[HN Gopher] Kazakhstan's president: We're moving full speed ahea...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Kazakhstan's president: We're moving full speed ahead toward reform
        
       Author : acqbu
       Score  : 119 points
       Date   : 2022-09-25 14:37 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.politico.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.politico.eu)
        
       | Galicarnax wrote:
       | As someone actually living in Kazakhstan, I would not take any
       | words of the current government too seriously.
        
         | Ozzie_osman wrote:
         | I don't know much about Kazakh politics, but having grown up in
         | an autocratic country, I'd say having a sitting president agree
         | to impose a one term limit is a Pretty Huge Deal.
        
         | classichasclass wrote:
         | What have you personally seen or perceived, if you're able to
         | discuss in detail?
        
           | Galicarnax wrote:
           | It's just too often that what they say disagrees with what
           | they do, and too often that they declare reforms. They
           | promised the freedom of speech, and yet, right now, before
           | the presidential elections, they try to shut the mouths of
           | journalists who criticize them (typically, fabricating cases
           | against them).
           | 
           | And, if you didn't know - the first thing Tokayev did in 2019
           | when Nazarbayev (the first president who ruled almost 30
           | years) handed the rein to him - is that he proposed to rename
           | the Kazakhstani capital, Astana, to Nur-Sultan (Nazarbayev's
           | first name). And of course, the Parliament unanimously
           | supported the idea. Not a single member objected.
           | 
           | Few months ago it was "proposed" by someone from the
           | Parliament (of course, not as an own initiative, hence
           | quotes) to rename the capital back to Astana, and Tokayev
           | supported. The parliament voted unanimously. Not a single
           | member objected.
           | 
           | I do agree that things seem better in Kazakshtan now than
           | they were even a decade ago, or even than they are now in
           | most other post-Soviet countries. But it's still way too
           | far...
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | > As someone actually living in Kazakhstan, I would not take
         | any words of the current government too seriously.
         | 
         | When providing such strong contrarian opinion, it is customary,
         | or even expected to provide some sort of backing rationale ...
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | When you hear that your government is going to do a
           | groundbreaking reforms. Every few years. After a while you'll
           | get some tolerance to those claims.
        
       | loufe wrote:
       | While the recent Tajikistan/Kyrgyzstan conflict is not one of
       | "major powers" this line still felt ill-timed:
       | 
       | "Throughout our history -- and particularly since our
       | independence -- we've always taken the view that disagreements
       | with neighbors must be approached constructively, and they need
       | not lead to a breakdown in communication, cooperation or trust.
       | 
       | As a result, Kazakhstan, and Central Asia more widely, provide a
       | strong case study of major powers' ability to work in alignment,
       | in pursuit of their interests that are to the benefit of the
       | region's people. "
        
       | paulcarroty wrote:
       | Full speed ahead toward reform? With russian military kicking
       | protesters, regularly disabled internet and big China influence?
       | 
       | Nope, feels like bullshit.
        
       | Apocryphon wrote:
       | Great success!
        
       | nurgasemetey wrote:
       | I would not jump to believe to his words after his offshore money
       | [1].
       | 
       | [1] https://www.occrp.org/en/suisse-secrets/the-offshore-
       | secrets...
        
       | JoeAltmaier wrote:
       | Encouraging!
        
       | yawaramin wrote:
       | Good luck with the reform but without approval voting or similar
       | electoral reform, they risk getting stuck with a polarized
       | political system and electorate (much like the US now).
        
         | yorwba wrote:
         | Kazakhstan is already using proportional representation:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Kazakh_legislative_electi...
         | 
         | The bigger problem so far have been restrictions on which
         | parties are allowed to run in the first place. (Hence Tokayev's
         | statement that "We're ushering in a new era of pluralism by
         | abolishing constraints on the registration and formation of
         | political parties.")
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | exabrial wrote:
       | Step 1: Break ties with Russia. Until then, everything is double-
       | speak
        
         | lossolo wrote:
         | They are already doing that, they are pivoting to China, in
         | 2023 they are leaving substitute of NATO in east, in which
         | Russia plays a big role, they denied helping Russia with war in
         | Ukraine and after newest China-Kazakhstan meeting it's obvious
         | that China will be a new patron of Kazakhstan and also
         | guarantee their territorial integrity.
        
           | vhgyu75e6u wrote:
           | Translation: we are sticking to whoever allows us to remain
           | in power and keep our status as is.
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | ansgri wrote:
         | Step 0: get all those tens (hundreds?) of thousands of mostly
         | highly-educated professionals fleeing the military draft to
         | Kazakhstan, Armenia and Georgia (mostly). Even though Russian
         | government says IT workers are exempt, everyone that can flee
         | the country and haven't done that earlier, runs now. It could
         | be a huge opportunity for these countries' economies if managed
         | well.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | they are kind of 'Surrounded' by Russia and China, there is no
         | other route from Kazahstan to the rest of the world
         | 
         | Look at the map, the only other border they have is with a
         | litany of failed states with zero infrastructure or freedom.
        
           | mcfedr wrote:
           | Russia has infrastructure and freedom?
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | Have you looked at the map? Would you rather be in Russia
             | or Afghanistan?
        
             | mtmail wrote:
             | "only other border" so Russia or China were not meant. The
             | other borders are to Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan.
        
             | breitling wrote:
             | ok. Go easy in the kool-aid.
        
             | walrus01 wrote:
             | It has infrastructure, if we mean railways, electrical
             | grid, etc. Freedom, obviously not so much.
        
               | ansgri wrote:
               | Infrastructure in largest cities, especially Moscow, is
               | world-class. The public transportation is (was?) one of
               | the best globally, most services are digital, banking is
               | very modern with good mobile apps and instantaneous
               | operations. And I really miss the reliable centralized
               | hot water supply and heating.
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | > Step 1: Break ties with Russia.
         | 
         | Easier said than done in the case of Kazakhstan, a country
         | literally stuck between a very sharp rock (Russia) and a very
         | hard place (China).
         | 
         | Also, re: doublespeak, in times of war ... it is a well known
         | historical fact that both sides are deeply guilty of this
         | specific sin (in times of war, the first victim is truth as the
         | saying goes), so I'm not sure how what you're asking for is
         | even possible.
        
       | AlexanderDhoore wrote:
       | Seeing is believing.
        
       | mynameishere wrote:
       | _There is simply no viable alternative to globalization,
       | interdependence and the international rules-based order_
       | 
       | Sounds like the check cleared!
       | 
       | Really, though, it's just one paragraph after another of pablum.
       | Does it amount to, "All our Uranium reserves belong to WEF!"
       | Anyone know the real story? With this much avoiding-the-topic,
       | there just has to be something nefarious going on.
        
         | max_likelihood wrote:
         | I believe they want to signal to the rest of the world that
         | they are still a stable alternative for western nuclear fuel
         | buyers. Uranium is the spice, and the spice must flow. Of
         | course they also export coal, gas and oil too.
        
       | ___j___ wrote:
       | Let's hope they succeed. Good luck
        
       | lowkey_ wrote:
       | For anyone unaware, earlier this year, Kazakhstan faced protests
       | over gas prices (it was a tipping point, there's a lot of wealth
       | inequality) and this president requested the help of Russian
       | security forces to enter the country and help quell riots, and
       | they ended up killing rioters [1].
       | 
       | Most of my Kazakh friends were rooting for the rioters, wanting a
       | more free Kazakhstan, while one friend close to the government
       | was sharing government-sponsored propaganda against the rioters.
       | 
       | It's interesting to see the Kazakh president now take this stance
       | and say all of this.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.bbc.com/news/explainers-59894266
        
         | shswkna wrote:
         | Rioters are not always on the good side. One recent example is
         | what happened in South Africa a couple months ago:
         | 
         | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-57996373
        
         | ftl64 wrote:
         | Things aren't actually as clear-cut as you say. While protests
         | started out peacefully things quickly escalated into violence,
         | especially in Almaty. Most notably, armed bandits captured the
         | city's airport, burned most of the government buildings, tried
         | to assault multiple law enforcement agency offices, tried to go
         | live on multiple TV channels, robbed ATMs, etc. The government
         | has promised a large-scale investigation into the events, but
         | is is already clear those people didn't want either freedom nor
         | democracy and were quite probably influenced by criminal and
         | illegal armed groups.
        
           | dnissley wrote:
           | A good account about why it isn't so clear cut:
           | https://www.palladiummag.com/2022/02/24/what-happened-in-
           | kaz...
           | 
           |  _In a video from January 5th, people can be seen snatching
           | up rifles offloaded by a truck. Some were likely convinced on
           | the spot to grab one of the firearms being handed out, but
           | who was responsible for acquiring them?_
        
             | ftl64 wrote:
             | Highly factual and well-written. Thanks for sharing the
             | link.
        
             | throwoutway wrote:
             | Simplest theory:
             | 
             | - weapons were owned by the military or LE
             | 
             | - Weapons were stolen from storage or armory by corrupt
             | officials and put somewhere less secure for later sale
             | 
             | - someone who knew where they were and wanted to support
             | the rioters stole them and shared them out quickly
             | 
             | - or criminal elements stole them and spread them to seed
             | more chaos and tie up LE while they focused on robbing
             | something more substantial
        
           | gtsop wrote:
           | Seems pretty clear cut to me. Rioting implies violence. The
           | examples you noted are bound to happen durring such times.
        
             | gnull wrote:
             | The top comment implies that the protestors who demanded
             | lower gas (propane, not gasoline) prices and later
             | political reforms were the ones responsible for violence,
             | or involved in it. There's plenty of evidence that this
             | isn't the case.
             | 
             | People who started the violence were clearly trained for
             | this and very organized, they were shooting police on the
             | streets, looting firearm stores, giving away firearms to
             | random people to encourage chaos. Also the government
             | ordered police and SWAT teams to leave the cities for 1-2
             | days which hints at some officials being involved in this.
             | 
             | Russian army wasn't involved in fighting on the streets and
             | certainly wasn't "killing" anyone. Russians were invited
             | mainly for a political and morale effect.
             | 
             | I don't know what the top commenter was reading to get
             | these conclusions, but they are clearly not representing
             | any of the mainstream hypotheses explaining the events. I'm
             | saying this as someone who has his family there when it
             | happened and followed every single piece of news from there
             | full time. And after everything was over I went there and
             | talk to some people who witnessed the events.
        
           | kevingadd wrote:
           | Escalation into violence does not discredit a revolution
           | while it IS extremely regrettable and perhaps discredits the
           | people involved. If escalation into violence was able to
           | discredit a revolution, the regular every-day violence
           | inflicted on the civilian population by bad cops, etc would
           | discredit the government or at least policing.
           | 
           | At the point where rioters are being killed instead of merely
           | arrested it's hard for me to look negatively at the rioters
           | choosing to strike out with violence of their own. They
           | aren't using the tools and backing of the state to oppress.
        
           | gkya wrote:
        
             | ftl64 wrote:
             | It is sure easy to make political comments on countries
             | that you know so little about, know no one from and have
             | never been to. fyi, I am from Almaty and been in the city
             | in January. Can you even imagine how it felt here, waking
             | up from gunfire in the night, having no internet and mobile
             | connection, no means of getting in touch with people you
             | care about, wondering if tomorrow you will still have
             | running water, electricity and heating? Exactly. This was
             | no people's protest, but one of a small bunch of barbaric
             | radicalists, a shock and a fever dream for all of the
             | citizens of the country.
             | 
             | edit: in case someone is not yet convinced: https://www-
             | rbc-ru.translate.goog/politics/06/01/2022/61d6b3...
        
               | gkya wrote:
               | Yeah that's definitely what it was. I'm no westerner, so
               | I know what this looks like and what local fascists
               | interpret it as. Tell your stories to someone else.
               | 
               | Also, quoting your link:
               | 
               | "According to the Alma-Ata police, on the morning of
               | January 6, dozens of rioters were killed during the
               | storming of administrative buildings in the city and its
               | environs."
        
               | Larrikin wrote:
               | It's sounds like a protests in every other country.
        
             | DoItToMe81 wrote:
             | Some civilians had their heads sawed off with machetes.
        
             | voz_ wrote:
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | This happens even in my US city.
           | 
           | When there is a major protest that keeps the Police busy,
           | criminals take the opportunity to loot stores while there is
           | no law enforcement to stop them.
        
             | throwayyy479087 wrote:
             | During the BLM protests in NYC in 2020, looters and
             | protesters were the same people.
             | 
             | Source: was there, as were a ton of friends. Still waiting
             | for the congressional investigation there.
        
               | cheriot wrote:
               | In SF's BLM protests, they were completely separate
               | groups.
        
         | oblak wrote:
         | If it's obvious to us that big changes are coming, it must be
         | obvious to them.
        
         | ftl64 wrote:
         | Also, nowhere in the article it says that Russian security
         | forces ended up killing rioters.
        
           | vbezhenar wrote:
           | According to official sources, Russian forces were dislocated
           | to guard important objects which allowed Kazakh forces to
           | quell the terrorists and take situation under control. So
           | Russian forces did not engage in the actual fight, but rather
           | backed up Kazakh forces.
           | 
           | What really happened is that Kazakh military did not want to
           | obey the President orders when this chaos started. It's
           | speculated that this was act of treason by some high
           | officials in an attempt of coup. That's why Tokaev asked
           | Russia to intervene. After Russia confirmed that they
           | actually do support Tokaev with some symbolic forces sent,
           | Kazakh military started to obey the orders and started to
           | actually do what they must. That's my opinion.
        
         | gnull wrote:
         | The way you frame the situation is hardly justified, most of
         | what you say doesn't match any of the commonly accepted
         | explanations.
         | 
         | First of all, it's not bad president against good protestors.
         | There were actually two things going on on the streets:
         | peaceful protestors with political and economical demands, and
         | armed organized bandits/terrorists wreaking havoc and
         | destabilising situation as much as they could.
         | 
         | The bandits were killing the police (also going to hospitals to
         | finish any wounded police officers they could find), storming
         | jails trying to set criminals free, burning government
         | buildings, they gave fake calls to firefighters and killed the
         | crews when those arrived.
         | 
         | I leave it to you to read up on who could be orchestrating the
         | bandits. I suggest you focus on local (CIS-based, Russian
         | speaking) news media and telegram channels for that. But one of
         | the important hypotheses is that it was all made by the forces
         | in power opposing Tokaev (the president), and he called the
         | Russians because he didn't trust his own men's loyalty.
         | Russians were protecting some critical infrastructure (which
         | never got attacked, so they didn't fight anyone) including
         | president's headquarters (which was very, very far from the
         | core of riots).
        
       | thriftwy wrote:
       | Kazakhstan, paradoxically, as it stands today is the most
       | successful and prosperous country of ex-USSR. Baltic states have
       | larger GDP/person but also a slew of other issues.
       | 
       | I'd try to not ruin that when taking any reforms into account.
        
         | consumer451 wrote:
         | I'd imagine having Russia's only spaceport in their country
         | would give them _some_ negotiating power?
        
           | 88840-8855 wrote:
           | Russia has space ports on their own soil. 30 to 40% of all
           | starts were from their own souls, increasing trend.
        
         | distances wrote:
         | I can think contracting population to be one thorny issue the
         | Baltic states face, but how else is Kazakhstan in a better spot
         | than say Estonia?
        
       | warinukraine wrote:
       | Could this be Kazakhstan's pivot to the west?
        
       | ayazhan wrote:
       | i was born and raised in Kazakhstan, but left after high school.
       | i've been following the situation in Kazakhstan and recent events
       | give me a glimpse of hope.
       | 
       | Kazakhstan, just like any other post-soviet country, suffers from
       | a host of problems inherited from the USSR, such as.
       | 
       | - corruption
       | 
       | - inefficient political system
       | 
       | - erased identity
       | 
       | - soviet mentality
       | 
       | in addition, our geopolitics is quite challenging. not only do we
       | border 2 major powers that often in disputes over territories
       | (Russia and China), but we're also a landlocked country heavily
       | relying on the very same neighbours for exports. i'm not even
       | talking about our water insecurity.
       | 
       | but we also got lucky in some ways.
       | 
       | - Kazakhstan is blessed with natural resources (such as oil),
       | which helped us a lot throughout the early 2000s
       | 
       | - fertility rate is above replacement (2.6-2.9)
       | 
       | - we have direct access to some of the biggest markets (Russia,
       | China)
       | 
       | - our borders were not chopped up to plant disputes with
       | neighbours
       | 
       | in theory, if we play our cards right, we could come out on top.
       | our population is around 19 million, so agriculture, mining and
       | services alone should be enough to provide jobs. Kazakhstan is
       | already moving in the right direction to facilitate business
       | development (ranks 25 for easy doing business [1])
       | 
       | i've been following the youth of Kazakhstan and have to admit
       | that they are way more patriotic and optimistic than my
       | generation. they're fluent in Kazakh, open minded and more
       | politically savvy. our culture is also flourishing (Kazakh songs
       | consistently accumulate more views on youtube than the population
       | of the country) and our national identity is strengthening.
       | 
       | i see there is some criticism over Tokayev's proposals and it's
       | easy to be skeptical after 30 years of a repressive regime.
       | however, i still dare to hope. prosperity is doable and we simply
       | need a better government with a fair justice system and
       | distributed power. if the government manages to stay away from
       | people's business and just provide a solid platform for stable
       | life, i think we can go far. this aligns with the "Just and Fair
       | Kazakhstan" plan proposed by the president and i'm happy to see
       | it.
       | 
       | 1. https://archive.doingbusiness.org/en/rankings
        
         | gnull wrote:
         | I think even if he fails to implement a better, more balanced
         | political system, it's still really good that they promote all
         | these as good things. It contrasts with Russian official's
         | rhetoric who give people bs about Russia's own special way with
         | no democracy.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-09-25 23:02 UTC)