[HN Gopher] Man plays his saxophone through 9-hour complex brain...
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       Man plays his saxophone through 9-hour complex brain surgery to
       remove tumor
        
       Author : Vaslo
       Score  : 121 points
       Date   : 2022-10-15 12:39 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.cbsnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.cbsnews.com)
        
       | boomboomsubban wrote:
       | Though I cognitively understand why it's the case, the fact that
       | operating on the brain isn't painful still weirds me out.
       | Something about the part of the body that processes pain not
       | feeling pain feels bizarre even though I can see why there'd be
       | no benefit to having pain receptors there.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | Wouldn't it be excruciatingly painful to get to the brain
         | though? Or is there a way to locally anaesthetize so that you
         | don't feel your scalp being sliced open and your skull being
         | cracked open?
        
           | boomboomsubban wrote:
           | I think it'd be one of the least painful places. The scalp is
           | thin, and isn't overly sensitive, think of how professional
           | wrestlers often cut their scalp on purpose. And I don't think
           | the skull has a ton of nerves in the first place.
           | 
           | A relative had brain surgery for a tumor, and if I'm
           | remembering what she said from fifteen years ago correctly
           | she said the anesthesia shot hurt, than the rest was more a
           | relief than anything as the tumor had been applying constant
           | pressure for years.
        
             | aix1 wrote:
             | > think of how professional wrestlers often cut their scalp
             | on purpose
             | 
             | Wait, what?
             | 
             | (I am even hesitant to ask as I'm not sure I'm ready to
             | hear the answer, whatever it might be.)
        
               | tomcam wrote:
               | Scalps bleed like crazy and they don't hurt much. Plus
               | performing live has some kind of anesthetic quality.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | Had that happen to me accidentally. I felt just fine(tm)
               | but everyone was looking at me like i was dying. In
               | hindsight i probably looked like Carrie from Stephen
               | King's novel, could feel the blood on my face.
               | 
               | Bleeding stopped in a minute or two just by holding a
               | towel on the scratched part.
        
               | tomcam wrote:
               | Love that story. I would absolutely flip out if it
               | happened to my wife or kids even knowing what I do.
        
               | Entinel wrote:
               | So when pro wrestlers bleed there are two ways, blading
               | and hard way. Hard way is exactly as it sounds, someone
               | got hit so hard they got busted open. The second and what
               | the OP is referring to is blading, you get a thin razor
               | blade and nick your scalp-forehead area and you start
               | bleeding. It isn't as extreme as they made it sound.
        
               | Andoryuuta wrote:
               | I just googled it because I've never heard of it
               | before... it's pretty crazy.
               | 
               | Apparently, the wrestlers cut themselves on their scalp /
               | forehead some time into a match to make the match look
               | more intense, with the blood from their head mixing with
               | sweat and dripping down...
               | 
               | A 17 year old kid was even hospitalized due to blood loss
               | from it.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blading_(professional_wre
               | stl...
        
               | grogenaut wrote:
               | Oh wow you're in for a fun day of googling, on the innner
               | world of wrestling. Look up Face, Heel, Turn, Kayfabe,
               | and then go deeper if you want.
        
             | failrate wrote:
             | When you see a wrestler blading or doing a bump, it is
             | still painful. Probably not as painful as it looks, but
             | still painful.
        
               | boomboomsubban wrote:
               | I wasn't trying to imply cutting the scalp would be pain
               | free, but it wouldn't be "excruciatingly painful" like
               | the poster said.
        
           | speedylight wrote:
           | I think that it's less about the pain because yeah you could
           | probably use some sort of a local anesthetic for the scalp
           | tissue, but I can't imagine what all the vibrations and
           | sounds passing through skull feels like, especially when
           | power tools are used to drill into the skull or cut out a
           | small section.
        
             | hamandcheese wrote:
             | > but I can't imagine what all the vibrations and sounds
             | passing through skull feels like, especially when power
             | tools are used to drill into the skull or cut out a small
             | section.
             | 
             | I imagine it might be similar to having a cavity filled.
        
             | sudhirj wrote:
             | If the drill is medical grade and extremely fast, you might
             | not feel any vibrations at all, almost like a laser. Should
             | feel like a scrape more than anything.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | I don't know what you (personally) imagine when you say
               | 'medical grade', but surgery (other than robots and
               | keyhole I suppose) is pretty brutal and mechanical. A
               | 'medical-grade drill' is basically whatever's been
               | approved for medical use, not (necessarily, though I
               | don't doubt they exist) something special that isn't also
               | sold for drilling masonry.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | When I've had surgery that was the joke the doctor told.
               | It's just a $10,000 version of a tool you'd pick up at
               | Home Depot.
               | 
               | Obviously there are some things that would be different.
               | For example a big issue is you'd want to use non-toxic
               | lubricant on all the parts. Not sure what non-toxic means
               | but I'm sure there is something (vegetable oil?
               | Silicone?)
               | 
               | You'd also want to make sure it won't fling off tiny
               | metal or plastic shards from the tool. Don't want that to
               | get into the body. You'd probably have to seal up any
               | ventilation openings in such a way that crap couldn't
               | escape.
               | 
               | I'm sure mechanically you'd want it to be as tight of
               | tolerance as you could get away with--you probably don't
               | want a lot of slop when cutting open some dudes skull.
               | Vibration and such probably play into that tolerance
               | bit...
               | 
               | Of course it could just literally be a rebranded Ryobi or
               | something for all I know. But I'm pretty sure it isn't.
               | Too many additional requirements means it is probably
               | something slightly fancier.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | Wife had a broken leg and they inserted a metal rod in to
               | the bone. She said the operating room sounded like a car
               | repair shop.
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | Strange, I imagine, because you'd have the vibrations and
             | sounds as you describe of the actual cutting, but also the
             | feeling (whatever that's like) of reducing intracranial
             | pressure.
        
         | agumonkey wrote:
         | What weirds me out is that I experienced regular pain in
         | various part of my brain. Not migraines, more like post
         | traumatic sensations with very acute painful areas (front,
         | back, side, center..). Is this only blood vessel nociceptors ?
        
           | tsol wrote:
           | Those are the nerves running through your skull. That's where
           | a headache comes from. I learned this from having years of
           | migraines.
        
             | yellowapple wrote:
             | I'm understanding this right now, from currently having a
             | headache.
        
         | pineal wrote:
         | The way it usually works is that we have anesthesia put the
         | patient entirely to sleep to start and then we wake them for
         | the sensitive part of the case when we need to perform
         | stimulation and cognitive testing. We use local anesthetic like
         | lidocaine and marcaine on the scalp while opening to minimize
         | pain when temporarily awake. Then the patient goes back to
         | sleep for closing. It's a tough balance for the
         | anesthesiologists to maintain --- they are as critical to the
         | procedure as the neurosurgeon is.
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | The couple of times I've woken up from anaesthesia, I was
           | apparently pretty rambly and nonsensical for awhile. I wonder
           | if I'd be able to play piano like that. To some extent,
           | playing is automatic, sub-verbal for me. Maybe it would come
           | out great and I just wouldn't remember it, but... how do you
           | gauge the performance given that they're still coming out of
           | anaesthesia?
           | 
           | While I'm asking, there's a question that's been driving me
           | crazy since a recent colonoscopy where I was sedated with
           | fentanyl and (? something like diazepam). I think I remember
           | being awake and remembering most of the procedure immediately
           | afterwards, but within about an hour I couldn't remember
           | anything except one moment when I was in pain and shouting
           | that I was going to explode, as a nurse put another ampule in
           | the drip line. What's bugging me is, was I really
           | experiencing pain like that and aware the whole time, and the
           | drugs just erased my memory of it afterwards? Or was that
           | just a breakthrough moment in an otherwise uneventful
           | procedure where I felt relatively little?
        
       | chrismorgan wrote:
       | > _"Moreover, the patient is left-handed. This makes things more
       | complicated [...]_
       | 
       | There's something bizarrely amusing about this. I'm now picturing
       | a surgeon saying, "I'm sorry, I can't operate on you because
       | you're left-handed."
       | 
       | I wonder if discrimination based on handedness is unlawful
       | anywhere. Under Australia's Fair Work Act (for employment) and
       | Equal Opportunity Act (for public life), you'd have to classify
       | it in as a disability to get it covered, and I don't know whether
       | that'd be allowed by a judge or jury or whatever (to say nothing
       | of sinister persons refusing to consider it a disability).
        
         | jlg23 wrote:
         | > I wonder if discrimination based on handedness is unlawful
         | anywhere.
         | 
         | Most probably. But I think judges would agree that this is a
         | "discrimination" not in the social or political sense but as a
         | rather scientific method to determine whether a procedure is
         | suitable/beneficial/at least not harmful.
         | 
         | If not, sign me up to sue all gynecologists because they refuse
         | to treat my (a man) ovaries....
        
       | SeanAnderson wrote:
       | I never quite fully grasped the purpose of having patients stay
       | engaged during brain operations. Is it possible to undo a brain
       | incision? If not, what good is it to know a patient's abilities
       | are degraded after having made a cut? Is it just to mitigate
       | compounding unexpected damage?
        
         | roflc0ptic wrote:
         | You don't make more cuts there
        
         | vanattab wrote:
         | Well you can definitely stop cutting deeper if you know
         | something is up!
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | It's not binary. You go slowly, and stop if it's _starting_ to
         | impact the behavior you're observing.
        
         | SamoyedFurFluff wrote:
         | What's the alternative, knowing that you're working with a
         | system with unknown specific architecture and whose only way
         | you can get feedback about how you're doing is via the patient?
         | You can stimulate parts of the brain without damaging it btw.
         | The surgeon just needs to know what that part is specifically.
        
         | locallost wrote:
         | Others have explained, but what I've heard from a brain surgeon
         | on TV: it's extremely delicate and they don't always know how
         | deep they can go, so they probe bit by bit and when they notice
         | it's having an effect they stop. The surgeon I listened to was
         | also a gifted storyteller, it was very very impressive and
         | inspiring. That's really a hell of a job.
        
         | jac241 wrote:
         | You electrically stimulate around the spot with a probe where
         | you're planning to resect. If the patient can't perform
         | whatever task you're evaluating then you know you can't resect
         | in that area. Generally looking for a 1cm margin between tissue
         | you're going to resect and a positive stim site.
         | 
         | Can't undo brain cuts. CNS neurons don't repair themselves like
         | peripheral neurons or your skin. Generally not cutting glioma
         | brain tumors out per se more likely to use ultrasonic
         | aspiration to suck the tumor out piecemeal. Depends on the
         | tumor though.
        
           | elteto wrote:
           | Fascinating! What is ultrasonic aspiration and how does it
           | work?
        
           | amelius wrote:
           | How do you know what task to evaluate?
           | 
           | And what if this was not a saxophone player, but a tennis
           | player? Or both?
        
             | Firmwarrior wrote:
             | The worst is when you're performing brain surgery on a
             | brain surgeon. The operating theater can get really
             | crowded.
        
               | cfu28 wrote:
               | Operating theater overflow :)
        
           | ayewo wrote:
           | You seem knowledgeable about the topic.
           | 
           | I'm also curious as to the answer to this question [1]. Why
           | does left-handedness make brain surgery slightly more
           | complicated?
           | 
           | 1: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33215614
        
           | SeanAnderson wrote:
           | Oh, that makes sense. Cool that we can "dry run" explore with
           | electric pulses! Thanks for explaining :)
        
             | infogulch wrote:
             | "dry run" is a great analogy!
        
       | Anunayj wrote:
       | Makes a small change
       | 
       | > npm run test
       | 
       | 38/48 tests passed, 10 failed.
       | 
       | Ah schmutz, looks like we made a mistake
       | 
       | > git revert
        
       | daniel-cussen wrote:
        
       | bjoli wrote:
       | That dude has steel lips. I am a professional bassoon player, and
       | playing anything for 9 hours straight would make my lips bleed.
       | 
       | Edit: I apparently skimmed the article too skimmily.
        
         | yellowapple wrote:
         | Back in high school we did one of those playathon things where
         | a bunch of us band kids basically held a 12-hour jam session as
         | a fundraiser for something or other. About 11 of those 12 hours
         | were cumulatively spent riffing on "Superstition". I was on
         | trombone, and spent most of those hours improvising solos in a
         | desperate yet futile attempt to make it not horrifically
         | repetitive.
         | 
         | I still absolutely loathe that song to this day.
        
         | yur3i__ wrote:
         | I don't imagine it was 9 straight hours but like a song an hour
         | or every half an hour
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | Won't have been the entire time. Just during critical points.
         | 
         | > at various times throughout the surgery
        
       | sebazzz wrote:
       | I wonder what the nerdy software developer equivalent is of this.
       | I can't play an musical instrument. However, I'm plenty fine
       | with: (1) Fusion 360, (2) .NET Web Development, (3) playing
       | FPS/RPG/simulation/puzzle computer games.
        
         | jcadam wrote:
         | You should pick one up. Learning how to read music and play an
         | instrument at the same time is good for the brain.
        
       | api wrote:
       | Sell recordings and title it "with an open mind."
        
         | teeray wrote:
         | Everyone will think the album art is just an elaborate
         | illustration.
        
       | peterkelly wrote:
       | A similar thing was done with a violinist a couple of years ago:
       | 
       | https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/watch-musician-pla...
       | 
       | Related research study on the practice:
       | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32505870/
       | 
       | If I ever need brain surgery, I guess they'll probably have me
       | try to respond to JIRA tickets and troubleshoot npm dependency
       | conflicts during the operation.
        
         | marstall wrote:
         | lol!
        
         | ASalazarMX wrote:
         | - Not a problem
         | 
         | - Works as designed
         | 
         | - It's a feature
         | 
         | - This is egregious! I'll get to fix it immediately
         | 
         | Doctors: Oh no, we cut too much!
        
           | zasdffaa wrote:
           | WONTFIX - (skull closed)
        
         | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote:
         | I've always wondered about this. Is there a doctor in the house
         | who could clarify the value of having this kind of _lagging_
         | indicator?
         | 
         | Presumably, the idea of having the musician playing is to give
         | the doctor a heads-up in case they slice into a valuable area
         | of the brain. But, by the time the music playing is affected,
         | the slice would have already happened -- so then, what's the
         | point?
         | 
         | I agree it's a great way to harvest social media likes (which
         | presumably helps pay the medical bills, so I suppose it's
         | nothing to sneeze at). But it's tough to see how it'd
         | meaningfully help a fine-grained surgery. That abstract on
         | PubMed ^ seems to say much the same:
         | 
         | > ...playing music did not improve or modify surgery.
        
           | simon_acca wrote:
           | They are not slicing while the guy is playing. Rather they
           | stimulate electrically the area that they are about to slice
           | to check if brain function is affected.
        
             | q7xvh97o2pDhNrh wrote:
             | Ah, so it's actually a _leading_ indicator. I guess that 's
             | obvious now that you've mentioned it, but for some reason
             | it never occurred to me. Thanks!
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | I'd be afraid that using JIRA would register as complete brain
         | death.
        
         | busyant wrote:
         | > If I ever need brain surgery, I guess they'll probably have
         | me try to respond to JIRA tickets and troubleshoot npm
         | dependency
         | 
         | for me they will ask me to play chess. and they will stop
         | cutting when i start making good moves.
        
       | green-eclipse wrote:
       | > "Moreover, the patient is left-handed. This makes things more
       | complicated because the neural pathways of the brain are much
       | more complicated."
       | 
       | This is fascinating. Why would this be?
        
         | pineal wrote:
         | Without further information regarding the exact location of the
         | patient's tumor, it is hard to comment in detail. However, one
         | way handedness affects awake glioma resection is that while
         | right handed people typically have their language dominance
         | localize to the left hemisphere, left handed individuals are
         | more likely to have right sided or even codominant language
         | function. Assuming this was a right sided tumor, the surgeon
         | probably meant that he also had to account for avoiding speech
         | deficits in this left handed patient that he wouldn't worry
         | about in a right handed one.
        
       | aliljet wrote:
       | Integration testing of the brain during surgery? I wonder if the
       | apparatus for this kind of complex testing can be simulated.
       | Seems incredibly powerful....
        
       | thomasahle wrote:
       | Is this because playing sax is the only function he cared about
       | preserving? Or did he perform other tasks too when they were
       | operating in other parts of the brain?
        
         | dansimau wrote:
         | From TFA:
         | 
         | > "To play an instrument means that you can understand music,
         | which is a high cognitive function. It means you can interact
         | with the instrument, you can coordinate both hands, you can
         | exercise memory, you can count -- because music is mathematics
         | -- you can test vision because the patient has to see the
         | instrument, and you can test the way the patient interacts with
         | the rest of the team," he said.
         | 
         | I take that to mean that playing the instrument uses many brain
         | functions and so they're able to monitor many things at once.
        
           | abhorrence wrote:
           | The vision but seems plainly wrong to me, many (and I'd posit
           | most) musicians who have been playing their instruments for
           | years can play with their eyes closed. Definitely would test
           | proprioception though!
        
             | soulofmischief wrote:
             | Well, those musicians likely have highly developed internal
             | visualization skills, but of course I'm not keen on how
             | transferable that is to real vision.
        
       | Llamamoe wrote:
       | What the heck. Why? What if he moved or panicked and disturbed
       | the surgeon?
        
         | danjc wrote:
         | I think the procedure is do some surgery, stop, have the
         | patient play the sax, repeat.
         | 
         | Similar to write some code, run the app, repeat.
        
         | asah wrote:
         | for brain surgeries, the head is immobilized.
        
           | jcadam wrote:
           | That would make playing any sort of wind instrument quite a
           | bit more difficult.
        
       | mikotodomo wrote:
       | Makes sense, doing an intellectual activity while getting brain
       | surgery probably helps them like when they tell you to move your
       | muscles around when getting normal surgery.
        
       | throwoutway wrote:
       | > The doctor said his patient, who has been identified only as
       | C.Z., played the theme song from the 1970 movie "Love Story," and
       | the Italian national anthem, at various times throughout the
       | surgery.
       | 
       | FWIW, it was not the entire 9 hours, but still cool though. I
       | guess I read the headline wrong and thought it was during the
       | whole operation
        
         | tomcam wrote:
         | Yeah I'd get tired of that theme within say 7.5 hours
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | I wonder what brain activity data they collected during this.
       | I've been wanting to analyze intercranial EEG of people listening
       | to music to understand the degree to which the brain directly
       | resonates to the frequencies and envelopes of music.
        
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       (page generated 2022-10-15 23:00 UTC)