[HN Gopher] Ghidra: Software reverse engineering suite developed...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Ghidra: Software reverse engineering suite developed by NSA
        
       Author : f1shy
       Score  : 74 points
       Date   : 2022-10-16 18:40 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ghidra-sre.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ghidra-sre.org)
        
       | curiousgal wrote:
       | I always chuckle when I come across this tool, ghidra reads like
       | Gdr which means "betrayal of trust" in Arabic.
        
         | boxfire wrote:
         | Which is prescient... this is a tool by the NSA after all. I
         | would be disappointed if it _wasn 't_ back-doored... Anybody
         | working on a feature-parity FOSS alternative from scratch?
        
           | lo_zamoyski wrote:
           | To what end? The risk of it being discovered is high and
           | would only cause scandal.
        
           | mikepurvis wrote:
           | What would a back door look like in a tool like this?
           | Silently returning incorrect results for certain binaries?
           | 
           | Perhaps I lack imagination but I'm having trouble picturing
           | what that could be good for or how it could even be hidden.
           | This isn't like a crypto constant that you can pretend is
           | random but secretly has known factors.
        
           | saagarjha wrote:
           | Releasing backdoored software to people who are experts in
           | finding software backdoors would definitely be a strategy
        
             | uni_rule wrote:
             | One of the strategies of all time
        
           | SXX wrote:
           | Like, come on. How it's can be back-doored if it can work
           | just fine in offline VM?
           | 
           | Also there are only small percent of specialists who even
           | know this tool exist let alone have know-how to use it. And
           | since it heavily used for mailware reverse engineering it's
           | gonna be laughtable to put any "secret backdoors and
           | exploits" in it.
           | 
           | Might be worth it as hacker contest for finding good hiring
           | candidates, but certainly not at spying attempt. No sane
           | person who able to use this software gonna run it on PC
           | containing some important secrets.
        
           | brian-armstrong wrote:
           | The source is freely available on Github. Show us where the
           | backdoor is.
        
         | lobstersammich wrote:
         | For folks who are curious, here's a translation. Scroll to the
         | bottom of the dictionary page. In the left-hand column there is
         | an entry under `gadara`:
         | https://ejtaal.net/aa/#hw4=793,ll=2323,ls=5,la=3216,sg=766,h...
        
       | soheil wrote:
       | If there is a set of organizations that would consider using this
       | tool that could be the justification for releasing it. It's a
       | tool to reverse engineer binaries so it's likely to also reverse
       | engineer whoever is foolish enough to run it in a production
       | environment against an adversary thus putting the NSA in the
       | driver's seat.
        
         | saagarjha wrote:
         | Are you familiar with how Ghidra works? You run it own your own
         | computer on a binary that you feed it. It's not like it talks
         | to the NSA to exfiltrate things.
        
           | ackbar03 wrote:
           | He's not completely wrong though, you do want to be careful
           | when your using something developed by someone like the NSA.
           | It's the same reason you want to be careful using cracked
           | versions of IDA since the guys that can crack IDA can
           | probably do other stuff to it.
           | 
           | I think thats part of the reason NSA open sourced the code
           | for it so people could see no backdoor are in there. So in
           | this particular case maybe less of a concern
        
             | saagarjha wrote:
             | The NSA would suffer reputational damage by doing this.
             | Random cracker might do so too but it's definitely a
             | different market.
        
       | rouxz wrote:
       | I'm genuinely curious if NSA opened up ghidra because of Snowden
       | or not.
        
         | anony23 wrote:
         | What's the connection?
        
           | rouxz wrote:
           | Well, the agency's reputation is not very good so we'll
           | recover by playing "it's all for great good & people" card.
        
         | SXX wrote:
         | Like any other organization NSA needs to attract talent and
         | compete for it with US corporations. Releasing Ghidra as open
         | source they solve multiple problems.
         | 
         | 1. Show everyone in reverse engineering and cybersecurity
         | community what cool toys NSA have to play with.
         | 
         | 2. Make sure there is huge pool of talent trained to work with
         | NSA tools.
         | 
         | 3. Get countless contributions towards processors /
         | architecture support, etc.
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | Yep. The NSA was solving a universal problem (nobody wants to
           | pay for IDA Pro licenses) and it makes more sense to pool
           | their efforts with the community than to divide them. That,
           | and it's also great PR. But mostly the first one, I reckon.
        
             | SXX wrote:
             | What worse before Ghidra was released it was actually damn
             | hard to even buy IDA license and I not even sure if
             | situation changed at all. I cant even imagine that someone
             | can "secretly" buy an IDA license and it obvious thing that
             | NSA would want to do.
             | 
             | I guess people who come up with conspiracy theories simply
             | don't know that all around the world there might be like
             | 10,000 good reverse engineering experts. Might be even less
             | of them. It's very small talent pool and it does make sense
             | for NSA to do everything to make hiring easier.
        
               | secondcoming wrote:
               | You can download a free version of IDA at [0]. It only
               | supports x86/x64
               | 
               | [0]https://hex-rays.com/ida-free/#download
        
           | kekebo wrote:
           | Chris Delikat presented iirc mostly practical reasons for
           | open sourcing Ghidra, like interoperability with other
           | agencies or non-government groups, at Black Hat 2019:
           | https://youtu.be/kx2xp7IQNSc?t=1838
           | 
           | If the reasons presented were actually decisive can of course
           | be questioned.
        
             | SXX wrote:
             | Okay I haven't seen this speech before. I guess we can
             | actually trust the guy who worked at NSA at time to know
             | their reason for releasing it. I mean Chris Delikat.
             | 
             | And yeah he does mention recruitment benefits on second
             | slide.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Ghidra: A software reverse engineering suite of tools developed
       | by the NSA_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27818492 -
       | July 2021 (142 comments)
       | 
       |  _Ghidra 9.2_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25086519 -
       | Nov 2020 (78 comments)
       | 
       |  _Ghidra Decompiler Analysis Engine_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19599314 - April 2019 (30
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Ghidra Capabilities - Get Your Free NSA Reverse Engineering
       | Tool [pdf]_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19319385 -
       | March 2019 (17 comments)
       | 
       |  _Ghidra, NSA 's reverse-engineering tool_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19315273 - March 2019 (405
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Ghidra_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19239727 - Feb
       | 2019 (59 comments)
       | 
       |  _NSA to Release Their Reverse Engineering Framework GHIDRA to
       | Public at RSA_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18828083 -
       | Jan 2019 (90 comments)
       | 
       | Also:
       | 
       |  _Patching an embedded synthesiser OS from 1996 with Ghidra_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=31144106 - April 2022 (32
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Analysis of large binaries and games in Ghidra-SRE_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27972308 - July 2021 (22
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Ghidra Analyzer for UEFI Firmware_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26819673 - April 2021 (23
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Legalizing gay marriage in Crusader Kings III with Ghidra_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26703404 - April 2021 (170
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Using Ghidra to Reverse Engineer Super Monkey Ball for
       | GameCube_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26315368 - March
       | 2021 (64 comments)
       | 
       |  _A first look at Ghidra's Debugger - Game Boy Advance Edition_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25553105 - Dec 2020 (14
       | comments)
       | 
       | Others?
        
         | mdaniel wrote:
         | I don't know if you exclusively meant other HN links, but these
         | are usually interesting:
         | 
         | https://github.com/AllsafeCyberSecurity/awesome-ghidra#readm...
         | (and derivatives since GH awesome lists are only as awesome as
         | PRs against them:
         | https://github.com/AllsafeCyberSecurity/awesome-ghidra/netwo...
         | )
         | 
         | https://github.com/topics/ghidra
        
       | aborsy wrote:
       | I'm curious, is it known how far the NSA goes in hacking
       | computers and phones? Is there any NSA proof setup?
       | 
       | For example, do they have a surveillance system that remotely
       | monitors or can remotely every Apple's device (they are all
       | closed source)? If small companies can do it, surely nsa does it
       | too!
       | 
       | Or a system through which they can login to anyone's account
       | linked to American companies (eg, existence of a software system
       | through which they login to anyone's Gmail or AWS account when
       | needed, without subpoena or request to those companies).
       | 
       | This basic means complete mass or targeted surveillance.
       | Encryption seems futile against such actors that can hack end
       | points easily.
        
         | YetAnotherNick wrote:
         | I would assume that NSA could totally do targeted surveillance
         | on anyone as even if we assume that NSA couldn't do anything,
         | they clearly have money and contact to buy everything from
         | Israel, which has proven technology to hack phones with 0
         | click.
         | 
         | For mass surveillance, the problem is not technical but more
         | legal. It is almost plain and clear illegal for any agency to
         | do in US to do it on all data so they have to come up with
         | loopholes for things like metadata or risk the agency.
        
           | random314 wrote:
           | Mass surveillance has been on for more than a decade. You can
           | assume that all non encrypted communication is logged.
           | Snowden's leak showed that NSA was tapping internal Google
           | fiber at the transcontinental connection points. Google
           | immediately switched to encrypted communication within
           | Google's data center.
           | 
           | https://www.eff.org/nsa-spying
           | 
           | https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-
           | security/nsa-i...
        
           | aborsy wrote:
           | The legality applies to American residents. I assume the
           | surveillance can be uncontrolled with foreign citizens.
           | 
           | This then brings up the question about intellectual property.
           | How do weaker nations protect their IP on important
           | technologies against more powerful nations such U.S. or
           | China?
           | 
           | This seems to lead to a widening information gap between
           | nations.
        
             | Quarrel wrote:
             | > The legality applies to American residents. I assume the
             | surveillance can be uncontrolled with foreign citizens.
             | 
             | This is one of the reasons the 5 eyes nations are in bed
             | together. I'll spy on you if you spy on me.
        
         | beauHD wrote:
         | Pegasus was detected by sending sample devices to Citizen
         | Lab[0]. Currently there is no known evidence of an NSA
         | 'backdoor' in iPhones, and if there is, it's very well hidden.
         | And it's not like we can't inspect traffic going in and out of
         | iPhones. If you are concerned about data being sent to Fort
         | Meade, MITM all the traffic and then blow the whistle to alert
         | others.
         | 
         | [0] https://citizenlab.ca/2022/10/new-pegasus-spyware-abuses-
         | ide...
        
       | O__________O wrote:
       | This is likely NSA's most popular repository on GitHub, but worth
       | checking out their others too:
       | 
       | - https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency
       | 
       | Prior HN coverage is here:
       | 
       | - https://hn.algolia.com/?q=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2FNationa...
       | 
       | I would be curious if anyone knows what their filter, reasoning,
       | etc - for open sourcing X vs Y. In case of Ghidra, think its
       | existence was originally revealed to the public via WikiLeaks in
       | 2017; might be wrong, but think the software was posted too --
       | for sure though was open sourced two years later in 2019.
        
         | Quarrel wrote:
         | If their reasoning was to spur on development in the reverse
         | engineering space they've done amazing things by releasing
         | this.
         | 
         | The obvious step 1) Lots of people use & improve ghidra, write
         | plugins etc. It is good now, but in 5 years it could be best in
         | class.
         | 
         | step 2) their biggest & bestest competitor IDA has massively
         | accelerated the rate of their development, engagement &
         | community responsiveness. IDA was this slow moving dinosaur
         | that had good ideas and people that has been poked to life by a
         | proper competitor.
         | 
         | If the NSA wants a robust RE scene, with experience engineers
         | and good tools, then I think they've done themselves a massive
         | favour by releasing and stewarding the development of ghidra as
         | an OSS tool.
        
           | jdm2212 wrote:
           | Ghidra was already best-in-class, and the goal isn't to build
           | a community around Ghidra -- it's to spur recruiting by
           | giving people a taste of how far ahead the NSA is of what's
           | commercially available. If this is what they can give away
           | for free, imagine what you can use if you go work there.
        
             | Quarrel wrote:
             | What are you using it for that you think it is best in
             | class?
             | 
             | For everything I use it for IDA is still well ahead.
             | 
             | I only do x86 work, so maybe in other areas, but I doubt
             | it? The decompiler is getting better, but still has quite a
             | ways to go, the plugin support is way behind, etc etc.
        
               | mdaniel wrote:
               | Maybe they meant the class of open source reverse
               | engineering tools
               | 
               | Just as others have mentioned, it can be problematic to
               | even _buy_ IDA Pro, so if Jane Haqor is able to get
               | started with Ghidra and then develops a passion for the
               | space, then that makes Ghidra best for that class, also
        
         | jdm2212 wrote:
         | They open source stuff that is no longer a differentiated
         | capability (hence no harm in releasing it to the public), and
         | the goal is recruiting. Same as any tech company that open
         | sources projects because it'll attract positive attention from
         | hiring prospects.
        
         | beauHD wrote:
         | > I would be curious if anyone knows what their filter,
         | reasoning, etc - for open sourcing X vs Y.
         | 
         | NSA is both red team and blue team. This is a blue team tool
         | used by reverse engineers to analyze malware, so it was NSA's
         | little gift to researchers, an agency known for hoarding
         | secrets for our 'security'.
        
           | jasonladuke0311 wrote:
           | > This is a blue team tool used by reverse engineers to
           | analyze malware
           | 
           | It's also a red team tool for binary exploitation.
           | 
           | EDIT: The cynic in me posits it was used far more for exploit
           | development than for analyzing malware, unless that had
           | offensive applications too. But I don't know anything, I
           | never worked there.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-10-16 23:01 UTC)