[HN Gopher] The Amiga Story: Conceived at Atari, Born at Commodo...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Amiga Story: Conceived at Atari, Born at Commodore (2016)
        
       Author : wslh
       Score  : 47 points
       Date   : 2022-10-08 14:45 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (lowendmac.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (lowendmac.com)
        
       | MarkusWandel wrote:
       | Technically it's not the blitter (a fast way to move bits around)
       | that allowed the machine to have 4096 colours. All you need for
       | that is 4-bit RGB DACs and appropriate colour lookup tables. And
       | enough memory to store, say, 5 bitplanes (32 colour lookup table)
       | at 320x200 = 40KB of memory, which up to this point had been
       | prohibitively much, e.g. in a machine with only 64KB of memory.
        
         | unwind wrote:
         | Yeah, that part:
         | 
         |  _The Lorraine chipset was also very powerful. It took
         | advantage of blitters, chips that allowed information to bypass
         | the CPU completely. Thanks in part to the blitters on the
         | mainboard, the machine was capable of displaying up to 4,096
         | colors._
         | 
         | Was really confused-sounding. The Amiga only had one blitter,
         | and it was not a discrete chip (part of Agnus I think). The
         | "bypassing" is probably a reference to the DMA that the custom
         | chips used in order to work independently from the CPU.
         | 
         | I grew up/learnt coding on the Amiga, loved it sooo much.
         | 
         | Edit: copypasta fix.
        
           | andoma wrote:
           | Cut my teeth on the Amiga as well. Still have the Amiga
           | Hardware Reference Manual in my bookshelf. Can't throw it out
           | now? I was around 11-12 years old when I started to program
           | on it. Certainly didn't understand some parts, in particular
           | I remember the blitter's truth table [0] was confusing to me
           | at the time. But it was a pang of nostalgia when I realized
           | the new AVX-512 VPTERNLOGx [1] instructions uses the exact
           | same table as the Amiga's blitter. Must be a perfect fit for
           | Amiga emulators :)
           | 
           | [0] https://wiki.amigaos.net/wiki/Graphics_Minterms [1]
           | https://www.felixcloutier.com/x86/vpternlogd:vpternlogq
        
             | acherion wrote:
             | > Still have the Amiga Hardware Reference Manual in my
             | bookshelf. Can't throw it out now?
             | 
             | If you do decide to ever dispose of the book, please don't
             | throw it away. Sell it so that this knowledge can be passed
             | down to someone who wants to learn. Reprints of these kinds
             | of books aren't being made anymore, and the only other
             | knowledge source would be (rather old) programmers from the
             | time, who aren't around forever.
        
               | moosedev wrote:
               | I also spent some of my formative technical years on the
               | Amiga. The Amiga Hardware Reference Manual is available
               | on archive.org for posterity:
               | https://archive.org/details/amiga-hardware-reference-
               | manual-...
               | 
               | I support not throwing out a real, original copy, though
               | :-)
               | 
               | As I get older I enjoy reading 30+ year old technical
               | books and learning more about how those old systems
               | worked, more than I do learning the latest framework or
               | language features. It's intrinsically satisfying, but not
               | so great for the career...
        
         | codeflo wrote:
         | Maybe what's meant is that the blitter allowed the machine to
         | practically deal with the amount of data that so many colors
         | required. The C64 could display more colors in static images
         | than in animated sprites.
        
         | bitwize wrote:
         | Well, you're right but kinda not right. The Amiga's design was
         | really cohesive, and the blitter did help enable larger color
         | output than would otherwise have been possible, in a kind of
         | roundabout way.
         | 
         | See, the RAM chips of the day were too slow to push out more
         | than a few bits per pixel during scanout. The workaround for
         | this was planar graphics modes, which allowed the video chip to
         | receive color information from multiple RAM chips at the same
         | time, each chip supplying one bit of the color data for the
         | pixel. But in order to compose a display using the CPU, you had
         | to use multiple blits -- one for each plane of the image -- and
         | each time, if you wanted to blit to arbitrary locations, you
         | would have to AND a mask onto the source image and then OR in
         | the destination image because each plane has bits for 8 pixels
         | packed into a single byte. This was possible on the PC, but
         | slow; and PC planar graphics modes had 4bpp max. With 5bpp it
         | would have been intolerable. (Really, planar graphics is a
         | bitch; even the Amiga developers knew this, which is one reason
         | why they put the Akiko chip in the Amiga CD32 to do chunky-to-
         | planar conversions so programmers can write code assuming
         | chunky.)
         | 
         | One of the things the Amiga blitter handles is drawing bitmaps
         | to arbitrary locations in planar graphics modes much faster
         | than the CPU could do, enabling fast displays with more colors
         | than other machines could handle.
         | 
         | The real color magic on the Amiga, though, was Hold and Modify
         | -- which allowed for all 4096 colors theoretically on screen at
         | once within contemporary memory speed and size constraints, in
         | a way that wouldn't have been prohibitively taxing without that
         | special support.
        
       | jcadam wrote:
       | I still have my AmigaDOS reference manual on my bookshelf.
       | Occasionally someone will recognize it in a zoom meeting.
        
       | JeremyReimer wrote:
       | The Amiga was (and still is!) an amazing machine.
       | 
       | If you liked this article and would like to read more, I'll take
       | this opportunity to plug my History of the Amiga series on Ars
       | Technica: https://arstechnica.com/series/history-of-the-amiga/
        
         | twsted wrote:
         | Wonderful article, Jeremy, I have read it multiple times.
         | 
         | Highly recommended.
        
       | BashiBazouk wrote:
       | My housemate had an Amiga 1000. Cool computer for the time and we
       | played many a video game on it. One day the floppy drive died. We
       | bought a compatible floppy drive and opened it up. There was a
       | aluminum shield over the drive and most the components that
       | required a large number of screws to remove. I've had easier
       | times opening up a laptop to fix something than that pain in ass
       | 1000...
        
         | acherion wrote:
         | Commodore took radio shielding rather seriously back then. The
         | wedge Amigas (A500, A600 and A1200) also had excessive metal
         | shielding everywhere. A lot of Amiga owners nowadays just
         | dispose of that as it always gets in the way when you have to
         | fix the next thing that breaks in these machines.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-10-08 23:01 UTC)