[HN Gopher] Inventing the Sustainable Batteries of the Future
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       Inventing the Sustainable Batteries of the Future
        
       Author : doener
       Score  : 55 points
       Date   : 2022-10-26 10:30 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (battery2030.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (battery2030.eu)
        
       | photochemsyn wrote:
       | This looks like part of a larger overall EU 'strategic action
       | plan' for developing a (sort of) closed-loop battery
       | manufacturing and recycling industry across the EU's single-
       | market system. Closed-loop implies that battery materials will be
       | recycled, although there's no indication of how efficient such
       | recycling will be in practice. Regardless, expanding battery
       | production in the EU will require what looks like large imports
       | of mined elements from other parts of the world. Here's what
       | looks like the overall plan:
       | 
       | https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/industry/strategy...
       | 
       | Some of the links there ('strategic action plan') discuss the
       | importance of securing raw materials:
       | 
       | > "The EU must therefore secure access to the supply chains for
       | batteries raw materials. Lithium-ion is currently the main
       | chemistry of choice for electro-mobility and will dominate the
       | market in the coming years. Various raw materials are required in
       | lithium-ion batteries including lithium, cobalt, nickel,
       | manganese, graphite, silicon, copper and aluminium. The supply of
       | some of these materials, in particular cobalt, natural graphite
       | and lithium, is of concern today and for the future in view of
       | the large quantities needed and/or very concentrated supply
       | sources."
       | 
       | > "The Commission will build on the EU list of Critical Raw
       | Materials, established in 2017, to map the current and future
       | primary raw materials availability for batteries... [and] use all
       | appropriate trade policy instruments (such as Free Trade
       | Agreements) to ensure fair and sustainable access to raw
       | materials in third countries and promote socially responsible
       | mining."
       | 
       | Without secure supplies of raw materials, building a Europe-
       | centric battery manufacturing to expand the overall volume of
       | battery storage won't be possible, although there are some
       | limited European sources of needed materials. Notably the 'third
       | [world] countries' that contain most of the 'concentrated supply
       | sources' could grow their own economies by domestically
       | manufacturing and exporting the batteries themselves...
       | 
       | It's a bit reminiscent of the British approach to the American
       | colonies in the 1700's, i.e. "you send us the cotton and we'll do
       | the textile manufacturing here, and don't even think about
       | setting up your own factories." In particular this use of the
       | term 'sustainable suppy' is a bit odd, 'secure' or 'guaranteed'
       | or 'not subject to competitive disruption from Chinese buyers'
       | might be more accurate.
        
         | carlsborg wrote:
         | > there's no indication of how efficient such recycling will be
         | in practice
         | 
         | Europe has one of the highest recycling rates in the world.
         | Automotive alumiunium has > 90% recycling rate.
         | 
         | I will bet on Germany engineering its way out of the energy
         | crisis.
        
           | recuter wrote:
           | I admire your optimism, however, it is worth ruminating on
           | how Germany engineered its way into the energy crisis in the
           | first place.
        
             | mpweiher wrote:
             | Nice one ;-)
             | 
             | However, I'd like to point out that Germany _politicked_
             | its way into this energy crisis. Engineers really weren 't
             | asked.
        
       | jansan wrote:
       | Let's just hope that this will be more successful than Quaero and
       | Theseus, the European search engine research projects that burnt
       | 350 million Euro in government money just to fail spectacularly.
        
         | TheLoafOfBread wrote:
         | Or mandatory adding of bio additives (usually rapeseed) into
         | gas/diesel to get biofuels, causing ICEs to produce more
         | emissions than necessary [1] and screw up engines at the same
         | time [2].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.euractiv.com/section/biofuels/news/german-
         | study-...
         | 
         | [2] https://norwegianscitechnews.com/2015/05/can-biodiesel-
         | damag...
        
       | void-pointer wrote:
        
       | villgax wrote:
       | Would like 18650/21700 in all things that can allow for it,
       | hopefully with Type-C as well using the TP-4056 modules.
       | 
       | Headphones, wireless automatic lights, mice, AC power via DC
       | inverters, better UPSes instead of lead acid ones, more power
       | tool battery packs, RPi based computer kits, cars & bikes built
       | with serviceable modules instead of one welded pack....these are
       | the things that can make for a sustainable future.
        
         | alex_duf wrote:
         | It's a bit reductive to look at the format of a battery as a
         | solution to the energy transition and energy crisis. But
         | fundamentally you're not wrong.
        
         | mnw21cam wrote:
         | I wouldn't knock lead-acid for UPS use. That (and turning
         | starter motors) is what lead-acid is particularly suitable for.
         | They're also _really_ effectively recycled right now.
        
           | pengaru wrote:
           | It'd be nice if lead-acid could see some progress on the
           | deep-discharge durability front. AIUI whenever people
           | currently size lead-acid PV systems for boats/RVs/homes they
           | basically get double the battery capacity they intend to use
           | to preserve the batteries. That really sucks, and oftentimes
           | they still end up accidentally damaging the batteries due to
           | a long outage or other oversight/circumstances.
        
             | mnw21cam wrote:
             | It'd be nice, sure. But regular deep cycles is precisely
             | what lead-acid is _not_ good at. Having said that, LiIon
             | isn 't that good at surviving deep discharge either,
             | although it is better than lead-acid. A battery management
             | system can be used on both, which will turn off the power
             | when there's still some juice left, to protect the battery,
             | but people only ever seem to attach these to LiIon
             | batteries.
        
           | vardump wrote:
           | I don't really see how LiFePO4 is not superior to lead acid
           | in every possible way. Deep discharge ability alone makes
           | LiFePO4 better not to mention over 10x more charge cycles.
           | 
           | But if I'm wrong, I'd really like to learn why, because I'm
           | about to buy some batteries.
        
             | mnw21cam wrote:
             | Price and ability to recycle.
        
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       (page generated 2022-10-26 23:02 UTC)