[HN Gopher] Most PPP loans have been forgiven, despite signs of ...
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       Most PPP loans have been forgiven, despite signs of possible fraud
        
       Author : gmays
       Score  : 170 points
       Date   : 2022-10-13 13:46 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.npr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.npr.org)
        
       | treis wrote:
       | This article is really misleading. The study they cite says:
       | 
       | >Overall, we find 1.41 million questionable loans representing
       | $64.2 billion in capital with our primarfy measures. These
       | measures inevitably contain some false positives, which would
       | lead to overstatements, and some flagged loans may have been
       | legitimately eligible for smaller loans. However, the measures
       | also miss many forms of suspicious lending, and sensitivity
       | analysis indicates this total is likely substantially
       | understated. Slightly lowering the threshold on the high implied
       | compensation and considering excess loans in industry-county
       | pairs beyond the number of establishments reported by the U.S.
       | Census results in a total suspicious lending estimate of $117.3
       | billion.
       | 
       | So 64.2 or 117.3 out of 800 billion is suspicious at some level.
       | That doesn't mean the entire value of those loans is fraud. Just
       | that they were goosed to increase payout. So anywhere from a few
       | percent to 15 percent. Which for how large and how fast is
       | actually pretty darn good.
       | 
       | The real scandal here is that it was an ill-conceived program.
       | The political powers at the time acted like we'd lock down for a
       | few weeks and then everything would go back to normal. But that
       | was pretty obviously not going to happen. Ultimately PPP had a
       | marginal effect on what businesses survived. Most of the ones
       | that did would have anyways. PPP was just money directly into
       | those owners' pocket.
       | 
       | Even worse, lots of businesses went gang busters during Covid. So
       | most of this PPP money went to the winners of the Covid economy
       | instead of the losers. It was just one gigantic blunder.
        
         | AtlasBarfed wrote:
         | So, just to emphasize, the Government gave out EIGHT HUNDRED
         | BILLION DOLLARS to business owners, who are going to be well-
         | to-do or better, as "loans", and then just forgave them
         | quietly.
         | 
         | Honestly, those people who were being fraudulent actually were
         | doing the right thing, because it siphoned money off from this
         | egregious example rich people getting money outright and
         | redirected it to the "demand" side of the population. And let's
         | face it, the larger corporations can simply shuttle around
         | accounting to make whatever look legit it needs.
        
         | spookthesunset wrote:
         | > The political powers at the time acted like we'd lock down
         | for a few weeks and then everything would go back to normal.
         | 
         | I mean we should have. It was quite clear very early on that
         | the computer models predicting 4% IFRs were off by almost an
         | order of magnitude.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | We hit over 1 million dead after flattening the curve,
           | effective treatments, and a huge swath of the most vulnerable
           | population getting vaccinated before infection.
           | 
           | Models showing 4% IFRs without drastic measures like
           | lockdowns seem fairly accurate to me. Simply letting COVID
           | run rampant may have done less economic damage because it's
           | vastly less deadly to working age populations, but we would
           | have barbarically sacrificed a significant chunk of the
           | population for little gain.
        
             | fallingknife wrote:
             | If you compare CA vs FL, FL only has a 10% higher age
             | adjusted population mortality rate from covid. This
             | indicates that some the strictest covid measures in the US
             | made little difference vs the laxest. You can point to
             | other countries if you want, and you would be right, but
             | the type of strict measures that China used to stop the
             | virus are not remotely politically possible in the US (and
             | thank god they aren't).
             | 
             | source: https://www.bioinformaticscro.com/blog/states-
             | ranked-by-age-...
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | 'Some of the strictest control measures' is not how I
               | would describe life for anyone in, say, the Central
               | Valley.
               | 
               | Maybe people in the major coastal cities actually
               | followed any of the difficult-to-enforce restrictions
               | [1], but I can't say the same for the three quarters of
               | America that is rural or suburban.
               | 
               | [1] Obviously, when schools are closed, that's a
               | restriction you have no choice in following.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | The US healthcare system moved resources around to
               | respond to more critical areas. As such things are less
               | independent than you are suggesting.
               | 
               | That said, look at the worst states on that list and you
               | will notice a trend. Mississippi, Oklahoma, Tennessee,
               | Texas, Kentucky, Alabama aren't the states with extremely
               | high density cities like NYC with the highest natural
               | transmission rates, they are the states that failed.
        
               | Rebelgecko wrote:
               | It's definitely a trend that states with higher rates of
               | obesity and hypertension have higher death rates. But
               | since those are known comorbidities, not particularly
               | surprising.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Mississippi and WV had obesity rates of 39.5% in 2018,
               | yet Mississippi was 476 where WV was 364 so something
               | else is going on.
               | 
               | Especially when you consider Delaware's 33.5% obesity in
               | 2018 somehow only resulted in 289. Turns out states with
               | stronger responses had better results independent of what
               | population density and demographics would suggest.
        
               | Rebelgecko wrote:
               | I definitely don't think that's the only factor and the
               | correlation isn't 1:1 so you can't necessarily cherry
               | pick 3 states and say the trend doesn't exist (but if you
               | do want to cherry pick states, I'd point out that of the
               | states that took a laxer approach to covid, Utah has the
               | lowest obesity rate. They also have a much lower
               | population-adjusted death rate than states like
               | California that took more aggressive measures to flatten
               | the curve over 1-2 years)
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | I'm not convinced that density is a major factor in covid
               | mortality as outdoor transmission is minimal, and the
               | virus was able to spread effectively throughout the
               | population even in low density areas. (I could be
               | convinced by good data, but I haven't seen any on this)
               | 
               | Also density measurement is hard. Does Utah count as
               | "dense?" If you look at pop density by state it is near
               | the bottom, but almost all of that population is crammed
               | into a small area near Salt Lake City. Similar situation
               | in Nevada.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Density does correlate to spread, but only across
               | relatively small areas of land. Averaging across a state
               | as you say can result in misleading results.
               | 
               | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323722513_Effect
               | _of...
        
               | jliptzin wrote:
               | You're assuming everyone actually obeyed the restrictions
               | which is a pretty funny assumption. It only takes one
               | person in a household to go to a gathering that wasn't
               | supposed to happen (and there were plenty of those) and
               | then come back and get everyone else sick.
               | 
               | In any case that 10% is ~10,000 people saved. For the
               | brief period of time when people largely followed the
               | restrictions I feel like that is a good ROI. That's 3
               | September 11ths, what did we sacrifice trying to avoid
               | another one of those?
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | If we are not willing to enforce the restrictions to the
               | point that they will be effective in carrying out their
               | intended purpose, then there should be no such
               | restrictions.
               | 
               | Three 911's is meaningless to compare because the
               | response is so much different. A better comparison would
               | be 0.2 bad flu seasons. Because no one ever wore a mask
               | during a bad flu season, not to mention any of the
               | actually relevant and economically damaging measures
               | taken to stop covid.
        
               | rayiner wrote:
               | If you look at the absolute carnage at school test scores
               | it was not a good ROI. We sacrificed the well being of
               | the young for the lives of the old.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | Should we redirect the money given to medicare and social
               | security to families?
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | States have different density distributions and people
               | movement. It's impossible to compare any state to another
        
               | fallingknife wrote:
               | If you had asked me in 2019 for a prediction of what
               | would happen if there had been a pandemic and one state
               | followed CDC advice, and another said "fuck it, we're not
               | doing anything," I would have said that the state that
               | followed the expert guidance would have a dramatically
               | better outcome. The fact that it didn't happen is very
               | significant.
               | 
               | If you want to say that actually what CA did was
               | effective, and the differences are all based on
               | density/movement differences, then then you need to
               | provide evidence. You can't just handwave it away by
               | pointing to a possible factor.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | I need to provide evidence that states have different
               | densities of population distribution and that covid is
               | spread via close contact?
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | > Simply letting COVID run rampant may have done less
             | economic damage because it's vastly less deadly to working
             | age populations, but we would have barbarically sacrificed
             | a significant chunk of the population for little gain
             | 
             | Saved Medicare and SS spending.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | The people most likely to vote republican while taking
               | government handouts use social security and medicare
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | After being forced to pay for SS and Medicare for your
               | entire working life, it is unreasonable to expect people
               | to not use them, even if they believe that SS and
               | Medicare should not exist. This is akin to wealthy
               | professionals, who vote Democrat and support higher
               | taxes, but nevertheless take advantage of all tax
               | deductions available to them. Many such cases. There is
               | nothing hypocritical here: it is pointless to damage
               | yourself by either refusing SS checks or paying more
               | taxes than you're legally required, even if you are
               | against SS or for higher taxes, because these individual
               | actions will do nothing to bring about the policies you
               | want.
        
               | themitigating wrote:
               | "This is akin to wealthy professionals, who vote Democrat
               | and support higher taxes, but nevertheless take advantage
               | of all tax deductions available to them"
               | 
               | This counter example doesn't work because democrats
               | aren't advocating for these to be changed
        
             | jimbob45 wrote:
             | _Simply letting COVID run rampant may have done less
             | economic damage because it's vastly less deadly to working
             | age populations, but we would have sacrificed a significant
             | chunk of the population._
             | 
             | There are also the forgotten fears of mutation and the
             | unknown of the disease. PPP was envisioned/passed around
             | April 2020. Back then, we knew relatively little of the
             | disease and feared it becoming deadlier and more
             | transmissible if it were able to evolve. Fortunately, it
             | didn't (to the degree we feared) but it very well may have
             | if the US had simply let it run loose.
        
             | peyton wrote:
        
             | spookthesunset wrote:
             | > Models showing 4% IFRs without drastic measures like
             | lockdowns seem fairly accurate to me.
             | 
             | The infection fatality rate is: deaths / anybody who is
             | infected. Everybody is gonna get Covid, mitigations or not,
             | so the denominator is always going to be the same. IFR is
             | independent of mitigations.
             | 
             | The only way the IFR might change is if healthcare systems
             | got so overrun that they could no longer give care. This
             | _did not happen_ anywhere in the industrialized world. In
             | fact all of the temporary field hospitals here in the
             | states were closed virtually.
             | 
             | The models showing a 4% IFR were pure fantasy. The IFR for
             | a healthy human under like 65 is something less than %0.1.
             | If you are a kid, your risks are lower than dying in a
             | house fire.
        
               | devmor wrote:
               | > The only way the IFR might change is if healthcare
               | systems got so overrun that they could no longer give
               | care. This did not happen anywhere in the industrialized
               | world.
               | 
               | What world do you live in? It certainly isn't mine. One
               | of my co-workers passed away in her home after being
               | turned away from the ER in part due to no hospitals in
               | the area having available ventilators.
        
               | PuppyTailWags wrote:
               | > The only way the IFR might change is if healthcare
               | systems got so overrun that they could no longer give
               | care. This did not happen anywhere in the industrialized
               | world. In fact all of the temporary field hospitals here
               | in the states were closed virtually.
               | 
               | Are you sure, especially particularly early & also this
               | late? My understanding is that several crucial treatments
               | were mass-deferred, several places had no beds, the dead
               | were literally stacked on trucks, and the medical system
               | has been utterly destroyed either from staff falling ill
               | or getting so emotionally destroyed that they've quit.
               | Wasn't there a mainstream situation a bit ago where a
               | nurse literally had to call the fire department because
               | of lack of medical staff?
               | 
               | My understanding is that hospitals still haven't
               | recovered in terms of staffing.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | Yes, the person you're replying to is clueless. Even with
               | all of the lockdowns, distancing, masking, and tons of
               | other interventions - hospitals all over were on the
               | brink of collapse. I have 3 immediate family members who
               | are hospitalists in the US and each of their hospitals
               | was in extremely dire straits. 100% bed occupancy, no
               | non-emergent surgeries, diverting patients to neighboring
               | states.
        
               | nightski wrote:
               | Not sure where you are getting your information, even in
               | our city of 250k the hospitals were full and turning away
               | care.
        
               | slaw wrote:
               | Hospitals were close to full before covid and are full
               | now. Op is talking about temporary hospitals for covid
               | patients which were empty.
               | 
               | https://www.seattletimes.com/seattle-news/health/wa-
               | hospital...
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | You can't argue about a zero social distancing world
               | based on data from countries that implemented social
               | distancing. Doing nothing means seeing what IFR rakes
               | look like without a healthcare system.
               | 
               | Even with all the existing measures, many areas ran out
               | of ICU beds. All those deferred surgeries had an actual
               | cost in human lives because you can't simply delay cancer
               | treatment without issue. I will say it again, _some
               | people with cancer died because of the COVID pandemic
               | even without getting infected._
               | 
               | Anything less than what we did would have further
               | overburdened the healthcare system. Doing absolutely
               | nothing and even less serious cases that responded to
               | such basic measures as IV fluids would have killed people
               | without a functioning healthcare system.
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | > You can't argue about a zero social distancing world
               | based on data from countries that implemented social
               | distancing.
               | 
               | You can very easily argue that the mitigations we put in
               | place were based on the theory that Covid only had a
               | droplet based spread, like the flu. The problem is that
               | Covid is fully airborne, like measles, so the mitigations
               | we put into place were ineffective.
               | 
               | Social distancing is a good example:
               | 
               | A person infected with a virus that has a droplet based
               | spread will spray out droplets when they cough or sneeze
               | and those droplets will fall to the ground within six
               | feet of their emission.
               | 
               | An airborne virus is emitted by people even when they are
               | just breathing normally, and can stay suspended in the
               | air for hours. An airborne virus will spread throughout
               | an enclosed space.
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00925-7
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Your argument falls apart when you consider closing down
               | movie theaters and schools stops both. The initial
               | version of COVID was airborne but didn't spread that fast
               | compared to say measles so it didn't take much to bring
               | transmission below replacement rate in most areas.
               | 
               | More recent versions are more easily transmissible but
               | are dealing with higher levels of immunity due to
               | vaccination and prior exposure. When modeling such
               | repeated outbreaks people who where at the highest risk
               | for transmission due to coming into contact with others
               | regularly where also the first to gain immunity from less
               | easily transmissible strains.
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | Your argument falls apart when you remember that the
               | mitigations we put into place were highly effective
               | against the Flu, which does have a droplet based spread,
               | but were completely ineffective at stopping the spread of
               | Covid, which continued to spread like wildfire.
               | 
               | >CDC says seasonal flu cases hit record lows around the
               | world
               | 
               | https://www.nbcnews.com/health/cold-and-flu/cdc-says-
               | seasona...
               | 
               | > COVID may have pushed a leading seasonal flu strain to
               | extinction
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.com/science/2022/09/covid-may-have-
               | pushe...
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Being effective for the flu doesn't prevent them from
               | being less effective but still critical for COVID.
               | 
               | Multiple COVID trackers shows a response to COVID
               | mitigation strategies and their removal well outside of
               | seasonal trends. Demonstrating unsurprisingly that
               | transmission goes down when people spend less time around
               | each other.
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | The thing that keeps six feet of social distancing from
               | being effective against Covid is that the virus floats in
               | the air for hours.
               | 
               | The initial theory on how Covid spreads was just wrong.
               | 
               | Following the science requires that you be capable of
               | changing your mind when you have proof that you were
               | wrong.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | The science shows mitigation strategies worked, though
               | they didn't all work equally well. Here's one literature
               | review:
               | 
               | "Public health interventions and non-pharmaceutical
               | measurements were effective in decreasing the
               | transmission of COVID-19. The included studies showed
               | that travel restrictions, borders measures, quarantine of
               | travellers arriving from affected countries, city
               | lockdown, restrictions of mass gathering, isolation and
               | quarantine of confirmed cases and close contacts, social
               | distancing measures, compulsory mask wearing, contact
               | tracing and testing, school closures and personal
               | protective equipment use among health workers were
               | effective in mitigating the spread of COVID-19."
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8164261/
               | 
               | As to standing six feet apart. It's true that COVID
               | didn't need droplets, but it could still make use of
               | them. There is a concept of viral load during
               | transmission because the human immune system is much more
               | effective stopping a single virus from infection someone
               | than 10,000 of them. Non specific immune responses don't
               | provide lasting immunity but they do prevent the vast
               | majority of infection that cross surface barriers from
               | having a noticeable impact.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | It's gonna take decades before we can judge if any of
               | these mitigations did a single thing. The fact it is even
               | debatable says the effect they had was negligible at
               | best; definitely not worth their cost to society. If it
               | was worth it, it shouldn't require fancy research to
               | prove, it should be completely obvious and enormous.
               | 
               | The fact we had plans zero clue if this stuff would work
               | at all is reason enough to not do it. We subjected
               | billions of people to a uncontrolled experiment. Worse it
               | was without consent.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | It's easy to see that they collectively did quite a bit,
               | that study I linked has a lot of research behind it but
               | even very simplistic models still show huge collective
               | benefits.
               | 
               | The hard part is assessing the cost and benefit of each
               | of them individually.
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | Sorry, but I don't find information published before the
               | WHO finally admitted that Covid was airborne to be all
               | that convincing.
               | 
               | >As 2021 drew to a close, the highly contagious Omicron
               | variant of the pandemic virus was racing around the
               | globe, forcing governments to take drastic actions once
               | again. The Netherlands ordered most businesses to close
               | on 19 December, Ireland set curfews and many countries
               | imposed travel bans in the hope of taming the tsunami of
               | COVID-19 cases filling hospitals. Amid the wave of
               | desperate news around the year-end holidays, one group of
               | researchers hailed a development that had seemed as
               | though it might never arrive. On 23 December, the World
               | Health Organization (WHO) uttered the one word it had
               | previously seemed incapable of applying to the virus
               | SARS-CoV-2: 'airborne'.
               | 
               | https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00925-7
               | 
               | Social distancing by six feet cannot by definition be
               | effective against a virus that floats in the air for
               | hours and completely spreads through any enclosed space.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Again if you follow the science being airborne doesn't
               | prevent other methods of transmission. People also got
               | COVID from sharing needles, which doesn't mean needle
               | exchanges would have been particularly effective but they
               | would have stopped a tiny fraction of cases.
               | 
               | Transmission isn't like computer virus which can only be
               | spread via one specific method. Close content does
               | increase the risk of transmission from a simple density
               | function if nothing else.
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | > Again if you follow the science being airborne doesn't
               | prevent other methods of transmission.
               | 
               | No, if you follow the science you won't claim that social
               | distancing can be effective against a virus that isn't
               | limited to only spreading six feet before falling to the
               | ground.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Reducing transmission is useful even if you don't stop
               | 100% of it.
               | 
               | There are exponential returns on each case blocked
               | because that cases doesn't result in new cases. If the
               | virus is still spreading exponentially then it's simply
               | delaying cases, but 1.01^X is monumentally different than
               | 0.99^X even though you blocked 2% of transmissions.
               | 
               | Saying standing six feet apart only blocks X% of cases is
               | therefore irrelevant on it's own, it's only relevant in
               | the context of overall transmission.
               | 
               | In the end simply delaying COVID until after vaccination
               | has saved over 1 million American lives. We could have
               | done more, but we could also have done vastly less.
               | 
               | PS: I linked mounds actual peer reviewed science you have
               | ignored so it's clear this is just wasting time. But I
               | home other people reading this thread may come to
               | rational conclusions.
        
               | GeekyBear wrote:
               | At this point you sound just like the people still going
               | on about how Ivermectin does so do something.
               | 
               | Sorry, but following the science requires the ability to
               | admit you're wrong in the face of new evidence.
        
               | keneda7 wrote:
               | I don't think people are going to come to the conclusion
               | you want. I thought I understood your position at the
               | start but by the end I am just scratching my head here.
               | You seem to admit covid is airborne yet at the same time
               | are adamant 6 feet of social distancing stops covid and
               | prevents countries from having a 4% IFR. Yet South Korea
               | doesn't seem to have gone past a 2.5% IFR and wiki seems
               | to imply they did not lock down and Italy was one of the
               | first to lockdown and had the highest IFR? Wouldn't this
               | actual data invalidate your claim without lockdowns IFR
               | would be 4%?
               | 
               | Wouldn't is just be easer to admit your wrong and that 6
               | feet social distancing does not stop covid. You were
               | originally told incorrect information by, well everyone,
               | and now that you know covid is airborne the 6 feet was
               | worthless.
               | 
               | Edit: spelling
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | No, I never said any individual measure was critical on
               | it's own. Six feet alone as in without masks etc does
               | almost nothing. Six feet in combination with many other
               | measures can do quite a lot near a tipping point.
               | 
               | Shutting down schools was was huge, but you seem to want
               | to talk about 6 feet like that's the only thing that
               | happened.
               | 
               | What masks and 6 feet separation had going for them which
               | is easy to forget is how cheap they are. Closing schools
               | is going to have knock on effects for decades, people
               | standing further apart is practically free by comparison.
        
               | brnaftr361 wrote:
               | My worry is that we've displaced the casualties to a far
               | less visible causal agent. There's a lot of economic
               | variables that have been pulled at every level, from the
               | individual to the state, to global concerns. And I think
               | these are more pernicious and difficult to track than
               | would be a disease, but I do expect the impact to,
               | overall, be more severe that it otherwise would've been
               | without the (perhaps naive) interventionism. That's just
               | a hypothesis.
        
           | treis wrote:
           | Even if we legally went back to normal that doesn't mean
           | consumer demand would have gone back to normal. It was pretty
           | clear that it wouldn't have gone back to normal until the
           | vaccine was rolled out.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | Ding, ding, ding.
             | 
             | I don't care what the government rules would have been, I
             | wouldn't have been travelling/commuting to the office/going
             | to the bar at _any_ point in 2020. My employer would not
             | have been organizing _any_ in-person conferences.
             | 
             | Which would, without the PPP/unemployment stopgap, would
             | have happily put most of the firms in the
             | travel/hospitality/conference organization industry out of
             | business, due to a _temporary_ disruption.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | So the existing management buys the firm for $1 in a
               | liquidation and they come back in a few years.
               | 
               | Sounds more like it was the creditors and investors that
               | took on more risk than they could handle and got bailed
               | out.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Liquidating a firm, and then coming back in a few years
               | is not like turning a light switch off and on.
               | 
               | It's like leaving a car to rust unattended in a field for
               | a decade, and coming back to it. It's not going to be
               | running, and it's going to take a mountain of work to get
               | it into a running state.
               | 
               | That's precisely why letting all these businesses die
               | because of a temporary pandemic disruption is the penny-
               | wise, pound-foolish decision.
               | 
               | If you think it's fair for the owner class to have paid
               | for PPP, I can get behind that, as I'm all for wealth
               | taxes/increasing capital gains taxes/???.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Usually courts in bankruptcy/liquidation release enough
               | funds to maintain value.
               | 
               | Many of these businesses were closed due to covid anyway
               | and in barebones maintenance mode, as court would do if
               | they felt there was some value left to sell.
               | 
               | Sometimes bankruptcies are nearly invisible to customers
               | and all in the background while creditors/investors lose
               | their shirts.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | fasteddie31003 wrote:
       | Was it a mistake to drop interest rates to 0 and give out free
       | money to business owners during a pandemic? I think monetary and
       | fiscal policy overreacted to the pandemic, but we'll never hear
       | from anyone in power that it was a mistake. I don't think our
       | government leaders have learned anything.
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | > I don't think our government leaders have learned anything.
         | 
         | The next group of politicians will have "learned" from this -
         | in the sense that people will have voted them in based on
         | whatever random views they had that matched with how the will
         | of the people has changed.
         | 
         | I doubt existing politicians ever learn anything. Especially
         | when our politicians pride themselves on "not flipping" on
         | views. How are you supposed to learn anything if you never
         | change your mind?
         | 
         | We don't elect people who learn. We elect people who we think
         | are always right (charlatans).
         | 
         | I skeptical the people we elect in next will have any better
         | ideas, because I don't think "we" learned anything from this
         | either.
        
         | testfoobar wrote:
         | It was a massive over reaction and a massive mistake. Inflation
         | now is a direct consequence of indiscriminate spending.
         | Politicians do not seem to understand basic economics. E.g.
         | California's inflation relief checks going out right now.
        
           | paxys wrote:
           | California isn't printing money for these checks like the
           | federal government did. It is all coming from the budget
           | surplus, and is not going to have a meaningful effect on
           | inflation.
        
             | testfoobar wrote:
             | Not true. If California were to use the surplus to retire
             | debt, it would reduce inflationary forces in the economy.
             | By distributing the money back out, the State of California
             | will contribute to inflation.
        
           | yojo wrote:
           | This is correct in hindsight. At the time, a lot of smart
           | people were forecasting economic armageddon. Businesses
           | screwed up too; big, well financed companies like Airbnb did
           | massive layoffs. My superhost acquaintance went on to have
           | her best year ever.
           | 
           | None of this excuses the lack of oversight, but the initial
           | overreaction may have been rational.
           | 
           | Inflation related stimulus is of course farcical.
        
             | fasteddie31003 wrote:
             | I think the overreaction should not be viewed as "rational"
             | from a hindsight perspective. Society should learn from its
             | mistakes.
        
               | yojo wrote:
               | When you have a systemic shock with unknown impact,
               | rational can still be ultimately wrong.
               | 
               | If there's a 50% chance of total economic meltdown, and
               | you can avert it with a few years of high inflation, that
               | might still be the correct decision, even if the doomsday
               | scenario doesn't come true.
        
               | namarie wrote:
               | Not to mention that we'll never know for sure whether the
               | doomsday scenario would have come true or not. So it
               | might still have been a good response.
        
       | chatterhead wrote:
        
       | josefresco wrote:
       | Anecdotally (of course) of the handful of business owners that I
       | know (personally) who received PPP funds, 75% of them didn't need
       | the loan and all of them had their loans forgiven. Some of these
       | businesses had their best years ever (revenue).
        
         | ChainOfFools wrote:
         | As someone whose own consultancy provides services to a couple
         | dozen of these small businesses, primarily ones which happened
         | to fall under the rubric of "essential services", I noted that
         | nearly all of them received outsize PPP awards (on the order of
         | half a million and up for 30-ish person companies, which had no
         | shortage of income due to being among the aforementioned
         | essential businesses). These were almost immediately forgiven.
         | 
         | In most cases the businesses were able to apply twice and get
         | two separate awards. I'm not sure what the mechanism was for
         | this as our business itself never applied for these loans.
         | 
         | In the aftermath of all of this there has been a distinct
         | pattern emerging in which these small business owners have
         | developed a kind of amnesia about the money they've received
         | from these loans and have assigned the upward balance sheet
         | inflection to their own "hard work" commitment and demonstrated
         | acumen in negotiating the covid crisis.
         | 
         | I suppose this isn't exactly untrue, but there is no
         | internalized recognition that this success was a one-time
         | phenomenon due to a one-time windfall from the government.
         | 
         | Another anecdote somewhat unrelated is that the number of
         | family-run (i.e. father and son/s) trades businesses in my
         | local suburb all seem to have decided they need brand new work
         | trucks at the same time. These vehicles are uniformly the upper
         | end luxury trim levels of the line, lifted and stanced to
         | absurdly aggressive proportions, and show no signs of being put
         | to any of the actual work for which they would be utterly
         | impractical anyway. The number of rear window stickers with
         | Sparta helmets or some sort of depiction of an automatic weapon
         | suggests the PPP loans may end up having inadvertently helped
         | equip and arm a future informal militia.
        
           | ted_bunny wrote:
           | The PPP was an upward wealth distribution. It might look like
           | a technocratic accident, but things always, always, always
           | shake out this way.
           | 
           | On a similar note, the ~$2000 of assistance most Americans
           | got went straight to landlords. This crisis was fully
           | exploited by people who knew exactly what they were doing.
        
             | robswc wrote:
             | Who is "they" ?
             | 
             | https://www.federalpay.org/paycheck-protection-
             | program/top-l...
             | 
             | Seems the loans were capped at $10 million? Maybe I'm
             | missing something...
             | 
             | But it seems any "they" that is able to manufacture an
             | "accident" of this scale would see $10 million on a good
             | market day.
             | 
             | I'm not at all saying there wasn't abuse but I don't see
             | any conspiracy when incompetence or laziness makes much
             | more sense.
        
         | meetingthrower wrote:
         | I'm in PE and have looked at probably 500 deals this year. All
         | received PPP, and in virtually all cases it has dropped
         | straight to the bottom line as a dividend to the owner. (I
         | don't do any restaurant / hospitality businesses, and focus on
         | businesses that would have been open in pandemic.)
         | 
         | Biggest wealth transfer to owners of small(ish) businesses
         | ever!!!
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | My uncle's business got a half million dollar PPP loan with
         | millions in profits and over 15 million in the bank. It was
         | distributed as employee bonuses. You wonder why there's
         | inflation.
        
         | giarc wrote:
         | There was probably a lot of "I'm going to get mine" attitude,
         | but I also suspect many took the loans in anticipation of
         | needing them. Remember, very smart people said the economy was
         | going to get destroyed so it would be prudent for businesses to
         | prepare. If you didn't need the loan, but were told to prepare
         | for the worst, why wouldn't you get the loan?
        
         | meroes wrote:
         | Same. Someone I know claimed he/the owners received $5 million
         | for a single restaurant location over the pandemic. The owners
         | didn't "need it" unless you count not being less wealthy by
         | pumping in their own money a need.
         | 
         | But hey, that's the system and they chose to play it. Maybe a
         | requirement to post on the physical business how much pandemic
         | money they've got would be an easy middle ground.
         | 
         | I'm glad he told me though so I can I understand what really
         | keeps businesses going.
        
         | boole1854 wrote:
         | Since we're sharing anecdotes...
         | 
         | Anecdotally of the handful of business owners that I know
         | personally who received PPP funds (3 businesses total), all
         | needed the loan, used it to maintain payroll, and all of them
         | had their loans forgiven.
        
           | thwayunion wrote:
           | You're both right. I know of 10 cases in my social circle.
           | 
           | Two were small tech companies (not startups) that pivoted to
           | WFH services in 2020, had their best years ever, and then
           | returned to their normal work portfolio in 2022. Good years.
           | 
           | Five were restaurants I frequent. Two of those went out of
           | business, two used PPP to pay salaries then laid folks off,
           | and one had a fantastic year because they already had
           | eds+meds+tech clientelle, were in a fairly good pandemic-
           | weathering of the city (lots of SFHs and huge parks), and
           | executed extremely well on the "delivery but we'll keep the
           | social third place vibe going with various virtual events"
           | model.
           | 
           | One is a auto dealership (well, a manager at an auto
           | dealership). Basically used the PPP to pay salespeople
           | salaries for a few months and by the time the first summer
           | came around it was back to business as usual.
           | 
           | The rest were various other small businesses for whom PPP was
           | basically purely supplemental income.
           | 
           | The only one I'm _really_ sour about is a tradesman who did a
           | bunch of under the table cash work (unreported so a 30% boost
           | already) + got PPP + got enhanced unemployment. Almost two
           | straight years of tax fraud. Bought a $300K boat and bunch of
           | other toys this year.
           | 
           | All were forgiven.
        
             | vkou wrote:
             | > All were forgiven.
             | 
             | Snitch on the tradesman, and you'll get 30% of whatever he
             | stole if he's convicted.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | Since we're sharing anecdotes, anecdotally, the only business
           | owner I know personally who received PPP funds (My wife's
           | employer) needed the loan, kept everyone on the payroll,
           | paying them to do nothing, until PPP funds ran out, and once
           | that happened, laid off half the staff.
           | 
           | He then continued running the business at a loss, paying out
           | of his own pocket for the next year and only _now_ has
           | returned to something resembling profitability.
           | 
           | Why was the business operating at a loss? Because of the
           | social changes brought about by COVID, it took over a year
           | after the mandates were lifted for his customers to return to
           | the status quo.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | > He then continued running the business at a loss, paying
             | out of his own pocket for the next year
             | 
             | The year-by-year outlook of profit vs loss is arbitrary.
             | 
             | How did the decade by decade history look? Any losses?
             | 
             | Why not look at businesses second by second? Sometimes
             | you'll lose in 1 second what will take thousands of seconds
             | in profit to make up.
             | 
             | Largely corps distribute their profits to protect past
             | earnings against future losses, but risk short-term
             | insolvency which should be at their own risk.
             | 
             | Likely they funded the ongoing survival of business because
             | walking away from its equity value would have resulted in
             | greater losses.
        
       | stvswn wrote:
       | Fraud aside, which is a problem, the "forgiveness" of the loans
       | was the plan all along so it's not as if businesses were expected
       | to pay them back.
       | 
       | The program was really a bailout so businesses could maintain
       | their payrolls when everything was shutdown. Instead of writing
       | the checks directly, the government decided to frame it as a loan
       | that would be forgiven if businesses stayed in business and spent
       | it on their payrolls. This was a good strategy for the
       | government, because it would have been pretty tough to enforce
       | otherwise.
       | 
       | So the loan forgiveness was by _design_ and the point of the
       | program was to keep businesses alive when the governments
       | themselves were (for perhaps good reason) making it impossible
       | for them to operate. It's not really "forgiveness" in the sense
       | of, say, the college loan forgiveness program.
        
         | caseysoftware wrote:
         | > _So the loan forgiveness was by _design_ and the point of the
         | program was to keep businesses alive when the governments
         | themselves were (for perhaps good reason) making it impossible
         | for them to operate. It 's not really "forgiveness" in the
         | sense of, say, the college loan forgiveness program._
         | 
         | I think this is a key point.
         | 
         | The PPP "loans" effectively became a payout to mitigate the
         | chance & success of businesses suing the government en mass for
         | the shutdown orders.
         | 
         | When you sue an entity civilly, you have to show damages. The
         | PPP "loans" countered those damages (and often more) which
         | means the threshold for a successful lawsuit just got WAY
         | higher.
        
         | brightball wrote:
         | Exactly.
         | 
         | You kept people employed and on their employers insurance,
         | benefits, etc. You let businesses try to remain as operational
         | as possible during the shut down.
         | 
         | The alternative was going to be mass layoffs, unemployment and
         | medicaid/aca applications.
         | 
         | The people who keep harping on PPP seem to forget everything
         | else that was done in the same time period.
        
           | nrmitchi wrote:
           | There's a difference between people complaining about PPP as
           | a concept (which I don't think many are?) and complaining
           | about PPP abuse, funds being given to companies that were not
           | impacted by shut downs, straight up fraud, and people taking
           | PPP money and buying lambos.
        
           | tastyfreeze wrote:
           | There was another alternative of not forcing businesses to
           | shut down in the first place.
        
             | hirvi74 wrote:
             | From what I have gathered, 1.06 million Americans have died
             | from Covid. Are you implying that more people should have
             | been sacrificed to keep businesses profiting?
        
               | nrmitchi wrote:
               | Obviously. Grandparents should having been willing to
               | sacrifice themselves for the sake of the economy
               | 
               | /s
        
       | testfoobar wrote:
       | Indiscriminate programs like PPP were a direct contributor to the
       | inflation we see today.
        
         | 1MachineElf wrote:
         | As was the indiscriminate shutdowns of US businesses during the
         | pandemic - the PPP raison d'etre.
        
       | some_random wrote:
       | It's been interesting seeing people freak out about the stimulus
       | checks and student debt forgiveness and just... forget about PPP.
       | I don't get it.
        
         | phpisthebest wrote:
         | Then you are in a political bubble being spoon-feed reactionary
         | commentary, because there are all kinds of outrage over PPP
         | fraud and abuse
        
         | thomasjudge wrote:
         | $2.3 Trillion Trump tax cuts
        
         | onlyrealcuzzo wrote:
         | People get pissed off when their neighbor gets something and
         | they don't.
         | 
         | They aren't even usually aware when the rich guy in the other
         | neighborhood got a handout.
        
         | johncessna wrote:
         | Getting forgiveness on loans that you chose to take for a
         | school you couldn't afford otherwise is different than getting
         | money from the government after local governments forcibly shut
         | your business down.
        
         | xfsdfdsfd wrote:
         | It was bipartisan. Both parties voted for it. The student debt
         | forgiveness is not bipartisan and even controversial within the
         | Democratic Party.
        
         | ryandrake wrote:
         | It's also interesting that politicians want to means-check
         | every penny that goes to the general public, including the
         | stimulus and debt forgiveness but also welfare, food stamps,
         | medicaid, and so on. It's imperative that nobody is taking
         | advantage of the system! But when it comes to PPP and other
         | handouts to corporations, suddenly they have no way to means-
         | check or figure out in some other way whether the recipient
         | actually needs it.
        
           | ProfessorLayton wrote:
           | Interestingly this is missing an important piece of context
           | that led to PPP in the first place: A novel worldwide
           | pandemic that was/is killing a lot of people and _forced
           | businesses to close_ -- causing an _immediate and brutal_
           | financial emergency for small businesses in particular.
           | 
           | Small businesses account for roughly 60% of all jobs in the
           | U.S.
           | 
           | Yes, adding processes to reduce fraud would've been helpful
           | in reducing waste, but how do you suppose that should've
           | happened? What kind of infrastructure do we have to means
           | test that many businesses? Could it have happened within a
           | typical pay period or two? How were workers/businesses
           | supposed to eat and pay bills until then?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | anon291 wrote:
         | To be clear... I support stimulus checks and PPP, but not
         | student loan forgiveness.
         | 
         | I do believe that those whose educations wer disrupted by the
         | pandemic should be compensated by having their loans forgiven.
         | 
         | This has to do with government mandates causing monetary harm.
        
         | hirvi74 wrote:
         | It's also interesting how many politicians who received PPP
         | loans are against student debt forgiveness too.
        
         | houstonn wrote:
         | It is interesting how stimulus checks and PPP aren't treated
         | the same way. However, debt forgiveness is not the same. The
         | government did not compel students into debt. They did compel
         | businesses to close and people to lose their income.
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | This shuldn't be a surprise: they were always grants _de facto_.
       | They were simply implemented by wedging them into an existing
       | program which was a loan program.
       | 
       | If anything is surprising it's that less than 100% weren't
       | forgiven. As for fraud, well, the feds know how to prosecute it
       | whether it was for a loan or a grant.
        
       | jesuspiece wrote:
       | But student loan forgiveness is the problem, sure
        
       | fwipsy wrote:
       | Anyone else seeing massive memory usage (multiple gigabytes) in
       | Firefox under Ubuntu on opening this page?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | victor106 wrote:
       | PPP is one of the biggest frauds in modern America.
       | 
       | How could the US government allow this to happen is beyond me.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/LhhoQbzupug
        
       | axus wrote:
       | I've been really surprised that this hasn't been a political
       | issue. These loans were a good deal larger than the student loans
       | that've been forgiven, and a dream come true to anyone who's ever
       | made money from fraud.
        
         | newaccount2021 wrote:
        
         | MisterBastahrd wrote:
         | It's sort of interesting. Just the mental gamesmanship aspect
         | of the entire thing.
         | 
         | There are people who will swear up and down that welfare is the
         | root of all evil. That bootstrap pulling is necessary, that
         | there's opportunity for everyone regardless of their situation,
         | and that all you need is hard work and dedication to succeed in
         | the US. They will wring their hands about the federal deficit
         | and will howl about the size of the national debt. Just look at
         | the student loan forgiveness issue.
         | 
         | But if you dangle a $6K per head loan in front of them, with no
         | consequences whatsoever, every one of these same people will
         | take and say "what did you expect me to do? I've got a business
         | to run." Because for the vast majority of them, complaining
         | about welfare was never about their taxes, or even considering
         | the plight of the individuals who need the money.
         | 
         | It's about the thing that they complain the "woke" masses of
         | doing.
         | 
         | It's virtue signaling. It was never about the money. It was
         | about self-justification.
        
           | prottog wrote:
           | Is your point that people are hypocrites by complaining about
           | welfare and turning around and taking welfare for themselves
           | when it's offered with no strings attached? I suppose the
           | hypocrisy is true, but it also doesn't come with a lot of
           | weight. It'd be like pointing out that the people who post
           | "no human being is illegal" signs on their lawns don't
           | actually take in refugees or vagrants in their homes.
           | 
           | I don't know about welfare being the root of all evil, but
           | there are valid discussions to be had on that topic from
           | people arguing in good faith, and I think it's perfectly
           | justified for someone to feel that their taxes are too high
           | or that welfare benefits provide too much.
        
         | readams wrote:
         | PPP loans were always supposed to be forgiven from the
         | beginning. Nobody would have taken the loans otherwise. It was
         | not really a loan it was a payroll subsidy to keep the economy
         | from collapsing.
         | 
         | Also, this was actually authorized by Congress and not declared
         | by fiat in an enormous executive overreach.
        
           | leshow wrote:
           | If anything it's a good case of why "trickle down" economic
           | policies don't work very well. Many businesses who got the
           | loans still fired employees, the cost of each job saved was
           | high.
        
             | robswc wrote:
             | >Many businesses who got the loans still fired employees,
             | the cost of each job saved was high.
             | 
             | Which businesses? We're also looking with hindsight bias.
             | There's no way to see what would have happened if
             | businesses weren't bailed out.
        
             | Scoundreller wrote:
             | Yeah, just write every human a cheque and let the
             | businesses that are already teetering on bankruptcy without
             | anyone willing to rescue them go bankrupt.
        
               | leshow wrote:
               | Pretty flimsy strawman you've constructed there.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | We're arguing for the same thing.
        
         | efficax wrote:
         | giving away money to business owners is always OK by the lights
         | of people in power, since business owners help make the people
         | in power rich. giving money to loser normies who can't pay
         | their student loans? what's in it for them?
        
           | dmix wrote:
           | This is a cute theory but in reality it's far more likely to
           | be usual government malaise, laziness, and disregard for long
           | term consequences than some organized secret push by
           | millionaires with pull in the government.
        
             | colpabar wrote:
             | Yeah, anyone who thinks wealthy people have any pull in the
             | united states government and use it to make themselves more
             | wealthy must be some crazy alt right conspiracy theorist.
             | Probably a white nationalist too. We all know everyone in
             | the government is just dumb and all the trillions of
             | dollars they waste is just because they make mistakes in
             | excel and stuff.
        
               | prottog wrote:
               | Sure, one should always ask "Cui bono?", but it's equally
               | important to also examine the incentive structures at
               | play which drive the leviathan that is the government. At
               | its core, the trillions of dollars of wasteful spending
               | happens because politicians are rewarded for spending
               | money and punished for asking where that money comes from
               | or how effective the spending actually was, many years
               | later.
               | 
               | A good example is the Covid lockdowns that benefited the
               | likes of Amazon or Home Depot at the expense of Main
               | Street businesses. Cui bono? Certainly the wealthy class
               | did. But did they collude and whisper into the ears of
               | the halls of power in federal, state, and local levels
               | (which all played roles in lockdowns) to make sure that
               | people were forced to lock down harder and longer? No --
               | it's just the incentive structure. Politicians and
               | bureaucrats had the choice between being rewarded for
               | taking "decisive action" against the spread of the virus
               | or pilloried for doing nothing, even if in hindsight it
               | appears that we would have been better off doing nothing.
               | 
               | Stuff like this is precisely why conservatives argue for
               | limited government and more delegation of powers to lower
               | levels of government. It's much easier for a wealthy
               | person to have pull on a single US senator to make
               | themselves more wealthy, than for that same person to
               | have pull on twenty different state senators, or five
               | hundred different city councilors.
        
         | pirate787 wrote:
         | PPP fraud is a feature, not a bug.
        
           | Clent wrote:
           | Political memory is so fleeting. The bill was stripped of any
           | oversight by the allies of business.
        
         | houstonn wrote:
         | People are so used to watching billions of dollars go missing
         | or wasted that it has become background noise.
        
         | Aunche wrote:
         | I don't like PPP forgiveness, but at least it was voted on by
         | Congress. Also, student loan forgiveness is literally fueling
         | the problem that it's trying to solve. It will increase the
         | willingness to pay of people of college, so colleges will
         | increase tuition. Unlike businesses that reinvest their money
         | to expand, colleges reinvest their money to chase prestige, so
         | they have no incentive to keep prices constant.
        
         | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
         | It's not a political issue because both parties were in favor
         | of it.
        
         | prottog wrote:
         | I'm entirely unhappy about the whole PPP situation, but I think
         | the reason why it's taken up less space in public debates is
         | because ostensibly it was to compensate businesses for being
         | forced to close. Student loans had no equivalent government
         | mandate to have people take them on.
         | 
         | I would prefer the counterfactual where nobody was forced to
         | close (any longer than maybe the first couple of weeks) and
         | therefore nobody got helicopter money; but since that isn't
         | what happened, the next best thing would be aggressive
         | prosecution of fraud. One can dream.
        
           | PopAlongKid wrote:
           | PPP loans went to "job creators", always a favorite
           | politically-protected class.
           | 
           | >it was to compensate businesses for being forced to close
           | 
           | More specifically, it was to "protect paychecks", to keep
           | workers on the payroll who otherwise would have been let go.
           | Sometimes, but not always, one of those workers was the
           | business owner. In theory it was a pass-through benefit aimed
           | at workers, but the employers not only had the loans
           | forgiven, but also got a tax deduction for spending the
           | government's money, and even sweeter in some cases, got
           | increased tax basis in their business for the loan money they
           | never repaid.
        
             | indymike wrote:
             | Before I hit the unpopular opinion part, yes, PPP and EIDL
             | had a lot of fraudulent applications that were approved.
             | That said, I'll share a little of what I learned because my
             | company survived losing 85% of our revenue in 2020 because
             | of EIDL and PPP. I and my other cofounders took huge pay
             | cuts to get through 2020 and 2021, and without PPP we would
             | have been out of business, and 12 employees would have lost
             | their livelihoods.
             | 
             | > PPP loans went to "job creators", always a favorite
             | politically-protected class.
             | 
             | Both PPP and EIDL were to businesses. Not to individuals.
             | 
             | PPP was not a loan program. It was a grant. EIDL was a
             | loan, and that was the program that had forgiveness. Being
             | awarded PPP money required that you disclose payroll data
             | before, during and after, and if you failed to meet terms,
             | it would be converted to a loan. EIDL worked differently,
             | if you met forgiveness, a percentage of your loan would be
             | forgiven (I seem to recall 60% being the cap, but I could
             | be wrong). In PPP there were caps on the amount a business
             | owner could claim for their own compensation as a worker in
             | the business.
             | 
             | > got increased tax basis in their business for the loan
             | money they never repaid.
             | 
             | PPP was not a loan, it was a grant to cover payroll and
             | unavoidable (i.e. rent) expenses during the initial
             | lockdown. The IRS initially wanted to tax that (and for
             | small businesses, that is at the personal rate of the
             | owner) grant amount, which would have blunted the effect of
             | PPP by 25-30%. The Trump adminstration stepped in and told
             | the IRS to stand down, and changed the rules to prevent
             | that. The purpose of PPP was really to ensure that
             | businesses did not shut down permanently. The fact is that
             | most small business only have sufficient cash to handle
             | about 90 days of payroll and rent. Keeping the businesses
             | alive would enable a faster rebound, because there was a
             | study that estimated it would take eight years to re-grow
             | that sector if those businesses were forced to shut down.
        
               | adrr wrote:
               | What percentage of PPP loans went to businesses that
               | negative revenue impacts due to covid? PPP program was
               | poorly structured, forgiveness should have been based on
               | revenue impacts to the company which can be easily
               | measured by using previous tax payments.
               | 
               | We chose not take a PPP loan because our industry saw
               | record growth during Covid and it wasn't morally right to
               | take advantage of a program meant for struggling
               | businesses. Our competitors received money even though
               | they also had record revenue growth. We were punished for
               | doing the right thing because that capital could been
               | have been used to invest in the business.
        
               | indymike wrote:
               | > We were punished for doing the right thing because that
               | capital could been have been used to invest in the
               | business.
               | 
               | PPP had two goals: prevent business closures and layoffs,
               | and stimulate the business economy (companies were
               | cutting spending too). Yes, the capital could have been
               | used to invest in the business, hire more people, etc,
               | which all stimulate economic activity.
        
               | meetingthrower wrote:
               | Right, caps on owner "compensation", but profits go
               | directly to owner at end of year as a dividend. Or as
               | sibling mentions, as an incremental investment in the
               | business.
               | 
               | This was absolutely a lifesaver for some businesses
               | (hospitality industry, small biz retail.) But for the
               | other parts of the economy which kept working, it was
               | absolutely free money.
        
               | indymike wrote:
               | > but profits go directly to owner at end of year as a
               | dividend
               | 
               | That is not always the case. Sometimes there is no profit
               | to pay a dividend with. In a bad year, like 2020, that is
               | usually the case.
               | 
               | > But for the other parts of the economy which kept
               | working, it was absolutely free money.
               | 
               | Maybe, but I really think the image presented in a lot of
               | articles like this is PPP was just 100% fat cats getting
               | an extra serving of caviar. It was estimated at the time
               | PPP went into effect that we were at risk of losing 71%
               | of the small business economy, and that it would take
               | eight years for the sector to recover... which would have
               | been devastating to GDP, taxes and so on. The truth is
               | probably between 0 and 71%, and the recovery time could
               | have been less. I suspect PPP will be studied in the
               | future as a starting point for dealing with other massive
               | natural disasters that disrupt the national economy.
        
       | GartzenDeHaes wrote:
       | Politicians are not stupid and they are not incompetent. These
       | laws were very effective at their intended purpose of helping
       | political cronies steal the money. Whether it's emergency flu
       | fighting F35's or programs for the homeless that do not help the
       | homeless, these results are intentional.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | shagymoe wrote:
       | This is straight up theft.
        
       | ranprieur wrote:
       | Stop using the word "forgiven". Borrowing money is not morally
       | wrong. A better word is "canceled".
        
         | ontehuontuheou wrote:
        
       | ck2 wrote:
       | Crowdsource finding individual fraudsters with a bounty per
       | successful prosecution.
       | 
       | Is there a statute-of-limitation on prosecution?
        
       | Proven wrote:
        
       | bryanlarsen wrote:
       | AFAICT, there's nothing stopping the government from charging
       | recipients with fraud even after the loan is forgiven.
        
         | PopAlongKid wrote:
         | IRS advises that improperly forgiven Paycheck Protection
         | Program loans are taxable
         | 
         | https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/irs-advises-that-improperly-for...
        
           | peteradio wrote:
           | Taxable? At 110%?
        
             | dugmartin wrote:
             | They will just wait five years and the combined penalty and
             | fees will be 200%.
        
         | dsfyu404ed wrote:
         | >AFAICT, there's nothing stopping the government from charging
         | recipients with fraud even after the loan is forgiven.
         | 
         | Nothing except that peaky thing called political reality that
         | tends to get in the way of every ham-fisted enforcement action
         | that the pro-jackboot subset of any given democracy is calling
         | for at any particular minute.
         | 
         | Remember back when they tried hiring more IRS agents? The left
         | made memes about government turning the screws on the poors
         | once again. The right made memes about shooting feds. It was
         | very clear that few on either side of the isle supports that
         | kind of stuff right now.
         | 
         | Political reality precludes making even a suggestion of doing
         | that prior to November 9th or thereabouts. The PPP fraud is a
         | dead bloated deer in the middle of the political road at 3pm on
         | a Friday. And 2/2 employees of the animal control department
         | are hoping the weekend guy can deal with it if the coyotes
         | don't get to it first.
         | 
         | And frankly, I kind agree. It's water under the bridge at this
         | point and while the fraud was predicted it did mostly get
         | dumped into the economy as intended and there's no way to know
         | we didn't avert a worse crisis by doing that, fraud and all.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | This is what people forget. The mills of the gods grind slowly,
         | but they grind exceeding fine - the government will slowly
         | gather data and eventually charge some of the most egregious
         | examples of fraud.
         | 
         | Sadly, this usually is the people who tried a fraud for the
         | first time instead of those who are experts at repeated frauds.
         | Nobody follows the letter of the law like someone violating the
         | spirit.
        
           | kotlin2 wrote:
           | That just seems so unlikely. There were so many PPP loans
           | (over 10 million forgiven). The government can't possibly go
           | through even a small percentage of the fraudulent loans with
           | enough rigor to build a compelling case of fraud. We'll be
           | lucky if they reach 1000 cases of fraud.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Much of it will be people reporting fraud:
             | https://www.sba.gov/about-sba/oversight-advocacy/office-
             | insp...
             | 
             | I agree that they may hit a few thousands at most, and much
             | of the "fraud" is unprovable (e.g., companies that would
             | have survived without a PPP loan but got one anyway, etc).
        
               | megaman821 wrote:
               | Weren't the terms of the loan; Is your business being
               | negatively affected by COVID? Will you maintain your
               | payroll if you get this money? Under the lenient terms of
               | the loan, I don't see many real business having to worry
               | about fraud.
        
       | BWStearns wrote:
       | When I was in college in DC during the financial crisis, friends
       | and I were at a bar and some guy comes in and pays the whole
       | bar's tabs. Shouted "TARP MONEY!" and leaves. Pretty sure that
       | guy was doing some fraud, but he was nice enough to share so I
       | guess that's something.
       | 
       | It's hard to make a program like that quick enough to be
       | effective without allowing fraud so I get the free for all style
       | distribution. But especially with programs like TARP/PPP where
       | the recipients are generally _already wealthy_ and the payments
       | are relatively large, I'd like to see some after-the-fact
       | scrutiny where people who commit fraud are punished, otherwise it
       | reinforces the impression that money buys impunity.
        
         | jedberg wrote:
         | My guess is that person was against TARP and was trying to make
         | a political statement, since you couldn't really spend TARP
         | money like that.
        
         | HWR_14 wrote:
         | > t especially with programs like TARP/PPP where the recipients
         | are generally _already wealthy_ and the payments are relatively
         | large, I'd like to see some after-the-fact scrutiny
         | 
         | Or, here me out, we stop giving rich people money regardless. I
         | can see a program that protects businesses in 2020 since they
         | were shut down, but think we could have had a better program
         | than the PPP. I don't understand why we didn't just let
         | companies in 2008 go bankrupt. Can someone explain it to me?
        
         | pwinnski wrote:
         | Referring to "TARP/PPP" is misleading, IMO.
         | 
         | TARP disbursed $440 billion in exchange for assets, and
         | received back $443 billion to return those assets[0]. It made a
         | small profit for taxpayers.
         | 
         | PPP is... not that.
         | 
         | 0. https://www.thebalancemoney.com/tarp-bailout-program-3305895
        
           | BWStearns wrote:
           | I didn't mean to over-imply the similarities. I was mostly
           | pointing out that large scale interventions rightfully
           | sacrifice oversight for speed/impact, but that it'd be nice
           | to see more after the fact accountability.
        
         | varelse wrote:
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | The problem of course is that the review process is an enormous
         | problem and there just aren't that many people in charge of
         | reviewing them. I think a lot of people who are tuned into
         | grifting the government saw it as a huge opportunity.
        
         | ItsMonkk wrote:
         | It appears that we are heading into a recession as we speak.
         | 
         | What are law makers doing right now to prepare for the possible
         | effects of this recession? What are we doing to predict which
         | parts of the financial system will collapse? What are we doing
         | to prepare if CO-VID mutates into a deadly strain? We've known
         | for 30 years that the climate will change, have we done
         | anything to prepare for the consequences of that?
         | 
         | Why must we always need to react and pass TARP or PPP within a
         | week time-frame or the entire economy crumbles?
        
           | polski-g wrote:
           | We entered a recession at the start of this quarter.
        
             | ac29 wrote:
             | A recession hasn't been declared yet (though may be in the
             | future, retroactively including parts of this year).
             | Laypersons often define it as 2 quarters of negative GDP
             | growth, which has happened, but that is not the official
             | definition in the US. The actual definition is more
             | complex, and includes things like unemployment levels,
             | which are at generational lows.
        
               | seti0Cha wrote:
               | This argument always goes the same way, yet for some
               | reason I don't think I've seen it all the way to the end.
               | Let supply the next part:
               | 
               | The notion of an "official" definition, and that it must
               | be "declared" were introduced when the prior definition
               | indicated a recession and the powers that be either did
               | not want to admit there was one, or did not think this
               | one should really qualify.
               | 
               | Ok, that's part 3. Somebody supply part 4.
        
               | polski-g wrote:
               | > Laypersons often define it as 2 quarters of negative
               | GDP growth
               | 
               | No. No they do not. The official definition is 2 quarters
               | -- the layperson defines it to be whatever they feel
               | like.
        
             | jlmorton wrote:
             | This argument over the binary question of whether we are,
             | or not, in a recession is so strange.
             | 
             | If we are, it's the strangest recession I've ever
             | encountered, with sky-high, record levels of job openings,
             | rising wages, lots of robust job growth, expanding
             | manufacturing, rising prices, product shortages, etc.
             | 
             | There are a lot of headwinds, and the business cycle indeed
             | seems to have turned down. Based on rising rates, reduced
             | credit, and an increasing trend of layoffs, I bet we are
             | indeed heading into a recession.
             | 
             | But it sure does not feel like it currently.
        
           | jjtheblunt wrote:
           | > We've known for 30 years that the climate will change
           | 
           | to your point, archaeologists have been scuba diving to
           | sunken coastal Greek and Roman era cities all around
           | Mediterranean coasts for decades too, sunken from sea level
           | rising may meters over the last couple thousand years.
           | 
           | Just another interesting datapoint straight from National
           | Geographic magazines as a kid, before politicians really
           | grabbed hold of global warming.
        
             | ncmncm wrote:
             | Sea level rise finished ~8000 ya.
             | 
             | The sunken urban areas explored lately are mostly
             | subsidence, e.g. Heraklion off Egypt.
             | 
             | That said, there is a great deal of underwater urban stuff
             | off India not accounted for by subsidence. And a million
             | square miles off southeast Asia still unexplored, that
             | might or might not be urban. That would be any from before
             | 8kya.
        
             | Wyoming23 wrote:
             | That's not a "interesting datapoint" that's an unrelated
             | anecdote.
             | 
             | That's the climate change denialism equivalent of "my
             | grandma smoked her whole life and didn't get lung cancer,
             | so these scientists don't know what they're talking about".
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | It would not call it denialism I would call it taking a
               | different view that we can or should attempt to stop
               | climate change
               | 
               | There are 3 groups
               | 
               | 1. People that think we should stop at nothing, including
               | resetting the global economy, to stop climate change
               | 
               | 2. People that think Humanity can and will adapt to the
               | changing environment and that is the best course
               | 
               | 3. People that think nothing is changing, and everything
               | is fine
        
               | Wyoming23 wrote:
               | Number 1 is a strawman, written to paint people as
               | extremists.
               | 
               | Number 2 is naive and glib. Of course "humanity will
               | adapt", but that adaptation will be in the form of
               | horrific suffering for billions and lower quality of life
               | for everyone in the future.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | That only leaves group 3 then for your personal opinion
               | :-D
               | 
               | On a serious note, how would you categorize yourself?
               | i.e. what 4th group would you add?
        
               | Wyoming23 wrote:
               | That we should be treating climate crisis with the
               | urgency and severity that it warrants and taking
               | immediate action.
               | 
               | Create a flat carbon tax to make all products and
               | transportation reflect their true cost rather than
               | letting people profit by poisoning the commons. Remove
               | the artificial barriers to nuclear that make it cost
               | prohibitive to start a new plant. Allocate more resources
               | to re-training fossil fuel industry laborers into new
               | careers. Allocate more resources into finding technology
               | to make lower carbon cement, steel and fertilizer.
               | 
               | We don't need to radically alter the existing economy or
               | society. We need to make some minor tweaks so align
               | economic incentives, stop letting people freeload off of
               | polluting activities and allocate tax dollars to programs
               | that are more beneficial.
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | Number 2 is the only realistic plan, and all other plans
               | I have seen simply moves up the "horrific suffering for
               | billions" and/or "lower quality of life for everyone" in
               | a "rich" nation (and often further limited to the US
               | being the only nation that needs to pay)
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | I think you missed the most important group:
               | 
               | 4. People that think climate change is real, and
               | investments to mitigate damages should be weighed on a
               | cost/benefit basis.
               | 
               | That is to say, for a given change, how much will it hurt
               | people to mitigate it now vs later, given the time value
               | of money and exponential development.
               | 
               | People in #1 and #2 dogmatically believe the answer
               | always falls into act now or act later.
               | 
               | Luckily, most governments end up taking some sort of a
               | middle road between these extremes.
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | Meaning, of course, tragically.
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Im not actually sure of your meaning.
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | Climate catastrophe is imminent, and governments dragging
               | their feet are directly responsible. It is very far from
               | clear that civilization collapse will be averted.
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | So then you are in group 1.... Clearly.
               | 
               | Most people disagree
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | No, because almost everything that could be done about
               | averting climate catastrophe would be massively good for
               | the economy and global prosperity, immediately. It could
               | be uncomfortable for owners of coal mines and oil supply
               | chain companies.
               | 
               | You telegraph your sympathies.
               | 
               | Global civilization collapse followed by billions
               | starving and thermonuclear war will not end up good for
               | anybody. But with some luck you could die first,
               | something foot-draggers seem to count on. Why should they
               | risk any hint of (expected) discomfort for benefits they
               | would not anyway live to see? What have their
               | grandchildren ever done for them?
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | >>because almost everything that could be done about
               | averting climate catastrophe would be massively good for
               | the economy and global prosperity, immediately
               | 
               | ROFL.... nothing is further from the truth, the cost of
               | "green" energy is massively regressive for people in
               | "rich" nations like the US. Hell just the cost of
               | replacing gas cars with EV's would be HUGE on most
               | people, and EV can not replace every type of vehicle (see
               | people that have to tow anything)
               | 
               | That is not getting into the huge problem for norther
               | climates where sure Heat pumps have come a long way but
               | still are not as good as a NatGas for extreme cold
               | climate
               | 
               | There are countless other technological problems that
               | will make daily expenses of people massively more costly
               | than they are with traditional energy.
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | Where is the reasonable methods to stop climate change.
               | Things like limits on carbon emissions and coal power
               | plants. Or is anything that costs anyone a single dollar
               | "resetting the global economy"
        
               | jjtheblunt wrote:
               | I'm not sure where you're getting that, as I'm not
               | denying climate change at all.
               | 
               | I just thought the longer term cycles not man made are
               | interesting.
        
             | jjtheblunt wrote:
             | Note : i'm not arguing for denying climate change.
             | 
             | I just saw an interesting article about long term cycles
             | that predate the industrial era.
        
         | CrazyStat wrote:
         | > But especially with programs like TARP/PPP where the
         | recipients are generally _already wealthy_ and the payments are
         | relatively large, I'd like to see some after-the-fact scrutiny
         | where people who commit fraud are punished, otherwise it
         | reinforces the impression that money buys impunity.
         | 
         | This is happening, it's just slow. For example [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/california-man-sentenced-
         | over...
        
         | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
         | TARP is nothing like PPP though; the vast majority of TARP
         | bailout money was basically in the form of asset purchases
         | (equity stakes in banks, finance firms and insurance
         | companies), loan guarantees and finally outright loans to large
         | companies in the auto-industry.
         | 
         | Although there was an expectation that some of the asset
         | purchases might turn out to be valueless, or that loans not be
         | repaid; there was no concept of loan-forgiveness baked into the
         | bailout. Indeed, basically of the TARP money was repaid in
         | full.
         | 
         | PPP's definition of success, on the other hand, was that jobs
         | would be preserved, resulting in the forgiveness of the loans.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | > Indeed, basically of the TARP money was repaid in full.
           | 
           | Sorta. If you invested money at the bottom of the market in
           | late 08/early 2009 and only broke even several years later,
           | you must have set half the money on fire (edit: or embezzled
           | it).
        
             | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
             | TARP required the banks involved to issue preferred stock
             | for purchase by the Treasury; this prices more like bonds
             | than equities due to the fixed dividend.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Did they pay like $10 or less on each $25 par value or
               | something? Or did they buy at par at like a 10-12% or so
               | rate and duh, the banks redeemed them for par?
               | 
               | Still sounds like gov took the downside risk while
               | shielding themselves from the upside.
        
               | NovemberWhiskey wrote:
               | It was sold and par and redeemed at par.
               | 
               | Actually it's a bit more complicated, because the
               | preferred stock was also issued with 10 year warrants to
               | buy common stock with an exercise price based on the
               | company stock at the time of issuance. The warrants could
               | be repurchased at fair market value, or they would end up
               | being auctioned by the Treasury.
               | 
               | So the Treasury did also have upside participation. e.g.
               | Morgan Stanley repurchased its warrants for $950M vs. its
               | $10B preferred stock sale.
               | 
               | The preferred stock also came with all kinds of covenants
               | that related to government policy objectives (capping of
               | common stock dividends, initial limitations on redemption
               | absent a successful raising of equity, executive
               | compensation restrictions) which really frustrate the
               | notion of "pricing" this.
               | 
               | The point still remains; the premise of TARP was "the
               | only way the government loses the entire pot is if the
               | program fails disastrously and the entire financial
               | sector fails" whereas the premise of PPP was "the desired
               | outcome is that all the loans are forgiven and the
               | government loses the whole pot".
        
         | alistairSH wrote:
         | _t 's hard to make a program like that quick enough to be
         | effective without allowing fraud..._
         | 
         | Wasn't that the reasoning behind structuring PPP as loans? Get
         | the money out as a loan, then forgive/not-forgive later after
         | the borrower submits paperwork proving the funds were used
         | appropriately.
         | 
         | It appears that second phase isn't happening - the government
         | is just forgiving everything.
        
           | panarky wrote:
           | I don't know if that was ever stated as the rationale, but
           | many people inferred that it was.
           | 
           | It's a defensive inference, to defend our belief that
           | authorities wouldn't attempt to solve a crisis by just
           | transferring a trillion dollars from lower rungs on the
           | economic latter directly to higher rungs on the ladder.
           | 
           | We want to believe that the distribution of wealth is caused
           | by individual behavior, that every person deserves their
           | station in life however opulent or impoverished. We want to
           | ignore the systems of power and privilege that exploit the
           | low to further enrich the high.
           | 
           | But PPP strips away even the veneer of fairness and lays bare
           | the brutal mechanics of wealth distribution based on power
           | instead of contribution or merit.
           | 
           | Perhaps the reason PPP was structured as loans instead of
           | grants was to maintain that fig leaf of fairness, to allow us
           | to continue to defend the indefensible.
        
             | Wyoming23 wrote:
             | Do "we" believe any of that?
             | 
             | Everything you're suggesting here is just standard left-
             | wing political worldview wrapped in a narrative device of
             | "we believe <the system works>, but really it doesn't".
             | 
             | Also, ignoring fraud, wouldn't the flow of capital for PPP
             | be primarily to the lower rungs, not from them? The money
             | was to keep paying hourly wage employees in factories and
             | retail while the business was shut down, right?
             | 
             | Maybe I'm mistaken about how the program worked, but I
             | thought it was essentially the government stepping in to
             | provide funds for payroll.
        
               | Loughla wrote:
               | >Also, ignoring fraud, wouldn't the flow of capital for
               | PPP be primarily to the lower rungs, not from them? The
               | money was to keep paying hourly wage employees in
               | factories and retail while the business was shut down,
               | right?
               | 
               | That's sort of the entire narrative here, though. In
               | theory, you are correct. BUT - the "loans" being forgiven
               | across the board is, essentially, removing the step where
               | businesses prove that the money was used for what it was
               | supposed to be used for. So, absent concrete proof, it is
               | easy to speculate that this was just another wealth
               | transfer to the top.
               | 
               | Will we ever know? Probably not. But it's one more thing
               | to throw onto the outrage bonfire for every side. It
               | gives the left something to talk about (look at the
               | wealth transfer to the rich). It give the right something
               | to talk about (look at this gross overspend by the
               | government). It gives the middle something to talk about
               | (look at how smart we are knowing that this would
               | happen).
               | 
               | And it's all political theater.
               | 
               | These are my opinions.
               | 
               | Edit: that being said, look at the comments in this
               | thread for literal arguments that are examples of every
               | single point in that last paragraph.
        
               | panarky wrote:
               | That's a great example of the power of Orwellian naming.
               | Only 25% of "Paycheck Protection" funds "trickled down"
               | to workers, while 75% was hoarded by owners.
               | 
               | If the objective is to get cash into the pockets of
               | workers, you can just give it to them directly, and
               | they'll get 100% of it.
               | 
               | The only possible rationale for implementing a Rube
               | Goldberg system like PPP is if you intend for the vast
               | majority of the funds to get siphoned off by the wealthy
               | long before it makes it down to workers.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | > If the objective is to get cash into the pockets of
               | workers, you can just give it to them directly, and
               | they'll get 100% of it.
               | 
               | That objective was achieved by opening up the
               | unemployment taps.
               | 
               | The objective of PPP was to prevent the destruction of
               | half the businesses in the economy, which would have had
               | knock-on-effects that would have taken years and decades
               | to fully unravel.
               | 
               | Think of the bullwhip effect in supply chains that
               | everyone's been bitching about for the past two years.
               | Now, multiply it times ten, because half the participants
               | in the economy _collapsed_ , and their replacements have
               | not gotten their shit together yet, and won't for another
               | five years.
               | 
               | Businesses collapsing, and ~identical businesses re-
               | opening next year destroys massive amounts of value. The
               | value was in the human knowledge, connections, contracts,
               | and relationships between them and their
               | suppliers/customers. You lose _all_ of that. PPP was a
               | stop-gap measure to reduce the # of these losses.
        
               | MarkMarine wrote:
               | I think you're thinking of this in a binary sense, like
               | we can either pay the business owners and they will
               | <maybe> pay their employees and then it will be forgiven
               | OR we let those people lose their job and go on
               | unemployment. Those aren't the only options, but even if
               | they were, in the semi industry it was fairly common for
               | the whole company I worked for to shut down for a week or
               | two if the semi economy isn't cranking. We all went on
               | unemployment or took vacation, and came back to our jobs
               | when the company opened again.
               | 
               | But, unemployment isn't the only thing we can use,
               | because it does have strings. We expect you to be looking
               | for another job every week, and proving it. The social
               | security system is setup to distribute money to every
               | American with a social security number, in a far more
               | streamlined system. There are also nice systems in place
               | that limit the amount you get from social security in the
               | case that you're earning more than a limit. I think
               | social security being extended to all Americans, letting
               | them stay "at" their job even if it was shut down, and
               | setting a floor for income at this time which would make
               | sure the business owners were also able to buy their
               | basic essentials, but not Lamborghinis, would have been
               | the right move. I understand this would require something
               | to help businesses with rent while they were unable to
               | operate. A national rent holiday to cover the emergency
               | of the pandemic would be one idea, or bailing out the
               | banks that were effected.
               | 
               | The way this was implemented isn't the only way it could
               | be implemented is all I'm saying, lots of countries did
               | it other ways, and they didn't collapse in on themselves
               | at the end of covid. The PPP program is not the only
               | solution to keeping workers connected to their jobs, but
               | it sure did create a lot of opportunities for fraud.
               | There are podcasts that took hundreds of thousands of
               | dollars of PPP money. A podcast.
        
               | vkou wrote:
               | Sure, there are other solutions, and you've given
               | examples of decent ones (rent holidays, mortgage
               | jubilees, etc), and in a better world, we would have
               | undertaken them.
               | 
               | We don't live in a better world, finance has a
               | stranglehold on our politics, and PPP was a better
               | alternative than no-PPP. There's much to criticise it,
               | and I don't think it was the best among all possible
               | options, but I do think it was vastly better than nothing
               | (Or just paying people through UI, while their employers
               | fold).
        
               | buttercraft wrote:
               | Unless it changed, PPP loan forgiveness required that you
               | spend something like 80% on payroll.
        
               | mring33621 wrote:
               | 'required'
        
               | aqme28 wrote:
               | You're commenting on a thread about widespread fraud in
               | the program.
        
               | buttercraft wrote:
               | Yes, and I was responding to the parent's claims about
               | the rationale behind the program.
        
           | gumby wrote:
           | An existing program through the SBA was used as it was the
           | fastest way to get cash out the door. That program happened
           | to be a loan program, so they were structured that way with
           | an almost automatic forgiveness.
           | 
           | Think of it as an API adaptor.
        
           | Scoundreller wrote:
           | I think the "loan" structure was to allow the corps to defer
           | the revenue.
           | 
           | It let them flush themselves with cash while claim a loss on
           | paper and reduce/reverse their taxes that year.
        
             | panarky wrote:
             | PPP payments are not "revenue" and they're not taxable
             | income. Owners and shareholders can dividend this cash to
             | themselves while still claiming operating losses.
        
           | [deleted]
        
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