[HN Gopher] Manifest V3, webRequest, and ad blockers
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Manifest V3, webRequest, and ad blockers
        
       Author : dagurp
       Score  : 117 points
       Date   : 2022-09-23 10:54 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (vivaldi.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (vivaldi.com)
        
       | alexvoda wrote:
       | Vivaldi really needs its own extension store.
       | 
       | What would be even better would be to use the repository model
       | used by linux distros for software distribution.
       | 
       | The user should be able to choose which sources of extensions
       | they trust.
        
       | terramex wrote:
       | Sure, Vivaldi's AdBlocker might not be impacted a lot, but it
       | does not matter because it is terrible anyway and it triggers
       | every "adblock detection script" I've ever seen. While I like
       | rest of the browser it is unusable without customised uBlock
       | Origin.
       | 
       | I was hoping some company would fork Chromium before Manifest V3
       | change and apply patches from mainline as necessary but it seems
       | less and less likely with every day. If Vivaldi manages to patch
       | out Google's changes and keep uBlock working as it is now they
       | will have me as their user until heat death of the universe.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | I'm familiar with the Chromium codebase, and maintaining the
         | Manifest web request V2 API wouldn't be a tricky patch to
         | maintain.
         | 
         | Even if Google rips it all out and the supporting
         | infrastructure, a full rewrite from scratch wouldn't be too
         | tricky. It's just a bunch of RPC calls to the right extension
         | process from the network stack.
         | 
         | You'd still have the downsides that Google is trying to get rid
         | of (extensions can delay requests making the browser slow, and
         | extensions aren't multithreaded so all web requests have to be
         | funnelled through a single javascript thread in the extension).
         | But we've lived with those downsides for 10+ years - I think we
         | can keep them.
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | >extensions can delay requests making the browser slow
           | 
           | There's an older UBO wiki post showing, with their default
           | set of rules, the onBeforeRequest() processing adds about
           | 130ms of latency per request on an older i5 machine. It does
           | also show that a less performance focused ad blocker adds
           | around 420ms.
           | 
           | https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/uBlock-
           | vs.-ABP:-effic...
           | 
           | Of course, then you can subtract whatever performance issues
           | loading all those ads would have caused. That math often ends
           | up in favor of the ad blocker, even if it's not a
           | particularly efficient one.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | 0.13 ms per request is _loads_ when you consider a typical
             | web page (facebook homepage) has about 700 requests now,
             | and due to the single-threaded nature of javascript they
             | all need to be processed sequentially. Ie. thats 91
             | milliseconds seconds of pegging one core, just for one
             | extension, for loading one page.
             | 
             | It's also probably an underestimate, because it doesn't
             | include the IPC time within Chrome, which involves at least
             | two context switches, and the associated cache rewarming.
             | 
             | Granted, extensions could be better implemented - for
             | example, for URL blocking, there should be a bloom filter
             | for allowing stuff so that the whole list doesn't need to
             | be checked.
        
             | CodesInChaos wrote:
             | It costs 0.130ms or 130ms, not 130ms.
        
       | thedanbob wrote:
       | Glad to hear it. I've been using Vivaldi as my main browser for a
       | while now and I'd hate to give it up, but if it's a choice
       | between Vivaldi and a fully functioning ad blocker I'm probably
       | choosing the latter.
        
         | riidom wrote:
         | Yes, same for me. On my work laptop I use Firefox, and tried it
         | for a few weeks without adblocker, then I gave up.
         | 
         | I'd love to keep Vivaldi, and when there are problems with
         | adblocking, I will give it a patient try to see how bad it
         | actually is, but leaving the chromium world is absolutely an
         | option here.
         | 
         | Wonder how Firefox' market share will be influenced by this, in
         | general.
        
           | bloopernova wrote:
           | I'm curious why you used Firefox without ublock origin?
        
       | lemoncookiechip wrote:
       | Pretty much every browser that isn't Chrome or Edge, has put out
       | a similar message to Vivaldi's team. If that's not enough for
       | Google to get their **** together, and stop pretending like
       | they're doing this for the good of the end-user, I dunno what is.
        
       | Raed667 wrote:
       | It is hard to over-state the impact that MV3 will have on the
       | current extension landscape!
       | 
       | This move is a blatant attack from Google on power-users, always
       | in the name of "security" and performance.
        
         | hbn wrote:
         | I don't even think you can say adblockers are a "power user"
         | feature. The web is so bloated and bad that it's virtually
         | unusable without it.
         | 
         | I hope this gets found as the anti-competitive move that it is.
         | They're taking advantage of their near-monopoly that they have
         | in the browser space to force people to view more of their own
         | ads. It's disgusting.
        
           | Raed667 wrote:
           | Adblocking is the tip of the iceburg. Proxying, dev-tools
           | that manipulate CORS, rule-based cosmetic filters etc... will
           | also be impacted.
           | 
           | The other huge change that most people don't know about, is
           | the move from a persistent background.js script to a sevice-
           | worker will just make a number of use-cases impossible or
           | very hacky
        
             | aeharding wrote:
             | > the move from a persistent background.js script to a
             | sevice-worker will just make a number of use-cases
             | impossible or very hacky
             | 
             | Yep.
             | 
             | Chrome is even crippling some of their own APIs, like
             | chrome.tabCapture (not available in service workers, and in
             | mv3 will be "foreground only")
             | 
             | AKA, if you want to use chrome.tabCapture in mv3, you have
             | to run it in a tab. And because that tab can be closed at
             | any time, you need to serialize megabytes of data to the
             | chrome.storage api every few seconds.
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | Google announced that in order to achieve security we must get
         | rid of all "remote code" execution avenues.
         | 
         | Really small print: "Remote code" being all code Remote to
         | Google, as in code not residing on Google servers. User code
         | sitting on Users disk in form of an extension installed Locally
         | by the User into his "User Agent" is "Remote code" to Google.
        
           | svnpenn wrote:
           | > "Remote code" being all code Remote to Google, as in code
           | not residing on Google servers. User code sitting on Users
           | disk in form of an extension installed Locally by the User
           | into his "User Agent" is "Remote code" to Google.
           | 
           | Replace Google with Mozilla, and you still have an accurate
           | statement:
           | 
           | https://github.com/mozilla-mobile/fenix/issues/20647
        
         | Vinnl wrote:
         | Yet lots of people seem to manage, e.g. by stating that
         | adblockers will cease to function entirely.
        
           | Raed667 wrote:
           | I have tried both uBlock Minus[0] and AdguardMV3[1] and can
           | confidently say that they're barely a shadow of their
           | manifest-v2 versions.
           | 
           | [0]
           | https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/tree/master/platform/mv3
           | 
           | [1] https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardMV3
        
       | stevenhubertron wrote:
       | I use Vivaldi with NextDNS and LuLu blocking a layer up so
       | between the 3 I get great blocking and love Vivaldi.
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | Vivaldi, uBO, Pihole. I feel pretty safe online.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Google made a faux-pas with this one...
       | 
       | Their stated goal is to improve the performance of the web
       | request blocking API.
       | 
       | Their (unstated but suspected) goal is to neuter adblocking
       | chrome extensions.
       | 
       | They should have made extensions get auto-disabled if they 'slow
       | down web page loading too much'. Set the threshold for that to be
       | say more than a 20% increase in page load time, but make the
       | threshold decrease with time - eg. 10% in 2023, 5% in 2024, 2% in
       | 2025, to finally 1% in 2026 etc.
       | 
       | Eventually, that would achieve both of Googles goals - since
       | adblockers would be forced to shorten their lists of regex'es,
       | neutering them, and performance would increase at the same time.
       | Extension developers would have a hard time complaining, because
       | critics will always argue they just have bloated inefficient
       | code.
        
         | benjaminjosephw wrote:
         | Ah, the boiling frog strategy. Effective but definitely evil.
         | 
         | Is "don't be evil" still part of the Google's official ethos?
        
           | phpisthebest wrote:
           | >Is "don't be evil" still part of the Google's official
           | ethos?
           | 
           | No it is not, and has not been for decades
        
           | vorticalbox wrote:
           | It no longer prefaces the code of conduct but it still has a
           | mention.
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don%27t_be_evil
        
         | syrrim wrote:
         | Even a very poor adblocker will speed up web page loading in
         | the average case. If google went that route, they would be
         | forced to confront the fact that not having an adblocker is one
         | of the worst web performance decisions one can make.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | Google get to pick the metric. They can easily choose
           | "TotalCPU time spent by Chrome over the past week" vs "CPU
           | time expended in the extension scripts in the past week".
           | 
           | Remember that whatever matric they pick must be automatically
           | measurable by the end users machine - and loading a page with
           | and without an ad blocker isn't that.
        
         | ehsankia wrote:
         | > Their (unstated but suspected) goal is to neuter adblocking
         | chrome extensions.
         | 
         | Except they didn't. There's already 3-4 adblockers that work
         | perfectly as far as blocking ads is concerned. They do lose
         | more advanced features, but 99.9% of people with adblockers
         | installed never ever touch those features.
         | 
         | To claim that this neuters adblocking is truly ridiculous. It
         | also ignores that Safari has the exact same restrictions yet no
         | one complains that Apple wanted to neuter ad blocking.
        
           | robertoandred wrote:
           | There was tons of complaining when Safari adopted those
           | restrictions with the same claims and fears that ad blockers
           | were dead forever.
        
           | gorhill wrote:
           | > 99.9% of people with adblockers installed never ever touch
           | those [advanced features]
           | 
           | Custom matching algorithms and ability to fine tune or expand
           | matching algorithms according to new content blocking
           | challenges are actually a kind of advanced feature that are
           | used by all those users without them ever realizing it since
           | their content blocker work seamlessly on their favorite sites
           | without the need for intervention.
           | 
           | The declarativeNetRequest (DNR) API has been quite improved
           | since it was first announced and its great, but since it's
           | the only one we can use now, it's no longer possible to
           | innovate by coming up with improved matching algorithm for
           | network requests.
           | 
           | If the DNR had been designed 8 years ago according to the
           | requirements of content blockers back then, it would be
           | awfully equipped to deal with the challenges thrown at
           | content blockers nowadays, so it's difficult to think the
           | current one will be sufficient in the coming years.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | Nothing stops the API evolving... Anyone can make a build
             | of Chromium with a better API, test it out with their own
             | extension, and if it works better, then they can send a PR
             | to get that API into Chrome.
             | 
             | Obviously, extending an API is a long term commitment, so I
             | can understand the Chrome team wanting to only do it if
             | there is a decent benefit - "it makes my one extension with
             | 10 users work slightly better" probably doesn't cut it.
        
               | doomrobo wrote:
               | > Nothing stops the API evolving... Anyone can make a
               | build of Chromium with a better API, test it out with
               | their own extension, and if it works better, then they
               | can send a PR to get that API into Chrome.
               | 
               | This is not at all how API proposals are handled. There
               | are a lot more (time, financial, logical) barriers to a
               | change like this. See the role of the W3C in this:
               | https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2021/11/manifest-v3-open-
               | web-p...
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | >To claim that this neuters adblocking is truly ridiculous.
           | It also ignores that Safari has the exact same restrictions
           | yet no one complains that Apple wanted to neuter ad blocking.
           | 
           | I think it's more nuanced than that. Working around
           | adblockers is hard right now, because there are many
           | different types, and the ones that leverage onBeforeRequest()
           | are the hardest to work around, and are VERY popular.
           | 
           | So widespread working around declarative and DNS based
           | adblocking isn't happening, because the publishers rightly
           | recognize it would just drive people to better adblockers.
           | 
           | But, once all adblockers are declarative only, it could be an
           | effort worth taking.
           | 
           | Also, the Safari comparison is hard because Apple devices do
           | many other things to shore up their adblocker. It has a
           | larger allowed list, and comes along with everything else
           | Apple does to protect privacy and customer-specific targeted
           | ads.
           | 
           | Last, if it was really a nothingburger, I'm curious why
           | mobile Chrome has never allowed Chrome extensions.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | TingPing wrote:
           | This isn't an advanced feature, it's just how to effectively
           | block modern ads and ad networks will just rely on techniques
           | that can't be blocked now.
        
             | hombre_fatal wrote:
             | Is this speculation or has there actually been an analysis
             | of how many ads are unblockable?
             | 
             | I've used a declarative ad blocker on iOS for years and
             | haven't seen ads in a long time, especially not on big
             | websites like Youtube
             | 
             | Just sounds like a bunch of speculative hysteria tbh.
        
               | Shank wrote:
               | > I've used a declarative ad blocker on iOS for years and
               | haven't seen ads in a long time, especially not on big
               | websites like Youtube
               | 
               | I do too! But I also run into pages that are broken all
               | the time (pages don't scroll down, entirely white/black
               | pages load with no content, etc). This is with AdGuard's
               | basic filter set and updated filters. uBlock Origin
               | doesn't have these problems.
        
               | gorhill wrote:
               | > Is this speculation or has there actually been an
               | analysis of how many ads are unblockable?
               | 
               | You could go through all the issues that are solved on a
               | daily basis by filter list maintainers and see how your
               | content blocker deals with those specific issues being
               | solved for uBO.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | [1] https://github.com/uBlockOrigin/uAssets/issues?q=is%3
               | Aissue+...
        
               | HWR_14 wrote:
               | Which declarative ad blocker?
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | >They should have made extensions get auto-disabled if they
         | 'slow down web page loading too much'. Set the threshold for
         | that to be say more than
         | 
         | oh but they already did - All extensions are ignored and pushed
         | into lower priority thread when you are starting browser and
         | the first page loads. Everything is set to prioritize that time
         | to first page load. Result is first page loaded when browser
         | starts often manages to skip all adblockers.
        
         | westurner wrote:
         | eWASM opcodes each have a real cost. It's possible to compile
         | {JS, TypeScript, C, Python} to WASM.
         | 
         | What are some ideas for UI Visual Affordances to solve for bad
         | UX due to slow browser tabs and extensions?
         | 
         | - [ ] UBY: Browsers: Strobe the tab tab or extension button
         | when it's beyond (configurable) resource usage thresholds
         | 
         | - [ ] UBY: Browsers: Vary the {color, size, fill} of the tab
         | tabs according to their relative resource utilization
         | 
         | - [ ] ENH,SEC: Browsers: specify per-tab/per-domain resource
         | quotas: CPU, RAM, Disk, [GPU, TPU, QPU] (Linux: cgroups,)
        
       | worble wrote:
       | >As Vivaldi is built on the Chromium code, how we tackle the API
       | change depends on how Google implements the restriction. The
       | assurance is, whatever restrictions Google adds, in the end,
       | we'll look into removing them.
       | 
       | Is this not a serious wake up call for all these companies
       | relying on Chromium? You are staking so much of your business on
       | a giant conglomerate that does not care about you or your users,
       | whose only aim to sweep up as much data from the web as possible
       | to feed their ad machine.
        
         | perryizgr8 wrote:
         | IMO this is a great chance for Microsoft to take charge and try
         | to get back in the browser game.
         | 
         | They should fork Chromium and sign up all the others (Brave,
         | Vivaldi, Opera) to help maintain the code base. Of course MS
         | can afford to pitch in the maximum amount of resources, both
         | human and financial.
         | 
         | This way we will have a serious contender to Chrome in the
         | industry and they can differentiate themselves meaningfully
         | from Google's hegemony in the space.
         | 
         | But they won't do it, it's hard to ignore those sweet potential
         | ad monies.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | The first problem with your (and a lot of peoples') proposal
           | is the notion that a Chrome ripoff (aka a fork) is a valid
           | competitor.
           | 
           | If you're going to sell me a Chrome ripoff, I'll just use the
           | real deal. It's the same reason why Firefox died: They
           | tried/try to ripoff Chrome, and as a result everyone just
           | moved/moves over to the real deal.
        
             | Volundr wrote:
             | I'm confused by both your assertion Firefox is dead and
             | that they tried to rip off Chrome. Can you clarify?
             | 
             | I'm using Firefox specifically for a number of features
             | chrome does not have.
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | >assertion Firefox is dead
               | 
               | Firefox is (and has been) no longer a consideration in
               | web development because of its tiny and thus
               | inconsequential market share.
               | 
               | Lest we forget, Firefox was once the market leader that
               | usurped the position from IE6.
               | 
               | >they tried to rip off Chrome
               | 
               | The constant dumbing down and changing of the UI, removal
               | of XUL in favor of WebAssembly (dropping Firefox
               | extensions in favor of becoming compatible with Chrome
               | extensions), moving to the Chrome Version Number system
               | (we're on Firefox what again? 100? 150? 200?) to not look
               | ancient comparatively, etc.
               | 
               | I'm sincerely of the opinion Mozilla should just drop
               | Gecko and move Firefox over to being another Chrome fork.
               | It would be far more in line with Mozilla's goals of
               | shipping a Chrome ripoff in vain attempts to steal Chrome
               | users.
        
               | Volundr wrote:
               | > Firefox is (and has been) no longer a consideration in
               | web development because of its tiny and thus
               | inconsequential market share.
               | 
               | Is 7.4% of desktop users [0] inconsequential? Maybe to
               | your business, but I think most would be sad to lose 7%
               | of desktop users. I'll also note if this indicates
               | "death" Safari is dead too.
               | 
               | I know XUL pissed off a lot of people, but I really don't
               | think copying Chrome was the main motivation. XUL had a
               | LOT of cruft and issues they wanted to escape and going
               | to web extensions for some level of interoperability made
               | sense, and looking at data from around that time [1] it
               | doesn't appear to have cost them much of their user-base.
               | It's also a perfect example of Firefox _not_ copying
               | Chrome, with Firefox supporting a ton of APIs Chrome
               | doesn 't or has removed [2].
               | 
               | As for the UI "copying" Chrome, I'm not sure how to
               | respond to that. I just spun up vanilla profiles of
               | Firefox and Chrome, and sure they both have tabs at the
               | top, but they are pretty visually distinct. Yes Firefox
               | has reduced the size of it's UI over the years, but if
               | that's copying Chrome... I guess a lot of apps are.
               | 
               | Firefox may be in decline, and that makes me sad, but I
               | think that has a lot more to do with shitty developers
               | using non-standard Chrome APIs and then telling users to
               | use Chrome when it breaks, while GMail and other Google
               | properties cripple Firefox performance, rather than
               | Firefox blindly copying Chrome.
               | 
               | Personally I hope this trend reverses. Firefox is the
               | only thing stopping Chrome from becoming the next IE 6.
               | 
               | [0] - https://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-
               | share/desktop/worl...
               | 
               | [1] - https://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-
               | share/desktop/worl...
               | 
               | [2] - https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
               | US/docs/Mozilla/Add-ons/Web...
        
             | tyingq wrote:
             | I'm curious about the notion that Firefox tried to ripoff
             | Chrome. I have qualms with Firefox, but that wasn't on the
             | list.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | I think he may be talking about the UI. Firefox's UI
               | changes were very Chrome-like.
        
           | zagrebian wrote:
           | > They should fork Chromium
           | 
           | Microsoft already did that. Edge uses Microsoft's fork of
           | Chromium.
        
             | BidensBikeRide wrote:
             | Edge isn't a fork, it's just a Chromium browser. All of the
             | horrible changes Google makes to Chromium affect Edge too
        
               | zagrebian wrote:
               | You're wrong. Microsoft maintains a fork and continuously
               | decides which changes to pull from Chromium's source.
        
               | BidensBikeRide wrote:
               | It's not a fork. They have to go out of their way to
               | exclude changes from chromium https://www.reddit.com/r/IA
               | mA/comments/c094uf/hi_reddit_were...
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | >Microsoft reported more than $10 billion in advertising
           | revenue last year
        
           | lamontcg wrote:
           | Or they (Brave, Vivaldi, Opera, etc) could use Gecko Quantum
           | instead of Chromium.
        
             | Mogzol wrote:
             | If that happens I suspect they would lose a large portion
             | of their userbase to Firefox. The main selling point for a
             | lot of people is that these browsers are basically Chrome
             | without the Google stuff. If they change to Quantum, why
             | would people not just use Firefox? Unlike Chrome, Firefox
             | is already fairly privacy focused, there's not as much of
             | an incentive for people to use alternative Firefox-based
             | browsers.
             | 
             | I currently use Brave, but if they switched to using
             | Quantum I personally would just switch to Firefox proper.
        
           | phpisthebest wrote:
           | Microsoft should have based Edge on Mozilla's engine instead
           | of blink, and should not have tried to get Mozilla to move to
           | blink
        
           | AlphaSite wrote:
           | It would have been good for the ecosystem to spin up around
           | Firefox or WebKit, either would have been a less problematic
           | entity than Blink.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | It's not really a wake up call - at any time they could fork
         | and go their own way.
         | 
         | Just right now, they prefer to not have to pay for 1000+
         | engineers to work on the codebase to keep up with the pace that
         | Google manages.
        
           | kevincox wrote:
           | I'm not sure a lot of these browsers have the resources to
           | fork Chromium and stay "profitable" or whatever their goal
           | is. Microsoft probably could but they gave up on Edge when it
           | was pretty feature complete so I'm guessing that they would
           | really prefer not to maintain a browser by themselves. I'd
           | bet that most of the other Chromium-based browsers would not
           | be capable of financially maintaining a serious fork where
           | some fundamental internal APIs have been changed.
        
             | rasz wrote:
             | Microsoft had a chance of winning back Browser war by
             | announcing Blink fork with V2 and 100% backporting of all
             | Google changes. But "Microsoft reported more than $10
             | billion in advertising revenue last year", so they were
             | reluctant to get this easy win.
        
               | alyandon wrote:
               | Yes, I was pretty disappointed when Microsoft announced
               | they would transition to v3. They already do so much
               | customization to completely de-Google Chromium and
               | replace it with Microsoft equivalent functionality (and
               | adding new features on top of that) - it would have been
               | almost a no-op for them to maintain v2 compatibility.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | I think Microsoft is increasingly getting into the ad
               | business themselves, and so may have the same incentive
               | as Google in terms of neutering adblockers.
        
           | dblohm7 wrote:
           | Former browser engineer here: Thank you for that second
           | sentence. So many people forget that part!
        
           | HWR_14 wrote:
           | > keep up with the pace that Google manages.
           | 
           | Absent security issues, what's the value of the last N
           | releases of Chrome? How far do you have to go to get
           | something of value that changed?
           | 
           | Serious question, because I'm not on the cutting edge of
           | browser technology. From a step away, it seems like it's been
           | fairly stable.
        
             | dotproto wrote:
             | > Absent security issues, what's the value of the last N
             | releases of Chrome? How far do you have to go to get
             | something of value that changed?
             | 
             | IMO something of value changes with every release. For
             | example, in the most recent release (105) Chromium gained
             | support for container queries and the :has() pseudo-class.
             | Container queries allow web devs to change how styling is
             | applied the contents of an element based on the size of the
             | element itself. That's a major new tool for web developers
             | & designers. 105 also supports the HTML Sanitizer API,
             | which relieves the need to use libraries like DomPurify to
             | protect against XSS attacks.
             | 
             | If you're interested in digging into what changes in each
             | release, Chrome has a blog post series called New in
             | Chrome[1] that summarizes changes. And to dive even further
             | into changes, the Chrome Status[2] site allows you to
             | filter platform feature changes by release milestone.
             | 
             | [1]: https://developer.chrome.com/tags/new-in-chrome/ [2]:
             | https://chromestatus.com/features#milestone%3D104
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | fpoling wrote:
           | Mozilla (and Opera for that matter before) showed that one
           | needed much smaller team to maintain a full-featured web
           | engine. Plus a lot of Chromium complexity comes from the
           | desire to make such big team manageable. So they split
           | tightly coupled code into separated components worked on by
           | different groups resulting in a lot of glue interfaces and
           | wrapper classes.
        
             | dblohm7 wrote:
             | Former Mozilla engineer here: The Firefox team isn't as
             | small as you are implying, and they are always constrained
             | by inadequate resources.
        
           | adam_arthur wrote:
           | They could fork and alter only this part of the code and
           | likely manage pulling from upstream with very few people.
           | 
           | Even easier if there's a shared open source fork. My company
           | did it with 2 people
        
           | mort96 wrote:
           | I don't think it's a preference thing. I don't think Vivaldi,
           | or Brave, or any other company whose main product is a
           | browser, can have the income to pay 1000+ engineers to work
           | on the codebase to keep up with the pace of Google.
           | 
           | Maybe it should at the very least be a wake up call to
           | companies which can't afford the engineer-hours it takes to
           | maintain a Chromium fork.
        
             | madamelic wrote:
             | There's enough of them and I am sure non-affiliated as
             | well, they could likely scrape together enough engineering
             | 'power' to maintain their own sane fork of Chromium.
             | 
             | They don't need to keep pace feature-wise. I don't need a
             | featureful browser, I want a browser that performs well.
        
               | nemothekid wrote:
               | > _They don 't need to keep pace feature-wise._
               | 
               | Last I looked into it; the problem wasnt with features.
               | The Chrome code base is very dynamic and if you fall
               | behind then it becomes very hard to pull upstream patches
               | due to the pace at which things get refactored.
        
           | cjpearson wrote:
           | Out of curiosity, does Google really have that many engineers
           | working on Chromium? According to Wikipedia, Mozilla has ~750
           | employees and only a subset of those are working on Firefox.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | The repository gets 500 commits per day. Assume the average
             | engineer manages about 1 commit per day. Thats about 500
             | engineers working on it... [very rough, but ballpark
             | correct].
             | 
             | And remember some people might be working on
             | experiments/research/ideas that never make it into the
             | repo.
             | 
             | And there are lots of libraries in other repos that kinda
             | only exist for Chromium that Google also works on - eg. the
             | Skia graphics library.
             | 
             | But... on top of those engineers will be UX designers,
             | managers, HR, finance, chefs, and all the other people who
             | make an organisation work.
             | 
             | I think 1000 is a good guess - maybe even 2000.
        
             | dblohm7 wrote:
             | Former Mozilla employee here: A subset, yes, but also a
             | majority. And it isn't enough.
        
       | NayamAmarshe wrote:
       | Brave will probably be the only remaining chromium-based browser
       | to have a solid adblock system that's low level enough to not be
       | affected by the manifest changes.
       | 
       | Vivaldi is great and all but they suck at privacy.
       | 
       | Source: https://privacytests.org
        
         | dagurp wrote:
         | https://vivaldi.com/is/security/common-questions/#privacytes...
        
       | drcongo wrote:
       | > Vivaldi comes with [...] a built-in Mail and Calendar
       | 
       | Why? Why on earth would anyone want those built into their web
       | browser?
        
         | zamalek wrote:
         | Zawinski's Law. [1]
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamie_Zawinski#Zawinski.27s_La...
        
         | selykg wrote:
         | Vivaldi is sort of the spiritual successor to Opera and Opera
         | had those things built in and by the sounds of it, some people
         | really enjoyed that.
         | 
         | Just because you might not be interested does not mean others
         | aren't.
        
           | drcongo wrote:
           | I get that, but that doesn't really answer the "why". I also
           | wouldn't buy a fridge that had a built-in toaster.
        
             | majou wrote:
             | How about a water dispenser and ice machine?
             | 
             | Mail and Calendar apps are mostly used from the browser now
             | anwyay.
        
               | drcongo wrote:
               | Cold water and ice being dispensed from a thing that
               | makes things cold? Makes sense.
        
             | infinityplus1 wrote:
             | How about a gaming console with a built-in chicken warmer?
             | https://landing.coolermaster.com/kfconsole/
        
               | drcongo wrote:
               | Now we're talking.
        
             | rickstanley wrote:
             | Your "why" is exactly what selykg answered. To paraphrase:
             | there are _some_ people that would like the convenience to
             | have calendar and e-mail client in their browser, just
             | because it 's already there and maybe intersects with the
             | workflow. A niche? Maybe, but there's always someone.
        
               | drcongo wrote:
               | I guess the thing that's baffling me then is how they got
               | there in the first place.
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | In the 90s, the Internet was seen differently. The core
               | functions - email! Shopping! Message boards! - were
               | thought of as the pillars of what made up the World Wide
               | Web. And so AOL and Netscape and others bundled the
               | software into suites, where you got all your Internet
               | stuff done. Mozilla used to be this way in its early
               | days, before the web browser branched to Firefox.
               | 
               | Opera did it, too, and Vivaldi is a spiritual successor
               | to Opera.
               | 
               | I switched to Vivaldi on Android because I didn't want to
               | use Chrome, but Firefox on Android was doing two things
               | that annoyed me: Reloading tabs when I navigate back to
               | them after a long time ( which is a delay at best or
               | loses the page state at worst) and as of six months ago,
               | the screen would stutter when scrolling through pages
               | like the New York Times.
               | 
               | Anyway, I tried Vivaldi mobile and liked it, then decided
               | I might like the sync features between desktop and
               | mobile, so I now use it on desktop.
               | 
               | And _then_ I decided to try their mail client, which
               | "just works" for me and my light usage. I already have
               | the browser up all the time, so I hit F4 and check my
               | mail.
        
               | coldacid wrote:
               | Mozilla was like this too because it was (initially) the
               | open sourced Netscape code, at least until they decided
               | to throw most of it away and start over.
        
             | Terretta wrote:
             | > I also wouldn't buy a fridge that had a built-in toaster.
             | 
             | Storing food and transforming food are not the same
             | activity.
             | 
             | However, "trivection" ovens that use 3 kinds of eat and
             | also microwave or toast are increasingly popular, because
             | people _very much_ like one thing that does several related
             | things. (EDIT: Same story as the water + ice you agreed
             | with below.)
             | 
             | "Get my stuff that's online" or "do things online" is one
             | of those same-headspace things large percentages of boomers
             | grew up doing in one place (AOL, then Mozilla suite, Opera,
             | etc.), and "portals" perpetuated today by Google and
             | Microsoft except as web apps in browsers (Edge, Chrome)
             | trying to be the portal wrapping the web apps, which the
             | same people tend to hate.
             | 
             | So Vivaldi gives the "one place" that works "one way" but
             | doesn't feel like a weird web app you accidentally close a
             | tab and lose everything.
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | Why not?
        
           | BidensBikeRide wrote:
           | Because I can access email online and my OS has a built in
           | calendar
        
         | kwhitefoot wrote:
         | Emacs has a mail reader.
         | 
         | Why would anyone want a mail reader in their editor. /s
        
       | ktosobcy wrote:
       | Yeah... relying on Chromium and "don't be evil" Google definitely
       | sounds like fun.
       | 
       | It's sad that Firefox engine is so difficult to embed and we
       | could have seen more projects using it.
        
         | djbusby wrote:
         | Or that Rust based renderer they were working on.
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | As far as I'm aware they integrated Servo into Firefox piece
           | by piece.
        
         | freediver wrote:
         | Fun facts:
         | 
         | There are as many project using Gecko as they are using WebKit
         | (roughly). [1]
         | 
         | Browser framework that Firefox is built on is called Quantum.
         | Other Quantum browsers are LibreWolf, Tor, Pale Moon etc..
         | 
         | Chrome and clones are based on Chromium.
         | 
         | Interestingly there is no browser framework available for
         | WebKit rendering engine and every WebKit browser has to be
         | built from scratch on top of WebKit.
         | 
         | Web rendering engine -> Browser framework -> Browser
         | 
         | Blink -> Chromium -> Chrome, Edge, ...
         | 
         | Gecko -> Quantum -> Firefox, LibreWolf, ...
         | 
         | WebKit -> -> Safari, Orion, ...
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://twitter.com/vladquant/status/1492181669788356611/pho...
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | Pale Moon is not Quantum.
        
           | kolme wrote:
           | I'd say LibreWolf, Tor, Pale Moon, etc are not browsers based
           | on Gecko. They are forks of Firefox with some modifications.
           | 
           | The interface looks exactly the same.
           | 
           | If you look for "embedding Gecko", all the documentation
           | seems to be archived/deprecated. It doesn't seem to be
           | supported by Mozilla anymore. And it was never easy.
        
             | freediver wrote:
             | They are forks of Quantum browser framework of which
             | Firefox is one instance, like Chrome is one instance of
             | "Chromium" browser framework.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | The history of how Chromium got to such a dominant position is
         | basically a history of Mozilla failing to see the next thing
         | over the horizon.
        
           | JohnTHaller wrote:
           | Don't forget all the shady bundleware installers that tricked
           | people into installing Chrome via Adobe Flash, Avast, etc.
           | https://imgur.com/gallery/WWZxj
        
           | freediver wrote:
           | Is it? Or is the case of Mozilla innovation being suppresed
           | by the virtue of its almost entire revenue coming from the
           | main competitor? "Failing to see" could easilly be imposed.
        
           | gkbrk wrote:
           | Yes, it's due to Mozilla failing to keep up.
           | 
           | Possibly Google paying companies to bundle Chrome with their
           | software installers had a part as well.
           | 
           | Perhaps putting a Chrome advertisement to the Google homepage
           | and recommending an "upgrade" to all Google visitors played a
           | part too. Maybe.
        
             | ldng wrote:
             | It's not Mozilla failing to keep up, it's Mozilla growing
             | an unhealthy, greedy and complacent middle-management fat.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Firefox's decline has been in progress for a long time,
               | starting when Google deployed billions of dollars of
               | Chrome ads and pushing users of Gmail, YouTube, etc. to
               | switch, and as people moved onto mobile devices where
               | Firefox couldn't run (iOS) or was at a disadvantage
               | competing with the OS developer (everything else). Don't
               | forget things like the video wars where Google made a
               | promise to drop H.264 support in the name of openness,
               | let Firefox suffer the compatibility hit, and then
               | retracted that promise.
               | 
               | Mozilla has made some bad decisions but we should
               | acknowledge that a fair fraction of them were also
               | flailing around trying to recover from those competitors'
               | actions. I don't think Firefox OS would have happened if,
               | for example, iOS allowed a real browser market.
        
             | zaphar wrote:
             | When Chrome came out it was unambiguously:
             | 
             | * A safer browser. * A more performant browser.
             | 
             | Which was more than enough for most of us to recommend
             | everyone switch. Much the same was as when Firefox first
             | came out it was unambiguously:
             | 
             | * A safer browser. * A more performant browser.
             | 
             | Which was more than enough for most of us to recommend
             | everyone switch. The switching cost of a browser is quite
             | low. The next browser to meet the above criteria will
             | experience a similar jump in users. The challenge is in
             | actually delivering a browser that can do so. The web
             | standards are massively complex for many reasons, some of
             | them legitimate. The barrier for entry is going up over
             | time and shows no sign of slowing down.
        
               | imbnwa wrote:
               | I was coaching a HS debate team when Chrome dropped and
               | all my students switched to Chrome organically with no
               | input from myself, a techie, within a week of release.
               | Don't even think they were running the ads yet, there was
               | just the web comic.
        
             | wolrah wrote:
             | I think the biggest boost to Chrome's initial success was
             | the fact that it's capable of installing entirely within
             | the user profile, so unless a corporate IT department has
             | gone out of their way to lock a system down an unprivileged
             | user can install it for themself.
             | 
             | Remember, Chrome was released in 2008. Internet Explorer,
             | with almost 2/3 of the browser marketshare, was on version
             | 7 at that time and a stupid number of corporate IT
             | departments would continue to default to IE 6 rather than
             | updating or fixing their ancient garbage applications for
             | years to come.
             | 
             | Chrome provided a way for power users to have a non-shitty
             | browser, which then blossomed from there as more and more
             | web sites made use of modern browser capabilities and
             | worked worse and worse in corporate-mandated IE instances.
             | 
             | Putting on my BOFH hat obviously I'm not the biggest fan of
             | such "shadow IT" processes but I understand that they
             | happen when needs and wants aren't being met and sometimes
             | this is the most effective way to force a necessary change.
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | It's not even that. They had innovative things (arguably
           | before the world was ready) and cancelled them.
        
           | phpisthebest wrote:
           | Chromium got to be a dominant position because google nagged
           | every user that visit google for a period of 10+ years to
           | install chrome for a "better experience"
        
             | misnome wrote:
             | For at least the first half of that, it was completely
             | true. One single change to make crashing sites stop
             | crashing the browser.
             | 
             | And, despite it being google - they don't force me into the
             | options menu to remove advertising off of my Home Screen,
             | and have never forcibly installed extensions advertising TV
             | shows.
        
           | danielheath wrote:
           | "Failing to see" is one explanation. "Struggling to keep
           | pace" is another; there's really quite a lot of work involved
           | in keeping up with web standards.
        
             | pygy_ wrote:
             | And, surprisingly, Google has more employees on WICG (the
             | W3C standards incubator) than all other relevant parties
             | added together.
        
               | piva00 wrote:
               | Instead of regulatory capture they are going for the
               | standards' committee capture... I'm curious about other
               | cases of corporations taking over standards' committees,
               | anyone else has examples?
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Most standards committees are either built from or
               | heavily influenced by the corporate interests that are
               | directly impacted by the standards.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Well, unsurprisingly. The nature of the web ties 100%
               | into everything Google does as a company. It's not just
               | in their vested interest to be involved in that system;
               | it's an existential underpinning to their company, akin
               | to General Motor's interest in rubber standards.
        
               | pygy_ wrote:
               | That is also true of Mozilla and Facebook, and probably
               | others...
        
               | phpisthebest wrote:
               | Not really surprising given that W3c is basically a
               | subsidiary of Google at this point rubber-stamping any
               | change to "standards" that google wants
        
           | causi wrote:
           | Personally I'd split it into two eras. The first is "Chrome
           | arises as a faster browser and then gimps performance of
           | Google services like Youtube on non-Chrome browsers" which
           | lost Firefox half its market share. The second era is
           | "Mozilla waters-down the essence of Firefox by vainly trying
           | to recapture Chrome's market share while ignoring what its
           | core userbase actually liked about Firefox."
        
             | folkrav wrote:
             | How did Mozilla "water-down" their own essence? Is it about
             | that old XUL debate again?
        
               | causi wrote:
               | Just one among many other choices. Adding garbage content
               | like suggested stories. Removing one method of
               | customizing the UI without implementing a new one. The
               | pile of flaming garbage that Firefox Mobile became after
               | the transition to Firefox for Android. Continually
               | dropping options out of about:config and userchrome.css.
               | It goes on and on.
        
               | jamespo wrote:
               | All of those are niche features that will not hold back
               | the tide of Chrome
        
             | shadowgovt wrote:
             | Did Google gimp performance on their services or did
             | Mozilla not spend the resources to keep up?
             | 
             | I can confirm that Google didn't wasn't testing on Firefox
             | first as of the early-to-mid 2010s, but that was an
             | efficiency-of-testing decision; how much should a company
             | spend on testing a browser with a sub-10% market share?
        
               | causi wrote:
               | For example, they created a Youtube redesign which relied
               | on a deprecated API that only Chrome implemented. It was
               | deliberate and resulted in a 500% slowdown for Firefox
               | and Edge users. It was and is a systematic campaign to
               | use Google properties to damage the user experience of
               | competing browsers.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | So Mozilla didn't implement a deprecated API that would
               | have made video 500% faster on the largest video site on
               | the planet.
               | 
               | ... That sounds like it's on Mozilla.
        
               | abdulmuhaimin wrote:
               | no. its called deprecated API for a reason.
               | 
               | Its deprecated
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | _shrug_ To do my actual job, I have to implement on
               | deprecated APIs all the time. Deprecation is a
               | declaration of intent, but intent rams into reality and
               | changes continuously.
               | 
               | There are two types of deprecated APIs: ones nobody uses
               | and ones everybody uses. Sounds like Mozilla mis-guessed
               | on which one of those Shadow Dom v0 would be.
               | 
               | (From my limited experience: I bet while the Chrome team
               | was trying to deprecate shadow dom v0, YouTube, which
               | still operates as a pretty independent arm inside the
               | Google ecosystem, built a new system on Polymer and in
               | terms of Google's management architecture, nobody has
               | authority to tell them not to do that. Far from an
               | intentional shafting of other browsers, it was likely a
               | failure to coordinate internally coupled with total
               | apathy regarding what that meant for other browsers,
               | since from YouTube's point of view, Chrome is free and
               | available to everyone.
               | 
               | Never attribute to malice that which can be explained by
               | disorganized-bag-of-cats management style).
        
         | dblohm7 wrote:
         | > It's sad that Firefox engine is so difficult to embed and we
         | could have seen more projects using it.
         | 
         | Not on Android, it isn't. https://geckoview.dev
        
       | jerrygoyal wrote:
       | not just ad blocking, user scripts are going away too.
       | 
       | Next year is going to be the year of Firefox. Mozilla team intend
       | to keep these APIs around.
        
         | gorhill wrote:
         | It looks like it's being worked on, see
         | <https://github.com/w3c/webextensions/issues/279>.
        
       | hunkins wrote:
       | Having built something that had to use the netRequest API due to
       | new extensions being forced into MV3, I can attest to it being
       | viciously limited and complex.
       | 
       | Ads will win if MV3 is mass adopted and enforced. Time to set-up
       | Pi-hole.
        
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       (page generated 2022-09-23 23:02 UTC)