[HN Gopher] The Future of Rural New England (1897)
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       The Future of Rural New England (1897)
        
       Author : luu
       Score  : 30 points
       Date   : 2022-10-20 09:08 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theatlantic.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theatlantic.com)
        
       | onecommentman wrote:
       | Journal issue (July 1897) available from Internet Archive
       | 
       | https://archive.org/details/sim_atlantic_1897-07_80_477/page...
        
       | bell-cot wrote:
       | From my dim recollections of a long-ago history book - back
       | around that time, rural New England was a pretty dire
       | "agricultural rust belt" - because none of the climate,
       | geography, or typical size of farms there could compete with
       | "newer" farms in parts of the country further west. And railroads
       | were bringing the cheaper products of those farms east, to
       | directly compete with New England's small, old, rocky farms.
        
       | dsfyu404ed wrote:
       | Amazing how little attitudes change over the years. This reads
       | just like a modern Bostonian complaining about the ways and
       | inhabitants of places like Springfield or Fall River.
       | 
       | That said, much to the credit of Mr. Sandborn, unlike many,
       | perhaps most, of his modern counterparts he does not implicitly
       | assume superiority to the people about who's plight he writes nor
       | does he proclaim that fixing his favorite pet issues using his
       | favorite pet solutions will suddenly fix everyone's problems.
        
       | dont__panic wrote:
       | As someone who frequently blames car-dependence for many of the
       | USA's social problems, this passage really stood out:
       | The large size of the townships and the long distances
       | between dwellings have had much to do with making social
       | coherence difficult. A single township may embrace four or
       | five communities two or three miles apart, with no common
       | rallying-point but the annual townmeeting. Not only do
       | these detached sections get nothing socially from the
       | township as a whole, but they are not, as a rule, populous
       | or compact enough to have any appreciable social activity
       | of their own. In this respect our farming communities are
       | at a distinct disadvantage as compared with those of       France
       | and most of the other countries of the Old World.       There the
       | tillers of the soil live closely together, in       almost
       | crowded villages, from which they go forth to their       work in
       | the outlying fields.
       | 
       | I wonder why even early in the USA's history, before cars, before
       | railroads, we distributed housing so widely as to inhibit
       | socialization? I guess it's because towns grew up around separate
       | farmsteads, instead of a bunch of non-owners living in town,
       | working fields around town for an estate owner? I usually assume
       | that this USA-specific "missing middle" of dense housing is a
       | result of car culture and the suburban nightmare we've created
       | across the country. In fact, I specifically chose to live in a
       | small, dense New England town because I like that kind of
       | socialization and walkability. It is curious to hear someone
       | complaining about the same issue, over 100 years ago, for
       | entirely different reasons.
        
         | ericmay wrote:
         | > I usually assume that this USA-specific "missing middle" of
         | dense housing is a result of car culture and the suburban
         | nightmare we've created across the country.
         | 
         | The rural areas are just that, rural. But cities are where the
         | problem of the suburban nightmare take hold and they weren't an
         | issue for most of American history because a city was a city
         | and the countryside was the countryside.
         | 
         | This changed with the highway infrastructure, gutting of city
         | transit like existing streetcars, etc. and trying to sell the
         | idyllic countryside at mass scale that was for a brief period
         | "achievable" via personal automobile.
         | 
         | Socialization doesn't have to be because of density. It can be
         | between homesteaders who pass each other by once in awhile or
         | meet up at the market place that exists in the town. The
         | problem with suburbs is that they don't reproduce any of the
         | benefits of city life or productive rural life.
        
           | monknomo wrote:
           | This article contrasts two different modes of rural areas.
           | 
           | There is the US-style rural, where the homesteads are widely
           | separated. The house is on the farm, and far from the
           | neighbors.
           | 
           | Then there is the European (and really most of the rest of
           | the world) style of rural, where there is a dense little
           | village and the farmers travel to their fields, rather than
           | live in the middle of the fields.
           | 
           | Why is that, even without cars?
        
             | stevesearer wrote:
             | It likely would have to do with how land was distributed to
             | owners in the US compared to how it was distributed in
             | Europe:
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homestead_Acts
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Township_(United_States)
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survey_township
        
         | rhapsodic wrote:
         | > _I usually assume that this USA-specific "missing middle" of
         | dense housing is a result of car culture and the suburban
         | nightmare we've created across the country_
         | 
         | I suspect the layout of European farming communities is a
         | holdover from feudalism, when serfs worked the land on behalf
         | of the lord of the manor, who owned all the land.
         | 
         | They probably found conditions in the New World much more
         | desirable, where they could own their own farm. And when they
         | owned their own farm, they probably found it much more
         | convenient to live close to the fields and barns and livestock
         | that they also owned.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | I live in an old New England farm town in a house from the
           | early 1800s. (The town was founded in 1653.)
           | 
           | Looking at maps from the 1800s, it was always pretty spread
           | out. There is a small town green with a couple old churches,
           | library, cemetery, and town hall. And there used to be some
           | mills along the river. But it was mostly fairly spread out
           | farming.
           | 
           | As you suggest, in England and I assume other areas of Europe
           | there would be a more distinct village with a place dating to
           | that time.
        
         | dont__panic wrote:
         | I know double-commenting is frowned upon, but this quote also
         | stood out to me as a bike nerd:                 The least
         | important, perhaps, and yet to some of       us the saddest
         | thing about the decay of New England       country life has
         | been the disappearance of the        hospitable wayside tavern.
         | Something similar, it is       hoped, may be brought in by the
         | bicycle. It is much       to be feared, however, that the new
         | bicycle road-house       will be nothing more hospitable than a
         | mammoth stand-up       lunch-counter.
         | 
         | I wonder what these wayside taverns were like. Nowadays, I find
         | myself happy enough with "stand-up lunch-counters" when I
         | bicycle tour (ride self-supported long distances by bicycle). I
         | also find myself greatly appreciating the dirt roads present in
         | Vermont and much of New England, since they slow down car
         | traffic and are honestly much more pleasant to bike on than
         | poorly maintained pavement roads. Meanwhile, this author
         | laments the poor state of (presumably dirt) carriage roads
         | across rural New England. It's interesting how I seem to agree
         | with the base thoughts and preferences of the author, but we
         | have inverted preferences on these things (for similar
         | reasons).
         | 
         | I wonder what this author thought about the automobile.
        
           | jollyllama wrote:
           | It's relatively easier to have a pint or two and ride a horse
           | or drive a wagon than it is to do the same and ride an old
           | bicycle. I would assume you could also water, feed, and rest
           | your horse at the tavern, which a bicycle did not require.
        
           | baxtr wrote:
           | What is double-commenting?
        
             | waster wrote:
             | Replying to one's own comment.
        
           | chrsig wrote:
           | It's much easier to appreciate the dirt roads when you're a
           | tourist. Having grown up on a dirt road in New England, I can
           | say that I'd much rather it were paved.
        
         | seanalltogether wrote:
         | I may be wrong but I'm guessing it's because in europe the
         | peasants didn't own the land. The hub and spoke design of old
         | world villages was beneficial to the landlords, not the
         | workers.
        
           | neaden wrote:
           | I think this is kind of true, but not fully. It's not that
           | the peasants didn't own the land, though certainly many
           | didn't, it's that they didn't farm contiguous rectangular
           | fields like is common in America. In older farming there
           | would be two or three fields for crop rotation, and then
           | different parts of the field would be owned by different
           | people. So you might have a bit over here, a bit over there,
           | etc. You would grow different crops on different areas of the
           | field, and then have a vegetable garden near your house. In
           | America, relatively early on, instead we ended up with
           | farmers who had a single contiguous piece of land where they
           | primarily farmed a single crop.
        
             | monknomo wrote:
             | Seeing like a state covers this - it could be that in the
             | interest of making ownership legible (while dispossessing
             | the Native Americans), people could only buy contiguous
             | land.
             | 
             | In particular, I'm reminded of the piece on how the tsar
             | and soviets both tried to get rid of the strip system that
             | the peasants liked because it was easy to farm and manage
             | from their level.
        
         | kodah wrote:
         | > I wonder why even early in the USA's history, before cars,
         | before railroads, we distributed housing so widely as to
         | inhibit socialization?
         | 
         | It might seem strange but there's a lot of people out there who
         | don't hate you but also don't want to hear from you unless it's
         | on their own terms.
         | 
         | > I usually assume that this USA-specific "missing middle" of
         | dense housing is a result of car culture and the suburban
         | nightmare we've created across the country.
         | 
         | The south and Midwest were built before cars. I don't think
         | this hypothesis tracks. It seems like it's just a popular topic
         | on HN that exists among a younger, city-living crowd who are
         | searching for answers. Answers which they'd like to use to
         | influence national policy, whether it fits or not.
         | 
         | Edit: that's not to say we can't have more spaces that have
         | less or no cars, but folks here use "car-free" a lot, and not
         | just with respect to their locality.
        
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       (page generated 2022-10-21 23:01 UTC)