[HN Gopher] Contract to Hire Discount
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       Contract to Hire Discount
        
       Author : andrewmcwatters
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2022-09-26 18:26 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (blog.andrewmcwatters.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (blog.andrewmcwatters.org)
        
       | andrewmcwatters wrote:
       | I think something I should clarify here, and perhaps in the
       | article itself, for HN readers is that this is specifically with
       | respect to contract to hire, non-private business 1099-NEC or W2.
       | The latter of which is already specifically for employees.
       | 
       | If you are a single-member LLC or an agency, your rates are
       | business rates.
       | 
       | For example, my agency charges $175/hr per resource.[1]
       | 
       | That is to say, contract to hire employment is not contracting a
       | software development firm.
       | 
       | [1]: https://www.andrewmcwatters.com/services
        
         | a-dub wrote:
         | what is the difference between contract to hire and business
         | services in the time before the contract is up?
        
           | andrewmcwatters wrote:
           | It is a widespread practice in tech that employers will give
           | employees contract to hire agreements, pay them by W-2 with
           | only base pay and no benefits.
           | 
           | When the conversion period ends, base pay is cut, and that
           | allocation goes into employee benefits.
           | 
           | You're an employee to the IRS the whole time.
        
             | a-dub wrote:
             | ok. for passthrough agency or other W-2 co-employment/peo
             | arrangements, what you say makes some sense.
             | 
             | for business to business billing it's basically offensive.
             | 
             | i'll also note that those passthrough agencies, peos and
             | co-employers can charge up to a 100% markup though.
             | 
             | ...and, contract to hire is still just contract, until
             | hire.
        
       | tptacek wrote:
       | I'm spitting into the wind here, because the norms of temp-to-
       | hire are simply not the norms of contracting and probably never
       | will be, but, broken record: your contracting rate is _wildly_
       | higher than your FTE salary. 2x would be a lowball.
        
         | gurchik wrote:
         | So if your contracting rate is 2x your FTE salary, and the
         | company has offered you to be converted full time at 1x FTE
         | salary, should you do it? It is true that the employer will now
         | pay for things on your behalf like health insurance, paid time
         | off, taxes, etc., but I find it unlikely that all of those
         | things add up to the wages you are giving up.
        
           | jtrtoo wrote:
           | A 2x hourly rate (on a contract basis) only nets out to ~1x
           | FTE over a typical year. (I'm speaking generally of course).
           | 
           | The 2x doesn't come for free nor is it just for PTO & health
           | - it's paying for all the non billable time generally spent
           | marketing, prospecting, qualifying leads, creating proposals,
           | paying for time to proposals that never result in paid work,
           | etc.
           | 
           | A typical independent consultant or freelancer only does
           | billable work 50% of the time.
           | 
           | To answer your question as to "should you?" - it depends on
           | your goals. Contracting versus standard employment is not
           | just a financial, but a lifestyle decision.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | If you want a full-time job, yes? If you can get something
           | resembling 2x your current FTE as a full-timer, than your
           | contracting rate is ~2x _that_.
           | 
           | If the question is "should I freelance or take a full time
           | job", that's a much bigger, more involved question.
        
             | a-dub wrote:
             | and a key point regarding the two: contract/freelance rates
             | are higher because there's no commitment from the employer
             | regarding a stable stream of future work. also they're
             | short term, so the actual gross difference is typically
             | quite small.
             | 
             | where there's a general expectation that a w-2 earner will
             | be budgeted for years into the future.
        
               | tptacek wrote:
               | Yep. If you're hustling and pretty good at sales, a
               | 60-70% utilization would be a good year. So, right off
               | the bat, you can see you need to be making a lot more
               | money per billable day than you would with an FTE salary:
               | at 50% utilization, you need more than 2x just to be in
               | the black (after tax and benefits overhead).
        
         | andrewmcwatters wrote:
         | I agree with you. Contracting is an entirely different ballgame
         | to me. Temp-to-hire is the subject of this article. The terms
         | are conflated, unfortunately.
         | 
         | 2-3x base pay is a rule of thumb I've heard. Generally speaking
         | however, most small software development companies are around
         | $150/hr+ in practice.
        
       | asperous wrote:
       | This article and many of the commenters are talking about "cost
       | plus" pricing strategy, is perhaps it is more like a comparative-
       | plus-cost strategy.
       | 
       | Consider instead a "value" strategy, specifically you can price
       | yourself high and see if you can get engagements. If not, lower
       | your price until you can. Or start low and raise until you can't
       | get engagements. Either way you are letting the market set your
       | rate.
       | 
       | The truth is there is a variety of factors that control your
       | pricing power... marketing, supply/demand, availability, quality
       | perception, risk, fire-ability, and so on.
        
       | asd33313131 wrote:
       | Should also add your half of FICA (7.65%), so should be closer to
       | 20% of pay
        
         | fred_is_fred wrote:
         | What about time off? a few weeks off should be worth a few
         | percent also. Some contractors get this, some do not.
        
         | andrewmcwatters wrote:
         | Yes, this depends on the manner in which you are hired. In W-2
         | contract to hire positions, an employer would be paying this
         | already.
        
       | Gortal278 wrote:
       | There is also the contract-to-hire full time compensation
       | penalty. I can't prove this with data, but I know from friends,
       | former colleagues and old bosses that contractors transitioning
       | to full time get lowballed/bottom of band offers most of the
       | time. The only way around this is to bring other active offers to
       | the table.
        
         | vsareto wrote:
         | C2H is generally shit and people should stay away from it, if
         | only because a lot of the spammy/body shop recruiting firms
         | often use it (and still put you through a tech interview)
        
       | flappyeagle wrote:
       | I just did a contract to hire, I charged about 3.5x my base
       | salary on an hourly basis, but limited to 20hrs/week. I think you
       | you need to get at least 2x for it to make sense.
        
       | ravivooda wrote:
       | I just wanted to commend how clear the Privacy Policy for the
       | website is: https://blog.andrewmcwatters.org/index.php/privacy-
       | policy/
       | 
       | It's just clear!
        
         | andrewmcwatters wrote:
         | Thank you! The Privacy Policy is the stock language from
         | Wordpress 6.0.2. So hats off to Automattic for sensible
         | recommended text.
        
       | SarfasCodes wrote:
       | Take your expected salary per annum, pre deductions. Divide that
       | by 200. This is your BASE line break even contracting rate per
       | day. Any thing less, and you're going to have issues financially.
       | 
       | @ $50,000 per annum
       | 
       | 50,000 / 200 => 250 per day.
       | 
       | On average, you'd realistically want to be charging closer to
       | Base + 40%. Im my example, this would be $350
       | 
       | just to give yourself time off, $$ for equipment, marketing,
       | growth, insurance, accounting, other general business costs.
       | 
       | Contractors are expensive because we're the business. We take on
       | the risk. We do the HR, taxes, insurance, office rentals,
       | equipment costs/hire. Everything.
        
         | makestuff wrote:
         | So Senior engineers on contract at a big tech company could
         | command ~3,000 USD per day? Or does this math break down when
         | you get into salaries in the 400+k range?
        
           | jahewson wrote:
           | I know solutions architects who are billed out to companies
           | at that rate. They only take home half of it though.
        
         | superb-owl wrote:
         | Agreed. I usually tell people to charge close to 2x their
         | salaried rate. You can negotiate if you're hungry for business,
         | but I've found the price tag is usually not the biggest blocker
         | to getting clients.
        
       | rsweeney21 wrote:
       | Here's a handy spreadsheet to calculate your hourly contracting
       | rate:
       | 
       | https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1hVtKa9Vls7Uy7YHPA-RF...
       | 
       | It factors in PTO, FICA, 401K match, equipment, etc. It's made by
       | my company, https://www.facet.net
        
       | UncleOxidant wrote:
       | Don't forget that when you're hourly you're usually limited to 40
       | hrs/week because they don't want to pay time and a half. After
       | you go permanent salaried there will be no such limitation and
       | oftimes you'll be expected to go over 40 hrs/week.
       | 
       | I'm currently contracting in a startup where it seems that most
       | all of the permanent employees work weekends. I was recently
       | asked if I'd be interested in going permanent and my reply was
       | "not just yet" because I really don't want to work weekends.
        
         | adamsmith143 wrote:
         | Contractors in Tech are generally not given time and a half in
         | my experience. You don't qualify.
        
       | mathattack wrote:
       | Usually as a contractor you should charge a lot more than the 3%
       | plus $8/hr. You don't bill 2080 hours per year, and have to pay
       | for many other incidentals. I think a 50% premium is more
       | appropriate.
        
         | a-dub wrote:
         | this is correct. direct contractors without agencies typically
         | pull 1.5x-2x annualized base salary in hourly rate form. this
         | is because contractors are estimated to spend 40% of their
         | working hours in a non-billable state (like waiting on contract
         | negotiation delays, for example).
         | 
         | additional overheads like accountancy professional services,
         | insurance brokers, insurance and equipment as well as the time
         | spent dealing with them are significant.
         | 
         | if a contractor converts to fte, or a long term contract (12+
         | months) then these figures adjust down. but for short term
         | contracts, the per hour rates can appear quite high (although
         | actual gross totals tend to not be much in the scheme of
         | things).
         | 
         | this is why the mean rate from the last hn contractor salary
         | poll was $100-$150/hr.
        
         | andrewmcwatters wrote:
         | Correct. This article is regarding W-2 contract to hire (or
         | temp to hire) agreements, and not consultancies.
        
         | bena wrote:
         | This is for Contract-to-Hire though. Which is a little
         | different.
         | 
         | You aren't going to be billing this company anyway. You are
         | essentially setting a fixed rate for a fixed amount of time
         | with the expectation of full-time employment after that time.
         | 
         | So it does make sense to essentially contract yourself at that
         | rate. But he's saying when you do, add in the 3% plus $8/hr to
         | cover the things not being covered by your employer during that
         | time. It'll make the transition a little smoother. You won't
         | feel as if you're shafting yourself.
         | 
         | I'd also add that if I were Contract-to-Hire, I'd also
         | stipulate that once I'm hired, I'm a full employee. My contract
         | period is my probationary period and after I should be treated
         | as a full employee with all the benefits that entitles me to:
         | health care, 401k matching, etc.
        
           | andrewmcwatters wrote:
           | Correct. The funny thing is W-2 contract to hire agreements
           | are employee agreements the whole time.
           | 
           | 1099-NEC would be the appropriate way to report non-employee
           | compensation but many businesses do not do this.
        
       | ilc wrote:
       | C2H discounts and distorts more than your pay.
       | 
       | As an employee, you are taking on a 6 month contract can be
       | terminated at any time, basically. And you are stuck performing
       | "for your job".
       | 
       | From what I've seen with C2H employees, they are either what you
       | see, and you like it, Or it changes, when they become employees.
       | The latter is a real problem. Because the whole point of C2H is
       | "try before you buy." But, really that try isn't under realistic
       | conditions. If they are what the company likes, buying out the
       | "C" can be a pain, and cause instability and unhappiness for the
       | employee.
       | 
       | C2H employers, use it for various reasons, but I've seen mainly
       | instability in some form, cause them to use C2H. Be it that they
       | can't hire perm because of internal malfunctions, or they aren't
       | sure if they'll be around for you to go perm, etc. In one case I
       | think they did it to make sure the contracting agency found
       | people for them, because the profit is higher.
       | 
       | As far as rates: I'd bill it as a 3-6 month contract, that I
       | assume would not renew. Remember, you can decide to walk away
       | also, and see the above... you just might.
       | 
       | If you do C2H:
       | 
       | It's strange out there, stay interviewing my friends.
        
         | andrewmcwatters wrote:
         | Interestingly enough, most employees can also be terminated at
         | any time. At least in the US, as far as I know.
         | 
         | To my knowledge there is no special legal protection for full
         | time (or "direct hire") employees versus contract to hire
         | employees. They are both just W-2 employees.
        
           | RileyJames wrote:
           | I've been thinking about C2H to resolve the "performance
           | reasons" issue. In NZ the situation is reversed. Even during
           | probation, performance issues require managing, not firing.
           | 
           | In this environment it would be preferable to hire on
           | contract as a 'probation period' in order to determine fit.
        
           | ilc wrote:
           | Usually there's some excuses needed for perm employees from
           | all I've seen.
           | 
           | Certainly more painful than ending a contract for a large
           | company.
        
           | throw827474737 wrote:
           | Even in ""well-protected"" Germany you usually have the 6
           | month probation period in the contract that makes termination
           | easy?
        
             | cj wrote:
             | (Genuinely curious) How does that work? If you want to fire
             | someone for performance problems, how do you do it?
             | 
             | In the US no explanation is required. Anyone can be
             | terminated at any time with no justification (unless you
             | negotiated special employment terms, which is rare outside
             | C-Suite or VP level)
        
               | littlecranky67 wrote:
               | Within the probation period, you dont need a reason, its
               | fire-at-will. After those 6 months, it will be almost
               | impossible to fire anyone for "performance reasons" (or
               | any other reason). Have you ever heard of a large german
               | Software company that makes _quality_ software? There is
               | your reason :)
        
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