]
           | That was $200 million, far smaller than this one.
           | 
           | What happened to the CEO of Peregrine? Here he is, 10 years
           | after conviction:                   Bureau of Prisons Inmate
           | Locator         RUSSELL R WASENDORF         Register Number:
           | 12191-029         Age:   74         Race:  White         Sex:
           | Male         Located at: Jesup FCI         Release Date:
           | 02/19/2054
           | 
           | [1] https://fortune.com/crypto/2022/11/10/ftx-sam-bankman-
           | fried-...
           | 
           | [2] https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/omaha/press-
           | releases/2013/...
        
             | nullc wrote:
             | > This may be the biggest embezzlement of customer funds
             | held in custody in history.
             | 
             | I wouldn't be surprised to learn that the amount of actual
             | customer funds that went in were much smaller than claimed.
             | 
             | Keep in mind FTX was mostly 'perpetuals' -- fake assets. It
             | might be that a lot of the customer funds were just
             | fictional gains, also may be that a lot of them were paper
             | value owned by SBF entities.
             | 
             | I've been trying to find anyone I personally know that had
             | FTX exposure and so far I'm coming up dry.
        
               | coffeebeqn wrote:
               | How about everyone with assets stuck in FTX that can't
               | withdraw them? When your accounting is fictional it might
               | be hard to pinpoint who's money went where but everyone
               | got screwed in the end
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | There's someone on Reddit who says they had their entire
               | net worth in USDC on FTX.[1]
               | 
               | At least they're at the head of the line in bankruptcy.
               | Custodial funds come ahead of debts.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.reddit.com/r/wallstreetbets/comments/yq6y
               | 5d/all_...
        
             | sillysaurusx wrote:
             | I just want to say, you have some of the most fantastic
             | coverage of events like this.
             | 
             | It feels like having an investigative journalist on
             | payroll. The delay between an Animats comment and this
             | showing up in the news is significant. Thank you!
             | 
             | (I remember your comments about the CEO that forged pay
             | stubs being similarly excellent. Someday it might be worth
             | collating them. In the meantime, whenever Animats says CEO
             | Foobar is going to prison, Foobar had better start mentally
             | preparing themselves for the journey.)
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | By the way, that Wasendorf story (Animats' second link)
               | is quite interesting. He skimmed $200M by forging bank
               | statements and was eventually caught only when the world
               | switched to electronic auditing. Previously he was able
               | to fool everyone by intercepting the snail mail: https://
               | www.forbes.com/sites/walterpavlo/2012/07/13/pfgbests...
        
               | Animats wrote:
               | It's just knowing some basic financial history. Crypto
               | scams are not new kinds of scams. They're mostly scams
               | from the 18th and 19th centuries, with a new paint job.
               | "Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of
               | Crowds" (1841), has the first time around for most of
               | these bad ideas. Mass market scams first got going when
               | newspapers appeared. At last, you could reach large
               | numbers suckers at low cost. Before newspapers, scamming
               | was a one-on-one in person thing.
               | 
               | We still have both mass-market and one-on-one scams, but
               | now they can both be done remotely. There's not much
               | originality. It's mostly the same old scams of a few
               | standard types, sometimes in new packaging.
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | I find all of it so fascinating. I wrote up Wasendorf's
               | story just now, mostly out of curiosity:
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33565992
               | 
               | Stories like that are really interesting to dig into.
               | They all seem to get caught because the world changes
               | (audits happening via internet in Wasendorf's case, the
               | economy imploding and sinking Alameda's risky
               | investments, etc) rather than from any particular
               | mistake. The mistake always seems to be that they started
               | cheating in the first place, and then it was just a
               | matter of time.
               | 
               | Of course, we only hear about the ones who were caught.
               | It makes you wonder how many stories like this were swept
               | under the rug -- if Alameda had made money instead of
               | losing it, FTX would probably still be online, even
               | though they'd still be committing the same large scale
               | fraud.
               | 
               | Anyway, thanks again for all this, and especially for all
               | the detail you put in. (Your comment pointing out that
               | SBF is firmly under the SEC's jurisdiction was
               | wonderful.)
        
               | shorthistory wrote:
               | I may have missed it-but where is the source/evidence
               | that some(all) this fraud is under SEC's jurisdiction?
        
               | neomantra wrote:
               | Any delay is related to the window size, MSS, and the
               | amount of un-ACKed data ;)
        
             | nemo44x wrote:
             | Yeah I think it's why SBF immediately went on about not
             | knowing everything that was going on, that he messed up by
             | misunderstanding things, etc. He's trying to lay the
             | groundwork for plausible deniability here.
             | 
             | He will either go to prison or kill himself I would bet.
        
           | shorthistory wrote:
           | I guess the lawsuits are being prepared by affected parties
           | as we speak.
        
       | Edmond wrote:
       | >Enron turnaround veteran John J. Ray III has been appointed as
       | the new CEO.
       | 
       | Sam is only 30 so obviously doesn't appreciate just how retro
       | this is... Enron & Crypto...as I live and breathe.
        
         | sn0w_crash wrote:
         | We live in the best timeline
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | That puts him around 9 or 10 at the time. And the unwinding
         | took a few years.
         | 
         | If he was high functioning and reading a daily newspaper, he'd
         | have heard a lot about it.
        
         | untouchable wrote:
         | And John Ray III has SEC charges of insider trading
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ForHackernews wrote:
       | Be your own due diligence process!
        
       | NelsonMinar wrote:
       | Is Bankman-Fried a flight risk the way Do Kwon has proven to be?
        
         | nfw2 wrote:
         | It seems a bad idea to me to fly to a country with sparse
         | protections after losing a bunch of sketchy people's money.
         | Prison > Murder
        
         | new2this wrote:
         | His company is already based in the Bahamas, how much further
         | could he fly?
        
           | sgt101 wrote:
           | Venezuela might be a good pick?
           | 
           | Or just disappear in Europe?
        
             | digianarchist wrote:
             | They just handed back a bunch of oil executives so I doubt
             | they'd be up for harbouring a fugitive.
        
           | AustinDev wrote:
           | He wouldn't be safe from US authorities in the Bahamas.
           | They'd happily turn him over. The US Navy leases a lot of
           | land on Andros for a Navy base that is a significant part of
           | their GDP iirc.
        
         | tluyben2 wrote:
         | Of course he is. He will be hammered with lawsuits etc. If he
         | didn't flee already.
        
       | PaulWaldman wrote:
       | Are there any potential repercussions for those with "perfect"
       | timing who bought low and sold high?
        
       | orangepurple wrote:
       | ARCHIVE EVERYTHING BEFORE IT IS MEMORY HOLED
        
       | nemo44x wrote:
       | This whole thing is just the .com crash all over again. Super
       | Bowl ad's the same year of the crash even.
       | 
       | I happened to be at a hotel earlier this year that was hosting a
       | crypto conference and the attendees looked like the kinds of
       | people a multi-level marketing scheme attracts. Very different
       | from a few years ago.
        
         | friend_and_foe wrote:
         | You must not have been following cryptocurrency for that long.
         | This sort of thing happens every 2-3 years. This isn't a wild,
         | unforseen crazy market calamity, this is your run of the mill
         | downturn, this ones mild so far actually. You're only hearing
         | more "bloodbath" talk because the news covers it nowadays, and
         | the news loves to exaggerate bad things and make them sound
         | worse because that's how they keep the lights on.
        
           | Philip-J-Fry wrote:
           | It seems like a fundamental flaw in their business model
           | rather than a market downturn.
           | 
           | This seems like a bigger deal to me because FTX is part of
           | then new wave of crypto companies that were supposed to be
           | legitimising crypto. And even they can't stay afloat. It's
           | just a matter of time before the next crypto giant falls.
        
             | friend_and_foe wrote:
             | Every time there's a bull market a hundred new operations
             | spring up. And some of them always present themselves
             | legitimately, and most of them always fail when the
             | downturn comes. This is a run of the mill downturn, it
             | happens every single time. A ton of "crypto giants" don't
             | survive the downturn, every single time.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | I've held BTC since 2011 so I think I get it. My point is the
           | industry around it collapsing. It's not just crypto crashing
           | but the industry built around it collapsing at scale. This
           | isn't Mt.Geox level - this is .com level.
        
             | friend_and_foe wrote:
             | But it's not collapsing at scale... not yet anyway. It's
             | just one exchange, a big one but just one going under. It's
             | scams and rug pulls predictably going under, same story as
             | the last cycle. The only difference is that the news is
             | covering it, it makes it seem like a bigger deal than it
             | is.
             | 
             | And you want them to go under. When the scams stop going
             | under is when you have a real problem, because that means
             | the entire industry is in fact a scam.
        
               | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
               | The path toward Binance and Tether's ultimate collapse is
               | not hard to see, which would almost guarantee the
               | collapse of the whole system.
        
               | friend_and_foe wrote:
               | Why would it collapse the whole system? These blockchains
               | run themselves, the ones worth a shit anyway. They were
               | here before these companies, there's nothing fundamental
               | that prevents them from being around after.
               | 
               | I am not really convinced of Tether having trouble
               | anymore. I've been hearing it for years. They seem to
               | have gotten lucky and cleaned up their act before
               | collapsing, every time they do an audit or anything the
               | last few years they show full collateral backing their
               | assets in circulation. With regard to binance, I couldn't
               | tell you one way or another, but they've survived more
               | than one cycle so they probably know what they're doing.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
           | The previous dips though haven't been this leveraged though.
           | Over the past couple years the amount of opaque and highly
           | leveraged instruments against crypto has ballooned. There's a
           | lot more on the line this time around imo.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > I happened to be at a hotel earlier this year that was
         | hosting a crypto conference and the attendees looked like the
         | kinds of people a multi-level marketing scheme attracts.
         | 
         | So people who are barely holding on to the bottom rungs of the
         | (American) middle class, and who are the traditional targets of
         | multi level marketing (and also religious) hucksters?
         | 
         | That doesn't bode well for the argument that the crypto
         | ecosystem isn't a set of scams, regardless of whatever the
         | merits of the underlying technology has.
        
       | alberth wrote:
       | Dumb question: so if you stored digital assets in a FTX wallet,
       | does that mean you just lost all of your $$$?
       | 
       | If so, wow'zer.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | I'm not familiar with that and if they have a wallet thats
         | different from their exchange app, but the litmus test is:
         | 
         | If you don't have access to your keys then you never owned your
         | digital assets
         | 
         | and if you don't know how to run that test then blaming the
         | victim is completely appropriate here
        
         | sfusato wrote:
         | That's how "Not your keys, not your coins" saying was coined.
        
         | rvz wrote:
         | Yes. They have the keys to the wallet and can freeze
         | withdrawals.
         | 
         | Not your keys, not your coins.
        
         | pjc50 wrote:
         | Based on previous exchange bankruptcies, you're now a creditor:
         | so you'll get _something_ at _some time_ , but not a lot and
         | not soon.
         | 
         | (Did the mtgox payout happen yet?)
        
           | AustinDev wrote:
           | No idea, on MTGOX I don't even know if I'm still a creditor.
           | I had ~100BTC on there I've already written it off.
        
         | LZ_Khan wrote:
         | How does FDIC insurance play into this?
        
           | pavlov wrote:
           | It doesn't apply. Crypto investors wanted to be free of pesky
           | regulation, remember.
        
         | pavlov wrote:
         | Yes, that's generally what happens when an unregulated bank
         | goes bankrupt. The list of creditors will be long, and some
         | have priority claims so they get paid first.
         | 
         | Everybody said this can happen. Coinbase was forced to include
         | a warning to this effect in their filings as a public company.
         | But nobody cares when the going is good and FOMO is strong.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | Mutual funds and ETFs can have the same problem, but they
           | generally structure it so the fund is a separate entity and a
           | "customer" of the parent company. If the fund house goes
           | bankrupt, the fund is safe because the fund house didn't
           | actually own it.
           | 
           | While I don't touch crypto for the same reason I don't touch
           | Beanie Babies, it's made me think more about what is money,
           | what's intrinsic value, and what protections are in place in
           | case something goes wrong.
        
       | once_inc wrote:
       | It's official now; let's see if any other crypto companies will
       | also fall. Looking at BlockFi and Nexo specifically.
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | I saw that BlockFi is already blocking withdrawals and asking
         | customers not to deposit.
        
         | throwup wrote:
         | Weed out the weak.
         | 
         | https://finance.yahoo.com/news/blockfi-halts-withdrawals-cit...
        
           | smt88 wrote:
           | That's all of them, at this point (at least the big ones).
        
             | wollsmoth wrote:
             | coinbase is still out there.
        
         | WFHRenaissance wrote:
         | Nexo has zero exposure to FTX according to their CEO.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Hopefully _this_ CEO will finally be the one who is totally
           | honest and above-board.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | Nexo just proved that when there is a run on the bank, you
           | want to be first in line:
           | https://cointelegraph.com/news/nexo-dodges-219m-bullet-
           | just-...
        
           | rippercushions wrote:
           | That's what BlockFi said yesterday, and here's what they're
           | saying today:
           | 
           | https://blockworks.co/news/blockfi-stops-withdrawals-
           | hinting...
        
             | aniforprez wrote:
             | It's still possible they had no direct exposure because all
             | of crypto is in chaos right now and people are fleeing
        
           | jahewson wrote:
           | That's good. Of course indirectly they're exposed to the
           | macro environment that FTX just dropped on everybody.
        
       | babyshake wrote:
       | This where the investors including the big silicon valley
       | investors that make billions of returns step in and make the
       | little people whole. If BlockFi needs a line of credit to allow
       | withdrawals, each of the investors needs to be in line to provide
       | that credit at the expense of the partners and LPs. Officers eat
       | last.
        
       | prh8 wrote:
       | Was this another CEO "taking all responsibility" without any
       | actual responsiblity/penalties? Not counting resigning.
        
         | triceratops wrote:
         | Other than resigning, what more responsibility can someone take
         | for a professional failure?
        
           | systemicdanna wrote:
           | In some circles resigning from a failed tech venture is not
           | seen as a failure. WeWork CEO resigned and is now promoting a
           | new fully funded company in the same space.
           | 
           | FTX CEO has been openly lying about the impact for a long
           | time now, and has mismanaged billions of dollars (of other
           | people's money). Resigning doesn't seem like a reasonable
           | punishment.
        
             | skeeter2020 wrote:
             | Not to get too far off-topic, but WeWork was commercial
             | real estate, Flow is residential:
             | 
             | Andreessen [of Andreessen Horowitz, investors of 350M in a
             | company that's single asset is currently a landing page]
             | positioned the new company as a long-awaited solution to
             | the nation's "housing crisis." ... "community-driven,
             | experience-centric service" -- to explain how the new
             | startup would "create a system where renters receive the
             | benefits of owners."
             | 
             | This sounds completely different than WeWork, which had the
             | simple goal of changing the world, one beer-Friday at a
             | time.
             | 
             | The sad part is the AZ money isn't the dumb money in this
             | deal; that will flow in latter.
        
               | systemicdanna wrote:
               | I meant that he is back to working in real estate (both
               | WeWork and Flow are in essence real estate businesses
               | with some tech/VC sprinkles on top).
        
           | bitcharmer wrote:
           | I hope you're trolling because this is a very large scale
           | theft. Most of us would agree resignation is not appropriate
           | consequence for such conduct.
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | I'm not trolling. So far this is just a business failure,
             | not a crime.
             | 
             | I don't know much about this whole thing. It sounds likely
             | there will be investigations, and they may prove "large
             | scale theft" at that time. But right now resigning is the
             | only way for him to "take responsibility".
        
           | shockeychap wrote:
           | In this case, jail.
           | 
           | He openly talked about how the whole thing was a Ponzi
           | scheme.
           | 
           | https://youtu.be/KZYqL79GDXU?t=1277
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | Is he supposed to go the nearest federal prison and check
             | himself in?
             | 
             | It's the government's job to prove crimes.
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | That's not what he's saying in that clip.
             | 
             | From Levine's column yesterday:
             | 
             | > "People on Twitter now are like "he admitted that FTX is
             | a Ponzi!" but of course that's not true. He conceded a
             | certain validity to my claim that some crypto businesses --
             | not his -- are Ponzis. He is just in the business of
             | trading their tokens.
             | 
             | "In fact, I came away from that conversation bullish on FTX
             | and Bankman-Fried. My view was, and is, that if you talk to
             | a crypto exchange operator and he is like "crypto is
             | changing the world, your old-fashioned economics are just
             | FUD, HODL," then that's bad. A wild-eyed crypto true
             | believer is not the person to operate an exchange. The
             | person you want operating an exchange is a clear-eyed
             | trader. You want someone whose basic attitude to financial
             | assets is, like, "if someone wants to buy and someone wants
             | to sell, I will put them together and collect a fee." You
             | want someone whose perspective is driven by markets, not
             | ideology, who cares about risk, not futurism. A certain
             | cynicism about the products he is trading is probably
             | healthy."
        
               | shockeychap wrote:
               | I'm not arguing on the basis of what Levine thought of
               | the conversation.
               | 
               | At the very least, it's apparent that SBF sees crypto as
               | being heavily based on speculation that's disconnected
               | from any actual value proposition, but he's choosing to
               | exploit and profit from those systems. And it's now
               | apparent that he also was engaging in speculation with
               | user funds himself via Alameda.
               | 
               | A wild-eyed crypto believer might lose anywhere from a
               | few thousand to a few million of their own money in
               | poorly placed speculation.
               | 
               | A sophisticated market-maker will facilitate the loss of
               | billions (about $10 billion in this case) from numerous
               | people.
               | 
               | Which is more dangerous? A HODL who loses their savings
               | on some speculative crypto purchase, or the next Bernie
               | Madoff?
        
               | fossuser wrote:
               | I don't really agree with this.
               | 
               | A wild eyed Luna type can lose a lot of people's money
               | and is probably more likely to do so than a skeptical
               | trader making deals. The issue with this wasn't that
               | general heuristic which is still true (imo), it was SBF's
               | decisions despite that (which were bad and extremely high
               | risk, but different than it being a ponzi).
               | 
               | Pair that with an intelligent enemy looking for ways to
               | destroy you and this is where it ends up.
        
               | jimmydorry wrote:
               | That is not the comparison at all, and while I have to
               | assume you are commenting in good faith, it is really
               | hard to do so here.
               | 
               | The difference Levine is pointing out is between the type
               | of person operating the exchange. It is not the
               | comparison between janitor and CEO at a fortune 500
               | company.
               | 
               | A "true believer" will cause just as much (or per
               | Levine's assertion: more) damage as a "sophesticated
               | crypto cynicist", but one will at least understand
               | financial fundamentals while the other brings none of the
               | learnings from running any kind of investment or banking
               | firm.
        
               | shockeychap wrote:
               | A "true believer" isn't able to carry out their work
               | without a marketplace. Nobody lost money in crypto on the
               | scale we're seeing 5 years ago.
               | 
               | The largely unregulated, uninsured, and opaque
               | marketplace of crypto, facilitated by people like SBF,
               | has been the conduit for the true believers.
               | 
               | If somebody says "I know you're a sucker and I'm going to
               | take your money", (as SBF did in Levine interview) they
               | just told you everything you need to know. You can rest
               | assured that their other dealings are dirty, as is now
               | coming to light for SBF.
               | 
               | I'm not sure why "good faith" is being brought into
               | question, and I certainly haven't challenged the good
               | faith of those who disagree with me. So I'm not going to
               | address that aspect of the conversation.
        
               | easytiger wrote:
               | But the exchange it seems was but only one constituent of
               | a wider more complex (necessarily complicated?) web of
               | cross funding that in no way represents the expected
               | business practice of an exchange. Matt it seems failed to
               | account for the bare faced lying of a deluded ideologue.
               | Or at least someone who hid behind an ideology to excuse
               | absurd business practices
               | 
               | https://i.redd.it/078p4g7m6cz91.jpg
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | His analogy of a "box" and "cool things" happening to that
             | is almost comical.
        
           | 1270018080 wrote:
           | Stealing billions of dollars while working doesn't make it a
           | professional failure, it's still stealing.
        
             | triceratops wrote:
             | Whether or not he stole is for the legal system to decide,
             | not him. At best he can pledge to cooperate with
             | investigations, if and when they start.
        
         | nocoiner wrote:
         | I will bet you cash money that this is one CEO you'll see in
         | prison. This is like 10x as bad as anything Elizabeth Holmes
         | did, and as far as I know, she wasn't tweeting real time as the
         | walls were closing in on her.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | I mean I doubt he's ever stepping foot in the US again. Dudes
           | going into hiding and won't be seen.
        
           | albntomat0 wrote:
           | Is it as bad as Holmes? Theranos had patients with incorrect
           | medical test results, which seems different in kind that a
           | bunch of crypto investors losing a massive amount of money.
        
         | shapefrog wrote:
         | I take full responsibility for stealing $10 billion and am
         | stepping down as CEO, it has been a long journey from me having
         | nothing to this point. I am sorry to those that lost some or
         | all of your money.
         | 
         | I will no longer take part in the company and will quietly fly
         | away on my private jet to my $50 million home where I will
         | contemplate my next venture.
        
           | bogomipz wrote:
           | I'm not sure things will be that smooth for him. It sounds as
           | though both DOJ and SEC are looking into this:
           | 
           | https://ustoday.news/both-the-doj-and-sec-are-
           | investigating-...
        
             | tombakt wrote:
             | Look at his connections, nothing of consequence will happen
             | to him.
        
               | Kiro wrote:
               | The context here is other CEOs stepping down after a
               | fiasco, getting a massive severance check, saying they
               | take "full responsibility". Compared to that SBF is
               | massively screwed.
        
               | wombat-man wrote:
               | he's bankrupt and deeply in debt. Why would his
               | "connections" stick their necks out for him? I don't know
               | if having a dad teaching at Stanford gives you a free
               | pass everywhere.
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | I wasn't aware of this before reading your comment. It
               | looks like both of his parents actually teach at
               | Stanford. His mother is Professor of Law:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Fried
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Depending on how fast the case moves, she may end up
               | getting to teach a course that uses her son as an example
               | of "what not to do".
        
               | wombat-man wrote:
               | I'm not sure how much trouble having parents at stanford
               | gets you out of. Maybe he can get a good lawyer but
               | losing 10B of client funds is going to have a lot of
               | wealthy people quite upset with him. I'd imagine anyway.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | > he's bankrupt and deeply in debt.
               | 
               | is he? sounds like his various corporate frauds have
               | destroyed a lot of companies and led to corporate
               | bankruptcies, but what information is there about how
               | much he scooped out before?
        
               | qeternity wrote:
               | Well his hedge fund blew up which took down his exchange.
               | Presumably he was broke a long time ago which is why he
               | dipped into clients funds.
               | 
               | He stood to make a lot more from this working out than
               | what the current situation permits.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | ?
               | 
               | The allegation is he moved money between companies to
               | support his terrible "hedge" fund. Where have you seen
               | anything at all about him not having a lot of personal
               | money?
        
               | bogomipz wrote:
               | Do you believe that Bernie Maddoff lacked connections?
        
         | Kiro wrote:
         | He already lost his whole net worth overnight ($16B) and will
         | live in hiding with serious death threats for the rest of his
         | life. This is no ordinary CEO switcheroo where the he walks
         | away with a slap on the wrist and a golden handshake.
        
           | digerata wrote:
           | He was running a Ponzi scheme. Don't feel sorry for him.
        
             | jnwatson wrote:
             | It wasn't a Ponzi scheme, at least based on what's publicly
             | known.
             | 
             | This is just investing with client funds, which the US
             | learned the hard way must be carefully restricted. The US
             | has the Glass-Steagall Act, and deposit insurance to try to
             | prevent bank runs like this.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | The investing with client funds part is probably the
               | easiest charge but his self-description sounds Ponzi-
               | like:
               | 
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-25/sam-
               | bankm...
        
               | tartoran wrote:
               | This sounds like Napoleon Dynamite type of reasoning
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Me, as a kid: "the emperor's new clothes is nonsense,
               | nobody would go along with something that obviously
               | wrong"
               | 
               | Me, after watching people sell no-hope dotcoms, dubious
               | real estate, and cryptocurrency: "... unless they thought
               | they could cash out before the other fools wised up"
        
               | roywiggins wrote:
               | They were talking about stuff like Celsius. I don't think
               | FTX was itself offering yield-farming products, just
               | letting people trade those tokens. "Yeah, the stuff
               | people trade on my platform are probably Ponzis" is
               | definitely not great publicity, but it's not obviously
               | admitting to your own crimes.
        
               | jjulius wrote:
               | >It wasn't a Ponzi scheme, at least based on what's
               | publicly known.
               | 
               | >This is just investing with client funds...
               | 
               | This is just plain not true.
        
             | Kiro wrote:
             | I'm not. Just saying that he won't get away with it like
             | other CEOs have done in the past while "taking
             | responsibility". His punishment has already begun.
        
               | stingraycharles wrote:
               | Which is what, exactly? Living in hiding?
        
               | Kiro wrote:
               | Yes, losing his money, reputation and freedom (whether
               | that's in hiding or in jail). He's obviously royally
               | screwed, regardless if he goes to jail or not, and yet
               | people are saying he walks away from this unscathed.
        
             | stingraycharles wrote:
             | To be fair to the guy, he wasn't afraid to admit it in some
             | very public interviews. But yeah, don't feel sorry.
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | > To be fair to the guy, he wasn't afraid to admit it in
               | some very public interviews.
               | 
               | I don't think brazen criminals should get a different
               | perspective than sneaky ones; perhaps a worse
               | characterization because they either don't recognize what
               | they're doing is wrong, or they simply hold society in
               | contempt.
        
           | skeeter2020 wrote:
           | When you have a net worth of 16B it's probably pretty easy to
           | make 10's or 100's of millions disappear.
        
           | hristov wrote:
           | I am still not convinced that he did not steal the missing
           | FTX client funds. So at this point it is not clear to me how
           | much he lost or gained from this. I do hope the DOJ conduct a
           | full investigation and trace where all the money went.
        
             | benmmurphy wrote:
             | I assume all those political donations bought something :)
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Let's hope some congresspeople were stupid enough to put
               | their money into FTX.
        
               | Freebytes wrote:
               | If so, then he will be facing jail time. If not, then he
               | is fine.
        
               | wombat-man wrote:
               | well, they're not giving the donations back, and it
               | doesn't look like he'll have much to give in the future.
               | Where's their motivation?
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | snapcaster wrote:
             | Where there is fraud there is embezzlement
        
             | ww520 wrote:
             | Does he still hold on to the billion dollar worth Robinhood
             | shares?
        
           | rinze wrote:
           | He had $16b in Magic Dollars(TM) and he can have the same
           | amount in the same token tomorrow if he wants, though.
        
           | mayankkaizen wrote:
           | I am 100% sure he must have siphoned off some sizable part of
           | his net worth in cash or other non-crypto assets.
        
             | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
             | Several million dollars is a lot of money - but not sizable
             | compared to $16B.
             | 
             | If he siphoned off even 1% ($160M+)- you can bet he's going
             | to lose it in bankruptcy proceedings.
        
               | systemicdanna wrote:
               | 10-20% is not $160M+, it's $1.6B+.
        
               | meetingthrower wrote:
               | 10% is $1.6B. Only needs 1% for $160M. .1% for $16M.
               | Which is still generationally rich. Yeah, I think he
               | would have taken that out right?
        
             | AndreLock wrote:
             | SBF personally owns a 7.6% stake in Robinhood worth ~$700m
             | at the current price.
        
             | sgt101 wrote:
             | He will have worked with some accountants and lawyers to
             | move money into untouchable places. There will be someone
             | employed to hold it for him, and dole it out in the future.
             | Sure he will have to keep a low profile, but there will be
             | resources.
             | 
             | He will probably have dispersed quite some sums to friends
             | and family, some of that will come back to him in one way
             | or another.
             | 
             | Finally, he will be able to go on the celebrity speaking
             | circuit for quite a while...
        
               | tartoran wrote:
               | > Finally, he will be able to go on the celebrity
               | speaking circuit for quite a while...
               | 
               | Yeah, talking about the power of failure what he learned
               | from it.
        
               | sgt101 wrote:
               | Maybe this is good - maybe it will keep the lesson of
               | crypto alive in the public mind...
        
           | adam_arthur wrote:
           | Pretty likely that he has money on the side or some sort of
           | assets that are worth a fair amount. Likely not Billions, but
           | certainly in the Millions.
           | 
           | Hopefully the US Gov goes after him and forces him to pay it
           | back to creditors/customers, similar to Trevor Milton/Nikola
        
           | yawnr wrote:
           | Lol give me a break. He will be fine and rich forever, just
           | maybe not a billionaire. There are no real consequences when
           | you are that wealthy.
        
             | tasuki wrote:
             | No death threats because he had money? Have you perhaps
             | seen the extensive list of Russian billionaires who
             | "committed suicide" during like the past five years?
        
       | flerchin wrote:
       | From one of the other HN threads, it seemed that FTX.us was
       | firewalled from FTX.intl. Is that now revealed to be false?
        
         | hello639 wrote:
         | > it seemed that FTX.us was firewalled from FTX.intl. Is that
         | now revealed to be false?
         | 
         | No shit
        
         | cbtacy wrote:
         | "...it was CLAIMED that FTX.us was firewalled..."
        
       | Julesman wrote:
       | I'm not a luddite (on hacker news lol) and I can clearly see the
       | revolutionary potential of blockchain. But, for the love of God,
       | can we STOP the blind short-term speculation on the promise of
       | extreme wealth. Moderate investment can support development
       | without the kind of hype that ruins lives and sullies public
       | perception of the technology.
        
         | louwrentius wrote:
         | Guess I'm a Luddite as I only see blockchain tech as a solution
         | in search of a problem. I think it's worse than useless and
         | crime isn't a valid use case.
        
           | nu11ptr wrote:
           | Separation of money and state is definitely a worthwhile goal
           | in my opinion. Everything else is more questionable.
        
             | louwrentius wrote:
             | You mean tax evasion. I said legal use cases. Please pay
             | your dues to society.
        
             | squokko wrote:
             | Then you have no state power to deal with misuse of money.
        
             | nwah1 wrote:
             | The state has a monopoly on the use of force. It can tax,
             | expropriate, conscript, regulate, and otherwise redirect
             | resources however it wants, and it can demand payments in
             | any currency it chooses. The wishful thinking involved in
             | trying to "separate" money and states is absurd. Even under
             | a gold standard, the government can acquire resources from
             | the public at will. The entire goal is nonsense. The root
             | desire there is the urge to not have a government, which is
             | just yet more wishful thinking.
        
               | deebosong wrote:
               | Not the person you're responding to. But I concur. How
               | will one separate money from state and then protect one's
               | state-separated money without themselves becoming a
               | "state" of sorts, that then is fused to their money? And
               | then everyone becomes their own little island/state, that
               | is fused to their money, and then you forge alliances and
               | become allied island-states, and so on and so forth,
               | until you become a nation of sorts?
               | 
               | Like cmon now. Isn't that the inevitable progression? And
               | if so, doesn't that mean these folks who insist upon
               | separating state from money just want to become the
               | ruling class?
               | 
               | I dunno. That's just how it always comes across to me.
        
               | three_seagrass wrote:
               | Yep, power vacuums always have a way of being filled.
               | 
               | The question is, do you want it to be controlled by
               | rational actors seeking to exploit everyone else, or an
               | organization that has potential for other (maybe even
               | altruistic) motives?
        
               | cellis wrote:
               | Centralization is inevitable.
               | 
               | - https://subconscious.substack.com/p/centralization-is-
               | inevit...
        
               | pxmpxm wrote:
               | People pitching the state vs money argument are the same
               | crypto nerds as per xkcd:
               | 
               | https://xkcd.com/538/
        
               | louwrentius wrote:
               | Indeed, thank you.
        
               | thwayunion wrote:
               | Back in the beginning, bitcoin was intensely attractive
               | to people who were in the intersection of extreme
               | libertarian ethics and cosmopolitan financial capitalism
               | ethos.
               | 
               | It's a fundamentally contradictory world view, of course.
               | You cannot have cosmopolitan financial capitalism without
               | very strong states propping up an extremely unnatural
               | global order. But you can understand how middle-wealthy
               | tech people ended up there. They were self-made, annoyed
               | with taxes, and primarily held wealth that was generated
               | without geographic ties. This is opposed to traditional
               | middle-wealthy folks, whose revenue streams were
               | historically closely tied to place and/or community.
               | 
               | Now that the End Of History is over, the contradiction is
               | laid bare, and the reaction has been a sort of
               | ideological immune response triggering fever dreams that
               | are increasingly absurd and desperate (metaverse, web3,
               | NFTs).
        
               | birdyrooster wrote:
               | These are the same people that want free software to
               | workaround abusive corporate policy instead of first
               | regulating corporations. We might actually even be served
               | by a free software movement if employees and people were
               | actually free and unconstrained by corporations that that
               | keep them from ever participating. People like Stallman
               | think a license.txt is going to solve this?
        
               | killerstorm wrote:
               | People can move from one country to another.
               | 
               | The majority of people on Earth live in countries which
               | are considered corrupt & incompetent and have regular
               | bank crashes. It would be a good thing if we remove
               | control of money from corrupt governments.
        
               | louwrentius wrote:
               | As if that's really working. Food is still paid in local
               | currency and exchanges can be controlled by the
               | government.
               | 
               | It's not worth boiling the oceans for.
               | 
               | But even so, crypto was never really about the poor and
               | unfortunate.
               | 
               | Crypto is about pure greed. Money. Tax evasion. Don't
               | tell waffle stories about people in other countries
               | please. It was never about them. Be at least honest.
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | I would have assumed separating money and state simply
               | means the state can no longer control money creation. So
               | yes it would be similar to using gold as a currency. Just
               | high tech. Though with all the hype I'm sure there was a
               | lot of craziness imagining more beyond that.
        
               | yifanl wrote:
               | That seems like a non-feasible end-goal. If we assume
               | there's any meaningful input involved with the creation
               | of money (mining equipment or graphics cards), then
               | centralization will happen around having the most of the
               | input and securing that, which naturally implies a
               | monopoly on force, which implies a state.
               | 
               | If you allow for fiat money, then almost definitionally,
               | there's a state that everybody agrees is empowered to
               | create the money or else, why would they continue to
               | ensure the value of money?
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | Gold mining purportedly does cause inflation in gold-
               | backed currency. I guess bitcoin mining is the same, not
               | familiar with that other than the annoying effect on
               | hardware prices. Perhaps the argument is that this gets
               | increasingly harder, as opposed to fiat money creation,
               | which appears to be exponential growth. Plus manipulation
               | of the currency has never been all that consistent, they
               | are constantly trying new things and pushing boundaries.
               | so any claims of future stability comes down solely to
               | predicting how far some president or fed chairman might
               | choose to go next along with how other countries react to
               | that.
        
           | nwah1 wrote:
           | Calling out useless "tech" for being useless doesn't make you
           | a luddite. If you call out a "free energy" machine for not
           | actually making free energy, that just makes you honest and
           | reasonable.
        
         | twblalock wrote:
         | > But, for the love of God, can we STOP the blind short-term
         | speculation on the promise of extreme wealth.
         | 
         | Not without changing human nature. If there is a get-rich-quick
         | scheme available, there will always be takers.
        
         | thwayunion wrote:
         | _> can we STOP the blind short-term speculation on the promise
         | of extreme wealth_
         | 
         | I first played around with blockchain in 2011 or so and I still
         | don't know what actual utility this technology is supposed to
         | have. I have never -- _never_ -- encountered a value-producing
         | use case for cryptocurrency that can 't be solved by either
         | signed git commits or a SQL database.
         | 
         | Around 2015 a lot of people I thought were smart enough were
         | exploring use cases for blockchain. AFAICT everyone in that
         | space either left the space altogether, is still rambling about
         | solving supply chain fraud (...), or pivoted to shovel
         | salesmanship to support speculators (or speculate themselves).
        
           | JSavageOne wrote:
           | Cryptocurrency has many advantages to centralized fiat money.
           | If you can't list a single one, you should educate yourself
           | on cryptocurrency before commenting on it as if you have any
           | idea what you're talking about.
        
             | three_seagrass wrote:
             | Perhaps you can share some of the many advantages?
        
               | JSavageOne wrote:
               | Being able to self-custody and send money anonymously and
               | internationally in seconds without an intermediary.
               | Decentralization, composibility, programmable money. Come
               | on this is literally crypto 101
               | 
               | I don't understand how anyone can be on HN talking about
               | crypto without knowing any of crypto's use cases. I mean
               | you don't see people here in Rust threads commenting "I
               | can't think of a single use case of Rust".
        
               | thwayunion wrote:
               | _> send money anonymously and internationally in seconds_
               | 
               | I can easily do this without crypto. (It many cases it's
               | illegal, ofc, but it's trivial to do without crypto if
               | you don't mind breaking the law, and using crypto doesn't
               | suddenly make illegal things legal.)
               | 
               |  _> Decentralization, composibility, programmable_
               | 
               | Glad to see that the dot com era OOP consultants found
               | new employment opportunities that don't involve agile or
               | scrum consulting.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | >send money anonymously and internationally in seconds
               | without an intermediary.
               | 
               | Something that the vast majority of people have no need
               | for. Remember, most americans never even leave the
               | country.
               | 
               | >Decentralization
               | 
               | Prove this is good without just claiming so.
               | 
               | >composibility
               | 
               | What?
               | 
               | >programmable money
               | 
               | Ah yes, because the main feature missing from my bank
               | account and debit card is a half assed, poorly programmed
               | system that sends all my money to a random account that
               | nobody controls.
               | 
               | >Rust threads commenting Because "impossible to corrupt
               | memory" is a feature programmers have been asking for,
               | developing, and considering since the 40s. Who the fuck
               | has been asking for "you don't control your money unless
               | you take 100% personal custody of it and take on all the
               | risks that entails and the money changes value pretty
               | much every day and any transaction takes at least a
               | minute to have any confidence it actually went through"
        
               | generalpf wrote:
               | Rust has use cases.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | i thought it takes 15 minutes for txn's on bitcoin to
               | clear?
        
               | three_seagrass wrote:
               | 20 minutes minimum for bitcoin transactions, which is a
               | long time to hold up the line at the grocery store.
               | Occasionally this has been weeks or never.
               | 
               | For comparison, credit cards can verify in less than a
               | second.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | i thought that physical places that take bitcoin use
               | (centralized, LOL) intermediaries to provide float for
               | points off the top to cover for the extra long txn
               | completion times
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | > Being able to self-custody
               | 
               | Also possible with cash, but extremely risky for most
               | people. Not an advantage of crypto, not an advantage in
               | general.
               | 
               | > send money anonymously
               | 
               | Only relevant for crime. Disadvantage or irrelevant for
               | most legitimate businesses (you anyway need to provide
               | address for shipment).
               | 
               | > send money [] internationally in seconds without an
               | intermediary
               | 
               | Also possible with many banks, VISA, Western Union. The
               | fact that you're using an intermediary is irrelevant -
               | since either way you're paying transaction fees, and
               | trying to avoid sanctions is too dangerous for most
               | people.
               | 
               | > Decentralization
               | 
               | In practice, it's far more centralized (far fewer
               | exchanges in the world than banks, and the majority of
               | people using crypto hold it with an exchange)
               | 
               | > composibility, programmable money
               | 
               | Doesn't really mean anything. Money is money, it can only
               | change hands with a legal contract, and "smart contracts"
               | are not legal contracts.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | > Only relevant for crime.
               | 
               | Sending money anonymously is speech. Just as there's no
               | reason the government needs access to my Signal text
               | history, they don't need access to my sex toy purchase
               | history either.
               | 
               | Are you in favor of strong encryption for messaging, but
               | not payments? If so, I am curious to hear more of your
               | reasoning on that.
               | 
               | > Money is money, it can only change hands with a legal
               | contract, and "smart contracts" are not legal contracts.
               | 
               | Possession is 9/10 of the law, and low-value transactions
               | are not worth litigating. Smart contracts let a piece of
               | software be the judge and jury on a $5 transaction, and I
               | think there's some value in that. It could also be useful
               | for transacting with people who live in countries with
               | broken legal systems.
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | Sending money is not speech.
        
               | mrep wrote:
               | > Are you in favor of strong encryption for messaging,
               | but not payments? If so, I am curious to hear more of
               | your reasoning on that.
               | 
               | Not OP but yes. The government needs taxes to fund itself
               | which means it needs to track some financial transactions
               | in order to levy taxes.
        
             | jefb wrote:
             | _Cryptocurrency has many advantages to centralized fiat
             | money._
             | 
             | Narrator: It doesn't.
        
           | nazgulnarsil wrote:
           | >I have never -- never -- encountered a value-producing use
           | case for cryptocurrency that can't be solved by either signed
           | git commits or a SQL database.
           | 
           | You have always --always-- lived in a high trust society with
           | trustworthy institutions
        
             | thwayunion wrote:
             | I live in the USA.
             | 
             | I will concede your point if it means you'll agree that at
             | the very least cryptocurrency is useless to people in the
             | USA.
             | 
             | (Even as a hedge. My resiliency to societal collapse comes
             | from the social relationships I maintain in my local
             | community and the collection of skills and knowledge we
             | collectively have, not my ability to flee to New Zealand
             | and hope my digital tokens still have perceived value.)
        
           | RetpolineDrama wrote:
           | >I have never -- never -- encountered a value-producing use
           | case for cryptocurrency that can't be solved by either signed
           | git commits or a SQL database.
           | 
           | I've heard a lot of people used it to buy drugs on the
           | internet.
        
             | nunez wrote:
             | also pizza, for a short time
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | That works for a while - when it's an obscure new thing
             | that the government doesn't know to look for. Afterwards,
             | it becomes a public unchangeable ledger of the entire
             | network of illegal trading.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | The IRS currently has a $600k bounty on the ability to
               | de-anonymize Monero transactions, which has so far gone
               | unclaimed. Most crypto drug sales are transacted in
               | Monero nowadays. Not every crypto has public and
               | traceable transactions.
        
               | medvezhenok wrote:
               | 600k is peanuts compared to how much that ability would
               | be worth.
               | 
               | A real bounty would be close to 100x that number.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | You're forgetting that the IRS is basically perpetually
               | handicapped by people who are protecting their friends
               | who do sketchy tax based things to make more money that
               | they then feed back to the people that kneecap the IRS
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | You're still betting your future on this privacy holding.
               | If they do find a way to attack it, they will likely
               | still be able to reconstruct the whole history, unlike
               | with cash.
               | 
               | Also, the bounty was awarded to a company who is
               | theoretically developing a solution. I'm not holding my
               | breath, and anyway I hope for the sake of everyone guilty
               | of harmless "crimes" (buying recreational drugs) that the
               | anonymity holds.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | I actually don't believe it's possible to retroactively
               | reconstruct Monero history, in an information-theoretic
               | sense. The data just isn't there, because it gets thrown
               | out along the way after each ring-signature is completed.
               | It's on a similar playing field as cash in that regard.
               | 
               | To track cash, you need to surveil each point at which
               | the cash changes hands, otherwise that information is
               | lost forever. To track XMR, you likewise need to surveil
               | each point at which XMR changes hands. In some ways, the
               | process is similar to reconstructing TOR traffic - you
               | can't passively observe and deanonymize the entire
               | network, you have to actively target a specific actor. I
               | believe that's what the IRS is talking about when they
               | offer their bounty.
        
           | jonny_eh wrote:
           | It's been 10+ years of a costly solution desperately looking
           | for a problem.
        
             | robocat wrote:
             | Definitely useful in Argentina:
             | https://www.freethink.com/technology/crypto-argentina-
             | black-... - fabulous article
        
             | three_seagrass wrote:
             | Bitcoin was always this fun nerdy hobby money, right up
             | until the speculators came in and exploited it.
             | 
             | Now it's "investing" in the confidence of the future of a
             | computing network that can only handle 7 transactions a
             | second, but that still hasn't stopped it becoming the
             | essential oils for tech bros either.
        
               | piyh wrote:
               | You're under selling the revolution that was buying LSD
               | on the internet
        
               | three_seagrass wrote:
               | Yeah, I almost mentioned Silk Road, but BTC has since
               | been used to back trace and arrest online drug dealers so
               | I feel like it was never really that good at it to begin
               | with.
        
               | w1nst0nsm1th wrote:
               | I suspect BTC has always been an US government honey
               | pot...
               | 
               | Google dorian satoshi nakamoto newsweeks. The guy is
               | probably behind btc. He worked previously as army
               | contractor and in the finance sector...
               | 
               | Just like TOR network was the work of 2 previously army
               | contractors (I remember that quite well, even if
               | wikipedia doesn't seem to remember as well).
               | 
               | Beside, Belgian and other CB (not even ECB) never had a
               | thing to say about crypto with public blockchain of any
               | sort. But monero, which has a private blockchain, has
               | been prohibited in nearly all EU juridiction soon after
               | its launch.
        
           | ssnistfajen wrote:
           | The promise was a trustless system that can operate on its
           | own without central authorities. The problem is this proposed
           | solution has yet to justify itself in terms of both
           | efficiency and cost over existing alternatives which is
           | relying on self-declared central authorities whose trust has
           | been earned via either regulatory guarantees or well-
           | established reputation.
        
           | nannal wrote:
           | I don't trust you, you don't trust me, neither of us trust
           | the guy who owns the git server but I need to give you
           | something without anyone being able to stop us.
        
             | fuckstick wrote:
             | > give you something
             | 
             | Eh? You can't like give me anything - you can give me a
             | token - which can also effectively be money. The latter
             | usually occurs due to some other trust relationship needing
             | to be established - we are back at square one.
        
               | nannal wrote:
               | Luckily there's a fairly liquid market for the things
               | we're handing around (usually)
        
               | fuckstick wrote:
               | I acknowledged "something you can exchange for money" -
               | that was not the objection.
               | 
               | It doesn't solve the underlying difficulty of exchanging
               | physical goods and services that are not tokens - you,
               | know, the actual hard part. It also doesn't solve the
               | laundering aspect once you try to get those tokens
               | liquidated to something not volatile as fuck.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Simple: there's no way to do this transaction - at least
             | not scalably. Are you implying that BTC can somehow solve
             | this?
        
             | krrrh wrote:
             | You really shouldn't be doing a significant amount of your
             | business with people who don't trust you and who you don't
             | trust. Blockchain advocates really underestimate how much
             | of functioning economies simply work because of trust (with
             | lawyers and courts as a backup), and how small the
             | potential "I don't trust you" market is.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | Courts and lawyers are the opposite of trusting who
               | you're doing business with. If you actually trusted them,
               | there would be no need for courts.
               | 
               | The "I don't trust you" market consists of everyone who
               | does business using written contracts. So, nearly
               | everyone.
        
               | thwayunion wrote:
               | _> Courts and lawyers are the opposite of trusting who
               | you 're doing business with._
               | 
               | Courts are extremely expensive and time-consuming.
               | Contracts are definitely not the opposite of trusting who
               | you're doing business with. If you do not trust someone
               | to fulfill their side of a contract, you probably don't
               | bother writing up the contract. The contract is there to
               | punish breach of trust, not to establish trust.
               | 
               |  _Security_ is the opposite of trusting who you 're doing
               | business with. There's a reason super markets -- the most
               | common type of business operating without high trust --
               | employ loss prevention professionals.
               | 
               | Notice that the blockchain offers no substantive defense
               | to a five finger discount...
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | > The contract is there to punish breach of trust, not to
               | establish trust.
               | 
               | If someone can only be trusted under threat of
               | punishment, that means that they aren't actually
               | trustworthy in the first place. I think we might have
               | different definitions of trust. If I fully trust someone,
               | to me that means that I know there's no need for the
               | threat of court at all, because I can be sure that they
               | will uphold their word even if it's in their better
               | financial interest to break it.
        
               | short_sells_poo wrote:
               | I'm sorry but this is a take I completely disagree with.
               | Fundamentally, I do business with people I trust. If I
               | don't trust someone, I'll simply never do business with
               | them. No amount of bullet proof mathematical constructs
               | will change this.
               | 
               | Now, I may trust someone now, but circumstances change.
               | People change. I don't trust the universe to be constant.
               | I thus want to enshrine agreements in contracts and and I
               | want there to be institutions that can offer objective
               | (within reason) arbitration in case my counterparty and I
               | come to disagree in the future.
               | 
               | I don't know what sort of business you operate in, but in
               | my industry, trust is paramount and is practically
               | equivalent to capital. You'll simply not even be employed
               | unless you are trusted. It takes a long time to build a
               | track record and you can lose it in the matter of seconds
               | if you make poor decisions.
               | 
               | So yes, IMO the world operates fundamentally on the basis
               | of trust. I don't believe for a moment that long term
               | successful business can be conducted in an environment
               | without fundamental trust between counterparties. Again,
               | trust does not equal blindly taking people at their word
               | or neglecting due diligence. "Trust, but verify" is the
               | saying.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | > Now, I may trust someone now, but circumstances change.
               | People change.
               | 
               | Trust is inherently a forwards-looking thing. If you
               | don't trust someone not to change in a way that breaks
               | the promises they've made to you, that's not trust at
               | all.
               | 
               | > Fundamentally, I do business with people I trust.
               | 
               | > I don't know what sort of business you operate in
               | 
               | Software industry. When employers have tried to screw me
               | out of things they promised me, I've pointed to sections
               | of written contracts (with the unspoken understanding of
               | a lawsuit if their side of the contract is not upheld)
               | and it's saved me multiple times. These companies just
               | don't care about what they promised you, you can't trust
               | them, they only respond to the looming threat of legal
               | action. On the flip side, I've been screwed before at
               | those times where I didn't keep a meticulous paper trail.
               | The last one was particularly tough because I thought I
               | had made close friends with the person I was doing
               | business with, and I genuinely thought they could be
               | trusted, but they ended up stiffing me out of payment in
               | the end.
               | 
               | In the software industry and in particular working at
               | start-ups, promises are worth jack shit unless they're in
               | a written contract. Nobody trusts anyone to uphold
               | promises. I would love to work in an industry where
               | people could trust each other to uphold their word. What
               | industry are you in?
        
               | lottin wrote:
               | We place trust in the courts of justice so we don't have
               | trust every single party that we interact with. If the
               | courts of justice or the government at large cannot be
               | trusted, then society cannot function, and no amount of
               | cryptography or technology of any kind can fix that.
        
               | ArchD wrote:
               | Do you trust the bank, credit bureaus or some other
               | establishment that you deal with to not leak your
               | sensitive info? Maybe you do. But in case you don't,
               | which is a rational response to the past performance of
               | some establishments (e.g. Equifax), your life still has
               | to go on.
               | 
               | Did you trust the POTUS when he said that Iraq had WMD
               | before starting a war? I suppose he's a painter now so
               | everything's peachy.
               | 
               | A lot of people have been giving reminders of the general
               | untrustworthiness of establishments, including Snowden &
               | Assange. Establishments that many people are forced to
               | deal with.
               | 
               | It would be nice if everybody could be safely trusted.
               | For those who readily trust, there is no problem to
               | solve.
               | 
               | However, some other people see untrustworthiness
               | everywhere, so they take opportunities to try to opt out
               | of the system by engaging in a trustless system that does
               | not require privileged middlemen. It's been baby steps so
               | far.
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | you cannot opt out, there is no escape, its a closed
               | system. misanthropy is harmful. decentralization is a
               | fantasy
        
               | thwayunion wrote:
               | It is okay to do business with people you don't trust,
               | but the crux is that pow/pos doesn't actually solve most
               | of the substantive trust problems.
               | 
               | Eg: all of the weird supply chain nonsense around
               | blockchain. You can keep a ledger and so on, but if
               | there's corruption/theft in the physical warehouse then
               | the ledger is worth only and exactly the disk space to
               | which it's written. No amount of distributed consensus
               | will change anything about the fact that Joe's cousin's
               | friend heard about the shipment and stole 10% of the bulk
               | good and replaced it with dirt to make the weights match.
               | 
               | The problem of doing business with people who you don't
               | completely trust is very real. However, blockchain offers
               | no solution (except and unless the thing you are trading
               | is something that literally be placed on a blockchain, ie
               | nothing physical and nothing that depends on a legal
               | system to enforce).
        
             | pama wrote:
             | Signed git commits, as per the parent.
        
               | nannal wrote:
               | Git guy took the server offline. You want to refer to the
               | commit to give someone else the token but now you can't.
               | 
               | You can't trust the git guy.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | It's funny how after over a decade the best bitcoin can
               | do is an almost half solution to a problem more contrived
               | than the plot of a daytime soap opera. Who the fuck
               | actually has this problem?
        
               | thwayunion wrote:
               | This isn't a coherent problem statement, and to the
               | extent that it is, it's solved by TCP/IP (this isn't the
               | early 1980s; why are you using some random third party's
               | server if you explicitly don't trust them to keep the
               | server running? Run it from your own box. This has been
               | solved since the early 90s.)
        
           | kasey_junk wrote:
           | A "universal" api for moving money between financial
           | institutions that don't have existing relationships would be
           | extremely valuable and could unlock innovation in everything
           | from payments to mortgages.
           | 
           | But the blockchain space has an extreme bias against the
           | existing finance world. Frequently products in the space want
           | to tear it down as they view it as predatory.
           | 
           | This leaves us with the current situation, the crypto
           | industry speed running the history of finance and a
           | technology in search of a problem.
        
             | thwayunion wrote:
             | _> A "universal" api for moving money between financial
             | institutions that don't have existing relationships_
             | 
             | KYC is a feature, not a bug, so there has to be at least
             | some sort of relationship even if it's via mutual
             | registration with a third party.
             | 
             | Also, modernization of banking systems, including inter-
             | bank transfer, has been slowing happening in the background
             | for the last decade. AFAIK no one is using pow, pos, or
             | blockchains (except, maybe, just in the sense that
             | traditional databases have many of the same desirable
             | attributes as a blockchain).
             | 
             |  _> could unlock innovation in everything from payments to
             | mortgages._
             | 
             | Innovation in mortgages didn't work out so well last time,
             | and honestly the actual origination of a mortgage is one of
             | the least painful and inefficient parts of real estate.
             | 
             | When bitcoin launched we really did need innovation in
             | payments. Apple Pay and Google Pay solved a lot of the
             | problem, and the recent rise of "bank/lender as an api"
             | startups popping up now solve a significant part of the
             | rest of the problem.
        
             | JSavageOne wrote:
             | The inadequacies of the traditional finance industry are
             | not the "blockchain space"'s fault.
        
             | caycep wrote:
             | How is it currently run? From my layperson experience,
             | every time I do a wire transfer, I feel like I'm inputting
             | data into a mainframe or something...
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | You basically are.
               | 
               | https://www.fiscal.treasury.gov/ach/ and
               | https://www.swift.com handle much of the US, and it's a
               | system developed in the 70s (or earlier) and it works.
               | 
               | It could be _modernized_ and things like
               | https://explore.fednow.org are trying to do that.
               | 
               | But the problems involved are not things a blockchain
               | would secure _because there 's a trusted intermediary_
               | which can just run a database.
        
               | belter wrote:
               | Well technically...
               | 
               | [1] - "How Mainframes Keep The Financial Industry Up And
               | Running"
               | 
               | "...92 of the top 100 banks use the mainframe to provide
               | banking services to customers, and other types of
               | financial services companies depend on the mainframe, as
               | well. Visa, for example, uses the mainframe to process
               | billions of credit and debit card payments every year.
               | According to some estimates, up to $3 trillion in daily
               | commerce flows through mainframes..."
               | 
               | [1] https://blog.share.org/Article/mainframe-matters-how-
               | mainfra...
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | Technically technically, you're feeding data into a
               | system whose purpose is the care and feeding of a
               | mainframe. That veneer is pretty thin in places and so it
               | tends to feel like you're talking to a mainframe even
               | when you're talking to an arbitrator for the mainframe.
        
             | bananapub wrote:
             | I swear to god, half of the problem with cryptocurrency is
             | Americans not understanding what a functional personal
             | banking system looks like. The big American banks just
             | never bothered to move beyond the 1970s, and so otherwise
             | fairly well-informed Americans in tech assume you need some
             | sort of completely mad system like "consume the power of
             | Spain making a distributed merkel tree full of partial hash
             | collisions" to make bank transfers work.
             | 
             | in every other rich country, you just log in to your bank's
             | web ui thing, click "SEND MONEY TO MY MUM", and then it
             | sends it, for free, to your mum, with no risk of your mum
             | being able to take more money, no random intermediary, no
             | worry about if it actually gets there, no third party
             | holding it in a non-bank cash account, no pre-
             | authorisation, etc. you enter a bank identification number
             | and an account number (and a name, usually, to avoid
             | mistakes) and it just happens and it just works. in most
             | countries this is quick, even, e.g. in the UK it's almost
             | always < 5 seconds.
             | 
             | FOR FREE.
             | 
             | no blockchains, no multi-billion ponzi schemes, just a
             | boring and simple service offered by every bank in the
             | country.
             | 
             | making the Fed make banks just introduce free, instant bank
             | transfers could have saved the world tens of billions of
             | dollars and apparently tens of billions of tons of
             | greenhouse gases.
        
               | hinkley wrote:
               | Snake oil comes around every couple of generations once
               | the people who lived it are too feeble or too few to get
               | the message out to the latest crop of people with enough
               | income to grab the attention of con artists.
               | 
               | These are in theory lessons that are meant to be passed
               | along by the Public Education system but ours is pretty
               | broken.
        
               | mjr00 wrote:
               | Exactly this, I'm in Canada and can transfer money to
               | anyone in Canada (and maybe worldwide, never tried it
               | though) for free, instantly. That's how most people pay
               | rent up here.
               | 
               | Most of the problems people perceive with the banking
               | system are completely societal, 0% technical. If your
               | bank doesn't let you send money instantly to your friend
               | for free, that isn't because your bank needs a
               | blockchain.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | > Most of the problems people perceive with the banking
               | system are completely societal, 0% technical. If your
               | bank doesn't let you send money instantly to your friend
               | for free, that isn't because your bank needs a
               | blockchain.
               | 
               | that's excellent, thank you for putting it better than I
               | did.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | See also Uber vs countries that can and did simply
               | regulate taxis well for decades, without burning billions
               | of VC dollars.
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | I've never been impressed by tech startups "disrupting"
               | boring traditional industries. Except that perhaps some
               | of their technology problems may be interesting. But
               | overall, you're now working/investing in a boring
               | industry.
        
               | JSavageOne wrote:
               | > In every other rich country
               | 
               | Let's not ignore the non-"rich" countries
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | yes, sorry, good point.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Most of Africa has more robust money transferring systems
               | than the US. You can literally text someone currency, and
               | this has been around longer than bitcoin.
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | If you're referring to M-pesa, it's an app like Venmo.
               | The US has apps too (for example Venmo).
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | Well I mean the US is the biggest and richest rich
               | country by a large margin. And has maintained a
               | continuously functioning financial system for centuries
               | now (though I do wish they would let it crash and be
               | replaced sometimes when it so-richly deserved to). So it
               | is kinda hardest to implement here, especially with every
               | state having their own banking rules.
               | 
               | The banks are adding some instant money transfer services
               | in the last few years though.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | > Well I mean the US is the biggest and richest rich
               | country by a large margin. And has maintained a
               | continuously functioning financial system for centuries
               | now (though I do wish they would let it crash and be
               | replaced sometimes when it so-richly deserved to). So it
               | is kinda hardest to implement here, especially with every
               | state having their own banking rules.
               | 
               | the EU did this, SPANNING TWENTY EIGHT COUNTRIES. they
               | don't even all use the same CURRENCY.
               | 
               | edit: sorry, it's 36 - EU27 + EFTA + UK + microstates
               | 
               | > The banks are adding some instant money transfer
               | services in the last few years though.
               | 
               | it appears to me, judging from talking to Americans, and
               | my own use of the US banking system, that customers do
               | not even generally have ability to login to their bank's
               | website and transfer money, AT ALL, forget "instant".
               | 
               | overall, this is such a bizarre reply, but emblematic of
               | many of the problems the US faces - "it's too hard to fix
               | $problem_with_well_known_solution because of entrenched
               | interests, so let's create this absolutely awful parallel
               | system that creates a whole new world of entrenched
               | interests who will in turn block any innovation".
               | 
               | why do you think it would be hard? ACH exists, and lets
               | banks transfer money. why can't banks make it better like
               | Australia did? or have the same structure create a
               | parallel, better transfer system banks can opt in to,
               | like the UK did with FPS?
               | 
               | I would have said that letting venmo/paypal/etc do it was
               | the worst possible solution, but then I could not have
               | imagined that another solution people would seriously
               | propose was "cryptocurrency".
        
               | afarrell wrote:
               | > emblematic of many of the problems the US faces - "it's
               | too hard to fix $problem_with_well_known_solution because
               | of entrenched interests, so let's create this absolutely
               | awful parallel system that creates a whole new world of
               | entrenched interests who will in turn block any
               | innovation".
               | 
               | This is what happens when you build a country with a
               | disproportionate number of the sort of people who are
               | willing to say "Fuck it. Building a decent living in my
               | home country is too hard. I'm going to cross an ocean in
               | a steam ship and start a new life on a new continent
               | where I am a complete stranger."
               | 
               | I say this as an American who has made similar choices of
               | questionable wisdom.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | No this is what happens when you develop your culture's
               | ideology to be "Helping other people is communism, and
               | they deserve to suffer"
        
               | JamesianP wrote:
               | Yes of course we can do transfers online. I've been doing
               | business this way for decades. Even in the very very
               | early days of the internet they started "online bill
               | payment" services, which would transfer electronically or
               | else outright send a check as needed. It's how I paid
               | rent in college. Also credit cards have been in
               | widespread use for longer than that, so the need for an
               | alternative was always only in narrow niches.
               | 
               | The new services (and the tech companies) only selling
               | point is they can be instant and cheaper or free (though
               | not all older approaches have fees). And serve groups
               | like younger people with no credit.
               | 
               | And what is your post emblematic of with it's abuse of
               | caps and stereotyping? I'm just talking about why they
               | haven't replaced an older solution that "isn't broke"
               | since it gets 99.9 percent of the job done already. No
               | need to lose your mind.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | Another great example (https://twitter.com/felixsalmon/st
               | atus/1591193835886891009) from one of the worst VC funds:
               | 
               | > Problem: US healthcare is broken.
               | 
               | > Solution: Build a for-profit company that will generate
               | trillions of dollars in value for its shareholders, all
               | of which will come from payment for healthcare
        
               | oezi wrote:
               | It is not quite true that this is the way in every other
               | country. It took Europe quite some time to adopt the
               | IBAN. Money transfer between banks is still mostly
               | cleared only daily (even if the transfer is shown as
               | instantaneous).
               | 
               | Also the name given during the transfer aside the IBAN
               | won't make the transfer fail as far as I know if
               | incorrect.
        
               | kasey_junk wrote:
               | Now do a transfer between an EU bank and one in Canada.
               | 
               | Or send money to a wallet in China.
               | 
               | I assure you I understand the rails going on in
               | international money transfers, and the amount of
               | different systems, protocols and hops to make it happen
               | is staggering.
               | 
               | It can take sophisticated modern treasury operations
               | years to get up and running in new jurisdictions
               | independent of the regulatory challenges.
               | 
               | If we could isolate it to the compliance and risk
               | management portions of the challenge it would increase
               | innovation dramatically.
        
           | deepspace wrote:
           | ... or they are off promoting "web 3", the definition of
           | which changes as the weather does.
           | 
           | For me, enthusiasm for "the blockchain" is a quick way to
           | identify a) people who promote technologies without bothering
           | to research the fundamentals and b) crooks/charlatans.
        
           | miracle2k wrote:
           | > I have never -- never -- encountered a value-producing use
           | case for cryptocurrency that can't be solved by either signed
           | git commits or a SQL database.
           | 
           | The value is in a permissionless and censorship resistant
           | financial network. You may not find that valuable, but that's
           | ok.
        
           | mumbisChungo wrote:
           | I think you have to want or need decentralization in order to
           | buy into most of the use-cases of the technology, either
           | because you don't trust institutions or because you're in a
           | part of the world where either the institutions aren't safe
           | or the currency isn't.
           | 
           | Assuming you do believe that decentralization is nice to
           | have, applications like decentralized banking (ie. lending,
           | borrowing, exchange of assets) become valuable.
           | 
           | There are also emergent culture sources of "value" in the
           | industry, such as medium native artforms in on-chain
           | generative artworks, distributed multiplayer "runtime"
           | systems artworks, on-chain gaming and metagaming, etc.
           | 
           | I understand that for many people, even if you grant that
           | _some_ people might find the above legitimately valuable or
           | useful you may still believe that it doesn't justify the
           | energy costs. To that my response would be that all of the
           | above are serviced by networks like ethereum and its various
           | layer two solutions, none of which utilize proof of work, and
           | the sum of which have a fairly modest carbon footprint, as
           | with other computationally inexpensive digital technologies.
           | 
           | If you take issue with Bitcoin specifically I can't really
           | offer an argument with conviction. BTC is what got me into
           | the industry, and I think the BTC whitepaper is a brilliant
           | example of human ingenuity, but more recent advancements in
           | the technology leave me skeptical about the societal ROI on
           | large scale PoW operations.
        
             | thwayunion wrote:
             | I do not see any need in my life for the combination of
             | high finance and decentralization. Centralized and highly
             | regulated high finance is bad enough, and already something
             | I try to avoid except when absolutely necessary. My
             | economic life is highly decentralized, but with extremely
             | high trust and very little financialization, so no need for
             | what crypto people mean when _they_ say
             | "decentralization". DeFi, in my life, means the neighbor
             | down the street leaves a you-owe-me note when she drops off
             | eggs, a debt instrument that I can settle using any number
             | of currencies recognized by the local economy; I most often
             | opt to pay in HomeBrewCoin.
             | 
             |  _> I think the BTC whitepaper is a brilliant example of
             | human ingenuity_
             | 
             | I largely have the same problem as hinkley (sibling
             | comment): I had seen most or all of these ideas prior to
             | the emergence of BTC. I first countered Merkle trees...
             | gosh, forever ago. Got really into cryptography in the 90s.
             | Etc. The idea of creating a currency backed by PoW didn't
             | seem ingenious; it seemed like a particularly silly
             | application of otherwise quite useful technologies. AFAICT
             | it still is mostly useless, except that it made some people
             | very wealthy.
             | 
             | Anyways, I'll go back to yelling at kids to stop picking my
             | tulips.
        
           | afarrell wrote:
           | I have found one: Sending the Jamaican Bobsled team to the
           | olympics. I highly doubt that this could have been done based
           | on Postgres. Postgres is too boring and stable to attract the
           | necessary attention.
           | 
           | https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-
           | way/2014/01/22/265060754...
        
             | thunky wrote:
             | Yes because we all know the only way to raise money is via
             | shitcoins.
             | 
             | I learned that by watching Cool Runnings.
        
               | afarrell wrote:
               | As noted elsewhere, most of the money wasn't transferred
               | via dogecoin. But reasonable financial transaction
               | systems don't attract the advertising attention that this
               | was able to.
               | 
               | Does that make it a good financial system? To the degree
               | that a clown car is a good public transport system.
        
             | qeternity wrote:
             | TFA: Dogecoin was sent for 30k of the 184k raised
             | 
             | So no this effort was not enabled by crypto
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | I worked on code that used a Merkle Tree before any of us had
           | heard of a Merkle tree or this blockchain bullshit came
           | around, so I never got starry eyed about any of this stuff.
           | 
           | That project was in an environment where chain of custody is
           | an established mechanism for ensuring public safety. Layering
           | a web of trust over the top of that was something the users
           | could mostly digest. Consumers can only use software signed
           | by a particular department or person, only approved software
           | is signed, and approval requires a chain of approvals before
           | it going back to an original signature that says "these are
           | the bits we gave you".
           | 
           | That's a useful application of the Merkle Trees. But you'll
           | note there's no distributed consensus, and there's no Proof
           | of Work. Or rather, the proof inferred, backed by process and
           | in this case legistlation.
           | 
           | Block _chain_ admits it 's only barely a Merkle Tree right in
           | the name. Our graph looked a lot more like trunk in a git
           | repo. Slightly more tree-like but people only care about the
           | last node.
        
             | killerstorm wrote:
             | A Block header includes a root hash of a Merkle tree of
             | transactions. So yes, it is a tree, if you also consider
             | the useful payload, not just block headers.
             | 
             | Then e.g. in Ethereum there's also a Merkle tree of the
             | entire state as well.
             | 
             | > there's no distributed consensus
             | 
             | Distributed consensus is necessary if you want high
             | availability and replication for your Merkle tree.
             | 
             | If data in your tree is important, you want to replicate
             | it, right? You want to be sure it's stored on multiple
             | nodes.
             | 
             | So this distributed consensus thing, Byzantine Fault
             | Tolerance, it basically gives you a receipt that at least N
             | nodes have this data stored.
             | 
             | You didn't implement it because it takes considerable
             | effort. But if you implemented Merkle tree with high
             | availability, you'd get something very similar to
             | blockchain.
        
               | thwayunion wrote:
               | _> If data in your tree is important, you want to
               | replicate it, right?_
               | 
               | Yes!
               | 
               |  _> You didn 't implement it because it takes
               | considerable effort._
               | 
               | I'd wager it's because he was smart enough to read the
               | man page for rsync and didn't over-engineer a non-
               | solution to a non-problem in his particular use-case.
        
         | monkmartinez wrote:
         | what do you see as the "revolutionary potential" in blockchain?
         | Genuinely curious.
        
           | mkoryak wrote:
           | separating people from their money
        
         | codegeek wrote:
         | "> can we STOP the blind short-term speculation on the promise
         | of extreme wealth"
         | 
         | Then there is nothing left to do.
         | 
         | "I can clearly see the revolutionary potential of blockchain."
         | 
         | Started in 2009. 13 years now. How much longer do we need to
         | see the revolutionary potential ? Isn't it obvious that there
         | is no real practical usage ?
        
         | sdiacom wrote:
         | As someone with a similar-ish position to yours, I think by the
         | time someone figures out how to build something useful with
         | this technology, the terminology of cryptocurrencies
         | (blockchain, "defi", NFTs and whatever a "web3" is) will be so
         | tightly associated with scams, that this new useful thing will
         | use completely different terms to describe itself.
        
           | nkozyra wrote:
           | While true, there's an endless supply of new buzzwords to use
           | to capture another round of rubes.
        
           | zeroclip wrote:
           | These things already exist. Uniswap, Aave. Both pretty easy
           | to use and can not just go insolvent on you.
        
             | sdiacom wrote:
             | The only currently existing purpose of those things is to
             | trade scam tokens for other scam tokens, which makes them
             | effectively meta-scams. What I mean is that, like Ethereum,
             | they're not scams in itself, but their only real-world use-
             | case is to provide a decentralised platform on which to run
             | scams.
        
         | JeremyNT wrote:
         | > I can clearly see the revolutionary potential of blockchain.
         | 
         | What do you feel is the "revolutionary potential" here? Bitcoin
         | has been around for a while, and I surely haven't seen it.
         | 
         | I see this stuff only used for scams, speculation, and illicit
         | transactions. None of this is "revolutionary" - scams,
         | speculation, and illicit transactions have been around as long
         | as money.
        
           | wustangdan wrote:
           | The reason is because your government is reasonably well
           | behaved. You can think of crypto as a hedge against bad
           | government behavior. So in your case, you aren't a target
           | customer.
           | 
           | Try thinking about people in Turkey or Venezuala, where the
           | yearly inflation is 100% - 5,000%. Bitcoin looks like a
           | relatively stable safe heaven in comparison.
           | 
           | https://www.coindesk.com/layer2/2022/10/25/turkey-
           | cryptocurr...
           | 
           | In the US it was illegal to send dollars to Wikileaks. Is it
           | really your money if you aren't allowed to send it to whoever
           | you want?
           | 
           | Imagine instead of Wikileaks it was a political cause you
           | truly believed in and wanted to support but your government
           | didn't like. Surely you can see how they could label any
           | money flowing to this cause as an "illicit transaction". Dn't
           | you think that you should have the power to support whatever
           | cause you believe is right? Or do you think that only your
           | government should decide what are the approved political
           | causes you are allowed to support?
        
             | GrinningFool wrote:
             | You haven't answered the OP's question though.
             | 
             | From the article you posted, it seems like its primary
             | value there has been as a proxy for other [more stable]
             | currencies.
             | 
             | USD did that something like that for a while when it was
             | gold-backed. How is it now revolutionary when crypto does
             | the same thing backed by fiat currencies instead of gold?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | chx wrote:
         | > and I can clearly see the revolutionary potential of
         | blockchain.
         | 
         | I can not.
         | 
         | It's been 13 years and there's still nothing.
         | 
         | It was never anything else but a scam and can not be anything
         | else but a scam for all crypto"currencies" with a transaction
         | fee are _negative sum games_.
        
           | luckylion wrote:
           | Fast, cheap money transfer (theoretically) not requiring
           | trust in any middle man, cutting out bank's control, i.e.
           | "digital cash". I don't know if it's revolutionary, but it
           | has a lot of potential and is great when it works.
        
             | short_sells_poo wrote:
             | I can transfer money for free and it gets instantaneously
             | deposited in the other bank account. You list many things
             | (middle man, bank's control) but don't list any reasons why
             | these are bad. You also say it has potential, but don't
             | provide any example such potential.
             | 
             | IMO there is one saving grace of cryptocurrencies, but
             | ultimately this is also the reason why they simply won't be
             | accepted: they are temporarily out of government control.
             | This allows one to funnel funds in and out of hostile
             | jurisdictions. This is a genuinely beneficial use case for
             | people trapped in these jurisdictions. However, I'd argue
             | this is such a vanishingly small portion of the mindshare
             | and "business" conducted with and on behalf of the crypto
             | industry, that it doesn't offer even a shred of redemption.
             | The one altruistic use case is practically drowned out in
             | the insane amount of buzzword laden echo chambers coming up
             | with ever more hare brained structures and concepts to sell
             | to each other. I wonder if these people even recognize how
             | much of a caricature they have become.
             | 
             | I really connected the dots when I read some banker's
             | messages to Elon Musk about how SBF was pitching some
             | blockchain silliness for Twitter (as he would), and even
             | Elon Musk, the master memer and troll, recognized how silly
             | the idea was.
        
             | chx wrote:
             | Here are the steps you need to take to move money with
             | crypto"currency":
             | 
             | 1. Establish a presence at an exchange (you need to do this
             | only once)
             | 
             | 2. The receiver needs to establish presence at their
             | exchange (every receiver of yours need to do this)
             | 
             | 3. Transfer money to the exchange
             | 
             | 4. Buy coins and move them and the receiver exchanges back
             | them to money
             | 
             | 5. The receiver needs to move money from the exchange to
             | their back account
             | 
             | Reminder: you want to transfer money and crypto"currency"
             | is merely a vehicle to do this. And so turns out the hard
             | part is #3 and #5 -- integrating into existing banking
             | systems and #4 is _completely superflous_. For example,
             | wise.com (nee transferwise) solves the same problem except
             | without the receiver needing to do this nightmarish
             | rigmarole.
             | 
             | Not trusting the middle man would require the entire world
             | to switch to some crypto"currency" and this is completely
             | unfeasible with the current ones.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | That includes steps that you shouldn't. I.e. to transfer
               | money via bank, I wouldn't include "get a job to earn
               | some money".
               | 
               | You don't want to transfer money, you want to transfer
               | value. If the recipient can use the crypto currency to
               | buy something else, they don't need an exchange.
               | 
               | Here's my very simple setup: have a bunch of mbtc sit in
               | a wallet. Open the wallet. Insert the password. Insert
               | address and amount. Insert the password again. Done.
               | 
               | I can do the same with a bank, but it takes much longer
               | (i.e. days instead of seconds or minutes) unless the
               | recipient is at the same bank, or I pay extra and they're
               | in the same network, and I need to rely on the bank to
               | allow my payment. Want to buy porn, drugs, or want to
               | gamble your hard earned money away? Good luck using your
               | VISA or PayPal for that.
               | 
               | There's plenty of potential in crypto, it doesn't need to
               | replace any and all usecases of banking to be useful.
        
               | chx wrote:
               | No, this is a crypto"currency" fanboi's version, sorry.
               | 
               | Everyone wants to transfer money except a vanishingly
               | small percentage of the population who wants to use these
               | things. Aside from a rounding error, no one even
               | understands what they are or how to use them. I get
               | invoiced for services in money, I pay my taxes in money.
               | There's nothing else.
               | 
               | This has been the favorite poster child of bitcoin shills
               | but it's been, again, _thirteen years_ and it still doesn
               | 't work so much that there has not even been a credible
               | attempt making it work.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | "It doesn't work"? I've bought stuff and paid with
               | bitcoin just yesterday. It worked fine. That you and a
               | majority of the population have no use for it doesn't
               | mean that it doesn't work. It works for the people who
               | use it, and it solves problems for them.
               | 
               | You're not one of them. That's fine, not everything has
               | to include you to be useful.
        
               | gilrain wrote:
               | Let's keep irreversibly destroying our ecology and
               | economy because dozens of people manage to buy wool socks
               | and pizza with Bitcoin.
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | The grocery store won't accept my bitcoin. Steam won't
               | accept my bitcoin. My landlord won't accept bitcoin. The
               | coffee shop won't accept bitcoin.
               | 
               | Who does? People who sell bitcoin hardware and one small
               | tourist shop in colorado that sells christmas ornaments.
               | 
               | Wow, what utility!
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | My landlord won't accept bitcoin either, but I'm
               | perfectly fine with just using my bank account to let
               | them take the money out of my account. It's easy,
               | convenient and just works, they even have an account at
               | the same bank I have mine.
               | 
               | I also occasionally spend money at international
               | businesses on things PayPal, VISA and MC aren't fond of,
               | so short of putting bills into an envelope and sending
               | them it's difficult to do. Crypto solves that for me.
               | It's quick and I don't need anyone's approval of the
               | industry I'm spending money on. It's like cash for local
               | shopping, minus the large acceptance. I'd love to see
               | more businesses use crypto, and for it to be less roller-
               | coaster-y, and to have less energy waste etc, but it is
               | what it is, and it still works for me.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | i thought your counterparty doesn't need to be on the
               | exchange since you're just sending funds to a hex
               | address? i thought that it's trivial to lose funds b/c of
               | this?
        
             | codegeek wrote:
             | "not requiring trust in any middle man"
             | 
             | And yet, we have these middlemen like Coinbase and what
             | not. IN theory, decentralized currency is awesome. In
             | practice, almost impossible. Novel idea for sure but it is
             | time we admit that it cannot be implemented without
             | middlemen.
        
               | luckylion wrote:
               | You don't necessarily need Coinbase etc, but yes, they do
               | make everything easier. I meant that you still need to
               | trust the miners who have centralized and aren't
               | guaranteed to be trustworthy.
        
         | Barrin92 wrote:
         | You don't need to preemptively apologize for criticizing or
         | questioning a particular data structure. That certainly does
         | not make anybody a luddite. Also luddites had some decent
         | reasons for their activism given the mass unemployment as a
         | result of factory work, which I don't think we're facing with
         | the 'blockchain revolution' any time soon, unless you operate a
         | casino maybe.
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | We already tried that, that was the wave 2 of Crypto, when
         | people were trying to build tokens with utility. Things like
         | Filecoin.
         | 
         | Eventually everyone realized that the value-add of the utility
         | those tokens bring is roughly ~$0, and the only reason tokens
         | in general, and those tokens in particular have any value at
         | all is because people buy them so they could sell them to a
         | bigger fool.
         | 
         | Token producers thus took the next logical step[1] - dispense
         | with any promises of token utility, and go straight to minting
         | NFTs and fartcoins. Why bother actually developing a product
         | and ecosystem when the only thing people buying from you care
         | about is the pump and dump?
         | 
         | [1] I'm omitting the various ponzicoins, here, those are
         | straight up, unabashed fraud, without even a fig leaf to cover
         | themselves with. :)
        
         | odiroot wrote:
         | "There's a sucker born every minute". And so there's always an
         | opportunity to sell new revolutionary investments.
        
       | fiat_fandango wrote:
       | Curiously I was able to pull out all of my Eth / Eth tokens from
       | FTX.US but not chainlink?
       | 
       | Withdrawals were requested at the same time two days ago, glad I
       | remembered I had some coins sitting around in those accts.
        
       | yourMaster__666 wrote:
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | Where's the oversight from the SEC?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | orangepurple wrote:
         | This is the oversight from the SEC
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33561610
        
         | HDThoreaun wrote:
         | FTX is a bahamian company. SEC doesn't have jurisdiction.
        
       | twblalock wrote:
       | This has been a wonderful social experiment, enabling people who
       | didn't live in the 19th century to see what happens when banking
       | and investing is treated like the wild west.
       | 
       | Maybe something could have been different this time? In the end
       | it wasn't, and it proves the necessity of regulation and
       | institutions.
       | 
       | There aren't very many other aspects of our society where we get
       | to have that kind of experiment and find out whether our
       | approaches to past problems were really correct. Letting us do
       | that may turn out to be the true value of crypto, after the coins
       | go to zero and we start mentioning it in our history books
       | alongside tulip mania and the South Sea bubble.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _This has been a wonderful social experiment, enabling people
         | who didn't live in the 19th century to see what happens when
         | banking and investing is treated like the wild west_
         | 
         | For those who can read long books, see Anthony Trollope's _The
         | Way We Live Now_.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Way_We_Live_Now
         | 
         | The 2001 television version was also excellent:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Way_We_Live_Now_(2001_TV_s...
         | , and only four episodes, instead of 100 chapters.
        
         | ahallock wrote:
         | Defi can help. There are still issues with contract
         | vulnerabilities, but I don't think you can get away with the
         | same level of fraud as you can on a CEX, where there's far less
         | transparency.
        
         | qudat wrote:
         | Hmm, I'm not sure about your conclusion.
         | 
         | I would rather see people be more scrutinizing when giving
         | their money to others. It doesn't matter if there are rules and
         | regulations, people are always going to be duped. When I read
         | about FTX I just think that people need to be better educated.
         | 
         | Maybe one could argue that the rules and regulations are
         | specific to providing consumers with tools to make educated
         | decisions about financial investments.
        
           | piva00 wrote:
           | > I would rather see people be more scrutinizing when giving
           | their money to others.
           | 
           | "I just wish everyone is better" is _never_ a solution for
           | anything that has mass appeal /is used by the general public.
           | You can't ever depend that individual actions will solve a
           | systemic issue, it's not realistic.
        
             | qudat wrote:
             | The same argument can be made for government intervention.
             | 
             | I don't buy it, there are a ton of examples where not only
             | does the gov get it wrong but also have the opposite effect
             | of what they were trying to achieve. Good intentions is not
             | realistic.
             | 
             | The systemic issue is education.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | Tell me what systemic issues were solved by individual
               | action. I'd really like to hear examples, I've never
               | found them.
        
         | randiantech wrote:
         | 19th century, or 2008. It'd be same.
        
           | rfrey wrote:
           | In 2008 depositors got their money back. In the 19th century
           | they lost it.
        
           | thinkcontext wrote:
           | 2008 had a lot of things the 1800s didn't, like the Fed and
           | FDIC, both of which were very busy.
        
         | supdup wrote:
         | Protectionist government is the only reason why societies would
         | need to go through cycles of repeating the experiment. When
         | they are protected, they forget how to protect themselves...
         | from their own decisions.
        
         | twawaaay wrote:
         | I red a bunch of financial books including some history of
         | financial systems to learn to invest but also because I am just
         | curious about how we got where we are.
         | 
         | It is interesting that the waves that we are experiencing are
         | nothing new, everything has been repeating every 20-40 years
         | for the past three centuries or more.
         | 
         | Yeah, bitcoin is nothing new. It is the roughly similar thing
         | happening all over again -- people buying something they
         | absolutely do not understand just because they see the value is
         | going up. Investing is hard and here is this golden opportunity
         | -- just put your money in and see it multiply. And for a long
         | time this works because more people are putting their money in
         | and expecting returns. Then suddenly for whatever reason the
         | positive returns dry up (at the very least you have to run out
         | of new capital at some point) and those same people who were
         | only in to speculate now want to get their money back. But as
         | the first are able to do it, the price starts to fall.
         | 
         | Then you get companies or individuals swarming nearby the
         | stream of money because, hey, for every greedy person with
         | capital you will find a greedy person without it. And lots of
         | these people also want to get rich quick.
         | 
         | It really is just another pyramid scheme that lures in people
         | who do not understand finances but want to get rich quick (and
         | some who do understand but are just too greedy to pass on the
         | opportunity or play with somebody elses capital), the
         | difference being it looks way more legit and legal because of
         | the number of investors and amount of capital.
         | 
         | The cycle length has something to do with how long people
         | remember the previous painful lesson before they forget and do
         | it all over again. Remarkably stable over centuries...
        
         | tasubotadas wrote:
         | Why does this need to be regulated? We already have banks for
         | that. And it's not like regulation saved them from being able
         | to become insolvent.
        
           | thinkcontext wrote:
           | The US generally protects retail investors from risk like
           | this in other financial instruments and markets. This isn't
           | really different, its just new enough that regulators haven't
           | caught up. This kind of event could speed that up.
        
           | jfghi wrote:
           | Because financial fraud isn't a victimless crime.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | In this particular instance of fraud it's impossible to
             | feel any sort of sympathy for the "victims". They
             | absolutely deserve their losses.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | aaronbrethorst wrote:
           | I get whiplash wearing a seatbelt when my car gets into a
           | crash. Why should I bother wearing that seatbelt? It didn't
           | save me from the whiplash!
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | Even in 2008, no depositors in FDIC-insured banks lost their
           | money. Some banks died (Washington Mutual comes to mind), but
           | it's not like FTX where the depositors are left with nothing.
        
             | aaronbrethorst wrote:
             | I banked with WaMu in 2008. They died. Chase absorbed them.
             | My account balances moved to Chase and were left 100%
             | intact.
        
           | everfree wrote:
           | > it's not like regulation saved them from being able to
           | become insolvent.
           | 
           | It may have, in a way.
           | 
           | It's too early to tell, but it's possible that FTX's USA-
           | based corporation ("FTX US") is still solvent. I believe it's
           | the Bahamas-based entity that's in bankruptcy - the one
           | that's in an offshore haven not subject to US regulations.
           | 
           | Edit: Looks like FTX US is bankrupt too, but still it may or
           | may not be solvent.
        
             | kgwgk wrote:
             | FTX US is included in the bankruptcy proceedings.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | Thanks, I just read that elsewhere in this thread.
        
           | hnews_account_1 wrote:
           | Regulation saved the economy from the worst of it. But this
           | is the kind of uninformed ignorance that is common in these
           | parts. It has been consistently proven that regulation and
           | central banking have prevented the worst of excesses. But
           | live in your own world without reading anything. No one is
           | stopping you.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | an opaque shadow bank in the Bahamas crashing has nothing to do
         | with its niche of crypto.
         | 
         | try not to conflate the two.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Or maybe it is the opposite? Why did (institutional) investors
         | trusted and funded this ... thing so much? Maybe the fact that
         | the Founder was literally born inside academic elites has
         | something to do with it?
         | 
         | The guy who is supposed to have "won" this , is running an
         | exchange apparently banned by china, largely disliked by
         | regulators and disinvited by governments, and not funded by any
         | government or large investors, right?
        
         | derangedHorse wrote:
         | It seems like you're conflating the value of crypto with the
         | recent blunders of crypto-focused businesses. The fundamental
         | value of cryptocurrency is being able to self-custody tokens of
         | value without relying on any other mechanism besides the proper
         | functioning of the blockchain and its respective rules. What
         | we're seeing here is a lack of clarity/regulation amongst world
         | governments on how crypto and the businesses that manage them
         | should be treated.
         | 
         | The promise of DeFi has a higher barrier of entry for those
         | unfamiliar with the technicalities of interacting with
         | decentralized systems, but they generally have more
         | transparency in management of funds than crypto-centric
         | businesses. All code running on the blockchain can be audited
         | and so can the funds held within smart contracts. There are
         | plenty of valid criticisms that can be made of various
         | cryptocurrencies with those models of on-chain finance (and
         | even with the value of cryptocurrencies themselves), but
         | criticism of cryptocurrencies deriving from bad businesses that
         | manage them shouldn't be one of them in my opinion.
        
           | jfk13 wrote:
           | > The fundamental value of cryptocurrency is being able to
           | self-custody tokens of value
           | 
           | Like dollars under my mattress? Sure, self-custody can be
           | useful sometimes. But (almost) anyone with substantial
           | quantities of "tokens of value" generally appreciates that
           | delegating custody of them to a (regulated and insured)
           | institution provides a lot of both convenience _and_
           | protection that 's difficult to replicate with "self-
           | custody".
        
         | pclmulqdq wrote:
         | This is the downright civilized version of what happens in the
         | financial wild west. SBF will likely keep possession of his
         | entrails and his head.
        
         | [deleted]
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | everfree wrote:
         | I don't see why crypto is incompatible with regulation and
         | institutions. Crypto is a unit of account, not some magical
         | lawless thing that's doomed to never have a regulation written
         | about it. In fact, places like New York already have pretty
         | strict regulations requiring specific licenses for crypto-
         | related businesses.
         | 
         | Crypto crises like these are in general due to regulation not
         | having caught up yet, not because companies that involve crypto
         | are inherently un-regulatable. Crypto is speed-running banking
         | regulation over again. It's an ugly process, but the end result
         | will be crypto institutions that are strictly regulated like
         | banks (and/or existing banks will start to handle crypto just
         | like they do any other foreign currency balance).
         | 
         | As for the current state of things, FTX is (was) a Bahamas
         | company not subject to the financial oversight of the general
         | western world. The public would generally hesitate to wire
         | large amounts of money off to some company in the Bahamas, but
         | when it's crypto, people don't think twice about it for some
         | reason. After the FTX blow-up, perhaps more people will. It's
         | hard to prevent people from wiring money off to a company in
         | some other country that has much looser financial regulations,
         | but that's not a crypto problem, it's a financial education
         | problem.
        
           | hotcoffeebear wrote:
           | What you regulate; cryptocurrency exchanges, cryptocurrencies
           | or decentralized exchanges?
        
             | everfree wrote:
             | Companies, of course.
             | 
             | Edit: Businesses, more specifically.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | So I could become a trusted individual and handle
               | hundreds of millions of dollars in transactions through
               | my homegrown exchange (read: I cloned a git repository)
               | and I will not be regulated because I'm not a company?
               | 
               | Sounds like a solid plan.
        
               | everfree wrote:
               | Buying and selling property is a tricky thing, legally.
               | 
               | To buy and sell cars in a personal capacity, you don't
               | need a license. But if you run a business with the intent
               | of making a profit by buying and selling cars to other
               | individuals, that's illegal to do without a licensed
               | corporation.
               | 
               | To buy and sell gold in a personal capacity, you don't
               | need a license. But if you run a business with the intent
               | of making a profit by buying and selling gold to other
               | individuals, that's illegal to do without a licensed
               | corporation.
               | 
               | It all comes down to whether the government deems
               | something to be a personal activity or a business
               | activity. Handling hundreds of millions of dollars worth
               | of trades may well be considered a personal activity, if
               | you're rich and making a series of OTC trades with a
               | friend. But if you're attracting a diverse customer base
               | and making a business out of it, that's when regulations
               | apply.
               | 
               | A great example of the murkiness of this distinction was
               | the crackdown on localbitcoins. It wasn't the people
               | doing one-off personal trades who got in trouble, it was
               | the people profiting off of volume, doing many trades and
               | capturing the spread. The people who traded with several
               | counterparties, but maybe not enough to be considered a
               | business - well, that's where the gray area lies and
               | personally, I am not a big fan of that gray area.
        
               | landemva wrote:
               | > if you run a business with the intent of making a
               | profit by buying and selling gold to other individuals,
               | that's illegal to do without a licensed corporation.
               | 
               | Do you have a USA reference for this belief? From my
               | experience and knowledge that claim is not true.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Crypto is naturally globally networked. What jurisdiction
           | could it be in?
        
             | martin8412 wrote:
             | Banking is largely globally networked as well, at least in
             | the West.
        
             | everfree wrote:
             | The internet is also naturally globally networked, and it's
             | regulated in _every_ jurisdiction.
             | 
             | When a packet hops from one country to another, it's bound
             | by a different set of laws. Same thing with an
             | international financial transaction, crypto or otherwise.
        
           | UncleEntity wrote:
           | > As for the current state of things, FTX is (was) a Bahamas
           | company not subject to the financial oversight of the general
           | western world.
           | 
           | The headline says filing for US bankruptcy so I'm assuming
           | they have some US based entity -- which as of yesterday was
           | perfectly solvent because the accounts weren't commingled.
           | 
           | So one would presume (without actually reading TFA) that they
           | are indeed subject to US financial oversight and have some
           | explaining to do to the people in charge of those sorts of
           | things.
        
           | bwestergard wrote:
           | Why bother with proof of work or proof of stake mechanisms if
           | you want political regulation? In that case, you might as
           | well empower a state's central bank to develop a payment
           | mechanism, and task them with ensuring fairness and enforcing
           | laws around taxes, illegal activity, etc.
        
             | everfree wrote:
             | You're right in that if all we wanted was a domestic
             | payment network, blockchain consensus mechanisms would be
             | overkill and introduce unneeded overhead. Personally, I'm
             | excited about the FedNow payment service coming online in
             | the USA next year. Perhaps I'll finally be able to easily
             | send money from bank to bank without involving third party
             | fintechs like PayPal and Venmo, and without waiting a day
             | or two for ACH.
             | 
             | However, crypto is useful because it standardizes behavior
             | across regulatory boundaries, and because it creates a
             | stateless unit of account.
             | 
             | Standardizing behavior across regulatory boundaries means
             | that crypto "just works" to send value from one country to
             | another, without needing cross-border intermediary
             | companies that support your specific country pair to
             | convert things between currencies/systems.
             | 
             | The stateless unit of account part is perhaps more
             | interesting to me, though. Before crypto, there were no
             | digital representations of value independent from state. No
             | country has the power to hyperinflate crypto, and there
             | doesn't seem to be a clear path to be able to accomplish a
             | unit of account like that through traditional political
             | means. The closest thing we have to that is the Euro, but
             | it doesn't tick all the boxes.
             | 
             | Is a stateless unit of account good, or better than
             | traditional government currencies? I'm honestly not sure.
             | It does have some drawbacks in terms of the ability to use
             | monetary policy to loosen and tighten markets. But it's an
             | interesting enough concept that I would say it's worth it
             | to "bother" with blockchain consensus technology.
        
               | bwestergard wrote:
               | We can have an international unit of account through,
               | e.g. Special Drawing Rights. This makes plain the
               | political bargains struck to ensure international
               | economic stability. Crypto alternatives would have the
               | same political valence as a return to the gold standard,
               | which was abandoned to avoid the crisis potentials
               | peculiar to it.
               | 
               | The most influential statement of your proposal is
               | Hayek's article "Choice in Currency: A Way To Stop
               | Inflation"[1] which he later expanded on in
               | "Denationalisation of Money".
               | 
               | Hayek's views have an admirable internal consistency, but
               | his political premises are contrary to the core values of
               | almost every pre-industrial society, and of the social
               | democratic tradition in Europe which has been
               | internationally influential.
               | 
               | Very few people understand the full scope of Hayek's
               | political vision, which is premised on a thoroughgoing
               | skepticism toward the very possibility of rational
               | democratic deliberation. If they fully understood his
               | proposal's implications, I doubt they'd support them; but
               | certainly there are some who are willing to fully own
               | their anti-democratic implications.
               | 
               | 1: https://iea.org.uk/publications/research/choice-in-
               | currency-...
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | Well, I mean...that's the thing. There really _isn 't_ much
             | point to crypto once it's regulated the same way as
             | traditional finance...and there's no world where that
             | wasn't eventually going to be the case.
        
             | santoshalper wrote:
             | Wouldn't that be crazy!?
        
           | lazide wrote:
           | Crypto is incompatible with regulation and institutions
           | because it was designed to be, and is consistently a part of
           | the ethos espoused by pretty much all crypto players?
           | 
           | Literally, the first sentence in the Bitcoin whitepaper
           | (which arguably kicked off 'crypto' as a thing) is "A purely
           | peer-to-peer version of electronic cash would allow online
           | payments to be sent directly from one party to another
           | without going through a financial institution".
           | 
           | [https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf]
           | 
           | I mean, seriously?
        
             | thewataccount wrote:
             | The network was designed not to be regulatable. Businesses
             | however are regulatable.
             | 
             | The US has shown they can effectively enforce AML/KYC
             | requirements across the vast majority of exchanges and
             | businesses. Any exchange the average person tries to use to
             | buy crypto will request your ID to do any meaningful
             | transaction.
             | 
             | Granted, there are exchanges you can use a VPN and access
             | without KYC, and while it is difficult to manage billions
             | of dollars in the dark, it's certainly possible. But they
             | can regulate the vast majority that any regular user will
             | find, and have shown they're willing to OFAC others.
             | 
             | It is not going to be long before regulations are
             | increased, and some exchanges/services will be known to be
             | subject to them - and will likely lean on that as a selling
             | point. The others will only be accessible to those going
             | out of their way to use them.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Sure, but that's building a giant industry around the
               | tech to make it explicitly NOT what it was designed to
               | be, or what the ethos has been - secure, point to point
               | electronic cash with no one telling you who you can
               | transact with or what you can spend it on. Aka electronic
               | cash.
               | 
               | No one needs a pile of paperwork to prove to the gov't
               | who they are to spend or get paid cash.
               | 
               | No one needs to be on a list, and have their every
               | transaction double checked to make sure it's with a
               | validated counterparty to pay in or get paid cash.
               | 
               | Etc.
               | 
               | At that point, it's literally cheaper, easier, and safer
               | to just use a normal bank.
               | 
               | Which is I guess the point.
        
               | thewataccount wrote:
               | > Sure, but that's building a giant industry around the
               | tech to make it explicitly NOT what it was designed to
               | be, > No one needs a pile of paperwork to prove to the
               | gov't who they are to spend or get paid cash.
               | 
               | To be clear there's different types of regulations, some
               | we/I personally agree with more than others.
               | 
               | Personally, I agree with you that kyc/aml laws are over
               | the top. I think privacy and money laundering are two
               | things people often conflate, and that privacy is
               | something we should want. (Side tangent - the majority of
               | crypto was not really designed for anonymity or privacy,
               | although that's a whole different topic). People claiming
               | "crypto is just for money laundering" as a reason it's
               | bad should be applying the same logic to physical cash.
               | 
               | What I'm particularly interested in is regulations around
               | the big exchanges to prevent them from putting all of
               | their clients money somewhere stupid, losing it all, and
               | go illiquid.
               | 
               | > At that point, it's literally cheaper, easier, and
               | safer to just use a normal bank.
               | 
               | I mean yes, an FDIC insured bank is absolutely safer than
               | an unregulated crypto exchange. This is the exact reason
               | why the phrase "not your keys, not your coins" exists,
               | and why everyone says you shouldn't keep your keys on an
               | exchange. Done properly, a crypto wallet should be safer
               | than a bank provided you can assure physical safety and
               | redundancy of your keys.
               | 
               | Part of the problem IMO is that crypto became this "get
               | rich quick" thing - with "exchanges" advertising double
               | digit returns, people using NFTs for art for some reason,
               | etc. I think the technology has uses, but this "get rich
               | quick" bs has been a massive hinderance. I really think
               | this "the point of crypto is to make money" mentality is
               | missing the actual use of it.
               | 
               | tl;dr - a properly used crypto wallet should be safer
               | then a FDIC bank, an FDIC bank is faaar safer then a
               | crypto exchange, there could be more regulation on just
               | the exchanges, and aml/kyc laws are a seperate type of
               | regulation - I was just using these as an example of the
               | US government successfully regulating exchanges.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Well, one issue is it's pretty hard to make money being a
               | responsible custodian of cash, electronic or otherwise.
               | It fundamentally doesn't earn interest just sitting
               | there, it's a tempting target for thieves so you have to
               | go through a lot of effort to protect it, etc. that's
               | true even if you're just an exchange, and you only hold
               | it for a day.
               | 
               | It's a lot easier to make a lot of money if you steal it,
               | or play games. Most of those are already illegal, no
               | regulators required.
               | 
               | Regulation can help of course, if someone actually comes
               | by and _checks_ that nothing illegal going on. but the
               | type of regulation that comes along with 'have a reliable
               | audit of what you've got every night, or else' also tends
               | to include 'and make sure you don't do business with drug
               | lords and human traffickers', at least in the West.
               | 
               | God help you if you try to fight that last one too.
        
               | szulcseban wrote:
               | Well, you can't mix identity regulations (that only add
               | friction at this point indeed) with securities
               | regulations that organisations should succumb to when
               | dealing with clients' assets.
        
               | startupsfail wrote:
               | Right regulation right now would be to straight ban BTC
               | in Europe because of the energy usage and CO2 emissions .
               | And hopefully California could pass a right act during
               | next elections and join the ban.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | KYC/AML regs are required everywhere that handles my
               | money, at least in the US, near as I can tell.
        
               | PKop wrote:
               | That just means there are powerful forces that can act
               | against "what it was designed to be" for their own
               | interests, whether it's the financial industry,
               | government or both acting together.
               | 
               | It's not about pleading to these entities that they are
               | "doing it wrong". They know this, because this is their
               | way to control it / oppose "doing it right".
        
             | stripedfish7 wrote:
             | I don't understand your point. My grandfather tries to use
             | only cash which allow 'payments to be sent directly from
             | one party to another without going through a financial
             | institution'.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | Cash has serial numbers for traceability, and is emitted
               | by a central bank. That's a big chunk of a financial
               | institution right there. Additionally, if you pay for
               | $50, the state won't give a damn, because it's $50. Pay a
               | company $10k in cash and every alarm will go off and the
               | transaction will have to be notified to a financial
               | institution. Tracfin in Europe for example, etc.
               | 
               | So, no, cash isn't entirely separated from financial
               | institutions.
        
               | biztos wrote:
               | > Pay a company $10k in cash
               | 
               | Do you mean _bank transfer?_
               | 
               | Let's say I buy a legal widget for $10K and I pay cash
               | and I don't plan to treat it as a business expense. On my
               | side, I'm done, and any alarm that might be invoked is
               | the problem of the seller, and probably dependent on
               | their compliance with weakly enforced regulations.
               | 
               | For some classes of widget I might want a receipt, but
               | definitely not for all. You can easily spend that much on
               | a birthday dinner with your friends, if that's your
               | thing.
               | 
               | I don't think anybody is arguing that cash is "entirely
               | separated from financial institutions" but -- even above
               | $10K -- it allows for the possibility (not the guarantee)
               | of transaction privacy.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | That reminds me of the excellent Econtalk episode: _Devon
               | Zuegel on Inflation, Argentina, and Crypto_
               | 
               |  _Devon Zuegel talks with EconTalk host Russ Roberts
               | about the crazy world of money and finance in Argentina.
               | When inflation is often high and unpredictable, people
               | look for unusual ways to hold their savings. And when
               | banks are unreliable because of public policy, people
               | look for unusual ways to keep their savings safe and to
               | make financial transactions. Welcome to Argentina, where
               | Zuegel finds surprising applications of cryptocurrency
               | for solving problems._
               | 
               | https://www.econtalk.org/devon-zuegel-on-inflation-
               | argentina...
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | I didn't say cash didn't require institutions somewhere.
               | Cash creation (physical), and cash into and out of the
               | system requires institutions.
               | 
               | Cash transactions do not, so _spending_ , _receiving_ ,
               | and if one is crazy _storage_ can be done without
               | institutions.
               | 
               | That hypothetical $10k transaction for instance only sets
               | alarm bells off if it's an abnormal transaction for an
               | individual account.
               | 
               | Someone doing a cash business is going to do stuff like
               | that so much, it's a drop in the bucket and no one cares.
               | Coin shops, check cashing places, certain types of
               | convenience stores and restaurants, etc.
               | 
               | If they manage the cash themselves instead of a cash
               | drop, such as if they are a dispensary and are unbanked,
               | a given dollar bill can circulate a very long time before
               | touching a bank, depending on which parts of the economy
               | it touches.
               | 
               | The reality is it isn't super hard to launder funds
               | apparently, so it ends up back in a bank somewhere soon,
               | but with the intermediary transactions hidden.
        
               | WontGetFooled wrote:
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | And that is arguably the simplest explanation of what
               | bitcoin is: digital cash.
        
               | brk wrote:
               | Which by definition is fundamentally impossible to do
               | transfers without a middle man of some kind.
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | Bitcoin has no middleman.
        
               | brk wrote:
               | How you can transfer bitcoin between exactly two people
               | with zero outside involvement from other entities? I
               | suppose you might be able to have a bunch of pre-filled
               | wallets of various amounts that you can transfer via
               | thumb drive, but in a practical sense your transaction is
               | going over various networks and through other machines.
        
               | salawat wrote:
               | Cash doesn't announce your balance to the world...
        
               | codehalo wrote:
               | Transaction broadcast is not the problem. Censorship is.
               | However, if you want privacy, use Monero.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | It's a problem if you don't want to have to worry about
               | some third party deciding post-facto to come after you
               | for the transaction!
               | 
               | And since it's global, that third party could even be
               | some foreign gov't or entrepreneurial individual.
        
               | stripedfish7 wrote:
               | Can you elaborate? When I give a cash payment to the
               | babysitter, who is the middleman?
        
               | brk wrote:
               | Sorry I meant that comment in the sense of bitcoin not
               | cash.
        
               | codehalo wrote:
               | Who is the middleman in a bitcoin to bitcoin transaction?
        
               | wardedVibe wrote:
               | That's monero. Because it's deflationary and has a
               | completely open record of transactions, Bitcoin is
               | digital gold.
        
               | sgt101 wrote:
               | Hang on, when did gold come with a transaction record?
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | I was talking about bitcoin as a reference class for
               | digital currencies, as opposed to Apple Cash balances or
               | whatever.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Which every financial institution and western government
               | keeps trying to get rid of because it is essentially
               | impossible to regulate or police?
               | 
               | And which cops have a nasty tendency to seize on sight in
               | the US if seen in any significant quantity (outside of an
               | armored car) because 'proceeds of crime'?
               | 
               | And pretty much every drug transaction, illegal sexual
               | transaction, whatever is done in cash? To the point most
               | major crime shows and drama shows have scenes involving
               | some massive pile or duffel bags or whatever of cash as a
               | plot point?
               | 
               | Cash on the barrel head is the textbook definition of
               | 'difficult to regulate'.
               | 
               | Also, most people buying person to person used cars and
               | doing yard sale transactions use it too, of course.
               | 
               | It's not a requirement that Cash transactions involve a
               | crime at all. Same with crypto.
               | 
               | If your transaction is illegal though, using Venmo seems
               | pretty dumb.
        
               | biztos wrote:
               | > ...and western government keeps trying to get rid of...
               | 
               | But then there's China, right?[0] And arguably India?[1]
               | 
               | I agree with your larger point, but I don't think it's
               | "western" per se to dream of the surveillance state
               | knowing our every spend.
               | 
               | [0]:
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/27/technology/alipay-
               | china.h...
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Indian_banknote_d
               | emonetis...
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | For sure, but I wasn't familiar enough with their efforts
               | to say how vigorously or effectively they have been
               | pursuing it.
               | 
               | Thanks for the links!
        
             | iskander wrote:
             | That's the underlying payment network, but a whole
             | "industry" of institutions have grown on top of it. Those
             | can be regulated.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Sure. The problem I've seen is there is zero value add
               | (and significant costs and value loss) when that happens
               | over a normal bank.
        
             | ManuelKiessling wrote:
             | I can pay you in cash without going through a financial
             | institution. That doesn't make the Euro unregulated.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | It makes spending Euros defacto unregulated, no?
               | 
               | Or do you have to fill out a slip and get audited for
               | every transaction?
        
             | potatototoo99 wrote:
             | Modern crypto has little to do with bitcoin.
             | 
             | Bitcoin was about digital money, out of the reach of
             | central banks as a response to the 2008's financial crisis.
             | 
             | Modern crypto is about trying to convince others your
             | altcoin has some intrinsic value by selling rumours,
             | partnerships, governance or some other vaporous dream, so
             | it can be used for gambling.
             | 
             | The problem are central exchanges creating monstrous
             | speculation instruments and of course gambling with user
             | funds on top of it by lack of regulation.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | They all use it as support in their value prop, and try
               | to claim some association, near as I can tell.
               | 
               | But yeah, it's mostly semi-transparent grifts, and has
               | been for awhile.
        
           | Lonestar1440 wrote:
           | Once you accept the necessity of middlemen, known
           | counterparties, and regulators; what's the point of Crypto?
        
             | adastra22 wrote:
             | Businesses operating as custodians should be subject to all
             | the usual banking regulations. They are holding other
             | people's money.
             | 
             | But that's not crypto, that's just a crypto-related
             | service.
        
             | dlubarov wrote:
             | Regulated exchanges are just onramps; once the user takes
             | custody of their funds they become free to transact without
             | middlemen.
        
         | SevenNation wrote:
         | This post conveniently ignores the long line of 20th and 21st
         | century banking and finance disasters, which occurred under the
         | watchful eye of Congressionally appointed regulators.
         | 
         | One could also argue that the presence of regulators and
         | regulation _creates_ the very problem it tries to solve through
         | moral hazard.
         | 
         | As long as there are schmucks with dollar signs in their eyes
         | and little patience to read history, these disasters will
         | continue - with or without regulation.
        
         | RobRivera wrote:
         | maybe the real true value of crypto was the frens we made along
         | the way
        
         | socrates1024 wrote:
         | Why would this prove the necessity of regulations? This
         | occurred within the realm of regulations, not in the wild west.
         | FTX.US is a regulated entity in the US, and FTX Intl wasn't
         | available to US customers. Doesn't this prove that calamity
         | happens even despite the regulations
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | So what happens to crypto now?
         | 
         | A reasonably likely possibility is that the SEC starts sending
         | letters to every issuer and exchange that sells to US persons.
         | If you're an issuer, you have to register as a security or get
         | a no-action letter that says yours is a utility token. If
         | you're an exchange or a broker, you have to register as an
         | exchange or a broker. Sign up for FINRA regulation and pay SIPC
         | premiums. They did that to ICO issuers back in 2017, which is
         | why you don't see many ICOs any more. NFTs were a workaround
         | for that, but the SEC has been saying that bulk NFT issues and
         | fractional NFTs are probably securities.
         | 
         | The SEC has been reluctant to do this, partly because they were
         | still litigating over whether crypto issues are securities, and
         | partly due to political pressure. Last week, the SEC won _SEC
         | vs. LBRY_ with a decision that crypto is almost always a
         | security. Much of the political pressure came from FTX, which
         | is now a political liability. FTX donated to both Republicans
         | and Democrats. Now, on Capitol Hill, key committee leaders from
         | both parties are against them.[1] The SEC is now ready to
         | act.[2]
         | 
         | The crypto industry sees regulation coming and is freaking out.
         | It's not that filing an S-1 is that hard. It's that you have to
         | give all the info crypto issuers like to hide, such as where
         | the money is going, the business plan, and who's running the
         | thing. Under penalty of perjury.
         | 
         | (I want to see an S-1 for Yuga Labs (Bored Ape Yacht Club /
         | Otherside). They raised $400 million, printed some pictures,
         | and threw some raves. That could be the most fun S-1 to read
         | since BOYSTOYS.COM did an IPO for a strip club.)
         | 
         | There are fewer offshore havens available. China pulled the
         | plug on crypto mining. (Literally. Power was cut to crypto
         | mines.) Cyprus cracked down. Japan, post Mt. Gox, licenses and
         | regulates crypto exchanges. Bahaman regulators were about to
         | take FTX into liquidation. Cyprus cracked down after the binary
         | option debacle. There's still Bulgaria.
         | 
         | What will be left after all the sketchy operators are shut
         | down?
         | 
         | [1] https://www.cnbc.com/2022/11/11/crypto-meltdown-
         | washington-t...
         | 
         | [2] https://finance.yahoo.com/news/sec-chair-gensler-slams-
         | non-1...
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | Crypto seems like the kind of risky/novel investment the
           | accredited investor program was designed for.
           | 
           | Of course that would kill crypto.
           | 
           | In general I'm glad the government let the experiment be run.
           | I was not one of the people saying crypto should be banned,
           | and I'm still not. But at this point I think it should be
           | regulated, for the same reason most other investments are.
        
           | olalonde wrote:
           | > It's not that filing an S-1 is that hard.
           | 
           | Doesn't it cost 200K$+ in attorney fees?
        
             | Animats wrote:
             | The actual filing fee is $110.20 per $1,000,000 raised.
             | 
             | How much it costs to draft depends on how convoluted your
             | financial structure is.
        
         | sangnoir wrote:
         | > This has been a wonderful social experiment, enabling people
         | who didn't live in the 19th century to see what happens when
         | banking and investing is treated like the wild west.
         | 
         | The only difference is that the bank-analogs do not get to face
         | era-appropriate "frontier justice", but instead get to hide
         | under the skirts of 20th century bankruptcy laws.
        
         | dsco wrote:
         | Institutions funded FTX - what are you on about with your very
         | wordy but empty post?
        
         | xxEightyxx wrote:
        
           | dang wrote:
           | > What a wonderfully ignorant statement to make.
           | 
           | Can you please make your substantive points without personal
           | attacks or name-calling? Your comment would be fine without
           | this bit.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | 127 wrote:
         | Bitcoin is neither banking or investing. It's a decentralized
         | ledger.
         | 
         | I for one am not very excited to continue using the legacy
         | systems with countless of middle men and entrenched rent
         | seekers to extract the maximum they can out of the completely
         | legal trades I do with other consenting individuals.
        
         | Mortiffer wrote:
         | FTX was a centralized exchange. Those who believe in trying to
         | build an alternative financial system did not use centralized
         | exchanges except perhaps for on-ramp off-ramp. Uniswap among
         | others has been stable with very audited open code that
         | prevents anyone from doing what FTX did.
         | 
         | Just want to remind ppl to not put them in the same bucket.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | You're always going to need a centralized ramp to convert
           | crypto to fiat though. If everyone thinks they're scams
           | crypto has a big problem.
        
             | dist1ll wrote:
             | Yeah, but the conversion happens very quickly. Deposit,
             | trade, withdraw.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, people leave tons of money on exchanges, for
             | long periods of time. That's the problem. That's what the
             | majority of exchange users are doing.
        
               | ahallock wrote:
               | I believe BlockFi had all their assets on FTX
        
               | thwayunion wrote:
               | Without greater fools in sufficient quantity,
               | cryptocurrency loses its speculative use-case. You won't
               | get greater fools in sufficient quantity without
               | centralized exchanges where people hold their funds.
        
               | dist1ll wrote:
               | Great, we don't need speculation in crypto. We need
               | people taking a chance on the technology, and empower
               | democratization of finance.
        
               | stouset wrote:
               | People leave money on exchanges because the alternatives
               | are _worse_. They 're almost as dangerous (if not more
               | so): how many people have lost millions or billions due
               | to malware, forgotten passwords, failed hard drives,
               | death of the owner and inability to transfer that wealth
               | to their heirs, etc.?
               | 
               | All of these problems are solvable with ludicrous levels
               | of complication and confusion, and the average person
               | doesn't even realize they need to take these sorts of
               | measures until they've irrecoverably lost everything.
        
               | dist1ll wrote:
               | Do you think it's a good thing that we as a society are
               | collectively extremely ignorant about how money works?
               | 
               | Don't you think that maybe people should start becoming
               | more educated about how our economy runs? Or what
               | protects their assets?
               | 
               | Don't you think someone with millions of dollars to lose
               | should take some responsibility and become informed about
               | how to protect them?
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | > Don't you think someone with millions of dollars to
               | lose should take some responsibility and become informed
               | about how to protect them?
               | 
               | I really just think that if someone thinks an institution
               | might disappear with their money they won't use the
               | institution. If the alternative is too much of a hassle,
               | or also seems like it could lead to loses then people
               | will just not use crypto.
        
               | kyleplum wrote:
               | You could replace "money" with any specific area of human
               | expertise. I don't need to fully understand how my body
               | works because my doctor does. I don't need to fully
               | understand how my car works because my mechanic does. I
               | don't need to know how to build my home because my
               | contractors know.
               | 
               | The information is available to those who are interested
               | or want to further that area of human expertise, but the
               | collective knowledge of humanity is too great for all of
               | us to know everything. That's why we pay (mostly)
               | regulated experts to handle these things for us.
        
               | dist1ll wrote:
               | (1) Knowing how to use crypto safely is hardly
               | "expertise". It's something that can be learned quite
               | quickly from experts.
               | 
               | (2) Having a general idea of many areas in life is
               | important for a functioning society and becoming a
               | healthy human being.
               | 
               | I really dislike this narrative that we must not think
               | for ourselves. Always delegate. Always leave it to the
               | experts. I see the same anti-intellectual sentiment in
               | programming communities.
               | 
               | - Don't write assembly, compilers are smarter than you.
               | 
               | - Don't think about building your own networking stack.
               | It's too complicated.
               | 
               | - Don't write your own OS. Do you think you can
               | outperform Linux? Lol
        
             | WontGetFooled wrote:
        
         | null0pointer wrote:
         | This is pretty clearly not a failure of cryptocurrency. Bitcoin
         | et al. are still chugging along just fine. This is, once again,
         | a failure of a centralized business in which people placed way
         | too much trust. I hope SBF, and other "crypto" company execs,
         | are held accountable for misleading customers about their
         | offerings. Specifically calling it crypto when it's not.
        
           | dist1ll wrote:
           | That's what people don't get. FTX' spectacular failure is
           | literally an advertisement for decentralization.
        
             | mlinhares wrote:
             | The "no true Scotsman" is such an old and failed defense
             | for crypto. Not even the believers believe in it anymore.
        
               | zeroclip wrote:
               | What? FTX is a centralized custodian. It is in
               | competition with DeFi protocols.
        
           | VHRanger wrote:
           | Bitcoin failed, though?
           | 
           | All the proposed usecases except speculation and censorship
           | resistant wealth transfers (eg. getting money out of Russia)
           | have been abandoned.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | bogota wrote:
             | I used bitcoin to remit money to another country just
             | yesterday.
        
               | martin8412 wrote:
               | I sent EUR from one bank account in country X to another
               | bank account in country Y the other day. It arrived in
               | five seconds and it cost me less than 1 EUR to transfer
               | 2k EUR.
        
               | bogota wrote:
               | I have also done that. Congrats. Some places it's easier
               | to move money with bitcoin as even though i can send
               | money directly they have tons of limitations in place
               | around amount that you can send that is very low.
               | 
               | Just because you haven't found crypto helpful doesn't
               | mean it doesn't have use cases.
        
               | martin8412 wrote:
               | Well yea, the main use case is crime. You've just
               | admitted to committing a crime.
        
               | dlubarov wrote:
               | Surely we can think of other reasons they might want to
               | avoid TradFi?
               | 
               | Maybe the payment is related to, say, Cannabis, so
               | companies like Wise would refuse to facilitate it [1],
               | legal or not.
               | 
               | Or perhaps they've heard the stories of PayPal seizing
               | funds with no explanation or recourse (e.g. [2]), and
               | don't want to roll the dice on that.
               | 
               | Maybe they want to exchange currency at the actual market
               | rate, rather than PayPal's 3-4% spread.
               | 
               | Or they might not want to wait forever for a two-sided
               | ACH transfer (usually the cheapest option with e.g.
               | Wise), or pay wire fees and _still_ have to wait until
               | Monday morning before a US bank will consider processing
               | the transfer.
               | 
               | [1] https://wise.com/acceptable-use-policy
               | 
               | [2] https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2022/01/paypal-
               | stole-use...
        
               | ZephyrBlu wrote:
               | I'm assuming this was in the EU and you weren't
               | exchanging currencies?
        
               | martin8412 wrote:
               | Correct.
        
               | deltree7 wrote:
               | While losing a ton of money during this process
        
               | bogota wrote:
        
               | airstrike wrote:
               | I used PayPal to remit money to another country just
               | yesterday
        
               | bogota wrote:
        
               | UncleEntity wrote:
               | I used the app my internet only bank made to send money
               | to buy a house for cash a few months back, pretty sure
               | bitcoin wasn't an option.
        
               | bogota wrote:
               | You can buy houses for bitcoin in some places but im
               | really not arguing that bitcoin is the best money to use
               | for every day. I responded to a person who said it had no
               | use case. I use bitcoin multiple times a year for
               | transactions where it works better. And i happened to do
               | that yesterday.
               | 
               | It's crazy how stupid HN becomes at the word crypto.
               | 
               | "A non binary view about crypto omgzzz can't compute!!!"
        
               | notyourday wrote:
               | No, you are not buying houses for bitcoins. You are using
               | bitcoins that are converted to the currency the house is
               | quoted at and if the amount is greater than the contract
               | price you get the house.
               | 
               | It is no different from saying "In some places I can buy
               | houses with cocaine". Sure, if the buyer thinks they can
               | immediately offload cocaine for cash, the buyer might
               | take it. That does not mean that the house is sold for
               | cocaine.
        
             | clemensley wrote:
             | I pay all salaries in Bitcoin. Way faster, cheaper, easier
             | than fiat.
        
           | scoofy wrote:
           | This is good for Bitcoin.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | 1. BTC has cratered 20% in the past couple days. I know, par
           | for the course for crypto, but also a good example of why it
           | doesn't share standard features of real currencies.
           | 
           | 2. All the "not your keys, not your coins" mindless chanting
           | misses the point. While true, a modern financial system
           | depends on being able to have trust in financial institutions
           | if you actually need to move money quickly. Years ago I
           | _went_ the  "move everything to cold storage" route, and it
           | was a major pain in the ass, not to mention slow and
           | expensive every time you needed to move to an exchange to
           | trade or convert to fiat. It's the equivalent of stuffing
           | your money under your mattress - valid for emergency
           | situations, but not for a currency you actually want to
           | transact in.
           | 
           | Oh, and the reason hardly anyone actually stuffs money under
           | their mattress any more is that we've built up institutions
           | (e.g. FDIC insurance, SIPC insurance, and the associated
           | regulations to provide this insurance) to reliably protect
           | depositors.
        
             | naasking wrote:
             | > 1. BTC has cratered 20% in the past couple days. I know,
             | par for the course for crypto, but also a good example of
             | why it doesn't share standard features of real currencies.
             | 
             | Currencies tanking is not uncommon either. I'm not sure
             | what you think this proves exactly.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | Major fiat currencies tanking 20% in a matter of hours
               | _is_ extremely uncommon, that 's my whole point. In the
               | forex world moving a percent or two in a single day is
               | considered a major, major move. In the land of crypto
               | that's standard lunchtime volatility.
        
             | wmf wrote:
             | Cold storage is kind of an old concept. Now there are
             | multisig variants and tools like Fireblocks to allow active
             | trading without being immediately hacked.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Cryptocurrency failed to be fast enough to support
           | sophisticated DEXes. This failure created the need for FTX.
        
           | mzs wrote:
           | Bitcoins is not fine. It is down roughly 75% over this year.
        
           | lokar wrote:
           | I think you missed the point. It's about saying "this is
           | different, the rules don't apply and we can do whatever we
           | like"
           | 
           | The actual tech is sort of irrelevant, it's the hubris and
           | exceptionalism
        
         | themihai wrote:
         | 2008 was not 19th century though.
        
         | barkingcat wrote:
         | even the idea of "declaring bankruptcy" is a modern regulated
         | construct.
         | 
         | In medieval times, if you "declare bankruptcy" your family and
         | dependents get sold into slavery and your wife is sold off to
         | the highest bidder who will buy your debt.
         | 
         | In many previous times, if you couldn't pay debts you'd just be
         | killed.
        
           | lazide wrote:
           | Well, those 'previous times' where you just got killed ran
           | concurrent too those slavery times. And if you borrow money
           | from the wrong people today, it can still happen.
        
           | spaceman_2020 wrote:
           | They literally had debtor's prisons when Charles Dickins was
           | still writing!
        
           | jrumbut wrote:
           | This idea of auctioning off someone's wife seemed (seems)
           | unlikely to me in a medieval European context (since divorce
           | was hard to come by).
           | 
           | What I found was actually weirder:
           | 
           | > In medieval Italy and southern France, it was common for
           | the cedens to stand nude but for his shirt and strike a stone
           | with his posterior ('vituperii lapis') while declaring 'cedo
           | bonis'." The patent purpose of this ceremony was as much to
           | satisfy the anger and frustration of creditors as to
           | publicize the debtor's bankruptcy.
           | 
           | http://www.mgh-bibliothek.de/dokumente/b/b071148.pdf
        
             | santoshalper wrote:
             | The medieval version of "I Declare Bankruptcy!!!"
        
       | wly_cdgr wrote:
       | The filing speaks for itself
        
         | wly_cdgr wrote:
         | (FTX sponsored the chess tournament where Hans Niemann said
         | "the chess speaks for itself" after winning the first game of
         | his match against Magnus - and before promptly losing the
         | remaining three)
        
       | indigodaddy wrote:
       | Dumb question, but what happens to stuff like Miami Heat's FTX
       | Arena etc in situations like this? Should we expect a name change
       | for the arena at some point soon?
        
         | theideaofcoffee wrote:
         | I also think this is an interesting question. Coming from a lay
         | person I'd imagine it would remain with that name until the
         | contract is up for renewal. Depending on how the naming deal
         | was structured, the money to do the deal would probably have
         | come from FTX' marketing budget in a lump sum up front
         | (presumably) for a fixed number of years. When that's done, the
         | arena will find another source of funds and give the rights
         | anew.
         | 
         | Edit: here's [0][1] some sources that says FTX ponied up $135M
         | for the name to remain through 2040. Your question still
         | stands, will that name stay even if the organization that has
         | the name doesn't exist or is circling the drain? All depends on
         | the terms of the contract, I guess.
         | 
         | [0] https://www.local10.com/news/local/2021/03/27/nba-still-
         | need...
         | 
         | [1] https://www.cbsnews.com/miami/news/its-official-miami-
         | heat-h...
        
           | function_seven wrote:
           | If there's time left on the deal, but the arena would rather
           | not keep the stinky association, can't they sell a new naming
           | rights deal today, and send a portion of the new proceeds
           | from that to FTX?
           | 
           | In a way it would be another asset for the bankruptcy
           | liquidator to disperse.
        
             | enkid wrote:
             | Alternatively, can FTX sell the naming rights (with the
             | approval of the arena)
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | Yeah that makes more sense. They have the asset (rights
               | through 2040). Would be pretty funny if it turns out that
               | these naming rights are the single most valuable asset
               | they own today.
               | 
               | I just looked up a similar situation from 20 years
               | ago[0,1].
               | 
               | [0] https://www.nytimes.com/2002/02/28/sports/baseball-
               | astros-ba...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB1014832920627596080
        
           | indigodaddy wrote:
           | Good info thanks! I had lazily not researched my question yet
           | at all :)
        
           | Brendinooo wrote:
           | A few years ago Consol Energy broke a naming rights deal
           | early; the original deal was $105 million over 21 years, but
           | they were only about 8 years in. The Pittsburgh Penguins
           | found a new partner in PPG Paints pretty quickly. And Consol
           | didn't even go bankrupt!
           | 
           | The Heat will find another partner, and they may or may not
           | try to get money out of the FTX bankruptcy proceedings, but
           | I'm guessing the odds of that aren't super high. Probably
           | more efficient to cut bait and move on.
        
           | pbreit wrote:
           | Unlikely is was paid up front. The news articles say things
           | like "$90m over 19 years". There is also almost certainly
           | terms in the contract relating to the reputation of the
           | advertiser (FTX in this case).
           | 
           | All of this is handled much differently if a party is in
           | bankruptcy (which is the point of bankruptcy).
        
           | sgt101 wrote:
           | The administrators / bankruptcy courts will try and do a deal
           | with the stadium. Something like "we can auction the rights
           | again and we will keep 90% of what we get for them, you can
           | have 10%, so you are 10% up, for nothing"
        
             | pbreit wrote:
             | Very unlikely the bankruptcy court will get to do much
             | beyond terminating the deal.
        
           | rhino369 wrote:
           | >Coming from a lay person I'd imagine it would remain with
           | that name until the contract is up for renewal.
           | 
           | As a lawyer, not a transactional lawyer so this is pretty far
           | outside my expertise, I'd imagine they'd include some
           | provisions for this type of scenario in the agreement. Even
           | if it didn't, the stadiums owners would probably offer FTX
           | some sort of partial refund to give up the naming rights,
           | which they would have to to pay back their creditors. They
           | could even just breach the agreement and offer a settlement.
           | 
           | Eron field got renamed pretty fast. So will this stadium.
        
             | theideaofcoffee wrote:
             | Thank you for those points!
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | dub wrote:
         | It's been half a year since terra/luna crashed but the name
         | lives on at Nationals Park:
         | https://www.mlb.com/nationals/tickets/premium/nightly/terra-...
        
         | AndreLock wrote:
         | The Sacramento Kings' old arena was called the Power Balance
         | Arena in 2011-12. Power Balance went bankrupt in 2011, and the
         | arena naming rights went to Sleep Train the following year.
        
         | __derek__ wrote:
         | Presumably the naming contract isn't pre-paid. It will be
         | renamed.
        
         | georgemcbay wrote:
         | The company probably has the yearly naming rights fee cut into
         | payments. When they miss their next payment, their name will be
         | removed from the arena.
         | 
         | This happened to Adelphia with the Tennessee Titan's arena in
         | 2002. In that situation the stadium was renamed to a generic
         | "The Colosseum" for a few years because they had trouble
         | finding a new naming partner. I suspect they'll have an easier
         | time finding a replacement in this case, but who knows.
        
         | mateo411 wrote:
         | I don't think this is a dumb question. I was also wondering.
         | They had a 19 year deal 135 million naming rights with the
         | Miami Heat, but I'm fairly certain they didn't pay everything
         | up front. Apparently the county owns the arena, so they will be
         | involved.
         | 
         | At least Larry David got paid.
        
           | misiti3780 wrote:
           | how much did they pay him?
        
         | rokhayakebe wrote:
         | Suggestion to remove the first one from your question. It is a
         | good one.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | Two possible outcomes:
         | 
         | - They miss their next payment and the contract is terminated.
         | The arena owners find a new sponsor.
         | 
         | - The naming rights are considered an asset of FTX and are sold
         | off during bankruptcy proceedings to recover cash. The buyer
         | puts their own name on the arena for the rest of the contract
         | term.
         | 
         | Considering naming rights are sold for such lengthy terms (20
         | years in FTX's case) it is incredibly common for companies to
         | go under or get bought out in the middle of it.
        
           | pbreit wrote:
           | Both of those are unlikely. The whole point of bankruptcy is
           | to mitigate things like contract terminations. Further, the
           | bankruptcy court will have little, if any involvement in the
           | eventual sale of the naming rights to a new sponsor.
        
             | paxys wrote:
             | > The whole point of bankruptcy is to mitigate things like
             | contract terminations
             | 
             | Except in this case both parties involved will want the
             | contract to be terminated.
        
       | itslennysfault wrote:
       | Does anyone understand how SBF was able to raise almost $2bn
       | without EVER GIVING UP A BOARD SEAT?!?!
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | So for "normal" financial institutions (eg banks, mutual funds,
       | brokerages) you are legally required to shield custodian assets.
       | They rea typically held in trust. Due to various scandals there's
       | a lot of regulation. There's even government protection (to a
       | point) for individual customers (eg FDIC insurance for bank
       | depositors).
       | 
       | All of this is necessary to stop situations like FTX/Alameda. A
       | bank can't take your money and bet it on blackjack but there
       | seems to be no such protection for these crypto exchanges. All of
       | this is necessary to maintain confidence in the financial system
       | (yet another reason to roll one's eyes at libertarians).
       | 
       | I mention this because it's just another case of crypto lacking
       | protections the non-crypto financial system has and ignoring
       | lessons learned over the last 5000 years of finance.
       | 
       | I saw a comment on HN yesterday where someone in the Navy said
       | that when they get a new CO it'll be one of two types: the first
       | will work out how things work and then incrementally improve
       | things. The second will immediately reshape everything in their
       | image without figuring out why things are the way they are.
       | 
       | I see that trend in management too. But it seems to be a problem
       | with the entire crypto space. Otherwise smart people completely
       | ignorance of the financial systeem just reshaping crypto with no
       | regard for history.
       | 
       | As for SBF, this is a fraud on a massive scale, like Madoff
       | scale. I really wonder what will happen here because what should
       | probably happen is he'd spend the rest of his life in prison.
        
         | krupan wrote:
         | Everything you say is true.
         | 
         | I would like to clarify that the regulations on "the financial
         | system" have probably enabled just as much fraud as they have
         | prevented over the long run. The financial system you speak of
         | is a huge collection of bets and leverage and interesting
         | interpretations of the truth ("why yes, your money is 'safe'
         | with us!"). The regulations make it work just barely well
         | enough that it only comes crashing down, what, every 10 or 20
         | years now? If instead of adding regulations and saying, "there,
         | now it's totally going to work, put your money back in," I
         | wonder what things would look like if we had instead said,
         | "yup, loaning your money to
         | banks/corporations/governments/individuals is super risky,
         | learn from past mistakes!" ? Maybe people would only risk what
         | they can actually afford to lose and we wouldn't get into these
         | cycles where people get over leveraged, things crash,
         | bankruptcy gets declared, and the poor and middle class foot
         | all the bills. Over and over and over. A libertarian can
         | dream...
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | > loaning your money to
           | banks/corporations/governments/individuals is super risky
           | 
           | This is called a "low trust society". The flip side is of
           | course that nobody will _lend_ you money. Mortgages and
           | consumer credit are scarce. Business credit is difficult.
           | Large amounts of capital need to be tied up in buffers. The
           | overhead of keeping an eye on everyone is considerable. You
           | don 't get "First World" levels of development with a low
           | trust society.
        
             | krupan wrote:
             | I actually really like the idea of not needing to rely on
             | trust so much. Needing to rely on trust is a big problem
             | that Bitcoin solves. There's no single Bitcoin Chair than
             | can tweak the policy or supply of Bitcoin that you have to
             | trust. No congress or president that can change the rules
             | of the Bitcoin game that you have to trust. Bitcoin is
             | impossible to forge, no trust that someone is handing you
             | real money needed. There are no charge backs, payments are
             | fully settled in minutes not days, you don't have to trust
             | that you'll get paid and stay paid. No couriers, no middle
             | men that you you have to trust to not steal your money in
             | transit. If you want to prove to someone that you have the
             | funds for something (like maybe FTX proving to customers
             | they have the funds they said they did), you can sign a
             | message with the private key of your wallet and everyone
             | can verify that you have the funds in that wallet.
             | 
             | Many of the crypto scams that are out there are claiming
             | their coin has these same properties when it doesn't and
             | that's where people at getting burned by "crypto." Yes,
             | regulations could reduce the risk of these frauds
             | happening, but they won't eliminate it. Bitcoin eliminates
             | the risk.
        
       | ransom1538 wrote:
       | Anyone here able to do a tl;dr; for us? The FTX story is super
       | confusing. Why are they screwed? What happened?
        
         | purple_ferret wrote:
         | here's the way I understand it:
         | 
         | -SBF's other pet project Alameda Research suffered huge loses
         | after Luna blew up.
         | 
         | -Alameda Research, a 'backer' of FTX was given billions of FTT
         | tokens that they 'owned' by FTX because they participated in
         | its 'ICO', transferred it FTX, and then used it as collateral
         | to 'borrow' FTX user assets, hoping they could gamble with it
         | and make back their money.
         | 
         | CZ, of Binance, got wind of this somehow, and holding billions
         | of FTT on Binance, decided to tank the price by saying it will
         | all be sold immediately
         | 
         | -SBF gets caught with his pants down
        
           | bogomipz wrote:
           | I'm curious what was the intended utility of their FTT token
           | and ICO? Was the token meant to be a type of equity in the
           | FTX exchange then?
        
         | benjaminwootton wrote:
         | FTX the exchange appear to have lent client funds to Alameda
         | research.
         | 
         | The loans had very poor collateral behind them, meaning that
         | FTX were exposed.
         | 
         | It is not currently clear if or how Alameda lost the $billions
         | of client assets, or if they are just illiquid.
         | 
         | There is noise that the client assets were spent on things like
         | the summer bailouts of defunct crypto firms, but I think we are
         | just speculating at that point.
        
         | gvb wrote:
         | "The FTX-Alameda nexus"
         | https://www.coppolacomment.com/2022/11/the-ftx-alameda-nexus...
         | 
         | Excellent explanation.
         | 
         | Appears to be confirmed by the WSG "FTX Tapped Into Customer
         | Accounts to Fund Risky Bets, Setting Up Its Downfall"
         | 
         | https://archive.ph/nZNmw
         | 
         | Original: https://www.wsj.com/amp/articles/ftx-tapped-into-
         | customer-ac...
        
           | camjohnson26 wrote:
           | From the marketwatch article it sounds like this was
           | essentially a hostile attack from Binance, first dumping the
           | token to collapse the price, then pretending to be interested
           | in an acquisition to keep FTX from looking at other emergency
           | measures, then pulling out at the last minute.
           | 
           | Compare this to traditional finance with events like the
           | collapse of Lehman, then Bear Stearns, with Morgan Stanley
           | next in line to fall. Their competitors stepped in, with a
           | major push from the Fed, to prevent the collapse because they
           | knew it would trigger a domino effect that would crash prices
           | and bring them all down. Binance seems to be doing the exact
           | opposite.
        
             | gvb wrote:
             | Binance triggered the collapse, but the stage was set by
             | FTX/Alameda by "creating its own token" (per "The FTX-
             | Alameda nexus") and "loaning" $10bn to Alameda using their
             | "own created token" as the backing collateral.
             | 
             |  _Of course, there 's a risk that the hedge fund could lose
             | some or all of the customers' funds. And the exchange
             | promises that customers can have their assets back on
             | demand, which could be a trifle problematic if they are
             | locked up in leveraged positions held by the hedge fund.
             | But this is crypto. There's an easy solution._ The exchange
             | can issue its own token to replace the customer assets
             | transferred to the hedge fund. _The exchange will report
             | customer balances in terms of the assets they have
             | deposited,_ but what it will actually hold will be its own
             | token. _If customers request to withdraw their balances,
             | the exchange will sell its own tokens to obtain the
             | necessary assets - after all, crypto assets, like dollars,
             | are fungible._ [ "The FTX-Alameda nexus" - emphasis mine]
        
         | element77 wrote:
         | This is a good read on the story:
         | https://www.marketwatch.com/story/the-26-billion-rise-and-fa...
        
       | sillysaurusx wrote:
       | Does this bankruptcy include FTX US? A bunch of people in
       | yesterday's thread were saying that FTX US is safe, which seemed
       | strange.
        
         | tedunangst wrote:
         | If withdrawals are open, then it seems FTX.us still has all its
         | customers assets and can return them, but will not be able to
         | pay its own bills for hosting, staffing, etc. in the very near
         | term. So yesterdays statement that it wasn't affected by the
         | loss of funds implosion would be accurate, but if the business
         | was reliant on funding from other operations to survive, it can
         | still go bankrupt.
         | 
         | People get all antsy in their pantsy and can't read nuance.
        
           | babyshake wrote:
           | I think people are jumping to conclusions by saying that
           | because FTX.us is included in the filing, all user funds are
           | completely gone. Not to say I blame them for thinking the
           | worst, but we'll probably know more once the dust settles.
        
         | gmays wrote:
         | Yes, it explicitly mentions that FTX US is included:
         | 
         | > FTX Trading Ltd. (d.b.a. FTX.com), announced today that it,
         | West Realm Shires Services Inc. (d.b.a. FTX US), Alameda
         | Research Ltd. and approximately 130 additional affiliated
         | companies (together, the "FTX Group"'), have commenced
         | voluntary proceedings under Chapter 11 of the United States
         | Bankruptcy Code in the District of Delaware in order to begin
         | an orderly process to review and monetize assets for the
         | benefit of all global stakeholders.
         | 
         | Excluded are:
         | 
         | > The following subsidiaries are not included in the Chapter 11
         | proceedings: LedgerX LIC, FTX Digital Markets Ltd., FTX
         | Australia Pty Ltd. and FTX Express Pay Ltd.
        
           | chinathrow wrote:
           | 130 companies? What did they for a living? Collect companies
           | each time a new month began?
        
             | hestefisk wrote:
             | Heard of invoice carousels? It's a thing :)
        
             | dclusin wrote:
             | If a hedge fund trades on an exchange in Singapore they
             | will probably want a corporate structure there for trading
             | and tax purposes. Larger trading operations aren't just
             | clicking sign up on random exchange websites and allowed to
             | start trading billions of dollars. Legal agreements need to
             | be inked, collateral deposited, etc.
        
             | quadcore wrote:
             | Laundering money takes some logistic.
        
             | pavlov wrote:
             | These days owning a crypto exchange is a shell game where
             | you try to hide the funds and liabilities into a chain of
             | companies located in offshore jurisdictions.
             | 
             | Binance does the same but even more extreme -- they don't
             | even tell where their HQ is actually located.
             | 
             | Money launderers and tax evaders have long used these
             | tricks. Those people don't normally get VC capital at $34
             | billion valuations though. The crypto implosion ought to be
             | a massive lesson to the industry.
        
               | CraigRood wrote:
               | I'm really skeptical of Binance, whilst I would never
               | accuse them of anything specific, I have no proof. Their
               | structure, governance and business model combined with
               | their refusal to meet basic regulatory requirements makes
               | me feel uneasy.
        
               | pavlov wrote:
               | Binance is effectively saying "I'm not going to tell you
               | where I am but you should let me manage your money." It
               | takes a special kind of gullibility to accept that, but
               | in the crypto world left has been right and black white
               | for a very long time.
               | 
               | Binance's US subsidiary is just as safe as FTX.US was,
               | despite their claims otherwise. It will fall along with
               | the other dominos.
        
               | tppiotrowski wrote:
               | All day I've been seeing reserve audit posts from all the
               | crypto companies. To me this also screams "Please don't
               | make a run on us or we're screwed"
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Proof of assets is only one half of the solvency equation
               | though.
               | 
               | What are the liabilities and who are they to?
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | Even the assets are questionable -- as Tether's
               | attestation language change shows. They value their
               | assets at what they're worth "in normal market
               | conditions" which is a flashing red light for bank run
               | vulnerability.
        
               | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
               | Exchange is pretty simple business. Customers deposit
               | coins and fiat, trade between them and pay you
               | commissions. If you don't send any of those coins out,
               | there is no risk, no liquidity crunches, no liabilities
               | whatsoever. This guy took customer coins to gamble, and
               | lost. Story as old as Romeo and Julia.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > If you don't send any of those coins out, there is no
               | risk, no liquidity crunches, no liabilities whatsoever.
               | 
               | If you don't send any of those coins out, there are no
               | profits for the exchange operator, either. Look at how
               | Coinbase does everything more-or-less by the book, and
               | barely makes money. Trading fees just don't cut it.
               | 
               | Yet, some fly-by-night exchange incorporated in the
               | Bahamas is offering wild signup bonuses and lower fees
               | and yield that would make Scrooge McDuck blush.
        
               | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
               | Yeah, those trading fees won't support billion dollar
               | IPOs .. investors need to see clear world dominance path.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | where are you seeing any _actual_ audits?
               | 
               | it looks like the usual nonsense of "here's some bank
               | account balances", with no explanation of what
               | liabilities they hold, or how much related party loan
               | crime they have on their books.
        
             | rippercushions wrote:
             | Gaze on the beauty of this chart and despair:
             | 
             | https://i.redd.it/078p4g7m6cz91.jpg
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | Who sets all this up? This just clarifies my perspective
               | that lawyers live in their own little world, totally
               | disconnected from reality.
        
               | MichaelZuo wrote:
               | No wonder their accounting is so messed up.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | It's almost like they asked GPT3 or Dall-e to create "a
               | corporate structure that is so confusing it will be a
               | liability shield to keep my ass out of jail", and then
               | used whatever came out
        
               | B4CKlash wrote:
               | To be fair, any billion-dollar multinational will have an
               | organizational chart that looks very similar to this.
               | Companies like EY exist, almost purely, to create 'tax
               | effective' structures with hybrid debt instruments and
               | service agreements.
        
               | browningstreet wrote:
               | To balance this: I work for a US-based, US-only top N
               | financial institution that's all of <10 corporate
               | entities.
        
               | anomaly_ wrote:
               | Being US only limits your structure options. Start
               | generating some international revenue and you'll see how
               | your entity/structure requirements increase.
        
               | three_seagrass wrote:
               | Same, but it's like 20+ entities.
               | 
               | Anyone working in the CPG space would be 50+.
        
               | LeifCarrotson wrote:
               | I'm impressed that there actually _is_ a chart.
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | My god, it's like the blueprint to a Ponzi scheme
        
               | mensetmanusman wrote:
               | Someone needs to replace calling cards with crypto-
               | currency in this Office skit:
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/lC5lsemxaJo
               | 
               | It fits perfectly
        
               | madamelic wrote:
               | From the Sequoia article on SBF / FTX, it's very likely
               | to be able to trade internationally because each country
               | requires you to have a bank account in that country to be
               | able to access their markets.
               | 
               | In the Sequoia article, SBF gained his initial funding
               | for FTX from executing trades from the US to Japan, where
               | BTC was overpriced because no one bothered to arbitrage
               | it because of the setup difficulty. The way he did this
               | was by contacting a friend to open a bank account in
               | Japan and manage the funding over there while he managed
               | the account US side.
               | 
               | I am sure some of it is normal corporate shell game but
               | I'd imagine at least 50% of this setup was for regulatory
               | purposes. Even small fintechs will have "shell game like"
               | company structure to please regulatory forces that
               | require having certain things be independent from the
               | consumer platform even if the two companies are working
               | towards the same goal.
        
               | cavisne wrote:
               | This guy has major Epstein vibes (minus the girls). comes
               | out of nowhere super politically connected, investing in
               | research, with a pretty dubious origin story of how he
               | got rich.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | That's a major reach.
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | That sounds to me a lot like a cover story to try and
               | convince people there was actually a value-add. I'm
               | skeptical that the barriers were so high they discouraged
               | anyone from seizing essentially free money, but he solved
               | this with a Japanese friend's bank account.
        
               | cma wrote:
               | No one did it for Japan first probably because they have
               | pretty strong criminal liability stuff for securities
               | violations and other financial crimes and don't play the
               | "no fault settlement" game.
        
               | madamelic wrote:
               | It's not illegal to arbitrage but yeah I think what you
               | are pointing at is you have to be regulatory-ily buttoned
               | up for Japan markets vs a more loose market where you
               | don't have to be super careful & can learn as you go.
               | 
               | So SBF having been in finance before (Jane Street), he
               | knew where the footsteps were and how to do it vs a fly-
               | by night crypto investor with no finance background.
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | Supposedly the Japan "subsidiary" (if you can call it
               | that) was set up by a Japanese person and a resident of
               | Japan, who was a contact of SBF through the Effective
               | Altruism thing. I think they knew something was shady,
               | because the account they had opened in Japan was with a
               | small rural Japanese bank.
               | 
               | When that "arbitrage" turned out to be really lucrative
               | one of the founders of Skype (Talinn something) gave SBF
               | a $50 million loan. SBF and that Talinn guy knew each
               | other also from that Effective Altruism sect-like thing.
               | 
               | All this info was part of a Sequoia congratulatory piece
               | on SBF, they of course had also given him money. The
               | article has since been taken down, it's still reachable
               | through Web Archive.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > The article has since been taken down, it's still
               | reachable through Web Archive.
               | 
               | I've skimmed through it, and by god, I was surprised
               | Sequoia wasn't crediting the sun rising each morning to
               | SBF.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | What do you even need a blueprint for? The guy did an
               | interview with Matt Levine and laid the Ponzi scheme
               | straight out: scammers make boxes that pay fake coins
               | when you store your money in them, they put so much money
               | into the boxes that the fake coins seem valuable, then
               | they rug pull everyone and move on to the next one.
               | That's how he described his own business.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | I hate to be the That Guy this time, but pump-and-dump is
               | a different kind of fraud from a Ponzi. Not that anyone
               | cares to make the distinction anymore.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Hey, that guy, tell it to Matt Levine and SBF, who
               | _literally used the term in the interview_.
               | 
               | :)
               | 
               | I'm just reacting to the idea that you'd need to see the
               | SBF corporations laid out on a diagram to reach the
               | conclusion. When Carrell's character says "they aren't
               | confessing, they're bragging", he's talking about an
               | allusion. _The Ponzi schemes here are not allusive_. SBF
               | _literally bragged about them_.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | That still doesn't mean they're using the term properly,
               | at least in regards to kind of scam you were describing
               | in your comment, or what that comment's parent was
               | referring to.
               | 
               | "SBF/Matt Levine said it" does not automatically make it
               | true.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | To be honest, you don't explain how they are wrong and
               | then tell us that "SBF/Matt Levine" saying it doesn't
               | make it true but both have a public recognisable
               | background in finance, we have absolutely no idea who you
               | are to even judge if you could be right or not.
               | 
               | Instead of debating semantics, enlighten us with how/why
               | they are using it incorrectly and what you mean by this
               | being a pump and dump and not a Ponzi. To me it
               | definitely looks like a Ponzi: money from new entrants in
               | the system go to pay off earlier entrants, a pump and
               | dump from what I know would require SBF/FTX pumping up
               | FTT to then dump it all leaving bag holders in the wake
               | of the crash.
        
               | SilasX wrote:
               | That's fair -- I thought that by highlighting the correct
               | term, against the parent's description with its
               | mislabeling, that would be enough to make the point,
               | especially since a) the issue of "Ponzi" misuse comes up
               | so much, and b) one could just look up the terms and
               | compare. But, to make it explicit:
               | 
               | Ponzi scheme: Taking later entrants' investments to pay
               | earlier investors on the false pretense that the
               | venture's activity generated the returns.
               | 
               | pump-and-dump: Duping others into thinking an asset has
               | value so that it can be resold above its legit worth.
               | 
               | The original description given clearly fits pump-and-dump
               | better[1], since it's based on making an asset seem
               | valuable:
               | 
               | >>laid the Ponzi scheme straight out: scammers make boxes
               | that pay fake coins when you store your money in them,
               | they put so much money into the boxes that the fake coins
               | seem valuable, then they rug pull everyone and move on to
               | the next one.
               | 
               | For tptacek's part, he could have defended his claim by
               | presenting a substantive understanding of the distinction
               | and justified the label in his own words. Or, somehow
               | indicated this was a point of contention at all. Or done
               | _anything whatsoever_ beyond arguing, in effect,  "the
               | perp used the label, therefore it must be accurate". That
               | does not advance the discussion, or indicate a prompt for
               | the kind of contribution in the first half of this
               | comment.
               | 
               | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33562224
        
               | perihelions wrote:
               | (Here's the link to that Matt Levine interview:
               | 
               | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-25/sam-
               | bankm...
               | 
               | )
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | I remember listening to that interview and this part
               | always got me:
               | 
               | > Matt: (27:13)
               | 
               | > I think of myself as like a fairly cynical person. And
               | that was so much more cynical than how I would've
               | described farming. You're just like, well, I'm in the
               | Ponzi business and it's pretty good.
               | 
               | I seriously cannot understand how after this interview
               | Sam still had any kind of support from VCs and so on.
               | 
               | I hope the late 2010s-early 2020s will be remembered as
               | the dot-com era of extremely dumb money...
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | > I seriously cannot understand how after this interview
               | Sam still had any kind of support from VCs and so on.
               | 
               | Because they thought they could make money by finding a
               | bigger fool, or by finding someone who thought they could
               | find an even bigger fool.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | > I seriously cannot understand how after this interview
               | Sam still had any kind of support from VCs and so on.
               | 
               | yes you do - because they're at best amoral and know
               | their position and connections means they can make money
               | out of shit like this by ensuring there's a series of
               | bigger fools waiting to buy them out.
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | Forget VCs. This interview snippet went semi-viral, I
               | don't understand how FTX's customers didn't try to pull
               | all their money out right then and there.
        
               | tonetheman wrote:
               | It is not "like" a blueprint. It IS a blueprint.
        
               | taliesinb wrote:
               | Amazing! Even includes anagrams: a person called Charis
               | Law who owns a company called Whirl Casa.
        
               | a-ve wrote:
               | Finally a worthy opponent to the IKEA corporate
               | structure:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA#Corporate_structure
        
               | WXLCKNO wrote:
               | To be fair ikea corporate structure looks like the mini
               | boss before the real boss compared to this lol.
        
               | rrrrrrrrrrrryan wrote:
               | It actually gives Enron a run for its money:
               | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Hamid-
               | Ekbia-2/publicati...
        
               | nocoiner wrote:
               | That's actually just a tiny, tiny subset of the overall
               | Enron corporate structure. The chart you linked just
               | shows the capitalization and ownership of one of the off-
               | balance sheet structures that Enron used to conceal debt.
               | This structure was capitalized with Enron stock, which
               | worked great as long as the price kept going up, but once
               | the value of that stock fell beneath a certain value, the
               | single-purpose entity used here became insolvent and
               | accounting rules (finally) required that that debt be
               | consolidated back onto Enron parent's balance sheet.
               | 
               | It's a situation with many interesting parallels in the
               | crypto industry. Not only does history rhyme, but
               | sometimes it really does repeat.
        
               | kmac_ wrote:
               | It's quite common to spin off daughter companies per
               | project, it isn't unusual or illegal in any way. Without
               | at least type and ownership information it's hard to tell
               | if it's iffy.
        
               | capableweb wrote:
               | You should see the structure of companies like IKEA or
               | others who really have a complicated corporate structure.
        
               | pjc50 wrote:
               | Do you have a chart for our entertainment?
               | 
               | (Does the IKEA org chart have the little figures from the
               | assembly instructions, and an Allen key?)
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | FTX is worse: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/IKEAs-
               | ownership-structur...
        
               | wodenokoto wrote:
               | IKEA is notorious for having one of the most opaque
               | company structures in the world.
               | 
               | Word on the street is that ikea is technically a charity.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | it's not a charity, it's a ultimately held by a pair of
               | Liechtenstein and Dutch foundations, with an elaborate
               | sea of holding companies underneath:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKEA#Corporate_structure
        
               | baby-yoda wrote:
               | This is a huge oversimplification but my recollection is,
               | there is a design arm of the IKEA structure which is a
               | non-profit. They create and own all of the designs and IP
               | related to products, which a different IKEA subsidiary
               | then licenses and pays royalties on, essentially negating
               | much/all of the margin of the finished good.
        
               | WXLCKNO wrote:
               | Is this just the natural outcome of running a multi
               | billion dollar crypto business? Do you hire so many
               | experts and lawyers that they set this up for you as an
               | ideal structure?
               | 
               | Seeing how stupid/greedy SBF was, it makes me wonder if
               | people like him are smart enough to truly understand the
               | need for such structure without having experts in place.
        
               | rchaud wrote:
               | SBF would be a nobody without Sequoia and others throwing
               | money at him. I'm more concerned about the judgment of
               | monied people who are so desperate to find their own Adam
               | Neumann, that they forgo common sense and invest based on
               | 'feel'.
        
               | chewz wrote:
               | You need that many companies trading with each other to
               | create value and muddle the waters... Intangible assests
               | and future flows passed from one entity to the other and
               | priced at some unrealistic assumptions create/raise paper
               | value.
               | 
               | This is how you blow the ballon...
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
               | if you're a creditor, good luck getting any part of
               | what's left over after they pay the accounting firms to
               | unwind this. On second thought, if you're an accounting
               | firm, good luck getting paid if you do any work for them.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | fdsafdasfdsa wrote:
         | FTX US is included in the Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing.
        
         | randomsearch wrote:
         | Just bumping this up from comment below:
         | 
         | >> This was about FTX International. FTX US, the US based
         | exchange that accepts Americans, was not financially impacted
         | by this shitshow.
         | >https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1590709195892195329
         | 
         | So, SBF seems likely to have flat-out lied, right up to the
         | last moment. At this point, why would you choose to trust any
         | crypto company that wasn't perfectly transparent in how it
         | holds assets, backs coins, what it's borrowing on, etc?
         | 
         | Do we blame individuals or the technology that enabled them? I
         | don't know. I do think we need to get back to building useful
         | tools that people need.
        
           | pvg wrote:
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | steveBK123 wrote:
         | Was obviously cope at the time.
         | 
         | If the guy is dipping into supposedly segregated client
         | accounts to run his prop trading, and lying about it.. why
         | would he not do the same with FTX US money.
        
         | halfmatthalfcat wrote:
         | It looks like it? At least from a cursory reading of the press
         | release...which goes against everything that has been said up
         | to this point. The hilarity continues.
        
           | leereeves wrote:
           | Yeah, just yesterday SBF tweeted:
           | 
           | > This was about FTX International. FTX US, the US based
           | exchange that accepts Americans, was not financially impacted
           | by this shitshow.
           | 
           | https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1590709195892195329
        
             | durpkingOP wrote:
             | Wrong. FTX US is the US based exchange that accepts
             | Americans. You gotta always read the latest SBF tweets
             | because he consistently says 1 thing then the next day does
             | the opposite.
        
             | boeingUH60 wrote:
             | This guy is such a serial liar...I wonder why he doesn't
             | have a lawyer advising him to avoid making statements on a
             | public platform at this point.
        
               | moogly wrote:
               | Because no one can tell who are real accounts and parody
               | accounts on Twitter right now.
        
               | tshadley wrote:
               | https://twitter.com/Popehat/status/1591091209157898241
        
               | selimthegrim wrote:
               | His parents are probably going to invoice him for legal
               | advice at this point.
        
               | jjulius wrote:
               | It absolutely blows my mind; if this[1] failure of an
               | attempt at a "get out of jail free" disclaimer is
               | something you feel the need to write out so poorly, and
               | in all caps, _after_ your diatribe, maybe - MAYBE - you
               | shouldn 't have said a goddamn word.
               | 
               | [1]https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1590709199067295749
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | Yeah! That was the tweet that made me suspect an anxiety
               | attack / some other health condition.
               | 
               | The weirdest part is that all 23 tweets were posted
               | simultaneously at 8:13am. So he had the opportunity to
               | say nothing; he could've clicked "save draft" instead of
               | "tweet all".
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | heh how close together are the "save draft" and "tweet
               | all" buttons?
        
               | boeingUH60 wrote:
               | "Your honor, whatever I've said should not be used
               | against me in the court of law"...I can't make up this
               | parody if I was a scriptwriter.
               | 
               | Here's another...SBF has stepped down, and his
               | replacement is John J. Ray III, a famous bankruptcy
               | lawyer who helped clean up Enron...yes, that Enron.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | I bet is motto is the same as the one that gets these
               | companies in trouble: "pay yourself first".
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Must be tough being a fiction writer these days.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I'm waiting for the Law&Order ripped from the headlines
               | episode. Who will be the murder victim in the opening
               | scene though? DUN DUN!!!
        
               | perihelions wrote:
               | Twitter should add Miranda warnings to the before-you-
               | tweet prompts. It would be a reasonable use-case for ML
               | classification.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | This guy is just taking a play from the same book Trump,
               | Musk, Kanye, etc use. Only, he's turned it up to an 11.
               | It'd be a funny skit to see a Trump character reading
               | this guy's tweets/interviews and saying "whoa"
        
               | UncleMeat wrote:
               | Especially on twitter, where by default you only see the
               | first few tweets of a chain.
               | 
               | "Here is a bunch of information about the ongoing
               | potentially criminal collapse of my company - oh by the
               | way I'm a bad dev so some of what I said above might be
               | wrong, don't act on this information."
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | His parents are law professors at Stanford. It's crazy.
               | You think they'd make a call and tell him to just stop.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I'm sure they have; does this look like someone who would
               | listen to his parents?
        
               | nullc wrote:
               | His father was involved in the business...
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmmXUtRt6xo
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | sillysaurusx wrote:
             | That's the one. Thanks for linking it.
             | 
             | Was he in denial? Lying? Clueless? I have no idea at this
             | point.
             | 
             | He seemed earnest and genuine, but everything he's saying
             | is the exact opposite of reality.
             | 
             | Maybe he was having an anxiety attack. I had one once, and
             | it completely sucks. It ruins your ability to form logical
             | thoughts.
             | 
             | (It's rare to see someone so powerful be so confidently
             | mistaken. The confidence is the part I'm struggling to
             | figure out. There doesn't seem to be much benefit for him
             | to knowingly lie about FTX US not being impacted, so it
             | seemed like something else was going on.)
        
               | dottrap wrote:
               | Rumors were that he was still trying to raise some kind
               | of last minute savior financing after Binance backed out.
               | If so, his best cards are to show that not everything he
               | has is a shitshow and there may still be some real value
               | financiers might be able to buy for pennies on the dollar
               | if they save him from complete collapse.
        
               | ahelwer wrote:
               | If he comes out the other side massively wealthy, then
               | what was there to be "mistaken" about? You're extending
               | an incredibly generous quantity of sympathy to someone
               | that has absolutely not earned even a little of it.
               | Speculating that he had an anxiety attack! I mean,
               | really.
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | It's not really sympathy though. From a game theory
               | perspective, what benefit did he get from saying FTX US
               | wouldn't be impacted?
               | 
               | It seems like there was negative benefit: not only did it
               | accomplish nothing in practice, but it couldn't have
               | helped even theoretically.
               | 
               | So when someone does something like that, I can't help
               | but speculate.
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | More time to get his and his friends' money out?
        
               | sillysaurusx wrote:
               | Oh, good point. Thanks!
        
               | yunohn wrote:
               | Ah yes, yet another "game theory" perspective. Seriously,
               | what is it with crypto enthusiasts and making everything
               | about game theory? What does it even mean in reality?
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | Stop assuming rich people are rational
        
               | ahelwer wrote:
               | It kept some number of people from withdrawing their
               | funds from FTX US yesterday, leaving more money in the
               | pot to return to other stakeholders. This has nothing to
               | do with game theory, what would that even mean!?
        
               | skeeter2020 wrote:
        
               | AlexandrB wrote:
               | > It's rare to see someone so powerful be so confidently
               | mistaken.
               | 
               | I struggle to see how this could be true after 4 years of
               | President Trump and Elon Musk's various undelivered
               | promises. It's not rare, it seems to be extremely
               | commonplace.
        
               | TedShiller wrote:
               | Remember when Biden said the Hunter Biden laptop was
               | fake?
               | 
               | It is very common
        
               | peppermint_gum wrote:
               | >Remember when Biden said the Hunter Biden laptop was
               | fake?
               | 
               | I don't think Joe Biden has ever said that.
        
               | TedShiller wrote:
               | FBI was told not to investigate
               | 
               | https://www.nationalreview.com/news/fbi-officials-told-
               | agent...
        
               | gilrain wrote:
               | > He seemed earnest and genuine, but everything he's
               | saying is the exact opposite of reality.
               | 
               | Con man is short for "confidence" man for a reason. What
               | they're good at is gaining the unmerited confidence of
               | others. You got played by his charisma. Remember this for
               | next time.
        
         | europeanguy wrote:
         | I think these people have shown they have no problem lying
         | about everything, so I wouldn't take what they say as a data
         | point.
        
         | Saig6 wrote:
         | All of FTX Group, including FTX US and 130 additonal companies
         | are covered by the statement. https://ftx.us/ doesn't mention
         | anything though.
        
           | jfk13 wrote:
           | https://ftx.us/home currently shows a message:
           | 
           | > Announcement 2022-11-10: trading may be halted on FTX US in
           | a few days. Please close down any positions you want to close
           | down. Withdrawals are and will remain open. We will give
           | updates as we have them.
        
       | memish wrote:
       | The CEO of Alameda said "we tend not to have stop losses... I'm
       | trying to think of a good example of a trade where I've lost a
       | ton of money... I probably don't want to go into specifics with
       | that"
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/ApeDurden/status/1590912098871435265
       | 
       | Now how did this place end up managing billions of dollars and
       | SBF the darling of politicians?
       | 
       | The picture is starting to come into focus. SBF used customer
       | funds to become one of the top political donors. He donated $40M
       | and was planning up to $1B. His parents are Stanford Professors
       | who are well connected in the political world.
       | 
       | Caroline, Alameda's CEO, also said "My advice for college is that
       | classes don't matter that much and friends and networking are
       | really important. Probably the most valuable thing you can do in
       | college is find the coolest people you can and spend lots of time
       | hanging out with them". Apparently so.
       | 
       | Her dad is the Department Head of Economics at MIT. Prior to
       | getting appointed to the SEC, Gary Gensler was a Professor for
       | the Practice of Global Economics & Management at MIT.
       | 
       | The CEO of GoldmanSachs met with SBF to help FTX get regulatory
       | approval.
       | 
       | From a congressman yesterday, "Gary Gensler runs to the media
       | while reports to my office allege he was helping SBF and FTX work
       | on legal loopholes to obtain a regulatory monopoly. We're looking
       | into this."
       | https://twitter.com/RepTomEmmer/status/1590717374801809409
       | 
       | Senators are still going forward with an SBF-backed bill
       | https://www.theblock.co/post/185746/senators-moving-forward-...
       | 
       | It looks like Enron or Theranos 2.0. The kids of the elite were
       | being elevated into positions way outside their ability and
       | supported at high levels with no scrutiny. The fallout from this
       | is going to be astronomical.
        
         | europeanguy wrote:
         | I guess the way it works is before they blow up people go
         | "clearly they're doing great, they know something we don't. You
         | think they need stop losses, but that's because you just don't
         | get it. Stop asking questions".
         | 
         | That's how.
        
         | lancesells wrote:
         | The more I read and learn about all this it feels like the work
         | of a criminal mind more than just plain greed or hubris.
        
           | tartoran wrote:
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanlon%27s_razor
        
             | salawat wrote:
             | How many times are we going to allow someone to slice us
             | with weaponized stupidity before we realize that willful
             | ignorance is actually a powerful tool in the malicious
             | actor's/white collar toolkit?
             | 
             | On the street, the cops/court'll beat you with "ignorance
             | of the law is not an excuse".
             | 
             | In the board room, the corporation can do no wrong, here's
             | your settlement, chapter 11 plox.
        
             | lancesells wrote:
             | My point is this doesn't feel like stupidity or some
             | confluence of mistakes. It feels more like someone
             | realizing they can get people to invest in their house of
             | cards while knowing it's a house of cards.
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | This stuff just worries me so much. These people are looked up
         | to as some gods of business, insight, or whatever. Even I have
         | been guilty of getting caught up and being jealous of these
         | younger people with so much apparent success. But then you find
         | out, in gory detail, about just how much bullshit it all is,
         | and that these people are just from elite circles who got
         | handed keys to the Lamborghini after just playing with a Tonka
         | truck. I mean, just hearing these people speak is cringe. They
         | don't understand how anything actual works. I can't believe
         | that something that literally stops your losses is not an
         | effective risk management tool.
         | 
         | This is what you find with kids from the elite class. They can
         | take on mind blowing risk because they can fall back on their
         | parents when it fails. People from lower socioeconomic levels
         | cannot do that. Our government sets back and let criminal
         | actions go unpunished, letting people truly treat life as a
         | Monopoly game.
        
         | kgwgk wrote:
         | I'm sure they have many things on their plates now but they
         | really should think about deleting their twitter profiles.
         | 
         | "nothing like regular amphetamine use to make you appreciate
         | how dumb a lot of normal, non-medicated human experience is"
         | https://twitter.com/carolinecapital/status/13790363463003054...
         | 
         | SBF should delete twitter mostly to stop publishing
         | increasingly ridiculous "I'm really sorry, again" messages:
         | "Hopefully things can find a way to recover. Hopefully this can
         | bring some amount of transparency, trust, and governance to
         | them. Ultimately hopefully it can be better for customers."
        
         | whimsicalism wrote:
         | This is a silly post. It's easy to draw a 3rd degree connection
         | from anyone who went to an elite school and important
         | politicians.
         | 
         | You're saying: SBF's coworker's dad's former coworker is now
         | the SEC head and that is the trick?
         | 
         | Getting hired by a firm like Jane St is a pretty strong signal
         | that you are likely capable.
        
         | tremarley wrote:
         | This makes a lot of sense. Stop Losses suck
        
           | mywaifuismeta wrote:
           | Time to start a hedge fund with this trick. Let's see if
           | Sequoia wants in.
        
           | dlubarov wrote:
           | Yeah, it's funny to see Alameda called out for this, when
           | most hedge funds don't use stop losses. It's pretty
           | reasonable not to want their assets liquidated at a bad price
           | in their sleep, in response to a price movement which might
           | have been an artificial blip.
        
         | frontman1988 wrote:
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | drumhead wrote:
         | Is this how it always is and has been in Silicon Valley or Tech
         | in the US. Startups started by well connected or well off kids,
         | with backgrounds at elite Universities. Background and
         | connections count for so much in that industry, it makes you
         | wonder how much has been lost or how much potential was lost
         | because people didnt go to the right schools.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | no, this is not true. The reality of Silicon Valley since the
           | mid-1970s is an explosive and unpredictable mix of
           | institutional money, their cohorts and practices; defense
           | industry, their cohorts and money (these fit your hypothesis
           | somewhat); dramatic and overlapping physical inventions using
           | silicon parts, the people that build and promote those, their
           | investor and insiders; marketing success more like Hollywood
           | of old, their cohorts and practices; non-USA money and
           | investment systems, their cohorts and practices;
           | international Fortune 500, their cohorts and practices.. and
           | more I am leaving out..
        
         | willio58 wrote:
         | Seems like the bill's aim is to have more oversight in crypto
         | companies.
        
         | altacc wrote:
         | The same way fiat finance builds up and then collapses: most
         | people have no idea what's going on or what any of it means.
         | There's a lot of accounting smoke & mirrors to make everything
         | look successful, until it's put to the test. At least with
         | traditional finance there is occasional some effort to reign
         | things in, or at least cover consumer checking accounts. But
         | even there the finance companies employ more lawyers,
         | accountants and experts than the regulators can and so the
         | regulators are usually playing catch up after the collapse. In
         | crypto there's no regulators, just other companies hoping they
         | don't get found out.
        
         | SilverBirch wrote:
         | To be fair I heard from a few places that you really don't want
         | to do stop losses on crypto exactly because of companies like
         | FTX - since the traders and the exchange are really the same
         | people, it's possible that there isn't a good enough chinese
         | wall between them - when that happens the traders can see your
         | stop losses which is like holding a massive sign saying "Here,
         | take my crypto for cheap".
        
           | jddil wrote:
           | I hope people read this and really understand what it says.
           | It Crypto had any intrinsic value this paragraph would be
           | ridiculous ... but it's not. At least tulips were pretty to
           | look at.
        
             | madamelic wrote:
             | The only reason big banks doesn't do this openly is because
             | they actually have regulators breathing down their neck so
             | they have to either hide it well or find ways around.
             | 
             | The problem isn't crypto, it's the lack of accountability.
        
               | super256 wrote:
               | > The only reason big banks doesn't do this openly is
               | because they actually have regulators breathing down
               | their neck so they have to either hide it well or find
               | ways around.
               | 
               | I thought that's what the whole PFOF debate in the US was
               | about? That e.g. Citadel is allegedly using SL and order
               | book information to hunt stops on thin volumes.
               | 
               | Not from the US and I didn't follow it too closely, maybe
               | I got it wrong.
        
         | ldjkfkdsjnv wrote:
         | This is actually generally how finance works though. The whole
         | industry is built on the illusion of superior competence.
         | 
         | "Prestige" is a determining factor in someones ability get a
         | job running a hedge fund/financial asset management. Generally
         | they need to have gone to the right school, worked at the right
         | bank, then at the right hedge fund. Each should show a good
         | amount of tenure ( > 3-5 years ).
         | 
         | A major asset manager that I won't mention hires PhDs from
         | Harvard as a way to get people to invest in their fund. Behind
         | the scenes, away from all the quant marketing nonsense, is some
         | guy you've never heard of making gut based trades on the
         | market.
        
           | pmoriarty wrote:
           | _" This is actually generally how finance works though. The
           | whole industry is built on the illusion of superior
           | competence. "Prestige" is a determining factor in someones
           | ability get a job running a hedge fund/financial asset
           | management"_
           | 
           | It's not just finance, people everywhere are impressed by a
           | prestigious background, and assume if you can drop certain
           | names on your resume you must be great.
           | 
           | Such names will open all sorts of doors for you that are
           | firmly shut against the riffraff.
           | 
           | Of course, conmen have used such patinas of prestige to their
           | advantage since the dawn of time.
        
             | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
             | There's also the irony of the fancy office. If you're a
             | customer of a professional and walk into a very luxurious
             | office, you know ultimately you're the one paying for that.
             | If it were a separate surcharge to meet in the fancy office
             | vs something basic would you chose to pay it? Yet
             | psychologically we all feel more confident in the fancy
             | office.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | It's bigger in fields where you need to get rich people to
             | hire you: ie. consulting & finance.
             | 
             | Fields like tech are nominally more meritocratic.
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | I do feel like SBF path was obviously distinct from this
           | hedge fund/IB pathway you are describing.
           | 
           | For one, he got hired for a prop trading firms - in which
           | these effects are not very large because they have little-to-
           | no interest in clients and managing assets.
        
           | ljlolel wrote:
           | I saw this at Bridgewater. Hired only ivy league, smart
           | people actually. But their total discretionary control was a
           | tiny % of fund. Hedge funds are mostly marketing. When 2008
           | financial crisis happened, Dalio was making the big trades in
           | the control room himself on gut feel.
        
             | dig1 wrote:
             | > Hedge funds are mostly marketing
             | 
             | This. Someone from Bridgewater mentioned that Dalio's
             | "radical transparency" and all that we-record-everything
             | nonsense is just a marketing bluff. Actual decisions are
             | made behind closed doors by a few people.
        
               | nunez wrote:
               | I've heard the opposite. Recruiters working with them
               | told me that they drink their own kool-aid harder than
               | Amazon does!
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | Bridgewater is an even worse example of this than normal.
             | Very cult-ish
        
           | PheonixPharts wrote:
           | To see this all you have to do is interview at a few
           | "prestigious" financial companies.
           | 
           | A while back I interviewed with one of the top trading firms.
           | It was for a lower level position that I normally wouldn't
           | take but I was excited about the prospect of working with
           | some truly brilliant quants.
           | 
           | Wow was I disappointed. The discussion with the quants
           | quickly relieved that they had absolutely zero interest in
           | their field, and not a particularly deep understanding of the
           | fundamentals of the mathematics they were using. It became
           | clear that their entire course of study was focused on
           | getting in to high paying financial company, and all the
           | things they had to learn on the way there were just boring
           | prereqs.
           | 
           | I've met a lot of really talented and smart applied math
           | people over my career, and this quant team was not in that
           | groups of people.
           | 
           | That said all the engineers I chatted with were great. My
           | takeaway was that these companies do need talented engineers
           | to run these systems but the "brilliant quants" is more or
           | less just, as you say, the illusion of superior competence.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | I think it really depends to be honest. I don't think what
             | you are saying is generally true of people at prop trading
             | firms, the ones that I know were generally very into
             | math/physics and got lured by the high pay.
             | 
             | With prop firms, there is little need to schmooze the rich
             | with fancy degrees
        
               | ldjkfkdsjnv wrote:
               | This point is invalidated by looking at the schools their
               | employees went to.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | In what way is that true? Short pithy comments are
               | unconvincing.
               | 
               | The presence of people with fancy degrees might be
               | expected for the more mundane reason that those people do
               | tend to be more competent on average.
        
         | gringoDan wrote:
         | > _Caroline, Alameda 's CEO, also said "My advice for college
         | is that class don't matter that much and friends and networking
         | are really important. Probably the most valuable thing you can
         | do in college is find the coolest people you can and spend lots
         | of time hanging out with them"._
         | 
         | This is mainstream advice if you're at an Ivy, Stanford, etc.
         | You're learning the same material as the people who go to a
         | state university. The advantage is the proximity to power, the
         | people you rub elbows with who can help your career down the
         | line.
         | 
         | This is the entire premise of elite business schools - nobody
         | is dropping $100k/year for the content that you can get on
         | YouTube for free.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | endtime wrote:
           | > You're learning the same material as the people who go to a
           | state university. The advantage is the proximity to power,
           | the people you rub elbows with who can help your career down
           | the line.
           | 
           | I got my MS CS from Stanford and this is completely false. I
           | did my BS CS at Georgetown, and even between the two there
           | was a huge difference being at Stanford. The course material
           | pushed me way harder, there were more resources (e.g.
           | robots), a much wider selection of electives, and more
           | consistently brilliant peers. I never felt behind at
           | Georgetown; I certainly had those moments at Stanford, even
           | though I did very well there in the end.
        
             | gringoDan wrote:
             | The original comment applies more to humanities and
             | business school than to hard sciences. But it's still
             | relevant in STEM.
             | 
             | > _I got my MS CS from Stanford and this is completely
             | false. I did my BS CS at Georgetown, and even between the
             | two there was a huge difference being at Stanford._
             | 
             | Stanford is probably the best-known school in the world for
             | Computer Science. Georgetown (while a great school) is
             | known for its international relations. So I'm not surprised
             | that Stanford had more CS electives, resources, etc.
             | 
             | But the fair comparison here is a school like UC Berkeley,
             | University of Illinois, or [insert flagship state
             | university here]. Is the quality of education really that
             | different vs. Stanford? Or is the Stanford name brand on
             | the resume the differentiator?
             | 
             | Also, a masters program should be harder and more
             | competitive than an undergrad program!
             | 
             | > _and more consistently brilliant peers_
             | 
             | Exactly. At Stanford, your "consistently more brilliant
             | peers" will be in positions of power down the road. They'll
             | be hiring managers at Google and Apple in <5 years.
        
         | throwaway4good wrote:
         | It is not Theranos 2.0; it is straight up theft to use client
         | funds sitting in an exchange to cover losses in a hedge fund.
        
           | ethanbond wrote:
           | Theranos was straight up fraudulent lab reports _and_ a tale
           | of numerous people who should 've known better getting duped
        
             | throwaway4good wrote:
             | I think stealing beats a fudged lab report.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | > Now how did this place end up managing billions of dollars
         | and SBF the darling of politicians?
         | 
         | It's not that hard to be the darling of politicians in this day
         | of extreme polarization - you just tell them what they want to
         | hear.
         | 
         | SBF made a good safe bet that coming off as "pro-regulation"
         | would be a winning strategy in the current climate. Heck, it
         | was probably a good bet regardless of whether Democrats or
         | Republicans are in power, because even though Republicans are
         | nominally anti-regulation, being against "Silicon Valley
         | billionaires" is basically the one thing that gets bipartisan
         | support these days, so flattering politicians with "we need you
         | to regulate us" was probably a good strategy.
        
           | shapefrog wrote:
           | It's not that hard to be the darling of politicians - give
           | them money.
        
         | adamsmith143 wrote:
         | It's completely unsurprising that "successful" kids have well
         | connected and successful families.
        
         | throwup wrote:
         | "Risk management? You mean that's a thing people actually do?"
        
       | shapefrog wrote:
       | Just 20 hours ago - it was all bad but still fine and plenty of
       | money and lots of interested parties...
       | 
       | Oh and it is all the fault of the Devs
       | 
       | https://twitter.com/SBF_FTX/status/1590774827467812865
       | 
       | If you stick your company name in your twitter handle - does that
       | mean the company owns the twitter account too???
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | tppiotrowski wrote:
       | I still can't reconcile how fast this happened. Back in April SBF
       | was willing to give billions to buy Twitter. It seemed like there
       | was plenty of surplus or was the money he planned to invest just
       | FTX customer holdings?
       | 
       | "Musk responded to the text by asking if Bankman-Fried had "huge
       | amounts of money?" MacAskill said SBF was worth about US$24
       | billion at the time and could be willing to provide as much as
       | US$8 billion to US$15 billion in financing." [1]
       | 
       | [1] https://forkast.news/sbf-wanted-to-join-elon-musk-twitter-
       | de...
        
         | strikelaserclaw wrote:
         | most of crypto/segments of wallstreet are a giant scam using
         | mathematics to make money, any pr is good for them. It is like
         | that wall street movie quote "You got ninety percent of the
         | American public out there with little or no net worth. I create
         | nothing. I own. We make the rules, pal."
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | > "You got ninety percent of the American public out there
           | with little or no net worth. I create nothing. I own. We make
           | the rules, pal.
           | 
           | Might make sense to tax the people doing the work less and
           | the people owning stuff more. Should be a homerun policy in
           | any democracy.
        
             | 2devnull wrote:
             | Which is why we have a progressive tax schedule. It didn't
             | work, or you wouldn't be here complaining.
        
               | throwup wrote:
               | Surely he's saying the capital gains tax rate should be
               | higher than the W-2 tax rate. That's definitely not the
               | case in the US.
        
           | rchaud wrote:
           | Nothing mathematical about it.
           | 
           | It's Enron accounting all the way down. Except in Enron's
           | case the accounting was actually creatively done to dodge
           | regulators. These guys didn't even have that to worry about.
        
         | memish wrote:
         | Here's another guy that was vouching for SBF to get in on the
         | Twitter deal for $5b.
         | 
         | Michael Grimes [IBanker at Morgan Stanley]: Do you have 5
         | minutes to connect on possible meeting tomorrow I believe you
         | will want to take?
         | 
         | Elon: Will call in about half an hour
         | 
         | Michael: Sam Bankman Fried is why I'm calling
         | https://twitter.com/sbf_ftx/status/1514588820641128452
         | https://www.vox.com/platform/amp/recode/2021/3/20/22335209/s...
         | https://ftx.us
         | 
         | Elon: ??
         | 
         | Elon: I'm backlogged with a mountain of critical work matters.
         | ls this urgent?
         | 
         | Michael: Wants 1-Sb. Serious about partner w/you. Same security
         | you own
         | 
         | Michael: Not urgent unless you want him to fly tomorrow. He has
         | a window tomorrow then he's wed-Friday booked
         | 
         | Michael: Could do $5bn if everything vision lock. Would do the
         | engineering for social media blockchain integration. Founded
         | FTX crypto exchange. Believes in your mission. Major Democratic
         | donor. So thought it was potentially worth an hour tomorrow a
         | la the Orlando meeting and he said he could shake hands on 5 if
         | you like him and I think you will. Can talk when you have more
         | time not urgent but if tomorrow works it could get us $5bn
         | equity in an hour
         | 
         | Elon: Blockchain twitter isn't possible, as the bandwidth and
         | latency requirements cannot be supported by a peer to peer
         | network, unless those "peers" are absolutely gigantic, thus
         | defeating the purpose of a decentralized network.
         | 
         | Elon: ["disliked" "Could do $5bn ..."]
         | 
         | Elon: So long as I don't have to have a laborious blockchain
         | debate
         | 
         | Elon: Strange that Orlando declined
         | 
         | Elon: Please let him know that I would like to talk and
         | understand why he declined
         | 
         | Elon: Does Sam actually have $3B liquid?
         | 
         | Michael: I think Sam has it yes. He actually said up to 10 at
         | one point but in writing he said up to 5. He's into you. And he
         | specifically said the blockchain piece is only if you liked it
         | and not gonna push it. Orlando referred Sams interest to us and
         | will be texting you to speak to say why he (Orlando) declined.
         | We agree orlando needs to call you and explain given everything
         | he said to us and you. Will make that happen We can push Sam to
         | next week but I do believe you will like him. Ultra Genius and
         | doer builder like your formula. Built FTX from scratch after
         | MIT physics. Second to Bloomberg in donations to Biden
         | campaign.
         | 
         | https://danluu.com/elon-twitter-texts/#62
        
           | [deleted]
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | EVa5I7bHFq9mnYK wrote:
           | Interesting, the banker thinks "Major Democratic donor" is a
           | positive selling point for Musk. I thought he is red.
        
             | paganel wrote:
             | And finished it off with with "second to Bloomberg when
             | donating to Biden".
             | 
             | If any of this had happened in a non-rules based world or
             | even at the periphery of our "civilized" world, a whole
             | bunch of US-financed NGOs and "civil society" thingies
             | would have been up all in arms about it, with cries of
             | corruption and the like. But the moment when it turns out
             | that the second largest financial donor to the US President
             | is basically a crook and a fraudster all those voices are
             | suddenly silent.
        
             | josefresco wrote:
             | I found that odd too, but I would guess it was meant to
             | show that he was a "major player" and thus had political
             | connections that might be useful to Musk/Twitter.
        
             | corndoge wrote:
             | Many people can't be quantified with one of two colors
        
             | rchaud wrote:
             | That's certainly who he started pandering to once the deal
             | looked likely. "Democrats are the party of division and
             | hate" in May 2022 [0]. BTW, searching for this tweet on
             | Google is fruitless, whereas DuckDuckGo brought it up
             | straight away (from my US-based IP).
             | 
             | If that was to set the stage for reinstating Trump, it
             | seems to have backfired massively, as Trump (of all
             | people), called him out as a BS artist and RINO.
             | 
             | Still, on what should have been of the busiest weeks in
             | Twitter's history, he found time to use his Twitter
             | bullhorn to advocate voting Republican in every race.
             | 
             | [0]https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1526997132858822658
        
             | n0tth3dro1ds wrote:
             | The entire offer is embarrassing.
             | 
             | "Let me add useless, wasteful, and costly blockchain "tech"
             | to your money-losing CRUD app. By the way, did you know
             | we're massive Democrat donors?"
             | 
             | Like offering poop flavored ice cream with vomit sprinkles.
        
             | nu11ptr wrote:
             | Elon isn't red or blue. He has leaned to voting dem in the
             | past and now leans to voting gop for various reasons. It
             | could change tomorrow. In the end, he thinks what he thinks
             | and doesn't care how it aligns to a "party".
        
             | stefan_ wrote:
             | The guy doesn't even vote, he's an opportunist that would
             | pretend to be orange if it curried favor with small minded
             | people.
        
           | boc wrote:
           | I'm cackling at idea that even Elon is tired of hearing about
           | the blockchain from crypto nerds... even the ones offering
           | him billions.
        
             | tonetheman wrote:
             | everyone is
        
         | Animats wrote:
         | _" I still can't reconcile how fast this happened."_
         | 
         | That's normal for trading firms. Lehman Brothers went down
         | about this fast.
         | 
         | The larger finance and regulatory systems are no longer willing
         | to tolerate long "pauses" in withdrawals from crypto companies.
         | Now, you "pause" withdrawals for a day and you're dead. Back in
         | the Mt. Gox days, crypto exchanges went into limbo for months
         | before the hammer of bankruptcy came down. That's over.
        
         | saddlerustle wrote:
         | FTX was making a killing, so its token that paid out trading
         | fees was worth a lot. To bail out trading losses in Alameda,
         | FTX sent it cash in exchange for a bunch of its own token. This
         | might have worked out fine, except now the moment everyone
         | expects FTX to go bankrupt, it's bankrupt.
        
           | hazyc wrote:
           | Haseeb Qureshi said recently on his Chopping Block podcast
           | that it was a not-so-secret secret that FTX was the least
           | profitable exchange of any of the major exchanges, so even if
           | they were generating a lot of revenue they weren't making
           | much profit on it.
        
         | ahMath8 wrote:
        
         | kebman wrote:
         | Ah, the magic of loaned funds with little or no demands tied to
         | it. And you wonder why real estate prices are so high? It's
         | largely the same principle, except the regulation is way, wayyy
         | tighter. But in sum, the effect it has on markets is
         | unquestionable.
        
           | mi_lk wrote:
           | > loaned funds with little or no demands tied to it
           | 
           | What does it mean for funds tying to demands?
        
             | kebman wrote:
             | It means that the contract you enter when you loan money
             | has limitations to what you can use said funds for, and how
             | or what it's secured with (including interest). It would
             | seem that the creditors of Bankman-Fried gave him quite
             | liberal limits, if it wasn't simply the byzantine structure
             | of his many, many straw companies that made it extremely
             | hard to understand what the money was ever used for, so
             | much so that he may or may not have lost track himself.
        
       | bananapub wrote:
       | is this finally the straw that will expose the massive
       | Tether/USDT fraud?
        
       | faefox wrote:
       | I've seen some comments saying that this is all delayed fallout
       | from the Luna/Terra collapse last spring, it's just that FTX had
       | the means (its own token that it could pump and move around its
       | own entities) to paper over the hole in its balance sheet until
       | now. Can anyone more familiar with the situation elaborate? How
       | much further will the contagion spread?
        
         | OptoContrarian wrote:
         | Scoopy in the Alchemix discord had this to say: "If you are on
         | any CEX or CeFi app or earn product, get out RIGHT NOW. Rumors
         | are swirling and it is possible that none of them are solvent.
         | 
         | I am not kidding, really, get out now. I care too much for our
         | community to not have said anything to warn you."
         | 
         | Not sure what that all entails.
        
           | ignoramous wrote:
           | > _Not sure what that all entails._
           | 
           | Those same network effects that propelled web3 into
           | stratosphere are going to bring it down back to earth. Not
           | necessarily vanquish it, but put web3 in its place, so to
           | speak. A scenario I'd imagine where DEXes / DeFi will endure
           | and possibly thrive, but DEXes / DeFis don't have the kind of
           | moats to justify astronomical valuations... which is both a
           | good and a bad thing, depending on which side of the coin you
           | are on.
           | 
           | Tech VCs have already circled _back_ to AI, so doubt private
           | companies in need of more money can stay afloat for longer,
           | if they weren 't being careful with volatile crypto assets.
        
           | drexlspivey wrote:
           | Always take financial decisions based on anons in random
           | discords.
        
             | misnome wrote:
             | To be fair, a lot of people probably got into this
             | situation on an equivalent recommendation.
        
           | sz4kerto wrote:
           | Even Coinbase?
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | I feel perfectly fine having my crypto stored on Coinbase's
             | end. As far as I know their business model makes perfect
             | sense and they don't take the weirdly big risks all of
             | these falling dominoes have.
             | 
             | Also, if Coinbase goes bankrupt and takes everyone's crypto
             | with them I feel everything will crash to essentially 0.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | > their business model makes perfect sense
               | 
               | Well they can't make money because all the other
               | exchanges offer better fees/lower spreads since they're
               | loaning customer money out. They'll never be big enough
               | to actually makea. profit while there are shady exchanges
               | offering a better product(until it collapses).
        
               | saurik wrote:
               | There aren't many compliant exchanges operating in the
               | US, though; Coinbase seriously even _raised_ their fees a
               | couple years ago because they thought they could do so,
               | even while other exchanges are trying to lower them: they
               | aren 't merely competing on fees.
        
             | etc-hosts wrote:
             | Coinbase appears now to be relatively boring, highly
             | regulated, and compliant with US laws.
             | 
             | I think they'll be fine.
        
               | peyton wrote:
               | So was FTX US.
        
               | digianarchist wrote:
               | Right but Coinbase doesn't have a renegade holding
               | company based in the Caribbean.
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | They will be fine _modulo people's interest in crypto_.
               | The way I think about it is that their business model is
               | taking fees off of every transactions, so as the interest
               | tapers off so will their earnings and valuation.
        
               | jjfoooo4 wrote:
               | On the path to bankruptcy the boring way, not being able
               | to turn a profit
        
               | polygamous_bat wrote:
               | Perhaps Coinbase will set a record by being the first
               | crypto exchange that folded the proper, legal way! /s
        
               | saurik wrote:
               | You seem to be confusing "is a good business to invest
               | in" into the discussion of "is reasonably safe to use".
        
         | crypt1d wrote:
         | Its hard to tell, but looks like the fall out is far from over.
         | There are a lot of rumours running around so unsure what is
         | true and what is not, but we've gotten confirmations from a lot
         | of crypto companies to be affected one way or another. Genesis
         | (a big OTC trading company) lost about 160M but their parent
         | company wrote them a check. BlockFi seems to be in the hole and
         | has closed withdrawals. Blockfolio (an FTX owned company)
         | paused withdrawals. Anything SOL/SRM related is likely
         | affected. Any market maker worth its salt had money on it as
         | well... think we will see a lot of blood in the coming
         | days/weeks.
        
           | acover wrote:
           | For those curious I think srm is serum and sol is solana.
           | 
           | https://www.kraken.com/learn/what-is-serum-srm
           | 
           | > Serum is a decentralized exchange software built on Solana
           | where cryptocurrencies can be bought and sold by traders
        
             | crypt1d wrote:
             | Correct. I've been in this world so long I forget 'normal
             | people' don't really know all the acronyms :)
             | 
             | more rumours are surfacing, including Yuga Labs (biggest
             | name in the NFT space), Jump Crypto, Paradigm... this is
             | basically our Lehman Brothers moment
             | 
             | edit: looks like Yuga might be ok after all. luckily,
             | sometimes rumour is just a rumour.
        
           | coffeebeqn wrote:
           | FTX also bailed out a ton of crypto companies. Now I don't
           | know what those deals were like but it's likely some of these
           | will fold soon
        
           | bmitc wrote:
           | Does anyone know the effect on Nova Labs and the Helium
           | Network? It was my understanding that they recently switched
           | the network from the Helium Network token (HNT) to Solana
           | (SOL).
        
         | Alupis wrote:
         | For someone that only dabbles in crypto - what are the reasons
         | people choose to use high-risk exchanges like FTX, and buy even
         | higher risk "sh*t coins" on them? Especially the exchange-
         | created-and-owned coins - of which I have yet to see one
         | actually do what it promised.
         | 
         | Is Coinbase just not cool anymore, or is there some advantage
         | to using exchanges like FTX until they go belly-up?
        
           | edwnj wrote:
           | The main attraction was access to pretty much any shitcoin
           | and advanced leverage+trading features:
           | 
           | - multiple sub accounts - 20x leverage with tiered
           | liquidations - you could use your portfolio as collateral -
           | advanced trading tools
           | 
           | This is why it was so shocking to see them collapse for doing
           | such a stupidly bad thing, the guy seemed super smart (albeit
           | vegan+commie).
        
             | skinnymuch wrote:
             | Where is he a commie? EA has insanely famous liberals like
             | Steven Pinker on their side. If that's what you're trying
             | to get at. Otherwise I'm puzzled since his main focus is
             | EA.
        
           | dottrap wrote:
           | - FTX had much bigger trading volume (which might get people
           | better fills)
           | 
           | - FTX had lower fees than Coinbase
           | 
           | - FTX offered a lot more coins to trade than Coinbase
           | 
           | - FTX (like many others, but not so much Coinbase) were
           | giving large sign up bonuses, and advertising like crazy.
           | (Finance YouTubers like Graham Stephan, Meet Kevin, Jeremy
           | Financial Education, Minority Mindset, etc. are taking some
           | heat for their paid promotions they did for FTX.)
           | 
           | - FTX offered options on some cryptos, like Bitcoin. This
           | seems to be kind of rare.
           | 
           | - FTX offered leverage (like most of the other big exchanges,
           | but not Coinbase)
           | 
           | - Since FTX also set up a separate FTX.US entity, it gave the
           | perception that it had all the same US regulation protections
           | as Coinbase. And since FTX was much bigger than Coinbase, it
           | gave the perception that FTX was more likely to be more
           | solvent than Coinbase. A month ago, I suspect if you asked
           | most crypto people which exchange was more likely to go under
           | first, they would have all said Coinbase.
           | 
           | This whole industry looks very unhealthy. The large exchanges
           | that most people use like Binance and FTX have books and
           | operations shrouded in mystery, so nobody really knows how
           | solvent any of these things were. FTX said they were not
           | lending out coins (and by law, as an exchange, they are
           | supposed to have all assets), but only after a leak revealed
           | by Coindesk, did the public find out something was really
           | wrong. Without that leak, FTX would still be doing business
           | as usual.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, Coinbase which is a publicly traded company in the
           | US which is many magnitudes more transparent with their books
           | (because they are required to be), can't seem to make a
           | profit.
           | 
           | The overall implication is that regular exchanges that just
           | make money from fees are in an unsustainable business model.
           | And all the other exchanges that are making a profit, might
           | be doing all the shady things that FTX was caught doing.
        
             | nu11ptr wrote:
             | FTX's UI was way faster and better. I will miss that.
             | Coinbase UI is very laggy, slow, and even more of a memory
             | hog.
        
           | MuffinFlavored wrote:
           | > high-risk exchanges like FTX
           | 
           | Larry David + Steph Curry "endorsed" television commercials?
        
             | mateuszf wrote:
             | Technically speaking Larry David was discouraging people
             | from using FTX.
        
               | kyleplum wrote:
               | I am convinced that him not believing in it, getting paid
               | a boatload to do a commercial stating he doesn't believe
               | in it, then it failing is definitely the plot for a Curb
               | Your Enthusiasm episode.
        
           | djinnandtonic wrote:
           | For someone that only dabbles in investing, what are the
           | reasons people choose ultra-high-risk investments like
           | crypto?
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | High risk, high returns.
             | 
             | I bought some (emphasis on the some, sadly) Bitcoin when it
             | was $80. I'll never get a return like that in my life.
             | Other people are chasing that dragon. Unfortunately it
             | leads them to burgeoning "shitcoins."
             | 
             | It's all fine if you view it like the lottery and put "fun
             | money" into it. It's not fine if it's your primary
             | investment vehicle. For what it's worth I still think
             | Bitcoin and Ethereum will be fine and bounce back up,
             | eventually.
        
             | jmathai wrote:
             | You would be surprised how easy it is for people to get
             | sucked into a crypto bubble vortex that makes you feel like
             | you're missing out big time by not being invested in
             | crypto.
             | 
             | I was pretty heavily involved in the personal finance
             | community on Twitter and there's two camps.
             | 
             | 1) VTSAX and chill (basically dump money into an ETF and
             | forget about it) 2) Moar passive income by side hustles and
             | crypto
             | 
             | The latter became more and more common and ultimately
             | drowned out the former. I believe it's because the market
             | was doing so well that folks' risk meter just wasn't
             | registering.
             | 
             | Probably the same reason why people choose to get into
             | MLMs.
        
             | Alupis wrote:
             | That one is easy... FOMO - Fear Of Missing Out. People see
             | the 10,000%+ returns extreme early adopters obtained and
             | think they need to get in before the good-getting is done.
             | Most of the time they're wrong and just throwing money into
             | dark pits...
             | 
             | "Gamified" trading apps like Robin Hood have made it all
             | too easy to feel much lower risk that it is in reality
             | though.
             | 
             | For the rest, crypto can be part of a diversified
             | investment strategy. Not all crypto is outright scams...
             | but you do need to be able to handle the volatility.
        
             | beefield wrote:
             | Broadly speaking, either they are financially illiterate,
             | or they like gambling. Or both.
        
           | HDThoreaun wrote:
           | Coinbase doesn't offer the leverage that offshore exchanges
           | do. FTX was popular originally because they offered 100x
           | leverage, later reduced to a maximum of 20x. They also had
           | better spreads, probably because they were making their own
           | market and had inside info. I think that people generally
           | didn't expect FTX to be high risk. It's got a profitable
           | business, all they had to do was not embezzle customer funds.
        
             | Alupis wrote:
             | > Coinbase doesn't offer the leverage that offshore
             | exchanges do. FTX was popular originally because they
             | offered 100x leverage
             | 
             | Sounds like a red alarm for me. There's probably a good
             | reason domestic exchanges don't let you extend out that
             | far... particularly on extremely volatile securities.
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | Definitely alarming, but mostly for counterparty risk. If
               | the exchange is just a middle man then they can't lose as
               | long as they're able to liquidate toxic positions before
               | they're negative. Turns out FTX was also the market maker
               | through alameda and because of that was hesitant to
               | liquidate toxic positions, leading to the embezzlement to
               | try to save alameda and the current crisis.
        
               | MrMan wrote:
               | market making in a volatile instrument is not easy. when
               | all instruments are .96 correlated it makes it harder to
               | balance your book. the good thing is that its retail flow
               | but just because its retail doesnt mean you won't lose
               | money when the market jumps in one direction or another.
        
               | blep_ wrote:
               | That kind of gets into philosophy of what governments are
               | for: should they protect people who make bad decisions
               | from themselves? Does the answer change if people are
               | actively marketing the bad decision? Does the attempt at
               | doing so suggest they're actively trying to keep poor
               | people from getting rich?
               | 
               | (This comment is an explanation of a viewpoint, and not
               | an endorsement.)
        
               | Alupis wrote:
               | I see it as the government should get out of the way of
               | those who _know_ what they are doing and the risks.
               | 
               | The problem is, these exchanges do not make you go
               | through the same "vetting" processes traditional
               | securities brokers/exchanges do before you can leverage
               | up to your eye balls and lose everything.
               | 
               | They also go out of their way to make it "fun" to trade
               | crypto - gamification at it's best - which
               | reduces/removes the traditional apprehension of getting
               | in way above your abilities.
               | 
               | We can liken a lot of these exchanges to gambling more
               | than investing.
               | 
               | That is to say, an 18 year old with $500 in total assets
               | shouldn't be eligible to leverage 20x or more. That's
               | just a life-changing problem waiting to happen.
        
           | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
           | All of these places were offering insane APRs as well as
           | other perks for staking your coins. So speculators park real
           | money, expecting that they'll be smart enough to see the
           | crash coming and slurping up that sweet return in the
           | meantime.
           | 
           | And it's glaringly obvious everyone offering these outsized
           | returns is literally just pulling a ponzi.
        
         | jfdbcv wrote:
         | [RUMOR - UNCONFIRMED]
         | 
         | People are saying that Alameda Research lost a lot of money due
         | to Luna / Terra and were bailed out by FTX user funds, a loan
         | with FTT as collateral.
        
           | Emma_Goldman wrote:
           | This is my sense of what happened.
           | 
           | Alameda's bets went bad in the crypto crash earlier in the
           | year. FTX loaned it up to $10bn in customer deposits against
           | trumped-up collateral (its own token). Somehow, Alameda must
           | have lost most of that money, either by using it to cover its
           | liabilities from the crash, or making more bad bets. When it
           | was leaked to Coin Desk that Alameda's balance sheet was
           | padded with FTX tokens, confidence in the token rapidly
           | collapsed. That obliterated the collateral protecting FTX's
           | loans, ripping open a ~$10bn hole in its finances.
        
         | haasted wrote:
         | Saw a theory that their liquidation engine may have failed them
         | during the LUNA meltdown.
         | 
         | https://twitter.com/westiecapital/status/1591089073468280832...
        
         | ryanSrich wrote:
         | I don't think people realize how big of a collapse UST was. $18
         | billion market cap that vanished in a week. The fact that Do
         | Kwon is not in jail yet is astonishing to me. FTX by comparison
         | is on the hook for $10 billion, about half of the UST collapse.
         | Everything we're seeing is a result of Do Kwon's scamming.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | btilly wrote:
         | How much further?
         | 
         | By their own figures, Tether is now undercapitalized and just
         | had billions withdrawn. They made those payments. But, as
         | Hemmingway said, bankruptcy tends to happen gradually and then
         | all at once. Tether is in a hole. Nobody knows how close they
         | are to not making payments. But when they implode, it will be
         | sudden and the blast radius will be large.
         | 
         | Does Tether weather this squall? Based on history, probably.
         | Based on economic fundamentals, they will sink at some point.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | saurik wrote:
           | > _By their own figures_ , Tether is now undercapitalized...
           | 
           | Where has Tether stated this? Last I heard--today--Tether has
           | continued to claim the opposite.
           | 
           | (edit to add, 45 minutes later:) I see patio11 makes the same
           | claim, but I've now read both his recent articles on this and
           | he is making a LOT of extremely stretched assumptions to pull
           | off this reasoning, and even then the best he has is that it
           | must have momentarily become insolvent in the past :/. And so
           | like, maybe they are undercapitalized... but if they are it
           | is because they are _lying_ , not because their own figures
           | somehow demonstrate such.
        
           | toomuchtodo wrote:
           | Tether might be able to plug the hole depending on how big it
           | is if treasury rates rise fast enough for returns to paper
           | over their previous asset allocation or mismanagement
           | mistakes, and redemptions don't exceed assets on hand.
        
             | btilly wrote:
             | Well patio11 just came out with a whole article of BAM
             | about leverage:
             | https://bam.kalzumeus.com/archive/demystifying-financial-
             | lev...
             | 
             | The point of this article was to make the consequences of
             | the following statement clear:
             | 
             |  _And now you know enough to understand what I 'm saying
             | with an otherwise opaque statement like "Tether is 35:1
             | levered on risky assets during market contagion."_
             | 
             | Yes, if everything goes Tether's way, they can weather
             | anything, forever. But eventually it won't, and they won't.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Ahh, they're fucked. Thanks for the link.
        
         | cenal wrote:
         | Until the tether fraud collapses the market hasn't corrected.
        
       | guelo wrote:
       | Why are they filing in the US? I thought they were Bahamas or
       | Hong Kong besides ftx.us
        
         | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
         | The US company may be the only part of SBF's portfolio that's
         | worth anything at this point. I assume it's inevitable it gets
         | pulled in.
        
         | phire wrote:
         | I can guess:
         | 
         | The US has Chapter 11 bankruptcy, while Antigua and Barbuda
         | might only have something more closer to the US's Chapter 7.
        
           | rippercushions wrote:
           | You can't really pick and choose where to have your
           | bankruptcy. This filing is for FTX's US entities, those in
           | Antigua will be wound up with Antigua's rules.
        
             | phire wrote:
             | Yes, that's what's weird.
             | 
             | FTX Trading Ltd is "is incorporated in Antigua and Barbuda,
             | and headquartered in The Bahamas", yet the linked statement
             | clearly says FTX Trading Ltd (plus the FTX US entity, and
             | Alameda, and others) are filing for Chapter 11 under US law
             | in Delaware.
             | 
             | Is there a parent company of FTX Trading Ltd that's based
             | in the US?
             | 
             | Edit: Apparently "Paper Bird Inc" is registered in
             | Delaware, is 100% owned by SBF, and has ~89% ownership of
             | FTX Trading Ltd.
        
               | donedeals wrote:
               | It's probably because the parentco is filing. Need to see
               | the BK filing to understand.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | According to the filing Paper Bird Inc. owns
               | approximately 75% of FTX Trading Ltd. - the rest is owned
               | by third party investors.
               | 
               | https://qz.com/full-text-ftx-bankruptcy-filing-1849772656
        
         | ucha wrote:
         | None of the answers you received so far are correct.
         | 
         | The holding company of the foreign entity is in the US and can
         | thus file for ch11. See who owns FTX Trading Ltd (Antigua) for
         | example:
         | https://d1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net/production/8566b562-d5...
        
         | hestefisk wrote:
         | Group holdings yes, but the US exchange and some of their other
         | acquisitions are in US. It seems to be quite an elaborate
         | cluster of firms that have filed for bankruptcy, which makes me
         | think maybe someone was doing funny stuff with money.
        
           | lost_tourist wrote:
           | Or hoping they could limit damage to one corp, but in this
           | case the big daddy corp is sinking screwing all its assets
        
       | brindlejim wrote:
       | As a sidenote, many of the commitments that SBF made to the FTX
       | Future Fund were either in FTT or paid in installments, which
       | means that they will never be paid at all. Huge impact on the EA
       | movement and their grantees.
        
       | lm28469 wrote:
       | This is good for bitcoin
        
         | hestefisk wrote:
         | Why?
        
           | 323 wrote:
           | It's a joke.
           | 
           | When something bad happens, bitcoiners say "this is good for
           | bitcoin".
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | firstSpeaker wrote:
       | Who is next?
        
       | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
       | I think this tweet reply to the bankruptcy announcement is pretty
       | brilliant,
       | https://mobile.twitter.com/Abrahamweb3eth/status/15910726841....
       | 
       | I made the argument a couple days ago that CZ thought he was
       | playing "4D chess" as the kids like to say these days by publicly
       | and loudly dumping FTT, and he ended up burning the whole thing
       | down.
        
         | phphphphp wrote:
         | intentional or unintentional, he didn't really have a choice:
         | if he had dumped FTT quietly, people would have noticed and it
         | would have had the same outcome. If he didn't dump it, he'd
         | have been left with a worthless token. As soon as the Alameda
         | balance sheet was leaked, the fate of SBFs empire was sealed,
         | because it was the SBF mythology that supported FTX -- hence
         | the "credible" industry players using and recommending FTX. For
         | cz to have been responsible for this, you have to argue that
         | Alameda could have remained credible within the industry after
         | it was revealed to be leveraged to the gills -- doesn't really
         | seem plausible, it was only a matter of time before it was
         | discovered that he was stealing customer deposits. The only
         | variable in the collapse of FTX was the amount of time it took
         | people to realise that SBF had been stealing deposits, whether
         | it happened because of a bank run or something else, it would
         | have happened.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | spaceman_2020 wrote:
       | I've defended crypto countless times here and I still believe in
       | the ideology and the decentralized mission
       | 
       | But man...what a clownshow.
        
       | ram4jesus wrote:
       | Life is fleeting. But crypto even more so.
        
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