[HN Gopher] Patients can now access all their health records dig...
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       Patients can now access all their health records digitally
        
       Author : andsoitis
       Score  : 257 points
       Date   : 2022-10-07 22:44 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.statnews.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.statnews.com)
        
       | mayhaffs wrote:
       | Thank goodness
        
       | praveen9920 wrote:
       | Benefits aside, purely from security stand point, This might
       | become vector for bad actors for stealing medical by social
       | engineering.
        
         | anaganisk wrote:
         | I wonder if the data will be "accidentally" leaked to insurance
         | company by oxford analytica :p
        
       | rejectfinite wrote:
       | We have had this in Sweden for like 10 years... we have a
       | national BankID for verification though.
       | 
       | https://www.bankid.com/en/
        
         | usr1106 wrote:
         | Haven't lived in Sweden for 35 years, so not familiar with
         | that. A web search found https://1177.se , is it that?
         | 
         | We also have it in Finland as https://kanta.fi. You can see all
         | your healthcare visits, but only short summaries. Results from
         | examinations are not there. Got the analysis of my last blood
         | samples on paper. But that was a friendly doctor, often you get
         | nothing. I think legally you have the right to get everything,
         | not sure, haven't been ill... But you'd need to request it and
         | there is no standardized way to do so regardless of healthcare
         | provider.
        
           | rejectfinite wrote:
           | Yes, https://1177.se/ is the site/phone number.
        
       | ecmascript wrote:
       | Interesting, wasn't this possible before in the states? In Sweden
       | we've been able to access our medical journal for years, not
       | really sure of when it first arrived.
        
       | adunsulag wrote:
       | Before people get their hopes up on this, remember there is no
       | enforcement mechanism currently. OIG has to issue a final ruling
       | on the penalties for HealthIT which I've heard from some insiders
       | could take as long as another year. For providers, a preliminary
       | ruling and then a final ruling has to be made which could take
       | years.
       | 
       | So yes, the law mandates that your entire EHI* designated record
       | set be made available there is NO enforcement mechanism to
       | penalize bad actors at this point in time. Also its important to
       | note that HealthIT and providers can make a claim to continue to
       | block information if it falls under 8 categories (patient
       | privacy, patient harm, financial costs, content exception such as
       | psychotherapy notes, etc). The proposed penalty is 1 million per
       | Information Blocking claim for HealthIT. So HealthIT has a huge
       | incentive once the final ruling is made to make sure there is no
       | information blocking, but providers right now don't have any kind
       | of penalty themselves.
       | 
       | *EHI = Electronic Health Information, note this moves beyond the
       | USCDI V1 standard someone mentioned in another post to the entire
       | Designated Health Record Set including claims, payment
       | information, imaging data, and anything that is used to make a
       | healthcare decision by providers.
       | 
       | * Disclaimer I've done work for an open source EHR and I've been
       | forced to become pretty familiar with this stuff.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | I really want to be optimistic about this but as a us consumer of
       | us healthcare its almost impossible to get even my vision
       | prescription.
       | 
       | I'm betting whatever I get from the hospital is in an ocean of
       | binary formats too arcane to digest, from a graveyard of bankrupt
       | health data applications and in a shorthand I'll never comprehend
       | because the legend to it is in some healthcare billing system
       | only god and bill collectors can see.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Apple Health successfully scrapes my medical records from
         | multiple health systems (as well as Labcorp) using OAuth
         | authenticated public API endpoints provided by their Epic EHR
         | instances. I'm somewhat optimistic because of this. The
         | technology implementation was not the problem, the policy stick
         | was lacking. Thwack.
         | 
         | Tangentially, if you have an iPhone, I highly recommend
         | connecting your health systems so that the records are
         | retrieved and stored in your iCloud account, from a data
         | sovereignty perspective.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_Healthcare_Interoperabili...
         | 
         | https://fhir.epic.com/Documentation?docId=fhir
         | 
         | https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT208647
        
           | larrybud wrote:
           | Slightly off topic, but why is there no ability (as far as I
           | can tell) to lock your Apple health records with a
           | password/pin/faceid? Seems crazy that every other app
           | containing pii (bank, airline, etc) is lockable but my health
           | records are wide open to anyone who picks up my unlocked
           | phone.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | https://www.apple.com/feedback/health/
        
       | seba_dos1 wrote:
       | In United States.
        
       | martyvis wrote:
       | Don't get your hopes up as to how useful this is. In Australia we
       | have had federal government digital health record capability for
       | something like 5 years now. There was all sorts of moral panic
       | about issues at the time it was mooted - around privacy and so on
       | and was opt in. I saw it as a great idea, as I have chronic
       | health issue and thought it as a useful journal for use by
       | medicos in my ongoing care. However despite having GP (physician)
       | visits and haemotologist visits multiple times a year, and blood
       | tests and even surgical biopsy tests there are no records of
       | these being added. I mention it to my doctors and the boxes are
       | ticked as far as I know on forms. The only things that make it to
       | my record are simple scripted medicines (presumably because they
       | have government reimbursement, through the PBS) and immunisation
       | records such as for COVID and flu. Certainly no effort has been
       | made to scan or digitise any CT records and similar imaging from
       | before the health records system was brought in. So it all seems
       | a bit of a boondoggle and waste of resources.
        
         | troad wrote:
         | Interesting. My experience is somewhat different, but also does
         | not commend the Australian system. I did not opt in, but my
         | general practitioner uploaded everything anyway. Important
         | details were entered incorrectly - I was listed as having
         | conditions I do not have - which I imagine could have had
         | catastrophic consequences had another doctor relied on any of
         | it. I don't think I was even notified the record was created, I
         | seem to recall discovering it by chance, but I could be
         | misremembering.
         | 
         | Worth mentioning is the fact that under the law as it was
         | passed, this (in my case incorrect) data could _never be
         | deleted_. Once the botched roll-out began, the law was
         | thankfully amended, and I was allowed to have the whole thing
         | taken down.
        
       | dfxm12 wrote:
       | I was hosting some friends who were on vacation. They live across
       | the US. Long story short, one of them had to go to the emergency
       | room and was subsequently diagnosed with cancer, very far from
       | home.
       | 
       | He said OK, I don't live anywhere near here. You will just
       | transfer all this info to my "home" doctor, _right_? The doctor
       | seeing him said  "not necessarily."
       | 
       | Assuming I'm reading this article right, _thank fucking god_ no
       | one else will have to go through that.
        
         | Zigurd wrote:
         | I fell ill far from home and while the care was subpar I did
         | get to take along a CD with my xrays on it. Nobody seemed to
         | know what to do with it and I ended up getting a redundant set
         | of xrays within days of the first set. No weird file formats,
         | they were full-resolution and exactly what the xray tech and
         | docs were looking at previously.
        
       | smithmayowa wrote:
       | As a co-fouder of https://www.medorbit.co (shameless linking my
       | startup I know but in my defense no one here is my possible user)
       | who is trying to make this possible for the African patient this
       | is very motivating.
        
       | rickysahu wrote:
       | Many of the APIs being used here are also available at a
       | population level. So there's analytics and ml work possible too
       | especially when working through payers and providers, not just
       | patient mediated access. If anyone wants to do something about
       | improving this space i started a whole company around these
       | regulations and APIs. https://1up.health I'm Ricky @ if you want
       | to chat
        
       | Dig1t wrote:
       | One big limitation of this standard is imaging data. X-Ray
       | radiographs, MRI scans, PET scans, etc are not part of the USCDI
       | standard V1 that'll be available to US patients. The current
       | story for getting these scans still sucks and isn't close to
       | being actually available to patients in the US. The best you can
       | get is a set of DVD's containing that stuff, if you are lucky.
       | 
       | The problem is that the protocol used by imaging devices (DICOM)
       | is ancient, and connecting with a DICOM server is a pain. There
       | is a sort of modern standard that I've heard talked about called
       | DICOMweb, that I think will be hooked up with FHIR and be made
       | apart of the USCDI eventually (probably). But we still aren't
       | very close to being able to see X-rays on our phones.
       | 
       | Also, one funny anecdote I've heard from working in this space is
       | that some doctors do not like the Clinical Notes story
       | (https://build.fhir.org/ig/HL7/US-Core/clinical-notes.html) since
       | it means that their personal notes about their patients will be
       | made available directly to the patient, something that was not
       | possible in the past. Doctors often write down their real
       | thoughts about the patient in there and can say some things the
       | patient might not be happy with.
        
         | solardev wrote:
         | Is it really that big a problem? Yeah the DVD is annoying, but
         | once you get it, DICOM is easily viewable, with free and/or
         | open source softare...
         | 
         | https://github.com/bettar/miele-lxiv
         | 
         | https://horosproject.org/about/
         | 
         | https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.luolai.dro...
         | 
         | https://apps.apple.com/us/app/idv-imaios-dicom-viewer/id1444...
         | 
         | > But we still aren't very close to being able to see X-rays on
         | our phones.
         | 
         | Actually, last time I had such an injury, I copied the files
         | from the DVD to my phone and just showed all the doctors
         | exactly that... x-rays and CAT scans on my phone, all using
         | free apps. Similar viewers exist for Mac and Windows too. It
         | works fine and the image format is a lot more powerful than
         | JPEG, letting you scan between depths (or reconstruct a 3D
         | model from individual slices), etc.
        
           | conqueso wrote:
           | It is a big problem. It's unrealistic to expect patients to
           | have access to a DVD ROM drive, let alone the know-how to use
           | any of the software mentioned
        
             | getcrunk wrote:
             | yea it was easy for me to figure out as well, but I am not
             | the average person. My parent or sibling wouldnt be able to
             | have done it.
        
             | nmeagent wrote:
             | I honestly don't understand why it's unrealistic to require
             | a DVD drive when one can often buy a USB unit for less than
             | the price of a decent dinner.
        
             | danielheath wrote:
             | Learning to accurately read more than "clean break through
             | an arm" typically takes about 15 years (6 years of medical
             | school, 6 years of radiology school, and fresh graduate
             | radiologists are neither quick nor particularly accurate
             | compared to those who have been working for 3 years).
             | 
             | Software is the least of your problems.
        
             | solardev wrote:
             | The DVD drive, yeah, that's annoying, but the portable ones
             | exist. And the DVD has its own (Windows only) self-
             | installing viewer thing.
             | 
             | Web viewers exist too: https://ivmartel.github.io/dwv/
             | 
             | Not to say it's great UX, but it's really not that hard to
             | solve compared to the rest of the mess of the medical
             | industry.
             | 
             | It's a bureaucratic nightmare thing, not a software
             | challenge.
        
             | twelve40 wrote:
             | yeah thanks to Mr Cook for example, if you're on a Mac, no
             | dice.
             | 
             | that said, tfa, while encouraging, has no details as to how
             | this all can possibly happen.
        
               | renewiltord wrote:
               | I just got an external DVD reader and it worked just fine
               | on my M1 mac
        
               | Kwpolska wrote:
               | Mr Cook? How many modern consumer Windows laptops have a
               | DVD drive?
        
         | batty_alex wrote:
         | I work on a PACS system. The problem isn't DICOM, it's big ass
         | EHRs that don't need to cooperate with anyone but themselves.
         | 
         | Also, we've always had to allow exports in .iso/.zip with a
         | viewer for the image data - going back to 2008. This is mostly
         | forcing the big EHRs to stop playing games with patient data
         | 
         | Calling DICOM ancient is funny, the whole industry has
         | basically been dragging their feet adopting it. FHIR will be
         | "ancient" by the time it's widely adopted, as well
        
           | adolph wrote:
           | Some say ancient, others call it mature
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | Last time I seriously worked on interoperability between pacs
           | systems in 2014, there were new products being put on the
           | market from major vendors like GE that didn't support Unicode
           | in dicom.
           | 
           | And when I worked on radiation therapy systems, we ran into
           | limitations with fixed-length fields being insufficient for
           | the number of points in a region of interest, unless you use
           | an encoding that doesn't indicate types. (4 bytes - either 2
           | for data type and 2 for length, or 4 for length with no data
           | type listed).
           | 
           | It's from the 80s and shows.
        
         | NegativeLatency wrote:
         | Got a dental 3d scan recently and I also couldn't get that as
         | any sort of digital file
        
           | cocoricamo wrote:
           | Not available upon request or not offered? Recently had an
           | MRI and they copied the files to a thumb drive I gave them
           | after asking due to not having a CD reader at home for over 5
           | years. A printed copy was more expensive.
        
             | NegativeLatency wrote:
             | Requested but never received, they were sorta like "oh
             | nobody ever asks for those"
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | DICOMWeb over FHIR sounds miserable.
        
         | radicalbyte wrote:
         | MRI sets can be pretty big - like 50GB big. So you'll probably
         | be wanting to transfer them with a USB drive in most of the US
         | given the quality of "broadband".
        
         | m3047 wrote:
         | DICOM: "Designed by a committee" would be an understatement.
         | This is the only protocol I've seen where the envelope is a
         | different byte order from the payload. At least in practice,
         | IIRC the payload can be specified as either, but in practice
         | it's always swapped compared to the envelope.
        
         | oplav wrote:
         | I've had routine MRIs for the last couple years and it has been
         | interesting to see how the story to obtain image CDs has
         | changed over the years.
         | 
         | Years ago, I could just ask the tech to burn me a CD and it was
         | often ready for me when I left the changing room. Then I had to
         | start asking the reception desk but sometimes wasn't able to
         | pick it up the same day. Most recently, the reception desk said
         | they could no longer help me and gave me a flyer that said I
         | had to call a central office of the hospital and schedule a CD
         | pick up at a different location. The flyer also made it sound
         | like I was going to be charged for the CD, but luckily I was
         | not.
        
           | TedDoesntTalk wrote:
           | The CD I was given has a Windows-only program on it, complete
           | with installer, and that is the only way to view the pictures
           | on the disc. There are no JPG, PNG, GIF, RAW, PDF or any
           | other recognizable files on the disc by itself.
        
             | jahewson wrote:
             | That program is probably just a DICOM viewer.
        
             | cocoricamo wrote:
             | If you use linux search for a dicom viewer in the
             | repositories. I've used Weasis without issue so far.
             | 
             | https://nroduit.github.io/en/
        
             | markus92 wrote:
             | 99.9% chance it's all DICOM, combined with a simple viewer
             | program. There's tons of FOSS DICOM readers around, though
             | all with their own limitations.
        
         | IG_Semmelweiss wrote:
         | A larger part is not necessarily the personal thoughts of the
         | doctor - but rather than embarrassment of showing that the
         | clinical note it's actually sometimes a mishmash of copy paste,
         | sometimes done by low-paid wage workers.. Sometimes offshore
         | workers... and yet, all the collected data largely remaines
         | useless information at best, or outright wrong and dangerous at
         | worst.
        
         | lostlogin wrote:
         | > But we still aren't very close to being able to see X-rays on
         | our phones.
         | 
         | Patients can and clinicians can too with the likes of
         | Intelerad's offerings - but there are many others.
         | 
         | New Zealand has a fragmented system but it's all slowly
         | improving and depending on when and where your imaging was
         | done, you can access it.
         | 
         | Far nastier than DICOM and it's foibles is HL7 format. The RIS
         | side of things is a cluster fuck and is more of a limitation
         | than the image format.
         | 
         | I'm an imaging tech who dabbles in PACS administration (but is
         | far from expert).
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | I worked on a system to do this back in 2008 - we won an
           | Apple Design award for it and I got a free 30-inch cinema
           | display. This was mind blowing 14 years ago, but now it's not
           | that exciting.
           | 
           | Hl7 tho.... That is crazy stuff.
        
         | cycomanic wrote:
         | The doctors notes are sometimes actually a problem. We are in
         | Sweden where they are open to patients and I know doctors who
         | received complaints because of their notes (e.g. because they
         | made the patient anxious). They were pretty harmless ones, like
         | "this should be monitored". So to avoid complaints doctors
         | start to not write notes into the official notes, which makes
         | things worse.
        
           | codexjourneys wrote:
           | This is a good point. If doctors start writing sanitized
           | notes or leaving things out, it would be net negative. US
           | patients can get their full medical records by requesting
           | them from the office, and the notes are in there, but most
           | patients do that only if leaving the practice or if the
           | doctor retires.
           | 
           | I requested and received my medical file from a doctor who
           | passed away. I enjoyed reading through it but was glad I
           | didn't see those notes in real-time. I wouldn't have wanted
           | to go to my next appointment wondering, "I think I'm doing
           | okay, but is he going to write that I'm less compliant than
           | the last time?"
        
         | srvmshr wrote:
         | When I was working on MRI data about a decade ago, there was
         | another newer format .NII gaining traction. This was
         | demonstrably easier to work with and the good thing was a lot
         | of views (imagine a time series or fat-water separated
         | information) & could simply be stored in its container format
         | as opposed to Dicom.
         | 
         | I am not sure how well it might work for viewing on patient
         | consoles, but it sure was a step ahead for making data
         | portable.
         | 
         | Edit: NifTI format. I was forgetting the name.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | light_hue_1 wrote:
           | There's no NII format, that's the file extension of a format
           | called NIfTI.
           | 
           | NIfTI is not meant to be a replacement for DICOM. It's meant
           | to be a quick and simple file format only for neuroimaging
           | and only for research. It's missing countless features that
           | are required for clinical use and it stores 3D data. So it's
           | not a good format for xrays, ultrasounds, etc.
        
         | null_flavour wrote:
         | Having built workstations in imaging that used DICOM
         | extensively, I disagree with the fact that DICOM is ancient and
         | painful to work with. Yes, it is difficult to understand but
         | there are plenty of great toolkits and examples to get started
         | (DCMTK, dcm4che). And it also has open source implementations
         | (dcm4chee).
         | 
         | DICOm has a portable media extension which let's anyone
         | transport studies using USB, keep it in a folder. And it works
         | well when it needs to be fed into a PACS, RIS l
         | 
         | It has stood the test of time when stuff like HL7 went from V2
         | to V3, CDA and related tailspins till FHIR came about (and
         | let's not talk about ISO13606, OpenEHR).
         | 
         | It's UID space is well defined that's it's used in the aircraft
         | inventory space.
        
           | mynameisvlad wrote:
           | None of which a patient, the person who this whole article
           | and comment thread is about, would care about or even
           | understand.
           | 
           | In the age of smartphones and immediate access, it _is_
           | ancient and hard to work with. It may have benefits, it may
           | be resilient, but none of those are mutually exclusive.
        
         | adolph wrote:
         | Along with radiography and similar there is genomic information
         | that is similarly difficult to move around and read.
        
         | hanklazard wrote:
         | "since it means that their personal notes about their patients
         | will be made available directly to the patient, something that
         | was not possible in the past. Doctors often write down their
         | real thoughts about the patient in there and can say some
         | things the patient might not be happy with."
         | 
         | Just when you thought American healthcare couldn't get worse,
         | our genius leaders have decided to couple full and immediate
         | patient access to medical notes with frequent patient surveys
         | about their doctor's visits. Did a patient request unnecessary
         | antibiotics and you refused? Ouch, that's going to hurt your
         | survey results and possibly impact your future earnings. Oh
         | also, they read through your visit note and saw that you added
         | "obesity" to their problem list since their BMI puts them in
         | that category and you wanted to make sure they were screened
         | appropriately for diabetes and heart disease at their next
         | visit. The patient finds this _very_ offensive and has
         | requested to meet with the practice manager about the
         | situation.
        
           | sethammons wrote:
           | "Patient feels nausea when seeing the color yellow; I have
           | proscribed a placebo to gauge the effect." Not something a
           | doc would want the patient to know.
        
             | parineum wrote:
             | Doctors shouldn't be performing experiments.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | Kid has asthma? Experiment with an inhaler. Switch to a
               | different one if it's not effective.
               | 
               | Recurrent skin infection? Experiment with antibiotics to
               | find one it's not resistant to.
               | 
               | Patient on a ventilator? Getting them off will require
               | experimenting with vent settings and periods of having
               | them off the vent.
        
               | YLYvYkHeB2NRNT wrote:
               | Respectively they should. This is how they narrow down
               | and diagnose something the right way. Something that your
               | computer algorthims can not do,
        
           | mikeodds wrote:
           | The flip side of this is it will let patients catch erroneous
           | note taking which would have a knock on effect for future
           | visits or referrals.
        
             | rrwo wrote:
             | Yes. I've had this once when moving to a new city and
             | arranging to have my medical records transferred.
             | 
             | My new doctor read the snarky and incorrect internal notes
             | to me.
        
       | dogmatism wrote:
       | *laughs in hospital still on Meditech "Magic" which is
       | essentially a TUI
       | 
       | even sitting at the terminal, I can't get the fucking records I
       | need
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | Have you looked at the Meditech API documentation?
         | 
         | https://home.meditech.com/en/d/restapiresources/pages/apidoc...
        
           | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
           | Hah, at least they have public API documentation unlike
           | others
        
       | NeveHanter wrote:
       | Can I ask for adding country/region information to such titles?
       | I'm not from the US and I need to assume tribal knowledge that
       | this is about US.
        
       | sergers wrote:
       | Epic has really increased interopability between separated owned
       | instances and definitely leaders in the EHR space and
       | functionality of providing patients their data.
       | 
       | Like with careeverywhere, of mychart where patients can download
       | digital diagnostic imaging/view reports/ lab results..
        
       | lifeplusplus wrote:
       | I really love it when I want records from Doc A to be sent to Doc
       | B, then the Doc B offices refuses to get records and insist the
       | patient need to do it, despite signing over all the papers, and
       | then Doc A refuses to send them because they can only give to
       | patient - even though patient is begging to send them. Quadruple
       | the pain if you need records from multiple doctors. This is why
       | now I prefer going to chain hospitals like university clinics. At
       | least they can access records from doctors within their network.
       | Like NYU, Mount Sinai, Presbyterian, etc.
        
         | petilon wrote:
         | My experience is that Doc A sends the thumbnail of the image to
         | Doc B. Doc B is happy that Doc A sent an unusable file because
         | he now gets to charge for a new image.
         | 
         | Hospitals track MRIs and other images ordered per doctor, and
         | doctors are under pressure to hit their quota.
        
           | obloid wrote:
           | Not sure where you got the idea that there are "quotas"
           | doctors have to meet for ordering diagnostic tests. I can't
           | speak for other countries but in the US this is not the case.
        
             | petilon wrote:
             | You can't speak for other countries, but you can for all of
             | the US? Then explain these articles:
             | 
             | "Doctors Under Pressure to Meet Quotas and Fill Hospital
             | Beds" [1].
             | 
             | "Once hospitals have made such a huge investment, experts
             | like Dr. Zietman say, doctors will be under pressure to
             | guide patients toward proton therapy when a less costly
             | alternative might suffice." [2]
             | 
             | "While payments vary widely, doctors often collect $500 to
             | $700 for a typical M.R.I. done on an outpatient basis in
             | this area." [3]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.thehealthlawfirm.com/blog/posts/doctors-
             | under-pr...
             | 
             | [2]
             | https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/26/business/26proton.html
             | 
             | [3] https://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/13/business/an-mri-
             | machine-f...
        
               | obloid wrote:
               | Article 1 is about certain for profit hospitals setting
               | quotas on the number of patients doctors admitted to the
               | hospital, and giving kickbacks to doctors for ordering
               | tests (which is illegal).
               | 
               | Article 2 is addressing a cancer treatment, not
               | diagnostic tests. And has one quote by a doctor concerned
               | about oncologists being pressured to use proton therapy.
               | No mention of quotas.
               | 
               | Article 3 is about the proliferation of advanced
               | diagnostic imaging (MRI, CT, etc) in private clinics and
               | the concerns about over utilization of these diagnostic
               | tests as well as potential conflicts of interest with
               | doctors having a financial stake in the tests they're
               | ordering. These are both real problems in the US medical
               | system. However, no mention of US hospitals placing
               | quotas on diagnostic tests ordered by doctors on their
               | staff.
               | 
               | Is it possible these types of quotas have occurred? Sure.
               | But is this typical practice in the US? No.
        
               | petilon wrote:
               | > _But is this typical practice in the US? No_
               | 
               | Your experience is different from mine. Ordering
               | unnecessary tests is typical practice in my experience.
               | And doctors are quick to reject tests done at another
               | hospital, as if tests done at another hospital are
               | untrustworthy.
               | 
               |  _Any time_ a US hospital has expensive equipment,
               | doctors working at the hospital are under pressure to
               | keep it running. You can find any number of articles on
               | this topic if you 're willing to spend a few minutes
               | googling.
        
               | obloid wrote:
               | It's definitely the case that many unnecessary tests are
               | ordered. That is a different issue from quotas, which is
               | specifically what I was addressing.
               | 
               | Anyway, I will concede that my personal experience
               | practicing medicine is not necessarily representative of
               | the practice of medicine in all areas of the country.
               | 
               | edit: grammar
        
             | shapefrog wrote:
             | Can confirm that in the "socialized" health care system of
             | the UK, the "quota" is more like a "cap" and the
             | optimization done is towards 0 not infinity.
        
       | sdfhbdf wrote:
       | The title should be amended to point out that it concerns only US
        
       | reaperducer wrote:
       | _unfettered access to their full health records in digital
       | format. No more long delays. No more fax machines. No more
       | exorbitant charges for printed pages._
       | 
       | Some of that is true, some of that is hype.
       | 
       | Last week I asked a mid-sized healthcare company for my records
       | from ten years ago.
       | 
       | I was told that they could not be transmitted digitally, only on
       | CDROM. And that the price for duplication started at $500 and
       | would go up from there.
       | 
       | I was also told that if my current doctor requested the records,
       | it would all be free.
       | 
       | So yes, the records can be moved around digitally, but actually
       | personally owning a copy of the records dos not seem
       | "unfettered."
        
       | pessimizer wrote:
       | This is great. Now let us delete them.
        
         | leovander wrote:
         | Good luck with that. If the medical group you are a part of is
         | in their regional, statewide or a country wide HIE, you'd have
         | to check with every connected partner to see what other systems
         | may have queried for your data and potentially have copies as
         | well.
         | 
         | You typically won't have your data in too many other systems
         | unless you are hopping between different medical
         | groups/hospitals. There's just a possibility that the above
         | could happen because, seeing and making the sausage, I wouldn't
         | trust anyone to be able to tell me who has seen my health
         | records.
        
           | ecommerceguy wrote:
           | Or you can request your MIB, which is basically like a credit
           | report for healthcare.
           | 
           | https://www.mib.com/request_your_record.html
           | 
           | The providers I've seen have had my records online since at
           | least 2015 so this regulation doesnt really affect me much.
           | You just have to know who what and how to ask.
           | 
           | I can see something like this negatively impacting what
           | doctors say to each other.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | VadimPR wrote:
         | Why?
        
           | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
           | Privacy, "right to be forgotten", self-determination, etc.
           | seem like likely reasons for someone to want that.
        
           | StanislavPetrov wrote:
           | Because patients should have the right to decide whether and
           | where their confidential medical data is stored.
        
             | StanislavPetrov wrote:
             | Astounding to me that anyone is downvoting this sentiment.
             | I would love to hear some sort of rationale from anyone who
             | believes that individuals shouldn't have the right to
             | control who has access to their own private medical
             | information and who stores it.
        
               | JoshMandel wrote:
               | Not the down voter, but if you look through guidance from
               | the malpractice insurance industry (e.g.,
               | https://www.thedoctors.com/articles/medical-and-dental-
               | recor...) you will see that defense against potential
               | malpractice claims is a key driver of retention
               | practices. Introducing a right to be forgotten in
               | healthcare would presumably require concomitant reform of
               | the medical malpractice landscape.
               | 
               | I'm not arguing against the sentiment (and indeed I think
               | patients should have a much stronger ability to audit and
               | control how their records are shared, including the
               | ability to opt out of sharing) -- but when it comes to
               | records retention by the originating organization, it's
               | important to evaluate these practices in the broader
               | context.
        
           | mod wrote:
           | You may have read the comment the way I initially did:
           | 
           | as "Now let us (let's) delete them"
           | 
           | I think his meaning was "give us the right to delete them"
           | which IMO should be the standard.
        
       | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
       | I occasionally wonder if it would be the cheaper, sustainable
       | approach to just give everyone an iOS device containing their
       | full medical record in HealthKit and require that all data
       | requests go through your device, where you have full control on
       | who gets access and for how long.
       | 
       | A simple back-of-the-envelope calculation results in $1 000 per
       | iOS device x 300 000 000 = $300 000 000 000 (three hundred
       | billion). To put that into perspective, the CDC says that $3 795
       | 000 000 (three-thousand seven-hundred and nine-five billion) was
       | spent on healthcare in 2019.
       | 
       | https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/hus/topics/health-care-expenditures...
        
         | supertrope wrote:
         | That solution assumes everyone has digital skills. The people
         | who most heavily consume medical services are usually older,
         | poorer, disabled, and on the wrong side of the digital divide.
         | Many people lack health literacy or even literacy. How would
         | this scheme even handle forgotten passcodes or device theft?
         | 
         | Vendor lock in and giving a trillion dollar corporation the
         | keys to your health record is a bad idea.
        
           | usr1106 wrote:
           | In Finland we have online access the health data, tax, social
           | benefits and what not for years. Banks close their branch
           | offices and do their best not to serve customers in the few
           | remaining ones.
           | 
           | But there are about 10% (IIRC) of the adult population who
           | don't even have credentials to any of those services
           | (credentials are either provided by your bank or the SIM card
           | of your phone). Or they don't have / cannot use any device to
           | access online services.
           | 
           | It's a significant problem of discrimination. But typically
           | nobody mentions that, they are all proud how digital the
           | country is.
        
           | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
           | True, part of what I ponder when the thought arises, is how
           | the government would probably need to claim eminent domain
           | over the whole thing, simultaneously build on the already
           | great accessibility features, and then roll it out with a
           | jobs programs in social services to accommodate everyone that
           | needs accommodations.
        
         | csense wrote:
         | For the "unconscious patient in the emergency room without a
         | working phone" situations, put an RFID tag or a printed QR code
         | in the hospital admission armband, then the doctor / nurse can
         | scan it to enter records from their own device.
         | 
         | Those records go onto the hospital's / practice's server, then
         | when the patient wakes up / next of kin arrives and they find /
         | charge their phone, they enroll by an app that generates a
         | private key on the device, then shows the public key in QR code
         | form. Nurse scans the QR code on their device and signs off on
         | a dialog box that says "Yes I verified the person with this
         | phone has the right to this patient's records," then the server
         | lets the app authenticate and get the records.
         | 
         | The API should be open source so if you want your records, you
         | can hack some JSON, sign an API request with your private key
         | and download it (maybe with jigdo or rsync or something if it's
         | huge X-rays and 3D CAT scans and stuff?). A third party app can
         | put it on your phone for you, but hopefully there will be
         | regulatory stuff that tries to make barriers to consolidation
         | to encourage the system to remain federated.
         | 
         | I.e. regulations should try to make sure your medical history
         | stays within the offices of primary physician / specialist /
         | hospital where you're a patient, and your phone's local
         | storage. But we really don't want some "too big to fail"
         | medical data startup putting ten million people's medical
         | records in one AWS bucket.
        
           | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
           | Indeed, a government built open standard would be ideal,
           | especially if the existing login.gov digital services team
           | was involved in rolling out a hypothetical health.gov
           | 
           | Login.gov seems to be on the right track, architecturally
           | speaking.
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | IOS is the most closed and expensive platform for mobile
         | devices. This sounds like corruption to me.
        
           | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
           | It wouldn't be corruption if the technology was claimed by
           | the government under eminent domain or other mechanisms for
           | taking over parts of industry
        
         | bpodgursky wrote:
         | This just isn't realistic. No hospital EMR is going to act as a
         | proxy for a thousand customer iOS devices hooked up to the WiFi
         | or whatever.
         | 
         | Just imagine the doctor trying to pull up your chart, and
         | failing because you forgot to charge your phone. Yeah, no.
         | 
         | Or, even better, you get admitted to the ER in critical
         | condition and now nobody can pull up your blood type or even
         | enter your medical records, because you don't have your phone
         | on you.
         | 
         | Not going to happen.
        
           | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
           | Non-emergency intake procedures would be a great point in the
           | workflow to get the authorization handshake out of the way.
           | 
           | In emergency situations, getting medical records isn't even a
           | guarantee, today.
           | 
           | If all a paramedic had to do was plug in a dead phone and
           | wait 15 minutes to get access to medical records that would
           | otherwise require potentially hours and fax machines, it
           | might be a tic in the acceptability matrix, there.
           | 
           | Using the device to manage your data, with whatver access
           | controls you are allowed, doesn't necessitate that the data
           | be solely stored on the device.
           | 
           | Using notifications and other operating system functions
           | ought to cover a wide variety of workflow needs. The device
           | would be able to take the place of any signature machines,
           | on-premises, for example.
           | 
           | Finally, as it is today, you can configure iOS and watchOS to
           | display emergency medical information even while locked. Let
           | alone any future enhancements that could really make a dent
           | in the overall healthcare software ecosystem.
           | 
           | edit: how environmentally sustainable it is to make 7+
           | billion iPhones, is a different topic though
        
             | mwint wrote:
             | There have been ~2B iPhones made. Doesn't seem like a big
             | deal. Not even an order of magnitude.
        
               | 9wzYQbTYsAIc wrote:
               | I'm not an economist, but I suspect that the supply curve
               | would adjust pretty drastically to even just a doubling
               | of demand, let alone a quadrupling.
               | 
               | edit: there probably isn't even enough readily available
               | physical material for that many batteries. for example,
               | consider the projected difficulties with supply side for
               | the upcoming increase in demand for electric vehicle
               | battery material
        
       | shishy wrote:
       | Nothing sets off my fuse than a clinic refusing to send me my
       | data so I can get it to another doctor for another opinion,
       | ESPECIALLY around cost / prognosis (well, they don't "refuse",
       | they just delay for so long). So, so glad to hear this.
        
         | hotpotamus wrote:
         | > Reminder #5 - How IB actors make EHI available for access,
         | exchange, and use can and will vary based on who the IB actor
         | is, their technological sophistication, and who it is that is
         | seeking to access, exchange or use an IB actor's EHI. > The
         | information blocking regulations do not require IB actors to
         | adopt or use certain technologies or platforms. IB actors may
         | use "patient portals," other web interfaces, application
         | programming interfaces (APIs), and a multitude of technologies
         | and platforms to make EHI available for access, exchange, or
         | use. The information blocking regulations focus on practices
         | that are likely to interfere with, prevent, or materially
         | discourage access, exchange, or use of EHI. For example, while
         | the information blocking regulations don't prescribe specific
         | technologies, how IB actors design, implement, use, or limit
         | technologies in relation to the access, exchange, or use of EHI
         | could implicate the information blocking regulations.
         | 
         | This is the part I had to go looking for. I've been in this
         | space for just a bit now, and I can tell you that like most of
         | American healthcare, it's a shitshow. Get ready to develop an
         | app against your doctor's EHR API if they don't expose this via
         | a patient portal.
         | 
         | I don't think the docs are too happy about giving you access to
         | "their" work product, AKA your health data. And to some extent
         | I sort of see where they're coming from - if they were
         | photographers, they'd actually hold copyrights over images they
         | take of you.
         | 
         | But the goals here are at least laudable and there is some
         | rather glacial advancement.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | galangalalgol wrote:
           | Is this always the case for photographers? If they are
           | employed by a business and the pictures are taken for pay,
           | wouldntthe company own them? Can you specify the same in a
           | contract with a freelance photographer?
        
             | hotpotamus wrote:
             | I don't really know all the legal ins and outs, but you are
             | the artist of the pictures you take and you own the
             | copyright. I'm sure you can work as an employee and you can
             | always sell the copyright along with the work. It used to
             | be back in the day that photos were taken on film, so
             | photographers could retain the film and sell you prints or
             | just give you the film so you could make whatever you
             | wanted. I've mostly been out of the loop since those days,
             | so I'm not sure what the conventions are like these days.
             | 
             | The most interesting legal questions around this recently
             | are regarding monkeys or other animals who take selfies,
             | and whether they can own those works.
        
             | nradov wrote:
             | "When a photograph is a work made for hire, the employer is
             | the copyright owner, not the photographer."
             | 
             | https://photocopyrightlaw.com/who-owns-the-copyright-to-a-
             | wo...
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/guidance...
         | 
         | > Individuals' Right under HIPAA to Access their Health
         | Information 45 CFR SS 164.524
         | 
         | > Timeliness in Providing Access
         | 
         | > In providing access to the individual, a covered entity must
         | provide access to the PHI requested, in whole, or in part (if
         | certain access may be denied as explained below), no later than
         | 30 calendar days from receiving the individual's request. See
         | 45 CFR 164.524(b)(2). The 30 calendar days is an outer limit
         | and covered entities are encouraged to respond as soon as
         | possible. Indeed, a covered entity may have the capacity to
         | provide individuals with almost instantaneous or very prompt
         | electronic access to the PHI requested through personal health
         | records, web portals, or similar electronic means. Further,
         | individuals may reasonably expect a covered entity to be able
         | to respond in a much faster timeframe when the covered entity
         | is using health information technology in its day to day
         | operations.
         | 
         | > If a covered entity is unable to provide access within 30
         | calendar days -- for example, where the information is archived
         | offsite and not readily accessible -- the covered entity may
         | extend the time by no more than an additional 30 days. To
         | extend the time, the covered entity must, within the initial 30
         | days, inform the individual in writing of the reasons for the
         | delay and the date by which the covered entity will provide
         | access. Only one extension is permitted per access request.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | One of my kids' doctors left their practice, and we followed
           | them to the new. The old practice sent us a letter stating
           | patients were not _permitted_ to do so, and they refused to
           | provide records citing a non-compete. (I had more than one
           | sweary phone call with them over this.)
           | 
           | HIPAA has no private right to civil action in these
           | scenarios, so we had to involve the state, and that process
           | took about six months. It's definitely not fast; we were
           | happily in the scenario where the records weren't time
           | critical.
        
             | antgly wrote:
             | What was it specifically about this doctor that you found
             | it worth to get the state involved? Just curious.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | The practice was doing something both wrong and blatantly
               | illegal that impacted my child's continuity of care.
               | That's well worth going to the effort to get them
               | smacked.
        
             | aabaker99 wrote:
             | Im not in a position to produce the section reference right
             | now but the regulation discussed in the comments, 45 CFR,
             | requires providers are able to transfer medical records
             | from the old practice to the new practice.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | They were entirely able. They were openly using the
               | records as hostages to attempt to prevent patients from
               | leaving their practice.
        
               | mynameisvlad wrote:
               | Their issue wasn't with the regulation not existing, they
               | knew full well. The problem is that if they refuse, then
               | what? You have no power as an individual to force them to
               | do it.
               | 
               | And as the parent comment said, you have to involve the
               | state and it takes 6 months.
        
       | mod wrote:
       | Are doctor's notes part of this?
       | 
       | I wonder how many doctor's are going to regret some things they
       | wrote.
        
         | NegativeK wrote:
         | Notes have been part of your portable data for a while now.
         | 
         | Doctors who haven't learned to write appropriately (or
         | cryptically) have been foolish for a while.
        
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