[HN Gopher] Using GPT-3 to pathfind in random graphs
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Using GPT-3 to pathfind in random graphs
        
       Author : tibbar
       Score  : 153 points
       Date   : 2022-09-23 07:50 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (jacobbrazeal.wordpress.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (jacobbrazeal.wordpress.com)
        
       | mjburgess wrote:
       | The problem with research conducted in this way is that there's
       | no theory of operation of the model, except the implicit one "it
       | works like how I expect".
       | 
       | And then there's no hypothesis test against predictions made
       | based on this theory, ie., no one tries to _disconfirm_ the model
       | _works that way_. It is usually trivial to disconfirm. ML models
       | almost always work _some other way_ , usually exploiting
       | coincidental statistical information in the training set.
       | 
       | This turns the whole show into a superstitious activity, in which
       | we think google answers our "local restaurants" query _because_
       | it knows where I live (rather than say, using an IP location or
       | one of 100 other methods).
       | 
       | If you present a ML model as "capable of x", you're required to
       | _disprove_ that claim as best you can, and present the occasions
       | where it failed.
        
         | xyzzy123 wrote:
         | It might not be rigorous science but it's a cracker of a blog
         | post.
         | 
         | It shows a surprising ability of language models, code is
         | provided and plenty of mystery is left for the reader... which
         | can be investigated by almost anyone for tens of dollars.
        
           | mjburgess wrote:
           | But is it an ability? I can't tell.
           | 
           | What would a useless "random" algorithm find operating on
           | these graphs as inputs? What would a _useful_ one find? What
           | would that be  "useful" for?
           | 
           | Is this system much closer to the useless or the useful? We
           | cant tell.
           | 
           | Without any explanation, we're left reading this blog post as
           | a magic trick in the literal sense.
           | 
           | Consider the rate at which it "uses edges that don't exist"
           | -- this makes it _not_ a graph traversal algorithm. So it is
           | just exploting syntax in the input whose representation has
           | some  "graphlike" qualities which can be statistically
           | exploited.
           | 
           | Why is that interesting? I dont know. Is this a _good_
           | system?
        
             | xyzzy123 wrote:
             | I don't know! That's why it's fun.
             | 
             | (EDIT: I can safely say this isn't practically useful...
             | but it's interesting in the same way as watching a cat try
             | to fill out a tax return. I'm not surprised the cat does it
             | badly, I'm surprised that it _seems_ to be doing it at all,
             | even if it 's really a trick).
        
         | visarga wrote:
         | > ML models almost always work some other way , usually
         | exploiting coincidental statistical information in the training
         | set.
         | 
         | That's true for models trained on small datasets, but GPT-3's
         | dataset was anything but superficial, and on top of it we
         | consider this task to be OOD, thus the amazement.
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | Sorry, you and the posters who think that this task wasn't in
           | the training data are wrong.
           | 
           | I'm pretty sure nearly everything, including textual
           | representations of graph problems, are found in the training
           | data.
           | 
           | "The internet is vast and infinite" - Motoko Kusanagi at the
           | end of the original ghost in the shell...
        
         | YorkshireSeason wrote:
         | When Newton described the laws of gravity, now often referred
         | to as Newtonian physics, did he explain what gravity was, in
         | other words, did he have a "theory of operation of the model,
         | except the implicit one"? No, _au contraire_! He gave laws that
         | took gravity as a black box, but worked very well allowing us
         | to predict things  "like how I expect". It has been argued that
         | giving up on explaining what gravity really is, and instead
         | focussing on being able to predict its workings, has been one
         | of Newton's great insights. One might argue that we still don't
         | understand what gravity and the remaining fundamental forces
         | (electromagnetic, strong and weak forces) really are, we still
         | treat them as a black box, just like modern ML research mostly
         | treat transformers (and similar) as a black box. That's normal
         | science. Indeed, what else can you do?
         | 
         | The fact that "it works like how I expect" and that there is a
         | clear trajectory of working more and more "like how I expect"
         | is a strong indicator of scientific progress.
        
       | taberiand wrote:
       | The performance of this model using English descriptions suggests
       | to me the possibility of a model that is built to work using
       | precise mathematical notation performing even better.
       | 
       | Are there models that are trained to receive and respond with a
       | purely mathematical description of the problem?
        
         | lpasselin wrote:
         | Check out Google Minerva.
         | https://ai.googleblog.com/2022/06/minerva-solving-quantitati...
        
         | phi0 wrote:
         | OpenAI has trained a model to solve Math Olympiad-type
         | problems[1], with some initial success, but currently the model
         | isn't good at coming up with proofs involving more than a
         | couple arguments chained together. Still some very impressive
         | work.
         | 
         | [1] https://analyticsindiamag.com/openais-neural-theorem-
         | prover-...
        
       | ALittleLight wrote:
       | I find it a little unsettling that GPT-3 is able to do this well.
       | This kind of problem is abstract and I assume its training data
       | doesn't extensively cover this kind of thing. I wonder if it
       | would work meaningfully worse if you used different words in the
       | prompt other "edge" and "node" which are probably used in
       | examples somewhat like this.
       | 
       | Example prompt -
       | 
       | Every turn each gloober flomps the same gloobers. If a yellow
       | gloober flomps a blue gloober then the blue gloober turns yellow,
       | otherwise, gloobers stay the same color.
       | 
       | 1. gloober Roy flomps gloober Zoo and gloober Bat
       | 
       | 2. gloober Zoo flomps gloober Bat and gloober Crystal
       | 
       | 3. gloober Crystal flomps gloober X-Ray
       | 
       | 4. gloober Bat flomps gloober Blue
       | 
       | If gloober Zoo is the only gloober that is yellow, and all other
       | gloobers are blue, will gloober Blue turn yellow, and, if so, at
       | what turn?
       | 
       | Answer: gloober Blue
        
         | hackerlight wrote:
         | It does look like AGI will happen quite soon.
        
         | Fragoel2 wrote:
         | I disagree with your definition of "well". It found an optimal
         | solution only 30% (roughly inferred from the bar plot) of the
         | time and only on graphs of very limited size (up to 14 nodes).
         | I'm pretty sure even the most basic path-finding algorithms we
         | have can do better than this.
        
           | ALittleLight wrote:
           | It's not about competing with good path finding algorithms.
           | It would not be surprising to find a program that someone had
           | written to find paths that could kind of find paths okay. The
           | surprising thing is that nobody wrote this program to find
           | paths at all. This is a program that is attempting to predict
           | what the next characters are in a string of text - and it can
           | kind of do path finding.
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | How well does GPT-3 perform on standard IQ tests?
        
         | dwohnitmok wrote:
         | GPT-3 didn't even need the `gloober Blue` prompt as part of
         | `Answer:`. It 0-shotted (no other training examples required)
         | it straight out of the box.
         | 
         | Prompt:                 Every turn each gloober flomps the same
         | gloobers. If a yellow gloober flomps a blue gloober then the
         | blue gloober turns yellow, otherwise, gloobers stay the same
         | color.              1. gloober Roy flomps gloober Zoo and
         | gloober Bat              2. gloober Zoo flomps gloober Bat and
         | gloober Crystal              3. gloober Crystal flomps gloober
         | X-Ray              4. gloober Bat flomps gloober Blue
         | If gloober Zoo is the only gloober that is yellow, and all
         | other gloobers are blue, will gloober Blue turn yellow, and, if
         | so, at what turn?              Answer:
         | 
         | Continuation:                 gloober Blue will turn yellow on
         | turn 4.
         | 
         | > I find it a little unsettling that GPT-3 is able to do this
         | well.
         | 
         | I agree and think that this is definitely the right reaction.
        
           | nikkwong wrote:
           | I know that GPT-3 is not AGI nor modeled properly to ever
           | represent what we would consider to be AGI; but this feels
           | freakishly AGI-ish. This feels like the model is 'reasoning'
           | in a way that I would not expect based on my intuition of how
           | GPT-3 works. As it's been explained to me in lay terms; GPT
           | is great at predicting the next word based on a chunk of
           | previous context. This feels like it's doing much more than
           | that as it's understanding the context and parameters that
           | relate to a question embedded in the text, which seems
           | unrelated to the original instruction of GPT-3 as I
           | understand. Can anyone explain?
        
             | ALittleLight wrote:
             | Speaking of things that feel weird, while I had the
             | playground open I tried another prompt that came to to my
             | mind. This prompt is based on the idea that people will
             | usually miss it if you double a word (e.g. I doubled "to" a
             | few words back - did you notice?)
             | 
             | I gave GPT-3 a prompt to test this. Like a human reader
             | would, GPT-3 seems to miss the doubled word in the last
             | sentence. Continuation is at the asterisk.
             | Repeat the sentence in quotes.                  "The man
             | went to the gas station today."         The man went to the
             | gas station today.              "I'm happy to be on
             | holiday."         I'm happy to be on holiday.
             | "If you can get to the the store on time, it would be
             | appreciated"         If you can get to the store on time,
             | it would be appreciated.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | What's extra-odd about this is that GPT-3 can repeat random
             | character sequences up to 1,000 characters in legnth. For
             | each of these I just gave the sentence in quotes and let
             | GPT-3 autocomplete the repeat. I think that's especially
             | odd because it's showing that GPT-3 does something
             | different when it is asked to repeat random characters
             | (wouldn't miss a duplicate) versus when it is asked to
             | repeat sentences that it could "read".
             | 
             | "I need something stronger than I'm XXXknjd used to."
             | 
             | I need something stronger than I'm XXXknjd used to.
             | 
             | "pmkkrrpjvn"
             | 
             | pmkkrrpjvn
             | 
             | "wxvbssajxczjjewmanvzznxlwzwdvfrghsstmzpvqwsstrxkzunjgxicvr
             | shychbqsulydkiwgyryhkgjtukssacnodtggfahvus"
             | 
             | wxvbssajxczjjewmanvzznxlwzwdvfrghsstmzpvqwsstrxkzunjgxicvrs
             | hychbqsulydkiwgyryhkgjtukssacnodtggfahvus
             | 
             | "dcyvufmxwmctighwwhmamgwuyldpkzrwubvcbjirxzhuoqtktcdfjgasur
             | cprctnxmlqfvwkxixrtqqynxfjvtfhmgsfglxhvfhnbqnixulexkqflrdxq
             | pwgavrphkbgspgoyfjfolczssjfrmggtpcdheneaynhdwimcmvkcsauxwnl
             | ovefpmqyznynuoxraqixeveiuqotssiymrtmbiodwnhmtexfrttzdlbdwdu
             | qzvrkpmqmjcyciqsuwqmlhjrveeozktvccsspsqosutpngigzkqgaltojhv
             | kodzoeqzhlhfqyblvqkoyvjkphmjroidjpbpnkvrchvrnvuoqhgzkypvjyc
             | fzrdsyefstckorqwgsbknslqyiwqghdinuwrapkgyvhslbfgqrslsrferho
             | dlvukdsvvzdcwyjwtrqhqkvwbwksefuanzaarvhnmjcgtajsbivaijtherc
             | bmqfvndlsfhjtwsiztpwcehuvckmcbjvhnqbvhhqwugrodtyjfrwlkbpatp
             | wgrlzneenyqgcdyzzhrzfsrvfqlnunfpnathcpuealrdwcliriufxdfqayg
             | xtvdriidzzzdbbfwrowhlbasogmzfkwhaaufrcjsdgdobaozazbdfmasrgj
             | iblluvfvfkeuwksyrzdmepmapesadqoozrpaidlgshyhpbypdzdxjdtwnfa
             | xthjwluarbldmxvvfdissthlpdxqxjmgpuefwqvfjupxveztgrrwyobgalj
             | qkgexeulvjucokythfkmcgnlbfkmpgrpaoztrawqciyilbzwjxagwqgwuqc
             | wactwdtobomlkanmdbhpmubdzvolqpusjbtgqoymuovzsqbkzonabhzogab
             | raxmnxnvfdotfisefmfbdbqjzgrhdtgtppobyndfgsrlpxyutebzlrxgahw
             | izvtmieutqnkflkldxeathvrttyffacofuwdkhxdklcisbzbrlddtahut"
             | 
             | dcyvufmxwmctighwwhmamgwuyldpkzrwubvcbjirxzhuoqtktcdfjgasurc
             | prctnxmlqfvwkxixrtqqynxfjvtfhmgsfglxhvfhnbqnixulexkqflrdxqp
             | wgavrphkbgspgoyfjfolczssjfrmggtpcdheneaynhdwimcmvkcsauxwnlo
             | vefpmqyznynuoxraqixeveiuqotssiymrtmbiodwnhmtexfrttzdlbdwduq
             | zvrkpmqmjcyciqsuwqmlhjrveeozktvccsspsqosutpngigzkqgaltojhvk
             | odzoeqzhlhfqyblvqkoyvjkphmjroidjpbpnkvrchvrnvuoqhgzkypvjycf
             | zrdsyefstckorqwgsbknslqyiwqghdinuwrapkgyvhslbfgqrslsrferhod
             | lvukdsvvzdcwyjwtrqhqkvwbwksefuanzaarvhnmjcgtajsbivaijthercb
             | mqfvndlsfhjtwsiztpwcehuvckmcbjvhnqbvhhqwugrodtyjfrwlkbpatpw
             | grlzneenyqgcdyzzhrzfsrvfqlnunfpnathcpuealrdwcliriufxdfqaygx
             | tvdriidzzzdbbfwrowhlbasogmzfkwhaaufrcjsdgdobaozazbdfmasrgji
             | blluvfvfkeuwksyrzdmepmapesadqoozrpaidlgshyhpbypdzdxjdtwnfax
             | thjwluarbldmxvvfdissthlpdxqxjmgpuefwqvfjupxveztgrrwyobgaljq
             | kgexeulvjucokythfkmcgnlbfkmpgrpaoztrawqciyilbzwjxagwqgwuqcw
             | actwdtobomlkanmdbhpmubdzvolqpusjbtgqoymuovzsqbkzonabhzogabr
             | axmnxnvfdotfisefmfbdbqjzgrhdtgtppobyndfgsrlpxyutebzlrxgahwi
             | zvtmieutqnkflkldxeathvrttyffacofuwdkhxdklcisbzbrlddtahut
        
               | neongreen wrote:
               | ...huh. That's fascinating.
        
             | visarga wrote:
             | The trick was diversity. GPT-3 trained on so many tasks it
             | can understand zero shot ones like pathfinding, even when
             | formulated in completely different terms.
        
             | bilsbie wrote:
             | If it walks like a duck ...
        
             | joe-collins wrote:
             | I think the sentences in this example are, odd vocabulary
             | notwithstanding, fairly typical descriptions of logical
             | implication, which I expect has non-trivial representation
             | in the training set. GPT-3 is probably capable of matching
             | the pattern of the tokens (sentence structure), even if the
             | content of the tokens (spelling/vocabulary) is novel.
        
               | uup wrote:
               | I doubt it. There are billions of parameters and weights
               | all combining in non trivial ways to produce the output.
               | I don't think you can describe any of its workings with
               | simple terms like "doing token substitution" even if
               | that's what it looks like to us when we look at the
               | output.
        
               | joe-collins wrote:
               | Try it. Reduce the tokens to single characters but keep
               | the structure. Does it work? Maybe single characters
               | looks too much like an abbreviation and that throws it
               | off, because those are found in sufficiently different
               | contexts. Exchange to two characters, three. Throw
               | similar inputs at it and find the point where it reliably
               | "gets it".
        
             | mjburgess wrote:
             | A NN is a means of compressing a training dataset into a
             | mathematical representation (weights) which can be
             | exploited for pattern finding. The representation of the
             | training data is where 95% of the "magic" comes from. _We_
             | intelligently prepare it, so no intelligence is required in
             | its use.
             | 
             | On any given input, its predictions can "look" how we
             | expect an intelligent response to "look". The job is to
             | disprove this intuition, which is usually trivial. This
             | cannot be done by looking at a single response.
             | 
             | Consider walking into a room and predicting a few people's
             | personality traits correctly based on their star sign. This
             | shows nothing.
        
               | YorkshireSeason wrote:
               | This sounds like you consider what has been called
               | "feature engineering" in older ML research as being
               | fundamental to modern ML successes. But the trajectory
               | has been the opposite direction, away from feature
               | engineering, and instead towards letting the transformer
               | architecture learn as much as possible, including
               | interesting features.
               | 
               | Most research on deep net architecture, is about how to
               | train it effectively on huge stacks of GPUs and TPUs.
               | That's how/why transformers were invented.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | weights are just compressions of the training set. The
               | reason hardware improvements have improved ML is just
               | because we're compressing the training set to larger
               | sizes.
               | 
               | Going eg., from 100TB training to 300BB weights. The
               | process of training is more-or-less just "building a
               | search index", and prediction is little more than
               | "looking up examples in the search index and combining".
        
               | visarga wrote:
               | Reminds me of Pedro Domingos's paper - Every Model
               | Learned by Gradient Descent Is Approximately a Kernel
               | Machine
               | 
               | https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.00152
        
               | YorkshireSeason wrote:
               | Modern DL uses _stochastic_ gradient descent, which
               | Domingos 's paper doesn't deal with, in fact he leaves
               | the generalisation as an open problem.
               | 
               | Be that as it may, universality in computing models is a
               | well known issue. I could also say "Every Model Learned
               | by Gradient Descent Is an x86 processor + a lot of RAM",
               | or ""Every Model Learned by Gradient Descent Is a 2 Layer
               | Neural Net" (as 2 layer nets are universal
               | approximators), but this is not terribly illuminating.
        
               | YorkshireSeason wrote:
               | I don't understand those objections.
               | 
               | Yes, one of the key insights of modern DL-based ML is
               | that size matters, neural networks start producing
               | interesting generalisation only once you have large
               | parameter spaces. Indeed, one might wonder if size is all
               | that matters?
               | 
               | I don't see what is wrong with search indices, every
               | computer is a gigantic search index, because main memory
               | is a map from an index (the memory address) to 2^n bit
               | integers, the value stored at the index. So anything that
               | can be computed at all, can be computed by "a search
               | index". The important thing that, _prima facie_ ,
               | distinguish NNs from eg SQL databases, is the use real
               | numbers as latent space: because real numbers are a
               | metric space, so you have a notion of distance which
               | allows you do use efficient local search like gradient
               | descent. Moreover, when you ask this 'mere' search index
               | (NNs) about something that it was not trained on, it can
               | (and probably does) return something that is close in
               | this metric space to something it learned.
               | 
               | That did not work at all in the 1990s. Today it works
               | spectacularly well in some domains. So an interesting
               | question now is, to use your language: is human
               | intelligence anything more than _" building a search
               | index"_ and _" looking up examples in the search index
               | and combining"_? So this is a variation of Searle's
               | Chinese room, but unlike him in 1980, we have working
               | Chinese rooms!
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | It is important to note that the search space is just the
               | training data. That space does not span enough dimensions
               | to actually solve the problems in question.
               | 
               | For example, we act in the world so as to set the state
               | of possible causal variables -- and thereby can
               | distinguis causes.
               | 
               | Above, graph algorithms operate on a discrete graph space
               | and hence on the graph. GPT here isn't doing that.
               | 
               | Seeing NNs as distance-based searches in a compressed
               | 'training space' demystifies what solutions can be found.
               | 
               | Here the text space defined by the training set does not
               | permit a graph traversal, so eg., the NN 'uses' edges
               | that don't exist
               | 
               | We are not searches across such spaces, which are
               | radically impoverished and not parametrised by time or
               | action
        
               | YorkshireSeason wrote:
               | It is not the case that _" the search space is just the
               | training data"_, the search space in NNs are some
               | variants of real multivariate functions. The training
               | data can be all manner of things, in LLMs, they are text
               | in natural language. Graphs or natural language text are
               | mapped from a discrete space to a continuous metric
               | space.
               | 
               | It is true that LLMs cannot _currently_ solve complex
               | mathematics problems reliably. Whether that 's an
               | intrinsic shortcoming of transformers, or not is an
               | interesting open question, that is being investigated as
               | we speak. A lot of well-known DL research teams bet on
               | transformers beating humans in mathematics in the next
               | few years, see e.g.                  https://imo-grand-
               | challenge.github.io/
        
               | jmfldn wrote:
               | "is human intelligence anything more than "building a
               | search index" and "looking up examples in the search
               | index and combining"?"
               | 
               | Yes, it is more than this. Even if we can simulate things
               | that appear like thinking using these methods, what we do
               | bears no comparison. That's not a criticism of the
               | computer here but the brain doesn't work like this.
               | 
               | Ultimately, maybe the question "can computers think" is
               | meaningless as Turing himself said. If the output appears
               | like it is the product of thought, then what difference
               | does it make?
        
               | nl wrote:
               | > The process of training is more-or-less just "building
               | a search index", and prediction is little more than
               | "looking up examples in the search index and combining".
               | 
               | It's really not.
               | 
               | You are compressing the information in that dataset. That
               | means the model has to learn characteristics of the
               | information in the data that represent it. This is one of
               | the reasons why some argue that compression is a form of
               | intelligence[1]
               | 
               | It's a very different mechanism to a search index or
               | database even if in some case it appears to work
               | similarly.
               | 
               | [1] http://www.hutter1.net/ai/
        
               | pyinstallwoes wrote:
               | Your example implies that they are not affected by star
               | signs. This is arguably false given people believe in
               | star signs and thus certainly influenced by the traits of
               | said star signs.
        
               | mjburgess wrote:
               | My point is a few instances of reality confirming our
               | prejudices is not the basis for explanation. This is
               | something we've already discovered, it's called "the
               | scientific method", and its wholey absent from ML.
        
               | YorkshireSeason wrote:
               | How do you explain the tangible progress in ML?
        
           | tveita wrote:
           | > It 0-shotted (no other training examples required) it
           | straight out of the box.
           | 
           | It 0-shotted it... but incorrectly, right?
           | 
           | Gloober Zoo flomps gloober Bat on turn 1. Gloober Bat flomps
           | gloober Blue on turn 2.
           | 
           | Answering '4' seems like a total guess, maybe based on there
           | being four steps, or 'Blue' being mentioned in step 4.
           | 
           | The replies to your post seem to assume that the answer is
           | correct, but it is actually demonstrating a _lack_ of step-
           | wise reasoning.
        
             | LodeOfCode wrote:
             | To me the numbers imply the steps are sequential, so I'd
             | say the answer is actually turn 1
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | I think you and OP have a different definition of [subject
             | verb object]...
             | 
             | My reading is that on line 1, no action happens, because
             | Roy isn't yellow.
        
               | tveita wrote:
               | The order seems clear to me: "If a yellow gloober flomps
               | a blue gloober then the blue gloober turns yellow,"
               | 
               | I still don't see how 4 could be a correct answer, could
               | you post a plausible sequence of turns where Blue turns
               | yellow on turn 4?
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | List of yellow gloobers _after_ each turn.
               | 
               | 1. Zoo
               | 
               | 2. Zoo, Bat, Crystal
               | 
               | 3. Zoo, Bat, Crystal, X-Ray
               | 
               | 4. Zoo, Bat, Crystal, X-Ray, Blue
        
               | tveita wrote:
               | The text says "Every turn each gloober flomps the same
               | gloobers."
               | 
               | If I understand you correctly, you are applying only one
               | of the steps each turn, in order, which contradicts the
               | instructions by flomping different gloobers each turn.
               | 
               | It is also guessable in multiple ways which is
               | unfortunate. "There are four steps specified so I guess
               | it happens on turn four." is one invalid way of getting
               | the same answer.
        
               | HL33tibCe7 wrote:
               | > If gloober Zoo is the only gloober that is yellow
        
           | ALittleLight wrote:
           | I've been messing with the prompt a little bit and tried to
           | get it to spell out what it thinks is happening. (I changed
           | the name of gloober Blue to gloober Lovely just to make it
           | easier to read). Continuation is at the asterisk.
           | Every turn each gloober flomps the same gloobers. If a yellow
           | gloober flomps a blue gloober then the blue gloober turns
           | yellow, otherwise, gloobers stay the same color.
           | 1. gloober Roy flomps gloober Zoo         2. gloober Roy
           | flomps gloober Bat         3. gloober Zoo flomps gloober Bat
           | 4. gloober Zoo flomps gloober Crystal         5. gloober
           | Crystal flomps gloober X-Ray         6. gloober Bat flomps
           | gloober Lovely              gloober Zoo is the only yellow
           | gloober.  Write the turn and which gloobers are yellow.
           | 1. Yellow gloobers - Zoo.         2. Yellow gloobers -* Zoo,
           | Bat.         3. Yellow gloobers - Zoo, Bat, Crystal.
           | 4. Yellow gloobers - Zoo, Bat, Crystal, X-Ray.         5.
           | Yellow gloobers - Zoo, Bat, Crystal, X-Ray, Lovely.
           | 6. Yellow gloobers - Zoo, Bat, Crystal, X-Ray, Lovely.
           | 
           | Other than thinking the spread of yellow is limited to one
           | gloober at a time, this seems right.
        
             | codetrotter wrote:
             | > Other than thinking the spread of yellow is limited to
             | one gloober at a time, this seems right.
             | 
             | Yup. Here are the results I get when manually applying
             | these rules myself.
             | 
             | Here I mention only the flomps that change gloobers to
             | become yellow.
             | 
             | Turn 1: Zoo is yellow.
             | 
             | Turn 2: Zoo flomps Bat, turning Bat yellow. Zoo flomps
             | Crystal, turning Crystal yellow.
             | 
             | Turn 3: Crystal flomps X-Ray, turning X-Ray yellow. Bat
             | flomps Lovely, turning Lovely yellow.
             | 
             | In other words it would be:
             | 
             | 1. Yellow gloobers - Zoo.
             | 
             | 2. Yellow gloobers - Zoo, Bat, Crystal.
             | 
             | 3. Yellow gloobers - Zoo, Bat, Crystal, X-Ray, Lovely.
             | 
             | So it's got the order correct, and like you said it's just
             | that it thinks only one gloober is flomped each turn.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | hhhfvk wrote:
           | Since GPT-3 is prone to guessing, maybe it's just guessing
           | it's the last step. What happens if you try a misdirection
           | and insert a 5th step?
        
           | mbil wrote:
           | Reminds me of a paper that I saw the other day: "On the
           | Paradox of Learning to Reason from Data"[0]
           | 
           | [0]: http://starai.cs.ucla.edu/papers/ZhangArxiv22.pdf
        
             | foota wrote:
             | This is fantastic, thanks for sharing!
        
       | dr_dshiv wrote:
       | Propositions:
       | 
       | 1. GPT3 is AGI
       | 
       | 2. In combination with people, GPT3 is superintelligence
       | 
       | Strong claims. Anyone care to argue for or against?
        
         | trention wrote:
         | GPT3 works only on text, both input and output. A system thus
         | constrained, solely by virtue of that fact, is by definition
         | not an AGI.
        
           | kevincox wrote:
           | Why not? You can control robots with a sequence of text
           | instructions.
        
           | taneq wrote:
           | You can represent anything as text.
        
         | jmfldn wrote:
         | There is zero evidence for the AGI claim or even a weaker
         | intelligence claim. GPT 3 is just a search engine on steroids.
         | I'm regularly suprised by the results but it's honestly just an
         | illusion as far as 'intelligence' goes. This has nothing to do
         | with intelligence, and anyone who thinks otherwise is
         | succumbing to the Eliza effect.
        
           | hackerlight wrote:
           | Why can't the same thing be said of human intelligence? If we
           | knew more about neuroscience it'd probably seem just as
           | trivial. Wetware trained on examples we've seen. Experience
           | encoding neurons. Neurons running on the laws of physics.
           | Data goes in, endogenous processing happens, then outputs. I
           | don't see why it's categorically different. ANNs are just
           | demystified because we made them and know how they work.
        
             | jmfldn wrote:
             | You've answered your own question.
             | 
             | "why can't the same thing be said of human intelligence"
             | 
             | "if we knew more about neuroscience..."
             | 
             | So that's why we can't say the same thing.
             | 
             | Fwiw, my take is that whatever the brain does, its a
             | machine of some sort but possibly not even a turing
             | machine. Many disagree but noone can prove me wrong. Yet at
             | least.
        
         | runeks wrote:
         | > Anyone care to argue for or against?
         | 
         | You go first.
        
           | dr_dshiv wrote:
           | I tried in the thread to give clear definitions of
           | intelligence and AGI in order to make an argument for.
           | 
           | I didn't give references for the definitions, but for
           | intelligence, I think Legg and Hutter (2007) & Russell and
           | Norvig (2010) work. And Wikipedia has some tests for AGI.
           | 
           | I asked GPT3 "if you were going to go into a person's house
           | and make a cup of coffee, detail what steps you'd take." GPT3
           | responded with text that is indistinguishable from what I'd
           | expect from a high school graduate, at least.
           | 
           | 1. Knock on the door or ring the doorbell.
           | 
           | 2. Wait for the person to answer the door.
           | 
           | 3. If the person invites you in, step into the house.
           | 
           | 4. Find the kitchen and locate the coffee pot and coffee
           | beans.
           | 
           | 5. Measure out the desired amount of coffee beans and grind
           | them.
           | 
           | 6. Place the ground coffee in the coffee pot.
           | 
           | 7. Fill the coffee pot with water and turn it on.
           | 
           | 8. Wait for the coffee to finish brewing.
           | 
           | 9. Pour the coffee into a mug and enjoy.
        
         | dr_dshiv wrote:
         | Intelligence is the capacity to survive and thrive by taking
         | actions that are likely to succeed. Artificial intelligence is
         | defined by the ability to take actions that maximize measures
         | of success. Artificial general intelligence is defined by the
         | ability to operate intelligently regardless of context; ie, not
         | merely trained in a particular context but capable of
         | abstracting and generally succeeding in a range of contexts
         | roughly as broad as a human.
         | 
         | By those reasonable and common definitions, GPT3 seems like a
         | form of AGI. I mean, it is used for protein synthesis
         | sequences, robotic sequences, design sequences-- and it is a
         | fabulous writer in a vast range of domains.
         | 
         | It doesn't need to be god to be AGI v1.
         | 
         | I work with it every day and I recognize my contributions to
         | it. But it is so generally intelligent. That is, it produces
         | successful outcomes (useful text) in a vast range of contexts.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | Where's the best place to try out one of these language models
       | right now? Doesn't have to be gpt3.
        
         | theblazehen wrote:
         | Try signing up for https://beta.openai.com/playground, I got
         | access to GPT-3 in a couple days. For GPT-2 you can try out
         | https://transformer.huggingface.co/
        
       | jokethrowaway wrote:
       | I can't wait for the next version which will surely know how to
       | pass a leetcode interview.
        
       | jcims wrote:
       | Would be interesting to see if it does better if the process was
       | broken down into 'moves' and the model asked/reminded what its
       | next possible steps are along the way.
        
       | speedgoose wrote:
       | Have you tried to create a fine tuned model to see if it helps?
        
         | ALittleLight wrote:
         | I don't believe the weights for GPT-3 are public and it would
         | be expensive to fine tune such a large model.
        
           | speedgoose wrote:
           | I paid a bit more than $1 to fine tune the biggest GPT3 model
           | for my use case. I didn't push a lot of data and the fine
           | tuning took 35 minutes (without counting the time waiting in
           | the queue).
        
           | Der_Einzige wrote:
           | It's not that expensive to find tune huge models.
           | 
           | You can find tune gpt-J or gpt-neo with a 3090
        
           | dwohnitmok wrote:
           | OpenAI provides an API for fine-tuning.
           | https://beta.openai.com/docs/guides/fine-tuning
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-09-24 23:02 UTC)