[HN Gopher] The Alternative Genesis Block of Bitcoin
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       The Alternative Genesis Block of Bitcoin
        
       Author : crecker
       Score  : 121 points
       Date   : 2022-10-08 08:04 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (serhack.me)
 (TXT) w3m dump (serhack.me)
        
       | thisisnotapipe wrote:
       | > Who Is Behind Satoshi?
       | 
       | Curiously, the most credible candidate [1] is practically never
       | mentioned, while that complete and utter Faketoshi clown always
       | is...
       | 
       | [1] https://chainbulletin.com/the-unmasking-satoshi-aftermath
        
         | endorphine wrote:
         | To add to the speculation, some claim that Len Sassaman is also
         | a strong candidate.
        
           | chromatin wrote:
           | Len seems much more likely than Nick, based on what I have
           | read, but curiously he is mentioned much less frequently.
        
           | px43 wrote:
           | I'd not heard that theory, but I remember when Dan Kaminsky
           | put the BitLen tribute into the blockchain, and it was
           | definitely more about Dan screwing with weird tech, and
           | realizing that anything he put there would be there forever
           | right around the time that a good friend of his passed away.
           | Dan was super skeptical about cryptocurrencies, and most of
           | what he did around the space was finding weird ways to fuck
           | with it.
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Thanks, I did not know about this!
        
         | lawn wrote:
         | It's a completely ridiculous claim that Adam Back is Satoshi.
         | He's just not smart enough.
        
         | yucky wrote:
         | The most likely candidate is the NSA.
        
           | z3c0 wrote:
           | If that were true, it would have already been 51%'d by the
           | backdoor they left themselves.
        
             | yucky wrote:
             | Why would they want to destroy their creation, that makes
             | no sense.
        
               | z3c0 wrote:
               | The NSA has a poor track record with cryptography, often
               | being audacious enough to believe that their backdoors in
               | common encryption standards wouldn't be found by anyone.
               | So much so that the idea of them being behind Bitcoin at
               | the same time that they were gutting modern encryption
               | is... Well, laughable, really.
               | 
               | https://blog.cr.yp.to/20220805-nsa.html
        
         | olalonde wrote:
         | Nick Szabo[0] is the more likely candidate in my opinion, but I
         | doubt that it's either of them. Adam Back was quite late to the
         | game and initially dismissed Bitcoin.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nick_Szabo
        
           | sph wrote:
           | Every time people mention Szabo, and every time someone needs
           | to debunk this rumour. I'm on the phone, so it won't be me
           | this time.
           | 
           | One of the many argument against this theory is that Szabo is
           | not much of a computer programmer, and Satoshi was very
           | fluent with C++ among other skills.
           | 
           | There's Hal Finney, the creator of PGP, which was a good
           | programmer, a cypherpunk, and died a few years ago. The fact
           | that Satoshi has shown inhuman restraint in showing up or
           | saying a single world since 201x would be neatly explained if
           | they were dead.
           | 
           | I already talked at length about this, but no human would be
           | able to keep their mouth shut and assets frozen if they were
           | alive today and held a few billion dollars and spiritual
           | reigns of the most controversial economic invention of the
           | century. Not a single one.
           | 
           | Let alone with the best opsec ever seen not to be nabbed,
           | identified or killed by any of the major intelligence
           | agencies in the world.
           | 
           | Occam's razor.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | I specifically said I didn't think it was Szabo... I agree
             | that Satoshi is probably dead, but I don't think it's Hal
             | Finney either. It's most probably someone who isn't on
             | anyone's radar.
        
             | withinboredom wrote:
             | or they were from the future... :tinfoil-hat:
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | There are many billionaires, far more noisy and opsecless
             | than Satoshi, who have never been "nabbed" by anyone.
        
             | Stagnant wrote:
             | I think it is very unlikely to be Hal Finney either. Andy
             | Greenberg's interview with Finney a few months prior to his
             | death, with Finney's wife and son also being present
             | convinced me of that at least. https://www.forbes.com/sites
             | /andygreenberg/2014/03/25/satosh...
        
           | zadler wrote:
           | Adam back wasn't late to the game, he was there in 1998.
        
             | olalonde wrote:
             | To the Bitcoin game. He only started showing interest in
             | Bitcoin when it was well into the multi billion$ market
             | cap.
        
         | px43 wrote:
         | No, not Adam. I remember reading Adam's Hashcash paper back in
         | 2003 or so, excited for how it might lead to cryptocurrency,
         | but he was completely uninterested in the topic. Apparently
         | Satoshi tried to get him involved early on, and Adam ignored
         | him. My understanding is that he was pretty rude to anyone who
         | tried talking to him about Bitcoin.
         | 
         | It wasn't until Bitcoin went over 1000 dollars that Adam
         | finally realized he could cash in on the reference to his
         | paper. That was when he finally got involved, founding
         | Blockstream, hinting towards people that he was more involved
         | with the early project. He hired up a bunch of Bitcoin devs,
         | and basically ruined the network for everyone, trying to pivot
         | everyone heavily towards Lightning so they could extract fees
         | to pay back investors.
         | 
         | Kleiman seems like an obvious top contender in my opinion.
         | 
         | https://gizmodo.com/the-strange-life-and-death-of-dave-kleim...
        
           | rufusroflpunch wrote:
           | > ruined the network
           | 
           | Pretty sure it's doing just fine.
           | 
           | Maybe I am reaching here, but by "ruining the network" I
           | assume you mean that you are blaming him Adam for the small
           | blockers winning, in which case the network is better off for
           | it.
        
         | kuba___ wrote:
         | despite he's mentioned in this article he is barely mentioned -
         | paul le roux. he had skills, money and the timing of his
         | capture and satoshi's disappearance are right.
        
       | kang wrote:
       | The original thread is more interesting:
       | https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=382374.msg4108815#ms...
       | 
       | ...& bitcointalk has many more ideas OP might wanna fill his blog
       | with
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Thanks, I might expand this in a new article :) This seemed to
         | be too long for some readers.
        
           | kang wrote:
        
             | crecker wrote:
             | Verbose? Explaining data structures to newbie is verbose,
             | isn't it? Off-topic?
             | 
             | And then a different hash from the hardcoded value in the
             | code? Not quite sure. You need to verify your sources. You
             | can easily verify the hash of the pre-genesis block
             | yourself: https://www.reddit.com/r/btc/comments/7o0ejr/has_
             | anyone_trie...
             | 
             | If you mean a different hash from the actual genesis block
             | of Bitcoin, released on 3rd January 2009, of course it's
             | different. We're talking about two different networks.
        
             | how_rude wrote:
             | How rude.
        
             | keeran wrote:
             | Yet there it is at the top of HN.
        
             | pcdoodle wrote:
             | Who peed in your cheerios this morning?
        
           | wslh wrote:
           | I put a comprehensive research blog at:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33131459
        
             | crecker wrote:
             | Thanks, I noticed that only now!
        
       | finaltrap wrote:
        
       | TekMol wrote:
       | The article links to the first version of the source code:
       | 
       | https://s3.amazonaws.com/nakamotoinstitute/code/bitcoin-nov0...
       | 
       | Reading it now.
       | 
       | It seems beautiful except for the strange fact that there is a
       | random number of empty lines between the code blocks.
       | 
       | Why would someone who obiviously likes the beauty of code and
       | writing in general not fix those?
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | > Why would someone who obiviously likes the beauty of code and
         | writing in general not fix those?
         | 
         | Because that code is heavily edited, prepared for a review. For
         | sure there are some missing comments (e.g. see "debug print" on
         | line 112 compared to line 1042).
        
           | TekMol wrote:
           | Who edited it?
           | 
           | And why did they leave everything else intact except for
           | those empty lines between the function blocks?
        
             | crecker wrote:
             | Who knows? The person or people behind Satoshi identity. I
             | believe that the person who posted that source code on
             | BitcoinTalk forum has already stated that he merely
             | copied&pasted the code (so he did not introduce any weird
             | formatting).
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | hurlern wrote:
       | What if the identity of Satoshi Nakimoto is just some guy who
       | almost no-one has ever heard of, not a famous cryptographer?
       | 
       | Perhaps he's a software developer working a modest job in some
       | company somewhere, chuckling to himself as he reads all these
       | outlandish conspiracy theories about his identity.
       | 
       | Maybe he retired to make cheese as a hobby. Maybe he's now an old
       | man with a pipe and a walking stick who regularly enjoys the
       | company of his grandkids. Maybe he died and took the secret with
       | him to the grave. Not as fun to think about, but if so, it'll
       | happen some day, and the mystery will remain forever.
        
         | antupis wrote:
         | I would say Nakamoto was probably Hal Finley and guy is dead so
         | we probably never know the truth.
        
       | chatterhead wrote:
        
       | vmsp wrote:
       | Slightly off topic, but the site seems to be generated by
       | "Olivetti 0.104.3". Has anyone heard of this static site
       | generator? Google's not helping.
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Hahah it's gohugo but I wanted to customize a little bit. It's
         | a funny easter egg to mention the incredible genius behind
         | Olivetti
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | finaltrap wrote:
        
       | im3w1l wrote:
       | > the source code does not contain all the files needed to
       | generate a binary.
       | 
       | This strikes me as the action of a self-conscious individual,
       | that also needs the validation of an external group because he is
       | working alone.
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Yes, correct. But why including such specific parts? This was
         | my question after that phrase :)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | dnhk21 wrote:
       | It recently surfaced that Elon Musk's x.com email was active on
       | the original Cypherpunk mailing list. https://mailing-list-
       | archive.cryptoanarchy.wiki/authors/x_x_...
       | 
       | In 1998.
        
         | permo-w wrote:
         | what does that imply?
        
           | lupire wrote:
           | Elon or one of his associates was interested in
           | cypherpunking.
        
       | mouzogu wrote:
       | Adam Back seems like the kind of clumsy genius who would lose his
       | seed phrase and also somehow manage to hide in plain sight.
       | 
       | I read somewhere that satoshi nakamoto means central intelligence
       | in japanese, not sure if thats true.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | > satoshi nakamoto means central intelligence in japanese
         | 
         | It does not.
        
         | mouzogu wrote:
         | I need to stop commenting on this board.
        
         | drexlspivey wrote:
         | Seed phrases did not exist until at least 4 years later
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | Adam Back is neither a genius nor satoshi.
        
           | Kiro wrote:
           | How do you know?
        
             | adastra22 wrote:
             | Well, I know Adam Back personally, but this is an anon
             | account so I won't say more.
             | 
             | He has also made numerous flubs when describing bitcoin
             | that betray a lack of understanding of the incentives
             | underlying bitcoin which satoshi would have known.
             | 
             | The type of ecash he wrote about prior to bitcoin was
             | fundamentally very different. Bitcoin is not an evolution
             | of hashcash like systems. It is fundamentally different by
             | embracing an eventually consistent model which was
             | antithetical to the approaches taken by Back, Szabo, etc.
        
       | FabHK wrote:
       | It's a bad article. As one example:
       | 
       | > The transaction in the first block is a coinbase transaction --
       | consisting of an input and an output. We recognize that it is a
       | coinbase transaction (i.e. coin creation) from one key element:
       | The number of inputs is equal to 1 (this condition is explicit in
       | Satoshi's code).
       | 
       | That's not what's characteristic for a coinbase transaction, many
       | transactions might have only one input. What's characteristic is
       | that the input comes out of no-where, so to speak, and has no
       | predecessor. In other words, it's the second part of the
       | condition below, not the first one, that characterises CoinBase:
       | bool IsCoinBase() const         {             return (vin.size()
       | == 1 && vin[0].prevout.IsNull());         }
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | > That's not what's characteristic for a coinbase transaction,
         | many transactions might have only one input.
         | 
         | Yes, you're correct. Thank you for the clarification, however I
         | wanted to mark the check found on the source code. By the way,
         | "bad article": I think you're a little bit over exaggerating.
        
           | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
           | > By the way, "bad article": I think you're a little bit over
           | exaggerating.
           | 
           | With all due respect, you might be a little bit biased.
        
             | crecker wrote:
             | With all due respect, you're not adding anything to
             | discussion. HN really surprises me every day. :/
        
       | top_secret_fact wrote:
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Let me ring you in a bit. Can I also order a pizza?
        
       | sherlocknakamot wrote:
        
       | Smaug123 wrote:
       | I'm not sure if the author is a programmer as such, but there are
       | a few inferences which seem unjustified to me.
       | 
       | For example,
       | 
       | > However, it is possible to reveal a very important detail about
       | Satoshi Nakamoto's personality. The fact that Satoshi chose the
       | genesis block with a certain timestamp (which included the
       | sentence in the UK Times article) makes one realize how much
       | preparation and meticulousness was behind Satoshi's identity.
       | 
       | This is immediately following a code snippet in which it is clear
       | that _some_ value must be hard-coded; it would be the work of
       | seconds to think up a value that was funny or meaningful. I don
       | 't see why this indicates any preparation or meticulousness.
       | 
       | Another example:
       | 
       | > The other comment that arouses curiosity is this one: //// is
       | this all we want to do if there's a file error like this?
       | 
       | > Who was Satoshi referring to when speaking in the plural?
       | 
       | Isn't this completely normal in programming? I only ever use the
       | plural first person in code unless I'm specifically referring to
       | myself as a human (in the same way that academic writing uses the
       | plural).
        
         | ouid wrote:
         | The academic we isn't even mandated style I don't think. You
         | always think of yourself as explaining to a student who is
         | working with you to do the things
        
         | frozencell wrote:
         | Competent programmer seem to use a neutral style '// this thing
         | does stuff' , not '// here i do that so etc.'.
         | 
         | Satoshi is mostly an anonymous group of cypherpunks forums
         | users.
        
           | hnbad wrote:
           | Competent programmers don't write comments.
           | 
           | Yeah, that's a ridiculous generalisation but so is yours.
           | Neither of your examples strikes me as something I'd expect a
           | "competent programmer" (read: seasoned developer) to write.
           | In fact, I find the former more suspicious because it assumes
           | the code is correct (which, if I have to read the comments,
           | it probably isn't) rather than clarifying the intent of the
           | code.
           | 
           | Maybe we shouldn't draw extreme conclusions based on
           | arbitrary details that are neither here nor there. Nothing
           | about the code in the article strikes me as evidence that the
           | author must have been a solo dev or can't have been a solo
           | dev. However my experience tells me it's more likely that it
           | was a solo dev because I've seen solo devs write far more
           | interesting and far more complicated programs than the
           | original Bitcoin stuff and it's harder to keep a secret the
           | more people are involved.
        
         | throw101010 wrote:
         | If this "we" was meticulously used it might also be that
         | Satoshi was very conscious that this code would have to be ran
         | by someone else who reviewed it before an actual consensus-
         | driven network would arise.
         | 
         | So effectively "we" in this context could be anyone who thought
         | that this code would become _law_ for that network.
        
         | BrianHenryIE wrote:
         | The author, Serhack, is a prominent developer in the Monero
         | community, and has written a book "Mastering Monero"
        
           | crecker wrote:
           | Thanks for the introduction! :)
        
         | probably_wrong wrote:
         | > _Isn 't this completely normal in programming?_
         | 
         | It's common in academic writing too. And many of those
         | academics end up writing code too.
         | 
         | From Knut's course [1] on mathematical writing:
         | 
         | > _But this use of "we" should be used in contexts where it
         | means "you and me together", not a formal equivalent of "I".
         | Think of a dialog between author and reader. In most technical
         | writing, "I" should be avoided, unless the author's persona is
         | relevant._
         | 
         | [1] https://jmlr.csail.mit.edu/reviewing-
         | papers/knuth_mathematic...
        
           | matthewdgreen wrote:
           | I tend to believe that if Satoshi was an academic (well, at
           | very least a computer scientist) the white paper would have
           | been written in LaTeX rather than _in the style_ of a LaTeX
           | article but actually in OpenOffice (at least according to the
           | PDF metadata.)
        
             | ZiiS wrote:
             | I tend to believe that someone with the internet notoriety
             | of Satoshi who preserved thier privacy for over a decade
             | faked every single bit of metadata.
        
               | dopidopHN wrote:
               | Fair point really.
        
           | geokon wrote:
           | My impression is that it's simply from the fact that most
           | papers have multiple authors - so it's a bit incorrect to use
           | the singular even if only one person writes the text (you're
           | speaking on behalf of your "collective"). This carries over
           | to other forms like textbooks
           | 
           | It also functions like the passive voice and makes it sound a
           | bit like the author is less individually responsible for the
           | words he says
           | 
           | My personally impression is that using "I" sounds more
           | honest/direct and less evasive than "we". I've never seen it
           | used outside of blogs though :/
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | fire wrote:
           | yeah I do it in comments because the present me is not the
           | only one that'l be reading them. Future me is basically a
           | totally different person as far as my commenting is concerned
        
           | kodah wrote:
           | I like Knuth's take. Personally I do it to signal, "I'm
           | looking to work with people on this". Some of my hobby
           | projects consequently have notes from my perspective which
           | read as more journalesque.
           | 
           | I agree with OP, this interpretation is reading a bit much
           | into code comments without asking a single programmer the
           | norms of programming.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rajman187 wrote:
         | As a funny aside, the author of one of the early works on
         | wavelets [1] employed the first person plural pronoun with a
         | footnote on the first page defining it as the "Royal we"
         | 
         | [1] https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/abs/10.2514/6.1994-2280
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Hi! OP here, thanks for your comment. Please note that I'm not
         | a native English speaker so probably during translation I might
         | have miswritten concepts as I intended. Let me explain.
         | 
         | The fact that he released the first genesis block on 3rd
         | January 2009 with the sentence of UK Times article is not
         | casual. We can see from the first version of the source code
         | that his network was ready many days before that date. Was he
         | waiting for "fixing issues"? No, he ended up clearly with a
         | release that contained many errors (e.g. amount created in
         | genesis block can not be spent).
         | 
         | > Isn't this completely normal in programming? I only ever use
         | the plural first person in code unless I'm specifically
         | referring to myself as a human (in the same way that academic
         | writing uses the plural).
         | 
         | Yeah, I do agree. However if you notice there are some comments
         | written in a particular style ( with double slashes //) and
         | there are some others written with four slashes. It's really
         | weird to have both styles on codes, unless there are more
         | people (>= 1) that work on the code or that reviews the code.
         | 
         | In addition to this, please understand that none of my content
         | must be taken as the only truth in this world, so I'm open to
         | any discussions about those weird things I noticed :)
        
           | throw827474737 wrote:
           | > The fact that he released the first genesis block on 3rd
           | January 2009 with the sentence of UK Times article is not
           | casual. We can see from the first version of the source code
           | that his network was ready many days before that date. Was he
           | waiting for "fixing issues"? No, he ended up clearly with a
           | release that contained many errors (e.g. amount created in
           | genesis block can not be spent).
           | 
           | Sounds almost more like fair instead of a bug, but nommatter
           | what, time going by between "finishing" and releasing is also
           | more than normal on various levels for many reasons?!
           | 
           | > It's really weird to have both styles on codes, unless
           | there are more people (>= 1) that work on the code or that
           | reviews the code.
           | 
           | Hmm, no definitely no.. either just slacking, or even
           | intentional to mark something?! Maybe you area very clean
           | coder, I do this all the time if not polishing for work..
           | 
           | Could have been so, but deducting like those are proofs is
           | very far fetched .
        
             | crecker wrote:
             | > Sounds almost more like fair instead of a bug, but
             | nommatter what, time going by between "finishing" and
             | releasing is also more than normal on various levels for
             | many reasons?!
             | 
             | I'm missing something: who says is not normal? Anyway
             | regarding comments and that, the source code is clearly
             | heavily edited and redacted, so I do agree that we can't
             | extract much from comments. I did not understand why HN
             | triggered so much about two/three/four slashes.
        
           | Maarten88 wrote:
           | I think in Visual Studio, if you start a comment block with 4
           | or more slashes and hut return, it will automatically start
           | the sentences after that with 2 slashes so you can write more
           | comment lines. Close with 4 slashes or more to end the block.
           | 
           | ////
           | 
           | // Comment
           | 
           | // more comment
           | 
           | // and more
           | 
           | ////
        
           | Forge36 wrote:
           | Having been a longtime coder in a language that doesn't
           | support Todo tasks (tooling doesn't find them) I've seen
           | double commenting a line as a trick to make them easily
           | findable (it's the fastest thing to type).
           | 
           | It's a personal hack for being able to quickly find them.
           | Ctrl+F //// is a reasonable "Todo" And one which on a single
           | person project I can get away with. Because they are also
           | valid comments persisting past release occasionally happens
           | as (in my case) the second reviewer doesn't know this
           | convention.
           | 
           | Working on a project for the past several months I've left
           | many todos in my code to be reviewed. In most cases by myself
           | when I better understand the problem. I am after all the
           | first person to review my own code.
        
             | crecker wrote:
             | Thank you for this comment. For todo comments, Satoshi or
             | whoever was used "//// todo: " so it might be for that too.
        
               | Forge36 wrote:
               | Personally: I use both!
               | 
               | I've also noticed myself forgetting "Todo:". Sometimes
               | it's the ":" and the tooling doesn't pick it up. If I've
               | really screwed up its "tod:".
        
           | lloeki wrote:
           | > a release that contained many errors (e.g. amount created
           | in genesis block can not be spent)
           | 
           | I was thinking that this may have been intentional.
           | 
           | In that sense there may be a stronger message when creating
           | an unspendable "big" value (reward was 50BTC) than a
           | spendable value of e.g one satoshi.
        
           | SAI_Peregrinus wrote:
           | If one selects code and comments (with //) in most editors,
           | then uses the "comment this block" action, the result is code
           | commented with // and comments with ////. It's more likely
           | this is a result of using a code editor or IDE than a
           | particular style choice.
        
             | crecker wrote:
             | It seems more some manual stuff: there are ones with three
             | slashes too.
        
         | Lerc wrote:
         | I think of the use of we as the team of programmer and
         | computer. I can see people not doing this but I don't think you
         | could infer anything either way.
        
           | saurik wrote:
           | As someone who does this but has never analyzed WHY somehow
           | this description you just provided of the mental model really
           | resonates with me... thanks!!!
        
             | hnbad wrote:
             | Personally I use "we" because I'm including the author
             | (myself) and the reader (someone else or at least my future
             | self, who may hold a very different opinion from me now).
             | I.e. "we" may want something to happen in this function but
             | "I" don't know why this test case is randomly failing.
        
           | masklinn wrote:
           | > I think of the use of we as the team of programmer and
           | computer.
           | 
           | I don't agree because the computer is a tool with no agency
           | like a hammer or a chisel.
           | 
           | I use "we" in program because it's a consideration for the
           | project / team, even if odds are low anyone else will ever
           | use or contribute to it. It's a reminder to avoid factoring
           | in ego too much.
        
       | wslh wrote:
       | The most accurate and serious articles about the analysis of
       | Satoshi Nakamoto early days is from our co-founder Sergio Lerner
       | [1]. For example [2]. He is an authority in the field (you can
       | easily check that) so in any case I recommend OP to review the
       | data with him.
       | 
       | [1] https://bitslog.com/
       | 
       | [2] https://bitslog.com/2020/08/22/the-patoshi-mining-machine/
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Thanks!
        
       | MatthewCampbell wrote:
       | > Unfortunately, due to a problem also present in the first
       | public version of Bitcoin, Satoshi could never spend the money
       | from that transaction.
       | 
       | What evidence suggests that this was unintentional? It offers a
       | sense of fairness and objectivity from the originator, without
       | generalizing the concept of a transactionless block or requiring
       | any special logic to enforce it.
        
         | crecker wrote:
         | Great question. I can't say this was intentional or not. To
         | people interested, it was only one line of code missing: he
         | ""forgot"" to include the first transaction to the
         | mapTransactions.
        
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       (page generated 2022-10-08 23:01 UTC)