[HN Gopher] Let's order strange things from NIST
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       Let's order strange things from NIST
        
       Author : ggm
       Score  : 174 points
       Date   : 2022-10-15 06:28 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (twitter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (twitter.com)
        
       | MereInterest wrote:
       | I used to work in a lab that bought mud from NIST. We were
       | measuring soil contaminants, and needed a calibration point for
       | the data collected. So, whenever we collected data from river
       | mud, we also ran the NIST mud. That way, any drift in our
       | experimental setup over time could be normalized out.
        
         | edrxty wrote:
         | Ok, I gotta ask. How does NIST source a large supply of mud
         | that's stable in composition over a long period of time, both
         | in terms of supply chain and storage?
         | 
         | That seems to be the case for a lot of these items. Either they
         | have a process for making these products with sourced
         | ingredients that are somehow hyper stable or they buy up
         | 1000lbs of breakfast cereal, grind it into powder, then vacuum
         | seal and freeze it in a vault somewhere alongside powdered
         | sewage, all the time assuming nobody in the future of the
         | planet will need more than 1000lbs of reference powdered
         | breakfast cereal total.
        
           | thatguy0900 wrote:
           | https://www.si.com/mlb/2019/08/07/baseball-mud-rawlings fun
           | story about consistent mud collecting for the mlb
        
           | voxadam wrote:
           | As I understand it, each and every sample isn't necessarily
           | uniform bur rather each sample is characterized and qualified
           | by a NIST lab and a certificate of analysis (COA) is supplied
           | with each sample. This allows tier 2 and lower labs to verify
           | that their equipment and analyses are within spec.
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | There are exact standards both for the accuracy of the
             | reference material and the precision of the COA.
             | 
             | So NIST can work backward, using faster tests to confirm
             | that the material has suitable qualities to represent, say,
             | 2% milk, then take the precise measurements for the actual
             | batch of sample, which of course will vary.
        
           | zinekeller wrote:
           | > Ok, I gotta ask. How does NIST source a large supply of mud
           | that's stable in composition over a long period of time, both
           | in terms of supply chain and storage?
           | 
           | Technically, they don't. Obviously, they have _some_ storage
           | (this is one of those things you don 't want to use just-in-
           | time manufacturing). Instead, NIST (and other analogous
           | standards organisations) have batches of materials and
           | really, really expensive machines (that are hard to mass-
           | produce) that can measure out the precise quantities of
           | whatever thing they need to measure backed by processes that
           | intrinsically is just precise ( _and_ accurate, for pedants),
           | for example, electron microscopes or atomic force
           | microscopes, which is then used by others (like in this case
           | for measuring mud) to machines that are easy to mass-produce
           | but can measure badly if not checked regularly.
           | 
           | For some things though (like drug testing in urine), they
           | instead have a pure substance laced with precise amounts of
           | substances you've expect to find, but that's relatively
           | easier than most SRMs where you're measuring things you've
           | already have (whether it's mud, crude oil, whale blubber or
           | peanut butter).
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | deathgripsss wrote:
       | In my youth I used to work in a laboratory that tested mattress
       | flammability and we used the NIST standard cigarettes. I remember
       | people used to pocket a few of them and smoke them on break, not
       | sure how good an idea that was.
        
         | OJFord wrote:
         | I'd like to imagine there's a cigarette reviewer out there who
         | compares various manufacturers/products against 'NIST standard
         | cigarette' as baseline. I've never smoked, I just think that'd
         | be brilliant.
        
           | raydiatian wrote:
           | "We give American Spirits 8/10 Nicotines."
        
       | FiatLuxDave wrote:
       | I used to work extensively with the NIST radioisotope SRMs. I
       | particularly remember working with SRM 4965a (https://shop.nist.g
       | ov/ccrz__ProductDetails?sku=4965a&cclcl=e...).
       | 
       | My wife was very worried when I told her that I'd be working with
       | radioactive hydrochloric acid. Technically, that is what it is,
       | but the acid is very dilute and the radioactivity is very low. It
       | sure sounds dangerous though!
       | 
       | I had to repackage it into a new container so that I could
       | contain and draw off the radon gas, but still have the capsule
       | remain wet so that the emanation rate would stay constant. My
       | low-tech solution was to put a wet sponge in the chamber, so that
       | the air would remain saturated with water vapor but that the
       | condensation would not dilute the acid. It worked great for about
       | 10 years. I passed that source on to another company, it might be
       | working still. Radium sources tend to be rather long-lasting.
        
       | isoprophlex wrote:
       | The MSDS for that jar of peanut butter says it's not an
       | asphyxiant... as someone with peanut allergy, I beg to differ ;)
       | 
       | Nice submission. Brings back memories of making alcoholic drinks
       | from expensive spectroscopy grade ethanol. We never dared hitting
       | the deuterated ethanol for NMR purposes...
        
         | metaphor wrote:
         | > _The MSDS for that jar of peanut butter says it 's not an
         | asphyxiant... as someone with peanut allergy, I beg to differ
         | ;)_
         | 
         | Just in case the sarcasm wasn't abundantly obvious, the precise
         | term used was _simple asphyxiant_ with the following regulatory
         | meaning[1]:
         | 
         | >> _Simple asphyxiant_ means a substance or mixture that
         | displaces oxygen in the ambient atmosphere, and can thus cause
         | oxygen deprivation in those who are exposed, leading to
         | unconsciousness and death.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.osha.gov/laws-
         | regs/regulations/standardnumber/19...
        
         | perihelions wrote:
         | That'd be one expensive cocktail.
         | 
         | Always remember to drink in (neutron) moderation!
        
         | robk wrote:
         | Were the drinks good? Less hangover inducing?
        
           | perihelions wrote:
           | Regarding the deuterated version, it's actually possible it
           | would have very different pharmacokinetics to normal ethanol.
           | The first step in metabolism involves breaking the -O-H bond
           | to create the =O aldehyde, so replacing that with a heaver
           | -O-D would have a kinetic effect.
           | 
           | For example, here's a Derek Lowe article about deuterated
           | drugs (not ethanol):
           | 
           | - _" So a well placed deuterium (or two, or three) can
           | actually have a significant effect on how long a drug will
           | circulate in the bloodstream, by slowing down the liver's
           | clearance mechanism."_
           | 
           | https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/first-
           | deuterated-d... ( _" The First Deuterated Drug Arrives"_)
        
       | gruez wrote:
       | An economist article about Standard Reference Materials:
       | 
       | https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2022/08/17/...
        
       | xani_ wrote:
       | Now we need most expensive restaurant cooking only with NIST-
       | rated ingredients
        
         | Metacelsus wrote:
         | https://jabde.com/2022/07/29/immaterials-and-methods-reagent...
        
           | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
           | A mere $30k for a laboratory grade cookie. I'm surprised
           | coconut oil is the most expensive ingredient at over half the
           | recipe cost.
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | I'm not, it would also be the most expensive ingredient at
             | the supermarket instead of NIST.
        
       | analog31 wrote:
       | This is just because they haven't come up with a quantum standard
       | for peanut butter yet.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | Your tax dollars at work!
        
         | thatguy0900 wrote:
         | You would rather have industrial makers have nothing to test
         | and calibrate their impurity detection equipment on? Probably
         | nothing bad will happen if they just wing it
        
         | jtvjan wrote:
         | An army marches on its stomach. Without a standards
         | organisation to ensure high-quality peanut butter, the nation
         | will slowly fall to ruin!
        
           | zinekeller wrote:
           | Haha, definitely true, but of course the SRMs also help for
           | more serious things (like metal strength for vehicles, which
           | can be the difference between life and death).
        
         | simlan wrote:
         | Excatly. Keeping instruments calibrated and true.
        
         | msla wrote:
         | So's the ARPANet.
         | 
         | Remember, kiddo: Microsoft-Orcale-Apple didn't invent the
         | Internet. They just jumped on.
        
         | bergenty wrote:
         | This but unironically.
        
         | EamonnMR wrote:
         | They probably aren't losing money on $800 jars of peanut
         | butter.
        
           | trelane wrote:
           | They probably _are_ since the methods and requirements are
           | very different to what you buy in the store.
        
         | blululu wrote:
         | Having standards is one of the more important functions of
         | government and this work has broad implications for consumer
         | protection. The price is mot even cheap so at least the largest
         | beneficiaries pay to brunt of the cost. If you're serious about
         | government waste I would suggest looking at larger budget items
         | like Lockheed or it's partners in the military first.
        
           | mattkrause wrote:
           | In fact, it's specifically called out in the US Constitution.
           | Article I, Section VIII authorizes the government to "fix the
           | standard of weights and measures".
        
         | fortran77 wrote:
         | It looks like they charge for the materials to offset the cost.
         | This whole program, to ensure Americans get what they pay for
         | in consumer items, is a much better use of my tax dollars than,
         | say, paying for rich kids college loans.
        
           | dry_soup wrote:
           | Rich kids tend not to have college debt.
        
         | Moosdijk wrote:
         | This is a really good way to spend tax dollars, actually.
        
       | lathiat wrote:
       | Tom Scott & Half as Interesting did a few related videos:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/9mAcJRFfAL0
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/nAsrsMPftOI
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/jvJzi0BXcGI
        
       | sgtnoodle wrote:
       | I've been watching through Lost, with all the Dharma Initiative
       | branded food in generic black and white boxes.
        
         | wlonkly wrote:
         | And that in turn influenced by generics[1], who have been
         | raised to a yellow art form by Canada's "No Name" brand[3].
         | 
         | [1] No, the other kind.[2]
         | 
         | [2] http://gbnfgroceries.blogspot.com/2014/01/from-misc-foods-
         | ai...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.noname.ca/
        
         | Cyph0n wrote:
         | Hah, the aesthetic is indeed similar!
        
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       (page generated 2022-10-15 23:00 UTC)