[HN Gopher] The "dark yellow problem" in design system color pal...
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       The "dark yellow problem" in design system color palettes
        
       Author : robin_reala
       Score  : 108 points
       Date   : 2022-10-18 13:22 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (medium.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (medium.com)
        
       | edflsafoiewq wrote:
       | Don't use yellow then. Palettes made of rainbow primary colors
       | don't look good anyway.
        
         | TheRealPomax wrote:
         | Traffic lights may want a word. ("but that's not yellow!":
         | weirdly, we know that, but we call it yellow anyway).
        
           | robin_reala wrote:
           | Do we? en-GB has it as amber. See "Traffic light signals" on
           | https://www.gov.uk/guidance/the-highway-code/light-
           | signals-c...
        
           | mcv wrote:
           | In Dutch we call it orange.
        
             | TheRealPomax wrote:
             | Which is probably closer in terms of most western
             | experiences of the primary/secondary colours, but still
             | pretty wrong--just on the other side of what it really is.
             | The light between red and green is almost universally the
             | _tertiary_ (RYB) or _quaternary_ (RGB) colour amber,
             | sitting between yellow and orange =)
        
               | mkehrt wrote:
               | Note that primary color terms are language-specific and
               | their ranges vary by culture. It very well could be
               | "oranje" in Dutch!
        
               | mcv wrote:
               | True. Amber is not really a colour term that's often used
               | in Dutch; most would actually see amber as a kind of
               | orange.
        
           | edflsafoiewq wrote:
           | The aesthetics of a traffic light...
        
       | mark-r wrote:
       | The WCAG calculations for contrast are complete rubbish, in my
       | experience they don't reflect reality very well at all. I haven't
       | been able to figure out why though, each of the individual steps
       | looks reasonable.
        
         | cptcobalt wrote:
         | Totally agree. WCAG 3 is moving to APCA, and is much better at
         | reflecting reality:
         | https://typefully.com/u/DanHollick/t/sle13GMW2Brp
        
         | Joker_vD wrote:
         | That 0.150 purple on white is painful to look at, but the .548
         | yellow on pale grey is mostly fine... and why darken it all the
         | way to the colour of, ahem, an infant's surprise?
        
       | karaterobot wrote:
       | Yellow is a real issue for sure. My reaction after many years is
       | to just trust feedback from user testing more than the ratio,
       | because users are seeing the UI in context on real screens, and
       | in the end it's their experience that matters to me, not the
       | calculator.
        
         | asoneth wrote:
         | > just trust feedback from user testing
         | 
         | One challenge I have run into is that certain kinds of
         | accessibility accommodations may only be necessary for a tiny
         | fraction of your user base who have a specific type of vision,
         | motor, or auditory deficiency. Unless you specifically recruit
         | and test with those users the issues may not be revealed by
         | usability tests.
        
           | Beltalowda wrote:
           | And it also depends on the screen and setting; with a good
           | quality large screen in optimal lightning conditions - such
           | as those used in a test setting - contrast matter less than a
           | poor quality small screen in a not-so-great lightning
           | setting.
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | > Unless you specifically recruit and test with those users
           | the issues may not be revealed by usability tests.
           | 
           | And, there's just a little hope they're revealed with math. I
           | have someone that requires 100% contrast, which is the
           | requirement if you want to include the tails of the
           | distribution.
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | Brown is not yellow though.
        
       | namlem wrote:
       | This color is usually called chartreuse
        
         | cptcobalt wrote:
         | no, there's typically a much more green hue in chartreuse
        
           | aaroninsf wrote:
           | There are two kinds of chartreuse, one green and one yellow,
           | e.g. https://www.chartreuse.fr/en/produit/yellow-chartreuse/
           | 
           | I was familiar only with the green color name from 80s
           | fashion, until I became mildly interested in cocktails...
        
       | bxparks wrote:
       | I often encounter this problem in command line programs that seem
       | to assume a dark background (e.g. ls, tmux, vim, git log, silver-
       | searcher, grep). Their yellow fonts are impossible to read on my
       | light background. Every time I reinstall Linux or MacOS on one of
       | my laptops, I have to reconfigure the "yellow" palette in the
       | terminal programs to something resembling dark-orange or brown.
       | Then the problem is navigating the rat's nest of options in the
       | various terminal programs to find the color palette
       | configuration.
        
       | di4na wrote:
       | My goto post for this kind of problems is still
       | https://uxplanet.org/designing-systematic-colors-b5d2605b15c
       | which, sadly, afaict, has not had the impact it deserve.
       | 
       | The Stripe tool mentionned at the end does draw some inspiration
       | from this, and i would really like for Stripe to open source this
       | tool. I have asked multiple times, to no answer. If someone from
       | Stripe is reading this, please please please make the world
       | better for everyone out there by releasing this tool.
        
         | hn92726819 wrote:
         | This is a neat article, but it doesn't seem very actionable for
         | a non-designer (from my programmer, non-designer perspective).
         | He even says:
         | 
         | > Unfortunately, there seems to be no satisfactory color
         | palette generator yet capable of fine-tuning and creating
         | themable ramps
         | 
         | Personally, I want some website where I can chuck a color in or
         | pick from a preset list, and it shows me HTML elements pre-
         | styled with suggested color ramp colors (for example
         | input{background:var(--theme-bg-2);}). Then I can see what I'm
         | getting and inspect element to take what I need.
        
           | di4na wrote:
           | Yes. See my point about the lack of tooling.
           | 
           | This tool could be built but noone want to pay for it.
        
             | di4na wrote:
             | That said you can try this https://color.cloudflare.design/
        
       | mncharity wrote:
       | OT, but this seems a place to ask... Has anyone heard of a
       | pedagogically nice color space?
       | 
       | I'm currently kludging - using CAM16UCS within sRGB gamut, but
       | outside, where it gets badly hue nonlinear, I'm "straighten it up
       | a bit" using Jzazbz, slightly fluffing out the visible gamut. And
       | then packaging that as lookup tables.
       | 
       | For pedagogically nice, let's say "looks plausible" and "isn't
       | grossly misleading". So a wide-gamut perceptual space, with
       | large-scale euclidean distances at least eyeball plausible, not-
       | too-dreadful hue linearity, and avoids high-profile space
       | features which are mere model artifact and not perception
       | characteristic. Sort-scale distance is much less important, and
       | computability not at all.
       | 
       | Root-motivation backstory is I'm struggling to find community,
       | around a philosophy of science education content creation, that
       | collaboratively applying vastly greater-than-usual domain
       | expertise is needed to escape current wretchedness. And thought a
       | worked example might help. So web interactives for teaching
       | color, emphasizing spectra and color space, for early primary.
       | Where color is commonly taught, but with content and outcomes
       | notably poor, even by science education standards. I'm _still_
       | not sure it will gell, but wiggle-3D voxel space with xkcd color
       | names, banana spectra, video cartoon shaders, zooming to physical
       | pixels, et al, has at least been fun. Though low-hanging MVP it
       | so isn 't.
        
       | cptcobalt wrote:
       | My struggle with this analysis is that it's trying to reason a
       | solution to a completely valid problem, but leaning on an
       | _intrinsically flawed_ metric (the WCAG contrast ratio).
       | 
       | WCAG 3 is moving to APCA (Advanced Perceptual Contrast Algorithm)
       | which will be much more fair to cases covered in this post. Yes,
       | there'll still be perceptual contrast issues with dark yellow,
       | but I'd wager that the solutions you'll land on when measuring
       | with APCA will be less drastic or visually unappealing.
       | 
       | More on APCA: https://typefully.com/u/DanHollick/t/sle13GMW2Brp
        
         | justinpombrio wrote:
         | Wow, that first example is really bad. Comparing the grey-and-
         | black against the white-on-orange, WCAG 2 and APCA differ by a
         | factor of _two_ , and judging by eye it's entirely due to WCAG
         | contrast being incorrect. How do you design a contrast measure
         | and not notice that it's sometimes off by a factor of 2? We had
         | CIELAB in 1976; it will give you reasonable contrast
         | measurements.
         | 
         | (Calculation: (61 / 47) / (2.9 / 4.5) = 2.014)
        
       | AshamedCaptain wrote:
       | Isn't the "yellow" used in traffic lights actually .. amber ? It
       | used to be called "car yellow" some time ago around here (e.g.
       | jaune-auto)
        
         | anamexis wrote:
         | I think in the US, very few people would make that distinction.
         | I think amber is probably broadly considered a shade of yellow.
        
       | gl-prod wrote:
       | The link was giving 500 error. This one works
       | https://uxdesign.cc/the-dark-yellow-problem-in-design-system...
        
       | laputan_machine wrote:
       | Why not change the background to black? The issue isn't yellow,
       | it's white.
        
         | dsmmcken wrote:
         | The relative luminance will still make the yellow "feel"
         | brighter than the others. In the article, the initial stated
         | goal was to have the colours carry a similar relative level of
         | emphasis.
        
           | WorldMaker wrote:
           | Isn't that the real problem here? Yellow is evolutionarily a
           | "high emphasis" color. The perceptual color contrast between
           | yellow and black is one of the highest ratios in human vision
           | (more generally, in mammalian vision). It's among the reasons
           | that bumblebees, bananas, dandelions, and yellowjackets co-
           | evolved their colors.
           | 
           | If you don't want the weird perceptual emphasis inversions of
           | yellow, maybe don't use yellow?
           | 
           | The article points out the commonly held reason to use it is
           | the "traffic color patterns", but it is easy to forget that
           | early traffic lights intentionally put the highest
           | emphasis/most "alert" color _in the middle_ , because that is
           | the shortest and most dangerous phase and _needs_ the most
           | attention. Plus, as other comments keep pointing out even
           | modern traffic lights in most countries today think yellow is
           | too strong an emphasis color and have shifted towards amber
           | /orange.
        
         | TheRealPomax wrote:
         | The issue will definitely still be yellow, and now your design
         | system has to deal with "and do everything a second time, but
         | now for dark mode" because dark mode has a completely different
         | set of equally annoying problems.
        
         | alt227 wrote:
         | Yep, you've just proven the complexity of this issue.
        
       | augstein wrote:
       | This just is one of many examples which show that designing great
       | User Interfaces is (still) more of an art than science, e.g.
       | rigid math based design systems tend to fail in practice.
        
       | mkehrt wrote:
       | > Building on the previous rule, a yellow UI element must always
       | be accompanied by some darker-shaded UI elements such as text and
       | icons to articulate its meaning.
       | 
       | This was known long ago--it's called the Rule of Tinctures in
       | heraldry, which says that yellow and white (sometimes rendered as
       | gold and silver) should only appear on red, green, blue or black,
       | and vice versa.
       | 
       | Edit: I realize this might come off as trivializing the author,
       | which I didn't mean to do. I just think it's interesting that
       | different groups have come up with the same rules over time.
        
       | enriquto wrote:
       | The "dark yellow" here looks greenish/brown only because it is
       | shown against a white background. Against a black background it
       | is a perfectly acceptable yellow.
        
         | spanktheuser wrote:
         | And this is why UI design standards are 1) so important, and 2)
         | must include exhaustive examples of how UI elements should and
         | should not be used in every context that it's possible for them
         | to occur.
        
         | sebazzz wrote:
         | Similar how you can't make brown light in real life.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | ChiefOBrien wrote:
       | The bright yellow color can be used perfectly if the design style
       | wasn't flat. It's incredible how much more legible UI elements
       | can be if you add some shading, gradients, 3d borders, anything!
        
       | Daub wrote:
       | Hue is a surprisingly non-linear phenomenon.
       | 
       | The maximum saturation occurs at a different lightness value for
       | each hue. Blue is most saturated when it is dark, and yellow is
       | most saturated when it is light. It is for this reason that some
       | people erroneously describe yellow as being a bright Colour.
       | 
       | To added even further perversity to the mix, there are fewer
       | (perceivable) yellows than there are perceivable greens. Relative
       | perceivable values of hues are readily apparent in the Munsell
       | Colour space, shown here:
       | 
       | https://i.pinimg.com/originals/4b/43/84/4b438408b064533fc862...
       | 
       | Moral of the story? Colour is difficult.
        
         | karmakaze wrote:
         | I was surprised that saturation wasn't mentioned at all in the
         | article.
        
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       (page generated 2022-10-18 23:03 UTC)