[HN Gopher] A long-haul flight with no breaks or meals: The godw...
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       A long-haul flight with no breaks or meals: The godwit's epic
       journey
        
       Author : pseudolus
       Score  : 65 points
       Date   : 2022-09-20 20:59 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | rwmj wrote:
       | https://archive.ph/tJCAB
        
       | robotresearcher wrote:
       | > "The more I learn, the more amazing I find them," said Theunis
       | Piersma, a professor of global flyway ecology. "They are a total
       | evolutionary success."
       | 
       | Amazing animals indeed, but the latter is a strangely
       | unscientific thing for any kind of biologist to be quoted saying.
       | 
       | I wonder if this is one of those journo-quotes:
       | 
       | Journo: "Would you say these birds are a total evolutionary
       | success?"
       | 
       | Biologist: "Well, I wouldn't put it like that, but yes, they show
       | an incredible adaptation ... <etc>"
       | 
       | Journo: "Got it. Total evolutionary success."
        
         | jononomo wrote:
         | Yeah, the idea that they are a total evolutionary success only
         | makes sense if you start by assuming that they must be a total
         | evolutionary success. It makes just as much sense to say they
         | are a brilliant example of intelligent design.
        
           | robotresearcher wrote:
           | The concept of 'total evolutionary success' doesn't really
           | make any sense.
           | 
           | The species is not extinct, but so is every other extant
           | species. Maybe gene frequency is your success measure? There
           | aren't many of this species around. Some of its genes are
           | found in all birds, so those are pretty successful, but small
           | beans compared to ant or algae genes. All these things
           | probably have some respiration or protein synthesis genes in
           | common. Maybe the success is with respect to their ecological
           | niche? They fly really far! But everything lives in its own
           | niche, and is the same amount of alive in it....
           | 
           | Evolved things are not more or less successful, they just
           | are.
        
       | jononomo wrote:
       | Shouldn't this be impossible just from the perspective of
       | physics? Do these birds lose 90% of their body weight during this
       | flight?
        
         | moralestapia wrote:
         | Air currents provide most of the flight's energy.
        
           | jononomo wrote:
           | Apparently they flap their wings for the entire trip.
           | 
           | Also: "Their internal organs undergo a "strategic
           | restructuring" before departure. The gizzards, kidneys,
           | livers and guts shrink to lighten the load for the trans-
           | Pacific journey. Pectoral muscles grow before takeoff to
           | support the constant flapping the trip requires."
        
           | jononomo wrote:
           | "Other birds do stay aloft for long periods using a technique
           | called "dynamic soaring," while godwits power themselves by
           | continuous flapping, which takes far more energy."
        
             | moralestapia wrote:
             | Ok but still, air currents provide most of the flight's
             | energy. Otherwise, as OP correctly pointed out, the physics
             | don't make sense.
        
         | Infernal wrote:
         | At one point TFA seems to indicate they lose 50% of their
         | weight, dropping from 2lbs to 1lbs.
        
           | svnpenn wrote:
           | True, but the AFT says they actually gain weight.
        
         | jononomo wrote:
         | Yes, this should be impossible -- scientists have no idea how
         | they do it:
         | 
         | "Current models say the birds should conk out after three or
         | four days, yet they fly for more than a week. "We can't explain
         | the physiology that allows them to do this," Dr. Guglielmo
         | said. "We know what the energy costs should be from wind tunnel
         | experiments, but when we try to use our models, the energy
         | costs we know they used are much lower." The birds use half or
         | less of the energy expected."
         | 
         | "Are they going into a suspended animation state when they are
         | doing these monster flights?" Dr. Guglielmo asked. "I don't
         | think they are in a normal physiological state when they are
         | doing this,"
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | frakt0x90 wrote:
           | It reminds of that study recently that found dead troutcan
           | still "swim" in water currents. Perhaps these birds have
           | similarly incredible geometry that allow them to fly without
           | exerting energy
           | 
           | https://fyfluiddynamics.com/2018/07/when-i-was-a-child-my-
           | fa...
        
         | JTbane wrote:
         | Thermals?
        
       | cultofmetatron wrote:
       | and here I thought Ryanair was expanding.
        
         | smcin wrote:
         | The advantage with the bird is that it doesn't constantly shill
         | you duty-free and in-flight shopping.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Wonder Bird Flies Thousands of Miles, Non-Stop, as Part of a
       | Migration_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30054432 - Jan
       | 2022 (2 comments)
       | 
       |  _The Hudsonian godwit flies thousands of miles, non-stop_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29917581 - Jan 2022 (3
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Bar-tailed Godwits regularly travel more than 7,000 miles non-
       | stop_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29225729 - Nov 2021
       | (203 comments)
        
       | hartator wrote:
       | I thought for a minute it was new Ryanair product.
        
       | focusedone wrote:
       | Didn't know it was a bird - really thought this was going to be
       | some epic travelog about the furthest one could fly using short-
       | hop-no-snack flights.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | If you count direct flights with stops (eg, it stops, but you
         | stay on the plane), then the longest on an LCC is French Bee
         | that'll take you from Paris to Papeete (Tahiti) via LA. Food
         | not included on the Basic Fare, with a scheduled duration of
         | 19:55 to fly 15,728 km.
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | Apparently it stops in SF and the duration is 20h50m:
           | 
           | https://www.frenchbee.com/en/destinations/tahiti-islands
        
       | Infernal wrote:
       | I'm really curious about the evolutionary path these birds may
       | have taken to an adaptation that allows them to fly 8-10 days
       | non-stop. A couple ideas, assuming that any change evolution can
       | keep up with needs to be gradual/incremental:
       | 
       | Could they have been making this journey since the land masses in
       | question were significantly closer together?
       | 
       | Could they have originally migrated between closer locations, but
       | as weather warmed post-ice-age they slowly increased the length
       | of migration between "temperate northern hemisphere" and
       | "temperate southern hemisphere" climates?
       | 
       | Could sea level rises post-ice-age have covered over islands that
       | were formerly stopping points, or pushed back shorelines that
       | effectively increased the distance required?
       | 
       | Curious to hear what other ideas folks might have.
        
         | jononomo wrote:
         | I just asked the same question -- it would be interesting to
         | see how long ago these land masses were close enough together
         | and the rate at which they moved apart over time.
        
       | freediver wrote:
       | These kind of things bring tears to my eyes, not sure why. So
       | little we know..
        
       | jononomo wrote:
       | How does this behavior evolve? Shrinking your internal organs and
       | going into a zombie state for a 9-day flight seems like it would
       | require the coordination of dozens of separate processes, and
       | making it only 95% of the way means drowning in the ocean.
       | Evolution works through tiny incremental changes, but this flight
       | sounds like an all-or-nothing scenario.
        
         | nerdponx wrote:
         | I wonder if this evolved while ocean levels were lower, and the
         | physical distances between chunks of land were shorter. And
         | what if there were more islands along the way at some point?
         | Also I wonder what % of godwits do actually fail along the way.
         | I suspect that many "elderly" birds aren't able to make the
         | trip.
        
           | WalterBright wrote:
           | Nomadic tribes would just leave behind the elderly who could
           | no longer keep up.
        
         | setr wrote:
         | >Evolution works through tiny incremental changes, but this
         | flight sounds like an all-or-nothing scenario.
         | 
         | I never confirmed one way or the other, but I'm fairly positive
         | evolution operates by large sudden changes followed by
         | incremental improvements/optimizations -- it's difficult to
         | explain many "weird" traits through incremental improvements,
         | because most of them would get stuck in local maxima's before
         | achieving any real benefit over the prior state.
         | 
         | Like you can't evolve a third arm by slowly iterating towards
         | it, from a lump to a stump to a limb to a functional limb; it'd
         | be entirely a loss until it becomes fully functional. You have
         | to grow a shitty yet complete third arm first, but not so
         | shitty that it doesn't offer benefit, and then iteratively
         | improve it into a pretty nice arm
        
       | rdtwo wrote:
       | Ha I thought it was a new airline
        
         | ilrwbwrkhv wrote:
         | Probably Canadian.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | xwdv wrote:
       | I wonder if any small insects have learned to hitch a ride in the
       | feathers of these birds in order to reach far away lands. I guess
       | their lifespan wouldn't allow for such a long journey unless
       | perhaps they went into some kind of hibernation.
        
       | rvba wrote:
       | Are the scientists sure that the birds dont catch some fish? (I
       | guess salt water cpuld be a problem)
        
       | texaslonghorn5 wrote:
       | Cool! Here's a link
       | https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-migrating-bir...
       | explaining the magnetic sensing capabilities of the birds a
       | little more in depth!
        
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       (page generated 2022-09-22 23:01 UTC)