[HN Gopher] Tim Berners-Lee: 'Web3 is not the web at all'
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Tim Berners-Lee: 'Web3 is not the web at all'
        
       Author : TangerineDream
       Score  : 200 points
       Date   : 2022-11-04 16:57 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cnbc.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cnbc.com)
        
       | otikik wrote:
       | Web3 is a series of scams connected together by grift.
        
         | ETH_start wrote:
         | Fundamentally, it's being able to control digital assets, like
         | a unique name, or digital currency, with your own device.
         | 
         | You can even forego the speculative aspect of it entirely, and
         | just hold USDC/DAI. Sending value is as simple as effecting a
         | transaction from your browser-based MetaMask wallet.
         | 
         | The technology still has major missing pieces, like privacy
         | (which isn't helped by OFAC's recent designation that prohibits
         | Americans from using the largest Ethereum-based privacy
         | protocol), but the fundamental functionality is a major
         | innovation and leap.
        
       | stevenalowe wrote:
       | Solid is a great technical idea with no compelling application.
       | yet.
       | 
       | web3 is just a terrible idea
        
       | zeroclip wrote:
       | Web3 is just "web with a sprinkle of crypto and blockchains." The
       | problem space is narrow, and different than what DNS and HTTPS
       | tries to solve. But its not useless, and probably will continue
       | to grow as part of the web.
        
       | yawz wrote:
       | Thankfully it doesn't take to be TB-L to deduce that.
        
       | WFHRenaissance wrote:
       | Everyone on HN needs to take a week to actually look into crypto
       | projects. Nothing that makes headlines is ever good, and it's
       | clear that's where most of the opinions of it on here are sourced
       | from.
       | 
       | You're doing yourself a definite disservice by not investing a
       | smidgeon of your time.
       | 
       | You are looking at a garden and remarking about the rotten
       | veggies on the soil floor.
        
         | ausbah wrote:
         | why is it up to me to "learn the rea crypto"? the best things
         | coming out the space should be enough to speak about the
         | quality of the domain
        
         | pornel wrote:
         | You should also spend a week getting into homeopathy and a week
         | writing horoscopes.
        
       | mjburgess wrote:
       | I count myself as a glad evangelist of the counter-reaction to
       | this wave of technobabble charlatanism.
       | 
       | Can we arrange to bankrupt Andreeson? Can we un-fi defi? Can we
       | jail them all?
       | 
       | I'd suppose not. I'd hope someone has a match: light it!
        
       | Communitivity wrote:
       | I hate Web3...and I love Web3.
       | 
       | Let me explain.
       | 
       | Web3 is akin to SOA. The concept of service-orientation was
       | great. We could think of systems as discrete services, each
       | single responsibility, and each working with other services to
       | accomplish a system. Awesome. And so it became popular. Then
       | training courses, certifications, consultants all started to
       | appear in order to cash in on this new thing. It took little time
       | to get to the point where you could ask 10 people what SOA really
       | meant and get 15 different answers, some of them completely
       | incompatible with each other.
       | 
       | A similar thing happened with REST. A similar thing happens to
       | many ground-breaking technologies that get popular, or make good
       | sound-bites.
       | 
       | So..Web3. Web3 started as a bunch of other things:
       | 
       | * VRM - Vendor Relationship Management, the inverse of Customer
       | Relationship Management, where the power and data control is
       | shifted to the customer
       | 
       | * Decentralized Identifiers - IDs that aren't controlled by some
       | third party organization like Google, your company, or the
       | government. This has come in different versions, including info:,
       | XRIs, SOLID, DIDs.
       | 
       | * DApps - Applications that run within the browser and
       | communicate among themselves (and possibly other services) to
       | accomplish tasks and save state. Everyone ties DApps to
       | blockchain smart contracts, but that is just one implementation
       | of the DApp concept.
       | 
       | * DAO - Distributed Autonomous Organizations. This is nothing
       | more than a set of cooperating software agents that execute
       | control over assets based on a provided policy. Policy could be
       | if/else rules, a smart contract, a machine learning CN, or other
       | things. So again, not necessarily blockchain. Charles Stross's
       | Accelerando has a great example of a DAO.
       | 
       | * Distributed Ledgers - This is where the blockchain comes in.
       | However, you don't need to use a cryptocurrency to do a
       | distributed ledger, it's just a common way of doing it right now
       | that is perpetuated in part because it makes people money. Check
       | out the Apache Hyperledger project for more info on distributed
       | ledgers.
       | 
       | * Decentralized Web - Am early term that combined some of the
       | above. Which of the above depends on who you are talking to, but
       | often it included VRM, DApps, Decentralized Identifiers and
       | possibly Distributed Ledgers.
       | 
       | Now add hype (lot's of hype) and a hunger for cash (an insatiable
       | hunger, think Ghnomb, the troll god of eat from David Edding's
       | Elenium series). Both of those things latched onto
       | cryptocurrencies and stirred them into the Decentralized Web mix
       | of concepts. This amalgam birthed the abomination we know as
       | Web3.
       | 
       | But don't worry, Web4 is just around the corner. It'll arrive as
       | soon as a new innovative technology arrives that is deemed a
       | sufficiently hype-worthy and plump-enough cash cow. My bet is
       | that you will start seeing VR/AR as Web4 within the next few
       | years.
       | 
       | Barnhill's First Law: Any technology movement with a number in
       | it's name is hyper - either ignore it or seek to understand the
       | possibly 20% gems within it and throw away the 80% dross (e.g.,
       | Web3 and 5G).
        
       | abeppu wrote:
       | So, we should ignore Web3. Fine.
       | 
       | But should we ignore Solid? The project started in 2016. Can you
       | _do_ anything with it yet? You can "start a pod", but all the
       | apps are clearly written to demonstrate the platform features
       | rather than to _do_ anything or meet any user need. Of the ones
       | listed, I couldn't actually get any to work with a newly created
       | pod.
       | 
       | https://solidproject.org/users/get-a-pod
       | https://solidproject.org/apps
        
         | pornel wrote:
         | It sucks that web3 marketing has hijacked the concept of
         | decentralisation.
         | 
         | Suddenly privately hosted data, federation, WoT, or P2P don't
         | count as decentralised if there isn't any blockchain involved
         | with a token to sell.
         | 
         | They've rebranded private keys as "wallets" and act as if
         | cryptography couldn't be done without transferring some
         | Monopoly money at the same time.
        
         | ajacksified wrote:
         | Hi, I work at Inrupt (Tim's company.) Here's two recent
         | examples:
         | 
         | The BBC just announced that they're hosting Solid Pods for
         | personal data, allowing users to control access to their
         | information[1][2].
         | 
         | The government of Flanders is hosting Solid Pods for citizen
         | data[3].
         | 
         | Solidproject.org is a community-led project, but I'd recommend
         | trying out going through our docs at https://docs.inrupt.com
         | under "getting started" if you'd like to play around with it.
         | Feel free to let me know if you have any issues or questions.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/blog/2022-10-social-tv-and-
         | personal...
         | 
         | [2] https://advanced-television.com/2022/10/27/bbc-social-tv-
         | per...
         | 
         | [3] https://inrupt.com/blog/digital-flanders-reconnects-
         | citizens...
        
           | abeppu wrote:
           | Hi, thanks for responding. I already created a pod from the
           | provider referenced in those docs (i.e. start.inrupt.com). It
           | shows me a WebID url and a data storage url. What can one do
           | with these? What can one do with a pod? The documentation
           | says you can 'view' your pod, and links to some SDKS.
           | 
           | I tried looking at the apps on this page, starting from the
           | top: https://solidproject.org/apps
           | 
           | - MediaKraken: If you click the button indicating you want to
           | use Solid to store stuff, it presents a box in which to put a
           | URL to log in. It won't accept either of the two URLs given
           | above. Following experiences with other apps, I sub in
           | `https://login.inrupt.com`. I can pass through the login page
           | at inrupt, but the redirect brings me to an error page. I can
           | repeat this loop ad infinitum.
           | 
           | - Penny: presents a box in which to put a URL to login. I
           | can't log in with either of the URLs listed above, but it
           | present a modal suggesting I try using `login.inrupt.com`
           | instead. After a couple tries, I can get in to browse and see
           | that I have no content. Yay.
           | 
           | - Solid IDE: I get a 404
           | 
           | - Solid File Manager: After trying Penny, I know to enter
           | https://login.inrupt.com in the login box. I can again browse
           | my lack of data.
           | 
           | - Pod Pro (an IDE for editing pods). I can log in and see
           | that there's basically nothing to edit. I have no contacts,
           | but the files they would presumably eventually go in have
           | some markup which I can mess up.
           | 
           | So far, I've yet to encounter an app that actually seems to
           | do anything useful. Upon creating my pod I was shown 2 URLs
           | and it turns out that none of the apps I encountered will
           | accept them for anything.
           | 
           | I'd love for this to be a vibrant ecosystem of actually
           | useful stuff. But so far it seems like an empty room that's
           | awkward to get into. I think my new pod will be as neglected
           | as my urbit planet, and for the same reasons.
           | 
           | Years ago I remember talking to someone about whether
           | hadoop/mapreduce could help address some problem they were
           | encountering -- but they had neither the data collection
           | infrastructure or data analysis knowledge. It's not that
           | mapreduce wasn't a good tool, but to him of course a
           | framework that can run jobs he doesn't have and doesn't know
           | how to write on data he doesn't yet have was pointless. A
           | framework can need a lot of enabling conditions to be useful.
           | I'm not sure what those are for Solid.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Solid is probably not going to happen and it does give TimBL
         | the appearance of a conflict of interest, but if you can put
         | that aside his point stands.
        
           | krapp wrote:
           | It stands either way.
           | 
           | One can have a conflict of interest, or even be a hypocrite,
           | and still be correct.
        
           | abeppu wrote:
           | I don't think there's a 'conflict of interest' here; he has a
           | startup, was talking at a web conference, and expressed an
           | opinion about the landscape. I don't take issue with his
           | points about web3.
           | 
           | I would like to see _something_ that moves towards
           | decentralization (or at least weaker centralization / greater
           | portability), and if it's not Solid, I hope something else
           | will step into that gap. But I am genuinely confused why
           | there's not at least _something_ useful built on that
           | framework after several years.
        
       | throw7 wrote:
       | "Personal data stores have to be fast, cheap and private."
       | 
       | Uh yeah. That's called a Personal Computer - "PC" if you haven't
       | heard of it.
       | 
       | The problem is that technology came along and gave us a "PC" in
       | our hand (cell phones) that wasn't a "PC". What we need is an
       | actual "PC" in our hand. That is: a cell phone that is under the
       | control of the user (and no, a "global single-sign on" sounds
       | absolutely worse than "web3" <- whatever that is).
        
         | bhauer wrote:
         | For a decade now, or perhaps longer, I've been wanting a first-
         | class general purpose computer in the form factor of a cell
         | phone. Microsoft has danced ever-so-close to providing us this,
         | through several iterations of rumored "Surface Phones," and in
         | showcasing the promise (if not necessarily the execution) of a
         | viable dockable phone in the Windows 10 Mobile era. A few Linux
         | flavors of the same concept have circulated through history as
         | well, but none particularly viable.
         | 
         | Failing that, I'd like a computing model that I call PAO,
         | Personal Application Omnipresence, where all of my devices are
         | terminals to my own application server [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://tiamat.tsotech.com/pao
        
       | constantcrying wrote:
       | Blockchains just are not a particularly good datastructure for
       | most applications.
       | 
       | In cryptospace you will easily find projects where the creators
       | took an idea and inserted a blockchain instead of a traditional
       | database. Web3 is the same idea. But this idea is obviously
       | really bad, blockchains are an extremely niche datastructure.
       | They are write only and established by consensus. Most databases
       | shouldn't have these properties and forcing them in will lead
       | into a giant mess.
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | And now... we've also hit the ricochet point where now people
         | are taking things backed by a regular centralized database and
         | using blockchain marketing terms for it. Because that's
         | apparently where the $$ is.
         | 
         | I'm crying too :-)
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | They are not write only. Ethereum is a VM. Smart contracts are
         | not databases, they are objects, classes, methods, and
         | applications. They can be thought of as in memory applications
         | or long lived processes.
        
           | constantcrying wrote:
           | >They are not write only. I guess you _can_ delete data from
           | a blockchain by having a rollback.
           | 
           | The etherium blockchain also is much more than a "block
           | chain". But it is still very much a solution in search of a
           | usecase.
           | 
           | Digital money is the only area where a blockchain is a
           | sensible choice from a _technical_ point of view, that I know
           | of. Although I am entirely unconvinced that bitcoin or
           | etherium actually are even close to a viable interpretation
           | of digital money. Say what you want about paypal, it isn 't
           | distributing my payment details publically.
        
       | superkuh wrote:
       | I'd go further than this and suggest that web applications, sites
       | that don't display anything without executing code, are not web
       | at all. They just use web protocol to transfer the executable.
       | And pretty soon most web applications will switch to using HTTP/3
       | implemented on QUIC so they won't even be using HTTP.
        
         | notyourwork wrote:
         | Ding, ding, ding! We started diverging from the "web" long ago
         | with the introduction of SPA.
        
           | lolive wrote:
           | Funnily, the fact that Google can only index
           | resources/documents associated to a URL has saved the whole
           | concept of the web (for now).
           | 
           | Note: and the fact that there is no search engine inside
           | companies has led them to disregard the concept of
           | permalinks. All SPAs there simply never change the URL in the
           | address bar. Which is an HORRIBLE experience as a user!
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | > Funnily, the fact that Google can only index
             | resources/documents associated to a URL has saved the whole
             | concept of the web (for now).
             | 
             | That's a great point. You wouldn't believe the hemming and
             | hawing that ensues at work when teams encounter SEO-driven
             | constraints.
        
         | samwillis wrote:
         | The web platform, HTML/js/css in a browser, is one of the
         | greatest inventions of all time. Its versatility is
         | immeasurable. The fact we have one toolkit that scales from a
         | simple text based publishing platform to full application
         | development environment, is insane. It covers all paradigms of
         | computing, from thin client to full offline enabled local
         | computing.
         | 
         | It is incredible that the community have built this general
         | purpose platform, and that it's not only versatile but also
         | incredibly performant.
         | 
         | Modern JS engines are only 50% the speed of native C, no
         | compiler or toolkit needed. How insane is that!
         | 
         | CSS/HTML is growing from strength to strength, it's a gui
         | toolkit with so much power universally supported on all
         | computing platforms, from phones to desktops. It has so many
         | features, and is so extendable, but anyone can use it anywhere.
         | There's no limit to its capability, or who can use it to build
         | their inventions.
         | 
         | The same toolkit can be used by small children to explore the
         | ideas around "programming" all the way up to the best
         | developers in the world.
         | 
         | Honestly the argument that we have somehow gone wrong with
         | html/css/js is absurd. What this platform has contributed to
         | humanity is immeasurable.
         | 
         | The "original vision" of the web as a publishing platform for
         | text may be dead. But it lives on as a publishing platform for
         | human invention, ingenuity and creativity.
        
           | kaba0 wrote:
           | While I absolutely agree regarding the immeasurable
           | contribution to humanity part, I feel it happened _despite_
           | HTML /CSS, not because of it. I still think that it is a very
           | inefficient and bad abstraction for general purpose layouts
           | and only recently with flexbox/grid did it basically got
           | feature-parity with things like.. WinForms.
           | 
           | Js used to be pretty bad as well, but hats down, they did
           | alleviate many of the shortcomings and made it into a decent
           | language (though I do get grumpy when it is overused at
           | places where it has no reason to be)
        
           | beebmam wrote:
           | This is beautifully said and absolutely true. The HTML/js/css
           | platform is truly incredible. Looking forward to seeing how
           | people can use WASM in incredible ways!
        
             | samwillis wrote:
             | Absolutely, and like all new things some of the original
             | uses will not work out but what it brings to the table is
             | awesome. (I'm unconvinced by trying to "speed up" normal
             | web apps with it)
             | 
             | The two places I'm most excited about it is using it in
             | combination with WebGPU for games/engineering/ai/science,
             | and with the "origin privet file system" enabling client
             | side databases such as SQLite and DuckDB. I think it's the
             | final peace of the jigsaw to make PWAs take off like a
             | rocket.
             | 
             | Honestly, PWAs are the true future of the web, the perfect
             | extension of its vision.
        
             | tracker1 wrote:
             | I have somewhat mixed feelings on WASM... you can't "peak"
             | into it nearly as much as JS... but even JS has gone past
             | the point of being really decipherable by humans in
             | production sites for a while.
             | 
             | I know there's some boundary issues with performance and
             | hope that it can be worked out in a meaningful/reasonable
             | way. I think WASM gets much more interesting in server
             | hosted platform environments. You get largely portable code
             | that can run wherever (x86, arm, risc-v, etc) and is in a
             | secure environment, read-only into itself.
        
         | cmckn wrote:
         | > soon most web applications will switch to using HTTP/3
         | implemented on QUIC so they won't even be using HTTP.
         | 
         | HTTP/3 is definitely still HTTP. QUIC is replacing _TCP_.
        
       | hiidrew wrote:
       | > His new startup aims to address this through three ways: A
       | global "single sign-on" feature that lets anyone log in from
       | anywhere. Login IDs that allow users to share their data with
       | others. A "common universal API," or application programming
       | interface, that lets apps pull data from any source.
       | 
       | Cool to see his project is centered around these goals, but also
       | funny because these are some of the few aspects that I find
       | interesting about Ethereum. Much more interested in the
       | identity/SSO potential vs the financial stuff.
        
         | ChainOfFools wrote:
         | decentralization of X does not and cannot exist without
         | decentralized funding of X.
         | 
         | this is why there is simply no way to separate blockchain (as
         | an implementation of decentralized X) from tradeable
         | cryptocurrency derived from units of X.
         | 
         | this is not in any way a defense or support for cryptocurrency,
         | only that it is nonsense to claim decentralization of function
         | can exist independently from decentralization of funding. that
         | cryptocurrency is designed to explicitly realize this principle
         | doesn't excuse its failure to do so.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | _decentralization of X does not and cannot exist without
           | decentralized funding of X._
           | 
           | An essential observation. It's easy to design some kind of
           | decentralized utopia but the future can't run on a trickle of
           | Patreon donations. Decentralized business models that don't
           | rely on pump-and-dumps are very thin on the ground.
           | 
           | I wonder if we'll run out of volunteer Mastodon sysadmins at
           | some point.
        
           | robin_reala wrote:
           | Your point would perhaps be better made if you gave any
           | explanation of why this is the case.
        
             | chrisco255 wrote:
             | I generally agree with him, although there are exceptions.
             | You can't generally replace the functionality that
             | centralized servers provide without some sort of mechanic
             | to compensate and incentivize the decentralized nodes
             | themselves. If you relied on VISA or Paypal and charged a
             | fee for the service in that sense, well you now have to
             | stand up an organization that gets to straddle the network
             | and effectively control it. And now that organization has a
             | legal surface area, as well as an administrative surface
             | area that is attackable and can compromise the network
             | itself.
        
       | encryptluks2 wrote:
       | Truth be told, while a legend of his time Tim Berners-Lee is a
       | dinosaur who while likely has great insight also comes from a
       | different generation. He's not much different than other
       | blockchain cheerleaders each pushing their own solution. IPFS is
       | the closest we've came to Web3 or whatever you want to call it,
       | but there is still a lot of issues. Where blockchain solutions
       | fall short is none of them are really decentralized. An ideal
       | Web3 IMO would be a distributed storage that you can contribute a
       | certain amount of storage on practically any device and it is
       | able to predict and allocate resources efficiently to scale at
       | datacenter level performance.
        
         | trollerator23 wrote:
         | Old man yells at cloud!
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | > Where blockchain solutions fall short is none of them are
         | really decentralized.
         | 
         | Of course they are. If this is a no true Scotsman argument
         | please advise so I can move on to more productive discussions.
         | 
         | Filecoin or Arweave are essentially what you describe, but of
         | course they don't achieve data center performance. That doesn't
         | mean they aren't decentralized. There are trade-offs to
         | decentralization.
        
         | valdiorn wrote:
         | So, basically Pied Piper Net?
        
           | encryptluks2 wrote:
           | Yep.. from what I remember. It is definitely the dream but
           | still not a reality.
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Web3 is an online casino.
        
       | jandrese wrote:
       | I don't even understand what Web3 is. Whenever I try to learn
       | about it the discussion digresses into blockchain pyramid schemes
       | that clearly won't scale and other such nonsense. Certainly Web3
       | isn't just crypto-bros trying to take over the web? Why would
       | anybody outside of the crypto scam sphere care about it if that
       | were the case?
        
         | koromak wrote:
         | Deploying a whole ass web application on small, immutable smart
         | contracts seems inane to me. Reminds me of something
         | programmers do not because its powerful, but because its hard
         | and it makes them feel cool.
        
           | SrslyJosh wrote:
           | They won't, because they can't. Executing a smart contract
           | costs thousands of times more than executing a normal piece
           | of software. Everything you see would still be served by an
           | ordinary web server, and interactions with the blorpchain are
           | all mediated by one or two centralized API services.
           | 
           | It's a potemkin village.
        
             | chrisco255 wrote:
             | > Executing a smart contract costs thousands of times more
             | than executing a normal piece of software.
             | 
             | No, not necessarily. For one let's qualify that statement.
             | Smart contracts on Ethereum are executed 100,000+ times by
             | every node on the network, which is providing security and
             | uptime for the network.
             | 
             | Some software transactions have external costs associated
             | with them, such as financial transactions. Doing an
             | international bank transfer may simply boil down to a
             | credit in one SQL database and a debit in another SQL
             | database but it still can cost dozens to thousands of
             | dollars depending on the amount, and the situation. Even a
             | VISA credit card transaction costs 1.5-3%. You as a
             | consumer don't see that cost, the retailer is eating it
             | though, and marking up their products and services to
             | accommodate that fee.
             | 
             | But ETH transaction fees do not scale with the value of the
             | transaction, it simply scales with the demand for the
             | limited block space.
             | 
             | Ethereum community has been actively developing solutions
             | for this problem, by developing optimistic rollups and zero
             | knowledge rollups, which are effectively able to compress
             | transactions and scale the network throughout by 100-1000x.
             | Innovations like this will get Ethereum to Visa scale plus.
             | 
             | This technology is still early, but rapidly improving.
             | Currently deployed rollups are in the 10-100x scale
             | improvement range.
             | 
             | Some rollups currently in production:
             | 
             | https://arbitrum.io/ https://www.optimism.io/
             | https://starkware.co/
        
             | miracle2k wrote:
             | And yet, Tornado Cash is still running.
        
               | m00dy wrote:
               | I'm just wondering what would happen if there is a court
               | order to take down a smart contract.
        
           | chrisco255 wrote:
           | It is powerful. The contracts run 24/7 with 100% uptime.
           | Hayden Adams created Uniswap with about 1000 lines of code
           | using an elegant xy=k formula to create the first good
           | automated market maker, Uniswap. It essentially replaces much
           | of the functionality of an order book on a stock exchange,
           | except it's decentralized, global and permissionless. Plenty
           | of other good examples in web3.
           | 
           | https://app.uniswap.org/
        
             | WalterSear wrote:
             | > Put bluntly, the Ethereum "world computer" has roughly
             | 1/5,000 of the compute power of a Raspberry Pi 4!
             | 
             | https://www.usenix.org/publications/loginonline/web3-fraud
        
               | zeroclip wrote:
               | Who said Ethereum aims to be as fast as a regular
               | computer, or even a raspberry pi?
        
               | ethbr0 wrote:
               | ^ Basically sums up what Ethereum is and isn't
               | 
               | If a Pi solves your use case, _for God 's sake don't use
               | the EVM._
               | 
               | If a Pi doesn't solve your use case, because {particular
               | reason}, then consider the EVM as an option.
        
             | leonsegal wrote:
             | are there any non-crypto examples?
        
         | miohtama wrote:
         | Web3 was the term created 2014 to originally describe three
         | properties (protocols) that decentralised networks can bring to
         | web without need to rely on centralised service providers. Web
         | + 3 = web3:
         | 
         | - eth: making transactions with smart contracts
         | 
         | - bzz: decentralised storage - save files
         | 
         | - whisper: peer-to-peer messaging, chat, etc.
         | 
         | More about the history of web3 in my Twitter thread here:
         | 
         | https://mobile.twitter.com/moo9000/status/148446388922402406...
         | 
         | However the usage of the term and it meaning has corrupted over
         | the years, especially when marketing people took it over.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | > Whenever I try to learn about it the discussion digresses
         | into blockchain pyramid schemes that clearly won't scale and
         | other such nonsense
         | 
         | Congratulations, you understand exactly what web3 is.
        
         | SrslyJosh wrote:
         | > Certainly Web3 isn't just crypto-bros trying to take over the
         | web?
         | 
         | That's exactly what it is. They don't want anything new or
         | innovative, they just want to be able to levy a tax on what
         | everyone does online.
        
           | sdiacom wrote:
           | It's a bit sillier than that, since for the time being,
           | crypto-bros are making money not by levying a tax on what
           | people do online, but by speculating on the potential future
           | income from levying a tax on what people do online.
           | 
           | Convincing others that there's imaginary future money on
           | taxing online interactions is where the real present money is
           | actually made. In a way, this turns their biggest weakness
           | (they can't actually achieve their goal) into their biggest
           | strength (their audience is people who aren't tech-literate
           | enough to understand that they can't actually achieve their
           | goal)
        
         | kobieyc wrote:
         | This gives you a good overview of what web3 is
         | https://moxie.org/2022/01/07/web3-first-impressions.html
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Guy decides to build a couple of dApps... and immediately
           | makes a pyramid scheme.
           | 
           | I just can't, hahahah
        
           | janalsncm wrote:
           | Seems like "web3" has completely missed the mark and is
           | actually highly centralized, arguably more so than web2. If I
           | had to guess, it's because expediency requires it. If you're
           | in the middle of a gold rush, first principles like
           | decentralization are quickly supplanted by principles like
           | "line goes up".
        
           | jrochkind1 wrote:
           | > What surprised me about the standards was that there's no
           | hash commitment for the data located at the URL.
           | 
           | Me too. I'm an outsider, but can anyone understand why they
           | _didn 't_ do this? If you were designing NFT's, wouldn't this
           | be an obvious thing to do?
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | Applications centered on user ownership created from
         | decentralization of the data models and hosts themselves.
        
           | jay_kyburz wrote:
           | I get it. It sounds good.
           | 
           | But I come from the generation that knows information wants
           | to be free.
        
           | jfghi wrote:
           | ?, Most of the websites visited have powerful servers serving
           | them with data that is held privately.
        
         | zeroclip wrote:
         | There is no single company driving the PR and marketing for
         | Web3, so the term is whatever somebody wants it to be. But the
         | vague way to describe it is an approach to building web apps
         | with decentralized public blockchains and smart contracts, like
         | DeFi or ENS.
        
         | WalterSear wrote:
         | It's more than just crypto-bros trying to take over the web.
         | 
         | It's an italian serial conman in a dark room somewhere,
         | pressing "print" on software that generates ostensibly a
         | dollar-equivalent crypto currency out of thin air, wrapped in a
         | network of criminal enterprises that is currently using special
         | 'insider only' versions of those tokens (tether-trons, vs
         | tether-eths) to facilitate the theft of the life savings of a
         | generation of middle class chinese, wrapped in a nesting doll
         | of scams and pyramid schemes, wrapped in the greed, hubris, and
         | legitimate desperation of a generation of 1st world hustlers,
         | all wrapped in crypto-bros trying to take over the world.
         | 
         | If it was just crypto-bros, there wouldn't be anywhere near so
         | much smoke to confuse/conflate with fire: the market
         | manipulation being facilitated by the dirty (and clean, albeit
         | grifted) money entering the system makes the whole thing seem
         | financially bigger than it really is. But despite all the smoke
         | making, it is still just a fart in a colander: the entire
         | crypto market cap, as fanciful and hyperbolic as it is, is
         | still less than the market cap of Apple.
         | 
         | The really astounding part is that so much of this activity is
         | being recorded on publicly accessible server ledgers, in real-
         | time.
        
           | ETH_start wrote:
           | >>It's an italian serial conman in a dark room somewhere,
           | pressing "print" on software that generates ostensibly a
           | dollar-equivalent crypto currency out of thin air,
           | 
           | There is zero evidence for the Tether conspiracy theories..
           | But I gotta give you marks for creative writing.
        
           | muxator wrote:
           | > It's an ITALIAN serial conman...
           | 
           | Wow. I have been guilty of this very same blunder many times
           | and I understand it's just a joke, but please realize that it
           | is not pleasant to be on the wrong side of a joke for no
           | reason.
           | 
           | I'll be more careful with my generalizations in the future. I
           | am confident you will be, too.
           | 
           | Thanks.
        
             | cbozeman wrote:
             | Well I won't.
             | 
             | Italian corruption is so thorough and pervasive they have
             | books, movies, television, and video games telling stories
             | of the corruption and illegality.
             | 
             | If you don't want your group of people - whatever that
             | group of people happens to be - to be stereotyped, then
             | don't fall prey to those stereotypes and rise above them.
             | 
             | Or don't.
             | 
             | And then don't complain about it.
        
             | hervature wrote:
             | Following HN guidelines, I assumed they meant that Italy is
             | aiding and abetting the effort. My low effort search
             | yielded [1] immediately.
             | 
             | [1] - https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2022/10/05/italy-has-
             | a-regis...
        
           | nwah1 wrote:
           | It is worse than that because the "market cap" in the context
           | of crypto scams is meaningless.
           | 
           | Spot price times the number of tokens means nothing if the
           | tokens have no intrinsic value.
           | 
           | Apple may be overvalued, but they have enormous assets and
           | revenue backing their price. Their P/E ratio is a rational
           | number.
           | 
           | Crypto could fall to zero at any time and all the hodlers are
           | left holding nothing but the bag.
           | 
           | And of course a lot of the tokens are just locked away, keys
           | are lost, etc.
        
             | blueprint wrote:
             | Can't you just say the same thing about the fiat currency
             | that you say Apple's holding? It could also "go to zero".
             | And certain "tokens".. specifically, let's say something
             | like Bitcoin or Monero, actually _do_ have what you would
             | call  "intrinsic" value since they require the expenditure
             | of actual, physical energy to obtain, unless you know of a
             | viable attack on those proof of work systems that you're
             | not telling us about.
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | Ni Bu Ming Bai
        
         | twic wrote:
         | I am also skeptical of it. I think the idea is that if you have
         | pervasive microtransactions, and smart contracts which can
         | participate in them, then you can easily create web
         | applications where revenues are shared with users, in a
         | transparent and predictable way.
         | 
         | Consider Facebook. Facebook is an advertising platform:
         | advertisers pay money in exchange for users looking at ads;
         | users look at ads. But the users don't receive the money!
         | Facebook keeps the money. A Web 3.0 version could pass some
         | fraction of the advertisers' money on to each user; the amount
         | passed on could be based on various aspects of the user's
         | activity, to incentivise them to do things which increase the
         | value of the ads (looking at ads, attracting other users to the
         | site, etc), and to not do things which decrease the value of
         | the ads (driving other users away from the site, posting
         | naughty content, etc).
         | 
         | The fundamental theorem of Web 3.0, as i understand it, is that
         | this is both better for users (they get paid), and also better
         | for site operators (users will be attracted by the prospect of
         | getting paid).
         | 
         | There are problems with this, even on its own terms. Firstly,
         | every site now has to be structured around some sort of
         | transaction, where somebody is prepared to pay. You can't just
         | have people hanging out aimlessly. Now, maybe that just means
         | that Web 3.0 isn't universal, and there are sites where it
         | doesn't make sense. But the best places on the net have always
         | been places where people hang out aimlessly, so this seems like
         | a substantial lacuna. Secondly, detailed, mechanically applied
         | incentives often end up driving behaviour that isn't what the
         | setter really wanted; you end up with everyone breeding cobras
         | etc. Web 3.0 sites might end up not being better for users or
         | operators. Thirdly, a Web 3.0 site will be less profitable for
         | its operator than an equivalent Web 2.0 site, so it will
         | (often) be less attractive as a thing for an entrepreneur to
         | build. I suppose the theory predicts that Web 3.0 sites will
         | outcompete Web 2.0 sites, so entrepreneurs won't have a choice.
         | 
         | Then there are problems where the theory interacts with
         | reality. We already have transactions, without using
         | cryptocurrencies, and as long as users are happy to batch up
         | payments and withdrawals, transactions on sites themselves can
         | be arbitrarily micro. We don't have smart contracts without
         | blockchains, so users would have to trust operators to apply
         | incentives fairly; but people already trust all sorts of
         | companies to do that (credit card rewards, supermarket loyalty
         | points, MMORPG XP, etc), so this isn't a real obstacle. If we
         | wanted to build sites like this, we already could!
         | 
         | And then there are the general cryptocurrency / blockchain
         | problems. For every one genuine and sensible attempt to build a
         | site like this, there will be a hundred which are genuine but
         | ill-conceived, and ten thousand which are scams. This is pretty
         | much a market for lemons.
         | 
         | So i'm not sure there is any reason for anybody outside of the
         | crypto scam sphere to care about it. It won't take off, and if
         | it did, it would be crap.
        
         | musicale wrote:
         | > I don't even understand what Web3 is.
         | 
         | > blockchain pyramid schemes
         | 
         | Sounds about right.
        
         | felipellrocha wrote:
         | Web3 are browser-based wallets (or mobile based) that can
         | authorize transactions in a blockchain securely because it's
         | separate from the web page itself. When I use metamask to buy
         | something on the chain, it'll ask me to confirm if that's ok or
         | not. That's all that the developer of the page can do, they can
         | ask metamask to confirm the transaction is safe. Once it's
         | confirmed, a one-time unique token for the transaction is
         | created, and used to execute the transaction. This can work
         | because the browser provides the secure separation between app
         | and wallet. Otherwise, no one would trust a 3rd party to run
         | transactions for them on the blockchain.
        
           | dwaite wrote:
           | Is Apple Pay considered Web3?
        
           | SkyMarshal wrote:
           | _> This can work because the browser provides the secure
           | separation between app and wallet._
           | 
           | I thought the app and wallet were the same thing. What's the
           | difference here?
        
       | RadixDLT wrote:
       | web3 is multiversX https://multiversx.com/
        
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