[HN Gopher] In 2019 RX470 were $70, RX580 $100
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       In 2019 RX470 were $70, RX580 $100
        
       Author : albxxdx
       Score  : 278 points
       Date   : 2022-09-20 12:55 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (postadio.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (postadio.com)
        
       | smcl wrote:
       | I picked up an RX580 when restrictions tightened at one point in
       | my country and I decided to build a gaming PC (to play Doom 2016
       | first and foremost) - cost me what works out to $243 (5999 CZK).
       | It was the cheapest non-bad card I could find at that point, but
       | I timed it well as there were basically no gfx cards around for
       | months and months afterwards. When they started showing up again
       | everything was astronomical in value and sold out quickly.
       | 
       | Nice little card, handled admirably whatever I threw at it
       | (Cyberpunk struggled a little, though).
        
       | switch007 wrote:
       | 2022 is definitely the year for being lied to and gaslight and
       | purposefully confused about pricing and quality.
       | 
       | And overcharging in shops seems to have become commonplace in
       | UK/Ireland
        
       | latchkey wrote:
       | I have 6 digits worth of these chips. They've been running fine
       | for years in all sorts of weather conditions. Mining does not
       | destroy cards.
       | 
       | The paste goes bad, but is easily replaced (majority of our cards
       | have been running just fine with OEM old paste). We don't have
       | fans on the cards, but if we did those would go bad and easily
       | replaced. But the cards themselves, really don't go bad very
       | often.
       | 
       | If you're thinking about picking some up, don't worry about the
       | mining part, but definitely use that to try to get a discount.
        
         | simias wrote:
         | Yeah I don't really understand this worry about buying cards
         | used for mining. If you're worried about wear I'd still rather
         | take a miner's card than one that was used by a heavy gamer and
         | routinely pushed to the limit.
         | 
         | I feel like people dislike cryptominers (IMO reasonably, and
         | for all sorts of reasons) and want to punish them all the way
         | by preventing them from liquidating their stocks of cards, but
         | I don't think it's a good reason to make stuff up.
         | 
         | I wouldn't buy a card that I know was used for mining because
         | I'm effectively boycotting miners, not because of some made up
         | technical excuse.
        
           | Melatonic wrote:
           | Last crypto crash years ago I bought a used Titan XP for an
           | insane price after the miners started having to dump them
           | super cheap. Still running it today and it has chewed through
           | even the craziest games. They probably bought it for way more
           | so I don't think it is really effective to "boycott" them by
           | not buying the card if you are the one getting a super good
           | deal.
        
           | hot_gril wrote:
           | I'd not be worried about wear but about whatever meddling was
           | done with the firmware (edit: or hardware). Maybe an
           | experienced miner knows how to easily return it back to
           | stock, but who knows who you're dealing with. Someone else
           | can take the chance.
           | 
           | Also, PC gamers are the last group I would expect to
           | successfully boycott something. They'll install some spyware-
           | ridden game launcher just to get a $5 discount on a game,
           | while complaining about it. What discount will they resist
           | for a mined-on GPU? $50? Assuming they even know it was mined
           | on.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | Easy to reset the firmware (vbios) to stock.
        
               | ok123456 wrote:
               | Hardware fuses.
        
           | SilverBirch wrote:
           | The only problem I have with miners is that I don't
           | understand the economics. My understanding is that air
           | conditioning in data centres is a non-trivial cost. So the
           | question is pretty much a balance of: Is air conditioning so
           | expensive that it's cheaper for miners to blast these cards
           | at high temperatures and accept a failure rate, or is the
           | maths behind (cost * mean time between failures) so high that
           | the miners are actually selling off good used equipment.
           | 
           | You could tell me that either of those things dominate, I
           | don't know. But I would want to have atleast an idea of this
           | before I bought a used miners GPU.
           | 
           | Having said that, I wouldn't buy a gamer's old GPU.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | The economics are simple: capex + opex. As long as you have
             | an idea of ROI and can lower the cap+op as much as
             | possible, you're making money. Otherwise, you're buying the
             | coin directly.
             | 
             | You can't run the cards at high temps or they crash. They
             | also have built in thermal protection where they shut down
             | at about 85c (depends on the settings).
             | 
             | Miners also undervolt/underclock the cards. Lower power is
             | better for opex in the equation above. =) This means they
             | aren't run as hard as you might think. ethash as an algo is
             | also memory hard, so the GPU portion isn't 100% at all.
             | That's why older cards are still in use and more ROI
             | efficient.
        
         | npteljes wrote:
         | My logic would be that these cards are for consumer usage, and
         | mining means 24/7 100% load. So, a year mining would be like 5
         | years of gaming, and even then you gamed 5 hours a day, every
         | single day! So, mining might not destroy cards, but it's heavy
         | use.
         | 
         | I think the used goods buyers' attitude is similar to those in
         | the car market. Never mind the miles, if a car had heavy users,
         | like a pizza company's delivery vehicle, it looks different in
         | the market than a garage-stored family car used to visit the
         | relatives.
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | undervolted use because not every processing component needs
           | to be used
           | 
           | very different than a car
           | 
           | but valid questions to ask to whoever you are buying from
           | used
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | There is no such thing as 100% load in ETH GPU mining. The
           | bottleneck is the memory controller, not the GPU itself.
           | That's why 5+ year old cards are still more ROI efficient
           | than the latest greatest cards. The only way to speed things
           | up is to speed up the memory.
           | 
           | Other algos take advantage of more of the GPU side of things
           | as well. ProgPoW, if it had passed, would have done that.
           | From what I understand, RVN also does as well... and uses
           | more power too.
        
           | Gordonjcp wrote:
           | The garage-stored car will be a bag of shite, though. You'd
           | be far better going for the delivery vehicle.
        
           | hansvm wrote:
           | Counterpoint, heavy use mostly doesn't apply to solid-state
           | devices (much how the expected lifespan of an incandescent
           | bulb is independent of its previous usage), and to the extent
           | it would matter the effect is probably dwarfed by not being
           | stuck in a gaming PC full of dust and experiencing constant
           | thermal shock as the games ramp up and down.
           | 
           | To the pizza car analogy, when I was in that game I put a
           | hard 60k miles/yr on such vehicles, but I also regularly
           | change the oil, keep great tires and brakes on them, replace
           | bushings and other suspension components at the first sign of
           | issue, etc... Partly because driving that many miles makes
           | issues easy to spot due to familiarity and temporal coherence
           | and partly because it is cheaper to fix many such things
           | sooner rather than later after they've jostled something else
           | out of place. Nobody ever asked if it was a pizza car. I
           | listed it as well maintained and got top dollar each time
           | because it was and their inspections showed that to be true.
        
             | falcolas wrote:
             | > heavy use mostly doesn't apply to solid-state devices
             | 
             | Sorry, but this is pretty much incorrect. Copper migrates,
             | even in solid state devices, and those copper migrations
             | cause breaks and shorts, which cause errors and failures.
             | The smaller the scale, the faster this happens. There is
             | absolutely a MTBF even for solid-state devices.
             | 
             | This entire slide deck is worth the perusal, if only for
             | the "whoah, that actually happens?!" moments. But here's a
             | relevant slide for this claim:
             | 
             | https://c3.ndc.nasa.gov/dashlink/static/media/other/Observe
             | d...
             | 
             | The money quote: "Commercial semiconductor road maps show
             | component reliability timescales are being reduced to 5-7
             | years." (with attribution)
             | 
             | Another fascinating slide is this one, which shows how an
             | IC can start to have a timing issue after being in service
             | for a time.
             | 
             | https://c3.ndc.nasa.gov/dashlink/static/media/other/Observe
             | d...
        
               | uhhyeahdude wrote:
               | Thanks for that slide deck! Many treasures to be found
               | within.
        
               | falcolas wrote:
               | Any time I share it, I go through it again. It's so dang
               | fun.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | We've definitely seen 'memory go bad'. But, our failure
               | rate is in the single digits, across a huge sample set
               | across multiple years and in relatively extreme
               | conditions (4 seasons, outdoors).
               | 
               | If you're buying something for like half of retail and
               | rolling the dice on it, I think it is a fair bet. Even if
               | you only get 1-2 more years out of a card that has been
               | used before (for any purpose), then you've done well.
        
               | d_tr wrote:
               | Half of retail (which is still high) for a mining card
               | with expired warranty? No thanks.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Ok, $10, but you have to pay for shipping and min order
               | is 10k. ;-)
               | 
               | For clarity, because @derac is confused below... this is
               | a joke. Hence the winky face.
        
               | derac wrote:
               | Your incentive is to propagandize this point. you have
               | 100k+ cards to sell on the market, by your own admission.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | It is amazing how crazy HN can get. I'm not
               | propagandizing anything.
               | 
               | If we sell them for pennies on the dollar or e-waste
               | them, doesn't matter to me.
               | 
               | We ROI'd these cards already.
        
               | derac wrote:
               | Whoa crazy to point out someone's conflict of interest.
               | CrAzY
               | 
               | You are sitting on 10m+ of stock and you don't care about
               | the money. OK bud guess I must be schizophrenic, damn.
               | 
               | You are literally trying to sell your cards to a sister
               | comment...
               | 
               | "Ok, $10, but you have to pay for shipping and min order
               | is 10k. ;-)"
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | There is no conflict of interest, I'm not trying to sell
               | cards here on HN.
               | 
               | You are literally making stuff up now. The 10m+ of stock
               | is worthless if nobody would buy it. If anything, it'll
               | cost us to e-waste it. So, the price ceiling, if we were
               | to sell it, is simply the cost e-waste and moving it
               | around.
               | 
               | That was a winky face... a joke. I was kidding because
               | the OP was unhappy with the statement of half price,
               | which I also made up as a random baseline.
        
               | derac wrote:
               | The goal is changing the public discourse. Thus the word
               | propaganda. You wouldn't be propagandizing this point of
               | view if you didn't think you would change people's minds.
               | You are fully aware that this forum has an outsized
               | influence on the tech/programming community.
               | 
               | Edit: to me it's clear that you are acting in bad faith
               | since you called me crazy for pointing out an obvious
               | conflict of interest.
        
               | seattle_spring wrote:
               | "Assume good intent." This comment, as with all of your
               | other ones in this chain, blatantly violate HN
               | guidelines. Accusing people of "shilling" or "spreading
               | propaganda" only makes this forum worse.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | 1. I didn't call you crazy, I said "it is amazing how
               | crazy HN can get."
               | 
               | 2. Tell me exactly how would it benefit me to change
               | public discourse around the long term reliability of
               | GPUs? The most I can think of is that it might drive up
               | the prices of used cards a tiny bit in a very saturated
               | market, but I doubt it. Especially since I'm just one
               | data point and I'm only posting here on HN. Plus, as I
               | said, I don't care what our cards sell for. Our baseline
               | cost at this point, is to offset any price of e-waste and
               | shipping.
               | 
               | 3. I shared my findings about long term reliability
               | because this is a tech community and I thought they'd be
               | interested in it! OMG, I'm such a horrible person for
               | thinking this way! That is sarcasm.
               | 
               | 4. Allowing people to realize that mined on GPUs are
               | actually ok (not all, but generally better than common
               | thought) might mean that a few more find useful homes and
               | not end up as e-waste. That's a good thing! I even
               | suggested that people use it as a way to negotiate the
               | price down!
        
               | derac wrote:
               | Fwiw, I don't think you're a bad person. I think you have
               | a conflict of interest and they way you are responding to
               | criticism is weird. You also handwaved the copper
               | migration issue. Meh. Carry on. Personally, I took that
               | as you calling me crazy. If that wasn't your intention,
               | fair enough.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Your criticism is to say that I'm spreading propaganda,
               | which is untrue and it is fair for me to respond to that.
               | 
               | Now you're at it again with the criticism. I'm not
               | handwaving anything. I'm stating what I saw after having
               | the fairly rare experience of running 100k+ GPUs over
               | multiple years in harsh environments.
               | 
               | Let's turn that around, do you have any experience with
               | this at all? Or do you just criticize people?
               | 
               | It also doesn't benefit me in any way to share
               | information like this. I'm only sharing this information
               | now because we're pretty much done with this phase of the
               | business, so I can talk about things a bit more openly,
               | and it seems relevant to share on a thread about RX
               | cards.
        
               | derac wrote:
               | I didn't say it was not ok to respond. Calling people
               | crazy is the weird part.
               | 
               | You did handwave that, we can agree to disagree.
               | 
               | I didn't even say you are or aren't doing anything
               | nefarious. I pointed out a conflict of interest
               | (incentive to propagandize) and you responded by calling
               | me crazy. Now you are saying "All I do is criticize".
               | Boohoo to you sir.
        
               | seattle_spring wrote:
               | Dude it's nuts how often people sling the "shill" insult
               | on HN. One of the laziest insults by far, and I'd guess
               | incorrect very near 100% of the time.
        
             | vineyardmike wrote:
             | Counter counter point, chips break down over time even
             | though they're solid state. The flow of electricity through
             | a chip will slowly degrade the metal traces inside it. At
             | the nanometer scale, it doesn't take much to ruin a logic
             | gate. This is called _electromigration_.
             | 
             | You can care for that car (or chip) all you want, but chips
             | aren't cars. It's a slow process, and may not happen on the
             | timescale of mining, but it happens.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_aging
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-
             | dependent_gate_oxide_brea...
        
             | AceJohnny2 wrote:
             | > _heavy use mostly doesn 't apply to solid-state devices_
             | 
             | It kinda does. The effects are small, but increase as the
             | fab node gets smaller.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromigration
        
             | ithinkso wrote:
             | > (much how the expected lifespan of an incandescent bulb
             | is independent of its previous usage)
             | 
             | Either I'm reading this sentence incorrectly or there is
             | something else I don't understand. How can that statement
             | be true?
        
               | rowanG077 wrote:
               | It's possible if you have a completely flat failure rate.
               | For every time unit spend it has x% failure rate. An
               | example is a piece of rock on the side of the road.
               | Everyday it has a small chance to be smashed by a car.
               | But that chance doesn't increase or decrease over time.
               | Unless external factors change
               | 
               | Whether it's true for light bulbs I don't know.
        
               | HenriTEL wrote:
               | I guess the bulb does not degrade over time, it just
               | break at some point when some random events occur.
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | I don't think that's true, the filament evaporates
               | (sublimes?, sublimates?) from the heat and eventually it
               | is too thin to support itself and breaks. That's how I
               | always understood the main failure mode of incadescent
               | bulbs and that's why the above statement confuses me
        
           | garaetjjte wrote:
           | On the other hand 24/7 usage means no thermal cycling,
           | probably eliminating failures caused by solder joint
           | cracking.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | The machines reboot a lot for auto tuning. Plenty of
             | thermal cycling that happens in all temperatures. Still
             | didn't see any issues.
             | 
             | PSU's, on the other hand, are mostly hand soldered in China
             | and have all sorts of issues.
        
               | Scramblejams wrote:
               | Who/what do you like for PSUs for operating in that harsh
               | environment?
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | We've run a ton of different PSU's. Everything from super
               | cheap no-name chinese stuff to refurb/tested high end HP
               | server class. None of them are super reliable.
        
           | PartiallyTyped wrote:
           | I trust mining GPUs a lot more than gamer owned GPUs tbh.
           | Better ventilation, severe undervolting, not even maxing the
           | gpu itself and the fans are not actually spinning that fast.
        
         | bravetraveler wrote:
         | One thing I find kind of interesting about this -- the folks
         | dumping cards on the market had farms. Those running mining
         | farms are playing a numbers game
         | 
         | This involves under-clocking _and_ under-volting the cards,
         | while also ensuring they 're cooled well.
         | 
         | I think an argument could be made that mined-on cards are more
         | well cared for than those owned by your average gamer.
         | 
         | There's not some 'destroy the ASIC' instruction. Work is work.
         | 
         | Mined on cards undergo fewer duty _cycles_ , I wonder how the
         | calculus works out between one long mild duty cycle compared to
         | many more that are also more extreme.
        
           | NikolaNovak wrote:
           | >>I think an argument could be made that mined-on cards are
           | more well cared for than those owned by your average gamer.
           | 
           | What strikes me though is people are rarely discussing
           | mileage, only nature of work.
           | 
           | The video card in my gaming computer works, on average, maybe
           | 1hr/week (some weeks more, most weeks 0). So right out of the
           | gate, my video card has been working basically 168 _times_
           | less long than any mining card running 24x7. We are talking
           | more than two orders of magnitude difference in  "mileage",
           | before we discuss how well or poorly it has been taken care
           | of.
        
             | LoveMortuus wrote:
             | Most of the "damage" that happens to a GPU is due to
             | thermal expansion, which happens at to a more extreme
             | degree if you're cold booting a game and then from a hot
             | gaming state back down to cold. Where are with mining it's
             | usually running constantly at a more or less stable
             | temperature, thus it experiences much less of stress from
             | the thermal expansion side of things.
        
             | belval wrote:
             | My understanding is that it's similar to a car, changing
             | state (starting/stopping) is much more damaging that
             | running the same thing, at the same temperature/voltage for
             | extended period of time.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | I've rebooted GPUs hundreds of times to find the optimal
               | tuning parameters. Failures after a reboot were very few
               | and long term over the entire collection of GPUs, we've
               | seen very few failures. Definitely within operating
               | parameters.
        
           | Obi_Juan_Kenobi wrote:
           | They usually undervolt/clock the GPU, but not the memory.
           | VRAM temps can be an issue and only some miners will try to
           | address that properly with copper shims, etc.
           | 
           | The 3090 is notoriously bad for mining because it has memory
           | chips on both sides of the board, leading to more heating in
           | one spot and poor cooling for the 'back side' chip. Other
           | cards tolerate it much better, but it can be an issue.
           | 
           | So while overall mining cards should be good, there are some
           | specific issues to watch out for. A failed memory chip is not
           | an easy fix, requiring a reball/replacement of that chip.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | 100% accurate. ethash is memory bound. I've definitely seen
             | 'memory go bad'... but at our scale, the percentage failure
             | rate on that is in the single low digits. Additionally, we
             | have cards that run just fine for years on end.
             | 
             | Maybe, as you suggest, it is just something that is more
             | card specific.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | Most large farms don't have the ability to properly tune
           | cards for best ROI. At scale, it is too hard because each
           | card is a snowflake in terms of performance. In order to
           | tune, you're basically pushing the card to the limits of
           | underclock/undervolt... which means the card crashes.
           | Therefore, most large farms actually undertuned, for
           | stability, which is the least abusive on the cards.
           | 
           | If the card crashes due to tuning, the machine crashes, and
           | the rest of the cards are taken offline until the machine
           | reboots. In order to change settings, you have to reboot the
           | entire machine too. It is a pain in the ass to find optimal
           | tuning at scale.
           | 
           | There is no publicly available software to 'autotune' cards
           | at scale. It took me a long time to first learn how to tune
           | cards (by hand tuning thousands of cards and getting a
           | feeling for things) and then once I figured that out, I built
           | software to do this. It required changes in the AMD driver to
           | get it to output in the kernel messages, which card was
           | crashing. It required updating the mining software itself. It
           | was a nutty insane project, but it worked well. We hit our
           | target hashrate / power usage.
        
             | Melatonic wrote:
             | You should really pivot and start selling that software.
             | Package it up with a nice pretty bow and wrapper and it
             | could be a very lucrative product.
        
             | hailwren wrote:
             | What are you doing now? Did you shut the project down
             | entirely?
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Some is shut down, some is mining other coins. Kind of a
               | wait and see time right now.
        
               | Ruphin wrote:
               | With Ethereum no longer in the game the total USD
               | issuance for GPU mining probably dropped over 80%. Is
               | your strategy to just wait out for miners to capitulate
               | until mining is profitable again? Are you not worried
               | that this will crater the value of your hardware?
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | We bootstrapped the company on mining, knowing full well
               | that it would eventually end, and our business model goes
               | beyond just mining ETH.
               | 
               | That was another reason to go with the RX4/5 series...
               | fastest route to ROI.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | The planet thanks you for shutting down. Don't worry, I'd
               | say the same for any tobacco executive.
        
               | superjan wrote:
               | I don't particularly like crypto but I don't think we
               | need to rehash the same debate again. Isn't it
               | interesting to hear what this guy is going to do? Passing
               | judgement does not improve the conversation.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Our power is unused hydro, in a geographic location full
               | of other data centers for all the large tech companies.
               | 
               | This comment is just your continued trolling with your
               | anti-crypto trope. Please try another tactic.
               | 
               | Update: I got downvoted to -4 on this one after getting
               | several upvotes. Makes me think that articbull has
               | multiple accounts and is just gaming the system.
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > downvoted
               | 
               | You are very likely mistaking normal HN herd behaviour -
               | plenty of people are going to think bullshit to "unused
               | hydro".
               | 
               | Also "Please don't comment about the voting on comments.
               | It never does any good, and it makes boring reading." and
               | "Please don't post insinuations about astroturfing,
               | shilling, bots, brigading, foreign agents and the like.
               | It degrades discussion and is usually mistaken. If you're
               | worried about abuse, email hn@ycombinator.com and we'll
               | look at the data." -
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
               | 
               | If you assume that HN is full of good people, and respond
               | accordingly, you will learn more and have more fun. If
               | you assume HN is full of bad people causing trouble, why
               | would you stick around? Good communities are built upon
               | trusting cooperators and learning the valid signals of
               | trust.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Right after that update, I went from -4 to +2.
               | 
               | > plenty of people are going to think bullshit to "unused
               | hydro".
               | 
               | Maybe... but the way I went up and then suddenly went
               | down to -4, was super odd.
               | 
               | > If you assume that HN is full of good people, and
               | respond accordingly, you will learn more and have more
               | fun..
               | 
               | I've been around here, with an account, since 2009. It is
               | the only community I participate in any more. I believe
               | that HN is full of great people and that the content is
               | about as good as you're going to get these days. This is
               | why accounts such as articbull are becoming boring to me.
               | All it is is anti-crypto hatred that is often not fully
               | factual. Equating me to a tobacco exec is just icing on
               | the cake. Sorry for calling that out.
        
               | schoen wrote:
               | According to the HN moderators, if you suspect someone is
               | manipulating votes in some way, you're supposed to e-mail
               | the moderators to have them look at it rather than making
               | an accusation in your post.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | Sure. Apologies for calling that out in my update. That
               | said, I don't feel it is worth @dang's time to waste on
               | validating if someone with 24k karma is using fake
               | accounts. As soon as I posted that update, the karma on
               | the comment reversed.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | There's no such thing. That power should be connected to
               | the grid instead of wasted or put to productive use, not
               | to mention all those GPUs that are about to head for the
               | landfill after a long life of guessing random numbers and
               | warming up the outside. Wasting the power for money
               | disincentivizes storage and grid connection.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | You are hilarious, your crypto hatred has clouded your
               | judgement. Since you have so much karma here, you don't
               | mind saying silly things and losing points left and
               | right.
               | 
               | Transmission of power is expensive and lossy. These data
               | centers are in a very remote location that isn't heavily
               | populated. That's why they are there to begin with! The
               | power would absolutely go to waste otherwise. That's also
               | why we picked that area... power was cheap because it
               | wasn't being used.
               | 
               | Our GPUs are 'new old stock'. They were already produced,
               | sitting in warehouses not doing anything, and would have
               | gone to waste anyway.
               | 
               | Update: Similar with the downvotes...
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > You are hilarious, your crypto hatred has clouded your
               | judgement. Since you have so much karma here, you don't
               | mind saying silly things and losing points left and
               | right.
               | 
               | First question, where do you think I got most of the
               | karma? Sentiment here is broadly against crypto and has
               | been for years (although it comes and goes). The pro side
               | is loud, but enjoys far less support than you might
               | imagine.
               | 
               | > Transmission of power is expensive and lossy.
               | 
               | No, it isn't. Transmission of power is super efficient.
               | The EIA says the US lost only 5% of its electricity to
               | T&D over the 2016-2020 period. [1] Expensive it may be,
               | but that's not a reason not to do it. A single long power
               | line from Boston to LA would only see ~25% loss from one
               | end to the other. The whole Ohm's law thing (P=IV), we
               | use transformers that are 99%+ efficient to raise the
               | voltage to ~345kV and big fat wires to reduce current and
               | resistance and hence transmission line losses.
               | 
               | > That's also why we picked that area... power was cheap
               | because it wasn't being used.
               | 
               | It should be used to do something productive, not
               | generate e-waste.
               | 
               | > Our GPUs are 'new old stock'. They were already
               | produced, sitting in warehouses not doing anything, and
               | would have gone to waste anyway.
               | 
               | Or, prices would have gone down and more people would
               | have bought them. I can't see 3060s getting scrapped due
               | to lack of demand when they were going for $850 a pop.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=105&t=3
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | > Sentiment here is broadly against crypto and has been
               | for years.
               | 
               | Agreed. However, I'd hope that 'against crypto' was less
               | of one dude ranting endlessly, which is really boring and
               | should get down voted.
               | 
               | > Transmission of power is super efficient.
               | 
               | We're not talking about efficiency. Transmission is
               | expensive. Which goes beyond efficiency. You have to
               | factor in the cost of the lines themselves, which are
               | based on distance. I've seen these costs first hand, have
               | you?
               | 
               | > It should be used to do something productive, not
               | generate e-waste.
               | 
               | Oh yes, please define productive for me.
               | 
               | > Or, prices would have gone down and more people would
               | have bought them.
               | 
               | They weren't for sale to the public. Nor would they ever
               | have been.
               | 
               | > I can't see 3060s getting scrapped due to lack of
               | demand when they were going for $850 a pop.
               | 
               | Huh? This whole thread is about RX4xx, which is what my
               | cards are.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | dumbfounder wrote:
               | It's the storage that's the problem, not the
               | transmission. Have talked with several in this business,
               | their take is that it allows plants to have extra
               | capacity to expand to meet peak needs, instead of
               | flirting with disaster. Most plants are hard to spin up
               | and down, so having an alternative way to monetize the
               | energy creation is super important.
        
               | Kerbonut wrote:
               | Considering the current state of PoW mining, it doesn't
               | seem to me like there is much advantage to holding
               | secrets on auto tuning and diagnostics... (correct me if
               | I'm wrong), would you consider releasing any of that work
               | to the community? Auto tuning and diagnostic information
               | would be incredibly useful for almost everyone.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | My knowledge is very specific to just these cards.
               | 
               | The only 'secret', which isn't a secret, was that I
               | realized that since this is hardware, we know the maximum
               | settings (hash/watt) that should be possible. Therefore,
               | I set the cards to that best setting and then tune _down_
               | from there. This is the opposite train of thinking than
               | most other miners.
               | 
               | Most people think, let's start low and then tune up from
               | there to make them 'faster'. The cards crash when they
               | can't handle the settings, so it turns out that tuning
               | down is a better way to tune since they stop crashing
               | when they are stable... and thus don't need tuning from
               | there. There are 3 different sets of 'knobs' to tweak, so
               | I had to build an algo to adjust the knobs in the right
               | order to tune things down. I just had the concept of
               | 'current -> next settings'.
               | 
               | Temperature and power fluctuations can make the cards
               | crash too... so by always tuning down, you're always
               | heading towards more stability instead of instability.
               | Since neither of those could be controlled, machines
               | would reboot randomly all the time.
               | 
               | The software I built was a golang daemon that ran on each
               | machine and watched for these crashes and modified the
               | tuning of each card individually. The daemon is pretty
               | cool as it is effectively a task runner. I had different
               | tasks to configure and monitor the machines as well. The
               | machines are all independent, idempotent and self-healing
               | workers. Reliably distributing the software to 20k
               | different workers, is a fun challenge. There are a ton of
               | unit tests, so that helped a lot.
               | 
               | If I have the energy, I may rip out the tasks from the
               | daemon, turn it into a library and open source that. It
               | is kind of a fun project that could be useful for others
               | trying to manage large scale individual workers. Tasks
               | could easily be 'apt install' or monitoring utilities. I
               | even bundled node_exporter into the binary, so that we
               | could monitor the machines with prometheus.
        
           | captainbland wrote:
           | Yeah if I had to guess, the main concern with very long
           | periods of load is going to involve moving parts rather than
           | anything else. So pretty much the fan is likely to go but not
           | much else.
        
         | sfmike wrote:
         | what are you mining these days?
        
         | mindw0rk wrote:
         | It's not just the thermal paste that goes. There are more parts
         | that are affected by the constant heat. Capacitors in the first
         | place
        
           | thfuran wrote:
           | Yeah, electrolytic capacitors derate due to time under load,
           | exponentialy accelerated by temperature increases.
        
         | Waterluvian wrote:
         | FWIW: "the paste can be replaced easily" is 100% true for like
         | 1% of GPU consumers. As long as you replace the paste before
         | resale, it's great. Otherwise the buyer might perceive that
         | they have a card that's dead or slowed way down because "mining
         | destroyed it."
        
           | hot_gril wrote:
           | The seller can replace the thermal paste first if it's so
           | easy. It's in their interest to fetch higher prices. Not my
           | job.
           | 
           | I was just thinking today about many years ago when I test
           | drove a used car and heard whistling from the roof.
           | Saleswoman said it was easy to fix. It must've happened
           | during every test drive and possibly dissuaded some buyers,
           | so why hadn't the dealer already fixed it? I bought the car,
           | and guess what, the whistling wasn't fixable.
        
         | nathanvanfleet wrote:
         | Just wondering if, for a second, you considered that repasting
         | or replacing fans is a large effort for normal folks who just
         | want a video card?
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | This sounds like the perfect opportunity to buy a retail off
           | the shelf card with a warranty!
           | 
           | What kind of question is that.
        
           | derefr wrote:
           | Presumably they bought these cards, took the fans off them,
           | hooked up a custom water-cooling setup, etc.; and when
           | selling them, are taking the pile of fans they shucked and
           | putting them back on the cards with fresh paste.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | We bought the cards directly from an OEM, with heatsinks on
             | them instead of fans.
             | 
             | We use a case based cooling system. ie: an enclosed box
             | with fans. 12 cards in a box. This is lower power, fewer
             | fans (5 instead of 12), and better cooling than putting
             | fans on each card. Also easier to replace a fan on a case
             | than a card.
             | 
             | At my scale, water cooling doesn't work and isn't cost
             | efficient. Air is a surprisingly great cooling system.
        
               | Melatonic wrote:
               | What does the actual heatsink look like one the card?
               | Wondering if I can do this on my home system assuming I
               | have good airflow on my case
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | It looks just like a heatsink. Big aluminum bladed block.
               | 
               | It might work, I don't know... airflow on the box itself
               | wasn't enough, but there were 12 cards in the box, we
               | also had to have external airflow as well. A single card
               | probably wouldn't be too much of an issue though.
               | 
               | That said, we aren't parting out single cards... it would
               | be more like if you wanted to buy 5-10k of them. ;-)
        
         | hot_gril wrote:
         | I believe you out of sheer respect for your auto card tuning
         | project, but in general someone with $1M of a product to sell
         | has a conflict of interest with giving good advice about its
         | quality.
        
           | chungy wrote:
           | Conflict of interest doesn't mean wrong, but is an indicator
           | that one should take the claim dubiously until it can be
           | backed up.
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | I have a lot more than $1m (new) of these cards. 6 digits of
           | CARDS, not value.
           | 
           | We have zero cards for sale right now. Nobody wants them
           | because they are heat sinks and not fans.
        
         | lampshades wrote:
         | Not the same card but five years ago I bought a refurbished GTX
         | 1080 Ti that was previously used for mining. Still running
         | smoothly to this day, no issues whatsoever.
        
           | hydroev wrote:
        
           | PartiallyTyped wrote:
           | Same but around 3 years ago. Likely the best purchase I have
           | made.
        
       | bearjaws wrote:
       | I got a 1080ti SC2 hybrid (water cooled) for $500 in 2019. Great
       | purchase, has carried me all the way till now.
       | 
       | Honestly haven't really started a new game that pushed it too
       | hard until I upgraded to 144hz.
        
         | erikpukinskis wrote:
         | I've been shocked by how long the 1080 has remained a top
         | performing chip, and watched the price _increase_ year after
         | year.
         | 
         | Strange times indeed.
        
           | LegitShady wrote:
           | it hasn't been a top performing chip since the 20x0 series
           | came out. It's just been ok for 1080p.
        
           | Melatonic wrote:
           | I bought a Titan XP for even less after the 2018 crash (350$)
           | which is basically a faster 1080 ti with a lot more RAM.
           | Still running it to this day and it destroys pretty much
           | everything I throw at it. Watching it go up and up in price
           | during the last few years has been hilarious considering I
           | have been using the thing since 2018 and bought it used to
           | begin with.
        
       | alchemist1e9 wrote:
       | I keep reading there will be all these cheap GPUs available,
       | which is great, but I then ask where I can buy them but all I get
       | is ebay, and then when I check ebay, they still aren't cheap.
       | Where will all these miners be selling them? So I can buy a few.
        
         | kyriakos wrote:
         | I can't seem to find a 3080 under 750 euro in EU (used or new).
         | Actually ebay.de prices seem to be still higher than store
         | prices.
        
         | derac wrote:
         | /r/buildapcsales /r/hardwareswap
        
         | Obi_Juan_Kenobi wrote:
         | It's just starting to kick in.
         | 
         | Most miners stuck it out to the bitter end. Hashrate was only
         | down around 20% from the peak at the switch to PoS. Then it
         | takes a few days to take apart the rigs and get them ready for
         | listing. And that's only for the ones that aren't trying to
         | mine something else, or simply are in denial.
         | 
         | But the main counterpoint to the GPU supply increase is the
         | pent up demand from two years of usurious GPU pricing. A lot of
         | people are ready to finally upgrade as soon as prices are
         | reasonable.
         | 
         | Expect the market to soften - and it is, 3060ti prices are down
         | like $40 over a couple days on eBay - but I also wouldn't
         | expect bargain prices.
        
         | timtom39 wrote:
         | Prices are falling quickly. 3090 was ~$900 on ebay last week.
         | You can now pick one up for $600. Look at the auctions buy it
         | now prices take longer to drop.
        
           | sorenjan wrote:
           | Has people been mining with 3090? I thought you didn't need
           | that much vram for mining and that other cards would be much
           | more cost effective.
        
             | uni_rule wrote:
             | The top end cards were just regular scalping in a similar
             | vein to the ps5, opportunists. The mining was just icing on
             | the cake.
        
               | capableweb wrote:
               | > The mining was just icing on the cake.
               | 
               | No, 3090 didn't make sense to use for mining. Too low
               | profit compared to what you had to pay for it. There is
               | better cards to get for mining, even if they have worse
               | performance. Performance per $ makes the rules.
        
           | sgerenser wrote:
           | Prices are definitely dropping, but $600 seems like a
           | stretch. I searched for "rtx 3090", checked "used" only, sold
           | items, only auctions. Last 5 sold were $715, $812, $840,
           | $760, $870 (I skipped a few outliers that were actually 3090
           | Ti).
        
           | Jackson__ wrote:
           | Auction prices also have a strange habit of increasing over
           | time.
           | 
           | (A quick ebay search shows that 98+% of sold auctions for
           | 3090s did so at a price of >700$.[1])
           | 
           | [1] https://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_nkw=3090&_saca
           | t=0...
        
             | nightski wrote:
             | Best Buy had them sub $1000. Still close too [1].
             | 
             | [1] https://www.bestbuy.com/site/nvidia-geforce-
             | rtx-3090-ti-tita...
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | eBay, craigslist, facebook marketplace, hardware enthusiast
         | forums, etc.
         | 
         | But it's going to take them time to get them prepped for sale,
         | so they're not going to show up all at once.
        
           | eesmith wrote:
           | (In case you hadn't seen it, I found more about Italian POW
           | parolees at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32890349 .
           | Apologies all for threadjacking.)
        
         | meltedcapacitor wrote:
         | A lot of miners are probably still in the denial phase thinking
         | they'll mine a PoW fork of ETH or the remaining GPU-friendly
         | proof-of-work coins like ETC or monero.
         | 
         | It's easy to fall for it: if they look at what their mining
         | power will make if applied to the pre-merge difficulty and
         | rewards, it probably does look okay. Of course, in reality all
         | the ex-ETH miners doing this will make difficulty go through
         | the roof facing a constant reward, taking them below water.
         | 
         | Some who understand the above may think that price of other PoW
         | coins will increase matching increased work ("there's more
         | work, work is value, more work higher price, right?").
         | 
         | Then at some point all this will unfold, taking PoW coin prices
         | down, which will increase coin sales to pay shortfall on
         | electricity bills, which feeds itself, so once all this is done
         | one can expect both very cheap GPUs and cheap ETC. LOL.
         | 
         | Then we'll probably get a bit of bungee jumping on the share
         | prices of AMD, Nvidia, etc as the stock market participant
         | interpret the associated blip in new GPU sales as "the end of
         | gaming" etc.
        
           | bee_rider wrote:
           | I wonder if it would make sense for a GPU miner to switch
           | over to becoming a stable diffusion render farm or something.
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | Monero isn't gpu friendly.
        
       | Zenst wrote:
       | >With the inclusion of a new competitor, Intel, this means this
       | time there will be 4 players offering GPUs to the market: AMD,
       | Nvidia, miners and Intel.
       | 
       | Poor Intel, they paper launched at the right time, but actually
       | (possibly) launching right as that market is going to crash, even
       | with competitive pricing they are going to be up against what
       | will be a saturated second-hand market.
       | 
       | Then there will be time to stabalise and iron out their drivers
       | that the others had years/decades to do instead of going from
       | scratch.
       | 
       | Do hope Intel rides it out on GPU's as they do seem to be onto
       | something, but the market can be so cruel and times are a
       | changing on many levels that will see a shift from a sellers
       | market to a buyers market due to far less buyers and recessions
       | globally hitting many a wallet.
        
         | hot_gril wrote:
         | And Apple, since they now make their own integrated graphics
         | instead of using Intel for integrated and AMD for dedicated.
        
       | asutekku wrote:
       | Most interesting thing about this post is honestly the site.
       | While right now it seems like 90% of the content is created by
       | the founders (every board has only one user posting) the approach
       | is quite interesting and with some tweaks it could be a great
       | platform for some more information focused hobbies.
        
         | queuebert wrote:
         | It's Pinterest meets Fark.
        
         | xkfm wrote:
         | I noticed this too. I hope it has some legs, would be nice to
         | see another competitor in the space.
        
       | Lucent wrote:
       | Ignoring the upside/downside of buying used mining cards, is
       | anyone else purposefully not buying to punish those who hoarded
       | all the GPUs with an inability to profitably exit a commons-
       | harming hustle so they might think twice before trying it again?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | Sounds like ESG investing. The dynamics are the same. You want
         | to punish The Bad Guys by withholding something from them,
         | either capital or purchasing dollars. However, doing so creates
         | an imbalance in the markets so they end up getting underpriced,
         | which turns into a transfer of wealth from the people with
         | moral convictions to people without.
        
         | Workaccount2 wrote:
         | People think that if there were no scalpers, that they would be
         | able to get a card at MSRP. But that's completely misguided.
         | They wouldn't be able to get a card at all.
         | 
         | Affordable, widely available, obtainable. In a supply
         | constrained market, you can only choose two of those. Scalpers
         | make it so it's widely available and obtainable. But no other
         | option would help everyone get cards at MSRP.
        
         | vachina wrote:
         | Clicked skip cutscene and got a Series X instead.
        
         | danuker wrote:
         | If it is commons-harming, it should be addressed by the commons
         | - through politics.
         | 
         | I should be free to use energy as I wish, just that the cost of
         | externalities should be internalized (i.e. taxes for greenhouse
         | emissions should be baked into the price of electricity, or
         | alternatively the fossil fuel used in the first place).
         | 
         | As such, prices would give us a mechanism to judge the TRUE
         | total cost of, say, leaving a light on versus its productivity
         | benefits.
        
           | uni_rule wrote:
           | They aren't going to regulate shit, 90% of Congress still
           | calls the computer tower the hard drive. They aren't going to
           | regulate dirty fuels either because whether they produce
           | pollution is now a matter of "opinion" tied inherently to
           | partisan brainrot.
        
           | JustLurking2022 wrote:
           | At the moment, you are free to do so, but everyone else is
           | free to think you're a giant pile of cow dung for doing it,
           | and screwing over the planet in the process. Hopefully, the
           | commons will strike bank by cracking down hard on crypto to
           | effectively wipe out any profits and deter future schemes
           | that emerge faster than regulators can stay on top of them.
        
             | Liquix wrote:
             | BTC being portrayed as "bad for the environment" is just as
             | ridiculous as trying to guilt people into buying meat
             | alternatives or electric cars because their way of life is
             | "bad for the environment".
             | 
             | Almost 90% of the world's pollution comes from unregulated
             | factories in China spewing literal tons of waste into the
             | air and water - Nike, Apple, BMW, Adidas, etc factories
             | [0]. If these companies were forced to care about the
             | environment or move manufacturing back into their home
             | countries, the "environmental crisis" would be solved
             | overnight.
             | 
             | But this can't happen because the companies will make less
             | money - so instead they shift the blame onto the consumer:
             | BTC is bad, plastic straws are bad, think about your
             | "carbon footprint" (a term invented by big oil thinktanks
             | to shift blame back onto their customers [1]). Nothing that
             | private citizens do has any impact whatsoever on the
             | environment _when compared to the actions of these
             | corporations_. Only difference is they have billions of
             | dollars to spend convincing you it 's your fault.
             | 
             | [0] https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2018/06/90-of-plastic-
             | polluti...
             | 
             | [1]
             | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/aug/23/big-
             | oi...
        
               | uni_rule wrote:
               | We get that you're playing cookie clicker with real life
               | money / thousands of dollars of computer hardware but you
               | don't need to act like you're doing the world a service
               | with it. It's inherently wasteful because proof of work
               | is inherently wasteful. All it is, is a massive energy
               | sink for the sole (uncharismatic) purpose of gaming a
               | digital currency's value back and forth to USD for
               | profit. At the very least factories actually produce
               | goods. All crypto produces is speculation, its original
               | existence as a "currency" almost completely vestigial to
               | it's current purpose as cynical gambling chip held in
               | reference to actual hard currency. Also the fact that
               | this is even in the same stratosphere as the world's
               | global manufacturing hub is fucking mortifying, how the
               | hell is that justifyable? How is that not inefficient to
               | the point of lunacy? What does that add to society?
        
       | doubled112 wrote:
       | I got a painful reminder of this in the spring.
       | 
       | The RX 570 I had in my build died. I paid around $199 CAD for it.
       | 
       | Retail for an RX 6400 was around double that, and based on
       | benchmarks online, it would have provided worse performance,
       | which is shocking 5 years later.
       | 
       | I sucked up purchasing an RTX 3050 for around $400 since it was
       | at least a performance increase, albeit not very high on the bang
       | for my bucks scale.
        
         | LegitShady wrote:
         | you had to buy a video card during the biggest supply crunch of
         | video cards in some time. It's not surprising.
        
       | ar-nelson wrote:
       | I got one of these cheap RX580s in 2019, and, after not really
       | using it for much, proceeded to use it to mine ETH throughout
       | 2021. I was shocked that such an affordable GPU could mine
       | (somewhat) profitably; I did the math, and it seemed like the
       | card would pay for itself if I mined for a few months.
       | 
       | ...and then I discovered US crypto taxes, which triggered on
       | _every single incremental payout_ from the mining pool I used
       | (NiceHash). Taxes completely wiped out my mining profits. And now
       | after the merge it won 't be profitable to mine ETH again anyway.
       | :/
       | 
       | I'm now trying to get the card to run Stable Diffusion, and I'm
       | having a terrible time with that too, since it's _just_ old
       | enough to not support the latest Linux ROCm driver.
        
         | bzxcvbn wrote:
         | > which triggered on every single incremental payout from the
         | mining pool I used
         | 
         | I can't really see how small taxes spread out over small pay-
         | outs would be different from a large tax over the total. It's
         | your marginal tax rate anyway.
        
         | usednet wrote:
         | I'm not a tax avoidance advocate but you really reported your
         | few hundred in mining profits? In similar situations I'd wage
         | 99% of miners don't report and have never had problems.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | Yeah, this is another reason why so many people are
           | suspicious of the push for "cash like" systems - like cash,
           | they enable tax evasion. Which is one of those things we can
           | each let slide for a bit on small amounts, but when it starts
           | distorting the rest of the market we're not going to put up
           | with.
        
           | themitigating wrote:
           | You're reasoning for violating the law is that the
           | probability if getting caught is low?
        
             | 300bps wrote:
             | Pretty much everyone uses this mentality with some law.
             | 
             | Ever go 46 MPH in a 45 MPH zone?
        
               | nightski wrote:
               | Tax evasion and speeding are not in the same category of
               | crime, not even close. One is generally an infraction
               | (not even a misdemeanor) and the other is a felony.
        
               | collegeburner wrote:
               | fr speeding can cause injury to others especially when
               | done more than a bit, unless you're a highly trained
               | driver or smth. tax evasion causes no physical harm to
               | anyone.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | unethical_ban wrote:
               | Evading a few bucks from running numbers on your graphics
               | card is not laundering money to fund trafficking or
               | depriving schools of books.
        
               | Dylan16807 wrote:
               | If it's a rounding error, then they're both negligible
               | crimes.
        
           | ar-nelson wrote:
           | Worth noting: I also reported a few thousand in trading
           | profits, which were part of the same forms. So I couldn't
           | just ignore crypto entirely on my taxes, and I used TaxBit to
           | autogenerate the forms; it required everything in my
           | transaction history to be accounted for, including all of the
           | mining transactions.
        
         | yojo wrote:
         | Same story, bought an RX580 to build a budget gaming box, ended
         | up mining with it to pay for the rig. Electricity in Oregon is
         | pretty cheap, and I optimized well (30Mh/s), but my margins
         | were healthy.
         | 
         | I switched to another pool that paid out less often after
         | realizing the accounting nightmare that nicehash makes. I did
         | make a cost basis tracker, not sure if the APIs still work tho:
         | https://github.com/igmcdowell/nicehash-basis-tracker
         | 
         | As others said, you should pay taxes on the initial value of
         | coins on receipt, but when you convert to fiat you only owe
         | taxes on the change in value since you received it (your cost
         | basis). You might even have a small loss at this point if the
         | value of BTC dipped between receipt and sale.
         | 
         | Usual IANAL/Tax person disclaimer.
        
         | shiftpgdn wrote:
         | This doesn't make sense. Your tax on creating the coin is only
         | your marginal tax rate. Even if you had a 37% tax rate that
         | means the other 63% was being eaten by electricity?
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | But that's insane. That's.a 37% tax on revenue, not income.
           | Nothing else is taxed like that.
        
           | ar-nelson wrote:
           | Yes, I was making a very small marginal profit after
           | electricity. And the tax rate was around 30% once you combine
           | federal and Massachusetts taxes, I don't remember exactly
           | what it was. And anything I cashed out was double-taxed:
           | first the payout from NiceHash, then the conversion from BTC
           | (what they pay out in) to USD.
        
             | teraflop wrote:
             | > And anything I cashed out was double-taxed
             | 
             | That's not how US taxes work. You're not "double-taxed"
             | because when you sell your coins, you only pay tax on the
             | _capital gains_ i.e. the difference from the original
             | value, which you were already taxed on. (Assuming you
             | correctly and accurately report the sale, that is.)
             | 
             | In other words, each dollar you receive is taxed as income
             | or as capital gains, but not both.
             | 
             | Also, I'm not sure what you mean by triggering taxes "on
             | every single payout". This is no different from a job
             | that's taxed "on every single paycheck" -- all you have to
             | actually report is the total at the end of the year.
        
               | ar-nelson wrote:
               | That's what I thought too. It didn't make sense at the
               | time, and still doesn't, but the TaxBit forms showed a
               | tax on both the payouts and the BTC->USD transaction.
               | There was probably something I could have done to remove
               | one of them, but I don't know enough about capital gains
               | taxes to figure it out, and paying a professional would
               | have cost as much as the tax I was trying to avoid.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | You often have to correctly document each step (and I
               | don't know if the law is "smart" enough yet to allow you
               | to deduct the electricity charge unless you set the whole
               | thing up as a 'company') and allow it to know the "cost
               | basis" for each step.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | Just to clarify: there's no such thing as "US crypto
               | taxes". There are taxes, levied on things like income and
               | capital gains. Crypto transactions can constitute taxable
               | events same as trading any other kind of asset can.
               | 
               | In this case it sounds like this TaxBit software is buggy
               | / not full featured and shouldn't be relied upon. Same
               | applies in some cases to TurboTax also, but you'd think
               | it would be possible to handle such a simple scenario
               | correctly.
        
               | mminer237 wrote:
               | You would get taxed twice, but it wouldn't stack. If you
               | earned $15 of Bitcoin, you'd get $15 added onto your tax
               | bill at payout. Then if Bitcoin jumped to $20 and you
               | sold it a couple months later, you'd have the $5
               | difference of short-term capital gains taxes added on
               | then.
        
               | yebyen wrote:
               | When you count your income from mining, you need to
               | create an equal cost basis at that time. The value of the
               | coins when you received them is your cost basis. If you
               | didn't do that, you paid way too much in taxes.
               | 
               | (If you hold them for longer than a year before you sell
               | them, you can be paying long-term capital gains which is
               | cheaper than short-term. Unless you're in losses in which
               | case it doesn't matter.)
        
             | hattmall wrote:
             | Taxes can't make you lose money. You're taxes are a percent
             | of the profit. That's how it works. You can't be forced
             | into unprofitability because of taxes, but your profits
             | will decrease by whatever percentage of profit your tax
             | rate is.
        
               | blobbers wrote:
               | They don't factor in the electricity you pay for to get
               | the coin. So when you get your tax bill for $20 of btc,
               | and you paid $15 in electricity to get it, you still owe
               | federal and state taxes on the $20, not the $5. If you
               | set it up as a business you might be able to write off
               | electricity.
               | 
               | See: https://www.bitcointaxsolutions.com/blog/can-i-
               | deduct-mining....
        
             | medvezhenok wrote:
             | If you listed it as a side business you should also be able
             | to deduct the electricity expense (and the cost of the GPU,
             | depreciated over some expected lifetime) as a business
             | expense against the revenue you made from mining.
             | 
             | You pay income tax on the crypto when you mine it at the
             | market value at the time of mining - then your cost basis
             | becomes the price that you paid (for future gain + loss
             | computations).
             | 
             | The reporting requirement is quite annoying, so for a
             | single card/rig it's probably not worth it - but should
             | still make money.
             | 
             | There shouldn't ever be a case where you have to pay more
             | in tax than you made mining (with one exception: you keep
             | your mining income in crypto and the crypto tanks).
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | IANAL but to my understanding its kind of a stretch to call
             | it double-taxed.
             | 
             | Note: the below is assuming you're doing this mining
             | activity as a private person and not setting it up as a
             | separate legal entity like an LLC or something.
             | 
             | Simplifying, lets say 1BTC==$1USD at time of NiceHash
             | payout, and you received 10 bitcoin. You'd then pay
             | something like your regular income tax rate, lets say 30%
             | on that. So the tax on mining income was $3. You'd still
             | potentially have 10BTC, assuming you paid the tax with
             | other dollars on hand instead of instantly selling.
             | 
             | Then crypto goes up from 1BTC==$1 to 1BTC==$1.50. Your
             | crypto is now worth 10 * 1.5 = $15USD. When you go to sell,
             | you don't pay tax on the full $15 you just pay the tax on
             | the gains, $5. So you'd pay the capital gains tax, probably
             | 15% to you, on that $5 so $0.75USD.
             | 
             | You don't pay the capital gains tax rate on the entire
             | value of your crypto, only the gain in value. So from a USD
             | perspective you didn't get double taxed. You had an income
             | of $10, then you had an "income" of $5 when you realized
             | the gains. That's two different taxable events, not a
             | single one. If you exchanged the BTC to USD immediately at
             | the distribution, you wouldn't of had a capital gains tax
             | as you wouldn't have theoretically experienced any
             | gains/losses on that distribution.
             | 
             | IANAL, this is not tax advice, I am entirely a lay person.
             | If I'm wrong _please_ correct me.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | What happens is tax software, unless specifically told
               | (and some will ask) will assign a cost-basis of $0 to
               | something it doesn't know about, which makes the whole
               | $15 appear as a capital gain.
        
               | yebyen wrote:
               | This exactly. Unless you're using a suite that's
               | specifically built for crypto traders, there's no way the
               | software can know that income on day X (which you pay
               | income tax on) is from the same bucket that an asset as
               | was sold later on day Y.
               | 
               | You have to tell the software about your cost basis,
               | which is only a problem if you're mining. It's smart
               | enough to figure out buying and selling on the same
               | platform, but it is not smart enough to figure out that
               | some income was related to later sales and track your
               | cost basis unless you make those connections yourself.
        
               | j0hnyl wrote:
               | This is why I paid a firm to do my crypto
               | reconciliation... which too costs an arm and a leg.
        
               | yebyen wrote:
               | Yeah if you're in for a penny you're in for a pound as
               | they say. Sometimes I think that most of the algorithms
               | should just go away and we should just trade 10 times a
               | year, from a spreadsheet. Then I remember that those
               | algorithms all came from the primordial spreadsheet soup,
               | and just laugh.
        
         | chrisco255 wrote:
         | > ..and then I discovered US crypto taxes, which triggered on
         | every single incremental payout from the mining pool I used
         | 
         | How much were you earning off a single GPU? Surely low enough
         | to fit under your standard deduction?
        
           | ar-nelson wrote:
           | There was probably a way I could have figured out how to keep
           | the profits, but because I only made a few hundred from
           | mining, and I had other capital gains (from stocks) that made
           | that whole part of my taxes complicated, it just wasn't worth
           | the effort and the risk of an audit to try to find a
           | loophole. I printed the forms from TaxBit and paid what it
           | said.
           | 
           | People say that US taxes are kept complicated because the tax
           | prep companies profit, or because Republican politicians
           | benefit from frustration at taxes. But I think this is a
           | bigger reason: a lot of people, myself included, when faced
           | with paying extra taxes that just "don't seem right", would
           | rather pay extra that go through the complication of figuring
           | out how to fix them. So the government gets extra tax revenue
           | that they _technically_ didn 't require.
        
             | ctvo wrote:
             | > People say that US taxes are kept complicated because the
             | tax prep companies profit, or because Republican
             | politicians benefit from frustration at taxes. But I think
             | this is a bigger reason: a lot of people, myself included,
             | when faced with paying extra taxes that just "don't seem
             | right", would rather pay extra that go through the
             | complication of figuring out how to fix them. So the
             | government gets extra tax revenue that they technically
             | didn't require.
             | 
             | So you think people overpay more commonly when faced with
             | complexity and confusion in the tax code vs. underpaying or
             | not paying at all? Is that right?
             | 
             | Also the confusion you're describing is also what drives
             | your first reason:
             | 
             | > People say that US taxes are kept complicated because the
             | tax prep companies profit
             | 
             | People need to use professional services because they're
             | not sure.
        
               | squeaky-clean wrote:
               | It's pretty well acknowledged that the American tax
               | system is heavily under the influence of lobbyists from
               | tax filing companies like Intuit. You don't see these
               | sorts of problems in other countries for individual or
               | self employment taxes
        
               | sgtnoodle wrote:
               | The tax code is too complex. I've consulted professional
               | tax accountants three times over the last decade.
               | Professionals don't understand it either.
               | 
               | The first one was an oaf in Los Angeles that charged me
               | $500 to redo a back-of-the-envelope calculation I had
               | already done.
               | 
               | The second one was an older lady in Silicon Valley. You
               | would think she would have known how ISOs work, but she
               | messed up the calculations anyway. There were no
               | penalties, but she felt bad enough that she filed my
               | taxes for free. She got cancer and retired 6 months
               | later.
               | 
               | The third was a friend that prepares taxes for
               | billionaires. His retainer is something like $15K per
               | year. His software's calculations disagreed with my
               | homemade spreadsheet by $40K. In April my spreadsheet
               | ended up within a few thousand of TurboTax. He's still
               | kicking himself over that...
        
           | smeyer wrote:
           | If you're working a fulltime job, you're very likely to
           | already be well over the standard deduction. It still sounds
           | like the commenter doesn't fully understand the tax situation
           | and might have paid more than they truly owed, but I can't
           | imagine they'd owe $0 on the profits if they're in the US
           | unless they had minimal other income that year.
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | In the US, especially absent a large mortgage or
             | significant charitable deductions, it's very possible--even
             | probable--that, given tax changes about five years ago,
             | you're within your standard deduction. I certainly am in a
             | normal year.
        
         | patricklorio wrote:
         | I'm confused, taxes only apply to profit and you can write off
         | the expenses of the video card.
        
           | lm28469 wrote:
           | > you can write off the expenses of the video card.
           | 
           | As a random person who buys a graphic card to mine coin you
           | can deduct the card price ?
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Only if you are a "business" and using it for business
             | purposes. And the IRS has all sorts of things to detect a
             | hobby vs a business - https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/earning-
             | side-income-is-it-a-hob...
             | 
             | So for example if you build a workshop in your garage and
             | start making fine wood items, even if you sell them it may
             | not be a business, and count as a hobby.
             | 
             | Usually the IRS is trying to find people with "perpetually
             | money-losing businesses that are deducting each year" but
             | you could get caught up in some cases.
        
           | seanmcdirmid wrote:
           | They might not have known that. You'd be surprised how often
           | people say "Taxes completely wiped out my profits becuase I
           | didn't realize I could deduct my expenses!" Also, in some
           | industries, like marijuana distribution, you really can't
           | deduct a lot of your expenses.
        
             | thealfreds wrote:
             | If it was with a single card there probably isn't enough
             | expense to go over the standard deduction.
        
               | teraflop wrote:
               | Your ability to deduct business expenses using Schedule C
               | has nothing to do with the standard deduction. (And if
               | you don't treat it as a business expense, you probably
               | can't deduct it no matter what.)
        
               | projektfu wrote:
               | That's not how that works. For business expenses you put
               | business income against expenses on schedule C. Only the
               | net income is considered for taxes. Many people think
               | they need to do something special to have a business but
               | you don't. However, it can be a good idea to create a
               | free EIN for the business and maintain real books (using
               | ledger, for example, or by hand) and a separate checking
               | account.
        
             | benj111 wrote:
             | Why not?
             | 
             | I assume we're talking legal distribution else you wouldn't
             | be paying taxes anyway
        
               | CrazyStat wrote:
               | > else you wouldn't be paying taxes anyway
               | 
               | That's how they get you.
               | 
               | NC sells "unauthorized substance" tax stamps, which you
               | can buy (in theory) anonymously with cash, to pay your
               | taxes on income from illegal distribution.
               | 
               | Mostly it's an excuse to extract money from people who
               | (obviously) didn't pay their drug taxes [1].
               | 
               | [1] https://ncpolicywatch.com/2021/06/28/the-nc-drug-tax-
               | is-desi...
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | Seriously, there should be a way of challenging a
               | conviction for not paying this tax (or any other tax), if
               | the way to pay the tax is reasonably impossible to use
               | for an average human.
               | 
               | I'd be fine with it if you could buy these stickers at
               | any random store/kiosk/post office (like the tax stamps
               | in Croatia that got phased out last year [1]), if you
               | could mail-order them in advance, or if you could pay
               | them online, _and_ there was a written rule that not just
               | makes it a misdemeanor for DoR staff to forward data, but
               | outright poisons the whole investigation.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.expatincroatia.com/what-is-a-tax-stamp-
               | and-why-d...
        
               | seanmcdirmid wrote:
               | The IRS makes it really easy to just say you owe money
               | and pay them, without saying much about why you owe them
               | money. So there really isn't an excuse. I assume the NC
               | system is for state taxes, not federal. For the IRS, you
               | just put some numbers down and they usually won't ask for
               | specific details. Later, if you get caught, the IRS will
               | ask if you paid your taxes, and...if you did, they won't
               | get you for tax evasion.
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | There is no "legal distribution" of marijuana in federal
               | law, and it's the federal law that's most of the tax
               | burden. The federal law simply does not allow you to
               | deduct expenses on marijuana business.
        
               | benj111 wrote:
               | But if you have a business selling whatever, you have
               | expenses. Why does the federal tax agency even care what
               | you're doing to make that money?
               | 
               | I assume federal law doesn't actively say it's illegal,
               | and I assume federal law doesn't exhaustively list what
               | can be an expense or not, so if your business is
               | incurring a legitimate expense?
               | 
               | Further. Who decides what you are selling. Yes it may be
               | marijuana in the box, but if there are other value added
               | things, surely you could argue that that is an incidental
               | ingredient, and you're really selling fancy packaging.
               | 
               | For a country where it's all about free enterprise etc.
               | Things are half made awkward. In the UK if you have a
               | legitimate business expense related to your business you
               | can expense it. And setting up a business basically
               | involves getting a tax number to do your tax return.
        
               | kayodelycaon wrote:
               | It's illegal:
               | https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/280E
               | 
               |  _No deduction or credit shall be allowed for any amount
               | paid or incurred during the taxable year in carrying on
               | any trade or business if such trade or business (or the
               | activities which comprise such trade or business)
               | consists of trafficking in controlled substances (within
               | the meaning of schedule I and II of the Controlled
               | Substances Act) which is prohibited by Federal law or the
               | law of any State in which such trade or business is
               | conducted._
               | 
               | Under federal law, marijuana is Schedule 1. While it is
               | used in medical treatment in some states, this use is not
               | legal federally. https://www.dea.gov/drug-
               | information/drug-scheduling
               | 
               |  _Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined
               | as drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a
               | high potential for abuse. Some examples of Schedule I
               | drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD),
               | marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
               | (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote._
               | 
               | Those in the business of selling marijuana are doing so
               | illegally in the hopes the federal government continues
               | to not enforce the law. :(
        
               | benj111 wrote:
               | So they're breaking the law by selling drugs? I assume
               | they aren't paying taxes anyway then?!?
        
               | xyzzyz wrote:
               | Yes, they are breaking laws by selling drugs. No, they
               | still pay taxes. The reason is that the federal drug
               | enforcement agency that could go after them for breaking
               | the low most likely will _not_ do that, whereas IRS
               | highly likely _will_ go after them for not paying the
               | taxes.
        
           | jmalicki wrote:
           | If you're not incorporated, business expenses are only
           | deductible if they exceed 2% of AGI[0, p2], so for a hobbyist
           | miner it is quite plausible that they can't write it off.
           | 
           | [0] https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p529.pdf
        
             | Kon-Peki wrote:
             | _Not tax advice_
             | 
             | If you're just some average person, no, you aren't writing
             | off the expenses. You should just add it to Schedule 1 line
             | 8z "Other Income" and write "crypto mining" as what it is
             | from. If you're just some average person, the actual tax on
             | that money is going to be something like 10-15%.
             | 
             | You can save a lot of time and effort: If it's not
             | profitable when you pay your taxes, it isn't profitable.
             | It's a hobby.
        
             | xur17 wrote:
             | Not tax advice, but I'm pretty sure you can just file it
             | under a Schedule C as business income, and then you
             | definitely can deduct the expenses from the business income
             | with no 2% minimum.
        
             | dboreham wrote:
             | Quick note since it wasn't totally clear from the sibling
             | comments that this is totally wrong. The cited document is
             | describing a completely different kind of "deduction" for a
             | completely different reason and has nothing at all to do
             | with the ability to "deduct" business costs from profits.
             | The underlying principle is that only profits from business
             | activity are taxable, not gross income.
             | 
             | In case anyone is wondering, the cited document discusses
             | _unreimbursed_ _employee_ expenses. This means something
             | like: you used your guest room as an office to perform
             | remote work for your employer, and they didn't give you any
             | rent for that space. In some times past you could actually
             | pay less tax by declaring that you had rented your guest
             | room to your employer but they hadn't paid you the rent,
             | and so that's now a loss to you upon which you don't pay
             | tax. This document says "nope, you can't do that any more".
        
             | brudgers wrote:
             | I recommend using an accountant.
             | 
             | I am not one.
             | 
             | However, my understanding is that all of this might be best
             | handled as a Sole Proprietorship and filed using Schedule C
             | - Profit and Loss from a Business.
        
         | gjs278 wrote:
        
       | albxxdx wrote:
       | Trough all 2019, and also in 2020 you could buy a RX470 4GB used
       | for $70 including shipping at Aliexpress...
        
         | _puk wrote:
         | Haha. I bought a brand new 1050 for one of the kid's builds
         | (For a system that would happily run Minecraft) from eBay.
         | Pretty much a year to the day it suddenly wouldn't be
         | recognised by the Nvidia drivers on booting.
         | 
         | Turned out it had a hacked firmware.
         | 
         | I now only buy my graphics cards from reputable sources..
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | you bought gts450
        
       | mawadev wrote:
       | I don't buy a new gpu when it's too expensive. I don't play a
       | game when my current gpu can't run it. I may be boring, but I
       | don't see much difference in graphics quality compared to 5 or 10
       | years ago... Software seems to just have gotten worse. Whenever I
       | buy new hardware, I feel like I'm indirectly part of the problem,
       | where devs are forced to cut corners bc of budget and time
       | constraints as they're shipping low par software.
        
         | xen2xen1 wrote:
         | I went to buy a k620 six months ago. It was $100. It's back
         | down to $30, like it was 2 years ago. So I've definitely seen
         | movement, just maybe not at the top?
        
         | PartiallyTyped wrote:
         | Software has definitely gotten worse, and tbh it will only keep
         | getting worse. I really like this talk by [the possibly
         | notorious] Jonathan Blow on the software industry and software
         | in general decomposing [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSRHeXYDLko
        
       | thrillgore wrote:
       | I think an investigation is needed because I feel like Nvidia and
       | AMD are price fixing, and we're not having a whole lot of luck
       | with competitors in the space.
        
       | giantg2 wrote:
       | I hate crypto because now a good graphics card costs as much as a
       | decent cpu/board/ram combined.
        
         | albxxdx wrote:
         | Give it 2 months, I'm pretty sure price will drop a lot.
        
         | fallat wrote:
         | Not for much longer: between the merge, the chip shortage end
         | in sight, and competitors, things are going to get better.
        
         | Tenoke wrote:
         | I still find it hard to believe that creating demand for
         | something is bad for its future. Should I hate gamers for
         | driving demand for my consumer card which I buy for machine
         | learning?
        
           | VintageCool wrote:
           | Steady demand (ie gamers) is good for making investments into
           | the future. A massive flood of temporary demand (ie crypto)
           | is dangerous. If they make huge investments to be able to
           | meet crypto demand and it disappears in two years, then the
           | manufacturers are overextended (probably on loans); they
           | might go under when the flood abates or they might drive
           | prices down to levels which cannot sustain future investment.
           | The flood of crypto demand also harms their steady market of
           | gamers: witness how much resentment has been expressed toward
           | crypto and Nvidia in this thread.
        
           | mping wrote:
           | Most of the time, 1 gamer = 1 card; for crypto, it's like a
           | dozen guys run hundreds if not thousands of GPUs. It's
           | basically hoarding a finite resource.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | No, you should thank them for giving constant demand for
           | consumer products. Without them you would be paying
           | enterprise prices for the same cards...
        
           | squeaky-clean wrote:
           | If gamers ever cause GPU stock to be unavailable for
           | literally years and drive prices up to triple their msrp,
           | yes. Then you can be mad at gamers.
        
             | Tenoke wrote:
             | While the shortages are real I've bought GPUs during those
             | years, never for even 2x MSRP (though obviously more than
             | MSRP). Prices have also surely increased due to gamers at
             | times (even if less so) without me hating them, and MSRP
             | has clearly been set quite low compared to costs and the
             | past - look at EVGA barely managing to profit by selling at
             | the prices set by NVIDIA which would hardly be due to the
             | increased demand.
             | 
             | At any rate, I'm just not convinced that the extra demand
             | for years isn't good for the GPU industry - e.g. I'd
             | imagine 10 years down the line the GPU industry to be
             | better off in the world in which it had increased demand
             | for years over the world where it didn't. Hell, maybe it
             | even directly helped with scaling up for the increasing ML
             | demand.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "EVGA barely managing to profit
               | 
               | ...
               | 
               | Hell, maybe it even directly helped with scaling up for
               | the increasing ML demand."
               | 
               | This makes no sense. Any architecture 10 years in the
               | future would be different and require retooling. It's
               | also yet to be seen what demand ML will even generate in
               | 10 years (it's been all the rage for the last 10 and
               | we're nowhere close to those predictions). The money
               | would be one that I could agree with helping in the
               | future, but similar to what you said profit forecasts are
               | low, so they won't even have that.
        
               | Tenoke wrote:
               | EVGA's profits might've been low but as far as I can see
               | NVIDIA's profit and growth has increased significantly
               | since Ethereum launched[0] and money today helps with R&D
               | for tomorrow (and R&D budgets have increased even more).
               | 
               | 0. https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/NVDA/nvidia/
               | revenu...
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Sure, but if I remember correctly they are giving
               | shareholder guidance that the future profits look bleak.
               | Again, this is a big bubble mostly caused by crypto.
        
               | squeaky-clean wrote:
               | > At any rate, I'm just not convinced that the extra
               | demand for years isn't good for the GPU industry
               | 
               | The demand disappeared last Thursday night.
        
           | omegalulw wrote:
           | It's not about creating demand. It's about creating wild
           | swings in demand AND supply. Miners buy en masse when
           | profitable and sell when not. That's what messes up the
           | market. Gamers won't do that.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | Your example isn't the same. The manufacturers wouldn't be
           | able to do enough volume to bring down card prices for AI
           | without gamers. The gamers are actually bringing your price
           | down.
           | 
           | This is a bubble created mostly by crypto that is driving
           | prices up because their demand greatly exceeds supply.
        
           | concinds wrote:
           | You're right. $NVDA went from $2.6B in R&D for FY2019 to
           | $6.3B for FY2022; and they've done a few cloud acquisitions
           | in the meantime. They'll go through a tough period, sales
           | wise, as the market gets flooded with second-hand stuff, but
           | their fundamentals are solid.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | a_f wrote:
         | Wait until you see some of the new motherboard prices for AMDs
         | AM5 platform. The top end rivals that of the new graphics cards
        
       | baybal2 wrote:
        
       | guilhas wrote:
       | The post seems to be talking about the unbranded Chinese cards. I
       | have never tried those, not sure if it was the same
       | performance/drivers. But in 2019 bought a RX570 on ebay to 150$
       | and sold it next year for the same. They're a bit cheaper now,
       | but its price range does not allow much change. More expensive
       | cards have more variation
        
       | scrlk wrote:
       | Are there any reliability issues with used mining cards?
       | 
       | AFAIK most miners undervolted their cards to maximise
       | profitability vs. power/cooling requirements. Would applying new
       | thermal paste + replacing fans on the cooler be enough?
        
         | dimman wrote:
         | Not necessarily more than any other card. As long as it's been
         | running within component specs (especially temperatures), I
         | wouldn't be worried.
         | 
         | It's obviously been running fine under high loads, so why would
         | it just decide to stop working fine?
         | 
         | I think the major issue is that many cards have been running
         | outside of specs for a long time. High loads tends to increase
         | the risk of that, so the problem lies in figuring out the case
         | for the card you're interested in.
        
           | squeaky-clean wrote:
           | > It's obviously been running fine under high loads, so why
           | would it just decide to stop working fine?
           | 
           | I think most people don't really get how durability works
           | with solid state electronics. It makes sense that a truck
           | used under high loads for 2 years straight is going to show
           | some issues. If I was buying a used tube guitar amp and the
           | seller told me it had been left continously playing a test
           | tone at maximum volume for years I'd assume the tubes and
           | speaker cone are F'd.
           | 
           | The idea of "it's been running fine for 2 years under high
           | load, so that's a good sign it will continue to run" is
           | correct but very unintuitive.
        
         | ur-whale wrote:
         | > Are there any reliability issues with used mining cards?
         | 
         | Yes.
         | 
         | Specifically, voltage regulators tend - for some reason I am
         | not familar with - wear out and die.
         | 
         | I'd be very careful when buying a second-hand GPU that was used
         | for mining.
         | 
         | > Would applying new thermal paste + replacing fans on the
         | cooler be enough?
         | 
         | Doubtful.
        
         | timtom39 wrote:
         | Yes but I have owned several with no issues. I usually will
         | only buy from sellers who have lots of positive feedback. New
         | sellers have nothing to lose.
        
         | scambier wrote:
         | There's a nice Linus Tech Tips video about this:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKqVvXTanzI
         | 
         | The tl;dw is that used cards don't perform worse than new cards
         | - your card either works, or it doesn't. But like any
         | electronics, they have an "expiration date", and if it's been
         | used for 2 years, it's 2 years closer to dying. It's up to you
         | to decide if the discount of a used card might be worth it.
        
           | benj111 wrote:
           | But what's the bathtub curve on GPUs though?
           | 
           | I'm guessing like most electronics, if they don't break in
           | the first few months, they'll probably last until they're
           | thrown away.
        
             | doubled112 wrote:
             | Depends how long until you throw them away.
             | 
             | A bathtub curve needs to come back up, right?
        
               | benj111 wrote:
               | Yes. And when was the last time you had a processor fail,
               | or ram, or motherboard?
               | 
               | I've had one motherboard on a laptop go. And that was due
               | to flexing at the hinge. Everything else was mechanical,
               | and I keep pcs for longer than average. My current laptop
               | is 7 years old I believe.
        
               | doubled112 wrote:
               | Everything fails eventually, and I agree, usually once
               | they're a certain age they keep going a while.
               | 
               | How many I've had fail? Or how many I've replaced?
               | 
               | I worked for a few years in a warranty depot doing
               | desktop and laptop repair. I've replaced a lot of parts
               | outside of that first few months.
               | 
               | I keep my stuff around a good long time too.
               | 
               | I replaced a 5 year old GPU in my desktop just this
               | spring. Tossed a desktop motherboard that would no longer
               | POST with known good parts this summer that was probably
               | about 7 years old. A couple of laptops hit the recycle
               | bin last year because their screens stopped displaying a
               | picture, but it wasn't physical damage or the cable. They
               | were probably close to 8 years old.
               | 
               | Stuff happens, as they say.
        
           | zajio1am wrote:
           | > The tl;dw is that used cards don't perform worse than new
           | cards - your card either works, or it doesn't.
           | 
           | For electronics, it is often not just "either works, or it
           | doesn't", but there is also decreased reliability (increased
           | rate of random crashes and restarts). We ran many PCs as
           | routers in often inadequate temperature conditions and that
           | was pretty common failure mode.
        
             | hot_gril wrote:
             | Was going to say, "it either works or it doesn't" doesn't
             | even match my experience using home routers at obviously
             | tiny scale. Every router needs a reboot sometimes, question
             | is how often. My parents' router is on a lamp timer now to
             | ensure it reboots daily. Amortized like 1 "9" of
             | reliability. A better one maybe gets 3 "9"s.
        
       | lottin wrote:
       | Nonsense. I bought an RX570 in April 2019 and it cost me EUR210,
       | or about $235.
        
       | thro388 wrote:
       | RX470 and RX480 are quite nice cards for Linux workstation.
       | Support for 5 displays, and most importantly great opensource
       | drivers. I am buying couple...
        
         | 7speter wrote:
         | Any AMD card is really. RX6600's are 2x as powerful as rx480s,
         | and are approaching 200 dollars. Dunno about their workstation
         | ability though
        
           | zekica wrote:
           | My PowerColor Fighter RX6600 works completely fine on Ubuntu
           | 22.04. No stability issues at all, and even ROCm works. The
           | GPU itself supports 5 simultaneous displays but the card has
           | only 4 outputs: 3 DP 1.4a and 1 HDMI 2.1
        
             | 7speter wrote:
             | Well, I'm saying it may not perform for workstation
             | workloads as well as nvidia cards, because cuda, but I also
             | dont know how well supported workstation/pro features are
             | with nvidia cards on Linux.
        
           | thro388 wrote:
           | Older kernels may not work with newest AMD cards. Some old
           | Debian stable, CentOS and so on. RX 480 is sure bet!
        
       | superkuh wrote:
       | I also remember the Riva TNT2 and Vooodoo 2 being released in the
       | late 90s/early-00s for $230-$300. Big prices on video cards are
       | not a new thing.
        
       | Kukumber wrote:
       | I bought the RX580 (card that i'm still using) at 100 too from
       | ebay few years ago
       | 
       | I will not buy one of these new overpriced cards, hopefully mine
       | will last long enough to see correct prices again
       | 
       | I don't game that much anymore so screw them
        
         | mnd999 wrote:
         | That's roughly equivalent to my aging Nvidia 970, I think and
         | that's also mostly fine. The price of new cards is still
         | ridiculous afaict.
        
         | nani8ot wrote:
         | I bought a 1060 for 300EUR in the mining boom in 2017 and later
         | switched to an RX580 for 100EUR (sold and bought). Now I'm
         | thinking of buying a new GPU if the prices are down enough for
         | me to justify it.
         | 
         | The RX580 just isn't enough for my 1440p@144Hz E.g. I had to
         | use FSR 1.0 with Ghostrunner to achieve the 100+ fps I want.
         | And that just doesn't look good enough. For my Steam Deck 40Hz
         | is fine, since I play with joysticks.
        
       | causi wrote:
       | Yeah, with all this "GPU prices are falling woo-hoo" people seem
       | to be forgetting they're still paying above MSRP for cards that
       | are both two years old _and_ were overpriced on launch. I bought
       | an EVGA 1070 SC shortly after launch and paid $400. If Nvidia
       | thinks I 'm going to fork over $600 for a two year old 3070 they
       | can sit and spin.
        
         | papichulo4 wrote:
         | MSI's 3090 Ti was hovering around $1099 on Amazon, new-in-box,
         | last week. Nobody should buy a used 3070 for $600 - brand new
         | ones are ~$550 right now: https://www.amazon.com/s?k=rtx+3070
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | I vaguely recall like 10 years you could get a then-decent GPU
         | for like $120. But maybe I'm comparing against, like, the
         | "best-buy special" slightly out of date card or something. I
         | wonder if some of that market has been wiped out by the slow
         | creep of iGPU performance.
        
         | Tepix wrote:
         | I think most people are aware that the prices need to come down
         | another 50% or more until we're approaching "cheap".
        
         | Rebelgecko wrote:
         | Wouldn't we expect a similar price increase over the last 5
         | years, if only due to inflation and the 25% tariff?
        
           | Dylan16807 wrote:
           | You'd expect that increase to be applied to a significant
           | discount for the card being two years old.
           | 
           | Also the tariff was paused 6 months ago, retroactively
           | refunding back to 11 months ago. It should have minimal
           | effect on current stock.
        
         | themitigating wrote:
         | Nvidia only sets a MSRP not the selling price which the
         | manufacturer sets.
        
           | apocalyptic0n3 wrote:
           | That's not true. NVIDIA sets a min and max price range you
           | can sell at (both to board partners AND to retail partners).
           | LTT has talked about it at length in the past, including on
           | last week's WAN Show. It was also cited by EVGA last week as
           | one of the reasons they opted to stop selling GPUs.
        
             | themitigating wrote:
             | Han told the YouTubers that NVIDIA had stopped treating
             | EVGA as a true partner over the years despite their
             | history. https://www.engadget.com/evga-is-leaving-the-gpu-
             | market-and-...
             | 
             | 1.NVIDIA had allegedly stopped informing EVGA about new
             | product announcements and important information, such as
             | suggested retail pricing and availability
             | 
             | 2.NVIDIA's first-party Founders Edition cards undercut the
             | prices of their counterparts from EVGA and other partners,
             | forcing the vendors to mark down their prices.
             | 
             | Do you have a source?
        
           | 0xAFFFF wrote:
           | Nvidia does set the price for Founders Edition cards sold
           | under their own name though, although they only account for a
           | small part of the overall card supply.
        
             | deelowe wrote:
             | Nvidia sets the price for all cards that use their chips as
             | part of their OEM agreements. Partners used to get around
             | this by doing things such as adding more memory, OC, and
             | other features which allowed them to charge a premium in
             | those cases. Nvidia has clamped own on this over the years.
             | It's gotten so bad that EVGA famously stopped all GPU
             | development this year in reaction to the declining margins
             | and increasing hostility from Nvidia.
        
           | folkrav wrote:
           | The point is MSRP used to be a relatively safe assumption of
           | selling price (AFAIK it also has been for quite a while), and
           | now it's way lower than what we actually end up paying.
        
           | Topgamer7 wrote:
           | Given the recent evga split, this is actually not the case.
           | Nvidia has contracts to provide them with a great deal of
           | control over end user pricing.
        
           | PedroBatista wrote:
           | Nvidia literally mandates the pricing their "partners" can
           | sell each card ( it's an interval )
           | 
           | It's widely known Nvidia is a bitch to work with. It has been
           | "fine" because Nvidia was pretty much the only game in town
           | and because of Bitcoin/Covid/floods/locusts/etc the prices
           | have been ridiculous for years and everybody made their sweet
           | money, now things are starting to become sane and the usual
           | crocodiles are starting to cry..
           | 
           | I don't feel pity for anyone, everybody other the the final
           | real consumer made a lot of money.
        
             | hot_gril wrote:
             | > I don't feel pity for anyone, everybody other the the
             | final real consumer made a lot of money.
             | 
             | And most of the final real consumers just lost out on
             | inexpensively running Minecraft shaders in 4K or whatever,
             | so eh, life moves on.
        
           | batuhanicoz wrote:
           | I heard in the recent coverage of EVGA ending their
           | partnership with NVIDIA and pulling out of the GPU market
           | that NVIDIA not only sets the MSRP, they also set floor and
           | ceiling for the selling prices.
           | 
           | Also, EVGA CEO claimed that it wouldn't be feasible compete
           | with NVIDIA's pricing for Founder's Edition cards, which are
           | usually cheaper.
        
           | kurikuri wrote:
           | Sure, NVIDIA sets an MSRP, but that MSRP is a sticker price
           | given to consumers and not representative of what the
           | manufacturers pay for the chips themselves. Manufacturers
           | need to make somewhat of a profit, but NVIDIA has encroached
           | on this profit from its manufacturers since the 10-series
           | came out. JayzTwoCents on YouTube recently discussed this
           | while reporting on a meeting he had with EVGA's CEO about
           | EVGA's recent break with NVIDIA [1].
           | 
           | When the 10-series came about, NVIDIA launched the a limited
           | run of the founder's edition graphics cards at $100 above
           | MSRP. Before the 10-series graphics cards, NVIDIA didn't sell
           | cards themselves and went out of its way to make this seem as
           | if this was a limited edition sort of product. Then the
           | 20-series came out with a continuous run of founder's edition
           | cards which were priced at MSRP, directly competing with
           | their previous board partners.
           | 
           | Tie this along with the previous attempts to strongarm
           | manufacturers via GPP and chip supply allocations, and I tend
           | to give the gift of charity to the manufacturers and not
           | NVIDIA.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=12Hcbx33Rb4&t=61s
        
             | paulmd wrote:
             | I love this alt-history, because the contemporary view at
             | the time was that the 10-series MSRP was "fake", that it
             | was impossible to find cards under the $700 MSRP, and that
             | the whole thing was a scheme from NVIDIA to market a lower
             | number than you could pay in practice and upcharge for the
             | blower cooler.
             | 
             | Partner cards were stacking up in the $725-800 range for 6
             | months after launch, so they came in above the MSRP, which
             | people justified because they were "premium cards". Very
             | few vendors offered any products at the actual MSRP, EVGA
             | had one that was "only" $20 above MSRP and Zotac had
             | something similar and those two low-cost models were
             | impossible to find for a long time.
             | 
             | Now it has gone from "NVIDIA wants to upcharge you for a
             | blower cooler" and it's a dastardly plan from NVIDIA to
             | undercut partners.
             | 
             | everyone is real riled up by that EVGA ceo's tantrum but
             | even GN told you to take it with a grain of salt, and other
             | board partners have confirmed that in the last 2 years
             | they've been running 10x their usual profits due to mining.
             | The EVGA ceo spinning it like partners been losing hundreds
             | of dollars per card for years now is false and untrue.
             | Being a partner is generally around 10% margin and even a
             | smaller partner like EVGA should be able to get around 5%.
             | Losing hundreds of dollars per card is something that
             | happened in like, the last month, partners made very
             | healthy margins selling into the mining boom, and the CEO
             | is being disingenuous by pretending that they've lost a
             | bunch of money on it/are running super low margins. Mining
             | was great for margins.
             | 
             | https://www.igorslab.de/en/evga-pulls-the-plug-with-loud-
             | ban...
        
         | maltalex wrote:
         | Consider AMD.
         | 
         | If you don't need NVIDIA specific features (e.g. ray tracing
         | performance, CUDA), you can get the same level of performance
         | [0] offered by a 3070 for around 350$-450$ in the form of an RX
         | 6700/RX 6750 XT [1][2]. You also get more VRAM with these cards
         | - 12GB instead of the 8GB of the 3070.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/gpu-
         | hierarchy,4388.html
         | 
         | [1]:
         | https://www.newegg.com/p/pl?d=6700+xt&Order=1&N=4841%2010000...
         | 
         | [2]:
         | https://www.newegg.com/p/pl?d=6750+xt&Order=1&N=100007709&is...
        
           | kyriakos wrote:
           | for just gaming AMD is the way to go if you are on a tight
           | budget. they had driver issues which are now fixed so they
           | offer both good performance and price. too bad all ML stuff
           | require CUDA :(
        
           | causi wrote:
           | Sadly I do much of my gaming over Moonlight which is Nvidia-
           | exclusive and beats the pants off Steam Link. Also I find the
           | AMD naming conventions somewhat confusing and I can never
           | judge the relative performance of an AMD card by its model
           | number.
        
             | maltalex wrote:
             | > Also I find the AMD naming conventions somewhat confusing
             | and I can never judge the relative performance of an AMD
             | card by its model number
             | 
             | It's really quite simple and very similar to NVIDIA's
             | naming scheme.
             | 
             | First digit is the generation (currently 6XXX)
             | 
             | Second digit is the relative performance (64XX < 65XX <
             | 66XX < 67XX < 68XX < 69XX)
             | 
             | "XT" suffix - similar to NVidia's "Super" designation. Non-
             | Zero third digit is like Nvidia's "Ti" designation: 6600 <
             | 6600 XT < 6650 XT.
        
             | lhl wrote:
             | I'm a huge Moonlight fan so this is an issue for me as
             | well, but just an FYI, a lot of people have good luck with
             | Sunshine https://github.com/loki-47-6F-64/sunshine - which
             | is a Moonlight compatible host that uses ffmpeg (and works
             | w/ AMD cards).
             | 
             | I'm in the market for an upgrade and will wait until Nov 3
             | to see what RDNA3 brings to see if it's worth paying for a
             | new card vs last-gen used card pricing.
        
               | causi wrote:
               | How does the latency compare to Moonlight? I'm lag-
               | sensitive to the point GeForce Now is immediately
               | nauseating in first-person games.
        
             | eikenberry wrote:
             | I've used Steam's remote play/streaming setup for years
             | without issue. What makes Moonlight better?
        
           | Semaphor wrote:
           | Recently bought a RX 6600 for (EUR/$ 285), very happy besides
           | not being able to (easily at least) try out stable fusion ;)
        
             | PartiallyTyped wrote:
             | You may be able to by building PyTorch with ROCm bindings.
        
           | Liquix wrote:
           | AMD is also the way to go for non-Windows users. There are
           | hopes that NVIDIA drivers will become usable in wake of the
           | wake of Lapsus$ hijinx, but for now AMD cards work _so_ much
           | better with GNU /Linux
        
             | jacooper wrote:
             | The lapsus hack doesn't matter, no body is going to Read
             | trade secret code.
             | 
             | What actually matters is the announcement of an open source
             | kernel driver, similar to how AMD does it, which will allow
             | for third party drivers like Mesa to exist, instead of
             | manually reverse engineering everything.
             | 
             | https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/nvidia-releases-open-
             | sourc...
        
         | somerandomqaguy wrote:
         | > Our strategy is to reduce the sell-in - reduce the sell-in
         | this quarter, next quarter to let channel inventory correct.
         | Obviously, we're off the highs and the macro condition turned
         | sharply worse. And so, our first strategy is to reduce sell-in
         | in the next couple of quarters to correct channel inventory.
         | We've also instituted programs to price position our current
         | products to prepare for next-generation products.
         | 
         | -Jensen Huang, Nvidia Q2 Earnings Call to Investors.
         | Paraphrased here: https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-
         | announces-prelimin...
         | 
         | JayzTwoCents has a video that speculates on what it means:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=15FX4pez1dw
         | 
         | Short version though, Jay thinks NVidia's trying to reduce the
         | supply of 3xxx cards on the market so that they can hopefully
         | keep prices high-ish and position the 4xxx cards at a higher
         | price bracket then the 3xxx, selling both at the same time.
        
           | Melatonic wrote:
           | *eyeroll*
           | 
           | Looks like I will not be buying a new Nvidia anytime soon
        
         | hot_gril wrote:
         | They don't think _you 're_ going to buy it, but they know
         | someone is going to.
        
           | lijogdfljk wrote:
           | Yup, iirc i paid $1600 _(or maybe $1800? I forget)_ for a new
           | 3080TI. It hurt. However i 'd do it again if/when i need to.
           | Ideally i won't for another few years, but you get me.
           | 
           | Clearly i can afford to do this though. But this isn't just
           | gaming either, i create CG on this machine, digitally sculpt,
           | etc.
        
       | paulmd wrote:
       | is this a link to someone's reddit post lol
        
       | senthilnayagam wrote:
       | have a intel mac i9, stable diffusion with openvino take about 5
       | minutes per prompt.
       | 
       | looking to build a linux machine for stable diffusion, will watch
       | out for good deals for RTX 3090 TI
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-09-20 23:02 UTC)