[HN Gopher] US Attorney Announces $3.36B Cryptocurrency Seizure ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       US Attorney Announces $3.36B Cryptocurrency Seizure in Connection
       with Silk Road
        
       Author : jmsflknr
       Score  : 280 points
       Date   : 2022-11-07 14:44 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.justice.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.justice.gov)
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | > " IRS-CI Special Agents are the best in the world at following
       | the money through cyberspace or wherever our financial
       | investigations lead us. We will continue to work with our
       | partners at the US Attorney's Office to track down these
       | criminals and bring them to justice."
       | 
       | They might want to look into this:
       | 
       |  _Many U.S. corporations use offshore tax havens and other
       | accounting gimmicks to avoid paying as much as $90 billion a year
       | in federal income taxes. A large loophole at the heart of U.S.
       | tax law enables corporations to avoid paying taxes on foreign
       | profits until they are brought home. Known as "deferral," it
       | provides a huge incentive to keep profits offshore as long as
       | possible. Many corporations choose never to bring the profits
       | home and never pay U.S. taxes on them._
       | 
       | https://americansfortaxfairness.org/tax-fairness-briefing-bo...
       | 
       | Yes, these tax loopholes are legal, but I bet the IRS and its
       | world-class money trackers could, if they wanted, find quite a
       | few outfits going well beyond what's technically legal.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | They said they were the best in the world, not that they were
         | any good.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | zmaurelius wrote:
         | They could, but then the IRS would have contend with an army of
         | lawyers to claw their money back. In this case, going after a
         | small time criminal with no connections is an easy win, so it
         | makes sense from a resource allocation perspective for them
         | focus on cases like this instead.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | Anyone who stole and _has held on_ to 51,000 BTC is not
           | exactly a small-time criminal any more.
           | 
           | They were when the theft occurred, but this is like when you
           | steal a cargo container full of crap, and five years later
           | discover that both the Mona Lisa and a nuclear football is in
           | it.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > They could, but then the IRS would have contend with an
           | army of lawyers to claw their money back.
           | 
           | Always reminds me on how Scientology managed to get
           | charitable. tl;dr: Cause so much work for the IRS (or appear
           | to be able to do so) and they'll back down.
           | 
           | The tax code is like the MasterLock of laws: looks complex on
           | the outside, keeps honest people honest but is so weak it can
           | be exploited by anyone willing to do so.
        
       | closewith wrote:
       | At the spot price at this time, 51,680.32473733 Bitcoin is worth
       | $1,066,821,439.46 (~$1.06B) USD. Some difference from the ~$3.36B
       | on November 9th, 2021.
        
         | greyface- wrote:
         | And in September 2012, the time of the heist, they were worth
         | about $500k.
        
         | ta988 wrote:
         | Most news and law enforcement will always inflate the numbers
         | like that.
        
           | ISL wrote:
           | That was the value at the time of seizure, which is most-
           | likely the correct time at which to value it.
           | 
           | It is true that the news would probably use the larger number
           | if BTC had gone up in price since then, but I suspect that
           | the official statement would always quote the value at the
           | time of seizure (perhaps with a parenthetical to highlight a
           | greater present-day value).
        
             | conductr wrote:
             | > That was the value at the time of seizure, which is most-
             | likely the correct time at which to value it.
             | 
             | It should be marked to value at time of the crime. Value of
             | the property is often a metric used for setting the
             | charges/punishment and he had no idea it would appreciate
             | the way it did. He shouldn't get penalized for it
             | appreciating.
             | 
             | May differ internationally but to my knowledge it works
             | that way over most of the US.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > It should be marked to value at time of the crime.
               | Value of the property is often a metric used for setting
               | the charges/punishment
               | 
               | In the context of _charges /punishment_, when thr charges
               | apply to specific direct proceeds, that would seem
               | correct.
               | 
               | In the context of reporting a seizure, the value at the
               | time of the seizure is relevant.
               | 
               | Those are two different things, even though they might
               | relate to the same property at different points in time.
        
       | PaulWaldman wrote:
       | >Specifically, law enforcement located 50,491.06251844 Bitcoin of
       | the approximately 53,500 Bitcoin Crime Proceeds (a) in an
       | underground floor safe; and (b) on a single-board computer that
       | was submerged under blankets in a popcorn tin stored in a
       | bathroom closet.
       | 
       | It's interesting how the defendant tried to hide his bitcoin
       | holdings in very low-tech ways.
       | 
       | The utility ease of holding bitcoin is apparent with this
       | seizure. What other asset could you hide the equivalent of $1B
       | USD in a floor safe and a popcorn tin and without having to use a
       | 3rd party custodian?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ISL wrote:
         | The potential value-density of crypto is unmatched, but I'm not
         | sure it is "easy" to store in a manner like that.
         | 
         | If another resident of Zhong's household had discarded the
         | popcorn tin, he could have been out $1B. It's is difficult, but
         | not impossible (see fat-finger transactions) to do that with
         | other asset classes.
        
           | duxup wrote:
           | Agreed, the risks here are pretty high. Even just some
           | catastrophic disk failure.
        
           | zmaurelius wrote:
           | Holding a large amount of cryptocurrency without multiple
           | backups spread around various geographical locations is
           | foolish. So ultimately to store cryptocurrency securely, its
           | never actually easy when you get down to the nuts and bolts
           | of it.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Who said he didn't have any other backups elsewhere?
             | 
             | Impossible to prove he didn't have his private keys backed
             | up elsewhere.
        
             | ilyt wrote:
             | Steganography might've been interesting way to deal with
             | it, make big QR code with credentials to 1M wallet and hide
             | 1B wallet info as steganography in that picture
        
           | int_19h wrote:
           | "There's always money in the banana stand!"
        
         | bottlepalm wrote:
         | The money would have probably would of been safer stored as 12
         | words on an unhidden disused iPhone.
        
           | drewfis wrote:
           | A 4D chess move would be 12 1-word game saves on an old
           | GameBoy game cartridge that is hidden amongst hundreds of
           | other GameBoy cartridges.
        
             | thakoppno wrote:
             | People have memorized pi out to absurdity - surely one
             | could memorize 192 bits with enough incentive?
        
         | hamiltonians wrote:
         | and no encryption apparently too
        
           | rufusroflpunch wrote:
           | This is baffling. It would be remarkably easy to memorize 12
           | words, then keep no active wallet anywhere. When you want to
           | send coins, start up a desktop wallet, enter the 12 words,
           | send some Bitcoin, then delete the wallet.
        
             | cesarb wrote:
             | If this was a really old Bitcoin wallet, it could be from
             | before the "12 words" thing. IIRC, older wallets randomly
             | generated each key, instead of deriving them from a seed
             | passphrase (which also meant you had to be really careful
             | with your backups, since an old backup of the wallet
             | wouldn't have its newer keys).
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Would he want to have all the funds in 1 wallet?
             | 
             | (I understand these hardware wallets let you load up as
             | many as you want.)
        
             | 323 wrote:
             | And one day you hit your head and can't remember the words
             | anymore.
        
               | gardenhedge wrote:
               | maybe buy twelve items that represent the words and have
               | them around the house
        
         | kipchak wrote:
         | For comparison at $14k an ounce you would need 72,000 oz of
         | rhodium, the most valuable PM, in order to hit a $1B.
        
           | kibwen wrote:
           | Antimatter is allegedly valued at $2,700,000,000,000,000 per
           | gram, so you could fetch a billion for 0.37 micrograms of it.
           | Don't try storing it in a popcorn tin, though.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | I mean, the magnetic field to hold it doesn't weigh
             | anything either.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | That's more of a manufacturing cost than a market price,
             | isn't it?
        
         | m4jor wrote:
         | Sounds like it was just stored on a Trezor or Ledger hardware
         | wallet.
        
         | closewith wrote:
         | > The utility ease of holding bitcoin is apparent with this
         | seizure. What other asset could you hide the equivalent of $1B
         | USD in a floor safe and a popcorn tin and without having to use
         | a 3rd party custodian?
         | 
         | Back in the day, the answer would have been bearer bonds, but
         | they're no longer popular instruments.
        
           | busyant wrote:
           | > bearer bonds
           | 
           | The financial instrument of choice for movie heist villains
           | from the 1970s to early 2000s.
        
             | krustyburger wrote:
             | They're still relevant in that there's always a chance
             | someone may ask you to "do a Die Hard."
        
             | closewith wrote:
             | And the Italian Mafia until at least 2009!
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiasso_financial_smuggling_c
             | a...
             | 
             | > The total value of the counterfeit bonds was estimated at
             | approximately one percent of total U.S. GDP in 2008
        
               | busyant wrote:
               | Good lord, that story is insane.
               | 
               | Some choice excerpts:
               | 
               | > ... Japanese nationals in their 50s ... who had
               | attempted to enter Switzerland with a suitcase ...
               | containing what ... appeared to be U.S. Treasury Bonds
               | worth $134.5 billion.
               | 
               | Enough to buy a couple of Twitters!
               | 
               | > The Financial Times also reported that the two suspects
               | "had been released" by Italian authorities.
               | 
               | ??????????????????????
               | 
               | edit:
               | 
               | > On September 18, 2009, a similar incident was reported
               | ... by the Italian financial military police ...
               | involving two Philippines nationals smuggling purported
               | U.S. Treasury bonds valued at approximately $180 billion
               | 
               | Why do these involve Asian nationals? I'm just not a good
               | enough crook to determine the advantage here...
               | 
               | > On February 17, 2012, it was reported that Italian
               | police had seized $6 trillion in counterfeit U.S.
               | bonds....
               | 
               | If you're gonna commit a crime, you might as well swing
               | for the fences, eh?
               | 
               | This is Dr. Evil type stuff!
        
               | dmix wrote:
               | What a fascinating story. Very mysterious...
               | 
               | > The Financial Times also reported that the two suspects
               | "had been released" by Italian authorities.
               | 
               | I guess they helped direct the police to the actual
               | counterfeiters.
               | 
               | > An earlier billion-dollar bond case was recorded in
               | 2002, when the United States Court of Appeals for the
               | Seventh Circuit, located in Chicago, heard a case from
               | two men who sought $100 billion from the Federal Reserve
               | Bank of Chicago.
               | 
               | So two guys tried to bring a fake bearer bond worth $100B
               | and tried to cash it out? That's hilarious. It also
               | sounds like they didn't even get in trouble.
        
           | mminer237 wrote:
           | New bearer bonds were outlawed forty years ago is why.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | I wonder what percentage of old companies are still owned
             | by << bearer >> shares.
             | 
             | At least investment/corporate bonds usually expire, so the
             | bearer ones eventually wash out.
        
             | closewith wrote:
             | The world extends beyond the US. The Panama Papers showed
             | that bearer bonds were alive and well all the way until the
             | mid-2010s, and Panama itself only phased them out in 2015.
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | Which is why I think it's absurd to think it's a
               | coincidence that the rise of crypto happened at the exact
               | same time world financial task-forces snuffed out bearer
               | bonds and offshore anonymous accounts.
        
         | danaris wrote:
         | Presumably this would be the case with any purely-digital asset
         | class that has the ability to be encapsulated in a physical
         | token or offline digital storage device.
        
       | skizm wrote:
       | When cryptocurrency assets are seized, do they transfer
       | everything all to a separate wallet, which is then held in
       | custody? If there are copies of the "seized" assets, they can
       | just be moved to a new wallet and then the only thing seized was
       | some hard drives, right?
        
         | 323 wrote:
         | Yes, they move them immediately.
         | 
         | This was detailed in previous seize operations like this.
         | 
         | 2013:
         | 
         | > _The FBI official pointed me towards this Bitcoin address,
         | which received transfers of close to 144,000 in just the last
         | 24 hours. "They finished moving them at 3am this morning," said
         | the official._
         | 
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/10/25/fbi-sa...
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | That's what they should do.
           | 
           | The quadrigacx (Canadian crypto exchange) bankruptcy trustee
           | didn't move the little they found into a wallet they
           | controlled.
           | 
           | Lucky for them, it seems like nobody else had/acted on having
           | the private keys.
        
       | kylestlb wrote:
       | The linked affidavit has more of the interesting details. Looks
       | like the agent worked with the guy's ISP and a well-known crypto
       | exchange to do some old fashioned IP tracing.
        
         | frontman1988 wrote:
         | The guy didn't even use VPN? That's pretty amusing for a
         | billionare thief.
        
           | kylestlb wrote:
           | Had a static ip address for a few years, lol
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Claimed to have lots of VPNs too.
             | 
             | Lotta crypto brokers look down on VPNs for obvious reasons.
             | 
             | But they seemed to have gotten their wallets mixed up and
             | that gave away their identity on of one of the early 10k
             | Bitcoin wallets.
        
       | kepler1 wrote:
       | I'm curious, what kind of endgame was he planning, if any?
       | 
       | How do you launder and benefit from even any of the coins, if you
       | know you're a wanted man and everyone is watching to see where
       | the coin pops up?
        
       | olalonde wrote:
       | > Specifically, law enforcement located 50,491.06251844 Bitcoin
       | of the approximately 53,500 Bitcoin Crime Proceeds (a) in an
       | underground floor safe; and (b) on a single-board computer that
       | was submerged under blankets in a popcorn tin stored in a
       | bathroom closet
       | 
       | Weird that he went through all this trouble to physically hide
       | the wallets but did not use encryption...
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | My thoughts exactly.
        
         | sidewndr46 wrote:
         | Almost like the details released don't match up with reality.
        
         | m4jor wrote:
         | Seems like it was stored on a hardware wallet like a ledger or
         | trezor.
         | 
         | He most likely voluntarily gave them the passwords and access
         | as he turned himself in as well as turned over additional
         | bitcoin.
        
         | kube-system wrote:
         | The article does not say he didn't.
        
       | ISL wrote:
       | With a public blockchain, it seems at least technically possible
       | to seize any funds that were _used_ in a transaction later shown
       | to be illegal.
       | 
       | If you thought KYC constraints were invasive today...
        
         | jonwachob91 wrote:
         | That is probably the fastest way to kill crypto. Seizing any
         | coins involved in illegal activity, even if it's been through
         | numerous other owners since (and for legal purchases). Once
         | everyone is asking if the coins they are getting are clean
         | they'll stop acquiring coins.
        
           | three_seagrass wrote:
           | Isn't that just admitting that the primary use case of crypto
           | is illegal activity?
        
             | ISL wrote:
             | No -- it means that a single instance of illegal activity
             | can potentially be charged-back by a government through a
             | web of otherwise-legal transactions at any time. The
             | immutable historical retention of all transactions has at
             | least the _capacity_ to threaten the immutability of
             | transactions in the real world.
        
           | landemva wrote:
           | Government cleans crime proceeds when they auction it off.
           | Same for planes and cars.
        
             | counttheforks wrote:
             | Which government, and are there international agreements
             | about this?
        
               | dopamean wrote:
               | I'd assume whichever government seized the goods.
        
               | landemva wrote:
               | USA federal government sold seized bitcoin years ago.
               | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-bitcoin/venture-
               | capit...
               | 
               | And local and State government.
               | https://www.nyc.gov/site/nypd/services/vehicles-
               | property/pol...
               | 
               | USA is sovereign and does not respect international
               | agreements.
        
               | MerelyMortal wrote:
               | Ireland sold seized Monero (XMR) and Bitcoin (BTC) in an
               | online auction in 2019. I think they even opened it up to
               | foreigners.
        
             | ISL wrote:
             | Yes, but that is after they seize it.
             | 
             | If a criminal steals my bitcoin and spends it, everyone who
             | accepts it and everyone who accepts it from them is taking
             | delivery of stolen property, trivially traceable back to
             | me. I'll want it back, because it is mine and was stolen.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Possession_of_stolen_goods
             | 
             | As a practical matter, if crypto continues to gain
             | adoption, law must emerge to keep the ecosystem from
             | getting jammed up.
        
           | Sargos wrote:
           | China, Russia, Egypt, and many others have already banned
           | crypto and seize any assets regardless of legality and it
           | hasn't killed crypto yet.
           | 
           | Even the USA as the largest economic market in the world
           | couldn't kill crypto by seizing assets as there are dozens of
           | other countries that will keep using crypto for the anti-
           | corruption, stability, and efficiency benefits it provides.
           | It's a lot like the internet where a country can ban or
           | control it but ultimately it only harms their own citizens
           | and prevents them from properly competing on the world stage.
        
       | SevenNation wrote:
       | > This seizure was then the largest cryptocurrency seizure in the
       | history of the U.S. Department of Justice and today remains the
       | Department's second largest financial seizure ever.
       | 
       | If past history is any guide, the proceeds will be auctioned,
       | making DOJ the largest government-sponsored bitcoin dealer in the
       | world.
        
         | lolc wrote:
         | Interestingly, this will increase the supply of Bitcoin.
         | Because more will be in circulation, having been cleared by the
         | U.S. government. Who wouldn't want those squeaky clean coins!
        
       | hamiltonians wrote:
       | how did they link it to his home address. did he try to cash them
       | out using real ID?
        
         | rideontime wrote:
         | The answer can be found here: https://www.justice.gov/usao-
         | sdny/pr/us-attorney-announces-h...
        
       | keepquestioning wrote:
       | This guy is fucked, how long will he be in jail?
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | > ZHONG, 32, of Gainesville, Georgia, and Athens, Georgia, pled
         | guilty to one count of wire fraud, which carries a maximum
         | sentence of 20 years in prison.
         | 
         | > The maximum potential sentence in this case is prescribed by
         | Congress and is provided here for informational purposes only,
         | as any sentencing of the defendant will be determined by the
         | judge. ZHONG is scheduled to be sentenced by Judge Gardephe on
         | February 22, 2023, at 3:00 p.m.
         | 
         | To be determined!
        
           | keepquestioning wrote:
           | Why is there no jury of peers? I do not understand legal
           | system in America.
        
             | notch656a wrote:
             | Prosecutors in US conspire to deprive defendants of their
             | rights by creating a 'plea bargain' system where federal
             | defendants almost always plead guilty in exchange for not
             | being 'taxed' with often multiples of the bargained number
             | of years in jail for daring to exercise their right to
             | trial, where they will be crushed by an asymmetric system
             | of the massiveness of the US government verse whatever
             | meager amount they have to spend on an attorney and expert
             | witnesses.
        
             | bgentry wrote:
             | There's no jury if you plead guilty. He didn't have to be
             | convicted because he admitted to the crime as part of a
             | plea bargain.
        
       | latchkey wrote:
       | 11.1160005300044 is a very odd looking number, I wonder if it is
       | encoded as something.
       | 
       | 11, 116, 53, 44
        
         | mrb wrote:
         | Indeed, it's not possible to seize "11.1160005300044" bitcoins
         | as all bitcoin amounts (outside of the lightning network) are
         | represented with a maximum of 8 decimals. Most likely, it's
         | just a floating-point imprecision from the fed's calculations.
         | For example a lot of software will calculate "20.1 - 20.0 =
         | 0.10000000000000142"
        
       | nrmitchi wrote:
       | I may get slammed for this, but I don't understand the resources
       | that apparently went into tracking down some kid who stole from
       | an illegal marketplace a decade again.
       | 
       | This feels way less like "pursing justice" and more like trying
       | to track down everything the just I've department can seize and
       | auction off. If Bitcoin hadn't _drastically_ increased in value
       | since the original event, would this have ever been tracked down?
       | 
       | I cant even count the number of much more consumer-impacting
       | crypto-related frauds, crimes, and hacks from the last 3 years
       | that would be more deserving of justice department attention,
       | rather than focusing resources and attention on a double
       | withdrawal bug from an illegal marketplace from a decade ago.
        
         | pessimizer wrote:
         | > I may get slammed for this, but I don't understand the
         | resources that apparently went into tracking down some kid who
         | stole from an illegal marketplace a decade again.
         | 
         | If you're not going to track down $3.36B after a decade, you
         | really shouldn't pursue thefts of less than $1M ever.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | I doubt they've been actively investigating him for 10y.
         | Probably went through the transaction logs right at the
         | beginning and flagged the addresses.
         | 
         | Big withdraws suggests seller. Big deposits and withdraws
         | without sales suggests launderer. Small deposits, or sales and
         | big withdraws suggests insider.
         | 
         | Dude finally slipped up and got identified.
        
         | garyfirestorm wrote:
         | Low hanging fruit. We recovered X.y billion in BTC (valued at
         | that time) hand waving, patting each others back. Instant
         | promotion.
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | They were not just any bitcoin, they were missing silk road
         | bitcoin. The fed had been looking for these 50k btc for awhile.
        
         | adam_arthur wrote:
         | I agree, we should let crypto scams of all kinds proliferate
         | and flourish.
         | 
         | Just kidding, haha. I agree that many more recent events have
         | been more impactful, and hopefully they're pursuing those too.
         | 
         | I mean the sheer numbers of ICOs with somewhat notable people
         | involved purely to make a quick buck would be a good place to
         | start
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | Since there continues to be "crypto-related frauds, crimes, and
         | hacks" then they need skilled group of crypto investigators.
         | Think of this case as practice.
        
         | xyzzy4747 wrote:
         | It's probably because he accumulated billions of dollars of
         | property that weren't taxed, and illegally on top of that
         | (although they were worth much less at the time).
         | 
         | It kind of sucks for him that he had to forfeit the Bitcoin and
         | not just the dollar amount he stole at the time. I am sure if
         | it was the other way around, and Bitcoin went to $0, they would
         | take the historical dollar amount he stole instead.
        
           | nrmitchi wrote:
           | I could completely see an argument for tax evasion, that is a
           | crime where the technical victim is the government (and thus,
           | citizenry), not where the victim is an illegal operation that
           | no longer exists.
           | 
           | However, he isn't being charged with a tax crime. He's being
           | charged with "wire fraud" for double withdrawing from Silk
           | Road.
        
             | jamespo wrote:
             | So committing a crime against criminals is OK?
        
               | nrmitchi wrote:
               | I can see you just trying to bait me into a non-
               | productive debate, so I will say this.
               | 
               | I am not going to make any statement regarding whether or
               | not financial crimes against known and convicted criminal
               | enterprises should be deprioritized in relation to crimes
               | against regular citizens.
               | 
               | In this case though, the "victim" has not existed for
               | over 9 years and will never exist in the future, there
               | are no ongoing victism, and there are no downstream
               | victims to return restitution to.
               | 
               | I do not believe the justice department should be
               | pursuing cases (cold or not) where the only goal is
               | siezing (not recovering) assets for their own benefit.
        
           | jeremyjh wrote:
           | Capital gains are not taxable until they are realized through
           | sale of the assets. I would not expect he had any tax
           | liability yet.
        
             | xyzzy4747 wrote:
             | Stealing an asset and keeping it is considered "income" in
             | that tax year, I believe. You would only be correct if he
             | stole Bitcoin when it was worth 0, but it wasn't.
        
               | jeremyjh wrote:
               | That's true, he'd owe taxes on the $500k it was worth at
               | the time.
        
         | nathanvanfleet wrote:
         | You're right it sounds like he's a real nice guy and sitting on
         | 3.36 billion dollars for a decade sounds like time served to
         | me. I just can't get behind the concept of "Why did they arrest
         | me for X when there is something wrong happening over there?"
         | It just doesn't work that way, there are plenty of things
         | happening ant the same time and you're just making some weird
         | assumption that the IRS bitcoin task force could have been some
         | completely different department chasing a completely different
         | crime.
        
           | keepquestioning wrote:
           | This is Hacker News, different morality applies here
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | _> I don't understand the resources that apparently went into
         | tracking down some kid who stole from an illegal marketplace a
         | decade again._
         | 
         | 1. I suspect that the justice system feels that, as a matter of
         | principle, they ought to keep the heat on darknet markets
         | generally. That getting darknet market related arrests in the
         | news has deterrent value, and shows they're doing their job.
         | Obviously, arresting operators or big sellers would be even
         | better - but any darknet market arrests are better than none at
         | all.
         | 
         | 2. They recovered $3.3 Billion, so the ROI on agents' time is
         | probably pretty good. American society loves it when police
         | departments are funded with criminals' money, through
         | aggressive traffic ticketing and civil forfeiture! So this is
         | really no different to fining a driver for doing 55 in a 54,
         | except with much less police time used. From a certain
         | perspective, this is one of the most productive uses of
         | resources the department could possibly make.
        
           | nrmitchi wrote:
           | 1. I agree, it's a bit tangential to call this a "darknet
           | market arrest" instead, since the "darknet market" was the
           | "victim".
           | 
           | 2. People largely hate when cops find someone for doing 55 in
           | a 54, so it's probably not a great example, but I think
           | supports my point. This isn't about solving an actual crime,
           | but about optimizing for how much money the justice
           | department is able to collect. I said elsewhere that this
           | would be more reasonable as a tax investigation, but it's
           | not, and it's (in my opinion) a pretty bad precedent that
           | investigations should be prioritized by "how much cash can we
           | seize"
        
         | swalsh wrote:
         | If we ever go back into a mercantilist economy based on
         | bitcoin, the US is setting itself up to be in a solid position.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | The US could crash BTC by trying to sell all of this now.
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | No. There isn't enough liquidity in the market to even sell
         | that amount. They also do these things over the counter, in
         | auctions, which wouldn't have an effect on market pricing at
         | all.
        
           | three_seagrass wrote:
           | The lack of liquidity is what would push the price down,
           | since demand is higher at lower prices.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | Yes, that is generally how markets work. However there is
             | no central exchange for bitcoin, nor is there enough
             | liquidity in any single exchange. So, the seller would need
             | to open accounts in multiple exchanges and sell in all of
             | them. Sure, bringing down one exchange could have
             | consequences for price, but it wouldn't cover this large of
             | an amount of BTC. Plus, half the exchanges with enough
             | liquidity to even begin with, aren't even allowed to be
             | used in the US.
             | 
             | Again, that's not how the US govt works with these things
             | anyway (OTC auctions), so it is all a moot point.
        
               | rideontime wrote:
               | Ok, so someone buys the bitcoin at auction for pennies on
               | the dollar, turns around and undercuts every other seller
               | out there.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | It is an auction, it won't be pennies on the dollar.
               | 
               | The last person who got that good of a deal was Tim
               | Draper in 2014, which was a brilliant play and even then,
               | I doubt he's sold it all.
               | 
               | https://www.cnbc.com/2021/12/19/what-the-us-government-
               | does-...
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | " There isn't enough liquidity in the market to even sell
           | that amount. "
           | 
           | That's exactly my point ;)
           | 
           | If they overwhelm liquidity, the price can collapse because
           | they can always underbid those trying to sell.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | Except, that isn't what happens, so it makes your statement
             | incorrect.
             | 
             | The US could also overwhelm [insert any free market] by
             | simply executing eminent domain and/or printing enough
             | money.
        
           | lern_too_spel wrote:
           | OK, fine. The person who buys these Bitcoins at auction could
           | cause BTC to crash on all the exchanges.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | Why would someone spend a bunch of money to buy bitcoin and
             | then crash the price?
             | 
             | Is that like the ultimate tax loss write-off? ;-)
        
               | lern_too_spel wrote:
               | Who says they have to spend a bunch of money? The amount
               | of money anybody would pay for it is the amount they
               | could get from selling it, which is limited by liquidity.
               | Add the fun they would get from crashing the market, and
               | that is fair market value that these Bitcoins can get at
               | auction.
        
               | kristianp wrote:
               | They could buy futures at a lower price before crashing
               | the markets.
        
       | Maursault wrote:
       | > JAMES ZHONG pled guilty to committing wire fraud in September
       | 2012 ... ZHONG pled guilty on Friday, November 4, 2022, ...
       | 
       | > U.S. Attorney Damian Williams said: "James Zhong committed wire
       | fraud over a decade ago...."
       | 
       |  _The statute of limitations for mail fraud and wire fraud
       | prosecutions is five years (18 U.S.C. SS 3282), except for mail
       | and wire fraud schemes that affect a financial institution, in
       | which case the statute is ten years (18 U.S.C. SS 3293)_.[1]
       | 
       | Lawyers please explain. Also, who was the victim here, and who
       | reported the crime?
       | 
       | [1] https://www.justice.gov/archives/jm/criminal-resource-
       | manual...
        
         | ajonnav wrote:
         | I just started law school so don't take this answer as
         | definitive but a couple of things I thought of were: 1. For the
         | statute of limitations, I believe that the time point to look
         | at is when the lawsuit was filed (as opposed to when the guilty
         | plea comes through). All that matters was that lawsuit was
         | filed __before__ the statute of limitations ran out. 2.
         | Additionally, there are scenarios where the law/courts will
         | allow people to file suits after the statute of limitations
         | runs out but that varies by jurisdiction and by the law that
         | governs the crime committed. (For more info, you can check out
         | equitable/statutory tolling).
        
         | yakak wrote:
         | I don't think bitcoin was even a recognized currency until
         | 2014.. It is utter madness that someone can make a game today
         | and you can be tried for winning on players technical errors a
         | decade after the IRS decides if it is a serious speculative
         | game. It's like back in the first MOOGs where people wanted to
         | arrest in game thieves. Talk about killing your industry.
        
           | qeternity wrote:
           | Bitcoin has been classified as a commodity, not a currency,
           | so I'm not sure what you're talking about.
           | 
           | I'm not sure why you're downplaying this. If I maliciously
           | exploited a video game for serious financial gain today,
           | there's a good chance that will be a crime.
        
           | lolc wrote:
           | If you trick somebody into giving you something, and they
           | consider that thing valuable, you're on the hook for fraud.
           | Doesn't have to be about official coins. Of course, if you're
           | playing a game where thieves are part of the game, you have
           | to accept that. Or not play the game.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | In 2013 FinCEN and the IRS declared that Bitcoin _was always_
           | property so you can 't make some kind of "it's just a game"
           | argument.
        
             | chelical wrote:
             | In 2013. He pled guilty to wire fraud in 2012. Can
             | FinCEN/IRS retroactively determine something (like tradable
             | skins in a game) is property and prosecute people over it?
        
               | wmf wrote:
               | That's why I emphasized always. The laws and precedents
               | saying that anything that quacks like property is taxable
               | property are decades old so they predate Bitcoin. In 2013
               | the government just said "Remember these laws from
               | decades ago? No? They apply to you."
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | > In 2013. He pled guilty to wire fraud in 2012.
               | 
               | He pled guilty on Nov 4 2022, the wire fraud occurred in
               | 2012.
        
       | jwithington wrote:
       | TIL that you can get in trouble for stealing from other criminals
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | Why would that be surprising? You can't murder them, either.
        
           | notch656a wrote:
           | In some (even US) jurisdictions they call it 'mutual combat'
           | [0] and overlook it. In some places like Washington State
           | (not: not legal advice) one may be under the impression
           | criminal-on-criminal combat is explicitly legal. There's also
           | a lot of historical context (think outlaws in wild west) that
           | suggests that those in the American West may culturally not
           | find it surprisingly that the public would generally be OK
           | with criminals doing themselves in.
           | 
           | It's my understanding that in Texas it may even be possible
           | that killing thieves is legal there in some circumstances as
           | well.
           | 
           | Edit: perhaps I wasn't as explicit in the part to read
           | between the lines. The police in US are oft perceived as
           | being more likely to 'overlook' or consider it 'mutual
           | combat' for acts against criminals. I don't think the
           | analysis "that has nothing to do with them being criminal" is
           | really a fair conclusion.
           | 
           | [0] https://torontosun.com/news/world/no-charges-in-deadly-
           | chica...
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | That has nothing to do with them being criminals, though.
             | You and I could engage in mutual combat, if we wanted.
             | Muhammad Ali got paid quite a bit to do it.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | You also should report that income to the IRS.
        
         | toyg wrote:
         | In a honest state, with great powers, come great regulations
         | about what you are supposed to do with such powers.
         | Occasionally some responsibility too.
        
         | adrr wrote:
         | Couldn't this guy say "silkroad knew I was doing this and
         | approved". Prosecutors would have to get someone from the
         | silkroad to testify to counter that.
        
           | heavenlyblue wrote:
           | Using/owning proceeds of a crime is a crime.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | But don't the prosecutors have to prove you knew they were
             | proceeds of crime?
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | With this context that's the easy part. His behavior - in
               | numerous ways - revealed he knew what he was doing and
               | knew what Silk Road was.
        
               | adrr wrote:
               | Did Silk Road offer anything legitimate? I assume fake
               | followers for social networks isn't illegal in the US.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | That's probably what flagged them in the first place: Lots of
           | withdrawals without any deposits or sales, so appeared to be
           | a site operator.
        
           | rideontime wrote:
           | This logic didn't work for Armin Meiwes, it probably wouldn't
           | work for this guy either.
        
       | TheSoftwareGuy wrote:
       | Interestingly, in this case Silk Road is the Victim, not the
       | accused.
        
       | IceHegel wrote:
       | Crypto without privacy (by default) is dead.
        
         | MerelyMortal wrote:
         | I think you're getting ahead of yourself. It's not dead, _yet_.
         | 
         | It's very much still alive (which is probably why you're being
         | downvoted), because it has first-mover advantage and is easier
         | to use. I think eventually privacy-by-default coins like Monero
         | (XMR) will gain in popularity assuming people smarten up, so if
         | it requires people being smart, then it may never gain in
         | popularity, who knows.
        
       | evilos wrote:
       | This guy had 3 billion dollars in stolen crypto and didn't flee
       | the country? Insane.
        
         | cecilpl2 wrote:
         | No, he had $500k in stolen crypto. This was 2012.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | frontman1988 wrote:
         | Not only that, he didn't even use much of it for the past 10
         | years. Atleast he didn't have to work after college though :
         | https://www.linkedin.com/in/jimmy-zhong-01678025
        
           | m4jor wrote:
           | >Large early bitcoin investor with extensive knowledge of its
           | inner workings.
           | 
           | An interesting way to put it.
        
       | jimcavel888 wrote:
        
       | miohtama wrote:
       | The originally hack was caused by the fact that Silk Road was
       | running PHP on MySQL without transaction isolation. Many early
       | crypto exchanges had similar withdrawal bugs as they were running
       | on LAMP stacks - MySQL has been notoriosly famous for having lax
       | transaction isolation. Sometimes you could overwithdraw just by
       | hitting refresh fast enough in a web browser.
       | 
       | If you deal with money use PostgreSQL + SERIALIZABLE transaction
       | isolation level to be sure.
       | 
       | More in PostgreSQL documentation
       | https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/transaction-iso.html
       | 
       | Also Zhong was 22 years old script kiddie when he hacked Silk
       | Road. Any smart criminal would have left United States long time
       | ago if you sit on the top of $3B stash.
        
         | xyzzy4747 wrote:
         | As someone who very briefly poked around Silk Road at the time
         | (just created an account), and as someone who has used PHP with
         | the LAMP stack occasionally over the years, I am completely
         | unsurprised. Race conditions can be pretty tricky to prevent in
         | PHP, since the state is contained within different threads that
         | can't trivially communicate with each other. You need to be
         | proficient with global state mutation such as via Redis or SQL.
        
           | pmontra wrote:
           | Well, the database is there to manage and defend the data if
           | only properly instructed to do so (CHECK constraints,
           | locking, serialization.)
        
             | xyzzy4747 wrote:
             | True, but it's still not trivial, unless you've thought of
             | the race condition problems in advance. My guess is that
             | instead of keeping all the withdrawal logic in a
             | comprehensive DB transaction with good constraint checking,
             | the code was broken up into multiple sequential PHP
             | statements with transactions of simpler SQL (which is
             | likely easier from a coding perspective) and with
             | insufficient locking. This is the easier way to code it if
             | you haven't thought of or heard about race condition
             | issues.
        
               | pmontra wrote:
               | Yes, I'm sure that's what happened. The money withdrawal
               | scenario is the classic example for locking in any
               | database programming classroom but not everybody went
               | through that or remembers it.
        
               | ilyt wrote:
               | Even if you're not 100% sure in your DB code you can do
               | defense in depth approach and have the code that does the
               | money operations do some checking too.
               | 
               | Even executing queued operations with few seconds delay
               | allow you to notice say a series of withdrawals putting
               | account in negative
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Yeah, and it's Bitcoin withdrawals, nobody expects it to
               | be anywhere near instant. I doubt the market place set
               | its transaction fees very high either.
               | 
               | But then you have to create a queue that only runs 1
               | transaction per second. I guess another imperfect but
               | simpler way is to create a batch file of transactions,
               | execute hourly, but randomize or sort the sequence in a
               | way to make sure related transactions aren't executed
               | together.
        
           | amalcon wrote:
           | At the same time, this is like... data integrity 101. For
           | future reference if you want to build a system that
           | manipulates valuable information (such as monetary accounts),
           | and you've never done anything like that before:
           | 
           | Please pick a database (relational or otherwise) with ACID
           | transactions and replication, buy at least two different
           | textbooks on that specific database, read both, do any
           | exercises they suggest, and then decide whether you still
           | want to build that system. If yes, then cool: don't hold me
           | responsible if anything goes wrong, but you need to learn
           | somehow.
           | 
           | Yes, it's possible to build systems like that on non-ACID-
           | compliant databases, or without using the ACID functionality.
           | It's _much_ harder, though, and you really must understand
           | what you 're giving up in order to have a reasonable chance
           | of success.
        
             | xyzzy4747 wrote:
             | Probably the code had logic such as the following, which
             | from an amateur perspective, _seems_ to work. After all,
             | the first check prevents the withdrawal if the account
             | balance is too low, so what could go wrong?
             | $balance = sql_query("SELECT balance FROM accounts WHERE
             | account_id = " . $account_id);       if ($withdrawal_amount
             | < $balance) {         withdraw_funds($account_id,
             | $withdrawal_amount);       }
             | 
             | The correct solution of course requires putting the checks
             | in an ACID transaction along with the account balance
             | updating. This requires more work upfront (SQL is harder to
             | write than PHP) and an impatient amateur coder probably
             | didn't think of it. Also I'm guessing they didn't properly
             | index all the DB columns and this made transactions take
             | longer which exacerbates race conditions.
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | And failed to even depend on bitcoin's double-spend
         | protections. He deposited and was able to withdraw those
         | deposits within seconds: before any block was confirmed on the
         | blockchain.
        
         | hamiltonians wrote:
         | they would have arrested him overseas too
        
           | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
           | Yeah, look no further than the example of Kim Dotcom.
        
         | swalsh wrote:
         | A lot of the early Bitcoin stuff was toys which became
         | something more than toys faster than the people running it
         | could transform the toy infrastructure at it's core. In most
         | cases, they didn't have the experience necessary to make it
         | something better. Mt Gox was just a reused domain and was
         | origionally an exchange for Magic the Gathering!
        
         | deweller wrote:
         | Note that modern MySQL has SERIALIZABLE transaction isolation
         | as well:
         | 
         | https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/innodb-transaction-i...
         | https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb-transactions-and-isolation...
        
           | herpderperator wrote:
           | ...how modern are we talking? SERIALIZABLE existed over a
           | decade ago. It's mentioned here in a 2009 post.[0]
           | 
           | [0] https://ronaldbradford.com/blog/understanding-mysql-
           | innodb-t...
        
         | spiorf wrote:
         | Can confirm. Did a double withdrawal (of about 10$ at the time)
         | on an exchange years ago by blocking a POST request and firing
         | two at the same time.
         | 
         | I alerted the exchange operator and he let me keep the 10$.
        
         | Beaver117 wrote:
         | It wasnt worth anywhere near billions when he stole it. It
         | wouldn't have been worth that much until very recently
        
       | Scoundreller wrote:
       | > ZHONG did not list any item or service for sale on Silk Road,
       | nor did he buy any item or service on Silk Road
       | 
       | > ZHONG funded the Fraud Accounts with an initial deposit of
       | between 200 and 2,000 Bitcoin. After the initial deposit, ZHONG
       | then quickly executed a series of withdrawals. Through his scheme
       | to defraud, ZHONG was able to withdraw many times more Bitcoin
       | out of Silk Road than he had deposited in the first instance. As
       | an example, on September 19, 2012, ZHONG deposited 500 Bitcoin
       | into a Silk Road wallet. Less than five seconds after making the
       | initial deposit, ZHONG executed five withdrawals of 500 Bitcoin
       | in rapid succession -- i.e., within the same second -- resulting
       | in a net gain of 2,000 Bitcoin. As another example, a different
       | Fraud Account made a single deposit and over 50 Bitcoin
       | withdrawals before the account ceased its activity.
       | 
       | So Silk Road wasn't waiting for _any_ transaction
       | confirmations??? And didn't append a nonce to each withdrawal to
       | avoid duplicates?
       | 
       | Is this the guy that Ross wanted to kill?
        
         | LocalH wrote:
         | "the code is the contract"
         | 
         | "oh wait we fucked something up? shit no, give me my money
         | back"
        
           | bagels wrote:
           | Isn't that the silly thing they say about etherium, not
           | Bitcoin?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | IncRnd wrote:
         | > As another example, a different Fraud Account made a single
         | deposit and over 50 Bitcoin withdrawals before the account
         | ceased its activity.
         | 
         | > So Silk Road wasn't waiting for any transaction
         | confirmations??? And didn't append a nonce to each withdrawal
         | to avoid duplicates?
         | 
         | See the ACID properties of databases. [1] These are often put
         | to the wayside in order to have greater transaction speed. We
         | can see the results.                 In computer science, ACID
         | (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) is a       set
         | of properties of database transactions intended to guarantee
         | data validity       despite errors, power failures, and other
         | mishaps.[1] In the context of       databases, a sequence of
         | database operations that satisfies the ACID properties
         | (which can be perceived as a single logical operation on the
         | data) is called a       transaction. For example, a transfer of
         | funds from one bank account to another,       even involving
         | multiple changes such as debiting one account and crediting
         | another, is a single transaction.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACID
        
           | YetAnotherNick wrote:
           | Which of the ACID property is broken here? Transaction is by
           | definition atomic, internal consistency was not broken, and
           | isolation and durability are fine.
           | 
           | ACID makes sense in internal transfer, like the example you
           | gave:
           | 
           | > debiting one account and crediting another, is a single
           | transaction.
           | 
           | Blockchain is ACID compliant, their internal database could
           | be ACID compliant hard part is linking it together.
           | 
           | The solution here is exactly going opposite of ACID. Do a
           | transaction in database first, and hope the transaction goes
           | through Bitcoin, if not have another job reverse the
           | transaction. If the reverse job fails, have a support agent
           | manually revert the transaction. A common mistake someone
           | could do is to put transaction in processing state in the
           | database, and have another job update it to success.
        
             | IncRnd wrote:
             | > Blockchain is ACID compliant, their internal database
             | could be ACID compliant hard part is linking it together.
             | 
             | That's the issue, ACID is not ACID for a tiny bit but for
             | the transaction. See the definition you quoted, "debiting
             | one account and crediting another, is a single
             | transaction." Blockchain is absolutely not ACID compliant.
             | There must be a deterministic methodology not miner
             | consensus for ACID. Miners can even change the blockchain.
             | 
             | However, why are you even mentioning blockchain instead of
             | MYSQL without SERIALIZABLE, which enforces atomicity?
             | 
             | > The solution here is exactly going opposite of ACID.
             | 
             | What solution are you talking about? There was no solution
             | put in place, which was the cause of the thefts.
        
           | MuffinFlavored wrote:
           | > See the ACID properties of databases. [1]
           | 
           | But since this is "blockchain", is it more like... they
           | weren't polling for the right confirmation/status/update from
           | the blockchain network API thingie?
        
             | wmf wrote:
             | No, it's not blockchain. It's a SQL usage error.
        
             | IncRnd wrote:
             | > But since this is "blockchain", is it more like... they
             | weren't polling for the right confirmation/status/update
             | from the blockchain network API thingie?
             | 
             | That's the exact same mistake I referenced. The consuming
             | website should not be in charge of the atomicity of
             | transactions.
             | 
             | It doesn't matter whether the API was used incorrectly,
             | blockchain was used, or finanglesperunk was the technology.
             | The vagaries of the implementation don't matter. Sending
             | money should be atomic with the request instead of whatever
             | this was, otherwise the result might be $3.36 Billion in
             | theft.
             | 
             | PS Blockchain is a database. The developer can choose to
             | enforce SALT instead of ACID, but something wasn't done
             | right.
        
         | joyfylbanana wrote:
         | No, the bug was in the withdrawal code. Concurrency bug,
         | numerous simultaneous withdrawals have a high change of
         | succeeding and you are able to withdraw more than your actual
         | balance. Very common in amateur coded websites.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | Sure, but if silk road waited for X confirmations, it would
           | have made it at least a bit more complex to pull off.
           | 
           | (Maybe you could have just hammered it continuously, but
           | hopefully would have to predict when the blocks would be
           | confirmed. They're not exactly every 10 minutes).
           | 
           | It's not exactly related to this hack, but poor blockchain
           | practice on the part of silk road if it permitted withdraws
           | this quick after deposits.
        
             | theptip wrote:
             | If the bug is a read-modify-write sequence without a
             | transaction, then regardless of whether you wait for more
             | confirmations, the withdrawal action will always be racy
             | and vulnerable to this exploit.
             | 
             | Not waiting for confirmations would leave you vulnerable to
             | random chain forks and make 51% attacks cheaper.
        
             | ufo wrote:
             | From what they said it sounds like the issue was executing
             | the same withdrawal request more than once, unrelated to
             | the bitcoin confirmation window. The fraudulent withdrawals
             | had to happen on the same second, not merely on the same
             | hour.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | That's correct. I read the indictment and the first one
               | was done within 5 seconds of deposit, while the next
               | successful one was after 24 minutes.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nmjohn wrote:
           | > Very common in amateur coded websites.
           | 
           | Also common in professionally coded websites.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | << Do not click PAY more than once >>
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | wombatpm wrote:
         | In 2012 bitcoin was worth ~ $7.00. So 2,000 bitcoin is only
         | $14,000 but the feds too $3 billion back. Does not seem fair.
        
         | matthewaveryusa wrote:
         | I knew a guy about 10 years ago that upgraded his iphone
         | through the apple website and AT&T website at the same time,
         | received two phones, and never heard from either company about
         | a double transaction. I love these kinds of hacks -- I guess
         | it's one way to profit from hard-learned database lessons :)
        
           | nerdawson wrote:
           | When I was a kid we had vending machines for drinks in
           | school.
           | 
           | One morning I put 20p in and it immediately came back out. It
           | wasn't accepting the coin so I tried two in quick succession.
           | Both were spat back out... but the machine registered one of
           | them.
           | 
           | I of course would never exploit that repeatedly for a couple
           | free drinks and some extra change too.
        
             | hamburglar wrote:
             | The soda machine in my dorm at college had separate
             | mechanisms for "I released a soda" and "you actually got a
             | soda" and if you knew this, you could trigger the "I
             | released a soda" mechanism and delay the "you actually got
             | a soda" event until after you got your money back. You just
             | had to stick your arm up the machine and not let the
             | released soda fall while you hit the cancel button. Then
             | you got your money back and then a soda. Atomicity fail.
        
               | wildzzz wrote:
               | They were not around for very long but there was a soda
               | machine that had a conveyor belt that drinks would drop
               | down onto and then be pushed out of a flap door into the
               | bucket. The machine could detect when a drink was
               | actually vended but didn't seem to be able to detect when
               | someone was holding the door shut. You'd pay for a drink
               | and hold the door shut while the machine tried to push
               | your drink out the door. Since the door wasn't opening,
               | the machine would think that no drink ever dropped down
               | onto the conveyor belt so it would mark that specific
               | drink number as out of stock and return your money.
               | Except your drink selection was still sitting on the
               | belt. You'd pick a new drink and pay for it but this time
               | not holding the door shut, two drinks would come out for
               | the price of one. You could do this quite a few times
               | over to either get a couple free drinks or just jam the
               | machine. Out of all the vending machine "hacks" I learned
               | about in middle school, this was the only thing that ever
               | worked and only for a short time before they got quickly
               | replaced.
               | 
               | The new machines use either a basket to hold the drink
               | instead of a conveyor belt or some sort of shield to
               | prevent you from messing with the flap door until it
               | knows a drink has been vended.
        
             | philjohn wrote:
             | The tumble dryers in my halls of residence were meant to
             | take 20p (oh, those were the days, it's probably a quid
             | now), but if you put in a 1p slowly and kept turning the
             | handle it would trick it.
        
           | peteradio wrote:
           | Reminds of my older brothers friend who in second grade got
           | back in line to get his yearbook picture taken and showed up
           | twice in the yearbook with slightly different pics.
        
           | busyant wrote:
           | I have to fess up, too.
           | 
           | Back in the early 1990s, I withdrew $10 from an ATM.
           | 
           | But the machine gave me two $10s (they were stuck to each
           | other).
           | 
           | I then went back for a second transaction (secretly hoping
           | there were multiple "stuck $10s" waiting to be released).
           | 
           | The machine only dispensed a single $10 the second time, so I
           | stopped.
           | 
           | Let it be known that I owe Chemical Bank (or whoever bought
           | them) $10 + interest.
        
             | reaperducer wrote:
             | Back before all of the banks were wired together, I had a
             | friend with what we called a "bottomless ATM card."
             | 
             | He could withdraw whatever amount he wanted from the ATMs
             | at college, but since that region's ATM network wasn't
             | hooked up to his home bank's ATM network, it took months
             | for everything to reconcile.
             | 
             | He could keep withdrawing, even if he had taken out far
             | more cash than he had in his home bank account.
             | 
             | On breaks, he would go back home and pick up enough hours
             | at his part-time job to cover the difference (it wasn't
             | unusual for people to be paid weekly or in cash back then),
             | make a deposit, and everything was fine. He just had to
             | keep one step ahead of the computer batch processes.
             | 
             | Also, I think Chemical is Citibank now. I had a Chemical
             | account, and a Dime account. I still think of Citi as
             | "Chemical," though.
        
             | onemoresoop wrote:
             | First time Im hearing of an ATM dispensing $10 bills.
             | Granted, first time I started using ATMs was in the early
             | 2000s...
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | _First time Im hearing of an ATM dispensing $10 bills._
               | 
               | Back when ATMs were new, you could get any amount,
               | including change.
               | 
               | The ATMs at the Chase bank next door currently dispense
               | any bills you want, but not change. After you tell it how
               | much you want, it asks you how you would like it and you
               | can tap different denominations.
               | 
               | Last month I took out $17, just to see it work.
        
               | busyant wrote:
               | I think they even dispensed $5s at the time, but my
               | memory is a bit hazy about that.
               | 
               | At the time, my girlfriend (now wife) used to tell me I
               | wasted so much $$ on ATM fees by only withdrawing $10 at
               | a shot.
               | 
               | I told her I was not good at budgeting my money and I had
               | a tendency to spend whatever was in my pocket,
               | irrespective of the amount.
               | 
               | So, $10 was my way of putting brakes on my spending. Fees
               | were just part of the cost of my budgeting method.
               | 
               | She married me anyway.
        
             | malsanton wrote:
             | Opposite experience here! Requested $100, got back $60 with
             | two of them folded over on the corners. $100 debited from
             | bank account, filed a complaint with the bank. The
             | temporary refunded the money, did an investigation, then
             | said that the ATM actually settled at the correct number,
             | and took the money back from me. Not cool
        
           | Miserlou57 wrote:
           | I didn't get into the UC of my choice. So I appealed. This
           | was in 2006, and the appeal process was not through an online
           | application. You had to mail in a packet with your appeal
           | letter, transcripts, etc. I sent one in by the postmark
           | deadline (Friday), but it wasn't very good. So, come Monday
           | morning, I overnighted a much better one. After a week or
           | whatever, I got a message notifying me that my application
           | status had changed, but I did not get in. Then a day or two
           | later, I got another one, to which I _did_ get in.
           | 
           | Now, I don't know for sure, but I like to think two different
           | reviewers got my packets in parallel and never knew it, and
           | upon changing my status the second reviewer probably wouldn't
           | have seen any evidence of the last status change having been
           | from an appeal.
        
             | busyant wrote:
             | > I got a message notifying me that my application status
             | had changed, but I did not get in. Then a day or two later,
             | I got another one, to which I _did_ get in.
             | 
             | Back in the days before email was common, I applied for a
             | postdoc position at <famous prof's lab @ MIT>.
             | 
             | I mailed my letter to <famous prof>, expressing interest in
             | working in his lab.
             | 
             | A few days later, I asked 3 profs in my graduate program to
             | write letters of recommendation on my behalf to be mailed
             | to <famous prof>.
             | 
             | After ~10 days, I received a response letter from <famous
             | prof>, to the effect of: "Sorry, my lab is full. Won't have
             | any openings for several years. etc. etc. Thanks, but no
             | thanks."
             | 
             | I figured "Oh well.... No big deal."
             | 
             | But I was too lazy to inform the profs who were writing my
             | recommendations to stop.
             | 
             | About a week after my "rejection" letter, <famous prof>
             | phones me and says, "I always send a standard rejection
             | letter because I'm only interested in people who are
             | _aggressive_. Thanks for sending your recommendation
             | letters. I _definitely_ have openings in my lab."
             | 
             | I didn't have the heart to tell him that he only got those
             | letters because of my laziness.
        
             | nonethewiser wrote:
             | Couldnt it be the case that one packet was reviewed and
             | they updated your status, then they just chucked the
             | duplicate?
        
               | Miserlou57 wrote:
               | Yes I suppose. I just vaguely remember two different
               | notifications about it
        
         | asdfjhaweklfh wrote:
         | > Is this the guy that Ross wanted to kill?
         | 
         | No. The guy he "wanted to kill" was a moderator who didn't even
         | steal from him. A FBI agent (huray, my taxes) pretended to be a
         | drug lord for over 2yrs convincing Ross he should kill some
         | moderator with lies about he wanting to take over silkroad or
         | something, and then staged a mock assassination. All that for
         | no tangible investigative benefit other then strengthen their
         | 2yr old bro-bond.
         | 
         | That agent didn't even contribute to the actual arrest. Go read
         | wired write up of the whole thing. It's better than most
         | fiction books. Pure comedy.
         | 
         | Also, the current silk road is a honeypot set up by the Feds.
         | That's why 1) they screwed up on validating transactions (it's
         | not their money) and 2) they want after the stolen funds.
        
           | swarnie wrote:
           | Has the concept of "Entrapment" not made its way across the
           | pond yet? This seem highly unethical on the part of the FBI.
        
             | 2devnull wrote:
             | FBI is federal, unlike the police, so they can do whatever,
             | at least that's how it's playing out. The FBI is supposed
             | to be effective, not ethical. It's what's "on the tin" and
             | has always been. A good example is their treatment of MLK.
        
               | matai_kolila wrote:
               | The FBI is supposed to be ethical, that's what's on the
               | USA tin containing the FBI tin.
               | 
               | You can provide a billion examples of how the US hasn't
               | lived up to that notion, but 'liberty and justice for
               | all' is, "what's on the tin."
        
               | 2devnull wrote:
               | I think we agree, probably that what is and what should
               | be are not the same. The tension is that voters will
               | often reward politicians that are effective, rather than
               | those whom are ethical. When it comes to the safety of
               | your child, most humans go for effective over ethical.
        
               | birdyrooster wrote:
               | > When it comes to the safety of your child, most humans
               | go for effective over ethical.
               | 
               | Wouldn't the balance of the child's needs change the
               | ethical judgement (now considered ethical as well as
               | effective)? I don't see how they would be mutually
               | exclusive.
        
               | matai_kolila wrote:
               | We disagree insofar as your statement, "The FBI is
               | supposed to be effective, not ethical." They are supposed
               | to be ethical, and then effective.
        
             | glasshug wrote:
             | Entrapment is an invention of 20th century American courts.
             | See William E. Mikell, "The Doctrine of Entrapment in the
             | Federal Courts," U. Pa. L. Rev. 90 (1942), calling
             | entrapment as a defense a "purely American doctrine" not
             | considered by earlier English writers on criminal law.
             | 
             | Trivia aside, no. Entrapment is a specific concept narrower
             | than "a fed lied to me."
        
               | quietbritishjim wrote:
               | Given the mention of "across the pond", it seems the
               | parent commenter was talking about the English law
               | meaning of entrapment. That is where you are enticed to
               | commit a crime by a law agency. Technically it's still a
               | crime and there's no legal defence based on entrapment,
               | but courts will tend not to prosecute if "the police did
               | more than present the defendant with an unexceptional
               | opportunity to commit a crime".
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | I'm assuming you pulled that from Wikipedia, which is
               | what Google points to for that phrase. You've radically
               | oversimplified Wikipedia's coverage of UK entrapment, and
               | Wikipedia oversimplifies UK law. "More than an
               | unexceptional opportunity to commit a crime" is just one
               | factor in a complex analysis. The "exceptional"
               | opportunity _starts_ the consideration of entrapment; it
               | doesn 't end it.
        
               | quietbritishjim wrote:
               | Yes I got that quote via Wikipedia. So what? It, in turn,
               | is a direct quote from a judgement from the Law Lords,
               | which set a precedent - the main precedent on the subject
               | if that Wikipedia article is to be believed.
               | 
               | Yes, no kidding it's a more complicated subject than that
               | one short sentence I write about it. But my point was
               | just that it's different from any notion of entrapment,
               | or lack of, in the US.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | The point is that it's simply not the case that the state
               | tends not to prosecute in cases where "the police did
               | more than present the defendant with an unexceptional
               | opportunity to commit a crime".
        
             | cragfar wrote:
             | FBI gets a wide berth from the courts. A couple of years
             | ago, they seized some TOR child porn website, and then
             | started making upgrades to it causing the userbase to
             | increase by 30%. Then they tried to pin that user count on
             | the person they arrested.
        
           | alphabetting wrote:
           | > Also, the current silk road is a honeypot set up by the
           | Feds. That's why 1) they screwed up on validating
           | transactions (it's not their money) and 2) they want after
           | the stolen funds.
           | 
           | The DOJ release says these transactions were from 2012
        
           | Ecio78 wrote:
           | this bitcoin theft happened in September 2012, before Ross
           | Ulbricht got arrested (in 2013) so when Silk Road was active
           | and not a Feds' honeypot like you describe.
        
           | neetfreek wrote:
           | Part I of an account of the wild story can be found here;
           | it's really quite interesting, at the least!
           | 
           | https://web.archive.org/web/20220112152207/https://www.wired.
           | ..
        
           | SubjectToChange wrote:
           | > No. The guy he "wanted to kill" was a moderator who didn't
           | even steal from him.
           | 
           | Ross Ulbricht commissioned 5 murders fully expecting each of
           | them to be carried out.
           | 
           | > All that for no tangible investigative benefit other then
           | strengthen their 2yr old bro-bond.
           | 
           | The murder-for-hire evidence denied him bail. But the
           | prosecutor already had Ulbricht nailed and decided to avoid
           | complicating the case by formally filing the murder-for-hire
           | charges. Would your tax dollars have been better used if Mr.
           | Ulbricht had additional life sentences and decades of prison?
           | No, he is going to die in a prison cell either way.
           | 
           | Ross Ulbricht built his empire, in large part, by profiting
           | off people's suffering. And he exhibited time and time again
           | that he would murder people to protect it. He is nothing
           | short of evil.
        
             | pmarreck wrote:
             | > built his empire, in large part, by profiting off
             | people's suffering.
             | 
             | LOL. Wow. You clearly have no sense for nuance whatsoever.
             | 
             | https://www.wired.com/2014/06/silk-road-study/
             | 
             | https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2013/10/did-
             | s...
             | 
             | Silk Road reduced deaths in a black market that was always
             | there and would always continue to be there regardless of
             | the presence of Silk Road. Period. Given that black markets
             | are going to continue to exist, since anti-drug laws are
             | dumb (just like Prohibition was; regulation of an
             | irrepressible market is always superior to "illegalization"
             | in a vain attempt to suppress it), _it is at least less bad
             | if there are fewer killings_.
             | 
             | Entrapment is unethical precisely because you can use it to
             | enforce a law regardless of the ethical justification of
             | the law. If it was a capital offense to have sex before
             | marriage in 2040 in the United Christian Dictatorship of
             | America, and another Ross Ulbricht type came along and made
             | it possible for teens to seek and meet in secret online,
             | and a christo-fascist cop pretended to be a hot girl on
             | said system while pretending to threaten to take the whole
             | thing down unless a ransom was paid, and ANOTHER christo-
             | fascist cop (or the same one pretending to be someone else)
             | offered a "solution" to this by "getting rid of" the
             | "problem"... Do you see where I'm going with this? Future
             | Ross Ulbricht just wanted people to be able to find
             | physical love before committing to wed!! Certainly not
             | guilty enough to do life in prison, because _no actual
             | murders ever actually occurred._
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | tptacek wrote:
             | A reminder that the murder-for-hire schemes were a
             | predicate of the conspiracy charge in his indictment; he
             | was in part charged for them.
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | But conspiracy charge depends on overt act(s), so being
               | convicted of conspiracy doesn't necessarily mean he was
               | convicted on the basis that particular overt act
               | occurred. The prosecution never had to prove all the
               | overt acts, including murder-for-hire, were true to
               | convict for the more generalized non-murder conspiracy.
               | Just that some subset of overt acts were true.
        
               | xapata wrote:
               | > prove
               | 
               | There are different levels of proof. For example, civil
               | court only requires a preponderance of evidence.
        
             | fossuser wrote:
             | It might have been worth them formally filing the murder-
             | for-hire charges just to save us from having to read his
             | supporters repeatedly say they weren't real.
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | Don't worry, even though he wasn't convicted of them, his
               | sentencing included the alleged activity and punished him
               | for it anyway!
        
             | onemoresoop wrote:
             | In my opinion the Sackler family has cause a lot more
             | suffering and they see no day in prison. And they're not
             | the only lords who get away with murder. Yet a guy like
             | Ulbricht gets to spend a lifetime in jail... This is a
             | miscarriage of justice unless all monsters are locked up
             | and all would be fair. It could be argued that Ulbricht
             | caused no suffering but alleviated it by providing a
             | service for people to buy their "drugs" by skipping meeting
             | a shady dealer...
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | The arbitrary nature of what's become of "justice" is
               | only magnified as the wealth gap increases.
        
               | broknbottle wrote:
               | The Sackler's had their name stripped from museum
               | exhibits, campuses, etc, which I'm sure hurts at the end
               | of the day.
               | 
               | The US government really should have went the extra mile
               | and stripped the Sackler family of every penny they had..
               | to the point that they were forced to beg for spare
               | change on the side of the road e.g. Mortimer & Randolph
               | Duke style.
               | 
               | > The bankruptcy judge acknowledged that the Sacklers had
               | moved money to offshore accounts to protect it from
               | claims, and he said he wished the settlement had been
               | higher
               | 
               | https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/01/health/purdue-
               | sacklers-op...
        
               | tunesmith wrote:
               | > In my opinion the Sackler family has cause a lot more
               | suffering and they see no day in prison.
               | 
               | So what? Which is it, are you in favor of a lighter
               | sentence for Ulbricht, or a heavier sentence for the
               | Sackler family?
        
               | onemoresoop wrote:
               | To be honest I don't know, I just expect justice to do
               | it's bidding and make the world a better place for all of
               | us. What bothers me is that the rich get away with murder
               | while the rest of us are held at a different standard. It
               | also seems to me that the Sacklers' caused a lot more
               | harm while this guy is not as evil as purported to be and
               | doesn't disserve to be locked up for life. Should the
               | justice be harsh for everyone I'd swallow that pill but
               | it's not. I'm just comparing the amount of suffering
               | caused and the received sentence. And there's no what,
               | it's just an ordinary person's opinion, an opinion that
               | does not change anything.
        
               | tunesmith wrote:
               | I respect where you're coming from, but here's an
               | opinion, that if adopted, _may_ influence where you
               | choose to stop or continue your thought process.
               | 
               | I see this "comparison" form of objection quite a bit,
               | where someone points out relative injustice without
               | taking a stand on which way to go. Once you notice it,
               | you start seeing it everywhere.
               | 
               | In terms of conversation, it almost always seems to have
               | a muting effect, of freezing the momentum towards
               | figuring out what should be done. Desiring consistency is
               | honorable, but these sorts of scenarios further ask us
               | which way we want to apply that consistency. While each
               | individual case probably wouldn't make a difference, I
               | think when we refuse to answer those questions as a
               | society, it makes it more likely for these imbalances to
               | occur. So I think it's worthwhile to try and think it
               | through, take a stand, and voice a stand.
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | That alleged right of criminals to be persecuted in
               | strictly descending order of severity simply does not
               | exist. Finding some bigger wrong does not make a right.
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | > That alleged right of criminals to be persecuted in
               | strictly descending order of severity simply does not
               | exist.
               | 
               | Exactly. Justice does not exist at that level of wealth,
               | and this is a core problem in western society.
               | 
               | Well pointed out.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | > this is a core problem in western society
               | 
               | Are there any societies, historical or current, where the
               | extremely rich and powerful face justice in the way you
               | would like, other than by pissing off other extremely
               | rich and powerful people?
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | In China they say you can get away with anything as long
               | as nobody dies.
               | 
               | For example, in the 2008 Chinese milk scandal, two people
               | were sentenced to death and three received life
               | sentences.
        
               | BLKNSLVR wrote:
               | I did wonder whether I should include 'western' or not. I
               | probably shouldn't have, since, I agree with your point,
               | it's not a area that distinguishes western from non-
               | western.
        
             | kcatskcolbdi wrote:
             | > Ross Ulbricht built his empire, in large part, by
             | profiting off people's suffering.
             | 
             | He built Silk Road, which allowed people to sell drugs to
             | one another.
             | 
             | If the 'people's suffering' you are referencing is the use
             | of drugs, I hope you have this same ire for the
             | pharmaceutical companies and physicians prescribing opioids
             | linked to over 500k deaths in the US over the past two
             | decades[1]. I hope you feel the same ire for the CIA who
             | facilitated and supported the Nicaraguan Contra groups'
             | smuggling of crack into the US to finance their coup
             | attempt[2].
             | 
             | I would hope the "nothing short of evil" rhetoric isn't
             | exclusively saved for the kid who built an onion site and
             | then was entrapped by FBI agents into a murder-for-hire
             | scheme of their creation.
             | 
             | [1]https://www.npr.org/2022/11/02/1133523740/cvs-health-
             | agrees-...
             | [2]https://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB113/north06.pdf
        
               | IncRnd wrote:
               | >> Ross Ulbricht built his empire, in large part, by
               | profiting off people's suffering.
               | 
               | > He built Silk Road, which allowed people to sell drugs
               | to one another.
               | 
               | Actually, that's the tiniest part. [1]
               | The Silk Road was an online black market where buyers and
               | sellers of illegal or       unethical items could
               | transact anonymously. Utilizing privacy techniques such
               | as the Tor network and cryptocurrency transactions,
               | people were able to       transact in drugs, hacked
               | passwords, illegal data, and other contraband.
               | 
               | Or, you could look at _how he used_ Silk Road, to
               | contract killers. [2]                 MANY OF THE
               | ideological supporters of the Silk Road have described
               | its       sprawling online black market for drugs as an
               | experiment in victimless crime       and a nonviolent
               | alternative to the bloody turf wars of the streets. But
               | prosecutors in the trial of Ross Ulbricht, the 30-year-
               | old accused of running       that anonymous bazaar, have
               | pointed to one conversation they say shows the
               | contrary: That the Silk Road's boss was willing to resort
               | to the drug trade's       most violent measures when it
               | suited his needs.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/silk-road.asp
               | 
               | [2] https://www.wired.com/2015/02/read-transcript-silk-
               | roads-bos...
        
               | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
               | Literally fake news. Don't believe everything you read,
               | especially if the source is a prosecutor.
        
       | ISL wrote:
       | Pretty impressive that we've advanced technologically and as a
       | society to the point where we can now store somewhere between
       | much and all of the GDP of Belize " (a) in an underground floor
       | safe; and (b) on a single-board computer that was submerged under
       | blankets in a popcorn tin stored in a bathroom closet."
        
         | lern_too_spel wrote:
         | What's stored on the computer is a number that gives access to
         | a wallet. You could also store a number that gives access to a
         | Swiss bank account on a piece of paper in the 18th century. I
         | wouldn't call the technology advanced.
        
         | nso wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_most_expensive_paintin...
         | ).
        
       | sigmar wrote:
       | >various metals also seized from ZHONG's home.
       | 
       | Anyone know what this refers to? Gold seized? or maybe metal
       | plates with cold wallet keys taken from the safe?
        
         | greyface- wrote:
         | From the affidavit (https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/press-
         | release/file/1549821...):
         | 
         | > The metal items consisted of four one-ounce silver-colored
         | bars, three one-ounce gold-colored bars, four 10-ounce silver-
         | colored bars, and one gold-colored coin, all seized from
         | Individual-1's home on November 9, 2021.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | > silver-colored
           | 
           | So they weren't actual silver... So they were probably just
           | novelty display pieces?
           | 
           | And even if they were real metals, the total dollar value of
           | that lot isn't very high.
        
             | jeremyjh wrote:
             | My guess is they were precious metals, but the agent's
             | report immediately after the seizure doesn't presume to
             | know that; they just report what they can observe, and they
             | may have them analyzed/valued later.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Or they didn't bother sending it away for analysis, since
             | it's such a tiny aspect of the case financially.
        
       | gzer0 wrote:
       | > _Nearly five years after ZHONG's fraud, in August 2017, solely
       | by virtue of ZHONG's possession of the 50,000 Bitcoin that he
       | unlawfully obtained from Silk Road, ZHONG received a matching
       | amount of a related cryptocurrency -- 50,000 Bitcoin Cash ("BCH
       | Crime Proceeds") -- on top of the 50,000 Bitcoin._
       | 
       | And presumably, this is how he was caught. He hid his identity
       | really well. The withdrawal of BCH eventually led to his
       | downfall.
        
         | paulpauper wrote:
         | What are you basing this on? It could have been any other
         | possibility
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | It didn't, not officially anyway.
         | 
         | The feds pinned him on what appears to a mixup by the accused
         | between his "unclean" and "clean" wallet wallets when dealing
         | with a crypto broker with an IP that pointed to his house for
         | several years.
         | 
         | Starts around 22 here: https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/press-
         | release/file/1549821...
        
       | dagaci wrote:
       | The question is will the USA government refund what was stolen to
       | the victim "Silk Road"?
       | (https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/silk-road.asp) Is there a
       | protocol for this kind of event?
        
       | [deleted]
        
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