[HN Gopher] Rent going up? One company's algorithm could be why
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       Rent going up? One company's algorithm could be why
        
       Author : ingve
       Score  : 144 points
       Date   : 2022-10-16 15:46 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.propublica.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.propublica.org)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | anm89 wrote:
       | Definitely not a decade and a half of virtually free money and
       | endless liquidity that encouraged people to chases returns
       | outside of stocks and bonds.
       | 
       | No, it's those blasted algorithms.
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | That's basically price fixing by a third party.
        
       | hammock wrote:
       | I lived in one or two of these Greystar, etc buildings that used
       | this software. They are expensive buildings. You can negotiate if
       | you find the right people though (99% won't be able to do this),
       | it is rare and difficult.
        
       | setgree wrote:
       | This reminds me of management consulting.
       | 
       | The consultants come in, recommend you fire 10% of your
       | workforce, and when you pull the trigger you say, sorry McKinsey
       | made me do it! Likewise, the recommendations made by the software
       | are non-binding, but if pushed you say "well the algorithm said
       | so..."
       | 
       | In either case, it's the c-suite/property manager making the
       | call. But it seems that we like a measure of distance between
       | ourselves and unpleasant decisions. The algorithm/well-groomed
       | 20-somethings provide a kind of plausible deniability.
       | 
       | The answer is, of course, a ton more housing.
        
         | PinesOfRome wrote:
         | In, fire 30% of the workforce, new logo, boom! Out. You are now
         | a fully trained management consultant.
        
         | HideousKojima wrote:
        
           | richbell wrote:
           | While I don't know your intentions behind this comment, I'll
           | add that high immigration is a core policy in places like
           | Canada explicitly so they don't have to solve any problems
           | around labour or financial policy. Skilled immigrants tend to
           | have lots of money to spend and no debt; unskilled immigrants
           | are exploited in schemes where they work below minimum wage
           | at menial jobs (e.g., https://financialpost.com/news/retail-
           | marketing/foreign-work... or
           | https://jacobin.com/2021/12/coffee-chain-fast-food-labor-
           | pay...).
           | 
           | I used to work for a government employment centre. It was
           | depressing how many highly educated people emigrated to
           | Canada for promises of a better life and ended up driving
           | Ubers because they were mislead about earning potential or
           | education equivalency.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | dang wrote:
           | " _Eschew flamebait. Avoid generic tangents._ "
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
             | Vt71fcAqt7 wrote:
             | Is it flaimbait to discuss demand in a discussion about
             | supply?
        
       | whywhywhydude wrote:
       | Wow, this is a brazen price collusion. No doubt about it. Using
       | private data to fix prices and asking landlords to keep units
       | vacant rather than decrease rents.
        
         | boole1854 wrote:
         | I'm not sure it's so clear. "Using private data" to set prices
         | is hardly nefarious on its own, even if the result is higher
         | prices. After all, "price stickiness" is a well known phenomena
         | in the economics literature (and it can lead to sub-optimal
         | allocation of resources). Maybe this is just a way to make
         | prices less sticky.
         | 
         | On the other hand, if the system recommends keeping units
         | vacant, that does start to suggest that it is enabling
         | landowners to take advantage of monopolistic pricing power. Yet
         | higher vacancy rates could actually be socially optimal as
         | well. A similar phenomena occurs in the movie theater business.
         | Theater owners often price tickets such that the "vacancy"
         | rates (empty seats) are quite high. However, a law that
         | required pricing tickets low enough to fill all seats would
         | reduce the return on equity in the industry so much that
         | investment in the theater industry would plummet, vastly
         | reducing the number of theater seats available available to
         | fill consumer demand in the medium to long term.
        
           | jeffbee wrote:
           | If the software allows them to take advantage of their supply
           | monopoly, the software is not the problem. It's the lack of
           | competition. Every housing discussion boils down to this: the
           | black/grey stone/star/rock REITs are in this space because
           | local governments have rigged the game to favor them. If the
           | governments start rubber-stamping developer permits, the
           | REITs will get their faces ripped off.
        
           | wjnc wrote:
           | Different companies using the same AI for pricing support
           | purposes could easily tip into illegal practices if there is
           | a feedback loop from company to model. That's just plain old
           | collusion via a middleman.
           | 
           | Lo and behold:
           | 
           | "To arrive at a recommended rent, the software deploys an
           | algorithm -- a set of mathematical rules -- to analyze a
           | trove of data RealPage gathers from clients, including
           | private information on what nearby competitors charge."
           | 
           | Dark times if the FTC isn't picking this up.
        
             | boole1854 wrote:
             | > Different companies using the same AI for pricing support
             | purposes could easily tip into illegal practices if there
             | is a feedback loop from company to model.
             | 
             | While there are anti-competitive concerns with this kind of
             | system, one of the points I was trying to make is that a
             | problem requires more than there be simply a 'feedback
             | loop'.
             | 
             | Even in a market with 'perfect' competition, there can be
             | feedback loops: e.g., an individual farmer might price
             | their grain by checking the current market price which is
             | tracked by a third party, and that third party determines
             | the 'current market price' by querying the prices set by
             | all farmers. The reason this isn't necessarily anti-
             | competitive and can be compatible with 'perfect'
             | competition is due to the other characteristics of the
             | market (all participants are price takers, etc), not due to
             | a lack of coordination between producing firms and market
             | analytics firms.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | I'd also add that this is going to fuel the importance of
             | explainability in these systems. Even if your motives are
             | completely fair, not being able to say why the system
             | produced a particular output can look really bad in court.
             | There isn't an easy way to distinguish "they have no idea
             | how this AI system works" from "they built it to avoid
             | leaving a paper trail".
        
           | ranman wrote:
           | You can't reasonably compare a housing vacancy tax with a
           | hyperbolic straw man argument of a theater. It's not a
           | similar phenomena at all, because it doesn't happen.
        
             | boole1854 wrote:
             | I didn't bring up housing vacancy taxes, let alone compare
             | them with anything else. I was making a point about the
             | known limitations of the theory of perfect competition.
        
         | PaywallBuster wrote:
         | It's just information
         | 
         | It's up to the landlord to negotiate based on his individual
         | situation (condition of the unit, demographics, furniture, etc)
         | 
         | Not different from a company asking for "market data" regarding
         | salaries and use that to _guide_ their salary offers to new
         | candidates
         | 
         | In the end the company will adjust their recommendation based
         | on results/feedback from candidates (some companies could be
         | popular/well liked and get away with lower compensation, and
         | vice versa)
        
           | tchaffee wrote:
           | All collusion is "just information".
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | It's illegal for competitors to get together and agree to a price
       | floor but it's apparently not illegal to do so through a
       | middleman. I guess housing is so inelastic that you can turn the
       | screws and even let units stand empty to keep artificially high
       | prices.
        
       | deviantbit wrote:
       | "The beauty of YieldStar is that it pushes you to go places that
       | you wouldn't have gone if you weren't using it," said Kortney
       | Balas, director of revenue management at JVM Realty"
       | 
       | What she really means, is she would have never imagined sucking
       | every penny out of you, until she got a hold of their software.
       | They get filthy rich, while you need a place to live, and they
       | generate excess profits on false supply and demand models.
       | 
       | Where I live, we have 60% occupancy, but the area is priced
       | beyond anything reasonable. $2500 a month for a studio is nuts.
       | Now we're getting a renters tax from the city. Joy.
        
       | codekansas wrote:
       | For the past few months I've been in a somewhat unusual housing
       | situation. My wife is a medical resident in NYC, and the hospital
       | system she works for is quite large and owns a lot of NYC
       | property. They offer their employees subsidized housing at
       | greatly reduced rates (meaning, an 1100 sq. ft. Manhattan
       | apartment for $2300 a month). It has a "company town" feel, but
       | it has been great for us, and the incentives seem like they're
       | aligned in this case - employers have an incentive against being
       | extractive because it reduces their employees' effective
       | compensation. The residency program is 7 years which means we're
       | stuck here anyway, and we don't have to worry too much about
       | about her being fired or wanting to find a new job. In a
       | competitive labor market like tech / finance / medicine it seems
       | like employer-subsidized housing isn't a terrible idea, and is an
       | alternative to just relocating corporate offices to a lower CoL
       | area.
        
         | cced wrote:
         | > it seems like employer-subsidized housing isn't a terrible
         | idea, and is an alternative to just relocating corporate
         | offices to a lower CoL area.
         | 
         | Would this be in a way similar to how we've tied health care to
         | employer-based insurance? If so, I'm not sure I'd want to be in
         | a position where my employer subsidizing my housing makes it
         | difficult to leave said employer for better opportunities or,
         | god forbid, you lose your job and then home subsidy.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | I think it makes sense in some cases and hospital residency
           | is one. It's a temporary position (even if temporary is 7
           | years), often where the employee has limited influence on the
           | location. They're likely to have lived somewhere else before
           | taking the position, and will live somewhere else after the
           | position. There are existing strong incentives to not move
           | jobs during residency, so an additional one won't hurt too
           | much.
        
       | mattkrause wrote:
       | 'Such agents sometimes hesitated to push rents higher. Roper said
       | they were often peers of the people they were renting to. "We
       | said there's way too much empathy going on here," he said. "This
       | is one of the reasons we wanted to get pricing off-site."'
       | 
       | Yikes!
        
         | IAmGraydon wrote:
         | Yeah many of the quotes in this article are straight out of the
         | psychopath textbook. These are the worst kind of people, and
         | unfortunately capitalism breeds them. It's a system where
         | ethics is a weakness.
        
           | nickpp wrote:
           | You should see the kind of people communism breeds then. An
           | army of them is busy right now raping and pillaging a
           | peaceful country while their leader is keeping the world
           | hostage with nuclear threats.
        
             | dang wrote:
             | Please don't post ideological flamewar comments to HN. It
             | leads to flamewar hell, an information-free entropic state
             | that we're trying to avoid here.
             | 
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Please don't post ideological flamewar comments to HN. It
           | leads to flamewar hell, an information-free entropic state
           | that we're trying to avoid here.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
           | armatav wrote:
           | It's a system where relentless money printing cripples it by
           | forcing that perspective. You need to gamble in order to keep
           | your shirt, or you need to raise prices.
           | 
           | Simple solution is not to print money. Capitalism is not the
           | problem.
        
             | JoBrad wrote:
             | Re-wording so it doesn't sound like I'm trolling.
             | 
             | Commodity and housing prices have had steep price increases
             | well before central banks printed money excessively.
        
             | svnpenn wrote:
             | I totally agree. Apple makes $300 billion in revenue a
             | year, they are barely keeping their shirt!
        
               | armatav wrote:
               | Apple's not a single dude working for $40 an hour into
               | his broken savings account last time I checked.
               | 
               | Downvote it all you want, money printing is the issue -
               | not "capitalism". Sound money eliminates this problem.
        
               | svnpenn wrote:
               | You are totally right. Companies would never do stuff
               | like using handouts on stock buybacks instead of workers
               | right? Right?
        
             | carlivar wrote:
             | I agree. As an exercise, consider who has more impact over
             | your life: Joseph Biden or Jay Powell?
        
           | Gibbon1 wrote:
           | Rentier Capitalism rewards sociopathy.
        
       | ghufran_syed wrote:
       | This whole discussion seems to miss the point that sellers
       | _always_ want to sell for as much as they can, and buyers
       | _always_ want to pay as little as they can. If the price goes too
       | high, buyer 's won't buy. You could get the same effect by having
       | an auction every month for all the units that would be available
       | in the next month - the price would still rise, but then you
       | could blame the other buyers for "overbidding"
       | 
       | The optimal price for a seller is always "whatever the market
       | will bear" - which we don't like the sound of it's a big "evil"
       | corporation. But if any of us as individuals were selling a car
       | for example, and some software would help us maximize the sale
       | price, we would gladly use it - I don't see how the seller has a
       | moral duty to take _less_ money, same as the buyer has no moral
       | duty to pay _more_
        
         | SantalBlush wrote:
         | And you seem to be missing the point that this article is
         | discussing a cartel created via a middleman; they are
         | restricting the quantity supplied, not just setting their
         | prices individually.
        
         | routerl wrote:
         | That's... not how markets work...
         | 
         | Discounts are often given to build relationships: Gillette
         | razor handles are sold at a loss, so you'll keep buying
         | Gillette razors; my loyal mechanic is willing to sell me a used
         | car at a smaller than maximum profit, since he knows I'll come
         | to him for service; I'm willing to sell my labor for less than
         | the maximum, in order to work on an exciting project that will
         | greatly advance my career.
         | 
         | Short-term profit is often the enemy of long-term
         | profitability.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | That only works if the buyer has the option to not buy ;)
        
           | creato wrote:
           | Which is the case because there is not enough housing being
           | built. That's the real issue.
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | The buyer in this case is the renter. The seller is the
             | landlord.
             | 
             | Looking for a lower price implies relocating which tends to
             | have a huge cost. So it's not a free market.
        
         | mtgx wrote:
        
         | malikNF wrote:
         | Thing is, we are talking about housing here. A basic necessity
         | for everyone. I can live without a car, I can live without that
         | expensive new_shiny_toy_of_the_month but housing is something
         | that's vital, it has the ability to impact so many aspects of
         | my life.
         | 
         | So the whole debate here, as far as I understand is, how
         | ethical is all this. Is it ethical to squeeze every last cent
         | out of a person looking to house themselves and their family?
        
           | colinmhayes wrote:
           | What's unethical is not building enough housing to affordable
           | house everyone.
        
             | jfghi wrote:
             | I'd claim it's more complicated as large groups could
             | purchase said housing, and by intentionally introducing a
             | certain amount of vacancy create enough of a shortage such
             | that the rest of the portfolio becomes more expensive and
             | "profitable"
        
       | ok_dad wrote:
       | Anyone involved with this type of business should be ashamed of
       | themselves. This is a absolutely disgusting collusion of literal
       | rent seekers.
       | 
       | I can't wait until "you'll own nothing and like it" happens, so
       | we can see a real revolution. People won't stand for this, right?
        
       | p4coder wrote:
       | Rent increase has been one of the biggest contributor to core
       | inflation [0]. That has caused fed to raised interest rate at a
       | rapid clip and cause the market crash. So is an algorithm
       | responsible for the blood on wall st?
       | 
       | [0] https://www.corelogic.com/intelligence/the-role-of-rent-
       | in-i...
        
         | thunky wrote:
        
           | toiletfuneral wrote:
        
           | richbell wrote:
           | > Bottom line is that this service is not responsible for
           | higher rents, the market is.
           | 
           | This service is directly and indirectly responsible for
           | landlord's increasing rent for their tenants. Blaming "the
           | market" is a convenient way to cast blame away from people
           | responsible onto a nebulous concept.
           | 
           | Companies like Zillow use software based on "the market" to
           | determine housing prices. But for all intents and purposes
           | they are responsible for driving up housing prices based on
           | actions informed by their software, because _their actions
           | directly influence "the market"_.
        
             | defterGoose wrote:
             | This is what so many "free market" hawks tend to
             | misunderstand. The market is not an acyclic network, but is
             | still strongly ordered in its power imbalance.
             | 
             | 'The world is in greater peril from those who tolerate or
             | encourage evil than from those who actually commit it.'
             | -Albert Einstein
        
               | thunky wrote:
               | If the "free market" isn't good enough for you here, what
               | are you suggesting is the solution? Banning software that
               | analyzes market data if the output may result in pricing
               | adjustments?
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | There isn't a single "free market" and this one isn't
               | particularly free since there's hefty information
               | asymmetry and buyers typically have much lower
               | negotiating power (you must have somewhere to live this
               | month; a landlord can often leave a place idle for months
               | holding out for a higher offer, especially if AirBnB is
               | an option).
               | 
               | Mainstream economic consensus for ages has been that
               | markets need some regulation to work most effectively and
               | that's especially true for a basic human need like
               | housing which controls how healthy the overall community
               | is.
               | 
               | Some obvious things to regulate here could be mandatory
               | disclosure of sources used to justify increases, annual
               | rate caps, requiring amounts over a certain threshold to
               | be itemized and temporary (i.e. if the building includes
               | heat & oil costs spiked require the owner to show that
               | the price they actually paid went up & don't raise the
               | rent permanently since it'll come back down).
        
               | baggy_trough wrote:
               | Mainstream economic consensus would be that your
               | proposals are very bad ideas.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | Why?
        
               | baggy_trough wrote:
               | Because they add deadweight loss to the economy by
               | interfering with price signals and raising transaction
               | costs.
        
               | thunky wrote:
               | > a landlord can often leave a place idle for months
               | holding out for a higher offer, especially if AirBnB is
               | an option
               | 
               | I guess they can, but they are running a business and
               | their goal is to make money, so they'll eventually take
               | what they can get.
               | 
               | And remember it works both ways. It doesn't seem like it
               | now, but sometimes, in some markets, it's hard for
               | landlords to attract tenants. I have serious doubts that
               | regulation or any other form of intervention on pricing
               | would have anything but unintended consequences, in some
               | cases leading to the exact problem you're trying to
               | prevent:
               | 
               | https://www.americanexperiment.org/new-york-landlords-
               | are-ke...
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | > I guess they can, but they are running a business and
               | their goal is to make money, so they'll eventually take
               | what they can get.
               | 
               | Oh, sure but the point is just that the market dynamics
               | favor sellers pretty strongly. For example, how much does
               | the hassle of moving or leaving a neighborhood deter the
               | kind of negotiation which would normally be key to
               | keeping a market stable?
               | 
               | Note also that regulation doesn't need to directly
               | control pricing to make a difference. Since information
               | asymmetry is a lot of the problem here, increased
               | transparency could help improve the situation and give
               | people better negotiating positions (e.g. if a building
               | owner is profitable at 30% less than asking for all of
               | the current leases, you can probably negotiate better
               | with that information than if you don't have it)
        
             | thunky wrote:
             | > actions informed by their software
             | 
             | Yes, _informed_. The output of this software, and Zillow 's
             | algorithms, is only _information_ that still needs to be
             | applied to the real world ( "the market"). The algorithms
             | just provide information that wasn't as easy to access
             | before.
             | 
             | It's like saying that Google is responsible for higher
             | rents/prices because it allows landlords/homeowners to
             | easily access and analyze market data. I don't think so.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > Yes, informed. The output of this software, and
               | Zillow's algorithms, is only information that still needs
               | to be applied to the real world ("the market"). The
               | algorithms just provide information that wasn't as easy
               | to access before.
               | 
               | Who verifies that the algorithm is correct? Who is
               | culpable if the algorithm is flawed or applied
               | incorrectly? If GreyStar or Zillow realized their
               | algorithms were significantly inflating values, would
               | there be any incentive to correct it without regulation?
               | 
               | > It's like saying that Google is responsible for higher
               | rents/prices because it allows landlords/homeowners to
               | easily access and analyze market data. I don't think so.
               | 
               | Except that information isn't readily available and
               | easily accessible on Google (in many jurisdictios). It's
               | locked away behind pricey subscriptions to vendor
               | products. In the case of YieldStar it means that tenants
               | cannot fairly negotiate because they don't know what a
               | reasonable price is.
        
               | thunky wrote:
               | > Who verifies that the algorithm is correct?
               | 
               | You're not going to like this answer, but...the market
               | does.
               | 
               | The point is that no software has to power to force
               | tenants to pay higher than market rents.
               | 
               | edit to add:
               | 
               | > In the case of YieldStar it means that tenants cannot
               | fairly negotiate because they don't know what a
               | reasonable price is.
               | 
               | If that's the case, then the landlords could save the
               | money they're spending on YieldStar and just set the high
               | prices already. They could use their own proprietary "I
               | want more money" algorithm, and the tenant would have no
               | choice but to pay whatever number the landlord popped out
               | of their head.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > You're not going to like this answer, but...the market
               | does.
               | 
               | In other words, nobody is culpable and the people with
               | money and resources are able to exploit those below them
               | with impunity.
               | 
               | > The point is that no software has to power to force
               | tenants to pay higher than market rents.
               | 
               | Sure it does.
               | 
               | Having a roof over your head is a fundamental need and
               | people are willing to do a lot to avoid homelessness. If
               | your landlord says to you "rent is going up $500 a month"
               | and you're already struggling financially, uprooting your
               | family is a serious personal and financial hardship many
               | people try to avoid, even if that means giving up basic
               | luxuries.
               | 
               | Not to mention that corporate landlords can absolutely
               | abuse their power to drive prices across an area. We
               | aren't just talking about individual landlords -- though
               | even individuals can still own dozens of properties.
        
               | thunky wrote:
               | If I have a friend that owns a rental property, and I
               | tell her: "you're only charging $1k for rent? you could
               | get $2k easily". Am I helping her exploit her tenant? Now
               | what if she owns 10 rentals? 1,000? 10,000?
               | 
               | I think we probably just need to agree to disagree that
               | this is a form of exploitation.
               | 
               | Now if there is actual price fixing or collusion going
               | on, that's another matter.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > If I have a friend that owns a rental property, and I
               | tell her: "you're only charging $1k for rent? you could
               | get $2k easily". Am I helping her exploit her tenant? Now
               | what if she owns 10 rentals? 1,000? 10,000?
               | 
               | > ...
               | 
               | > Now if there is actual price fixing or collusion going
               | on, that's another matter.
               | 
               | If your friend owns 10,000 rentals and sets prices
               | unilaterally, thats blatantly anti-consumer if not
               | monopolistic. Shelter is a basic need and people will pay
               | as much as they can to keep a roof over their heads,
               | until they reach the breaking point.
               | 
               | If you have several friends that control a sizable amount
               | of the housing supply in an area and they agree to charge
               | a certain amount and artificially limit the availabile
               | supply, that seems like price fixing to me. Doesn't
               | matter if you have three friends or three hundred
               | friends.
               | 
               | ) When competitors collude, prices are inflated and the
               | customer is cheated.
               | 
               | https://www.justice.gov/atr/file/810261/download#:~:text=
               | Whe....
               | 
               | In either case, the prices are inflated and people are
               | being cheated.
        
               | thunky wrote:
               | > If your friend owns 10,000 rentals and sets prices
               | unilaterally, thats blatantly anti-consumer if not
               | monopolistic.
               | 
               | In my example, the friend is only "fixing" the rent in
               | the sense that it was broken (artificially low) before. I
               | didn't say she controlled the entire supply of housing in
               | the area, and I didn't say she was setting rents
               | artificially high. I don't see a crime.
               | 
               | For some reason you're assuming that anytime rent is
               | raised it's a violation of the tenant's rights.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > In my example, the friend is only "fixing" the rent in
               | the sense that it was broken (artificially low) before
               | ... For some reason you're assuming that anytime rent is
               | raised it's a violation of the tenant's rights.
               | 
               | Artificially low according to what metric -- that people
               | are only paying 30-50% of their income towards housing?
               | People are willing to pay a lot for housing because they
               | often _have to_. I consider it highly unethical to frame
               | squeezing as much money out of people for shelter as
               | "[taking] away the tenant's ability to exploit an
               | inefficiency in market pricing." Inequality, reliance on
               | food shelters, and homelessness were already bad enough
               | before 2020 and have only gotten significantly worse.
               | 
               | Not to mention that many people who would have been able
               | to purchase homes are unable to do so because of large
               | capital groups or investors purchasing large swathes of
               | homes, significantly driving up the costs, and then
               | renting out that supply at inflated rates or converting
               | them to short-term rentals. It benefits no one except
               | those who are already wealthy.
               | 
               | > I didn't say she controlled the entire supply of
               | housing in the area, and I didn't say she was setting
               | rents artificially high.
               | 
               | In fairness you provided 1,000 and 10,000 as examples of
               | the number of rentals she might own.
               | 
               | Regardless, 1k to 2k is a significant jump in rent and
               | there's likely important context beyond the numbers. A
               | real world example I'm familiar with is people moving
               | from a big city to a small town. Is it unethical or
               | criminal for the rent to jump from 1k to 2k if people are
               | willing to pay for it? Not necessarily. But doing so
               | tends to price out people who actually grew up in that
               | town, especially people with lower or fixed incomes,
               | leading to a strain on social systems and homelessness.
        
               | thunky wrote:
               | > I consider it highly unethical to frame squeezing as
               | much money out of people for shelter as "[taking] away
               | the tenant's ability to exploit an inefficiency in market
               | pricing"
               | 
               | Maybe I shouldn't have used the word _exploit_. I didn 't
               | mean that the tenant is cheating the landlord, I just
               | meant that there is an inefficiency in the market and the
               | tenant is able to use it to their advantage.
               | 
               | Rents, like house prices, do have a fair market value.
               | Buyers and sellers are constantly engaging in
               | negotiations every day in order to set prices on the
               | whole. If software helps the buyer or seller negotiate
               | more effectively, that's fine by me.
               | 
               | I don't disagree with you that it's become much more
               | difficult for people to afford housing and other
               | necessities. It's a huge problem. And I think you're on
               | the right track when you mention large investors buying
               | investment property. I wouldn't be opposed to limiting
               | foreign investment. Crossing my fingers that with rates
               | finally rising, housing/rental investment becomes less
               | attractive and the market comes back down to earth and
               | rents come down with it.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > Maybe I shouldn't have used the word exploit. I didn't
               | mean that the tenant is cheating the landlord, I just
               | meant that there is an inefficiency in the market and the
               | tenant is able to use it to their advantage.
               | 
               | And that's a fair point -- I just think that "the market"
               | tends to be a harmful concept for basic needs like
               | housing, especially when there are controlling interests
               | whose sole motivation is to maximize profit. I have an
               | inherent distrust of software (https://xkcd.com/2030/),
               | and the fact that programs like YieldStar rely on
               | proprietary formulations and non-public data (or at least
               | data that isn't possible for the average person to
               | reasonably acquire on their own) means you are trusting
               | them to provide a fair valuation when there's a bit of a
               | conflict of interest for them not to. "The market" has
               | been a pretty poor regulatory of corporate malfeasance.
               | 
               | Short-term profit is usually at the cost of longevity. In
               | the case of housing, there is a difficult to quantify
               | 'human cost'. People are generally healthier, more
               | productive, and contribute more to their local economy
               | when they aren't stressed and experiencing financial
               | hardship.
               | 
               | But I digress. I think we both understand each other,
               | agree on a few things, and disagree on others.
               | 
               | > And I think you're on the right track when you mention
               | large investors buying investment property.
               | 
               | Rates rising has definitely cooled the market in my city,
               | albeit prices are still at least 100k over where they
               | were even a year ago. I worry though that the recession
               | we may or may not already be in will simply be an
               | opportunity for big players to swoop in and buy even more
               | supply.
               | 
               | I don't really see things improving without significant
               | changes to things like zoning laws, short-term rentals,
               | and limiting mass-ownership of property (so new supply
               | actually goes to buyers and not speculators).
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | So, why don't landlords just double the rent? Heck, why not
             | triple it?
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > So, why don't landlords just double the rent? Heck, why
               | not triple it?
               | 
               | I'm not sure where you're from but the rent in my area
               | HAS more than doubled in the past few years.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Since the market is inelastic, and landlords can charge
               | whatever they want, make it 10x.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > Since the market is inelastic, and landlords can charge
               | whatever they want, make it 10x.
               | 
               | They'll get there, slowly and steadily.
               | 
               | You obviously cannot snap your finger and raise the rent
               | 10x in an instant. You have to boil the frog slowly, by
               | continuously buying up properties and raise rents
               | considerably every year, especially for new tenants. In
               | my city the overwhelming majority of residential
               | apartments are owned by a single private company.
               | 
               | This is an especially profitable venture with trailer
               | parks, which don't have as many pesky tenant rights or
               | protections. E.g.,
               | https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/03/15/what-
               | happens-w...
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > You obviously cannot snap your finger and raise the
               | rent 10x in an instant.
               | 
               | Why not? Demand is inelastic, and people will be forced
               | to pay it. Right?
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > Why not? Demand is inelastic, and people will be forced
               | to pay it. Right?
               | 
               | You're clearly not engaging in good faith so continuing
               | this discussion would be pointless.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Is your point that Supply & Demand set prices or not?
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > Is your point that Supply & Demand are actually in
               | play?
               | 
               | I never claimed they weren't. However, there are a
               | significant number of external factors that you refuse to
               | acknowledge, like government regulations specifically
               | enacted to protect tenants from this type of
               | exploitation.
               | 
               | You initially said "why not just raise the price 2x or
               | 3x!", when I pointed out that this was happening you
               | moved the goal posts to "why not raise the price 10x!" I
               | am not interested in engaging with snide 'gotcha!' games.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | richbell> Blaming "the market" is a convenient way to
               | cast blame away from people responsible onto a nebulous
               | concept.
               | 
               | That sounds like a rejection of Supply & Demand forces.
               | 
               | > However, there are a significant number of external
               | factors that you refuse to acknowledge, like government
               | regulations specifically enacted to protect tenants from
               | this type of exploitation.
               | 
               | All that does is make for higher rents and lower supply.
        
               | KerrAvon wrote:
               | I think you're missing the point. Let me try this:
               | there's a tipping point where you have 50% occupancy and
               | charge $x0,000 for 500 sq ft and make just as much money
               | as you would at 100% occupancy with a charge of $x000.
               | The difference between these two is in the latter
               | scenario, some people have no place to live because they
               | can't afford the $x0,000. The owner corporation doesn't
               | care, they make just as much money either way.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Airlines discount tickets at the last minute. That's
               | because flying an empty seat around doesn't make any
               | money.
               | 
               | Magazines sell ad space at a steep discount the day
               | before it goes to press. Same reason.
               | 
               | Stores have clearance sales. Again, same reason.
               | 
               | And so on. No landlord in his right mind would leave half
               | a building vacant if he can get a paying tenant in.
        
               | richbell wrote:
               | > Airlines discount tickets at the last minute. That's
               | because flying an empty seat around doesn't make any
               | money.
               | 
               | > Magazines sell ad space at a steep discount the day
               | before it goes to press. Same reason.
               | 
               | > Stores have clearance sales. Again, same reason.
               | 
               | You did not acknowledge or address KerrAvon's point at
               | all.
               | 
               | > And so on. No landlord in his right mind would leave
               | half a building vacant if he can get a paying tenant in.
               | 
               | Of course they would, and both KerrAvon and TFA explain
               | why:
               | 
               | ) The company had been seeking occupancy levels of 97% or
               | 98% in markets where it was a leader, Winn said. But when
               | it began using YieldStar, managers saw that raising rents
               | and leaving some apartments vacant made more money.
               | 
               | ) "Initially, it was very hard for executives to accept
               | that they could operate at 94% or 96% and achieve a
               | higher NOI by increasing rents," Winn said on the call,
               | referring to net operating income. The company "began
               | utilizing RealPage to operate at 95%, while seeing
               | revenue increases of 3% to 4%."
               | 
               | Plenty of companies avoid large sales or clearances as a
               | policy because it damages their ability to sell at
               | inflated rates.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | > You did not acknowledge or address KerrAvon's point at
               | all.
               | 
               | Sure I did. Leaving 50% vacant is leaving a lot of money
               | on the table.
        
           | pa7ch wrote:
           | So the ever nebulous market is the problem. What regulation
           | do we advocate to stop these bottom feeders from hurting the
           | entire US economy? Rent control doesn't seem adequate and
           | causes other problems. I honestly don't know the answer but
           | people making massive profits on rent seems like a major
           | inefficiency and inequality problem.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | If the profits are above the usual profits, you can usually
             | point to government interference causing supply shortages.
        
               | pa7ch wrote:
               | Sure thats part of the problem, but its convenient to lay
               | this as generic government interference when we know its
               | usually the real estate owners who collude or make up
               | parts of local government to achieve this interference.
               | Stopping this regulatory capture seems to be a
               | prerequisite for most good social change.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Regulatory capture is still the government doing it, not
               | the market.
               | 
               | Government will always abuse its power, the idea is to
               | give it as little as practical.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | which part of the multi-hundred laws, regulations, taxes
               | and discretionary decision making is "interference" and
               | which part is.. you know, having government with laws? I
               | suggest that the implication here is that a local feudal
               | lord is the correct form of governance.. it was for a
               | thousand years.. that's what you imply, really
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Interference is things like preventing new construction.
               | Other things are unreasonable burdens local government
               | tends to put on landlords, which always result in higher
               | rents.
               | 
               | For example, in Seattle, the landlord cannot charge a
               | tenant for damage to the unit if the damage is the result
               | of domestic violence.
        
           | axiolite wrote:
           | > A landlord can only get the amount of rent that a tenant is
           | willing to pay.
           | 
           | A place to live is a rather inelastic commodity. If the price
           | goes up across the board, people will pay, until they can't
           | possibly afford the going rent and are driven into
           | homelessness.
           | 
           | > this service is not responsible for higher rents, the
           | market is. This service has effectively _cornered_ the
           | market, and is manipulating the market through shortages,
           | driving rents higher.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | > A place to live is a rather inelastic commodity.
             | 
             | People always say this when prices are going up. Then
             | prices go down, like in 2008.
             | 
             | The thing is, it is elastic. For example, people get
             | roommates to split the rent. They get larger or smaller
             | places based on their willingness to pay. More convenient
             | or less convenient. More or less amenities.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Here's what that looks like on the history: 2008 caused a
               | brief flattening but it's clear why people are talking
               | about rent going up because that's what it has
               | overwhelmingly done.
               | 
               | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CUSR0000SEHA
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Rents also went down in San Francisco during the
               | pandemic. Something that the people on HN wrote could
               | never happen :-)
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Oh, no argument - but for how long relative to the time
               | they have been going up? I wouldn't say they never go
               | down but there's been a pronounced trend for ages. I
               | bought a house relatively early (thanks dotcom bubble!)
               | and was constantly reminded of how much extra income I
               | had relative to my friends who were renting, and that
               | really adds up over the decades where people in decent
               | jobs were struggling to amass down payments.
        
               | WalterBright wrote:
               | Housing tends to go up over time due to inflation,
               | government regulation, and increasing population
               | competing for the same housing stock.
               | 
               | Housing in many rural areas has stagnated, because people
               | don't want to live there.
        
           | masterjack wrote:
           | It's true, but it's not like other markets where someone can
           | choose not to buy and additional sellers can come in, to make
           | sure that prices are in some ways tied to costs. Here,
           | everybody has to live somewhere, so by default you have a
           | "naked short" position on housing. Efficient price discovery
           | here is performing a short squeeze and finding the point of
           | "maximum you can afford to pay without going broke", which is
           | only possible to reach with price collusion.
        
             | thunky wrote:
             | I think you're ignoring something important: competition.
             | 
             | Your statement would only be true if all rental properties
             | were owned by a single entity or small number of colluding
             | entities.
             | 
             | But in reality there is no such thing, and competition for
             | tenants puts a downward pressure on market rents.
        
               | masterjack wrote:
               | True, but that's the interesting thing about these kinds
               | of algorithms, they align the pricing approaches so the
               | entities act more like one than they did before,
               | effectively decreasing competition.
        
               | thunky wrote:
               | I would say that pricing approaches are already aligned,
               | and this software is just another approach that may or
               | may not replace existing approaches in some areas. I
               | don't see how this decreases competition, tough. A
               | competitor can still undercut their competition to
               | attract tenants.
        
         | WalterBright wrote:
         | The cause of inflation is excess money created by the Fed (i.e.
         | things like the $2 trillion "stimulus" package).
         | 
         | The rest is the Law of Supply & Demand.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _cause of inflation is excess money created by the Fed
           | (i.e. things like the $2 trillion "stimulus" package)_
           | 
           | You're mixing up fiscal and monetary policy. Congress and the
           | Fed.
        
             | WalterBright wrote:
             | The Fed creates the money that Congress wants to spend.
        
           | derac wrote:
           | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/CP
           | 
           | Increased profits gaming the public impression of inflation
           | play a huge role. See the FRED chart above. Profits increased
           | 1 trillion since 2020, thats something like 3300 dollars per
           | capita.
        
         | FooBarBizBazz wrote:
         | 1. Inflation goes up.
         | 
         | 2. Fed raises rates in response.
         | 
         | 3. Mortgages get more expensive.
         | 
         | 4. Rents, which compete with mortgages, get more expensive.
         | They are also part of core inflation.
         | 
         | 5. GOTO 1.
         | 
         | I left out the "break" involving massive unemployment and
         | political unrest.
        
       | ghufran_syed wrote:
       | Having thought about it a little more, I think we don't like the
       | idea of it because "shelter" is a basic human necessity, not an
       | optional purchase. But a lot of the problem of unaffordable
       | housing has been created by _our own policies_ in the US, this
       | article is a good summary of the issue:
       | 
       | '"Zoning is not a good institution gone bad. ... On the contrary,
       | zoning is a mechanism of exclusion designed to inflate property
       | values, slow the pace of new development, segregate cities by
       | race and class, and enshrine the detached single- family house as
       | the exclusive urban ideal." So writes M. Nolan Gray in Arbitrary
       | Lines: How Zoning Broke the American City and How to Fix It.'
       | 
       | https://www.cato.org/regulation/fall-2022/case-abolishing-zo...
        
         | conductr wrote:
         | Even if you exclude zoning from the equation entirely and look
         | at the raw material and labor costs associated with building
         | it's usually exceeding most definitions of "affordable".
         | Density is often lauded as a solution, but building vertically
         | is more expensive than horizontally. It only helps spread land
         | costs across more square footage. The costs of going vertical
         | usually outpaces the savings of diluted land cost. So there's
         | really no solution that's sustainable. The result being all
         | affordable housing is a shell game of subsidies.
         | 
         | Some of this is our own doing as well as we continue to up the
         | requirements of building standards/codes. Some make more sense
         | than others, but in general we don't design building codes with
         | costs in mind and I feel that's a pretty large recipe for
         | disaster.
        
           | dickersnoodle wrote:
           | >... in general we don't design building codes with costs in
           | mind and I feel that's a pretty large recipe for disaster.
           | 
           | Speaking as a Floridian living in Tampa (who just had a near
           | miss with a Cat 4 hurricane) that is an extraordinarily poor
           | choice of words. Building codes aren't _supposed_ to be
           | designed with costs front and center; they 're supposed to be
           | designed to foster a sturdy structure than can withstand most
           | likely _actual_ disasters. Go look at the footage of Ft Myers
           | Beach and Sanibel Island for some perspective.
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | This is mostly not true, excluding skyscrapers, which yes are
           | costly. You've forgotten roads, sewers, utilities, sidewalk
           | maintenance etc. Missing-middle housing is _much_ more
           | efficient than suburbs.
           | 
           | Washington DC is a good example, for those unable to visit
           | Europe.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | Eh, infrastructure costs of growing horizontally are
           | underestimated in the sense you demand everyone has cars,
           | massive interstates, thousands of miles of water and sewer
           | piping, pollution problems brought on by car culture, etc.
        
       | leereeves wrote:
       | This sounds like price fixing as a service, but I wonder if the
       | law is prepared to handle it. The FTC guidance on price fixing[1]
       | only discusses "agreement among competitors", and never mentions
       | each party outsourcing pricing to the same service.
       | 
       | If the competitors never meet or agree on anything, is it still
       | illegal?
       | 
       | 1: https://www.ftc.gov/advice-guidance/competition-
       | guidance/gui...
        
         | hammock wrote:
         | It could be. There is something called tacit collusion, I am
         | not immediately aware of case law involving a third party
         | algorithm though.
         | 
         | Here is a paper discussing the exact scenario: https://mdpi-
         | res.com/d_attachment/sustainability/sustainabil...
        
         | paulryanrogers wrote:
         | Collusion by proxy is still collusion. My guess is their
         | marketing will take care never to put in writing that effect,
         | yet still communicating it with a wink and a nod.
        
         | dasil003 wrote:
         | > _If the competitors never meet or agree on anything, is it
         | still illegal?_
         | 
         | No idea how the laws were written, but the vast majority were
         | conceived before modern big data systems were possible, and
         | even today most regulators are unprepared for arguments like
         | this (from the article):
         | 
         | > _Using software like YieldStar is "taking what we used to do
         | manually on a yellow pad and calling people on the phone and
         | putting it on a codified system where you take the errors out
         | of the pricing," he said._
         | 
         | Modern big data and ML capabilities mean that not only is the
         | human removed from the details of the process, but even
         | understanding the mechanics and relative weight of different
         | inputs becomes all but impossible. Large-scale human-based
         | processes can still feel opaque and arbitrary from the outside,
         | but at least there are entry points for human empathy and (more
         | importantly) accountability.
         | 
         | As we saw in the 2008 financial crisis, it's a very dangerous
         | state of affairs when the risks and rewards of financial
         | innovation are decoupled across different parties by means of
         | opaque and unintelligible instruments. Computers are not the
         | same as paper.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | >Modern big data and ML capabilities
           | 
           | But for the most part this stuff doesn't work. And I think in
           | this specific case if there were really some secret sauce
           | they'd make a lot more money as property flippers. Buy
           | underperforming property for cheap, apply secret magic, and
           | sell much better performing property for much more would make
           | you way more money than selling a SAAS.
        
             | richbell wrote:
             | >>Modern big data and ML capabilities
             | 
             | > But for the most part this stuff doesn't work.
             | 
             | Yeah, not a great example when ML is frought with
             | discriminatory biases or bizarre edge cases like Twitter
             | banning people for posting innocuous pictures[0].
             | 
             | People get so blindsided by the magic they forget that
             | these systems are often designed poorly, trained poorly,
             | and cannot be easily explained.
             | 
             | [0] I can't find the link, but it was something like a
             | picture of a bear that resulted in your account being
             | immediately suspended.
        
         | drdec wrote:
         | I would submit that you are making a common mistake in applying
         | an engineer's or programmer's mindset to the law.
         | 
         | What I am thinking of is that company that tried to get around
         | copyright by having their customer's buy TV antennas located at
         | their HQs and then they would stream the feed from the antenna
         | to the customer. Every piece was technically legal but because
         | the entire scheme resembled a patently illegal activity
         | (profiting from distributing copies of copyrighted material)
         | the courts shut them down.
         | 
         | Similar reasoning will be applied in this case. If enough of
         | the market is using the same service to set prices, that will
         | be struck down as collusion.
         | 
         | (All IMHO and IANAL)
        
       | raincom wrote:
       | This has been the case for the last 7 years or so. In the bay
       | area, apartment managers, who run REI-owned properties, blame the
       | software for yearly rental raises, and that they have no say in
       | how much they should charge rent. Mom'n'pop apartments or
       | individual condos managed by third parties are reasonable in
       | terms of negotiation, as they are not bound by any software.
       | 
       | Yes, the software used by these properties is another way to
       | engage in cartel-like behavior--price fixing.
        
       | jareklupinski wrote:
       | A few days ago, someone posted an article about Work Number and
       | how it lets basically any corp pull your current salary.
       | 
       | At the time, I didn't see the harm in allowing it, since I didn't
       | see a situation where this could be used against me.
       | 
       | After reading this article, I froze my data. I believe landlords
       | should price rentals based on the value of their property, not
       | the value of its tenants.
        
         | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote:
         | Yeah, I've seen "The Work Number" popping up more and more --
         | usually buried deep inside the company's HR documentation.
         | 
         | I've personally opted out entirely, instead of just going for
         | the freeze. (In their terminology, a "freeze" lets them keep
         | all your data _and_ continue harvesting new data, whereas an
         | "opt out" instructs them to delete all your data entirely.)
         | 
         | Another important detail: At my company (and presumably many
         | others), it's not just your base salary that's sent over to The
         | Work Number. It's _also_ full details about your equity comp.
         | 
         | I've grudgingly disclosed my base salary as needed (leasing
         | applications, etc), and it's easy enough to do without
         | involving The Work Number because most employers are fine with
         | generating an employment-verification letter. But I don't see
         | any reason why the average landlord would need to know about my
         | equity package, so I found that bit especially unsettling.
        
         | dorchadas wrote:
         | Can you give a link to how to freeze it?
        
           | jareklupinski wrote:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33210775 this thread has
           | a bunch of details, I went the email route
           | 
           | https://employees.theworknumber.com/employee-data-freeze/
        
         | UweSchmidt wrote:
         | As usual, systems allow for the few people who really care to
         | opt-out, preventing backlash but not impeding the system's
         | function.
        
       | maximilianroos wrote:
       | This is mostly a distraction from the underlying issue. The
       | algorithm helps sellers to maximize prices given the supply &
       | demand so, yes, this probably is responsible for a few percentage
       | points of increase in price, in the same way that price
       | comparison websites are responsible for a small decrease in the
       | price of car rentals.
       | 
       | But the underlying problem here is the supply & demand! Rentals
       | are competitive, an algorithm can't force people to pay more than
       | an comparable rental property is charging.
       | 
       | It's the lack of housing supply in areas like SF is responsible
       | for rents being a multiple of what they could be.
       | 
       | Developers want to build apartments, but are prevented from doing
       | so by local regulations. So we need to change those regulations
       | or, as is increasingly happening in the last couple of
       | California's legislative sessions, take control away from local
       | authorities (e.g. SF Board of Supervisors).
        
         | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
         | If a large % of rentals in an area are using this algorithm,
         | then it becomes a feedback loop fully controlled by this
         | algorithm.
         | 
         | I get so tired of watching people declare things with an air of
         | authority that are absolutely not true if you apply a modicum
         | of thought to it.
        
         | rdtwo wrote:
         | Umm the algorithm allows you to bypass collusion laws by having
         | everyone run the same algorithm. It's the newest in legal
         | innovation using algorithms to do illegal shit then blame it on
         | the algorithm
        
         | midislack wrote:
         | We could also just not live in San Francisco. That's a better
         | option for many.
        
           | tjr225 wrote:
           | And yet people love it and want to call it home, and are
           | willing to make sacrifices to do so. I know I have here in
           | the Seattle area. Mind ya own business!
        
             | nkrisc wrote:
             | I think what they're really saying is that maybe not every
             | person who wants to live in SF, for example, can. There's
             | some upper limit on how many people can live there and if
             | more people want to live there than can prices will go up.
             | 
             | So maybe not everyone who wants to live there gets to.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | In the past this would cause other places to become "more
               | San Francisco-like" (arguably Seattle itself has changed
               | since the 80s and perhaps in this direction). Why that
               | doesn't occur could be interesting for discussion.
        
         | geofft wrote:
         | I very much agree with you that the lack of supply is a major
         | problem, but the article is making a case here that what the
         | algorithm is doing is tantamount to price-fixing / collusion.
         | Even in markets where supply is much easier to come by than
         | housing and does not have the entrenched political dysfunction
         | restricting supply - such as RAM chips and canned tuna - price-
         | fixing is a problem.
         | 
         | There's an analogy in the article to airplane seat pricing. The
         | solution there was to tell the airlines they couldn't collude
         | with each other, not to say "The real problem is the lack of
         | flight supply."
        
           | maximilianroos wrote:
           | Yes, I think that's a fair point.
           | 
           | But I don't see any actual evidence that collusion is
           | happening. Collusion is difficult to pull off! It requires
           | each owner to restrict their supply so that all owners
           | benefit through higher prices. The incentive for an
           | individual owner is to "defect" by renting out their whole
           | supply. Collusion generally requires participants to be able
           | to monitor and enforce each other's behavior.
           | 
           | To the extent that owners are increasing prices slightly to
           | benefit themselves, that's not collusion, that's just the
           | market clearing.
        
         | shahbaby wrote:
         | You say that the underlying problem is a limited supply but why
         | stop there? Why is there a limited supply?
         | 
         | How long will looser regulations help until we're back to the
         | same problem?
         | 
         | Perhaps we should dig deeper.
         | 
         | Why have we organized our society in a way that encourages and
         | almost enforces high population density?
         | 
         | The fact is that our current way of living is unsustainable.
         | The housing situation is just one symptom of that.
        
           | mixmastamyk wrote:
           | Density is better for the environment as others mentioned. It
           | is the opposite of enforced, currently mostly prevented.
           | 
           | Answering your question with another question. Why stop
           | there? What you are ultimately arguing for is population-
           | growth control. Turns out very few people are interested in
           | the government deciding how many children they can have.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | The US population that has lived here 3 generations or more
             | is shrinking, and thus trend also applies to Europe and
             | Japan. Even China is looking at a future population
             | decrease. Turns out these forced population decreases are
             | not necessary.
        
               | xboxnolifes wrote:
               | > The US population that has lived here 3 generations or
               | more is shrinking
               | 
               | What do you mean here, and how does it relate to total
               | population levels?
        
             | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
             | Population growth control is also utterly pointless, it
             | turns out that having babies is a lot of work and if given
             | the opportunity most people don't have 6 of them. Rich
             | countries that don't have a shrinking population do only so
             | because of immigration.
        
           | NegativeLatency wrote:
           | Carbon emissions from a city resident are much lower than
           | those from a suburb or rural resident.
           | 
           | Unless your proposed plan is like living off grid or
           | something, making it easy for people to move to cities seems
           | logical.
        
             | Silverback_VII wrote:
             | This is something I do not get. In my opinion renting a
             | flat should be a more efficient form of living than owning
             | a house and yet economically(&long-term) renting is often
             | the worse option.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | If you fully account for everything, renting doesn't
               | always lose - it's just we've had absurd appreciation for
               | so long.
               | 
               | Once you account for maintenance items owning becomes
               | decently more expensive than a simple "mortgage +
               | utilities + insurance + taxes" calculation shows. A $10k
               | furnace every 25 years adds something like $40 a month
               | and that's only one of the many wear items there are.
               | 
               | There are other non-tangible benefits to ownership, of
               | course.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | There's (mostly) a distinction between single family
               | homes and condos (though high-end condos can have
               | significant costs even if shared as well in addition to
               | condo fees). But, yes, something on the order of hundreds
               | of dollars per month should probably be budgeted to keep
               | a single family house in steady state over a significant
               | period of time.
        
           | maxerickson wrote:
           | Most cities with severe housing shortages are pretty much
           | plainly anti-density.
        
           | wizofaus wrote:
           | There's plenty of supply - I don't doubt even the state of CA
           | has more actual housing available than strictly necessary for
           | all those currently living there, but it's natural for people
           | to want to live in areas that are a) close to family and
           | friends b) provide access to employment and c) have necessary
           | infrastructure/ services/retail options readily available.
           | All those factors contribute to making densely populated
           | areas desirable - unless you can provide transportation
           | infrastructure that enables millions of people to efficiently
           | transit long distances - and just about the only countries
           | that have achieved that are those with very high population
           | densities anyway! But there are definitely other factors that
           | exacerbate cost-of-housing issues - income disparities that
           | are further magnified by the degree to which banks are
           | prepared to lend money being one that's rarely discussed. If
           | someone earning $200k a year is able to afford to spend up to
           | 5 times more on a house - and by extension the land it's on -
           | than someone earning half that (and quite possibly 10 times
           | more than someone earning 50k), then how can that not have a
           | serious impact on housing affordability, which trickles down
           | to rental affordability, as enough rent needs to be charged
           | to help offset mortgage costs for landlords.
        
         | joshfraser wrote:
         | I mostly agree, but they're actively pushing rental property
         | owners to let units sit empty for extended periods of time
         | while they wait for higher prices. There are a shocking number
         | of high end apartments in cities like SF and NYC that are
         | sitting empty while everyone else is struggling to find an
         | affordable place to live.
        
           | pandaman wrote:
           | Being shocked by empty apartments on the rental market is
           | like being shocked by stocked shelves in a grocery store in
           | my view. Do you think a market without inventory is better
           | somehow?
        
           | idontpost wrote:
        
           | Spooky23 wrote:
           | This is where I think inflation and higher rates will be good
           | for the US.
           | 
           | The ridiculously low cost of holding assets are making it too
           | cheap to hold and do nothing. Tax policy is a big part of
           | this, but won't change for many years.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | Inflation doesn't help. Higher rates lower inflation,
             | making housing more affordable for wage earners.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | This has been common in the commercial sector for decades -
           | and in the commercially managed residential sector (think
           | large apartment complexes).
           | 
           | All this is doing is bringing it to smaller apartments and
           | single family rentals.
           | 
           | I still feel that if you correctly account for costs and back
           | out appreciation, being a single family home landlord ain't
           | worth it.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | They sit empty because an empty apartment is still going up
           | in value.
           | 
           | If you rent it out, there will be wear and tear (ie. after 5
           | years it'll need a full refurb), and you run the risk of
           | having tenants stuck in your property if laws change and
           | suddenly you aren't allowed to evict them.
           | 
           | Often the capital appreciation is so much greater in value
           | than the rental income (after management, maintenance, etc)
           | that it isn't worth risking the capital income for a tiny bit
           | of rental income.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | They are going up in value because there isn't enough
             | housing and there are too many rich people and because the
             | property / land value tax is too low.
        
             | SantalBlush wrote:
             | Right. In other words, the notion that developing more
             | residential properties will bring prices down is nonsense.
        
               | xboxnolifes wrote:
               | A lot of the increase in value is because there _isn 't_
               | more residential property.
        
         | PragmaticPulp wrote:
         | > But the underlying problem here is the supply & demand!
         | 
         | This is the answer to most pop-Econ articles. It's amazing how
         | hard people want to believe that something else is to blame or
         | that traditional economics doesn't apply for some reason.
         | Algorithms are a popular outrage-bait right now, so I'm not too
         | surprised to see "the algorithm" blamed for high rents now,
         | too.
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | The problem isn't "the algorithm," the article is exceedingly
           | clear that the problem is "the company" and "the captured
           | market" but mostly collusion by proxy.
           | 
           | But in this case, it's also the algorithm -- the article has
           | multiple quotes where "empathy" is seen as a problem and that
           | getting humans out of the loop is a boon to profit. The
           | algorithm itself isn't the problem, it's the bloody-minded
           | profit-seeking where capitalists leverage _trust in the
           | algorithm_ to extract maximum rents by leaving properties
           | vacant in the midst of a housing crunch.
        
           | BlargMcLarg wrote:
           | Because supply and demand itself is ridiculously broad. I
           | don't even see people claim it isn't S&D given so many say
           | anything from "build more housing" to "slackers go earn more
           | money / save more", but saying supply & demand is the
           | underlying problem is about as useful as saying the needle is
           | in the haystack.
        
           | alcover wrote:
           | > Algorithms are a popular outrage-bait right now
           | 
           | Oh yes. Media often lament people radicalizing online
           | supposedly because of them. But nobody is forced to follow
           | recommendations, which are moreover _labelled_ as such.
           | People stay logged-in and indulge on them, and that 's it.
        
             | hotpotamus wrote:
             | That same reasoning would seem to apply to heroin, wouldn't
             | it?
        
               | yellowapple wrote:
               | And likewise, it seems silly to blame heroin for people
               | being driven to use it. Heroin ain't exactly a
               | recreational drug; people turn to it because they're in
               | extreme suffering, be it physical (due to health issues)
               | or mental/emotional (due to socioeconomic hardship), and
               | need an escape. Addressing those concerns would address
               | heroin use (and swaths of other issues, like violent
               | crime).
        
         | r12343a_19 wrote:
        
         | Silverback_VII wrote:
         | >given the supply & demand
         | 
         | Not if the company keeps apartments empty as mentioned in the
         | article. With such an arrangement between landlords you can
         | increase rent not matter the supply&demand.
        
           | jpollock wrote:
           | There are high costs to an empty apartment. The bank doesn't
           | stop demanding payment if the apartment is empty. Same with
           | property taxes, heating, insurance, groundskeeping, etc. You
           | can even find that the maintenance costs increase as problems
           | that would have been seen and fixed (particularly leaks) are
           | missed.
        
             | halfjoking wrote:
             | I don't think that's incentive enough.
             | 
             | There could be an Elysium scenario where the super-rich
             | will pay anything to live in a high-demand area, so the
             | prices go so high almost all properties end up empty. That
             | doesn't seem beneficial to society, the environment or
             | anyone.
             | 
             | If there were strong vacancy taxes the situation would
             | change. Vancouver has a 3% empty homes tax. Let's keep
             | raising a tax like that until managing empty properties
             | becomes untenable. If we want people to have more
             | affordable homes to buy we should incentivize people living
             | in them over managing them for optimal profit.
        
         | mleonhard wrote:
         | 2011-2015 SF jobs increased 23% and housing increased 3% [0].
         | During this time, my own rent increased about 10% per year.
         | 
         | California legislature is passing some housing good laws, but
         | the state's attorney is not enforcing them. The non-profit
         | CaRLA is doing the enforcement and having success [1]. Their
         | wins in court have set precedent and unblocked a lot of
         | building permits.
         | 
         | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19679440
         | 
         | [1] https://carlaef.org
        
         | YellowZeeZee wrote:
         | The supply&demand issue does not turn what this company is
         | doing into a "distraction", quite the opposite. Their
         | "algorithm" has an outsize influence on the prices precisely
         | because of the underlying housing crisis.
         | 
         | I put algorithm in quotes, because it's clearly just a facade
         | in front of good ol' fashioned price collusion.
         | 
         | As the example in the article points out, replace the word
         | "algorithm" with "a guy named Bob" and suddenly it doesn't
         | sound so innocent to say: The companies controlling 90% of
         | apartments in a neighborhood give all their data to Bob, and
         | then Bob tells each one what to price their apartments. It's
         | price collusion by proxy, pure and simple.
         | 
         | We shouldn't just ignore it because it's not the biggest cause
         | of the price increases. Yes, we absolutely need to tackle the
         | housing supply problem, but at the same time we need to stop
         | companies like this from exploiting the crisis and driving
         | prices up even further.
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Ending the crisis by creating housing supply is the way to
           | stop exploiting the crisis.
           | 
           | If you stop "this one company" you'll just have someone else
           | making profits and still have people homeless.
        
             | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
             | If the new supply uses the same algorithm, it does not
             | solve the problem.
        
             | noasaservice wrote:
             | Not if the RICO act was used against them, and all rental
             | properties are transferred to the renter in payment for
             | fraud, conspiracy, interstate fraud, etc
             | 
             | Do you honestly think any other property owner would touch
             | companies like this if this one popped like that?
        
               | Vvector wrote:
               | I understand your frustrations. But nothing here is
               | anywhere close to a RICO violation.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racketeer_Influenced_and_Co
               | rru...
        
             | sobkas wrote:
             | > Ending the crisis by creating housing supply is the way
             | to stop exploiting the crisis.
             | 
             | > If you stop "this one company" you'll just have someone
             | else making profits and still have people homeless.
             | 
             | And this new homes will be bought by ordinary people who
             | for years paid inflated rents and have no real liquidity or
             | corporations/landlords who have profited by renting and
             | have more than enough cash to absorb any new properties
             | that would become available on the market? Because grabbing
             | them allows for a virtual monopoly on home ownership so
             | people are forced to rent. And we have another cycle of
             | capitalism.
        
           | noasaservice wrote:
           | > As the example in the article points out, replace the word
           | "algorithm" with "a guy named Bob" and suddenly it doesn't
           | sound so innocent....
           | 
           | And there's your gig-workforce and companies like Uber that
           | figured out that replacing blatantly illegal stuff with
           | "AlgOriThMS" somehow takes governments long times to untwine
           | and figure out that they're illegal shills.
           | 
           | But the in-person businesses can't do such tactics. But some
           | venture capital financed outlet can dump hundreds of scooters
           | on public areas, and socialize their costs and privatize
           | their gains.
           | 
           | And yes, the article shows that this is collusion through a
           | third party. I don't give a shit if it's an 'algorithm', Bob,
           | or a tarot reading. It's collusion, and anyone involved needs
           | to suffer.. up to and including being awarded the
           | apartment/house.
           | 
           | But, we know the worst that'll happen is some lawyers will
           | get millions, and the plebes will get a check for $100 off
           | their rent at participating renters.
        
         | Bukhmanizer wrote:
         | The "it's all just supply and demand" argument is overly
         | simplistic and strikes me as coming from people who have taken
         | first-year Econ, if that, and literally nothing else.
         | 
         | Does supply and demand affect housing prices? Yes, and the fact
         | that supply has been constrained is affecting prices.
         | 
         | Is it the only factor? Probably not.
         | 
         | Even basic economics classes will teach that there are several
         | ways that supply and demand breaks down.
         | 
         | For one, if there are imbalanced implications for both the
         | supply and demand parties. For a landlord, rent is a purely
         | economic transaction. Not taking a tenant means losing money.
         | For a renter, not having a place to live is far more damaging.
         | You lose shelter, safety, social standing, etc. The article
         | touches on leaving an apartment empty for a couple months to
         | find a tenant that will pay what you're asking. But would
         | anyone really go homeless for a couple months to save on rent?
         | Not only that, but peoples lives revolves around where they
         | live, and it's not easy for a lot of people just to pick up and
         | move to a different market.
         | 
         | Another way supply and demand might break down is if there is
         | price collusion between parties on the supply side. This is
         | relevant especially in this case because if there is a single
         | party setting prices (eg the algorithm) and there is a
         | constrained enough market, then you can in fact force people
         | more than what typical supply and demand would imply.
        
           | nickpp wrote:
           | Have you ever looked at how long it takes to get a building
           | permit in one of those high-rent areas? Years, if you get it.
           | And millions of dollars in plans, approvals and preparations.
           | God forbid if you must involve some union people.
           | 
           | We've outlawed construction. Any other factor besides this is
           | far far behind.
        
             | P5fRxh5kUvp2th wrote:
             | Since you obviously have, would you care to provide sources
             | for those of us who haven't?
        
             | Bukhmanizer wrote:
             | > Any other factor besides this is far far behind.
             | 
             | Ok based on what? Like I think there are supply problems,
             | but there are plenty of examples where the demand isn't
             | increasing much or is even decreasing but housing is still
             | getting more expensive.
        
         | threatofrain wrote:
         | I believe SF would need _way more_ central planning and not
         | less if we want more housing supply. The transportation issue
         | in SF is crazy at the moment and parking is expensive in both
         | time and money.
         | 
         | A city needs to upgrade multiple infrastructural elements
         | simultaneously if it wants to make a successful leap into
         | higher densities. In a democratic culture this means getting
         | enough parties on board to accept a big jump in taxes for huge
         | civic works projects like subways. To make all of this coherent
         | this will take a massive and sustained political momentum which
         | can exercise eminent domain in a very big way.
        
           | AlchemistCamp wrote:
           | SF tax revenues increased greatly (double, IIRC) over the
           | past decade.
           | 
           | How much more revenue do you believe the city needs?
        
           | opportune wrote:
           | We don't need more parking. It's a waste of space and very
           | expensive compared to more public transportation.
           | 
           | By all means allow people to build parking if they want to,
           | but there's no need for parking minimums.
           | 
           | I don't see how more central planning could help. Our central
           | planners love to block housing unless it meets 100 different
           | conflicting requirements they make up on the spot. Just let
           | people build!
        
             | rdtwo wrote:
             | We can't have public transit because we gave up on public
             | safety during covid. Lots of public transit is now unsafe
             | or much less safe than before
        
       | matt3210 wrote:
       | Before I switched to better living arrangement, the property
       | manager at my apartment complex had the goal of sending my
       | account to collection with a 100% fee for collections paperwork.
       | These people don't have empathy or compassion.
        
       | danielfoster wrote:
       | People really need to be asking themselves, "Why isn't new
       | housing being built?" and focus on removing the barriers to
       | building new housing.
       | 
       | Pricing algorithms wouldn't be such an issue if it were easy to
       | add new supply.
        
         | Plasmoid wrote:
         | Largely it's because the existing residents don't want people
         | moving in. They liked how the neighborhood was before and they
         | want it to remain static.
         | 
         | To this end, you get zoning rules, ever tightening building
         | codes, impact fees, taxes, public hearings, and just straight
         | up prohibitions on building.
        
           | anm89 wrote:
           | Because we have an overabundance of housing for one. Massive
           | portions of our housing supply are sucked up as STRs and and
           | second and third houses due to a decade of free money.
           | 
           | On top of that we have all time record numbers of houses set
           | to be completed over the next few months which are still
           | being snapped up by investors.
           | 
           | We have a shortage of available housing. Not a shortage of
           | housing (there are individual markets where this isn't true
           | and there are actually shortages of physical units).
           | Fortunately, this is to some degree in the process of
           | correcting itself but I doubt the place we get to is going to
           | be a solution that very many people are happy with either.
        
             | Plasmoid wrote:
             | > Because we have an overabundance of housing for one.
             | 
             | I've seen this canard so many times it physically hurts me.
             | 
             | I don't know where you found this so it's hard to provide
             | specific debunking so I'll just go over all of them.
             | 
             | 1) The houses aren't where people actually want to live.
             | There is a lot of vacant housing in dying rural towns,
             | mining sites, or the middle of nowhere. So unless you have
             | a plan to get people to move to Buffalo-Butte then
             | available housing there may as well not exist.
             | 
             | 2) The most of the "vacant" homes aren't actually vacant.
             | Depending on how badly the stats are gathered they will
             | include a lot of garbage. Let's look at the list of things
             | that considered vacant:                 - Houses on the
             | market for rent/sale       - Houses that have been
             | rented/sold but not yet moved into       - Houses that
             | unfit for human habitation       - Houses undergoing
             | significant renovations       - Houses that are used
             | seasonally
             | 
             | That's right, if your house burns down the still-
             | smouldering rubble is considered vacant.
             | 
             | There is just not enough housing where people want to live.
             | Objections like this only get brought up when someone is
             | about a half-step away from proposition house rationing.
             | Not for them though, other people should have their housing
             | rationed.
        
               | anm89 wrote:
               | Yeah well, if you sit around in the couple of places that
               | have no housing and hate building housing, surprise,
               | there's not going to be available housing and quality of
               | life is going to be awful.
               | 
               | If that's the battle you want to fight in life more power
               | to you.
               | 
               | If you want to battle your way through needles and shit
               | and piss and the mentally ill and drug addicted to go sit
               | in an fancier office and to live in a city with some cool
               | restaurants so you can pay 6k a month for a 400sqft
               | apartment or have roommates at 30 feel free to do it. But
               | I really have minimal sympathy for people who sign up for
               | this and then complain loudly about how much it sucks.
        
       | zdragnar wrote:
       | Local metro put in a light rail line years ago through an area
       | with the expectation that it would re-invigorate those
       | neighborhoods and cause more housing to be built. For years,
       | there was very little movement; existing rents and land values
       | along the line were too low for anyone to bother building
       | additional dense housing. This failure, among others, became a
       | talking point among those who have tried to stall building
       | additional lines.
       | 
       | Now, with the metro in an acute housing crunch, rents have gone
       | up enough that investors are finally building more housing along
       | the light rail line. What are they building? Small, chic
       | apartments geared towards young people. It's not really the sort
       | of thing that fosters strong communities, as anyone who wants to
       | start a family is unlikely to stay there long term.
       | 
       | There's really only two outcomes I see: housing prices stabilize
       | at marginally affordable at best, or the "character" they are
       | trying to go for disappears not long after the housing bubble
       | pops, and the area becomes blighted.
       | 
       | All of this is to say that there are market-driven price floors
       | on housing that aren't easy to shift. The "just build housing"
       | mantra might be over-estimating the extent to which people are
       | willing to accept prices going down. There's better ways to make
       | money elsewhere for the people you expect to do the building and
       | management after a certain point.
        
         | Jasper_ wrote:
         | It seems absurd to me that they'd judge the success of public
         | transit as when the property values go up, rather than whether
         | people are riding it and using it. We should build public
         | transit because it's an improvement on quality of life for the
         | community, not because people who don't live there will see a
         | return on investment.
         | 
         | Housing prices will always be a bubble, as long as they're so
         | detached and distant from the communities they're trying to
         | build.
        
           | zdragnar wrote:
           | The people who ride the lines were already getting from point
           | A to point B using other means (cars, busses, taxis), so
           | ridership isn't really a useful metric. Pretty much all of
           | the lines that are being built are being sold as ways to
           | improve the economy along the line, as people are pulled out
           | of cars and off the freeway (i.e. greater visibility of local
           | stores and housing options to commuters).
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | There is a way to look at it and that is time saved.
             | 
             | Seattle traffic is so horrendous it does legitimately save
             | time (or, if not saving time, take a consistent amount of
             | time.)
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | OP here. In this particular case, for this particular
               | line, traveling by car is roughly between a third and
               | half the time it takes by light rail.
               | 
               | Most of the other lines that I know of are similar or
               | slightly better, but there's a bit of a spread. I don't
               | know of any that are actually faster.
               | 
               | This is a metro that wishes it was a coastal style metro,
               | but is not on the west or northeast coasts.
        
             | red_trumpet wrote:
             | If you want to pull people out of cars, comparing metro
             | ridership to previous non-car riderships seems a pretty
             | good metric?
        
         | opportune wrote:
         | Young people need places to live too. What's wrong with some
         | developers building housing that appeal to that group? As long
         | as they're building more than there was previously, it means
         | less competition for the other housing for those who don't like
         | that style of building.
        
           | klyrs wrote:
           | The problem isn't that developers are building units that
           | appeal only to young people, the problem is when they're
           | _exclusively_ building those units.
        
             | cplusplusfellow wrote:
             | If developers aren't building housing for families higher
             | on the SES ladder, that's generally a result of regulatory
             | issues.
        
               | klyrs wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you mean by "higher on the SES ladder"
               | because the "young renters" in this case are Amazon
               | employees with ridiculous disposable income. They _are_
               | high on the SES ladder, it 's the lower rungs that are
               | getting priced out of the market.
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | It's complex. Usually the max price people are willing to
               | pay is mortgage they may get from a bank. So developers
               | who want to push margin can build smaller apartments and
               | still sell for the same price. With fancy marketing how
               | tiny apartments and DINK is cool.
               | 
               | We have same issue in my city. New apartments are
               | 40-50sqm 2 rooms (1 bedroom + kitchen-living room) or
               | 60-70sqm 3 rooms (2 bedrooms + kitchen-living room ) at
               | best. If you want family-sized housing, house in suburbia
               | is pretty much the only option.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Detached homes are better for families in many ways,
               | second would be townhomes then row homes and finally
               | apartments.
               | 
               | Sadly many apartments are not built to withstand a
               | screaming child in a neighboring unit.
               | 
               | When the children are older those things don't matter
               | quite as much, but by that time people often can afford
               | to move to more space.
        
             | opportune wrote:
             | Well the solution certainly isn't to build nothing.
             | 
             | I lived in one of those at one point in the Seattle area
             | and there were families (mostly with small children) in
             | them.
        
             | Schweigi wrote:
             | Could also just be driven because of the zoning. For
             | example a 2-bed unit usually requires two parking spots. So
             | its better to build two 1-bed units. Same amount of parking
             | but more rental income because usually 2-bed units aren't
             | double the rent of a 1-bed units. Its actually not even a
             | choice because whoever sold the land to the developer will
             | have done this calculation already and priced the land
             | accordingly to the maximum financial payout based on the
             | zoning rules.
             | 
             | We are building a smaller apartment building in Dallas and
             | everything from unit numbers, to sizes and shape of
             | building is driven by the zoning rules. And because the
             | land is sold based on those rules you can't really make it
             | different otherwise the project isn't viable anymore. Thats
             | why everyone is currently building townhomes and not small
             | apartments buildings in places like Old East Dallas or
             | Bishop Arts District.
        
       | ineedasername wrote:
       | Seems like it's real easy for them to assert something very like
       | monopoly or cartel-like price manipulations on behalf of
       | landlords without even doing so deliberately. Once enough people
       | use your product it's easy to make a claim like "raises average
       | rent by X%" and have it be a self-fulfilling prophecy simply by
       | virtue of tweaking the algorithm to favor increases regardless of
       | market fundamentals and competition.
        
       | ok123456 wrote:
        
       | [deleted]
        
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