[HN Gopher] "Durable Computronics"
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       "Durable Computronics"
        
       Author : velcrovan
       Score  : 43 points
       Date   : 2022-09-23 15:55 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
       | I think the rings concept should be extended to have further down
       | rings. It's kind of fun as a fantasy, but the pain point on this
       | is that for a lot of things it genuinely doesn't matter if the
       | computer side of things kind of sucks. I would be totally 100% in
       | favor of all electronics sold on the mass market having a
       | designated mark on them that says what level of assurance they
       | were built with, but I don't think I mind people being allowed to
       | sell things at ring three or four all the way down to the
       | equivalent of what happens today. Obviously there are some cases
       | where this isn't acceptable; medical, avionics, anything where
       | humans can die obviously needs to be in ring zero, and I agree
       | with other commenters in this thread that financial stuff should
       | be at a fairly high assurance level as well.
        
         | velcrovan wrote:
         | I had more rings in mind, just haven't thought it through yet.
         | There might not need to be that many more though. Anything
         | involving any communication at all would probably get an
         | instant Ring 1. Possibly anything and everything else could go
         | in a catch-all Ring 2. (PRs welcome)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | wyager wrote:
       | This is an incredibly lame and uncreative vision for the future.
       | Imagine wishing for additional bureaucratic overhead when we have
       | technologies like formal verification which can achieve greater
       | things at lower cost.
       | 
       | Industries should play to their comparative advantages. A huge
       | and mostly untapped comparative advantage of computers is that
       | they reify _formal systems_ , completely unlike a suspension
       | bridge or an office building. If your vision of the future of
       | computers doesn't take that into account, it's worth little.
        
         | velcrovan wrote:
         | Can you clarify what you mean by formal verification, and why
         | this scheme necessarily excludes its use?
        
       | rictic wrote:
       | Someone writing a new blog engine would need review from two
       | people (one of whom is a government agent) in order to serve
       | traffic outside the home?
        
         | nomel wrote:
         | With the presented ethos, it seems demonstrably [1]
         | appropriate.
         | 
         | 1. Wordpress, being an example of thousands:
         | https://cyraacs.com/privilege-escalation-by-exploiting-wordp...
        
       | thenthenthen wrote:
       | A quick search didn't yield any matches so i will just leave it
       | here, maybe some more inspiration: https://permacomputing.net/
        
       | johngalt wrote:
       | Quality standards are certainly required, and the
       | software/technology ecosystem is brittle in avoidable ways.
       | However, I'm not sure we can simply roll forward with methods we
       | used to build bridges and use them to build software.
       | 
       | I expect that we will see quality management going the other way.
       | Deriving new and more capable ways of dealing with the complexity
       | of modern technology stacks. Then those methods backpropagate to
       | how we manage other complex systems. As we saw with the 737 MAX,
       | in many cases the "engineer signing off" is merely a
       | figurehead/scapegoat. Could one person realistically know the
       | details of every system (to a detailed engineering level) in a
       | modern airliner? Even if they could, is that the best approach?
       | 
       | Our methods for durability are already overextended. Technology
       | will be the area that makes us admit it, and provides the tools
       | to manage it better.
        
       | selfsimilar wrote:
       | I've often thought this makes a lot of sense not just for medical
       | devices/software, but for any government and financial software
       | as well. But it's somewhat predicated on the 'provable correct'
       | part, which is not well adopted.
        
       | al2o3cr wrote:
       | If a system deviates from its design, the contractor becomes
       | liable for any such failure, whether related to the specific
       | deviation         or not.
       | 
       | This seems a recipe for an eternal blame-game where the "engineer
       | of record" aims to produce a plausible-but-impossible
       | specification and manufacturers spend 99% of their time looking
       | for loopholes.
       | 
       | If your aim is to explain why your scifi setting has an entire
       | planet covered with a kilometer-thick layer of used triplicate
       | forms, this would be a great place to start. :P
        
         | velcrovan wrote:
         | This is a fair point, probably more so if applied to our own
         | existing tech landscape, which is weighted in favor of
         | innovation and proliferation. But in other fields (i.e.
         | electrical engineering) a similar division of responsibility
         | has been in use for decades and has not proven totally
         | unmanageable.
        
           | daniel-cussen wrote:
           | Yes there's many different cultures in different fields.
        
           | kcb wrote:
           | But that's not all electrical engineering. Most electrical
           | engineering jobs don't require a professional license.
        
             | velcrovan wrote:
             | Sure. The same would probably be the case here. Someone has
             | to be the engineer of record. But not everyone who works in
             | software would have to be a PE.
        
       | tyingq wrote:
       | _" The computers that control your car"_
       | 
       | That maybe used to be a good example of _" durable
       | computronics"_. It's increasingly not true. Seems to be for a
       | variety of reasons though, not just one. Things like DRM, lower
       | expectations of usable lifespan of a car, higher performance
       | needs for complex safety systems, expectations around things like
       | large displays, etc.
        
       | Arainach wrote:
       | >A design may include other certified hardware or software
       | designs as components or layers, but liability for failures in a
       | design remains fully with that design's engineer of record; it
       | cannot legally be passed through to its components' engineer of
       | record.
       | 
       | How can this ever make sense? So if a bridge fails because the
       | supplier of rebar messed up the heat treatment, the bridge
       | designer is liable? What this means in practice is no systems
       | larger than those that can be practically understood by a single
       | person - possibly from atoms and first principles - and no
       | systems that can't be audited by one person in time shorter than
       | the project would become irrelevant.
        
         | EvanAnderson wrote:
         | Manufacturers independently test raw materials coming from
         | suppliers, sub-assemblies from contract manufacturers, etc. If
         | we're going to consider software a "supply chain" it seems like
         | a good idea to subject it to the same rigor.
         | 
         | Speaking about real world manufacturing: I'm ignorant of the
         | details but I would assume there's some construct in law or
         | regulation for liability to be assigned back "up the chain" if
         | due diligence in statistically sound testing "down the chain"
         | is demonstrated.
        
         | velcrovan wrote:
         | Earlier on it says "If a system deviates from its design, the
         | contractor becomes liable for any such failure, whether related
         | to the specific deviation or not."
         | 
         | And yes, you're probably right that systems would have to be
         | much more legible. I'm interested in imagining what that tech
         | landscape would look like.
        
         | linkdink wrote:
         | That's already how the world works. The bridge design company
         | takes out insurance reflecting their liability. If something
         | happens, they pay. If their supplier messed up a component,
         | they can turn around and sue the supplier. Licensed
         | professional engineers are already personally responsible for
         | their projects to some extent, which can be very big and
         | complicated. They're covered by professional liability
         | insurance. All of this has been around for a long time.
        
         | atoav wrote:
         | I mean if something I design as an electrical engineer kills
         | people because it was faulty, it doesn't matter if the
         | components sucked, because it is _my_ responsibility to choose
         | components that do not suck and to test them as well.
         | 
         | As someone who also does web development I know that this
         | degree of liability is completely foreign to a big part of the
         | software world, and IMO this is an part of the reason software
         | still sucks big time in terms of efficiency, reliabilty, safety
         | and security.
         | 
         | Because if you have to think about liability suddenly the
         | simple rugged system starts to look lot more attractive.
        
         | abeppu wrote:
         | > liability for failures in a design remains fully with that
         | design's engineer of record
         | 
         | > So if a bridge fails because the supplier of rebar messed up
         | the heat treatment
         | 
         | Is a failure of a bridge necessarily a failure in a design? Or
         | do we distinguish between a physical project which uses a
         | design from the design itself? If the materials were bad,
         | whether or not the construction team had some responsibility to
         | re-test those materials prior to using them (is this common?),
         | it doesn't seem like evidence that the _design_ failed.
        
         | AdamH12113 wrote:
         | Messing up the heat treatment isn't a design failure, it's a
         | construction failure. The design specifies acceptable
         | parameters for the rebar. If the rebar is within those
         | parameters but the bridge fails because the parameters were
         | wrong, the designer is responsible. If the rebar was out of the
         | specified parameters, the contractor is responsible.
         | 
         | If I'm reading the article right, "design" would encompass
         | interaction boundaries as well as things like CPU/memory
         | requirements, information storage, and security.
        
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       (page generated 2022-09-23 23:01 UTC)