[HN Gopher] Intel and the $1.5T chip industry meltdown
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Intel and the $1.5T chip industry meltdown
        
       Author : __Joker
       Score  : 255 points
       Date   : 2022-10-18 09:14 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.economist.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.economist.com)
        
       | alexk307 wrote:
       | It seems silly to measure short term success in an industry known
       | for "notoriously cyclical" booms and busts. The size of the
       | investment needed to create these manufacturing plants in the US,
       | coupled with the complexity and time it takes to build them,
       | combines perfectly for articles like this.
       | 
       | I can't think of a reason that on-shoring chip fabs would be a
       | bad thing for the US - other than the vague threat of China
       | retaliating. Cutting off foreign dependencies in high-tech
       | industries would surely be beneficial in the long term.
        
       | lvl102 wrote:
       | Intel messed up big time and I hate to see the US govt dump more
       | money on incompetence. They are failing their way to success.
        
         | A4ET8a8uTh0 wrote:
         | I have some bitter taste about that myself. First they
         | offshore[1] to anywhere, but US, but the moment US makes it
         | geopolitically risky, US recompenses Intel by offering massive
         | incentives to re-shore. It is maddening. The worst part is,
         | making chips is actually hard so there is a good and valid
         | reason to actually do it, but I just hate rewarding bad
         | behavior ( from US taxpayer's perspective ).
         | 
         | [1]https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2004-apr-07-fi-
         | intel...
        
       | iancmceachern wrote:
       | It's the people, the talent, the knowledge that drives any
       | industry like this.
       | 
       | The US government, US, we, gave Intel and some other companies a
       | huge sum of money to stay awesome.
       | 
       | Then they announce huge layoffs to get rid of a lot of thr
       | talent, people, heart of their business.
       | 
       | So, wouldn't we have been better off as a society of we had just
       | offered thT CHIPs money as a startup find and asked a bunch or
       | people from Intel to leave and build new semi companies using
       | this fund?
       | 
       | In the end the meteic for success of the CHIPs program in the
       | short term should be number of people working in semi in the US.
       | How did we dedicate money and resources to this thing of national
       | importance and end up with fewer experts working on it?
       | 
       | Money is the root of all evil, power corrupts us all.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | CoastalCoder wrote:
         | Targeted layoffs might be the best thing long-term.
         | 
         | From my limited perspective of having recently worked at Intel,
         | they had a _lot_ of dead weight. There was a lot of talent, but
         | it was also diluted by a lot of management and bureaucracy.
         | 
         | I honestly don't know if layoffs are an effective solution to
         | this, but IMHO they could definitely benefit from lower
         | headcount and greater urgency.
        
           | iancmceachern wrote:
           | Thanks for this. I see that perspective and from my
           | experience in larger tech corps it jibes.
           | 
           | I'm still trying to reconcile it with the CHIPs thing. Intel
           | on one hand is admittedly bloated and inefficient, and so is
           | choosing to reduce its headcount and therefore bandwidth to
           | do work.
           | 
           | So what is the CHIPs money going to. Typically when you
           | invest in something like this you are buying people's time to
           | do the work and also materials and supplies to build the
           | stuff like factories, etc. So if we are lowering headcount
           | it's not going to labor.
           | 
           | I suspect as you say it's more about changing worker types,
           | like getting rid of skillsets they don't need so they can
           | hire those they do like people to build semi plants here.
           | 
           | So, in my mind, the only way it adds up is if Intel goes on a
           | big hiring spree soon. Otherwise, where did the money go? We
           | can buy equipment to build plants but who builds them?
        
             | CoastalCoder wrote:
             | I don't have any insider info on this, but here's my guess:
             | 
             | Gelsinger thinks x86's days are numbered. So Intel's
             | historical moat of designing _and_ manufacturing x86 chips
             | is going away.
             | 
             | So now it's more compelling to treat design and
             | manufacturing as _separate_ business concerns:
             | 
             | - For potential foundry customers, it reduces fears that
             | Intel will give higher priority to fab'ing its own chips.
             | 
             | - It frees Intel's chip designers to design chips without
             | needing to assume they'll be built at Intel's foundries.
             | E.g., they can design chips for TSMC's process if that
             | would result in a better product.
             | 
             | And given all these factors, I suspect Gelsinger and the
             | Intel board of directors are planning to separate the
             | design and manufacturing functions into separate
             | businesses. (Either practically speaking by limiting their
             | interaction within Intel, or literally by making them
             | separate companies.)
        
           | ragingroosevelt wrote:
           | This matches what I've heard about Intel from friends who
           | have worked there. I had a firmware programmer friend who's
           | job was literally to copy data from excel files to .h files
           | and when he offered to automate the process was told that the
           | manual transfer was the process he should follow. He
           | described his role as dead weight.
        
           | AdrianB1 wrote:
           | A friend that also worked at Intel until a couple of years
           | ago confirmed what you say.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | well-connected one-percent chick goes to work for Intel
           | Security long enough to get health care for babies then
           | quits. At the same time, competitive University grad-with-
           | honors working class girl does protests and environmentalism,
           | can't have children with no health care, ends up hanging out
           | with lots and lots of other thirty year olds in the same
           | boat, with debt. Just another day in America.
        
             | nebula8804 wrote:
             | But what did they major in? Did the well connected person
             | major in CS while the honors grad major in underwater
             | basket weaving? We are in a free market system that is not
             | perfect at evaluating talent but things like degree help
             | provide signals to employers.
        
         | dumpsterlid wrote:
         | Yah great point, the US culturally seems to really struggle
         | with the idea that the business is just an arbitrary
         | conception, what is important is the _workers_. We really have
         | a disturbing sense that arbitraries collections of capital and
         | legalese are more important than humans with passions and
         | skills and it honestly scares me.
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | Yeah, it's amazing the number of people who believe that
           | corporations exist in the same objective sense that puppies
           | do, rather than the social-consensus sense that D&D
           | characters do.
        
         | teawrecks wrote:
         | So far the rumor is that they're laying off marketing folks,
         | not engineers. And we paid them to expand their microchip
         | infrastructure, not create jobs.
        
           | iancmceachern wrote:
           | Thanks for this. I'm curious to dig a bit deeper. What is
           | involved in expanding their microchip infrastructure? What
           | would funds be spent on? It seems like hard tooling,
           | buildings, fab lines, and then they need people to build
           | install and run all that stuff. I guess I'm asking - am I
           | missing something, like can they expand their microchip
           | infrastructure without the labor of people? In my experience
           | designing automation for fabs there is a ton of skilled labor
           | that goes into every single fab, both to design and set it up
           | but also to run it.
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | Every business I have started or contemplated starting has
             | always relied 100% on the people needed to run it.
             | Otherwise, nothing happens.
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | We honestly should nationalize intel, raytheon, boeing, and
         | lockheed martin. Probably others too. It makes no sense to
         | develop our sensitive technology and reserve some resources
         | solely to feed the parasite that is the profit margin.
        
           | formercoder wrote:
           | No thanks, I've been to the DMV
        
             | datavirtue wrote:
             | The DMV isn't a chip factory. It is an administrative
             | office performing unskilled work. Most of which has been
             | automated away.
        
           | DeathArrow wrote:
           | You mean like they did in communist countries and had a huge
           | success at killing their economies?
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | I was thinking more along the lines of when the us
             | government centrally planned the economy and won a world
             | war as a result.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | Why wouldn't the government just start up it's own Intel-
           | alike?
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | Because intel would lobby against it and snuff it
        
           | beambot wrote:
           | What makes you think the government could run them better...?
        
             | kjkjadksj wrote:
             | You could run them exactly how they are structured today if
             | you want. Youd reap savings by not having shareholder
             | profits to maintain and could use that money that would
             | otherwise be wasted on luxury spending for major
             | shareholders for more R and D.
        
         | hardware2win wrote:
         | >How did we dedicate money and resources to this thing of
         | national importance and end up with fewer experts working on
         | it?
         | 
         | How do you even know whos going to be fired?
        
         | ren_engineer wrote:
         | >short term should be number of people working in semi in the
         | US
         | 
         | it's not a jobs program and majority of the layoffs are
         | targeting non-technical areas. Raw number of engineers isn't a
         | great metric for government programs either, could be easily
         | gamed. Focus should be on building up the ground level
         | infrastructure needed so actual innovation can happen, not just
         | giving money to Intel and other established players to further
         | strengthen their monopoly
        
         | ac29 wrote:
         | > Then they announce huge layoffs to get rid of a lot of thr
         | talent, people, heart of their business.
         | 
         | Intel has not announced layoffs. There is a _rumor_ layoffs
         | will be announced at the next quarterly earnings release.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | The knowledge and talent is definitely very important (I mean
         | in the long term everything in technology is knowledge and
         | talent) but there are also the extremely expensive
         | semiconductor fabs to be considered.
         | 
         | The CHIPs bill was pretty broad. It might make sense to
         | subsidize a pure-foundry company as an ongoing issue (in
         | particular, isolate these big investments from the boom-bust
         | semiconductor trends). Or somehow try to come up with subsidies
         | that go to Intel to the extent to which they act as a pure
         | foundry, but that will be pretty tricky to work out I guess.
         | 
         | An ecosystem of open fabs seems to be a prerequisite of those
         | small plucky startup chip design teams. Of course they can
         | order from TSMC but then they have to wait however many weeks
         | to test out each prototype...
        
       | chatterhead wrote:
       | 1) We need chip manufacturing to be nationalized in the USA - if
       | it's that important to national security we don't need to leave
       | it in the hands of private industry.
       | 
       | 2) Taiwan is not China. We are going to break the rest of China
       | up because Xi decided to consolidate power instead of steward the
       | distributed power he inherited.
       | 
       | 3) The USA isn't in trouble at all; we will expand our
       | industries, inflate our currency and strengthen it so demand
       | globally grows as Russia, EU and China falter.
       | 
       | 4) China took HK almost 3 decades early so why should anyone
       | believe their word on territorial respect.
        
         | colinmhayes wrote:
         | Nationalization is the innovation killer. Works in mature
         | industries, but not something like semis which require big
         | risks.
        
           | datavirtue wrote:
           | You can nationalize an entire sector and have the various
           | companies (units?) compete with each other....still. Lack of
           | imagination kills innovation.
        
         | _trackno5 wrote:
         | > 1) We need chip manufacturing to be nationalized in the USA -
         | if it's that important to national security we don't need to
         | leave it in the hands of private industry
         | 
         | I generally agree with you that countries should have control
         | over strategic industries (e.g., oil), but I'm not sure if
         | nationalisation is the way to go.
         | 
         | I feel like that serves more to scare off investors than
         | anything else. The way the US is going about it feels more
         | correct to me: give fiscal and financial incentives for these
         | strategic resources to be built and managed inside the country,
         | while also removing incentives for too many exports
        
           | chatterhead wrote:
           | If you believe oil should be then so should all energy;
           | including the entirely government created "alternative
           | energy" industry.
           | 
           | Investors will be scared of the US nationalizing specific
           | strategic industries but not the changing political winds of
           | foreign nations? I don't think so.
        
             | _trackno5 wrote:
             | I don't understand your comment. You seem to believe
             | because I stated something it means that I'm denying
             | something else.
             | 
             | If clean energy sources are strategic, yeah the US should
             | do the work to protect its ability to utilise it regardless
             | of it being oil, solar, wind, nuclear. Doesn't mean the
             | state needs to own those ventures, just that they should
             | put in the effort to fund investment and growth in
             | strategic areas.
        
               | chatterhead wrote:
               | Not understanding is an act of willful ignorance.
        
       | bouncycastle wrote:
       | Related: There is a massive TSMC factory being built in Japan
       | right now. Take a look at the pictures, I've never seen this many
       | cranes at one location:
       | 
       | https://www.nhk.jp/static/assets/images/newblogposting/ts/7P...
       | 
       | https://cdn-cw-english.cwg.tw/ckeditor/202205/ckeditor-628ae...
       | 
       | It looks like a forest of cranes...
        
         | tgtweak wrote:
         | To be perfectly honest, this is still within a 1000km radius
         | circle that encompasses Taiwan, South Korea and Japan. That
         | covers the majority of next-generation fabs that aren't Intel.
         | 
         | It's great to legally diversify these fabs, but it does very
         | little to mitigate geopolitical issues that are brewing in and
         | around the east china sea.
        
           | nscalf wrote:
           | How does it do little to diversify these fabs? The current
           | situation is that if China invades Taiwan, the entire Western
           | world is compelled to engage militarily over Taiwan's high
           | end chip fabs. It cannot be overstated how much we depend on
           | that, if TSMC operates in other countries, we don't HAVE to
           | engage in WW3.
        
             | JAlexoid wrote:
             | Em... I doubt that semiconductor industry is the thing to
             | lead us to WW3.
        
               | nscalf wrote:
               | If Taiwan is taken off the board for semiconductors, or
               | if all semiconductors have to go through China, that
               | means the entire US military (and _all_ western
               | militaries) are dependent on a geopolitical rival. To
               | allow that would be nothing short of giving away the
               | game.
        
               | patentatt wrote:
               | This is what I don't get. I thought military and
               | aerospace used decades old cpu designs on decades old fab
               | technology for the radiation hardness? Not saying they
               | couldn't benefit from an upgrade, but it's not like
               | Lockheed is putting Nvidia GPUs in fighter jets, right?
               | It doesn't seem like a deal breaker to use a 14nm node
               | compared to a '5nm' node (or whatever is the latest TSMC
               | process). Seems like a weird line to draw in the sand to
               | me. Frankly, seems like the only applications which are
               | make or break on EUV lithography are all gaming related.
               | Am I that off base here? Certainly prices would rise, and
               | critical supply chains would have to be remade, and there
               | would be no more iPhones, but seems like we'd get by just
               | fine for a few years before catching back up and then
               | likely surpassing Taiwan. And it's not like the real
               | brains behind TSMC would willingly help a Chinese
               | controlled takeover, and add on a new layer of corruption
               | and bureaucracy, and in a few years TSMC is irrelevant
               | anyways. And don't forget, TSMC is reliant on ASML, who
               | certainly wouldn't be shipping any more EUV lithography
               | equipment to a Chinese controlled Taiwan.
        
               | nscalf wrote:
               | I think that's true for some key components of the
               | military, but for example, anything involving AI systems
               | necessitate cutting edge chips. You can probably look to
               | the effect chip shortages had on car manufacturers to see
               | how much of this likely works. Cars manufacturing wasn't
               | entirely halted in most cases, instead they had
               | downgraded functionality. Less automatic windows, more
               | window cranks. The totality of every military system
               | isn't based off high end chips, but some of it certainly
               | is.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | patmorgan23 wrote:
               | There are advanced Fabs in Israel, Intel and TSMC are
               | both building next gen Fabs in Arizona. It's not like
               | Twain is the only place with advanced chip fabs(though
               | yes the vast majority of the capacity is there and IIRC
               | thats where their latest process nodes are but I don't
               | think the military is dependent on those absolute cutting
               | edge process nodes)
        
               | nscalf wrote:
               | I agree that this isn't an indefinite problem, but the
               | current state of affairs is that TSMC is irreplaceable on
               | the world's fabrication scene. The military definitely
               | has some need for cutting edge process nodes, though I
               | can't say how much. This is intentionally vague, but it
               | seems safe to say there are a number of high end missile
               | guidance systems, a variety of AI implementations, and
               | drone systems that likely all have some dependence on
               | high end chips. Not to mention the economic reliance on
               | TSMC, Apple alone is ~7% of the S&P500.
               | 
               | I think if we fast forward 5-10 years, Taiwan will not be
               | this much of an absolute, but it will take years for
               | these new fabs to come online. Until there are viable
               | alternatives, Taiwan is a massive risk.
        
               | ElevenLathe wrote:
               | Taiwan is also the center of a lot of specialist
               | equipment (not the big swiss-watch ASML machines, but
               | stuff like wafer transports, cleanroom gear, etc.) and
               | consumables (chemicals, bunny suits, etc.). I don't know
               | how extensive and fragile that ecosystem is but I live in
               | eastern Michigan and it seems like every small to midsize
               | town has some tiny automotive supplier that is somehow
               | still in business even while the big plants have moved
               | on. I suspect this is largely because they have no
               | competitors and it is specialist work that doesn't really
               | scale (meaning there is only so much of this work to go
               | around, even if global auto sales 10x) so no one is
               | really motivated to compete either. The result is that
               | the GM and Ford plants leave the country, but still rely
               | on a relatively small set of expertise and tooling that
               | only exist in the rust belt. Presumably, a thorough
               | nuking of the Midwest would (in addition to lots of other
               | unpleasant effects, like the death and famine millions,
               | perhaps billions) at least require the pause of the
               | majority of auto manufacturing around the globe. Assuming
               | people still wanted cars after such an event, it could be
               | recovered, but it would take time.
               | 
               | I got a little carried away with the Michigan analogy,
               | but IMO it doesn't go far enough: Taiwan is far more
               | integral to the global semiconductor industry than
               | Detroit is to the global auto industry.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Those fabs won't start producing for years.
        
               | etempleton wrote:
               | It is not just about semiconductors. It is about pride.
               | Taiwan shows another way for China that is not the PRC
               | just as Hong Kong did. Taiwan is not just a separatist
               | state, it is a successful separatist state. The better
               | Taiwan does the worse the PRC looks. Semiconductors are
               | just another gut punch. Why can't mainland China do what
               | tiny Taiwan has done?
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | I think you underestimate the dependency of all modern
               | economy on semiconductor industry.
               | 
               | I honestly think there is 100% chance that if China
               | invaded Taiwan today, the US would declare war and send
               | troops to defend Taiwan. In contrast, I think there is
               | >0% chance that the US would _not_ declare war on Russia
               | if they did a (tactical) nuclear attack in Ukraine.
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | No you massively overestimate the importance of economics
               | or semiconductor industry. Whatever will happen to Taiwan
               | has nothing to do with Chips.
               | 
               | For China it's about nationalism, for US it's about
               | protecting allies/upholding treaties and protecting
               | democracy from the strongest authoritarian regime. Chips
               | are not important. After all chances are high they might
               | be destroyed even in a successful defense of Taiwan.
               | 
               | As a Ukranian American I wish we had and were doing more
               | for Ukraine but it's not about chips or economics.
               | Ukraine had only recently grown closer to the US. The US
               | has promised to defend Taiwan for a long time (well sort
               | of, arguably the US does keep some strategic ambiguity
               | about this which might let it wiggle out)
        
               | l33t233372 wrote:
               | The US is really not _that_ interested in protecting
               | democracy from authoritarian regimes. If we were, we'd
               | have boots on the ground in many African states.
               | 
               | While upholding treaties is vitally important, I think
               | you're underestimating the importance of chips(a rare
               | occurrence on HN!).
               | 
               | Wars are generally fought over resources rather than
               | ideas, and pretending that US is defending Taiwan to
               | defend democracy instead of defending its strategic
               | interests (access to vital resources -- chips) is
               | misguided.
        
               | nscalf wrote:
               | I don't know where you got the idea that the US will not
               | go to war to protect the US economy, national security,
               | or military capacity, but you are severely
               | misunderstanding the situation. That is why the military
               | exists. We spend the amount we do on the military to
               | support American economic dominance and define the rules
               | on how world trade happens. The reason we are not doing
               | more for Ukraine is because they are not very important
               | to the US, outside of being a buffer against Russia.
               | 
               | Ideas like "protecting democracy" are used to sell
               | citizens on wars they don't care about. The full
               | destruction of TSMC is likely preferred over a Chinese
               | dictated world technological economy. The truth is, if
               | one side has TSMC chips and the other doesn't, what we're
               | talking about may necessitate a total war.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | > For China it's about nationalism, for US it's about
               | protecting allies/upholding treaties and protecting
               | democracy from the strongest authoritarian regime.
               | 
               | I doubt this is true for China (I very much suspect
               | economic concerns trump any other concerns for them as
               | well), but I am quite convinced you are wrong about the
               | USA - one of the biggest supporters of non-democratic
               | regimes in the world. There is little in US history to
               | suggest they have any preference for a democratic regime
               | over a subservient autocratic one. They are also
               | extremely clearly uncaring of international treaties.
               | 
               | And make no mistake: the USA is coordinating Ukraine's
               | defense because it sees it as a good chance to weaken
               | Russia, not out of some deep care for the people of
               | Ukraine.
        
               | ecshafer wrote:
               | I wish I could remember the origin of this. But a quip on
               | this idea I had read was along the lines of "If China
               | invaded Taiwan and Kansas, the US would send troops to
               | Taiwan first". Whether you want to call Taiwan an ally, a
               | protectorate, vassal or whatever your political
               | standpoint would dictate, the US is very protective of
               | Taiwan.
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | Yes but not because of the chips
        
               | l33t233372 wrote:
               | Because of what, then?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | xwolfi wrote:
               | But you underestimate our ability to downsize, turn
               | around and build them locally on a 5-year horizon, and
               | our ability to backtrack tensions anyway if we re
               | reaching a nuclear point.
               | 
               | We will give Ukraine to Russia if we can save Paris.
        
               | nosianu wrote:
               | > _We will give Ukraine to Russia if we can save Paris._
               | 
               | Only that you just taught the already aggressive ruling
               | elite of a huge country with an abundance of resources
               | who don't care about anyone including their own except
               | that they need them for work and for the fighting that
               | threatening use of nukes gets them anything they want.
               | Moldova next - it's not EU or NATO, already very low risk
               | for Russia, if they can get there. Which was (is) a
               | stated goal for the current war, to get the entire south
               | of Ukraine to take away their sea ports and to get to
               | Moldova.
               | 
               | They'll try the Baltic states next. Not a full invasion,
               | just lots of little aggressive actions. Even previously
               | they did murders in the EU, financing of radical parties
               | out to undermine current EU country governments,
               | supported by propaganda. I don't know how much it
               | actually influenced US elections, but I think it's save
               | to say they at least tried.
               | 
               | Giving them Ukraine will be _massive_. They will also
               | have lots more of the oil and gas reserves under Ukraine
               | and around the Krim. They will also get tens of millions
               | of new citizens, lessening the problems of a shrinking
               | number of people available inside Russia significantly.
               | There also are significant parts of former USSR
               | production in Ukraine, which will all go to Russia. They
               | will also own even more of the prime agricultural lands
               | of Eastern Europe, which at least so far seems to suffer
               | less than Western Europe (look at the heat maps of this
               | summer) under climate change so it may become even more
               | valuable than it already is. The land is some prime real
               | estate - unlike Siberia, Ukraine is much better, you can
               | 't look at the map and think "it does not add all that
               | much to Russia" because the value of Ukraine lands is
               | much higher.
               | 
               | I have no idea how you get this idea. Giving up Ukraine
               | is really, really massive in its long term consequences,
               | greatly strengthening Russia directly as well as showing
               | them that the means they use actually work. This would be
               | a gigantic loss for the West.
        
               | tsimionescu wrote:
               | I think there is little chance Russia could successfully
               | occupy and hold Ukraine. Look at the US's utter failure
               | to do the same in Afghanistan, despite vastly more
               | resources and some significant popular support.
        
               | ewzimm wrote:
               | This is a good comment, but rather than tens of millions
               | of new citizens, they would get tens of millions of new
               | insurgents. Nearly the whole population of Ukraine is
               | involved in the war effort in some way, and it would be
               | impossible to break this completely. The only thing that
               | could be given to Russia with the conquest of Ukraine is
               | the option to turn into Afghanistan instead of North
               | Korea.
        
               | nosianu wrote:
               | > _they would get tens of millions of new insurgents._
               | 
               | I doubt it. Most people will be passive and will just
               | live their lives. They will get a few for sure, but they
               | won't be able to do all that much. It's not like the
               | ruling elite cares if there's an occasional killing,
               | after all, they already use that method themselves, see
               | the list of Russian businessmen and manager deaths.
        
               | ewzimm wrote:
               | Not everyone would be involved in directly fighting, but
               | there are intelligence networks, supply networks,
               | opportunities for discreet sabotage and falsifying
               | critical data, and many other ways that people can
               | support a resistance movement that would continue even in
               | a fully occupied Ukraine.
        
               | shepherdjerred wrote:
               | Why not?
               | 
               | Don't semiconductors represent a significant military
               | advantage? Would we really want China to control the
               | worlds semiconductor supply?
        
             | iepathos wrote:
             | The western world would not be compelled to engage
             | militarily over Taiwan. We'd only need to provide money and
             | weapons to Taiwan (rank #21 military in the world) to hold
             | off China (#3) indefinitely given the fact that Taiwan is
             | incredibly difficult to invade due to the barrier the
             | mountain ridges form around it and the narrow straight
             | leading to it for a sea attack. It's a natural fortress.
             | Look at the ongoing failure of Russia (#2) in Ukraine (#22)
             | despite not having difficult land to traverse in their
             | invasion and having a greater advantage in military power
             | by comparison.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | How do you provide weapons to Taiwan if Chinese Navy
               | blockades Taiwan?
        
               | tuatoru wrote:
               | Ahead of time.
        
               | namaria wrote:
               | Whoever ends up controlling Taiwan will have a lot of
               | destroyed factories on their hands. Losing 90% of
               | advanced integrated processor output is world changing by
               | itself. Besides the fact that military analysis done by
               | us news spectators is a vain exercise.
        
             | rcarr wrote:
             | The company that makes the machines that TSMC use to make
             | chips is Dutch if I remember correctly. So if Taiwan gets
             | invaded it is a disaster but not an absolute disaster as
             | presumably USA/other countries could order some machines
             | from said company and start afresh. Supply would be
             | constrained for a long period of time and there would be a
             | massive economic hit but it wouldn't necessarily have to
             | lead to WW3. If Russia is anything to go by, presumably
             | there will be indicators in the months before as to when an
             | attack is going to happen which means TSMC staff could be
             | evacuated to other countries to get things up and running.
             | I think I also read somewhere that USA was already in the
             | process of setting up more chip fabrication on US soil in
             | conjunction with TSMC, I think maybe in Texas if I remember
             | right?
             | 
             | I think I also read that the entire foundry would be rigged
             | to blow in the case of invasion. Between controlled
             | demolitions such as these by Taiwan and whatever China has
             | to fire at them to successfully win, there would be very
             | little of value left standing on the island by the end of
             | it. It would take them decades to redevelop it. Very hollow
             | victory for China.
        
             | LeifCarrotson wrote:
             | A fab in Ohio, Oregon, or Arizona 10,000 km from China is
             | safe from threats like cruise missiles that the proposed
             | fab 1000 km from China in Japan or South Korea would not
             | be.
             | 
             | It's not so much that cruise missiles used on civilian
             | targets in South Korea or Japan would not be a reason to
             | start WW3, more that it would be less tempting.
        
               | permo-w wrote:
               | China recently tested a hypersonic missile that
               | circumnavigated the global and then marginally missed its
               | target
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | If China and the United States are in a full-on shooting
               | war, the last thing I'm going to be worried about is what
               | country 5nm chip fabs are based in. It's a complete and
               | utter failure state of civilization, and is one hot-
               | headed decision away from going nuclear.
               | 
               | If chip fabs are at the top list of your worries, your
               | perspective of war is probably overly informed by being
               | on the side that undertakes imperial adventures against
               | people who can't shoot back. Direct war against an actual
               | superpower is horrific.
        
               | sitkack wrote:
               | All this talk of China invading Taiwan and attacking
               | other countries in SE Asia is bonkers. Their economy
               | would be cut off from the rest of the world in an
               | instant. Their commercial fishing fleets would probably
               | be driven back to port.
               | 
               | It would take a matter of days until they had massive
               | internal protests. Hungry people topple governments in
               | hours.
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | Yes it is bonkers, indeed!
               | 
               | Yet, it is EXACTLY what Xi repeatedly said in his new-
               | term-inauguration speech
               | 
               | The dictator of China has effectively declared, as
               | publicly as possible, and very specifically, that he
               | intends to invade Taiwan if it does not willingly abandon
               | it's democracy and come under China's rule
               | 
               | He obviously thinks he can get away with doing so without
               | consequences, including those you suggest.
               | 
               | Yet, leaders make such mistakes all the time. Putin just
               | made one on 24-Feb-2022.
               | 
               | It is up to the western world to ensure that Xi sees that
               | such an action would result in bad consequences for him,
               | and deter him from his stated course.
               | 
               | But the fact that it is bonkers is no assurance
               | whatsoever that it won't happen.
        
               | cowtools wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%27s_final_warning
        
               | dirtyid wrote:
               | Except, PRC "Final Warnings" has preluded actual war or
               | near actual war with every NPT nuclear state, a few times
               | when PRC wasn't (or not meaningfully) a nuclear power
               | herself, on issues much less important than TW, when PRC
               | was much more militarily weak than it is now. This
               | includes USSR skirmishes (hence why the Soviet meme is
               | stupid), US+UN in Korea, threatening UK over HK handover,
               | secretly shelling French in Vietnam, multiple TW strait
               | crisis. To add insult to injury, with respect to source
               | of this meme, PRC "final warnings" throughout this period
               | shot down 5 U2s, that's 3 more than USSR. So not only was
               | PRC following up with warnings, but they managed to do so
               | more successfully than USSR.
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | That's great -- China issued over 900 "Final Warnings"
               | about US military presence in the Taiwan Straits, and
               | zero of them had any follow-through.
               | 
               | That gives us good reason to hope that China will keep
               | behaving that way. We can keep up the deterrence, China
               | can keep on blustering, and nothing bad actually happens.
               | That would indeed be a great result.
               | 
               | Indeed, seems like a most likely scenario.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | > Their economy would be cut off from the rest of the
               | world in an instant.
               | 
               | I think you misunderstand deeply the current equilibrium
               | in the world.
               | 
               | Most of Africa, a significant part of South East Asia,
               | some countries in Eastern Europe would definitely align
               | with China. A significant part of South America would be
               | neutral.
               | 
               | The USA is losing allies nearly as fast as China is
               | making them.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | Long range Cruise missles can hit Ohio Oregon or Arizona
               | just as easily
        
               | theptip wrote:
               | I'm confused by this take. Who is threatening Japan with
               | cruise missiles? Certainly not China or Russia. North
               | Korea, perhaps.
               | 
               | The primary reason that we're concerned about
               | semiconductor fab concentration in Taiwan is that China
               | has consistently stated that it is going to invade Taiwan
               | at some point (and that could be 2049 or in a few years
               | for all we know). This is completely outside of any
               | hypothetical scenarios of who lobs cruise missiles at who
               | during WW3.
               | 
               | You can make the point that relying on semiconductor
               | manufacturing outside of your country/coalition is a bad
               | idea for military self-sufficiency, and I would agree,
               | but that's a much more diffuse risk than the very
               | specific scenario that is driving the CHIPS act and
               | concern about fab concentration in Taiwan.
        
               | blaser-waffle wrote:
               | _> Who is threatening Japan with cruise missiles?
               | Certainly not China or Russia. North Korea, perhaps._
               | 
               | China has said that they believe that, in the event of
               | hostilities over Taiwan, they will be obligated to strike
               | US forces everywhere in the region -- and the US Navy
               | still has a strong presence in Japan. Also S. Korea and
               | the Philippines.
               | 
               | This means potentially launching missiles at these
               | countries too, and the Chinese have made it very clear to
               | all involved that they will consider and/all US allies in
               | the region as potential belligerents and act accordingly.
               | AKA military action against Japan and SK, and possibly
               | Australia and NZ. It is just another part of the Taiwan
               | political calculus.
               | 
               | Point is: moving the fabs out of Taiwan doesn't mean shit
               | if they're still in a country that China could strike,
               | and in the case of Japan, _would likely strike_ , in the
               | event of hostilities.
        
               | theptip wrote:
               | > China has said that they believe that, in the event of
               | hostilities over Taiwan, they will be obligated to strike
               | US forces everywhere in the region
               | 
               | Do you have a source for this? I haven't heard this
               | stated before, but I'm not an expert here.
               | 
               | Even taking this as true, I think it's a big leap to go
               | from striking US military bases in Japan, to striking
               | civilian infrastructure in those countries.
               | 
               | It seems quite clear to me that the opening salvo you are
               | hypothesizing (attacking multiple military bases and
               | civilian targets) would be an act of war against the USA
               | and Japan. This would certainly provoke all-out war with
               | the US, and they have a first-use policy that could
               | entail a nuclear response.
               | 
               | Frankly the whole scenario above seems extremely unlikely
               | to me, and I think Ukraine is the better example to model
               | here. Essentially, China occupies Taiwan, and dares the
               | US to strike in retaliation, knowing that their
               | retaliation would be the thing that triggers armageddon,
               | and betting that the US is not actually willing to
               | escalate militarily over Taiwan. I predict that China
               | would take an effort to avoid attacking any US military
               | personnel stationed in Taiwan (I gather this is just an
               | unofficial presence), because the rational play is to
               | give the US as little excuse as possible to escalate in
               | response.
               | 
               | In other words, China MUST offer the US a path to de-
               | escalation/capitulation in order to take Taiwan without a
               | war with the USA. It's much easier to take Taiwan without
               | a full war with the USA (obviously, IMO).
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | The specifics of the top three economies in the world
               | going to non-proxy war with one another, in the age of
               | MAD, is incredibly hard to imagine.
        
               | adriancr wrote:
               | > China occupies Taiwan
               | 
               | They're not even remotely capable of doing that before US
               | intervenes. Taiwan is a heavily fortified island with
               | unfriendly geography and a massive high tech army.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | That's a big if there. There's no guarantee that the US
               | intervenes, especially depending on who the president
               | happens to be at the time.
        
               | canadianfella wrote:
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | > China has said that they believe that, in the event of
               | hostilities over Taiwan, they will be obligated to strike
               | US forces everywhere in the region -- and the US Navy
               | still has a strong presence in Japan. Also S. Korea and
               | the Philippines.
               | 
               | This would be starting World War III. It would be akin to
               | the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, with the main
               | difference being, we have thousands of nukes and China
               | does not. This course of action is so profoundly stupid
               | that I cannot imagine China taking it.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | That sounds like saber rattling to me. Trying to scare
               | diplomats with talk of armageddon to secure a better
               | bargaining position. It's a constant of international
               | politics and one shouldn't read too much into it. The
               | same is true of North Korea talking about turning Seoul
               | into a crater whenever they need to ask for food aid.
        
               | jldugger wrote:
               | It is, for now. But it would be a lot safer if the chip
               | fabs werent all located along a hotly contested south
               | china sea.
        
               | slickrick216 wrote:
               | If China attempts an invasion on Taiwan it is not
               | unrealistic to suggest they'll also take a swing at Japan
               | and at least try to destroy the fabs there.
        
               | DeathArrow wrote:
               | China does not want Japan. They want Taiwan and
               | preferably with chip factories intact.
        
               | georgeecollins wrote:
               | It's possible for China to attack fabs in Japan but China
               | attacking Japan is a WW3 level escalation without a
               | doubt. Invading Taiwan may or may not be.
               | 
               | Japan is very able to defend itself against China and the
               | Chinese know that. That doesn't mean the Japanese would
               | win a war with China, but who knows? Who would think
               | Ukraine could take on Russia? If China seriously went to
               | war with the US and Japan China could be blockaded.
               | 
               | The history of the last fifty years suggest the Chinese
               | are pretty measured in their use of force. I'm sure they
               | would try to capture Taiwan if they were confident they
               | could with acceptable losses. But they realize time is on
               | their side and they are not crazy gamblers like Putin.
        
               | dirtyid wrote:
               | Depends on how Sino-US competition veers.
               | 
               | As important as TW is to rejuvenation narrative, it's
               | ultimately the consolation prize versus dismantling US
               | east asian security architecture and securing regional+
               | hegemony. That's the grand finale battle for the
               | lightcone of future PRC security/prosperity.
               | 
               | >Japan is very able to defend
               | 
               | Japan (and SKR, and TW, and even PH) like most US allies
               | in island chain are are heavily dependant on energy and
               | calorie imports. They can defend themselves against
               | invasion, but they can't defend against PRC turning them
               | into Yemen by wrecking critical infra (cut internet
               | cables, destroy power nodes, mine ports etc). Stuff that
               | make them non viable as a modern economy/society. The
               | flip side of trying to contain PRC during peace is if
               | they try to contain PRC during war, they're stuck in the
               | island chain with a much more autarkic PRC who can spoil
               | region indefinitely. And because US has security
               | commitments, it maybe in PRC interest to draw US to
               | defend allies where PRC forces balance is strongest.
               | 
               | I also think while CCP obviously prefers low cost
               | reuninfication (even if armed), I personally would not be
               | surprised if things escalate much broader because there
               | are larger (and worthwhile) goals / targets. If Australia
               | is going to contribute to even supporting US efforts in
               | TW scenario, then destroying US military infra in AU
               | (Pinegap, Geraldton, Exmouth) will cripple US Indo Pac
               | operation. If anything, there may come a point of
               | favourable future PRC power balance mixed with levels of
               | percieved US antagonism where PRC will be eager for
               | excuses to eliminate US regional/global military infra.
        
               | greycol wrote:
               | The issue is in such a war China is also cut off. A major
               | point of their south china sea claims is to ensure that
               | there is no peaceful way to block oil (and other
               | products) being delivered to Chinese ports. In an attack
               | on Japan (that doesn't turn into MAD) China also loses
               | this supply chain and becomes reliant on Russia for
               | energy imports and the infratructure for that reliance
               | isn't in place yet and is also a major weakness.
        
               | dirtyid wrote:
               | PRC is essentially calorically food secure (with huge
               | waste / room to optimize), has large energy reserves, and
               | unlike island nations, massive domestic raw resource
               | supplies. PRC is NOT Japan during WW2. Hence PRC is much
               | more autarkic and can drag on war economy, perhaps
               | indefinitely. Sure people will eat less meat and depend
               | more on EVs (maybe even cope on bikes) during transition,
               | but when shit hits fan, PRC + RU (is a powerful self
               | sufficient land bloc with much greater long term war
               | making potential than US partners trapped on vunerable
               | islands. It's about asymmetric vunerability.
               | 
               | >The issue is in such a war China is also cut off
               | 
               | The Malacca dilemma was based on assumption that US had
               | unilateral power to blockade PRC imports with impunity
               | due to being domestically energy secure - it was an
               | argument/strategy also based on asymmetric vunerability.
               | 
               | But that's increasingly not true, the TLDR is PRC rocket
               | force likely already has capability or will in short term
               | to _conventionally_ strike major US energy infra... US is
               | existentially dependant on ~150 refineries - they are as
               | dependant on these refineries as PRC is on maritime
               | energy shipping. People conflate resource security as
               | having more resources in your soil but it's really about
               | the ability to protect the critical extraction/delivery
               | infra. Otherwise Saudi wouldn't bribe US for security.
               | Obviously conventional CONUS strikes is also a prelude to
               | MAD, but it is also an equation for PRC establishing
               | mutual vunerability with US, which greatly constrains US
               | actions. Not to mention such capability also functionally
               | dismantles US naval supremacy via port strikes (both
               | capital and support assets) that underpins US global
               | power projection.
               | 
               | My feeling is that the chance of US blockading PRC when
               | she becomes as (conventionally) vunerable as PRC is
               | increasingly remote. It's hard to understate how much
               | geostrategic calculations must change once a relatively
               | autarkic industrial power as massive as PRC is able
               | credibly bring actual war to US homefront. It will be
               | first time in modern history where conventional fires can
               | penetrate CONUS to meaningfully degrade US society. US
               | will have to assess whether it wants to fight a possibly
               | existential war (possibly at best a pyrrhic one where she
               | might not uphold her hegemony after) or abandon East Asia
               | where PRC preponderance is increasingly difficult to
               | match or deter, especially with respect to TW.
        
               | bendhoefs wrote:
               | Why? If China decides to invade Taiwan surely they'll do
               | everything they can to not give the rest of the world a
               | reason to intervene.
               | 
               | They want Taiwan not a war with the entire west all at
               | once.
        
               | etempleton wrote:
               | The United States has indicated that they would
               | intervene, which means the only way to have a chance at a
               | successful amphibious landing would be to conduct
               | preemptive strikes against US bases in the region. To do
               | so would be a direct declaration of war against the US
               | and NATO, which, at current, China cannot hope to win.
               | 
               | I think China is out of there mind here. They either are
               | A. willing to smash Taiwan to rubble and call it a
               | victory or B. completely overestimate their chance of
               | success.
               | 
               | I think China's real hope is that they can threaten their
               | way to an advantageous position and take Taiwan without
               | firing a bullet, but so far no one is blinking and the
               | west is fed up with autocrats threatening warfare to get
               | their way.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | NATO specifically doesn't involve European partners in a
               | war in the Pacific. Not to say some may or may not join
               | the US in the fight.
        
               | nordsieck wrote:
               | > If China decides to invade Taiwan surely they'll do
               | everything they can to not give the rest of the world a
               | reason to intervene.
               | 
               | That only works if the rest of the world hasn't already
               | decided to intervene.
               | 
               | And sure - NATO isn't "the rest of the world"; but
               | militarily, it might as well be.
        
               | ericmay wrote:
               | "Taking" Taiwan with abrupt military force cannot be
               | decoupled from a war with the entire west all at once. At
               | least US, UK, SK, AUS, and others (unsure about EU
               | involvement).
        
               | addingadimensio wrote:
               | If China invades Taiwan it's not unrealistic to think
               | they'll also start World War III at the same time? I
               | think that's unrealistic
        
               | theptip wrote:
               | That seems very unrealistic to suggest, to me.
        
               | xwolfi wrote:
               | It is very unlikely, if not impossible: China has
               | repeatedly stated Taiwan is in China, Taiwan has
               | repeatedly stated they, in fact, are the legitimate
               | China, both prepare day and night for an invasion they
               | never dismiss, and both are a direct threat to each other
               | politically, geographically and culturally.
               | 
               | Japan ? They're as threatened by China as India, and
               | nobody in China is planning for administrative take over
               | of 130 millions Japanese anytime soon. And Japan has so
               | many problems to solve already, they're not looking at
               | bothering China enough to risk missiles.
        
               | bluepizza wrote:
               | It is completely unrealistic. Japan is protected by the
               | USA. Any attacks on Japanese territory would lead to
               | nuclear annihilation of Beijing.
        
               | pweezy wrote:
               | China is a nuclear power and neither the US nor China is
               | interested in MAD. Any attacks on Japanese territory
               | would probably lead to a hot war with the US, but almost
               | certainly not nuclear annihilation.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | This sounds like what was being said about Taiwan a few
               | years ago.
        
               | bluepizza wrote:
               | It absolutely does not. Taiwan was never under any sort
               | of agreement, and the USA has always been ambiguous about
               | its policy towards Taiwan.
               | 
               | This is completely different from the mutual defense
               | agreement that Japan has with the USA, where it has been
               | made very clear that the USA will protect Japan.
               | 
               | I understand you want to have a critical opinion, but you
               | need to look at the facts.
        
               | hollerith wrote:
               | In particular, Japan has the economic and technological
               | might to have been able to make nukes decades ago. They
               | didn't because they received a promise from the US that
               | if anyone nuked them, the US would retaliate with its
               | nukes. In exchange, Japan promised it would not make
               | nukes (and probably also promised to consult with the US
               | on Japanese national security matters). This deal came
               | about because both Japan and the US see the value in
               | keeping the number of countries with nukes low.
        
               | mlsu wrote:
               | If China invaded Taiwan it would be despite, not because
               | of, the fabs there.
        
               | 22SAS wrote:
               | If they agree to stay the fuck out of Japan and focus
               | solely on Taiwan, NATO will stay put to avoid WW3. Plus,
               | South Korea, Japan, have treaties with the US, which will
               | lead the US to intervene if either of these countries
               | gets attacked. China might not want to officially give
               | NATO a reason to start WW3.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _Who is threatening Japan with cruise missiles?
               | Certainly not China or Russia. North Korea, perhaps._
               | 
               | China. Japan cooperates with AUKUS [1]. If Xi invades
               | Taiwan, it's going to pull in America, Britain, Australia
               | and-in all likelihood-Japan.
               | 
               | That said, we're more likely to see a recapitulation of
               | the Ukraine playbook than direct intervention by American
               | and Japanese forces.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUKUS
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | Japan has inquired about participating in AUKUS, but
               | doesn't currently.
        
               | godelski wrote:
               | > I'm confused by this take. Who is threatening Japan
               | with cruise missiles? Certainly not China or Russia.
               | North Korea, perhaps.
               | 
               | Countries that have actively threatened Japan with
               | nuclear bombs: China, Russia, North Korea, and the US
               | (which literally dropped a bomb but have yet to make
               | threats since).
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | Okay? Put some dates on those, because you know damn well
               | WWII is irrelevant to the question of current threats.
        
             | rat87 wrote:
             | No just no
             | 
             | Our dedication to protect our ally Taiwan has nothing to do
             | with Silicone and neither does China's nationalist
             | obsession over it. If it comes to war, chips will play no
             | role
        
               | l33t233372 wrote:
               | What does our dedication have to do with if not that?
               | 
               | Why are you so quick to dismiss being protective of such
               | an important resource as a motivation to protect Taiwan?
        
               | giobox wrote:
               | While we can likely all agree "Silicone" is not the
               | issue, silicon chips is undoubtedly an important
               | variable. The Taiwanese government agrees too, and does
               | think chips will play a role:
               | 
               | "Taiwan's president, Tsai Ing-wen, told one group that
               | she saw the island's tech prowess as a means of shoring
               | up support for its democracy. Calling economic security a
               | "pillar" of national security, she said Taiwan was
               | willing to work with partners to build sustainable supply
               | chains for what she called "democracy chips."
               | 
               | > https://www.nytimes.com/2022/08/29/technology/taiwan-
               | chips.h...
               | 
               | This is hardly an "out-there" take, too.
        
             | jotm wrote:
             | I mean, yeah, they're great, but come on. Most of the
             | important stuff runs on stuff that's decades old.
        
             | Apofis wrote:
             | My laptop and iPhone are fast enough... I can't believe
             | some people would risk a nuclear war over not having the
             | latest iPhone next year.
        
               | toss1 wrote:
               | The latest electronic gadget is NOT what it is about
               | 
               | It is whether the democracies of the world will abandon
               | democracy and allow dictators to take over their
               | societies by threat of force or force.
               | 
               | If we are not both better armed, better prepared, and
               | willing to fight, we might as well hand over the key to
               | Putin, Xi, and Un, and live under their dictatorships.
               | 
               | If we want freedom, we must risk war, and if the threat
               | is nuclear war, then that most of all must be faced down.
               | There is a reason we don't negotiate with terrorists or
               | blackmailers -- because if we negotiate and let them gain
               | from terrorism or blackmail, we get a short period of
               | peace before they try it again, along with every other
               | wannabe dictator who can get their hands on some weapons.
               | This all applies even more strongly with nukes.
               | 
               | It sucks, but there is no other choice.
        
           | coryfklein wrote:
           | Despite being close to China as the crow flies, the
           | _geopolitical_ difference between Japan and Taiwan means they
           | could be on opposite sides of the globe.
        
             | hayst4ck wrote:
             | Can you break that down? I am not sure I understand what
             | you mean.
        
               | TillE wrote:
               | They're different countries with entirely different
               | relationships to the PRC.
        
               | hayst4ck wrote:
               | "On entire other sides of the globe" is a pretty strong
               | statement. Japan is a vassal state of the US and Taiwan's
               | independence from China relies wholly on US support.
               | Chinese citizens (at least the ones I questioned) have no
               | love for Japanese. There are even talks of a Pacific NATO
               | between Vietnam, Korea, Japan, and the Phillipines, with
               | Taiwan being the clear Ukraine parallel. South Korea is
               | probably politically like Germany (primarily self
               | interested), Japan is probably politically like the UK
               | (sees the bigger picture).
        
               | rat87 wrote:
               | Japan is not a vassal state. It's a powerful country
               | that's an ally of the US.
        
               | hayst4ck wrote:
               | Japan's constitution prohibits a traditional military as
               | a result of surrender in WW2. Not having the right to
               | solve your own disputes sounds like vassalization to me.
               | From a face saving perspective "powerful ally country" is
               | probably the status of every vassal state. From a de
               | facto perspective they are not allowed to solve their own
               | disputes and house military bases of a country that
               | solves disputes (with the threat of violence) on their
               | behalf.
               | 
               | The difference between ally and vassal seems like one of
               | alignment. Right now Japan and the US are quite aligned,
               | but were alignment different, I think the status would be
               | as well.
        
               | l33t233372 wrote:
               | Japan is by no means a Vassal states. It has the third
               | largest GDP in the world, and is a major player in its
               | own right, although you are correct in asserting that it
               | is militarily comparable with far less wealthy nations.
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | Building a fab in Japan instead Taiwan does quite a lot to
           | mitigate geopolitical issues.
        
           | xwdv wrote:
           | China is not dumb enough to assault Japan, and if they blow
           | up Japanese fabs they know that will be the end of China as
           | we once knew it. Don't give the US a reason to retaliate
           | hard.
           | 
           | They might rattle their sabers but these fabs will be safe.
        
         | adeptima wrote:
         | "The plant will produce 22-nanometer and 28-nanometer chips to
         | address strong global demand for speciality chip technologies,
         | they said"
         | 
         | I'm curious why not the latest - 3nm, 5nm
        
           | dr-detroit wrote:
        
           | svnt wrote:
           | They may be preparing to do both, and in both the US and
           | Japan. Their statement is then technically true and does not
           | upset the mainland.
        
           | AlgorithmicTime wrote:
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | Good enough. There is nothing wrong with existing parts and
           | so why spend money to design new ones. Inflation is bad
           | enough without having to pay for new engineering as well
        
           | deqwer wrote:
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | detaro wrote:
           | There is no spare capacity to build highest-end process fabs,
           | and there is huge demand for capacity in 22/28nm too.
        
             | sylware wrote:
             | "spare capacity" ? what do you mean ? Taiwan and South
             | Korea are enough to supply the world demand? Well, it is
             | still hard to get your hands on top-notch chips at a
             | reasonable price whatever the news is saying...
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | > Well, it is still hard to get your hands on top-notch
               | chips at a reasonable price whatever the news is
               | saying...
               | 
               | it's really not and actually the slowdown is so bad that
               | AMD has had to reduce production, as well as other
               | companies reducing memory/flash wafer starts etc.
               | 
               | it's not just intel or fake news, availability really
               | hasn't been a problem for a year or more at this point,
               | and if anything we're starting to shift into the "glut"
               | phase of the bullwhip cycle.
        
               | reportingsjr wrote:
               | It depends on what you're looking at. I develop
               | electronics hardware, and it is still incredibly
               | difficult to get a lot of ICs.
               | 
               | Texas instruments still has not caught up, and their
               | chips are used just about everything, including on
               | graphics cards.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | yeah that's fair, the embedded market (both power,
               | microcontrollers, and others) is still fucked up, but,
               | the leading-edge market is in oversupply at this point
               | and companies are starting to pull back production hard.
        
               | kuschku wrote:
               | You need certain machines for EUV. There's only one
               | manufacturer (ASML) for those, and they're at capacity.
               | And even if they wanted to scale up, there's only one
               | manufacturer (Zeiss) for the EUV mirrors required for
               | those machines, and all their capacity for the next years
               | is already bought as well.
        
               | throwawaylinux wrote:
               | DUV seems to be economical down to about 7nm though.
        
               | kuschku wrote:
               | From what Intel put out in marketing materials, even at
               | 14nm they had a very unreliable process with DUV. So, it
               | might not be economical for the type of IC produced in
               | these factories.
        
               | throwawaylinux wrote:
               | TSMC (and Intel) use DUV for their 7nm.
               | 
               | TSMC's DUV 7 processes are reportedly very good.
               | 
               | And I thought Intel's 14 was good too (after some
               | ramping), which is why they stayed on it and iterated on
               | it for so long, it was the 10nm process they had so much
               | trouble with and the problems there are not generally
               | reported to be with lithography but materials (cobalt,
               | among other things, which they dropped in later nodes).
               | 
               | So I'm not sure what you are trying to argue. DUV has
               | _proven_ to be economical down to about 7nm.
        
               | sylware wrote:
               | So it means that chinese SMIC announced '7nm' implies
               | they have EUV working?
        
               | me_me_me wrote:
               | I am announcing 1nm chip rihht here right now! Trust me I
               | wouldn't lie.
               | 
               | The nm measure is a marketing tool. Intel nm is 'larger'
               | because they were measuring gates differently.
               | 
               | I only take nm claims as comparison of products of same
               | company.
        
               | Sakos wrote:
               | No, they don't have EUV. They have 7nm which they're
               | doing with DUV, but they're hitting the same issues Intel
               | did with abysmal yields and there's no guarantee that
               | SMIC will be able to solve something Intel was never able
               | to.
        
               | sylware wrote:
               | ... unless they jump onto the EUV train. That said heard
               | that japan may come back as a top-notch silicium country
               | with... nanoimprint?!
        
               | terminalcommand wrote:
               | Why can't ASML scale up? I don't understand this. I think
               | because they are a monopoly they can work slower, they
               | don't need the extra profits.
        
               | matthewmacleod wrote:
               | It's not software - they can't just sprinkle some
               | Kubernetes on it and scale. There are complex global
               | supply chains involving extreme cutting-edge technology,
               | engineering, and research.
        
               | CydeWeys wrote:
               | Why didn't they simply build more chips in 2020 instead
               | of shuttering all of those automobile factories?
               | 
               | At some point you're running into actual, real
               | constraints, real bottlenecks in the supply chain, that
               | will take years to resolve. You can't just scale up on
               | short timeframes, no more than you can make a baby in a
               | shorter time frame.
        
               | xxpor wrote:
               | ASML is (now) a company everyone has heard of, but like
               | GP hinted at with their Zeiss comment, their supply chain
               | is crazy deep as well. Getting everything scaled up
               | across companies and countries is far from trivial.
        
               | terminalcommand wrote:
               | That's true, but this is one of the most important techs
               | we have. From the recent news, I see that TSMC wants ASML
               | to scale up as well. TSMC announced that it will cut its
               | capital expenditure by 10% due to supply problems. This
               | announcement tanked ASML's share price.
               | 
               | My comment is that ASML is hitting their profit targets,
               | they have backlog until 2024. If I were leading ASML or
               | an employee of it, I wouldn't want to scale up. I am
               | already hitting my targets, it's cozy, I have backlog
               | until 2024, I have no competition.
               | 
               | The current situation is good for ASML and bad for us.
               | 
               | My comment is equally applicable for all companies in the
               | supply chain that are monopolies.
        
               | snovv_crash wrote:
               | Apparently ASML's internal processes are a mess, with
               | everything consistently blocked by technical debt. I
               | suspect this is the biggest blocker to their ability to
               | scale their production faster.
        
               | achenet wrote:
               | this makes me wish I were like the Harvey Keitel
               | character in Pulp Fiction, so I could straighten my tie,
               | say "I'm on it", and hop into my vintage Mercedes
               | convertible to go fix it.
        
               | tempnow987 wrote:
               | They have a build process video. A lot of knowledge is in
               | folks heads as well from what they said - and nothing is
               | "mass produced" really. And it's all at the absolute
               | limits.
               | 
               | Zeiss covers their mirrors and lenses. The smoothness is
               | extreme: "If you were to enlarge such a mirror to the
               | size of Germany, the largest unevenness - the Zugspitze,
               | so to speak - would be a whole 0.1 millimeters high."
               | 
               | Then they have positioning / tilt accuracy.
               | 
               | "If one of these EUV mirrors were to redirect a laser
               | beam and aim it at the Moon, it would be able to hit a
               | ping pong ball on the Moon's surface."
               | 
               | What they don't say is what the yield is on these. I've
               | heard they have to try and make X to get y that can hit
               | all the specs.
               | 
               | In the machines themselves didn't they have to build in
               | both an electron microscope and an atomic force
               | microscope for defect detection?
               | 
               | And then the environment they operate in is terrible from
               | a wavelength absorption energy / contamination (tin?)
               | issues etc.
        
               | Negitivefrags wrote:
               | Scaling up too much is a huge risk. Sure, people want a
               | lot more EUV machines right _now_ , but what if they
               | don't later? You can be left with a lot of expensive
               | capital outlay that is going unused.
               | 
               | The semi industry is known for being very boom/bust so
               | it's best not to scale up too quick lest it kill your
               | company.
        
               | terminalcommand wrote:
               | This is a convincing argument.
        
           | PartiallyTyped wrote:
           | To produce 3nm and 5nm, you need to order fabs from ASML who
           | has an enormous backlog..
           | 
           | On the other hand, 22nm and 28nm are almost 10 year old
           | technologies and they are still used in cars, so much so that
           | the industry is begging car manufacturers to get to newer
           | nodes [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://www.theregister.com/2021/10/19/chip_manufacturer_
           | chi...
        
           | xadhominemx wrote:
           | Japanese customers like Sony and Renesas have growing demand
           | on 22/28nm
        
           | blihp wrote:
           | Cost... both to design for the node and to manufacture on it.
           | A lot of products don't need the latest and greatest process
           | node, they just need economical capacity.
        
         | reportingsjr wrote:
         | I saw some pictures a while ago on twitter of their new fab in
         | Arizona under construction. It looked pretty similar. TSMC
         | means business when they start building out. I don't want to
         | imagine handling logistics on a construction site like this!
        
           | downrightmike wrote:
           | Time is money. And they are making bank.
        
           | deqwer wrote:
        
         | habibur wrote:
         | and then what? it will take several years to be operational.
         | and people are afraid things might escalate within months.
        
         | incomingpain wrote:
         | The massive war with China has left obvious key issues in chip
         | fabrication. The reason or whatever for the ongoing war with
         | china doesn't matter.
         | 
         | Similar factories are being built in Germany by Infineon:
         | https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/about-infineon/press/press-r...
         | 
         | Samsung in Texas:
         | https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/samsung-plans-17-...
         | 
         | Intel in Arizona: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/23/intel-is-
         | spending-20-billion...
         | 
         | Samsung/SK in Korea: https://fortune.com/2021/05/13/south-
         | korea-chip-semiconducto...
         | 
         | India is doing something with Risc-V:
         | https://pib.gov.in/PressReleaseIframePage.aspx?PRID=1820621
         | 
         | Overall, divestment from china seems to be the goal. But this
         | many new factories being produced is going to overproduce chips
         | and eliminate any profitability; but inexpensive chips like
         | this will most likely create a boon to the economies.
        
           | undersuit wrote:
           | If the US was really serious about microchips being critical
           | infrastructure we'd want over production. We have more roads
           | than makes sense, we should have more chips on-hand than our
           | critical power and data infrastructure needs to be rebuilt in
           | the event of a catastrophe.
        
             | tobyjsullivan wrote:
             | Strategies like this are how you end up with warehouses
             | full of rusting parts. Government-funded overproduction
             | leads to stockpiling at the taxpayer's expense.
             | 
             | It's been done many times before (weapons, food, etc.) and
             | always leads to the exact same result: garbage heaps and no
             | available resources when they're actually needed.
             | 
             | Offering companies grants and favors to encourage building
             | real, sustainable, on-shore businesses has a much higher
             | likelihood of success.
        
       | achenet wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/ICWl6
        
       | sabujp wrote:
       | semi stocks are at all time lows and PE levels. Don't let this
       | doom and gloom piece prevent you from buying more
        
         | bagacrap wrote:
         | If you didn't sell semi stocks at their peak last November,
         | when will you sell them?
         | 
         | And if you didn't buy till they were near their peak, did you
         | really care about PE ratios?
        
         | alexk307 wrote:
         | Agreed - so much long term upside paired with tons of short
         | term uncertainity.
        
         | ac29 wrote:
         | Note that the typically given P/E ratio is a backwards looking
         | number, not forwards.
         | 
         | Intel trades at 5.5x PE for the last 12 months but 12.1x PE for
         | the next 12 months (estimated, obviously). Intel specifically
         | is also not at an "all time low" - they IPO'd in 1971 and have
         | grown significantly since then.
         | 
         | I agree there are some bargains to be had in semi stocks, but
         | keep in mind things may very well get worse before they get
         | better.
        
       | Isinlor wrote:
       | China already declared that it will use force in Taiwan if
       | "possibilities for a peaceful reunification should be completely
       | exhausted".
       | 
       | From Chinese Anti-Secession Law:
       | 
       | Article 8: In the event that the "Taiwan independence"
       | secessionist forces should act under any name or by any means to
       | cause the fact of Taiwan's secession from China, or that major
       | incidents entailing Taiwan's secession from China should occur,
       | or that possibilities for a peaceful reunification should be
       | completely exhausted, the state shall employ non-peaceful means
       | and other necessary measures to protect China's sovereignty and
       | territorial integrity.
       | 
       | https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2004_2009/documents/...
       | 
       | It is USA/EU strategic interest to avoid too deep dependency on
       | Taiwan. We should support the status quo there as people of
       | Taiwan are prosperous and peaceful nation. But we can't be caught
       | off guard by China as EU was caught off guard by Russia.
        
         | lovich wrote:
         | The soviets used this ad a phrase given how many times China
         | doesn't follow through with a threat.[1]
         | 
         | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/China%27s_final_warning
        
         | bryanlarsen wrote:
         | China will invade Taiwan when the cost to do so is low enough
         | and/or they are desperate. In other words, the probability of
         | success is considerably higher today than it will be in the
         | future (even if the probability of success today isn't great).
         | 
         | Russia is a declining state relative to Ukraine & Europe, so
         | Putin's odds of success in 2022 were considerably higher than
         | they would be 10 years later. So _if_ invading Ukraine was
         | necessary at some point, 2022 was the best time to do it.
         | 
         | China's regime believes that invading Taiwan is necessary, but
         | OTOH the Chinese military is getting stronger very quickly and
         | they believe they'll be in a much better position to invade in
         | a decade then they are now. So there is no way they're going to
         | invade any time soon.
         | 
         | Avoiding a war completely is highly unlikely given Xi & China's
         | policies. But delaying a war is highly likely. And a war
         | indefinitely delayed is a war avoided.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | Check for fifth columns. They'll probably prefer to have
           | those than to try w/o them.
        
           | throwawaylinux wrote:
           | > And a war indefinitely delayed is a war avoided.
           | 
           | You spend the rest of the comment before this talking about
           | how war will happen when they are stronger and probably can't
           | be avoided, so I don't know how this last sentence follows.
           | 
           | If you know for sure that someone will wage war on you in
           | future, and that they will get stronger faster than you will,
           | then it could be in your interest to go to war against them
           | sooner rather than later.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Xi's China will wage war. It won't always be Xi's China.
        
               | throwawaylinux wrote:
               | So you've reversed your position about the inevitability
               | of war with China then?
        
           | breckenedge wrote:
           | Treating political and military leaders as rational entities
           | is dangerous.
        
             | tanseydavid wrote:
             | >> Treating political and military leaders as rational
             | entities is dangerous.
             | 
             | I would think the opposite to be true.
             | 
             | How do you attempt to apply to game theory to a situation
             | where the other party is completely irrational? It seems
             | impossible to me.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | Xi is one of the most rational actors on the world stage.
             | Machiavellian rational, but rational. I recommend the
             | Economist's podcast series on him.
        
               | spamizbad wrote:
               | Is he? I feel like everyone said this about Putin and now
               | the narrative has changed and he's an unstable madman
               | whose going to launch a nuke if he loses too badly in his
               | war.
               | 
               | Like many politicians, Xi is ruthlessly self-interested.
               | His actions that allow him to consolidate power aren't
               | necessarily in the best interests of China.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | >> Is he?
               | 
               | Yeah, Biden himself recently said that Putin is a
               | rational actor who grossly miscalculated, because he was
               | basically fed very bad and flawed intel. He may be
               | blustering about nukes now, but the only way he would do
               | that is if Ukraine turns the tables and invades Russia,
               | or something similar.
        
               | hunterb123 wrote:
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | "Rational" has somehow become synonymous with "good" or
               | "agrees with me" - rationality doesn't have anything to
               | do with those, it just means "not insane".
               | 
               | And tyrants can be exceedingly rational; they just have
               | their own goals that they're working towards, not the
               | goals of some theoretical "perfect democracy".
        
               | hunterb123 wrote:
               | It's insane to farm people for organs and to run
               | concentration camps.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Yes, I think this is a great example of parent
               | commentators point.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | >> How would Biden know what a rational actor is? He can
               | barely string a sentence together.
               | 
               | This is a gross thing to say about someone who has a
               | speech impediment.
        
               | MockObject wrote:
        
               | MockObject wrote:
               | > Would a rational actor enslave an entire ethnic
               | minority in work camps, allow harvesting of organs, crush
               | their financial world hub (Hong Kong), and so on?
               | 
               | There is nothing irrational about the first two! Crushing
               | HK is a rational necessity if there is a danger of such
               | disobedience spreading to other regions.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > now the narrative has changed and he's an unstable
               | madman whose going to launch a nuke if he loses too badly
               | in his war.
               | 
               | Yes, this sort of narrative plays a lot better when
               | describing someone you're actively at war with. Along
               | with the fact that you are always winning the war.
               | Ukraine has been winning the war with Russia for about 9
               | months now, according to the media.
        
               | Paradigma11 wrote:
               | "Ukraine has been winning the war with Russia for about 9
               | months now, according to the media."
               | 
               | What media?
               | 
               | In the beginning most reporting was that it would be over
               | in a week. Then Russia had that little blunder with their
               | first offensive. Then again most reporting was that the
               | russian artillery steamroller would squash the
               | Ukrainians. Now most media favor the Ukrainians due to
               | their recent successes. Also goals and frames of
               | reference changed. In the beginning winning for Ukraine
               | was not letting Russia roflstomping them. Now it is
               | throwing all russian military out of their country.
        
               | chrischen wrote:
               | Consolidating power isn't inherently against the
               | interests of China. And as poster above explained, Putin
               | is acting rationally. In fact, war is probably one of the
               | most rational and pervasive actions throughout history.
               | Probably every country has gone to war and it's not
               | always because some madman went berserk.
               | 
               | It's always in our interest to simply reduce our enemy to
               | madmen or nazis, as it justifies our own counter
               | aggression.
        
               | Gunnerhead wrote:
               | For anyone interested, the podcast is "The Prince" by The
               | Economist.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | consumer451 wrote:
               | I would mostly agree, but is "saving face"[0] considered
               | rational behavior? How big a factor is that in this
               | thread's context?
               | 
               | Honest questions here.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Face_(sociological_concept)
               | #Ch...
        
               | MockObject wrote:
               | It's quite rational because of the crucial importance of
               | reputation internationally, and the image of competence
               | domestically.
        
               | Slartie wrote:
               | If by "internationally" you mean Western countries: Xi
               | Jinping doing dumb things to save his "face" is very
               | detrimental to his reputation there.
               | 
               | No one outside of China thinks his stubborn refusal to
               | abandon the failed Zero Covid policy is in any way a good
               | idea. Everyone sees it as a stupid and irrational face-
               | saving action.
        
               | glitchc wrote:
               | Xi is not rational. His isolationist policies and "return
               | to Mao-style communism" have killed China's economy. The
               | current zero-COVID policy is the icing on the cake: It
               | runs completely counter to scientific thought and is
               | impossible to achieve for 1.2 billion people. He's
               | painted himself into a corner and is unwilling to budge
               | (how can the Premier be wrong?), and is doing tremendous
               | damage to China in the process.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | > _Xi[ 's] ... isolationist policies ... have killed
               | China's economy._
               | 
               | The PRC's GDP was US$17.7 trillion nominal in 02021, the
               | latest year for which we have numbers, according to
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_China. That
               | makes it the world's second largest economy by nominal
               | dollar value (after the US) and the largest by PPP.
               | That's not just individual countries, either; it overtook
               | the economy of the EU in nominal GDP in 02021 under Xi's
               | leadership. The IMF's estimate for 02022 is US$20
               | trillion according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_
               | of_countries_by_GDP_(nomi....
               | 
               | This isn't just a matter of domestic numbers that can be
               | fudged, either. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cou
               | ntries_by_exports says it exported US$3 trillion worth of
               | goods in 02021, up from US$2.5 billion in 02020, making
               | it the world's #1 exporter, with almost twice the exports
               | of the US at #2, though by this measure the entire EU
               | does still exceed PRC. (The EU is excluded from the list
               | for not being a country.)
               | 
               | Nor is it just a question of adding together poverty-
               | level earnings of 1.2 billion people. The PRC's per-
               | capita GDP is US$20k PPP. Economically, the average
               | Chinese person is doing fine, although they're
               | experiencing a lot of unfortunate things outside the
               | economic sphere.
               | 
               | China's economy is experiencing major difficulties
               | (Evergrande, zero-COVID lockdowns) but it is far from
               | being "killed" or a "return to Mao-style communism", by
               | which I charitably assume you mean 01970s-style
               | stagnation and not, for example, the largest famine in
               | human history.
               | 
               | You should take a long hard look at where you're getting
               | your information from and how you decide what information
               | is trustworthy.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | The games played with currency and private debt that
               | fueled the massive export boom are not sustainable
               | indefinitely. There are already signs it may be tipping,
               | and the world raising interest rates to combat inflation
               | will worsen the situation. Combine that with their
               | exports to the US falling due to sanctions and a new
               | interest in US manufacturing. And as their population and
               | the population of their other trading partners all
               | shrink...
               | 
               | They are still growing, they are still getting stronger,
               | but for how long? Meanwhile 70% of Taiwanese residents
               | now identify as Taiwanese rather than Chinese?
               | 
               | If they wait for that percentage to climb, and for TSMC
               | to diversify fabs to other places? The cost to take
               | Taiwan is going up, and the prize for taking it is
               | falling with no reason to expect inflections in either.
               | If they don't take it now, there is really no point
               | taking it at all.
               | 
               | Rationally speaking, there probably already isn't any
               | point in taking it. It would tank exports and speed the
               | adoption of local manufacturing elsewhere. All to get a
               | temporary stranglehold on chip supply? What would they do
               | with those chips? They are already far too export
               | dominated. They need consumers to reduce their exports.
               | If they want to win the long game, let their 1% give half
               | their wealth to educating knowledge workers to buy their
               | manufacturing rather than exporting it.
        
               | hunglee2 wrote:
               | I think people overrate TSMC are the primary motivator
               | for the PRC, who have basically maintained the same
               | posture toward the 'renegade province' since 1949. This
               | is unfinished business from a civil war which never
               | officially ended.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | I agree, but I think TSMC has also assumed a geopolitical
               | importance it didn't have previously.
        
               | hunglee2 wrote:
               | for sure, but most opinion from the west inflates TSMC as
               | primary motivator, its a complicating factor yes, but the
               | PRC has been on about taking Taiwan for the past 70
               | years, before semi-conductors were even invented.
               | 
               | look at the top voted comment in this thread - the
               | narrative is some sort of escalation from Xi Jinping when
               | unification with Taiwan is boilerplate rhetoric which
               | every leader since Deng says at Party Congress.
               | 
               | PRC position has not changed - commitment to unification
               | by peaceful means, but war never off the table.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Agreed! I think there was maybe some real escalation
               | around the time of Pelosi's visit (where Morris Chang was
               | in attendance in her photo-op with Tsai), though, and
               | it's hard not to see the moves in HK as threatening.
        
               | hunglee2 wrote:
               | Chang is the leader Taiwan really needs, unfortunately he
               | is unable to moderate Tsai. TSMC will eventually be a
               | loser in the story that is currently being written
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Yeah, I can't imagine he was happy with TSMC having to
               | cancel all its sales to Huawei. But that wasn't really
               | Tsai's fault; _nobody_ is able to moderate the US, and
               | the sanctions weren 't a Taiwanese policy. I was thinking
               | reunification was really the only path to saving TSMC,
               | but if Chang agreed, he probably would've declined the
               | invitation to the photo op; and obviously he knows more
               | than I do about the issues.
               | 
               | Instead he says reunification would destroy TSMC because
               | of how dependent it is on overseas suppliers.
        
               | hunglee2 wrote:
               | hmmm....not sure I agree here.
               | 
               | Tsai is not entirely a creature of the US, and has
               | indirectly - perhaps initially, inadvertently -
               | manipulated the US by pushing for an unendorsed
               | independence, forcing the US to deal with a situation
               | they hadn't before considered - a 'two china' outcome.
               | 
               | However, now that US does sees this outcome, it cannot
               | unsee it and is thus driving hard to secure that outcome,
               | no doubt as a stepping stone for the long term goal of
               | regime change in PRC
               | 
               | As for Chang, I think status quo is his ideal outcome -
               | de facto independence, TSMC servicing two of the biggest
               | economies in the world, and therefore, the entire world.
               | Not happening now though, sadly
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Hmm, interesting. I'll have to think about that.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | I agree with many of these points. The future is
               | unpredictable, whoever is on top today will not be on top
               | forever, and the idea of being governed by the PRC is
               | very unpopular in Taiwan. And nothing you have said
               | supports our more ignorant interlocutor's point that Xi's
               | policies have "killed China's economy".
               | 
               | Still, other points I disagree with.
               | 
               | PRC's exports to the US are not falling; they fell in
               | 02019 due to sanctions and in 02020 due to covid, but
               | they're already back above their 02018 level, which was
               | the highest in history. See
               | https://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/balance/c5700.html.
               | They probably will not fall within the next decade or
               | two.
               | 
               | If US manufacturing becomes stronger, that will increase
               | PRC exports to the US, not decrease them. (If the US
               | doesn't have anything to trade for Chinese products, it
               | will not get them, which may cause them to be sold to
               | different customers or may cause their production to be
               | reduced.)
               | 
               | I think increased interest rates abroad would tend to
               | increase PRC's exports, not decrease them. As far as I
               | know, PRC isn't _borrowing_ money _from_ abroad to
               | finance expansion of production capacity; it 's _lending_
               | money abroad to finance consumption of its exports.
               | 
               | PRC's population is not shrinking, though it's barely
               | growing and may start shrinking soon. Most of their
               | trading partners have growing populations.
               | 
               | TSMC cannot be taken, even today; it can only be
               | destroyed. Today, doing that would be counterproductive
               | to PRC because so much of their domestic industry depends
               | on TSMC, but the US has forced TSMC to impose sanctions
               | on PRC's military. This is an existential threat to the
               | PRC. If the sanctions continue, or are removed but could
               | plausibly be reimposed, and TSMC remains strategically
               | important, at some point PRC leadership will act to
               | remove the military advantage this gives the US and its
               | satellites over them, even if that means paving Taiwan
               | with Trinitite. The alternative is to be unable to
               | respond to military attacks from the US.
               | 
               | Reducing exports only improves your economy if the
               | exports are stolen, for example in the Congo Free State
               | or the Irish Potato Famine. Weaker forms of this are
               | known as "Dutch disease" or "the resource curse". This is
               | very much not the case in PRC. Historically, export-led
               | industrialization has been by far the most important
               | cause of economic growth. By contrast, your prescription
               | of import-substitution industrialization has failed
               | everywhere it was tried, including, for decades, in PRC.
               | 
               | Increased exports leads to increased specialization and
               | increased capitalization, which increase productivity.
               | Unless, again, we're talking about enslaved laborers who
               | are not in a position to capture any value from their
               | increased productivity, this increased productivity leads
               | to increased earnings, which increases domestic
               | consumption. This has been known for centuries and is
               | agreed on by virtually all economists.
               | 
               | Your implications that Chinese people do not value
               | education, and that lack of education causes low
               | consumption in China, could hardly be more false. Chinese
               | culture has prized education highly for thousands of
               | years. It's one of the key distinguishing features of
               | Chinese culture. Expensive private tutoring companies
               | were a hot startup sector until the government crackdown.
        
               | 314 wrote:
               | Five digit years are annoying difficult to parse. Adding
               | leading zeros is redundant and wrong. Once you move away
               | from the treating the non-zero leading digits as
               | significant it raise awkward questions like: why five
               | digits instead of six?
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Very little of your comment is true. I attribute
               | increasing vitriol and false statements being thrown
               | around as a symptom of our increasingly escalating cold
               | war with China.
               | 
               | It is interesting to see how dramatically opinion has
               | cooled on China in the past few years, simply because
               | they have become a great power competitor.
        
             | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
             | Likewise, treating everyone you disagree with as completely
             | insane; devoid of any reasonable motivations is a lazy
             | hand-wavy viewpoint. It'll also make you prone to suck up
             | any and all propaganda that aligns with your biases.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > you prone to suck up any and all propaganda that aligns
               | with your biases.
               | 
               | A phenomena that is very clear in threads about China.
        
         | chaorace wrote:
         | This kind of bluster is a mainstay of Chinese geopolitics. The
         | law was intentionally written in an open-ended way so that the
         | party always gets the final say on what "completely exhausted"
         | should mean. It serves as a propaganda tool internally and a
         | point of leverage externally -- the party never needs to
         | actually act on the threat for it to serve a valuable purpose.
         | 
         | With that being said, it's not that simple. Bluster isn't just
         | a political tactic -- it also enables the military to slowly
         | chip away at norms and edge closer towards a strategic
         | advantage (e.g.: progressively violating more and more of
         | Taiwan's sovereign airspace). If the party could have things
         | their way, the military would merely continue pushing the
         | envelope until one day a D-Day assault force seemingly randomly
         | washes up on Taiwan's doorstep.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | Nitpick, but AFAIK China hasn't violated Taiwan's airspace.
           | Taiwan says they'd treat it as an act of war if they did.
           | 
           | Taiwan has an Air Defense Identification Zone where they
           | track aircraft and aircraft entering it are supposed to
           | identify themselves. This extends over the Chinese mainland
           | and it's this zone that everyone talks about China
           | "violating". But it's Chinese airspace and ultimately they
           | have the right to fly there without notifying Taiwan.
        
             | hunglee2 wrote:
             | not a nitpick at all, stating facts never is, regardless of
             | the downvotes
        
             | O__________O wrote:
             | Chinese missile went directly over the island near the
             | capital of Taiwan:
             | 
             | - https://japan-forward.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/JF-
             | Grap...
             | 
             | Source:
             | 
             | - https://japan-forward.com/editorial-chinas-missile-
             | tantrum-t...
        
           | cameldrv wrote:
           | > progressively violating more and more of Taiwan's sovereign
           | airspace
           | 
           | Just in terms of international law, the Chinese flights near
           | Taiwan are provocative but don't violate any laws. The U.S.
           | and Russia still do this sort of thing all the time. An ADIZ
           | is not sovereign airspace.
        
             | kurthr wrote:
             | Launching so many missiles over a space of 36 hours that
             | you entirely close airspace and waterways (and apparently
             | over the island) is a little different from flying an
             | airplane at the edge of controlled airspace.
             | 
             | https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220805-chinese-
             | missi...
             | 
             | That happened during the Pelosi trip in August, and the
             | jingoists were angry it didn't go further. The likelihood
             | of an effective air/sea embargo on Taiwan is more likely
             | than an initial invasion.
        
             | lossolo wrote:
             | International law is not a good example here because
             | actually if you look at international law then Taiwan is
             | part of China and formally it's considered as part of China
             | by US, EU etc. Taiwan is not a state from perspective of
             | international law so from this perspective it doesn't have
             | sovereign airspace.
        
               | frankharv wrote:
               | I thought China snubbed their noses at International
               | rulings regarding the South China Sea? Now they get
               | respect from same authorities? Can't have it both ways.
               | Join world system or reject it.
               | 
               | https://www.cfr.org/councilofcouncils/global-memos/hague-
               | tri...
        
               | dirtyid wrote:
               | >snubbed their noses
               | 
               | The PCA "rulings" aren't international law because UN
               | (which PRC accept as international system) has no formal
               | position on them / has not adopted any parts of the
               | decision. Ergo, PRC's SCS position is consistent with
               | international law - like the actual one at UN, not make
               | believe US "rules based order" which was behind PCA
               | lawfare campaign and the ongoing propaganda.
               | 
               | PRC is more firmly within bounds of the "world system",
               | versus US who tries to enforce FONAPs despite not
               | ratifying UNCLOS, and doesn't respect the kind of
               | international law that it accused PRC of violating, see
               | ITLOS ruling (an actual UN ruling) regarding UK/US
               | military base on Chagos/Mauritius/Diego Garcia.
        
           | VictorPath wrote:
           | > Taiwan's sovereign airspace
           | 
           | Well, only 13 countries recognize Taiwan as a sovereign
           | country - such as the 10,000 people of the 21 square
           | kilometer island Naura.
           | 
           | Also, Taiwan occupies Kinmen Island in the bay of Xiamen's
           | harbor on the PRC mainland. The island is in the Xiamen
           | harbor and is 10 km from the city of Xiamen. So any PRC
           | planes flying around Xiamen are "violating Taiwan's sovereign
           | airspace" (which almost no one recognizes as "sovereign" -
           | one of the main parties on Taiwan acknowledges Taiwan and the
           | mainland are all one country).
        
             | rmah wrote:
             | It's complicated. Even Taiwan doesn't recognize Taiwan
             | (Republic of China) as a sovereign nation, separate and
             | distinct from the Peoples Republic of China. There are
             | Taiwanese political groups that do want that but they
             | haven't gotten their way so far.
             | 
             | Either way, you probably meant that 13 nations have full
             | and formal diplomatic relationships with Taiwan. Which, btw
             | does not include the US, Japan or any EU nations.
        
               | soperj wrote:
               | It's not really that complicated. After WW2 the
               | Communists drove the Republic of China govt out of
               | mainland China. So mainland China is controlled by the
               | communists and Taiwan by the remnants of the Republic of
               | China government. Republic of China government still
               | claims to be the rightful government of all of China
               | (Taiwan included), same with the Communist government.
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | Exactly - they're not constrained by the same four-ish year
           | terms held in most democratic countries, and are able to play
           | out twenty- and even fifty-year scenarios without too much
           | domestic uncertainty.
           | 
           | That strategy manifests in that slow chipping away: they
           | don't need to do things all at once.
        
             | chrischen wrote:
             | It also manifests in potentially bad management that keeps
             | itself going such as the current administration's braindead
             | covid policies.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Braindead from an American perspective, it is also likely
               | those policies have averted upwards of 4 million deaths.
        
               | chrischen wrote:
               | Actually I live in Japan and Japan has implemented
               | exactly 0 lockdowns. While policies have reduced the
               | number of people walking about, there are still more
               | people shoulder to shoulder on a daily basis than
               | anywhere in the US.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | d_graeme wrote:
               | Exactly. Tbh its constantly surprising why Americans view
               | the CCPs zero-covid policy as a failure. Even the most
               | pessimistic reports (based on actual facts, not tabloid-
               | driven wishful thinking) acknowledges that China has
               | avoided at least 2 million+ deaths through their zero
               | covid policy. Is the right to life no longer a human
               | right? Or have a lot of us so internalized anti-China
               | propaganda that we're no longer able to think logically?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | chrischen wrote:
               | I could make the same baseless argument that many people
               | also died due to the over restrictive policies and
               | draconian imprisonment tactics.
               | 
               | Of course 0-covid is only possible if it is maintained
               | forever, because like it or not the rest of the world
               | still has covid.
        
               | d_graeme wrote:
               | So in your version of reality, 2 million+ Chinese have
               | died due to 'over restrictive policies and draconian
               | imprisonment tactics' post covid-19.
        
               | kipchak wrote:
               | I'm not sure it's the best approach, but I would figure
               | they would wait until circulating Covid strains were
               | acceptably less harmful and then reopen.
        
               | chrischen wrote:
               | That's already happening and it was the more mild omicron
               | strain causing the latest lockdowns and the resurgence.
               | 
               | Their lockdowns are politically motivated: saving face
               | because they prematurely declared victory, and a need to
               | avoid dependence on western vaccines due to the
               | ineffectiveness of their own vaccines--the latter really
               | just a roundabout way to save face.
               | 
               | If you understood Chinese culture, you'd know that saving
               | face is pretty important and makes you do crazy things.
        
               | dQw4w9WgXcQ wrote:
               | > Is the right to life no longer a human right?
               | 
               | Ah yes, China, comes to the top of the list when I think
               | of protectors of human life. One-child policies, welding
               | people into their apartment buildings, corralling them
               | into COSTCOs [1] like they're farm animals being loaded
               | into a semi-truck. Such benevolence.
               | 
               | > Or have a lot of us so internalized anti-China
               | propaganda that we're no longer able to think logically?
               | 
               | Nah, more likely you have been drinking the pro-China
               | propaganda like a 7-11 Big Gulp.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.reddit.com/r/Costco/comments/xgvlm6/video
               | _of_peo...
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | The fact remains that if US policies were implemented in
               | China, it would mean the tacit acceptance of killing 4-5
               | million people.
        
               | free652 wrote:
               | a) we don't know exactly what would happen if China
               | implemented US policies. So that's not a fact, thats a
               | hypothesis.
               | 
               | b) China lies all the time. That's a fact. May be 5
               | million died from covid there. who knows.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_misinformation_by_
               | Chi...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | d_graeme wrote:
               | It's actually 50 million dead, not 5 million. And some
               | experts even say, that possibly up to 200 million Chinese
               | have died from covid so far. All those repeated lockdowns
               | and city-wide mass tests are just being done for the
               | 'lolz'.
               | 
               | P.S. I wore my tin-foil hat while posting the above. It's
               | pretty similar to the one you're wearing.
        
               | CommunityPoster wrote:
               | It's not a fact, come on. Many countries that didn't
               | choose to lock down their population did better.
               | Actually, since vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor, it
               | may have increased deaths and decreased the overall
               | health of the population.
        
               | d_graeme wrote:
               | So between a country that implements extremely
               | restrictive (some would say 'heartlessly' restrictive)
               | policies in order to safeguard the lives of their
               | vulnerable elderly population, and another country (the
               | 'land of the free') which is so 'free' it allows 1
               | million+ of its citizens to die, and whose politicians
               | have shown on multiple occasions that they care more
               | about saving the country's economy than saving the lives
               | of their citizens? Which would you say is a 'protector of
               | Human life' as opposed to a 'protector of the economy'.
               | 
               | I would tell you to stop drinking the kool-aid, but it
               | would be a waste of effort. Rational arguments won't work
               | against emotion-driven beliefs and delusions (China -
               | Those Evil Communists. 'West' - Lands of the Free and
               | Birthplace of Freedom and All that is Good).
        
               | gadflyinyoureye wrote:
               | Could the same deaths have been prevented by deploying
               | better policies? Remember that millions of people we
               | forcibly locked in their homes. They faced food
               | shortages. They have their lives ruined because they
               | couldn't make a living. All of this because the CCP wants
               | zero Covid rather than a rational policy of limiting the
               | most at risk to the disease and allowing the population
               | to get natural immunity from getting sick.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | I do not think 4 million people+ died due to lockdowns in
               | China.
        
               | gadflyinyoureye wrote:
               | Directly? No. By suicide and future complications due to
               | having their life upended/destroyed yeah.
               | 
               | The CCP should have purchase novavax for the shot (they
               | still should given China's low jab rate) and allowed the
               | majority of people to live their lives. Covid for the
               | majority posses little risk.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | Kinda hard to take this seriously when you're using anti
               | vaxxer slang(jab). If you didn't mean it that way just
               | giving you a heads up that it immediately clocked as an
               | anti vaxx dog whistle.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | I disagree that that is anti-vaxxer slang, I think it is
               | just a Britishism. Indeed I believe their govt calls it a
               | jab.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | May be cultural differences then. In the US and Canada
               | the anti vaxxers will pejoratively refer to the vaccine
               | as "the jab" or taking it as "getting the jab"
        
               | Firmwarrior wrote:
               | All sorts of people have called getting a vaccine
               | "getting the jab" for decades. It isn't some secret code
               | for "I don't believe that vaccines are safe"
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | 4 million people died due to suicide due to lockdowns in
               | China?
        
               | gadflyinyoureye wrote:
               | There will be a lot of longer term mental damage. https:/
               | /www.scmp.com/news/china/science/article/3182775/huma...
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | They've also saved themselves some of the long-term cost
               | of long COVID, which is a fun mystery we've signed up for
               | in the US. Also weren't they working with a less
               | effective vaccine?
        
               | badcppdev wrote:
               | They haven't actually dealt with Covid yet. Their
               | immunisation rates are low and the vaccines they've used
               | are not the best. It's an ongoing process where they are
               | still flattening the curve. They aren't back to normal.
               | 
               | And this happened yesterday:
               | https://www.reuters.com/world/china/china-delays-release-
               | eco... . The market opinion is that the financial data is
               | very bad so they don't want to release it. And this is
               | quite coupled to their ongoing Covid policies.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > Their immunisation rates are low
               | 
               | I'm not sure that is true in general, but it is
               | unfortunately true for the elderly in China - precisely
               | the population they want to protect. They've sort of
               | screwed themselves by not vaxxing the elderly at high
               | rates.
        
               | CommunityPoster wrote:
               | Sweden did not enforce any lockdowns and managed to have
               | a lower death rate than France which enforced many
               | punitive measures on its population.
               | 
               | I therefore hardly think your reports are true, or right.
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/1111779/coronavirus-
               | deat...
        
               | d_graeme wrote:
               | Are you honestly comparing France's relatively
               | lackadaisical lockdowns to that of China (where entire
               | cities experienced total lockdowns, with households only
               | being allowed to send out 1 person to get food)?
               | 
               | And using Covid deaths per million global stats:
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/1104709/coronavirus-
               | deat...
               | 
               | The data on the linked page above shows that China has a
               | Per Capita covid death rate of 10.8 per million, while
               | that of France is 2,115.56 deaths per million. Even if
               | you were to take the side of the tin-foil hat
               | conspiracists and multiply China's covid death rate by a
               | factor of 10, France would still have a covid death rate
               | that's 100 times (100 TIMES!) that of the Chinese.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | More likely it's many people who are of the mindset that
               | lockdowns did nothing/weren't worth it, that's prevalent
               | in the US. If you think the activity is useless then it
               | would look pretty bad given all the downsides of
               | lockdowns
        
               | chrischen wrote:
               | Probably pretty useless against Omicron. It did its job
               | for Delta and predecessor variants.
        
               | neilc wrote:
               | > Is the right to life no longer a human right?
               | 
               | That's not what "the right to life" means. There are lots
               | of policy decisions which have tradeoffs that result in
               | more or less life lost. For example, the government could
               | require that all car engines have a maximum speed of 25
               | MPH. That would empirically reduce the # of lives lost in
               | automobile accidents, but society has judged the tradeoff
               | (in terms of convenience, transportation time/cost, etc.)
               | to not be worth it -- and that tradeoff does not
               | constitute "violating the right to life".
        
         | ouid wrote:
         | Nah, fuck it. We're allowed to commit to war too. Xi Jingping
         | is a tyrannical insane dictator and his successor will be
         | worse. He needs to be stood up to, and no one is in a better
         | position to do that than the US.
        
           | oDot wrote:
           | How about you send your own ass to war instead of others'
        
           | spaceman_2020 wrote:
        
             | dont__panic wrote:
             | How do you know "his people" like him, when anyone who
             | criticizes the Chinese government either disappears or
             | shuts up when the government threatens their family?
        
           | whimsicalism wrote:
           | Why Xi Jinping and not, say, MbS?
        
             | ouid wrote:
             | what the fuck are you on about? Just because situations are
             | analogous doesnt mean they're the same. Both China and
             | Taiwan are problems of global importance. Saudi Arabia is
             | not.
             | 
             | Lets use an analogy. Say you're playing a team chess match.
             | Each board has a different prize associated with winning
             | it. My question to you is how you should organize your team
             | as a function of those prizes.
             | 
             | I don't think Yemen should be the one to stand up to China
             | for precisely the reason that i dont think america should
             | be the one to stand up to the saudis. Our resources are
             | better invested elsewhere, and in particular, in
             | confronting the tyrannical leader of China.
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | > Both China and Taiwan are problems of global
               | importance. Saudi Arabia is not.
               | 
               | Do you know what OPEC is
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Engage with less vitriol :) it's in the spirit of the
               | guidelines.
               | 
               | What is the standard that we use for deciding what leader
               | is worthy of intervention against? Is it the level of
               | support among their own population? Is it how much they
               | seek to export their ideology and take over other
               | countries?
               | 
               | I understand the analogy you're making with Chess. But
               | perhaps you could also view it another way: MbS is a
               | terrible dictator (with even less legitimacy than the
               | still-illegitimate Chinese political process). The US
               | could easily crush him, compared to do anything to
               | seriously confront China's CCP domestically.
               | 
               | Given that our resources would have a direct impact on
               | people's lives in Saudi & Yemen, whereas we don't have
               | much ability to have any impact in China, why is it
               | better to invest our resources in fighting Xi Jinping?
        
             | axus wrote:
             | MBS isn't making claims on his neighbors territory for his
             | own.
        
               | laverya wrote:
               | I think he's literally in the process of invading and
               | subjugating a neighbor, actually. The Saudis might not
               | _call_ what 's going on in Yemen an invasion, but it sure
               | looks like it from here.
        
         | Maursault wrote:
         | > by any means to cause the fact of Taiwan's secession from
         | China, or that major incidents entailing Taiwan's secession
         | from China should occur,
         | 
         | The irony here is that it is in fact China that seceded from
         | Taiwan.
        
         | hackandthink wrote:
         | Does it make sense for PRC to blockade Taiwan and stop TMSC
         | delivering/producing chips?
         | 
         | I guess only if PRC is embargoed (US Sanctions TMSC). Maybe
         | next year.
         | 
         | https://www.reuters.com/technology/us-gives-reprieve-least-t...
        
           | authpor wrote:
           | no it doesn't.
           | 
           | that would be equivalent to shooting themselves in the ocean.
           | 
           | for now, they are still under the thumb of the american navy.
           | how else would they ship out all the consumer goods? and to
           | whom? USA is their biggest buyer.
        
             | hackandthink wrote:
             | OK: PRC blockades Taiwan leads to american navy blockading
             | PRC
             | 
             | Nobody wants that.
        
         | hardware2win wrote:
         | Seems like bluff
        
           | ambicapter wrote:
           | Sounds like normal foreign relations/diplomacy. It's all grey
           | areas where politicians politick and diplomats maneuver to
           | get what they want without anyone losing face.
        
             | ethbr0 wrote:
             | But when politicians and diplomats make a miscalculation,
             | soldiers die.
        
               | computerfriend wrote:
               | Not just soldiers.
        
         | mastax wrote:
         | Chinese law should almost never be considered something that
         | constrains the government, and especially not in grandiose
         | cases like this. The government will do as it pleases,
         | regardless of the law. That is more of a strong press release
         | than a binding proposition.
         | 
         | However, I am not arguing that China is not serious about
         | retaking Taiwan. They are deathly serious.
        
           | intrasight wrote:
           | "Chinese law" - an oxymoron ;)
           | 
           | They said they will retake Taiwan and they can and few will
           | really care. So of course they will.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | Whether they can or not is highly questionable. "Few will
             | really care" is certainly false.
             | 
             | And in terms of nation states caring, that's also incorrect
             | because Taiwan is a linchpin of US Pacific foreign policy
             | and for the US to _do nothing_ or  "not care" about Taiwan
             | being invaded would signal to allies in the region that
             | they cannot count on the United States and that they should
             | find their own defense arrangements. It would de facto kick
             | the US out of the Pacific and end global hegemony
             | overnight.
             | 
             | Frankly, Taiwan is a _big fucking deal_ w.r.t US, Japanese,
             | and Australian national defense concerns and is a big deal
             | to other nations such as New Zealand.
        
               | intrasight wrote:
               | I did mean few American voters
        
             | tlear wrote:
             | They can't, not even remotely close any time in the next 20
             | years at least. Can you imagine what a landing beach would
             | look like being pounded by drone spotted artillery? See war
             | in Ukraine. Forget the approach, anti ship missiles, mines,
             | sheer volume of logistics needed. Stepping on the landing
             | beach is a suicide without absolutely astronomical
             | advantage in air power and ability to suffer huge
             | attrition, even then.. 155mm hidden under camo/thermal
             | nets, DJI drone rigged with magazines of small bombs..
             | Kyiv, Kharkiv, Kherson Childs play, this would make Diep
             | and Galipoli look like walk in the park.
             | 
             | I would go as far as to say that US Army + Marines + Navy
             | could not land on Taiwan without suffering multiple
             | brigades of attrition AFTER at least a year long blockade
             | and air campaign. It is that hard.
             | 
             | PRC has to surpass US in GDP, then spend 10-20 years of US
             | level military spending, then maybe.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | China can just send cruise missiles to start and ignore
               | beaches.
               | 
               | A major power with 1.2 billion people can take an island
               | of 20 million 80 miles away from its shores.
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | If they want to make a desert and call it peace, perhaps.
               | Seems like a bad strategy to smash a crown jewel before
               | you annex it.
        
               | intrasight wrote:
               | They will take it without a fight
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | That simple sentence is doing a lot of heavy dodging to
               | ignore all of the points brought up in the post upthread
               | about the inherent difficulties involved in naval
               | landings.
               | 
               | Now, if you're going to say economic pressures will lead
               | to political settlements without conflict, then that's a
               | discussion to be had.
        
           | authpor wrote:
           | this is applicable to most countries...
           | 
           | wriggling around the law needs only an emergency.
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | They are not retaking Taiwan. They never had Taiwan. Taiwain
           | is the last bastion of the democratic government of china.
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | Chiang democratic? Sheesh.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiang_Kai-
             | shek#Mass_deaths_un...
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_
             | o...:
             | 
             |  _Following the ROC government 's retreat to Taiwan on 7
             | December 1949, the Temporary Provisions together with
             | martial law made the country an authoritarian one-party
             | state despite the constitution. Democratization began in
             | the 1980s. Martial law was lifted in 1987, and in 1991 the
             | Temporary Provisions were repealed._
             | 
             | ROC _has_ been democratic since the 01990s, but it was an
             | authoritarian dictatorship that killed millions of its own
             | people at the time the Communists drove it out of the
             | mainland (only to exceed its atrocities with their own) and
             | for decades afterwards.
        
               | digianarchist wrote:
               | The KMT have an awful track record as being horrifically
               | authoritarian.
               | 
               | OP isn't wrong though _contemporary_ Taiwan is a model
               | democracy in a region where there are few.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | I think pinning Taiwan as "last bastion" of some
               | democracy that existed before is incorrect as any honest
               | history of the KMT can see.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | Even _dishonest_ histories of the KMT are rarely so
               | dishonest as to claim the ROC was _democratically
               | governed_ before 01949, however much they try to
               | whitewash the mass killings. Disinformation has to be
               | plausible to be effective.
        
         | rzwitserloot wrote:
         | > can't be caught off guard by China as EU was caught off guard
         | by Russia.
         | 
         | There's always a bigger fish.
         | 
         | The last time nations were obsessed with autarky, we got WW1,
         | and soon after, WW2.
         | 
         | Most countries (i.e. every country not suffering from a drastic
         | case of the resource curse) have the nature that if they trade
         | a lot with another country, either country would lose economic
         | value if they invade the other, _even if_ that invasion goes
         | off stellarly well with almost no losses: The populace doesn't
         | like being subjugated and produces significantly less.
         | 
         | In an inbalanced trade/dependency relationship, such as Saudi
         | Arabia's oil vs. the rest of the world, or Russia's gas vs.
         | europe, it's actually _both_ sides that are dependent on the
         | other. It's the dutch curse all over again.
         | 
         | Go back in time:
         | 
         | * Europe wants more gas to grow its economy, and doesn't have
         | enough on its own soil. * Russia has more than plenty and is
         | willing to sell it. * We enter a period of years where europe
         | companies and countries more and more build industry that isn't
         | going to work out without the relatively cheap russian gas. As
         | these industries continue to succeed and russia continues to be
         | a reliable supplier, ever more industry takes the leap and
         | becomes dependent on it. * This sounds like handing off quite
         | the 'weapon' to your supplier, but, the problem is, that
         | supplier is now just as dependent on this relationship as the
         | consumer is: Russian economy falls apart without the trade of
         | europe-produced goods (a lot of it by industries that run on
         | russian gas), just as fast as europe falls apart without
         | russian gas.
         | 
         | Thus, if russia were to invade europe, russia's economic value
         | falls off a cliff, and the same applies to a lesser extent to
         | europe. The only reason europe could in theory invade russia
         | (assumes a perfect invasion, no nukes, no significant
         | resistance at all, just a dejected populace), is because
         | russia's primary value is not particularly dependent on human
         | capital.
         | 
         | My theory about why this theory didn't work out and russia
         | invades ukraine is a mix of:
         | 
         | * Misunderstanding by Russia of world/Europe response to this
         | invasion. * Too much power in one person, who, like most people
         | surrounded by yay-sayers for 20 years, has lost grip on
         | reality. * Most of all, a ticking clock: Europe has stated they
         | want to wean themselves off of fossil fuel within a decade or
         | so. And so they should, but it's a torpedo to the trade
         | dependency relationship between europe and russia.
         | 
         | That last one is the economic argument: Russia had to do
         | something or their economy would fall apart if europe delivers
         | on their plans to rapidly reduce their dependence on (russian-
         | supplied) gas.
         | 
         | Thus, autarky -> war. Because if you're doing economically
         | better than your neighbouring country, you produce more weapons
         | and more people, and just invade em, why not.
         | 
         | We can trade the risk of what happened to europe, or what is
         | likely to happen if china and the west become autarkic relative
         | to each other (namely, that china invades taiwan) - with nukes
         | and MAD. But that's got its own problems.
        
           | toyg wrote:
           | _> Russia had to do something or their economy would fall
           | apart_
           | 
           | Ukraine would solve nothing in the Russian economy.
           | 
           | Ukraine would simply secure two things: Crimea (which is
           | essential to Russia and was strategically exposed), and
           | complete control on all main gas infrastructure towards
           | Europe. It's not a coincidence that the invasion was launched
           | when it became clear that the new gasduct to the North was
           | dead in the water (because of American opposition to it):
           | Putin wanted to make gas furniture to Europe strategically
           | independent from other countries (i.e. completely dependent
           | on Russia), one way or the other. The original calculation
           | was probably "You don't give me Nordstream, so I'll take
           | everything else". Obviously it didn't go as planned.
        
             | rzwitserloot wrote:
             | If I created the impression that this invasion was a smart
             | thing, I didn't intend to do that. It's more: Russia is up
             | the creek without a paddle and wanted to do something, on
             | the bizarre but common logic of 'well, doing _something_ is
             | better than _nothing_". Or similarly atrociously reasoned
             | bullpuckey such as 'we have to have a bufferstate because
             | otherwise NATO will attack us. Us, being a state with
             | ICBMs".
        
           | phlipski wrote:
           | "That last one is the economic argument: Russia had to do
           | something or their economy would fall apart if europe
           | delivers on their plans to rapidly reduce their dependence on
           | (russian-supplied) gas."
           | 
           | Putin didn't have to invade! If he was truly worried about
           | Russia's economy he could have (and should have) gone about
           | instituting reforms/policies to encourage economic
           | diversification and growth. I fail to see how even a
           | successful invasion of Ukraine results in economic upside for
           | Russia. They were doomed to fight an insurgency for years
           | which costs money, or they're going to spend resources
           | rebuilding a country they just fought a war in.
        
             | rzwitserloot wrote:
             | > Putin didn't have to invade! If he was truly worried
             | about Russia's economy he could have (and should have) gone
             | about instituting reforms/policies to encourage economic
             | diversification and growth.
             | 
             | Yes, absolutely. Russia, 60m people (or how much is it?
             | More even) notwithstanding, is essentially a petrostate. It
             | was too hard to try to get the population-driven productive
             | elements to compete against the easy resource money.
             | 
             | I mean, Norway is right fucking there. This war is on them,
             | entirely, for failing to prepare for the inevitable day
             | when the natural resources are no longer enough to bankroll
             | the entire state.
             | 
             | But, doing it _now_ is not possible without major political
             | upset, so the major political players, not wanting to be
             | 'upset' out of a window (hey, you live by the sword, you
             | die by the sword, I'm sure the political elite is aware of
             | the usual way to deal with higher ups that need to be
             | lesser higher up: By taking that literally) - start a war.
        
               | phlipski wrote:
               | I don't get the feeling that the majority of the Russian
               | Elite wanted this war. They only started getting suicided
               | after the war started and they criticized Putin. Sure the
               | ex-military, arm-chair warriors and nationalist
               | delusionists wanted this war, but that's a small
               | minority. America has it's share of crazy vocal "bomb,
               | bomb, bomb" folks too - see John Bolton, John McCain,
               | Lindsay Graham, Pompeo etc....
               | 
               | Outside of Putin's delusions of grandeur for an empire
               | that never existed I still fail to see ANY upside for
               | Russia for this war.
        
           | baybal2 wrote:
        
           | matthewaveryusa wrote:
           | >Europe has stated they want to wean themselves off of fossil
           | fuel within a decade or so.
           | 
           | And to think that in the 80s Regan tried (but opposed by
           | business) to impose sanctions on europe because of the USSR
           | gas pipelines. What a circus. Europe got hooked on USSR gas
           | in less than 20 years, and has been planning to wean off for
           | 10.
           | 
           | Europe after WW2 relied on the US to defend against Russian
           | aggression, and not even 30 years later, in a master class of
           | cleverness played both sides by buying, and then becoming
           | dependent, on Russian gas, only for the Russians to become
           | aggressive again.
           | 
           | Where the cleverness falls apart is that cheap Russian gas
           | was on bought time, and now all the europeans have to show
           | for it is massive debt, expensive social programs, a lack-
           | luster military and closed nuclear plants. Good job...
        
           | badpun wrote:
           | > The last time nations were obsessed with autarky, we got
           | WW1
           | 
           | Were they? I thought WWI happened in the midst of first huge
           | wave of globalization - to the point that no one thought war
           | was possible, as it would mean collapse of international
           | trade, and huge losses that come with it.
        
             | cjf4 wrote:
             | Many thought it was not only possible but inevitable: The
             | Schlieffen plan, French revanchism, general military
             | buildup across Europe, and of course Biskmark's 1888
             | comment:
             | 
             | "One day the great European War will come out of some
             | damned foolish thing in the Balkans."
        
               | buscoquadnary wrote:
               | You're both wrong. Many people subscribed to each belief.
               | 
               | The economists, globalists and industry people believed
               | that it could never happen. The military, nationalist and
               | political folks figured it would be inevitable, or at
               | very least if it happened they had to win.
               | 
               | Many people subscribed to the argument of the economists
               | and globalists in more democratic countries because it
               | was a comforting illusion the people in the more
               | militaristic autocracies, believed it was inevitable, and
               | incidentally were the nations that hold the most
               | culpability for WW1, Germany, Russia, Austro-Hungarian
               | empire.
               | 
               | Wait a minute why is all of my description starting to
               | sound terribly and horribly familiar to what is going on
               | now?
               | 
               | Seriously those that will continue to posist that war
               | will not come are foolish and don't realizing that the
               | first steps are already in progress with the information
               | war being waged right now through cyberspace.
               | 
               | Note I don't want a war to happen and think it will be
               | horrible and terrible, but all the elements are in place
               | for it to happen. A shifting balance of power into a
               | multipolar world, multiple nations either facing decline
               | or ascendancy, realpolitik becoming the norm in
               | international relations, it all looks very grim unless
               | some very wise, peace loving and capable leaders emerge
               | on the world stage soon.
        
               | rswail wrote:
               | Or, like the UK, the days of Russian empire are over and
               | the new bi-polar world will be the NATO/India/AUNZ/Asia
               | vs China/Africa.
               | 
               | So another Cold War for the 21st Century if we continue
               | to rely on a mercantilist attitude in a world where
               | networking is more important than some trade links.
        
               | buscoquadnary wrote:
               | No the cold war required a bipolar world for it's
               | stability with MAD being the keystone that held the arch
               | together. That was the only way for it to be stable and
               | why we didn't have a massive war, with all actions being
               | confined to small proxy wars.
               | 
               | We are in a multi-polar world now, Trump pointed out and
               | many people are starting to agree, about whether or not
               | the US really should be so closely aligned with Europe,
               | NATO will probably stick around but it might not be
               | enough. Meanwhile India has happily agreed to buy all the
               | Russian oil that Europe isn't, which is done to spit in
               | the face of the sanctions imposed on Russia. The mutli-
               | polar world right now is US, India, China, EU, and Russia
               | which is still a regional power, each of which have
               | different interests.
               | 
               | The problem is China and the EU are facing huge
               | demographic shortfalls in the next 30 years that will
               | pose existential threats to their society, Russia is in
               | the same boat. The EU is having this problem addressed to
               | a certain extent through immigration but the
               | nationalistic racist attitudes of the Chinese people make
               | this a less palatable option for them. It is likely that
               | the demographic cliff is going to continue to stress
               | Chinese society to the breaking point until it snaps and
               | begins an international incident that could quickly
               | escalate to a global war. The best thing the US could do
               | to preserve it's interests is do whatever we need to to
               | schmooze up to India and cement an alliance with them, as
               | they represent the best regional challenger to China and
               | if they end up on the side of the CCP will cause huge
               | problems as at that point a Bejing-Delhi alliance will be
               | able to exert control over 1/3 > of the world's
               | population. (This assumes they will be able to control
               | all of Southeast Asia through soft and hard power)
        
               | authpor wrote:
               | it seems that only our instutions, or big chunks of the
               | whole global trade system, want this war; but this this
               | point, a lot of those systems are automated by rules and
               | regulations and a overly complicated network that become
               | inentelligible to the people 'running' it.
               | 
               | nobody that is alive and sentient (in the traditional
               | sense) wants a war... and yet, we all see it looming.
        
               | buscoquadnary wrote:
               | Sounds a lot like how the assassination of the heir
               | appearant of the Austro-Hungarian Empire led to the UK
               | declaring war on Germany for marching through Belgium.
               | 
               | No one wanted the war, many knew it would be horrible,
               | and yet it led to the most nightmarish collective human
               | experience in human history.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | It's less that Europe is using more Russian gas than they had
           | insufficient infrastructure to get alternatives to Russian
           | natural gas.
           | 
           | Ukraine was invaded because they have a great deal of oil and
           | natural gas and could therefore significantly impact the
           | Russian economy especially if the world starts to reduce
           | Fossil fuel use.
        
         | oneoff786 wrote:
         | It's also in the US' strategic interests to simply make it
         | clear that China can't have Taiwan regardless of the TSMC
         | however
        
           | tarsinge wrote:
           | Of course it is in the US strategic interests, the problem is
           | having strategic interests doesn't automatically give the US
           | rights to intervene. Contrary to Ukraine (plain violation of
           | the territorial integrity of a sovereign nation) the
           | situation in Taiwan is complicated (for those who doubt it
           | please at least make the effort to read the Wikipedia entry).
           | Now given recent history I don't doubt the US will not let it
           | slip when their strategic interests are at risk, but at least
           | be lucid. Edit: To clear doubts I should add I would
           | obviously prefer Taiwan stay an independent free democratic
           | country. I'm only tempering the argument I sometimes see
           | (maybe wrongly here) "it's in our best interests" = "it's the
           | right thing".
        
             | randomopining wrote:
             | Taiwan as a piece of land has much more strategic
             | importance than Ukraine. Ukraine's grain and terrain are
             | the two things that are important about it from a
             | utilitarian sense.
        
               | jychang wrote:
               | Ukraine as a piece of land was Russia's only warmwater
               | port.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Russia has plenty of allies it can use as a warm water
               | port and Crimea was already lost.
        
               | caskstrength wrote:
               | > Ukraine as a piece of land was Russia's only warmwater
               | port.
               | 
               | Why is this obviously incorrect statement that can be
               | easily disproved by just checking the map is being
               | repeated again and again on HN? It is only second in
               | popularity to "Russia invaded Ukraine to prevent NATO on
               | its borders" which can also be trivially disproved by
               | finding Estonia or Latvia on the map...
        
               | Paradigma11 wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novorossiysk
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murmansk
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladivostok
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Petersburg
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaliningrad ......
        
           | rr888 wrote:
        
             | StopHammoTime wrote:
             | "Give".
             | 
             | Taiwan have been preparing for this war since its
             | inception. Taiwan will be going to war without Western
             | support and I think most Taiwanese would prefer Taiwan
             | burnt to the ground before surrendering without a fight.
             | 
             | If someone invaded my country there would be two outcomes:
             | we win or I'm dead.
        
             | conradfr wrote:
             | Except the Taiwanese people.
        
             | Huh1337 wrote:
             | These people would rather be dead than under Russian rule.
             | Why would 97% of them support continuing defense if not?
             | 
             | And don't forget that when Russians still thought they're
             | going to win, they brought in mobile crematoriums and
             | started filtrating people and sending them off to Siberia
             | if not torturing and murdering them. It was never a
             | question of "no war and survive" VS "die in war" - but "no
             | war, die anyways" VS "war, possibly survive"
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > These people would rather be dead than under Russian
               | rule. Why would 97% of them support continuing defense if
               | not?
               | 
               | Certainly this is not true of Crimea, where people have
               | been independently polled by Western NGOs and the weight
               | of the evidence is they want to be part of Russia.
               | 
               | > It was never a question of "no war and survive" VS "die
               | in war" - but "no war, die anyways" VS "war, possibly
               | survive"
               | 
               | Your thesis is that if Russia won they would murder a
               | substantial %-ge of the population in mobile
               | crematoriums?
        
               | Huh1337 wrote:
               | > Certainly this is not true of Crimea, where people have
               | been independently polled by Western NGOs and the weight
               | of the evidence is they want to be part of Russia.
               | 
               | You mean "a very slightly bigger half of them", right?
               | And that was before all this shit went down and Russians
               | started to mobilize them. I wonder how they feel now,
               | don't you?
               | 
               | > Your thesis is that if Russia won they would murder a
               | substantial %-ge of the population in mobile
               | crematoriums?
               | 
               | Nah, my thesis is that Russia started with it
               | immediately.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | > You mean "a very slightly bigger half of them", right?
               | 
               | Closer to 83% but I agree it has probably trended
               | substantially downward in recent months.
               | 
               | > Nah, my thesis is that Russia started with it
               | immediately.
               | 
               | Why didn't they do this mass murder in Crimea or Donetsk
               | once they got effective control?
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | I mean, murdering and cremating isn't the only bit of
               | genocide. They've also bern taking Ukrainian children and
               | adopting them out to Russian families, and filtrating out
               | Ukrainian adults across Russia.
               | 
               | At the beginning and through most of the invasion they
               | Russian stance was that Ukrainians are a fake people and
               | don't actually exist. If I was getting invaded by a group
               | saying my people weren't real I probably wouldn't give
               | them the benefit of the doubt that they'd treat me well
               | or let me live if I laid down Armstrong
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Clearly denying Ukrainian identity & culture is part of
               | the Russian project here and is linked to forced
               | relocation/adoption.
               | 
               | My question was merely on the claim that Russia desired
               | to murder & cremate some >1% of the Ukrainian population.
        
               | lovich wrote:
               | It looks like the thread got stuck on a technicality
               | around the cremations. I think I still agree with the
               | initial, wider hypothesis the poster had with
               | 
               | > It was never a question of "no war and survive" VS "die
               | in war" - but "no war, die anyways" VS "war, possibly
               | survive"
               | 
               | Especially if, like most groups of humans as were tribal,
               | the dissolution of your tribe is almost equivalent to not
               | surviving
        
               | Huh1337 wrote:
               | Seems like we just don't know much about what they did
               | there, yet. Let's see how many mass graves are there once
               | Ukraine gets the land back. Are you going to put your
               | money on it being 0? Or maybe they simply planned the
               | genocide for later, you never know with these crazy
               | dictators.
        
               | dr-detroit wrote:
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | > After seeing Ukraine turning into a WW1 quagmire
             | 
             | Ukraine is nowhere _near_ a WW1 quagmire. The lines are far
             | from static, and we 've seen one dramatic rout a month ago
             | resulting from a competently-executed war of maneuver
             | operation that was completely impossible in the WW1
             | situation.
             | 
             | It looks less like WW1 (a war that ultimately came down to
             | bleeding men until one side ran out, at which point the war
             | effort came flying off the rails extremely rapidly) and
             | more like WW2 (a war of maneuver where applying sufficient
             | overwhelming force in a narrow front could and did produce
             | overwhelming breakthough--even if it took a very large
             | stack of operational successes to ultimately prove
             | victorious in the war).
        
             | for1nner wrote:
        
             | kibwen wrote:
             | Found Elon's HN account.
        
         | gdy wrote:
         | "EU was caught off guard by Russia"
         | 
         | You've got to be kidding me. Putin had been warning West since
         | the Munich speech in 2007. [0]
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Munich_speech_of_Vladim...
        
           | alexb_ wrote:
           | Well if you've been warning someone for 14 years and
           | literally nothing has happened, why is it unreasonable to be
           | surprised?
        
             | greedo wrote:
             | Russia invaded Georgia in 2008, then Ukraine in 2014.
             | Pretty sure that's "literally" something happening.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | Yes, the warning signs were there, but the EU was merrily
           | speeding past them, finding reasons to argue against all of
           | the warning signs. NS2 is one of the most emblematic signs of
           | this: it was clearly going to tie Germany's energy needs
           | closer to an already-proven-unreliable partner (Russia),
           | increase the ability of Russia to use gas transit as
           | politics, countries like Poland and the US were screaming at
           | the top of their lungs "THIS IS A BAD IDEA" and until
           | February 2022, Germany was responding "it'll be fine, nothing
           | bad will come of this."
           | 
           | So I think it's fair to say that the EU was caught off guard
           | by Russia, even if because of the EU's willful ignorance of
           | affairs rather than Russian duplicity.
        
             | gdy wrote:
             | "already-proven-unreliable"
             | 
             | How so?
        
               | jcranmer wrote:
               | Russia has switched off the gas before, such as when
               | Russia first invaded Ukraine in 2014.
               | 
               | Hell, there's a Wikipedia page listing all of the Russia-
               | Ukraine gas disputes (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russi
               | a%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_dis...). One of the stated
               | motivations for Nord Stream 2 was to improve reliability
               | of gas to Europe in case Russia decided to cut off the
               | gas because of a spat with one of the transit countries.
        
           | computerfriend wrote:
           | And yet, they were caught off guard.
        
             | gdy wrote:
             | No, they weren't.
        
               | computerfriend wrote:
               | It really seems that much of the EU thought Putin was
               | bluffing right up until the end of February. EU leaders
               | proudly saying they had personal assurances Russia
               | wouldn't invade again. There was incredible amounts of
               | inaction. Only a handful of countries were shipping
               | weapons, mostly non-EU.
        
               | gdy wrote:
               | Sorry, you may claim that the EU was indulging in wishful
               | thinking, but you can't call it 'caught off-guard'.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | programmer_dude wrote:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20221018123239/https://www.econo...
        
       | valdiorn wrote:
       | So, can someone explain to me why I can't get ANY chips for
       | anything at all? Everything is out of stock that I use in my
       | designs (Audio processing equipment). microprocessors,
       | microcontrollers, ADCs, DACs, audio codecs, memory. Even bread
       | and butter diodes were hard to source a few months ago. You name
       | it, Mouser/Farnell/Digikey/the manufacturer doesn't have it. And
       | if they do, it's priced at 500% MSRP.
       | 
       | It may be "swinging the other way" but we're at the very depth of
       | the curve right now, and lead times are frequently 12-18 months.
       | I can't see any evidence that it's swinging back, personally,
       | maybe someone else does (like the writer of this article).
        
         | nathas wrote:
         | Check out the post by Schiit Audio's CEO (I think CEO?):
         | https://www.head-fi.org/threads/schiit-happened-the-story-of...
         | 
         | It looks like the audio sector was hit particularly hard by the
         | war in Ukraine.
        
           | MikePlacid wrote:
           | I was absolutely confused regarding what kind of "tubes" this
           | guy talks about. But when I saw 6N1P and recognized it
           | immediately. Not the exact name, but the numbering scheme -
           | each owner of a Russian TV would learn a numbering scheme for
           | "tubes" sooner or later.
           | 
           | It's interesting that Russia became (or remained as) an
           | almost single supplier of this "outdated" technology.
           | 
           | But still, these "tubes" are rather a niche product in the
           | audio equipment market, no? We probably can't get a good
           | enough insight looking just at them.
        
             | MikePlacid wrote:
             | > I was absolutely confused regarding what kind of "tubes"
             | this guy talks about.
             | 
             | In Russian these are called "lamps", not "tubes".
        
             | Wohlf wrote:
             | Not as niche as you think, it's a decent sized market
             | segment with guitar amps.
        
         | martincmartin wrote:
         | I mean it's literally in TFA:
         | 
         | "In late September Micron, an Idaho-based maker of memory
         | chips, reported a 20% year-on-year fall in quarterly sales. A
         | week later amd, a Californian chip designer, slashed its sales
         | estimate for the third quarter by 16%. Within days Bloomberg
         | reported that Intel plans to lay off thousands of staff,
         | following a string of poor results"
         | 
         | But most of the article is about how they're building new fabs
         | in America, right when sales to China are being restricted. So
         | its about a future surge in supply and reduction in demand.
        
           | svnt wrote:
           | Parent is talking about distributor stock and you are talking
           | about sales.
           | 
           | If your comment was accurate it would seem like we should
           | have had distributor stock coming online after the pandemic
           | shortages as companies push to get their orders in the queue
           | before capacity goes offline due to conflict.
           | 
           | I'm curious with parent -- my guess is just that the humans
           | behind the companies got used to the profits and not sitting
           | on inventory, which was always risky.
        
         | yaantc wrote:
         | Very different areas of semi. The Economist article is focused
         | on the high end, most advanced nodes and their fabless users
         | like AMD, NVidia.
         | 
         | What you list is either analog of older nodes (~90 to 40nm).
         | It's a very different world, with often different players. TSMC
         | plays in the digital old nodes, but as I understand is not very
         | motivated in investing in much new capacity, and try to push
         | customers toward 22nm ULP (may work for some, but not all).
         | Others are investing, but it takes time.
         | 
         | So you start to see a glut at the high end, but still
         | constraints in the analog / old nodes.
        
         | magicalhippo wrote:
         | When it comes to audio, it didn't help that AKM had a factory
         | go up in flames[1], completely destroying most of it. It seems
         | they've managed to shift production of some popular ADCs and
         | DACs to other manufacturers[2] recently.
         | 
         | As for other chips, part of it is the toilet paper effect. From
         | what I've heard, companies are buying 5x or 10x what they
         | normally buy, just to be sure they got parts for production.
         | Since the situation is still bad, I'm guessing people are still
         | doing it.
         | 
         | Especially ICs are made in batches, so once it runs dry the
         | manufacturer can't just print out another 10k units, they got
         | other stuff lined up. I see for STM32s a lot of stock is
         | expected at the end of this year or first half of next year,
         | which lines up with what their CEO said that things will start
         | stabilizing at the start of next year.
         | 
         | I'm just a hobbyist who knows a few EEs though, so might be
         | wrong. But this is my impression.
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.audioholics.com/news/fire-destroys-akm-audio-
         | chi...
         | 
         | [2]: https://www.strata-gee.com/akm-responds-to-strata-gee-
         | reques...
        
       | bullen wrote:
       | Everything can be predicted if you understand energy.
       | 
       | Companies can't survive in a peak world without manufacturing
       | crap. Sell more because your tools break.
       | 
       | So now they are looking at how to do that under the premise of
       | eternal growth:
       | 
       | They will try to lock us down in the hardware = deprecate older
       | hardware and force you to move to never software with TLS 1.3.
       | 
       | That has never succeded because you can always hack everything =
       | They will try to rent out the accounts.
       | 
       | They allready started that process, but I'm not buying it. I have
       | all the software I need under permanent license.
       | 
       | Since processors now have peaked, everyone is buying all the
       | computers they can, the really smart ones are buying low energy
       | devices like Raspberry but 1151 Xeon is also sold out.
       | 
       | Anything manufactured today will probably have hardware kill-
       | switches or programmed obsolescence. For companies: "To not lock
       | your customer down for eternity is suicide"...
       | 
       | Edit: Loving the downvotes without comment...
        
         | svnt wrote:
         | Your argument doesn't hold together.
         | 
         | Many traditional hardware companies are transitioning/have
         | transitioned to some form of hybrid model or subscription
         | service explicitly.
         | 
         | We are actually looking at degrowth, not eternal growth.
         | 
         | Processors may be near peaking but the Raspberry Pi is not a
         | competitor with those processors.
         | 
         | The reason stock is down is because of supply chain issues
         | still overhanging from the pandemic.
        
           | bullen wrote:
           | That is what I mean with eternal growth... how can you
           | missunderstand that?
           | 
           | Raspberry 4 has 2Gflops/W where M1 has 2.5!!!
           | 
           | Pandemic is not the problem. Energy and money is the problem.
           | 
           | Edit: Premise = Promise yes.
        
             | svnt wrote:
             | I guess that is just more evidence that your message is
             | unclear. Did you mean promise instead of premise?
             | 
             | Energy/money is also the solution, so if you see it as the
             | problem then you are probably missing the specific details.
        
             | svnt wrote:
             | I don't think I can edit my previous comment in response to
             | your edit around Gflops/W, but I still don't know anyone
             | trading off rPi for M1. Do you?
        
         | BirAdam wrote:
         | > Everything can be predicted if you understand energy
         | 
         | Energy, while vital, is not the only component in any part of
         | an economy.
         | 
         | > Companies can't survive in a peak world without manufacturing
         | crap. Sell more because your tools break.
         | 
         | This cuts both ways. If tools break too often or too easily,
         | someone else will manufacture a tool that lasts. That tool will
         | then sell millions or even billions of units. This can sustain
         | a company for quite a long time.
         | 
         | > So now they are looking at how to do that under the premise
         | of eternal growth
         | 
         | No one believes in or expects "eternal" growth. It is well
         | known that any bubble fueled by cheap money, government
         | bailouts, corporate welfare, or any other intervention will
         | eventually burst. This is planned for by the very largest
         | companies. Companies without the resources to plan for these
         | market crashes simply do the best that they can.
         | 
         | > They will try to lock us down in the hardware = deprecate
         | older hardware and force you to move to never software with TLS
         | 1.3
         | 
         | I feel your pain here as an enthusiast for older hardware, but
         | this is simply untrue. No one ever forced me to give up my
         | ZX81, my XT, or my PPC lampshade iMac. I have them, I've kept
         | them running, and they're fine. The XT and PPC can get online
         | just fine either with a TLS bridge or with sites like 68k.news
         | and frogfind.com. The constant upgrade cycle is optional.
         | People are keep phones longer than ever. The cool-down in the
         | PC market indicates that those enthusiasts who wanted to
         | upgrade have done so. The heat up now is likely to be
         | datacenters where the next wave of AMD Epyc offers a very
         | massive energy to performance trade-off against Skylake SP. All
         | of that said, eWaste is an issue and companies who make
         | hardware that cannot be serviced and/or upgraded easily should
         | probably pay a tax on it.
         | 
         | > Since processors now have peaked
         | 
         | There's plenty of room at the bottom. Seriously. I do not
         | normally make appeals to authority because doing so is stupid,
         | but we are talking about the most complicated machines humans
         | have ever created. In this case, I would urge you to listen to
         | the guy who has made these machines with extreme success: Jim
         | Keller. He thinks we still have a long roadway of improvements
         | before we are forced to change the industry in major ways
         | (Gallium Arsenide or quantum or something).
         | 
         | > Anything manufactured today will probably have hardware kill-
         | switches or programmed obsolescence
         | 
         | Already kind of illegal in some jurisdictions, and already a
         | thing in others. Mixed bag there. However, also completely
         | untrue as you used "anything". For example, in the automobile
         | space you can sill get a Jeep with solid axels, a simple
         | naturally aspirated V6, body on frame, and able to be serviced
         | in pretty much any garage anywhere. The will to deal with
         | tradeoffs of such a vehicle is the largest obstacle. Likewise,
         | with computing, the willingness to deal with the tradeoffs is
         | the problem. Do you want the best performance with most
         | convenience? Then you likely want an M1/M2 MBP, and there you
         | are not very serviceable. You could always get a Framework or
         | build yourself a desktop. You can even run Linux, BSD, or Haiku
         | if you want to make sure that your software will be serviceable
         | by you.
         | 
         | In any case, the limit is on you. You can choose the locked-
         | down products, or you can choose open platforms. Most people
         | choose a mixture based upon their needs and preferences. The
         | preponderance of that selfsame majority then determines the
         | overall direction of global markets. This isn't some shadowy
         | cabal purposefully making a system that is unsustainable, this
         | is the consequence of an aggregate of choices that put momentum
         | behind certain things.
        
           | bullen wrote:
           | You mean like lightbulb companies for the last 100 years?
           | 
           | How can two people missunderstand eternal growth... I said
           | premise... that is what they promise... obviously it dosen't
           | exist!!! Do I need to add /s or something?!
           | 
           | Jim Keller has been wrong so far... he can't solve the memory
           | bottleneck.
           | 
           | You can choose a non-locked down product now maybe, in 12
           | months not a chance in hell!
        
         | nebula8804 wrote:
         | Using MacOS buys you some more time. Linux is a dumpster fire
         | (no its not the year of Linux nor will I try Linux Mint for the
         | 1000th time). While its not open source, MacOS still acts like
         | an OS from the Win 7 days...for now anyway. They will probably
         | end up going down the road of Win 11 but I think its going to
         | take many more years till they get there.
         | 
         | They also offer excellent support. Their hardware gets like 10
         | years of OS updates. An M2 Mac today will last well past the
         | next two US presidential cycles.
        
         | striking wrote:
         | Fine, I'll bite. I downvoted you because TLS 1.3 isn't a
         | conspiracy to make your old stuff break, and such an allegation
         | is undeserving of a reply. You should be able to run an HTTP/S
         | proxy supporting TLS 1.3 on any machine, issuing your own cert
         | to machines that insist on unsupported HTTPS connection types,
         | and route most of your traffic through it without issue.
         | 
         | Raspberry Pis are out of stock because 1) companies that used
         | them in production and got those production builds certified in
         | some way get preference and 2) scalpers are taking the rest of
         | the stock and doubling their money with it as it drops.
         | 
         | Older Xeons (and similar hardware) aren't worth running unless
         | you have access to really cheap electricity; upgrading your
         | system is cheaper than paying for the electricity you'd be
         | wasting otherwise, even if you're staying a gen or two behind
         | by buying datacenter surplus from eBay et al.
         | 
         | I understand your consternation, as some devices (e.g. cell
         | phones) and some applications (e.g. SaaS apps) definitely
         | appear to exhibit rent-seeking behavior. But that's no reason
         | to declare literally everything a conspiracy, which just makes
         | you appear to have some wires crossed.
        
           | bullen wrote:
           | TLS 1.3 is not more secure then TLS 1.2
           | 
           | Now Mojang and Rockstar (on azure) have disabled TLS 1.2 on
           | their servers on purpose to lockout Windows 7.
           | 
           | Windows 10 offers NOTHING of value compared to Windows 7.
        
             | striking wrote:
             | You should give
             | https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ssl/why-use-tls-1.3/ a
             | read. Put briefly, TLS 1.2 supports cyphersuites that make
             | it less secure and requires more roundtripping. It's not a
             | surprise to me that some folks don't support it.
             | 
             | Furthermore, the makers of Minecraft and Grand Theft Auto
             | don't owe you the ability to use outdated OSes if you're
             | using a service they maintain. They probably didn't intend
             | to break your workflow, and instead wanted to make their
             | own stuff more secure.
             | 
             | If you're not a W10 fan, you could always run Minecraft on
             | Linux. I think GTA V works on there as well. Either way,
             | there's an out.
        
               | bullen wrote:
               | I need to have Win for game dev. Nothing is an out in any
               | way.
               | 
               | HTTPS is not secure in any way.
        
       | mrjin wrote:
       | Not sure how well/bad is AMD doing right now. Have been using
       | Intel machines for over two decades now but not long ago I
       | finally switched to AMD with my new PC and I regret haven't done
       | so earlier. In the meantime, I'm also about to ditch Windows. I
       | guess I'm not alone. Time to say goodbye to Wintel league.
        
         | Comevius wrote:
         | That's more or less irrelevant, AMD is one of the many fabless
         | companies like Qualcomm or MediaTek. Intel makes it's own
         | chips, and now wants to make chips for other companies as well.
         | They may end up making AMD processors one day.
        
           | akuma73 wrote:
           | Isn't that a huge conflict of interest?
           | 
           | It's hard to see how AMD would get capacity ahead of Intel
           | CPUs.
        
             | simpsond wrote:
             | Agree. They will prioritize their chips on leading edge.
             | Plenty of business for older processes though.
        
             | Comevius wrote:
             | Samsung makes a lot of money manufacturing displays and
             | cameras for Apple. They are working on an under-display
             | sensor too that's going to replace the notch in the future.
             | 
             | Intel used to make a processor with AMD graphics and 4GB
             | HBM2 (Core i7-8809G).
        
       | jarym wrote:
       | > Toshiya Hari of Goldman Sachs, a bank,
       | 
       | Never thought I'd see an Economist article explaining that GS are
       | a bank hahaha
        
       | lakomen wrote:
       | Paywalled
        
       | top_sigrid wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/GpPCN
        
         | tannhaeuser wrote:
         | Thanks (O/T: _copy-pasting text into vim to even read TFA_ high
         | times to flag ad-ridden, basically unreadable content, or not
         | link to it in the first place)
        
           | agomez314 wrote:
           | I'm able to read it just fine in Brave Browser
        
           | sundarurfriend wrote:
           | Adding https://remove-js.com/ before the URL i.e.
           | https://remove-
           | js.com/https://www.economist.com/business/202... is often an
           | easy fix for news websites. The page actually looks beautiful
           | with this, and the content is front and center.
        
           | tanseydavid wrote:
           | >> or not link to it in the first place
           | 
           | Please, do not suggest this.
           | 
           | You can decide for yourself whether or not you want to go to
           | the extra effort to read the content. And then the rest of us
           | can also decide for ourselves.
        
             | aliqot wrote:
             | Yes, please more of this thinking. With all of the choice
             | we have now, personal agency is not valued at a time when
             | it needs reinforcing the most. Take care, stranger.
        
           | m_mueller wrote:
           | O/T T: try reader mode in firefox or safari sometime. works
           | pretty well.
        
       | habibur wrote:
       | Wondering if that means Raspberry Pi will be available again.
       | 
       | Still no sign of stability in supply.
        
         | karmicthreat wrote:
         | You can probably just ignore them as a concern at this point.
         | Nobody is going to want to use them in new products. They might
         | keep going as a educational novelty but the magic is gone as
         | far as using them in commercial/industrial products.
        
           | alexk307 wrote:
           | What makes you say that? Plenty of commercial operations
           | would use them if they could purchase them at scale
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/production-and-supply-chain...
         | 
         | That's from April, but in short there's a huge order backlog
         | that they're still working through apparently, despite
         | producing half a million units per month. With the lockdown gap
         | in production and the Pi 4s getting increasingly integrated
         | into various 3rd party products I suppose that's no surprise.
         | 
         | It's quite apparent that there's little demand for the Pico,
         | since it's always in stock.
        
           | swores wrote:
           | > _It 's quite apparent that there's little demand for the
           | Pico, since it's always in stock._
           | 
           | Without additional context (which perhaps you have and used
           | subconsciously) that's not evidence that there's less demand
           | - just evidence that the ratio of demand to stock is lowest.
           | It could be that it has 2x the demand but they prioritised it
           | and produced 3x as much stock, or it could be that a specific
           | component makes one product easier/less delayed than the
           | other to make (in which case equal demand could still lead to
           | only one being regularly in stock).
           | 
           | If for example 100 people a year want to buy a product $A,
           | and 10 a year want to buy product $B, and the company
           | manufactures 200 $A's a year but only 5 $B's, then $B will be
           | out of stock more despite being far less popular.
           | 
           | Or course this partly relates to how well a company predicts
           | future demand when deciding how much of each product to
           | create. But in many cases (though I would guess not when it
           | comes to The Raspberry Pi Foundation) marketing therefore
           | also becomes a factor - in that companies may see value in
           | either creating slightly less than they expect there to be
           | demand for, or artificially limiting / lying about stock
           | levels, in order to get people thinking "wow it's out of
           | stock so it must be popular!"
        
             | moffkalast wrote:
             | Well it's either an overestimation in production or an
             | underestimation in demand. Or likely both to some extent in
             | this case.
             | 
             | I bought a few of them a while back and have only recently
             | managed to integrate one of them into a really basic
             | project. They tried to make some kind of middle ground
             | between an ESP and an Arduino, while providing an
             | incredibly buggy MicroPython build and no Arudino IDE
             | integration. Some of that's been corrected, but it still
             | remains this all rounder thing that's never the best choice
             | for the application.
        
               | swores wrote:
               | > _Well it 's either an overestimation in production or
               | an underestimation in demand._
               | 
               | Or they correctly estimated, planned not to go out of
               | stock and were able to succeed. Jumping from "it never
               | shows as out of stock" to "therefore they must have badly
               | estimated one or both of supply or demand" is even
               | stranger a leap of thinking than the initial
               | misconception of thinking that not going out of stock
               | proves low demand.
               | 
               | In both this comment and the previous one, you're
               | guessing at a possible explanation while writing as if
               | you know it to be the correct explanation.
               | 
               | (Sorry for coming across all critical, hopefully learning
               | what can and can't be construed from a product being in
               | stock is worth my negativity!)
        
           | Aperocky wrote:
           | Half a million units per month? That is IT?
           | 
           | No wonder there's no supply.
        
           | mordae wrote:
           | People are just not yet used to it. Eventually it will gain
           | more popularity. PIOs are awesome.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | forinti wrote:
             | The target audience for picos is a lot smaller, no?
        
         | vaxman wrote:
         | Eben says to embrace the Pico and buy the rPi400 because it
         | does not compete with orders from industrial customers (that
         | spent bazillions on testing/certification of their
         | rPi4/rPi3-derived products and therefore receive some priority
         | above the poor huddled masses yearning to breath free air). If
         | you aren't down with Pico yet, I recommend googling Limor Fried
         | and searching her company's site.
         | 
         | As far as Intel goes, they've been on oxygen for decades with
         | the technological advancements they appropriated from DEC,
         | while at the same time selling off the DEC-designed StrongARM
         | technology and exploring new ways to generate heat and waste
         | power. At this point, they have a formal relationship with TSMC
         | and a government mandate to turn the Rust Belt into the Silicon
         | Belt, so don't count them out (unless you are 75 or something,
         | because it will be 10-15 years for all of that to happen), but
         | to guys like me (and I would imagine most people on a site like
         | this), they're about as relevant now as IBM (/s) In the
         | meantime, we need to convince Apple to sell its consumer
         | chipsets, maybe with an incentive from USA (either money or an
         | agreement not to prosecute them for investing so much training
         | and capital in China that they feel comfortable announcing
         | their plan on TV yesterday to murder as many people as
         | necessary to return Taiwan to 1895 legal structure).
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | The Pico is a completely different product.
        
           | NavinF wrote:
           | Lay off the shrooms for a bit.
        
             | svnt wrote:
             | Explain where you think he is wrong.
        
       | varelse wrote:
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | swamp40 wrote:
       | > American chip bosses now fear that China could retaliate
       | 
       | They will certainly retaliate. The question is how. Most think
       | they will react similarly, banning cutting edge electronics
       | exports that could have military use.
       | 
       | But I suspect they will go after our weak spots. Prescription
       | drugs, solar, lithium. I'm sure there are more.
        
         | simonsarris wrote:
         | yeah. They might even flood the country with fentanyl.
        
       | mensetmanusman wrote:
       | Highly recommend the economist's podcast on Xi called 'The
       | Prince'
       | 
       | Xi became a Leninist and is trying to be the next Mao. He is a
       | true believer that his glory and the glory of China can only
       | happen by taking back Taiwan.
       | 
       | TSMC is a huge reason for this conflict. The current US policy is
       | trying to slow China's technological might for that next war.
        
         | gonzo41 wrote:
         | It's also setting up the conditions for the US and the West to
         | leave Taiwan to fight it's own fight like Ukraine.
        
           | gtirloni wrote:
           | Ukraine is fighting its own fight but it's far from alone.
        
             | ethbr0 wrote:
             | Voters in a democracy tend to react better to dollars-spent
             | than bodybags-returned.
             | 
             | So support via the former will always be the more tenable
             | position for a democracy.
        
               | nly wrote:
               | The best way for the EU to 'fight' russia would be to not
               | be dependent on it for energy.
               | 
               | Russia can also do what it likes because of the constant
               | nuclear threat. Russia has nukes that work, whereas the
               | likes of the UK has a single nuclear sub that
               | occasionally gets stuck on a sand banks. The Russians
               | probably know where it is at all times.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | Fortunately there are other nuclear powers in the EU.
               | 
               | It was one EU country in particular that was very
               | vulnerable for a few separate reasons for the Russian gas
               | politics, but they have seen the errors of their ways at
               | long last.
               | 
               | Dependence on Russian energy is significantly reduced and
               | there more than every intention to reduce this to zero.
               | Note that the intention was always there, gas was only
               | ever a stopgap between now and fully renewable.
        
               | warinukraine wrote:
               | > Russia has nukes that work
               | 
               | Does it?
               | 
               | Nominally, Russia has roughly the same number of nukes as
               | the US.
               | 
               | The US military budget is 700bn/yr and it spends 60bn/yr
               | in maintaining its nuclear weapons. So 60bn/yr is a good
               | estimate for what it costs to maintain a US/Russia-sized
               | nuclear weapons arsenal.
               | 
               | Russia spends 60bn/yr on its military in _total_. However
               | much of that goes into maintaining its nuclear arsenal is
               | clearly not nearly enough. By all accounts Russia can't
               | even maintain its trucks. Most likely the budget for
               | nuclear maintenance is "disappearing" the same way that
               | much state money disappears in Russia. Surely no on
               | believes that Russia has been spending 60bn/yr since the
               | 70s, when the last nuke was detonated.
               | 
               | Russia no longer has nuclear weapons, you heard it here
               | first.
        
               | flerchin wrote:
               | You make a good point, the Russkies should schedule a
               | test. If that violates a treaty, well that never seemed
               | to bother them before.
        
               | WitCanStain wrote:
               | It doesn't take very many to ruin a nation, and no one
               | will be comforted by the fact that you were wrong when
               | the plumes comes down from the sky.
        
               | dotnet00 wrote:
               | Even if they have only one working nuke, in the right
               | spot it would still be hundreds of thousands or millions
               | dead/injured and a crippled nation for at least a few
               | years.
        
               | cpursley wrote:
               | Yup. It's actually the same answer how we should have
               | fought middle eastern terrorism after 911. The answer was
               | for the west to become energy independent from the middle
               | east as fast and sustainability as possible.
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | Voters in democracy tend to react better when debt or
               | "others" are seen to be paying for things and not them...
               | 
               | I can assure you that if the everyday American saw in
               | line item on their paycheck called "Ukraine War Tax" the
               | public would be much less supportive, but since all the
               | money is either printed, to debt then there is a
               | disconnect between government spending, and the hidden
               | tax of inflation everyone is paying but pretending to
               | just be "greedy companies" and not government spending
               | that is the cause
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Don't worry. Politicians will be sending out mailers and
               | running ads that put that "Ukraine War Tax" front and
               | center into peoples' minds. Support for Ukraine is
               | substantially higher on the left and is falling on the
               | right as people begin blaming the war for rising fuel
               | prices in the USA.
               | 
               | Republicans want the Presidency in 2024, and turning
               | their base against Ukraine is going to be a pillar of
               | their strategy.
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | People should be blaming decades of both Republican and
               | Democrat spending policies, and a fed focused more on
               | political goals than on solid classic economics which
               | resulted in a over heated stock, and housing market that
               | was never allowed to properly cool even after the market
               | signaled several times there are systemic issues...
               | Instead both the government and the fed just poured on
               | the gas instead of putting water on the fire.
               | 
               | The War is just the needle that is contributing to the
               | massive bubble popping
        
             | gonzo41 wrote:
             | Yes, but I think America will walk back it's current
             | hawkish defense posture around going head to head with
             | china over Taiwan over the next 10 years. If they get into
             | a fight, I expect the US to supply arms and money but not
             | soldiers or marines.
             | 
             | This posture change will keep pace broadly with the
             | American domestic chip fab industry.
        
               | enraged_camel wrote:
               | >> If they get into a fight, I expect the US to supply
               | arms and money but not soldiers or marines.
               | 
               | This is very obviously true, since China is a nuclear
               | power and has ICBMs as well. We won't be involved in a
               | hot war with them for the same reason we have been
               | avoiding that with Russia.
        
         | windexh8er wrote:
         | But China doesn't actually have a lot of technological prowess
         | on their own. The USG might be trying to slow them down but
         | they're not concerned about China militarily.
         | 
         | I worked for a defense contractor back in the early 2000s when
         | the USG was selling a lot of arms and systems to Taiwan. I got
         | to see the bullying in person via the ASOC (part of the C4ISR
         | platform) system we were installing. China would routinely fly
         | fighters over the straight to the boundary and fly the line and
         | return to the mainland. I didn't understand the rationale at
         | the time but the US was enabling Taiwan for their own interests
         | in chips. China doesn't matter as much but Taiwan does. The US
         | always had a large naval presence in Taiwan that I saw. China
         | has a relatively weak naval force in comparison - but obviously
         | enough forces to easily take over Taiwan if and when they
         | really feel the need to. I think these programs just bought the
         | US more time.
         | 
         | Ultimately though, China needs Taiwan for those chips. The
         | problem being that if the major producers leave Taiwan then
         | China is hopeless as they don't possess the capabilities or
         | people to retool. They need the likes of Germany and others to
         | even think about the ability to produce competitive processors
         | to AMD / Intel. China can't build its own fab for these types
         | of procs.
         | 
         | Finally, I didn't realize until more recently that China was,
         | and still is, relatively incapable on their own. Some recent
         | books put it into perspective for me on a global scale. But the
         | fact that China just recently figured out how to manufacture a
         | high precision pen is an interesting reference [0].
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/01/18...
        
           | DeathArrow wrote:
           | >China can't build its own fab for these types of procs.
           | 
           | China can't build fabs for very small lithography processes
           | yet. But 40 years ago they couldn't build almost anything.
           | That changed. The fab situation will change, too.
        
             | windexh8er wrote:
             | That's entirely true. They're also decades behind at this
             | point. Chip design and fabrication is an iterative process
             | - if you don't have access to high precision manufacturing
             | capable of building the machines that fabricate the chips
             | you can't fab. China can't build those machines today.
             | 
             | Again, it's simple to say on a whim that China can go from
             | building a lot of cheap electronics to building very
             | complex microprocessors. But that doesn't change the
             | hurdles or the reality.
             | 
             | Also keep in mind that if anything gets in the way of
             | developing these processes - more supply chain breakdown,
             | access to raw materials required to fabricate processors is
             | unavailable or constrained, or China is dealing with any
             | other number of issues along that path it will only take
             | longer. Then realize that during this period of time the
             | rest of the processes are enhanced and iterated leaving
             | China even further behind.
             | 
             | So at the time China can fabricate chips that are outdated
             | _today_ , the world will be 20+ years down the road from
             | where we are right now. The more you dig into all of the
             | things that are needed for China to catch up the more it's
             | apparent that it very well may not happen.
        
           | Dah00n wrote:
           | >The USG might be trying to slow them down but they're not
           | concerned about China militarily.
           | 
           | The one thing that matters in the long run is money and even
           | though the US is fighting tooth and nail to halt China it
           | isn't very likely to happen - who knows, we'll see. Whenever
           | this discussion pops up it reeks of racism. People from China
           | aren't less intelligent than people in Germany or in the US
           | so with time and more money they will with 100% certainty
           | overcome any technological gap. Sure they are behind in some
           | areas but pretending they can't make a pen is disingenuous.
           | They have had the capability to launch satellites since the
           | 1970's and are now building a space-station. It is no
           | different than saying the US can't make rockets because they
           | had a lot of outside (Nazi) help after WW2. China has in a
           | very short time-span gone from mostly agriculture to being in
           | the top three in many (most?) high tech areas.
           | 
           | But in short can you explain why the US is using insane
           | amounts of energy to slow down China if they are so totally
           | incapable? Why do we need a completely new doctrine and pivot
           | of the navy to be sailing around an utterly incapable and un-
           | concerning China?
        
             | Zoadian wrote:
             | it's not racism. sure chinese could develope all these
             | things on their own. but you need to realize, they'd have
             | to produces the machines that produces the machines that
             | produce the machines... first. all this 'high tech' stuff
             | is _really_ hrd to make. it would take a ton of money
             | invested to even get to current tech levels. and tech
             | advances pretty fast.
        
             | windexh8er wrote:
             | > Whenever this discussion pops up it reeks of racism.
             | People from China aren't less intelligent than people in
             | Germany or in the US so with time and more money they will
             | with 100% certainty overcome any technological gap. Sure
             | they are behind in some areas but pretending they can't
             | make a pen is disingenuous.
             | 
             | It's not disingenous and it's not racist as I've laid it
             | out. Facts are facts. I've never discounted the fact that
             | China can't make electronics or that it can't, as a nation
             | state, build satellites. What it's manufacturing sector,
             | the bulk of China's financial success couldn't do was make
             | a ball point pen as it requires precision manufacturing.
             | That was not in China's wheelhouse until 2017. There are
             | countries that excel in precision manufacturing _at scale_.
             | You 're conflating some very macro things.
             | 
             | > China has in a very short time-span gone from mostly
             | agriculture to being in the top three in many (most?) high
             | tech areas.
             | 
             | Define "high tech". The top 5 chip manufacturers in the
             | world are: AMD (US), Intel (US), Broadcom (US), TSMC (CN
             | --> Taiwan), NVidia (US). I'm curious if that helps you
             | understand, better, what I'm talking about. I'm not talking
             | about run of the mill electronics manufacturers. If you
             | round out the top 12 - China isn't there: STM, NXP, Micron,
             | LRC, Applied Materials, Texas Instruments, and Qualcomm -
             | none of which are Chinese corporations. These are the
             | companies that know how to build chips. Where is China in
             | this mix? Because these are the companies you need to build
             | high-tech things. Putting an iPhone together is not the
             | same thing as building the chips in them.
             | 
             | > But in short can you explain why the US is using insane
             | amounts of energy to slow down China if they are so totally
             | incapable? Why do we need a completely new doctrine and
             | pivot of the navy to be sailing around an utterly incapable
             | and un-concerning China?
             | 
             | Yes. TSMC. They are the dominant, mass volume, manufacturer
             | of these chips today. The US supply chain relies on this
             | right now. Chip building isn't like retail where you can
             | throw up a store in a few weeks and are off to the races.
             | Building what TSMC has takes time. The US is buying time.
             | That's why you slow China down and keep the issue of Taiwan
             | at bay.
        
               | mehlmao wrote:
               | AMD is Taiwan; they design chips but those are
               | manufactured by TSMC. Intel is Israel.
        
               | windexh8er wrote:
               | AMD and Intel are both US based companies.
               | 
               | Again - I'm talking about R&D, chip design, intellectual
               | property - in chips the US holds the majority of the
               | major players. Yes, TSMC is manufacturing many of those
               | chips today, but design and manufacturing are not the
               | same thing.
               | 
               | It's appreciated when you read the entirety of the post
               | before sharing information that's already been reviewed
               | and incorrect information.
        
           | lossolo wrote:
           | Things changed. Most war games/simulations around Taiwan that
           | I'm aware of were lost by US or stalemated.
           | 
           | "US Could Lose 1000 Fighter Jets, Its Entire Global Fleet If
           | It Goes To War Against China Over Taiwan"[1]
           | 
           | 1. https://eurasiantimes.com/us-could-lose-over-900-fighter-
           | jet...
        
             | dQw4w9WgXcQ wrote:
             | Fundamentally the access to resources would make defending
             | Taiwan exceptionally challenging. The real answer to the
             | war though is disconnect our supply chain dependencies from
             | China and let them sink into economic chaos, and that is
             | easily winnable and already in work.
        
           | kingkawn wrote:
           | Chinese tech and power has come along way since your
           | formative image of them took shape in the early 2000s
        
             | windexh8er wrote:
             | How? China doesn't possess the capability to build their
             | own competitive chips. The chips they do manufacture do not
             | require high precision. Everything I've read about China
             | over the last few years has indicated it is, generally,
             | unsustainable. From their disastrous fiscal policies of
             | internal hyper-finance [0], their weakening navy [1], their
             | aging population that's well on its way through decline [2]
             | and the [3] continued climate issues that loom over China -
             | it doesn't look all that great once you peel back the
             | facade. China is in a big mess that started back then and
             | continues to get worse under current leadership.
             | 
             | [0]https://www.csis.org/analysis/chinas-slow-motion-
             | financial-c... [1]
             | https://news.usni.org/2021/01/22/chinese-navy-faces-
             | overseas... [2] https://www.scmp.com/economy/china-
             | economy/article/3157385/c... [3] https://www.world-
             | energy.org/article/20509.html
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | China has recently developed a low-altitude, hyper-sonic
               | missile platform (DF-ZF) for which the USA doesn't have a
               | great defense against. And this platform is specifically
               | designed to attack carrier groups.
               | 
               | THAAD can theoretically stop these missiles but the range
               | for doing so is extremely limited due to the speed (up to
               | Mach 10) and low altitude these missiles fly at.
        
               | Dah00n wrote:
               | >China doesn't possess the capability to build their own
               | competitive chips
               | 
               | The US doesn't either. ASML is the only supplier of
               | cutting-edge lithography systems and they are Dutch, not
               | from Taiwan or the US. Without them Intel and TSMC
               | couldn't do what they do and US sanctions is why China
               | can't currently build competitive chips. It is not
               | because of some kind of US tech brilliance.
        
               | windexh8er wrote:
               | Look at the top 12 chip manufacturers globally. The ones
               | that design the chips that run our everyday lives. They
               | are mostly US based companies. The IP is within, mostly,
               | US based companies. I posted this in another comment.
               | This is why the US is heavily subsidizing bringing that
               | to US soil [0]. This is preemptive, but in many ways, a
               | bit late.
               | 
               | If you're saying the US doesn't know how to design and
               | build chips then you're conflating two very different
               | things. The US manufacturers used to build them here, but
               | the global supply chain made it infeasible to do it on US
               | soil historically. The US currently doesn't have the
               | manufacturing capacity to fabricate the chips they design
               | - but the actual R&D is here. China doesn't have that.
               | 
               | > It is not because of some kind of US tech brilliance.
               | 
               | If that's the case then please share one Chinese rival to
               | Intel / AMD.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.nist.gov/semiconductors/chips-act
        
               | petra wrote:
               | I believe TSMC is 50% owned by US companies.
        
               | selectodude wrote:
               | Intel owns a significant chunk of ASML but it's always
               | been a fully Dutch company.
               | 
               | That being said, ASML is 100 percent reliant on US
               | Government research for their EUV breakthroughs, which is
               | why the USG can tell them who they can and can't sell to.
        
           | greedo wrote:
           | The US has no naval presence in Taiwan. USN ships might do
           | port visits, but they have no basing rights. They will
           | periodically transit the Straits on Freedom of Navigation
           | (FON) exercises. The closest USN base is in Yokohama Japan.
        
             | windexh8er wrote:
             | I don't know if they had any basing rights at the time I
             | was there, but given the USG was delivering weapons
             | (military ships, etc) there was a large presence there at
             | that point in time. I only know that through actual
             | observations while on bases there.
        
         | computerfriend wrote:
         | I also highly recommend _The Prince_.
         | 
         | But I don't buy this argument. TSMC is a factor, sure. In that
         | it likely increases the cost of war. The PRC shouldn't expect
         | that by invading, they'll win TSMC (the company, the tech, the
         | talent, the market share).
        
           | buscoquadnary wrote:
           | I've heard that all the TSMC plants are rigged up to be able
           | to blow at the push of a button for the exact scenario of a
           | red invasion.
        
         | roenxi wrote:
         | There is a more simple explanation - if China wants a boat to
         | travel from anywhere to Guangzhou, Tianjin or Shanghai then at
         | the moment the boat has to pass close by an island that is a US
         | ally. If China controlled Taiwan, that would no longer be true
         | and they'd have easy access to the Pacific.
         | 
         | For the last 300? 400? years the dominant global superpower has
         | been a naval power. You don't need to be a Leninist or a "true
         | believer" to see China's future glory being helped by
         | controlling Taiwan.
        
           | computerfriend wrote:
           | China already has easy access outside of the territorial
           | waters of its neighbours. Taiwan's territorial waters don't
           | really prevent it from operating. Less so than Japan, Vietnam
           | and Philipines.
        
           | jcranmer wrote:
           | > There is a more simple explanation - if China wants a boat
           | to travel from anywhere to Guangzhou, Tianjin or Shanghai
           | then at the moment the boat has to pass close by an island
           | that is a US ally. If China controlled Taiwan, that would no
           | longer be true and they'd have easy access to the Pacific.
           | 
           | No, it would still be true. Just beyond Taiwan on the north
           | side are the furthest islands in the Japanese island chain,
           | and if you instead head south, you see Philippine islands
           | instead. Head through the South China Sea and you end up
           | either having to run past Singapore through the Straits of
           | Malacca (already a critical, congested chokepoint), or travel
           | through the internal waters of Indonesia or the Philippines
           | (admittedly, I'm not sure you could call Singapore, Malaysia,
           | or Indonesia US allies, given the general ASEAN propensity
           | for neutrality).
        
             | saiya-jin wrote:
             | They may be neutral, but China doesn't care much. I've
             | personally seen in cca 2014 in Philippine's Palawan islands
             | (near El Nido, great diving place btw) big modern military
             | ship plus few smaller that were there stationed semi-
             | permanently. When I checked online back then there were
             | already some provocations from Chinese side happening so
             | this was the response.
        
             | rswail wrote:
             | Singapore is aligned with the West, trains with/by
             | Australia who are aligned with the US and NZ.
        
               | kridsdale2 wrote:
               | This is true, but they fell VERY quickly when the
               | Japanese showed up. Maybe they'll do it again.
        
               | abi wrote:
               | You do realize the Singapore of today is very different
               | from the Singapore of the 40s (which was still a British
               | colony)?
        
           | Ialdaboth wrote:
           | I don't even really understand what "glory" is supposed to
           | mean here; I'm more a believer in the cold, hard reality of
           | geopolitical survival : you can't be a global superpower when
           | your own seafront is literally at the mercy of an hostile
           | (and warlike) nation.
        
         | kavalg wrote:
         | But I've always wondered if they need the tech or the land
         | more. If it is the tech only, why not resort to industrial
         | espionage or just kidnapping the key engineers from TSMC? Where
         | does the core value of TSMC line on? It is the know-how, some
         | specific machinery that is hard to replicate even if you have
         | the blueprints or something else?
        
           | greedo wrote:
           | The PRC doesn't "need" Taiwan, either in a geographic sense
           | or in an industrial capacity. This is purely a regime
           | legitimacy test; the presence of non-communist Chinese right
           | off the coast is a rebuke of the PRC. It's a bit similar to
           | how Cuba is viewed in some parts of the US.
        
           | DeathArrow wrote:
           | > If it is the tech only, why not resort to industrial
           | espionage or just kidnapping the key engineers from TSMC
           | 
           | They know how to fab chips, they don't have the tech.
           | 
           | It would be far more useful to kidnap Dutch technicians and
           | scientists from ASML. But that wouldn't be enough as ASML is
           | also dependent on some key chemicals and tools manufactured
           | in other countries.
        
       | machinekob wrote:
       | tl:dr Global recession => lower chip demand for consumers
       | 
       | China ban => lower demand from CCP
       | 
       | nvidia RTX 4090 still out of stock in most places :|
       | 
       | I'm pretty sure datacenter and military chip usage will grow in
       | next few years even if recession hit consumer market even harder
       | then past year then US chipmakers will get fat checks just 2be
       | prepared for China retaliation (probably feels good to be Intel
       | in chip war time).
        
         | hulitu wrote:
         | > tl:dr Global recession => lower chip demand for consumers
         | 
         | Global recession is to blame for everything. I'm waiting for
         | some years for payable video card, nothing special, but i guess
         | Global recession is to blame. /s
        
           | NavinF wrote:
           | You're waiting for a "payable video card" after prices
           | crashed to an all time low? There are 3090s getting dumped
           | for <$800 now. Is a 50% drop not enough for you?
        
             | ChoGGi wrote:
             | Nope :)
        
             | ThatMedicIsASpy wrote:
             | That's a 3090 with terrible power draw. Not a decent
             | 200-300EUR card
        
           | machinekob wrote:
           | Global recession for sure can be blamed for most thinks in EU
           | right now, as we just have a lot less money to spend cause of
           | energy prices, inflation and enormous number of refuges which
           | make prices of basic goods even higher (In some places from 3
           | to even 10% [Poland] of all population living there are
           | people from Ukraine). And Central Europe isn't prepare for
           | that.
        
             | justanorherhack wrote:
             | Most of which is the result of policy.
        
         | Nursie wrote:
         | You can still get a 4090 in Western Australia! They've marked
         | remaining stock up a bit, but there was no first-day sellout
         | here.
         | 
         | I think demand is considerably lower for these than it was two
         | years ago, but nvidia is managing supply to some extent.
        
         | gambiting wrote:
         | >>nvidia RTX 4090 still out of stock in most places :|
         | 
         | I mean, I just don't think they made that many in the first
         | place. Overclockers UK(one of the biggest online electronics
         | stores in the UK) was very upfront with how many units they are
         | getting from manufacturers, and they got like ~500 cards total
         | for launch. That's nothing. So of course it's out of stock,
         | even if only a very limited group of enthusiasts is actually
         | interested in buying one.
        
           | Wowfunhappy wrote:
           | 500?! I have to wonder why nVidia even bothered launching the
           | cards.
        
       | bsenftner wrote:
       | With the Skyscraper tall wall of _facts_ that article is
       | composed, one would think such writing would have an index of
       | references. But nope, what The Economists publishes sounds
       | factual but is barely a nudge above laundry room gossip with a
       | complete lack of references, lack of accountability for that wall
       | of _facts_. It is truly amazing how manipulated our official
       | discourse is on these critical issues. How to know what is
       | opinion?
        
         | gsatic wrote:
         | Just follow what the stock is doing. Everything else is
         | bullshit.
        
         | Swenrekcah wrote:
         | Why do you say that? Almost every paragraph contains numerous
         | references to either industry reports, sales numbers and market
         | shares, various company projections past and present, relevant
         | global events, laws passed or government statements, market
         | performance and whatnot.
         | 
         | They aren't enumerated and listed at the end sure, but they're
         | there.
        
           | xattt wrote:
           | > Why do you say that?
           | 
           | I assume there are certain activities that can be churned and
           | claimed for social credit score, which may include
           | denigrating Western publications in comment sections of
           | various sites.
           | 
           | I mean I would be doing this if it improved my social
           | standing.
        
             | striking wrote:
             | Having spoken to someone who simply felt a nationalistic
             | fervor in their formative years, I can tell you some folks
             | just do it for fun.
        
             | bigbillheck wrote:
             | > Please don't post insinuations about astroturfing,
             | shilling, bots, brigading, foreign agents and the like
        
           | bsenftner wrote:
           | Try tracking them down, many are just dead ends, many are
           | opinion presented as facts.
        
             | Swenrekcah wrote:
             | I assume that in order to make this claim you have indeed
             | tracked them down and could then share your results in
             | order to corroborate this?
        
       | senttoschool wrote:
       | A few months ago, I posted that here that governments around the
       | world should not interfere with the chip industry just because of
       | the covid-induced shortages. The reason is that supply and demand
       | will naturally sort things out and that any government handout to
       | chip companies to increase capacity will be wasted because chip
       | demand will swing the other way.
       | 
       | The chip industry is now swinging the other way.
        
         | Balero wrote:
         | I think it is fair for a government to promote such a key
         | industry to diversify where it is based. Currently a crazy
         | percentage of chips are made in one geographical location. A
         | huge amount of the modern economy is reliant on having cheap
         | and easy access to these chips. This isn't a supply/demand
         | decision by governments, but a strategic risk decision. Having
         | some domestic/local regional (think EU based) chip
         | manufacturing is going to be like having steel or food
         | production. A strategic decision.
        
         | jtorsella wrote:
         | I really don't understand this. Chips are tangible goods, not
         | services where, for example, a bunch of hospitality capacity
         | went to waste during the pandemic. Any "extra" chips will go to
         | use, and will only serve to reduce costs for firms and
         | consumers purchasing them, expand the range of products it
         | makes sense to put chips in and the speed and quality of chips
         | companies can afford to build on. While market signals are the
         | best way to determine these things in general, many of the
         | reasons mentioned in the article - long spin-up times for
         | production infrastructure, dependence on other countries with
         | fraught geopolitical situations - are strong reasons to build
         | reserve capacity, even setting aside the direct economic
         | benefits.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > Chips are tangible goods
           | 
           | Many chips are not _fungible_ , at least not for large-volume
           | orders that incorporate stuff like customer specific mask
           | ROMs or optimizations, and certainly for built-to-order stuff
           | like Apple's SoCs. That means that let's say Apple can't just
           | go and take a bunch of NVIDIA's chips and slap them into
           | their products, and I'd even take a bet and say that
           | manufacturers of NVIDIA cards can't easily take up cancelled
           | order capacity for the same NVIDIA chip from other
           | manufacturers.
        
             | jtorsella wrote:
             | Yes, that's a good point. But it seems to me like that's a
             | matter of degree, right? Like, even stipulating that the
             | chips themselves are not fungible across products and
             | companies, they are fungible across time for the same or
             | similar products. The price of your 2023 fridge, for
             | example, could be lower because of excess supply of chips
             | for 2022 models, no? And am I right in thinking that even
             | if the chips themselves are not fungible (and there is a
             | genuine possibility that excess production of specific
             | chips goes completely to waste), excess productive capacity
             | is good in and of itself despite some amount of
             | specialization?
        
               | svnt wrote:
               | No. Chips don't really expire, and suppliers often have
               | to wean their customers off them by raising the prices
               | regularly once they're done acquiring design wins.
               | 
               | If the chips went on sale every year then companies would
               | gamble on additional stock at discount, driving revenue
               | down, and further disrupting the sales transitions into
               | new IC designs.
        
         | pzduniak wrote:
         | As far as I understand, the primary reason for these
         | investments is not to address the shortages, but to decouple
         | Western nations from their reliance on Taiwanese silicon. Most
         | of the remaining shortages - which are still happening in many
         | industries, eg. heat pump shortages in Europe are mostly
         | blocked by chip supply - are caused by the production backlog
         | of the older/cheaper/different technologies.
         | 
         | So the goal is political. The economy can take a hit to achieve
         | it.
        
           | tooltalk wrote:
           | Well, the foundry business is now a two-horse race between
           | Samsung and TSMC. Intel, many believe won't make it. The US
           | gov't knows it too -- that's why Trump arm-twisted TSMC to
           | open new plants in Arizona.
           | 
           | Samsung was making Apple's A's in Austin, Texas some time
           | ago, but Apple ditched Samsung's US manufacturing in favor of
           | their China/Taiwan-first offshore outsourcing strategy.
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | > Samsung was making Apple's A's in Austin, Texas some time
             | ago, but Apple ditched Samsung's US manufacturing in favor
             | of their China/Taiwan-first offshore outsourcing strategy.
             | 
             | Apple runs an _Asia-first_ strategy these days, they are
             | divesting from China at top speed (whether that 's due to
             | sanction threats, the risk of operating in dictatorships,
             | raising wages in China or a combination of that is up for
             | debate). It doesn't make much sense for Apple economically
             | and logistically to use US-made products as they have to be
             | shipped across the ocean to the assembly plants.
        
               | tooltalk wrote:
               | >> ... they are divesting from China at top speed...
               | 
               | I'm not entirely convinced that that's what Apple is
               | doing.
               | 
               | The Information reported[1] last year that Apple made
               | ginormouse investments ($270+B) in China's domestic tech
               | industry to train their workforce and foster China's tech
               | manufacturing. That was 6-7 years ago. It was also
               | revealed very recently that Apple was still trying mighty
               | hard to source more materials and chip suppliers from
               | China's domestic tech industry (eg, YMTC) in spite of the
               | on-going US sanctions on MIC chips -- in this particular
               | case with YMTC, Apple finally gave up only after the
               | Biden admin expanded export control on YMTC last week[2].
               | 
               | I don't think Apple is deterred by Xi's dictatorship,
               | China's geopolitical threats to Taiwan/the South Sea
               | conflict with other SEA countries, or the Uigher (and
               | other ethnic minoority groups) human rights concerns,
               | despite their virtue signaling here in the US. Sure, I
               | think the justification for Biden's foreign/trade
               | policies is up for debates, but what is quite clear is
               | that Apple hasn't really changed its China/Taiwan-first
               | business practices.
               | 
               | 1. https://www.theinformation.com/articles/facing-
               | hostile-chine...
               | 
               | 2. https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Tech/Semiconductors/A
               | pple-f...
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | Apple should be investing in a North America first
               | strategy and getting manufacturer for everything spun up
               | here
        
         | Proven wrote:
        
         | guidedlight wrote:
         | I saw this announcement being more guaranteeing US onshore chip
         | fabs are being built as demand increase.
         | 
         | The rise of TSMC has somewhat increased the national security
         | risk as the market share has shifted away from Intel. We are
         | seeing with the Ukraine War, a reliable domestic supply of
         | semiconductors is now critical to national security.
         | 
         | I expect Intel will continue to be helped along by the US
         | government for some time.
        
         | bfung wrote:
         | There's gov intervention now, not due to shortage nor Covid
         | related supply, but strategic moves that's happening between US
         | and China.
         | 
         | With China having "seized" Hong Kong, and Russia invading
         | Ukraine, flags went up signaling that the next major move in
         | the future could be China invading Taiwan. And Taiwan is where
         | the most advanced chips are made.
         | 
         | In parallel news, playing with the open source AI models, it's
         | clear that GPUs are NEEDED in order to run these AI models. Ex:
         | an Nvidia RTX3090 (low end of A100) can run Stable Diffusion in
         | a couple minutes, while my 2013 MacBook Pro, cpu driven, takes
         | ~4hrs to perform the same task.
         | 
         | AI models applied to military uses is a game changer, as
         | demonstrated by Ukraine equipped with US tech.
         | 
         | Mitigating the risk of losing Taiwan, enabling production on US
         | shore, and banning sales to China [1] would keep the economic
         | and military advantage on the US side a bit longer than if
         | things kept going the way they were.
         | 
         | Chips might slump now, but GPUs are gonna be in hot demand,
         | even w/o the blockchain use cases. As demonstrated by the open
         | source AI models, we're about to replace a lot of stock photos,
         | news illustrations, logo services... and that's just the
         | beginning.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/documents/about-
         | bis/newsro...
        
           | hikingsimulator wrote:
           | You mention AI applications in Ukraine. Can you provide more
           | information on that? Sounds like a rabbit hole.
        
           | chernofool wrote:
           | Are you certain that AI is used in any of the tech that the
           | US is sending to Ukraine?
           | 
           | It's mostly cold war era equipment, designed around the '90s
           | or earlier. Modern AI also seems very failure-prone for
           | military applications around populated areas.
        
             | rank0 wrote:
             | What about the air defense systems? Those things surely
             | need advanced compute.
             | 
             | There's also drones, communications systems, electronic
             | warfare systems, jets etc...
        
               | chernofool wrote:
               | None of those systems are autonomous, people still handle
               | the decision-making. Also, AI does not mean faster or
               | more advanced compute; the fact that it requires so many
               | cycles and watts is a testament to its relative
               | inefficiency.
               | 
               | Aerospace code is much too thoroughly-vetted to use
               | something as slow and imprecise as a modern AI system.
               | Existing realtime platforms and sensors are plenty fast,
               | and you can prove that they'll work correctly. Plus, when
               | you're procuring chips to run in an adverse environment,
               | advanced process nodes will probably be too fragile and
               | prone to interference.
        
         | gergoe wrote:
        
           | Quindecillion wrote:
        
             | cxr wrote:
             | Please just downvote these comments (and then flag them if
             | you can), rather than replying.
             | 
             | If you aren't able to downvote or flag them, then please
             | still abstain from responding. It will get killed
             | eventually, but replying brings undue attention, thwarting
             | the point of moderation.
        
             | Dawnyhf5t wrote:
        
         | noja wrote:
         | I'm not sure that makes your prediction correct, you need to
         | give a timeframe too. Without a timeframe, it's just waiting
         | until you are right.
        
         | yvdriess wrote:
         | The current slump seems purely caused by a demand drop. It will
         | take years to see the capacity increase because of those
         | government investments. By then, we will hopefully be out of
         | this recession.
        
       | mFixman wrote:
       | I know nothing about the chip-making process, and news about fabs
       | and the chip industry confuse and scare me.
       | 
       | Can anybody link me to a guide with the basics of these topics,
       | like what exactly is a chip (is it a microcontroller? a part of a
       | larger system?), or why the few giant fabs can't be replaced by a
       | lot of smaller and cheaper ones?
        
         | muricula wrote:
         | There are two parts to making chips: architecture (design) and
         | process (how it's manufactured). Intel does both but eg Apple
         | only does design and outsources manufacturing to other
         | companies.
         | 
         | There are lots of different chips ranging from slow, energy
         | efficient, and cheap microcontrollers, to fast, energy hungry,
         | and expensive high performance computing clusters. Intel makes
         | the fast ones, and had the fastest chips from the late 1990s to
         | the mid 2010s. Since then, a Taiwanese company has had the
         | fastest chips which go into iPhones, Nvidia graphics cards, and
         | AMD cpus.
         | 
         | Building a fab (manufacturing plant) to make the fastest chips
         | which require features shorter than 7nm (billionths of a
         | meter!) requires billions of dollars in up front investment.
         | It's mass scale manufacturing at some of the lowest levels
         | anything has ever been created at.
         | 
         | The US gov't is afraid that company which makes the fastest
         | chips in Taiwan (which is not recognized as an independent
         | country, but is effectively self governing, but China claims is
         | theirs, it's complicated yes), could be under Chinese control
         | some day. The Military Industrial Complex don't want the US
         | tech sector or US defense tech to be beholden to China, and US
         | companies (Intel) want government funding to build expensive
         | factories. Thus the CHIPS act.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Melatonic wrote:
       | Seems like a dumb article - their whole argument is that we
       | should NOT be building fabs in the US because demand has recently
       | fallen and we MIGHT end up with too much supply?
       | 
       | Seems like a good thing to be honest. More supply means cheaper
       | prices and even if demand is a bit lower there is no way it is
       | going to keep going down. We have CPU's in damn near everything
       | these days. The drop is probably mainly because of crypto mining
       | falling of a cliff.
        
         | fnordpiglet wrote:
         | Seems like a good thing as a consumer. As a producer it's what
         | you try to avoid. They're not charities
        
           | CydeWeys wrote:
           | It's reasons like this why the DPA and other mechanisms
           | exist. Having sufficient fab capacity in case global supply
           | lines experience disruption is a strategic reserve of high
           | national security importance.
        
         | godelski wrote:
         | Oh no, if only it were possible to expand the use case of cheap
         | and affordable chips. It's not like we can put computer chips
         | into devices like refrigerators, thermostats, watches, lights,
         | tea kettles, ovens, cars, bicycles, musical instruments, desks,
         | keyboards, doors, sorry, I lost track what we were talking
         | about. Seems like we can put computers in literally everything.
         | Isn't that what the IOT people promised us?
        
       | nonrandomstring wrote:
       | We've reached or are approaching "peak tech".
       | 
       | The other day we were discussing Pablo Azar, "Computer Saturation
       | and the Productivity Slowdown" (Federal Reserve Bank of New York
       | Liberty Street Economics, October 6, 2022) [1]
       | 
       | Simply reinventing systems and deliberately obsoleting stuff to
       | create fake demand is over. The metaverse isn't hoing to happen.
       | People are fatigued with tech.
       | 
       | We're entering a different era in which we need to make better,
       | more humane and effective technology, not just more and more and
       | more of it.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://libertystreeteconomics.newyorkfed.org/2022/10/comput...
       | 
       | EDIT: less trashy link
        
         | zelias wrote:
         | On the contrary, I think the next decade will call for a
         | revolution in physical technologies as opposed to the web-
         | centric mentality of the past few decades.
        
         | dougmwne wrote:
         | I truly do not think so.
         | 
         | I have experienced a handful of magic products, Apple products
         | which are the best example, that are built from incredibly
         | capable software that takes cheap hardware components and makes
         | them sing. All objects could be like this, deep software
         | capabilities running on a few dollars of hardware. I have the
         | idea that the demand for people that can create software is
         | bottomless, that there will always be more thing to turn into
         | perfect iThings.
        
         | whoIsYou wrote:
         | I think we may have reached peak consumer tech
         | 
         | I think there is plenty of industry tech left to be developer
        
         | vkou wrote:
         | We may need this, but the stakeholders holding the purse
         | strings don't. And they are the ones who will decide what gets
         | built.
         | 
         | It's how we end up with shit like grocery self-checkout
         | machines and robots answering customer support calls. Nobody
         | likes being yelled at by a robot who doesn't understand the
         | situation, except the decision-makers buying the machines.
         | 
         | This isn't peak tech, not by a longshot. This is just Intel's
         | competitors eating it's lunch.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | Grocery self-checkout machines are great. There's even a
           | system now where you can bring a little scanner with you and
           | scan as you pick them out, that way you can bag them directly
           | in your cart, saving the time of the final scan and the
           | bagging (it was great during the peak of the pandemic, skip
           | the cashier and waiting in the high-population line area).
           | 
           | Robots answering support calls are annoying, but self-service
           | websites are pretty good for 99% of things.
        
             | pcai wrote:
             | the scan as you shop technology is actually being phased
             | out in many chains because the theft rates are
             | unsustainable
             | 
             | some wholesale clubs apparently counter this by randomly
             | auditing every cart as you leave, but that seems to leave
             | the whole thing only marginally more efficient than
             | traditional checkout
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | Well, whichever places hang on to them will always at
               | least have this one customer.
        
               | datavirtue wrote:
               | Yes, apathetic, emasculated, underpaid employees are
               | being used to examine your cart/checkout.
               | 
               | I have lost count of how many items I forgot to pay for
               | at Home Depot.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | No, they aren't. There's not a single point in time when I
             | have ever scanned my own groceries faster than the guy who
             | does it 8 hours a day.
             | 
             | They scream at me when they think I'm stealing (Any human
             | being doing that would instantly be reprimanded by a
             | manager), they have tiny platforms where I can't even fit
             | my groceries and heaven forbid if I do something the
             | machine doesn't like, an attendant needs to come unfuck it
             | for me.
             | 
             | The best thing about them is that I can do some work for
             | the store for free as part of my shopping. I can't wait for
             | the next grocery innovation of having the customers stock
             | the shelves from the backroom before they can fill a sack
             | with onions.
        
               | MikePlacid wrote:
               | > I can't wait for the next grocery innovation of having
               | the customers stock the shelves from the backroom before
               | they can fill a sack with onions.
               | 
               | Think bolder. As a software engineer in the Soviet Union
               | I had to spend about three weeks each year in the
               | collective farm fields planting, tending and harvesting
               | potatoes and cabbages. Since some of my American friends
               | are very fond of socialism these days - these types of
               | "improvement" look definitely a possibility.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | You were a professional software engineer in the Soviet
               | Union while still being a high school student? Or do you
               | mean to say that you were one in the 1940s, when people
               | were packed into train cars to bring in the harvest,
               | among other things?
               | 
               | Something about this doesn't seem to entirely add up,
               | given that workers in government and defense-critical
               | industries weren't exactly rounded up a la carte to work
               | the fields. Not when there was a dedicated class of
               | kolhozniks that were paid next to nothing, and couldn't
               | really leave the countryside for better jobs in the
               | cities.
               | 
               | But now that you mention it, I would pay good money to
               | see the likes of Peter Thiel spend a few weeks a year
               | picking strawberries, or filling grocery bags, or
               | piloting a shitbarge up the Hudson river along with the
               | rest of us. I do keep hearing from that half of the
               | political spectrum that hard, poorly paid work, and
               | pulling yourself up by the bootstraps builds character...
        
               | atherpayer wrote:
        
               | atherpayer wrote:
        
               | achenet wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure the comment you are responding to was
               | being ironic ;)
        
               | MikePlacid wrote:
               | >Something about this doesn't seem to entirely add up
               | 
               | I kinda think I should write an essay about the life of a
               | software engineer in the Soviet Union. It is always
               | interesting to get reactions of un-believe to simple
               | truths, known to everybody with the same "living
               | experience". What stops me - my English is bad and
               | Russians know all this already. Still, let me do what I
               | can.
               | 
               | So, software engineers and the food supply. I worked as a
               | software engineer in a biological research center. I've
               | participated in the practice described below from 1979 to
               | 1991, 1991 being the last year of the planned economy.
               | Each employee has a quota to be fulfilled in the
               | collective farm fields, like 20 days a year. Each
               | morning, weekends including, a big number of buses was
               | coming to the city center. Our research institution was
               | assigned one bus. We packed in it and were driven into
               | the fields. There was a quota to be done by each until
               | afternoon: planting, tending or harvesting depending on
               | the season. In the afternoon like "before lunch" buses
               | arrived to take us back to the city. You were free from
               | work this day, but paid in full. You were also paid for
               | the work done in the fields. Twice paid for a half of a
               | day's work.
               | 
               | No one was exempt from the farm work quota, nor
               | government workers, nor defense contractors from a county
               | seat 20 miles away.
               | 
               | So the whole system was not especially cruel, but
               | extremely ineffective, like the life in the late Soviet
               | Union in general - do not forget these buses with their
               | fuel, some of them bringing people from 20 miles away -
               | for half a day's work.
               | 
               | ( In 1990 yours truly organized and participated in an
               | economic experiment, reducing some of the costs. Instead
               | of giving a quota to each co-worker, we've organized a
               | team of volunteers, spent whole days in the field and
               | were done with the quota for the whole institution in a
               | week or so. This was a back-breaking affair, but earned a
               | good money. I've sent a letter to the county newspaper
               | with a proud name Kommunist, describing the "experiment".
               | They published it, but they also published "letters from
               | workers" naming me "the enemy of the people". )
               | 
               | Some misconceptions to correct, if I may.
               | 
               | >in the 1940s, when people were packed into train cars to
               | bring in the harvest
               | 
               | Incarceration rates in Stalin times were less than
               | incarceration rates in present Texas or Luisiana. So not
               | much could have been done using inmates labor only.
               | 
               | >dedicated class of kolhozniks that were paid next to
               | nothing,
               | 
               | Kolhozniks in my time were paid 2-3 times _more_ than a
               | software engineer. Not that was much, but still.
               | 
               | >and couldn't really leave the countryside for better
               | jobs in the cities.
               | 
               | This practice ended in 1965. Free movement of people was
               | restricted in general though, meaning you have to jump
               | through some stupid obstacles to move, but absolutely
               | possible.
               | 
               | >I would pay good money to see the likes of Peter Thiel
               | spend a few weeks a year picking strawberries
               | 
               | This is a strange wish. If Thiel is a good person, he
               | will work along with you, yes. But if he is the bad guy
               | like I guess you've implied - he will be a supervisor
               | over you packing strawberries. Some things never change
               | with a change of a political system.
        
               | patentatt wrote:
               | Not saying that wasn't difficult, but that actually
               | sounds pretty cool to me.
               | 
               | And not to be overly pedantic (although we are on hn
               | here, and when in Rome...), but leading American
               | socialist movements are focused on democratic socialism,
               | much like many European countries where I'm pretty sure
               | forced agrarian labor isn't a thing.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | If you add bluetooth or lora I think you got the future
               | right.
        
               | bee_rider wrote:
               | They work for some people not others I guess.
               | 
               | I was a cashier for a couple summers. There were a couple
               | members of staff that were really experienced experts who
               | could really fly through the checkout, but there were
               | plenty of us that were just kids working over the
               | summer...
               | 
               | Supermarkets have always looked to save cost, it is a
               | price sensitive business after all. At some point you'd
               | give a list to the clerk and they'd put your order
               | together. I'm sure people were annoyed when they had to
               | start doing that clerk's job.
        
           | jmeister wrote:
           | >We may need this, but the stakeholders holding the purse
           | strings don't. And they are the ones who will decide what
           | gets built.
           | 
           | It has never been easier to build a business(software). Labor
           | is abundant, and the tech boom has created a million Medicis
           | willing to throw money at wild things. Look at FTX fund for
           | example.
        
         | ugh123 wrote:
         | wow what a garbage site that is. ussanews*.com
        
         | chinabot wrote:
         | My laptop is a 1000x the power of the one I had 15 years ago
         | yet I am still stuck with the same hourglass due to shit,
         | bloated and over-complex software stacks. Tell me I'm at peak
         | tech when this is no longer the case.
        
           | CydeWeys wrote:
           | There's no way this is true. You simply aren't accurately
           | remembering the actual experience of using that laptop 15
           | years ago. For starters, the laptop 15 years ago was using a
           | spinning rust hard disk, so everything was much slower
           | compared to today's lightning fast SSD. I remember when it
           | used to take minutes to boot up a laptop and launch a few
           | applications, and it took almost that long to resume from
           | hibernation. Modern laptops are much, much faster.
        
             | godelski wrote:
             | I think they are in agreement and retorting the gp who said
             | we are at peak computing. Clearly we aren't if their
             | programs are not launched instantly. Clearly there is room
             | for improvement.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | I'm with you. The previous sentiment is similar to 35mb of
           | RAM is all you'll ever need. Instead computers are a "build
           | it and they will come" paradigm. Hardware innovation happened
           | in the US when it was cheap and accessible. Not it happens in
           | Shenzhen, where it is cheap and accessible. Programming
           | innovation accelerated when computers became cheap and
           | accessible. I don't see us slowing down anytime soon because
           | you can literally put a computer in anything, and people are
           | trying. Cheaper and more powerful chips just means we can
           | expand into more domains.
        
         | Defitio wrote:
         | I rethought my reaction to Google IO conference: I found it
         | boring because they showed things which do not have an impact
         | on me.
         | 
         | Like 'taking better pictures when you a person of non white
         | color's but that's the wrong attitude. They solve great issues
         | like this and I'm probably more underwhelmed that we even had
         | to fix something like this because it wasn't really solved
         | before.
         | 
         | Let's see if/when we get a more stable timeframe back. With
         | COVID and the Russians it's shitty and climate change might
         | already be a regular constant.
        
           | Bloating wrote:
           | Climate Change has been a regular constant since there was a
           | climate
        
         | ajross wrote:
         | This is actually sort of a strawman. It relies on a definition
         | for "tech" that's different from the English word "technology".
         | You're talking about "peak {tech industry as defined by the
         | last three decades of investment behavior}", and... OK, there's
         | an argument there.
         | 
         | But to argue that technology as a whole has stopped is... well,
         | not irrefutable, but almost certainly wrong. And if it's right,
         | wow, is that bleak.
         | 
         | Constructed more naturally, your statement here:
         | 
         | > we need to make better, more humane and effective technology,
         | not just more and more and more of it.
         | 
         | Is certainly true, but frankly is just a tautology.
         | "Technology" as commonly understood means new stuff that makes
         | people's lives better.
        
           | nonrandomstring wrote:
           | I hoped it was obvious that I chose the word "tech" to mean
           | something less than a grandiose Francis Fukuyama style
           | comment on "The End of Technology".
        
             | ajross wrote:
             | Yes, but you conflated the two to make your argument.
             | Saying "peak tech is over" to mean "the VC-driven startup
             | grider is out of gas" is fine! Saying that it's over
             | because technology isn't making people's lives better is
             | wrong, because that's what "technology" _does_ , and it
             | doesn't appear to be slowing down to me.
        
               | nonrandomstring wrote:
               | > Saying that it's over because technology isn't making
               | people's lives better is wrong, because that's what
               | "technology" does, and it doesn't appear to be slowing
               | down to me.
               | 
               | I see two errors here.
               | 
               | Defining technology to be "that thing which makes
               | people's lives better" feels weak, even disingenuous,
               | because trivially nuclear missiles and weaponised
               | smallpox are technologies that fail your test.
               | 
               | Therefore, there exist technologies that can make
               | peoples' lives worse.
               | 
               | The second issue is with your subjective "(people's lives
               | getting better) doesn't appear to be slowing down _to me_
               | ". It's a view you're entitled to hold of course. Maybe
               | you are not aware of other perspectives. It may have
               | escaped your notice that in the last decade digital
               | technologies have substantially changed in their nature.
               | They've been at the centre of scandals over the erosion
               | of democratic values, decline in education, attention
               | disorders, social fragmentation, childhood depression,
               | pollution and e-waste, conflict minerals, energy
               | consumption, loss of privacy, dignity and rights... Must
               | I go on?
               | 
               | To hold the idea that "all technologies naturally improve
               | human life" _by definition alone_ seems like a desperate
               | escape from the facts.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | > scandals over the erosion of democratic values, decline
               | in education, attention disorders, social fragmentation,
               | childhood depression, pollution and e-waste, conflict
               | minerals, energy consumption, loss of privacy, dignity
               | and rights... Must I go on?
               | 
               | Please don't. OK, I get it now. Your point above wasn't
               | about "peak tech" at all[1], it was about this part,
               | which you didn't mention. I think you're wrong, FWIW, but
               | am not going to engage.
               | 
               | [1] In _either_ the sense of  "peak tech startup
               | investment activity" or "technological progress as
               | commonly undeerstood".
        
               | nonrandomstring wrote:
               | > In either the sense of "peak tech startup investment
               | activity" or "technological progress as commonly
               | undeerstood".
               | 
               | "Peak tech" is two words I just pulled out of my arse an
               | hour ago.
               | 
               | Let's define it together.
               | 
               | For me it's a palpable sentiment not a definition. But
               | some people here seem to "get it".
               | 
               | The "tech industry" is not just an activity, it's a
               | culture. Many of us, including (particularly?) developers
               | are increasingly fed-up and disappointed by the direction
               | digital technology is going. Not because we dislike
               | technology, but because of what a minority are doing with
               | it to gain power and wealth to the detriment of everyone
               | else.
               | 
               | I don't think things will change for those investors who
               | are smart enough to see the writing on the wall and
               | switch (as they are doing) to physical technologies. FWIW
               | I love the startup mind-set.
               | 
               | But this cynical flogging of surveillance capitalism,
               | screwing over users, social control and smartphone
               | bandwagon has been sticking in people's throats _way_
               | beyond this community for some time.
               | 
               | The pain and anxiety equals or outweighs the perceived
               | benefits - not just to a few geeks - but to people like
               | my parents, siblings and neighbours.
               | 
               | That's "peak tech" for me.
        
         | ansible wrote:
         | I disagree. We've already passed the tipping point for tech,
         | and investment will continue to accelerate. This is true for
         | various form of artificial intelligence, and the rest of tech.
         | 
         | Businesses in general started to see the appeal around the time
         | that the Google Assistant, Cortana, Alexa and Siri started to
         | become actually useful and desired by the general public.
         | Because of that, there will continue to be a push to extend and
         | enhance those capabilities.
         | 
         | The current systems can turn a normally worded question into a
         | web search, and present the results in a pleasing manner. The
         | next step is to extend the ability of the systems to actually
         | understand wider and wider ranges of questions. We are still a
         | ways away from having free-flowing conversations with our
         | computers, but there are many steps along the way that are
         | useful of themselves. Advancing this technology is a
         | competitive advantage, and becomes key to drawing in and
         | keeping people in one of the various tech ecosystems (Google,
         | Microsoft, Amazon, Apple).
         | 
         | In the wider business world, people are finding new and better
         | ways to apply this technology.
        
           | varispeed wrote:
           | > The current systems can turn a normally worded question
           | into a web search, and present the results in a pleasing
           | manner.
           | 
           | Pleasing but not useful. I really miss Google search from 10
           | years ago. I think things started going downhill when they
           | introduced the instant search feature. Nowadays it's
           | difficult to find anything. The results are mostly irrelevant
           | and littered with spam and AI written nonsense. I remember I
           | could go through hundreds of result pages and find useful
           | things on the tail end, now quite often I get one page only
           | and nothing is relevant to my search term. I have to often
           | use quotation marks etc, but even that stops being helpful -
           | basically more often than not I get no results at all.
        
           | time_to_smile wrote:
           | Huge amounts of our current tech industry have yet to prove
           | they can even make a profit. I'm pretty sure than in a few
           | more months we'll find out they _can 't_.
           | 
           | I work for a fairly large, fairly successful company and I'm
           | having to explain to my team how to quantify the business
           | value of a product, like showing that the value provided to
           | customer in terms of dollars is greater than the cost of the
           | service we provide. It's an uphill battle, because we've
           | lived in a bubble so long people don't even remember this
           | basic fundamental of business.
           | 
           | The tech industry exploded because of cheap money, but by and
           | large has completely failed to extract actual value from the
           | technology.
           | 
           | Even when I list out the "tech" products I do use frequently
           | (Uber, Door Dash and the like) I realize that the products
           | they offer are basically investor charity since they cannot
           | be sustained indefinitely at the price point they're offered
           | (and they don't make sense if they charge more).
           | 
           | Of the actual technology I use, the vast majority has barely
           | changed in a decade. The most impressive thing I've purchased
           | in years is finally getting an RTX 3070 and that is just
           | "neat!". Anyone who remembers the release of the original
           | iPhone will instantly recognize that despite the trillions
           | spend in the tech industry, nothing quite as game changing as
           | that has come out since. Google search was also better back
           | then.
        
           | PuppyTailWags wrote:
           | I disagree current systems can turn a web search that
           | presents results in a pleasing manner. I had a horrible time
           | trying to find a specific musician's work on YouTube just
           | last night. It kept recommending me completely unrelated vids
           | as if I was browsing just to browse. It couldn't seem to
           | comprehend that even though I usually watch cute cat videos
           | today I am searching for music, even when I was exact quoting
           | the author's name.
           | 
           | I think technology has shifted from giving me what I want to
           | telling me what I want. I really dislike it.
        
             | Rury wrote:
             | I think a part of this problem is just simply a matter of
             | scale. As more and more information gets generated and
             | stored on the internet, finding the information you exactly
             | need in 3-5 words typed into a search engine at some point
             | just ceases to become probable or even possible. So search
             | engines have to predict what you want based upon the
             | limited information you give it (and does this using others
             | things such as how often something is visited, search
             | patterns, trends, and/or related promotions), and you end
             | up perceiving it as it telling you what you want.
             | 
             | Sadly giving a search engine too many words can stop it
             | from even searching, probably because that would cause a
             | scan or result in a very time and computer/resource
             | intensive search. So it doesn't even bother searching and
             | tells you it couldn't find anything.
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | The current Alexa experience is like guessing the syntax in
             | the early 90s adventure games. It's horrible :-)
        
               | bornfreddy wrote:
               | But man does it feel good when you guess correctly. :-)
        
               | Apocryphon wrote:
               | Wait, has anyone made audio interactive fiction on Alexa?
               | Sounds like a killer app for those who've played text
               | adventures.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | There is no such thing as "peak tech". There are simply
         | alternating periods of faster and slower growth, and we are
         | currently in the latter.
        
           | bobkazamakis wrote:
           | Do you think these alternative cycles are always the same
           | amplitude? or do you think maybe... we're at peak amplitude
           | of that tech growth cycle that won't be seen again without
           | another major breakthrough technology?
           | 
           | Or I guess we can just be pendantic. There are no such thing
           | as alternating periods, all periods of time are exactly the
           | same!
        
             | victor9000 wrote:
             | Ah yes... pedantic contrarianism, unsupported and bluntly
             | stated as fact, the lifeblood of HN threads.
        
           | agumonkey wrote:
           | In terms of human existence tech is overwhelmingly above the
           | average person need. It's not providing anything beside more
           | addictive paths. You don't need more resolution, more
           | bandwidth, more anything.. you probably need less, or more
           | space to reflect and live outside the networked digital
           | realm.
           | 
           | ps: to add a bit more, from the few chats I have, people are
           | either saying "well I need that to check my bank account or
           | pay taxes" or "well I need that so I can binge on netflix"
        
             | yazaddaruvala wrote:
             | > You don't need more resolution, more bandwidth, more
             | anything.. you probably need less, or more space to reflect
             | and live outside the networked digital realm.
             | 
             | Better tech is how humans (all of them - rather than the
             | few) get more space to reflect and live outside.
        
               | helmholtz wrote:
               | As _always_ , it is a question of degree. A young adult
               | in the 70s had plenty of time to reflect and live
               | outside. The technology of the preceding 50 years has not
               | made this more accessible. If anything, the slot-machine
               | nature of our computing reduces the likelihood of it.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | That's shallow. Current tech does not help. You have to
               | filter data, organize, manage bookmarks, fomo,
               | notifications, slippery software.
               | 
               | Better is subtle. Nothing is a straight line.
        
             | acchow wrote:
             | > It's not providing anything
             | 
             | The Ancient Greek philosophers used to say this about
             | writing and reading
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | jonas21 wrote:
             | > In terms of human existence tech is overwhelmingly above
             | the average person need.
             | 
             | People have been saying this about technology for as long
             | as technology has existed.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | Fair point but there are a few factors: that tool is
               | having a lot of side effects, it went from a mysterious
               | side piece of your life to a central addictive plane. I
               | can't think of any tech that backfired that much. Your
               | computer is underutilized, and its capacity is often
               | above its users intellectually. We never had tools of
               | that kind before, and I'm not sure people will feel the
               | need for more. I personally am completely off the market.
        
               | nonrandomstring wrote:
               | > People have been saying this about technology for as
               | long as technology has existed.
               | 
               | Have they? It kinda sounds "truthy" but if ever there was
               | an unfalsifiable claim that's gotta be a contender.
               | 
               | I'm no general historian but think for the most-part
               | people have enthused over and coveted technologies for
               | thousands of years.
               | 
               | With the exception of occasional religious objections to
               | "magic" it was the Luddites during the industrial
               | revolution whose first stirrings of discontent emerged.
               | 
               | Even the early critical science-fiction of H.G Wells and
               | Mary Shelley was tepid and poetic.
               | 
               | Much later, in the late 1960s, comes the first modern
               | tech-critique, and much of that is driven by affairs
               | relating to environmental and war problems, Vietnam, oil
               | crisis, DDT... way before the Internet.
               | 
               | The idea that we have a surfeit of technological
               | capability, or perhaps just too much of the wrong type,
               | seems very contemporary to me.
        
           | time_to_smile wrote:
           | There absolutely is decline in tech, largely made by market
           | demanded tradeoffs.
           | 
           | For example cell phones _still_ sound worse than land lines
           | did in the 90s. We just don 't care, and don't have a choice
           | anyway (even most landlines are ultimately going to interface
           | with a digital connection).
           | 
           | Refrigerators have more gizmos than before, but one of the
           | key features, reliability, is in decline.
           | 
           | Personal computers are increasing moving back to a client
           | server model which is absolutely a step back from where we
           | were a decade or more ago. When the services behind all the
           | billion SaaS apps we consume disappear so will the tools
           | themselves.
           | 
           | Market conditions have virtually eliminated software you
           | _own_.
           | 
           | I suspect this trend will increase dramatically over the next
           | decade where most of the devices and tools we use are
           | objectively worse than what we're using today.
        
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