[HN Gopher] Amazon's $23M book about flies  (2011)
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       Amazon's $23M book about flies  (2011)
        
       Author : slazien
       Score  : 164 points
       Date   : 2022-09-19 13:33 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.michaeleisen.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.michaeleisen.org)
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | > _My preferred explanation for bordeebook's pricing is that they
       | do not actually possess the book. Rather, they noticed that
       | someone else listed a copy for sale, and so they put it up as
       | well - relying on their better feedback record to attract buyers.
       | But, of course, if someone actually orders the book, they have to
       | get it - so they have to set their price significantly higher -
       | say 1.27059 times higher - than the price they'd have to pay to
       | get the book elsewhere._
       | 
       | I've also seen arbitrage where the seller will buy the
       | collectible on one platform, then drag their feet on paying,
       | while listing it for sale on a different platform.
        
       | alfonsodev wrote:
       | Might be a case of money laundry ? You would think it would be
       | one-off then, but adding more units would make it more
       | believable.
       | 
       | Example: it is very common to find people selling a pen for 50
       | Euro, by buying the pen you are gifted with concert tickets which
       | are illegal to re-sell.
       | 
       | So think anything ilegal to sell or serve, that can be gifted if
       | you buy that book.
       | 
       | edit: I agree with what user WaitWaitWha is saying.
        
       | mellonaut wrote:
       | If you want to watch basically the same information deducted in
       | similar matter in video format, presented by a mathematician who
       | makes hilarious youtube videos with very high production value,
       | you're in luck!
       | 
       | Matt parker made a video on this topic, and it's great:
       | https://youtu.be/sseSi0k3Ecg
       | 
       | It will not give you not a lot more information than you can find
       | in this blog post (though it relates it to a stock market crash
       | triggered by high frequency trading bots doing basically the same
       | thing), but it's highly entertaining.
       | 
       | ----
       | 
       | edit: after re-checking the video, it states that is a video
       | adaptation of the blog post, and the blog post is listed as
       | primary source of the information :)
        
       | croes wrote:
       | Or this classic
       | 
       | https://www.reddit.com/r/funny/comments/6ofdt6/how_i_made_29...
        
       | stagger87 wrote:
       | Occam's razor. Automated pricing, not laundering, lol. Amazon
       | provides an interface for it. Provide rules for automatically
       | updating price. Very common in the online book market.
       | 
       | https://sellercentral.amazon.com/help/hub/reference/external...
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | Exactly what TFA describes.
        
           | stagger87 wrote:
           | Yea sorry for the confusion, this was mostly a response to
           | the other comments talking about it being money laundering.
        
         | daniel-cussen wrote:
         | Mmm...yeah it's like ebay's auction system, you can tell it how
         | high you will go but...no, just no. Better to just wait until
         | the last moments of the auction and _then_ tell ebay in
         | successive increments--in a real auction--how high you 're
         | willing to go. Can't let people see your reserve price
         | generally. It's very private, essential to private property.
         | Without it, and without competition, you give up everything you
         | have and nothing actually makes life better than not having it.
         | Well like there can be ultimatums, that's the alternative.
        
         | dieselgate wrote:
         | Yes my thoughts as well. I've read similar account of very high
         | priced items online and it was an automated pricing algo gone
         | awry comparing two sites selling the item (like Amazon and
         | eBay)
        
         | rtkwe wrote:
         | This has been discussed on other items before and a few people
         | were able to gather price history for some and it showed a
         | clear cycle between the two stores of regular incremental price
         | increases with stable percentages.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | xracy wrote:
       | Stand UP Maths has a relatively recent video that explains what
       | happened here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sseSi0k3Ecg
        
       | riadsila wrote:
       | Glad to see the prices are less chaotic today
       | https://www.amazon.com/Making-Fly-Genetics-Animal-Design/dp/...
        
       | gautamdivgi wrote:
       | It tickled me no end that although the book price was $23M, they
       | still charged $3.99 in shipping. Gotta charge for shipping :)
        
         | actusual wrote:
         | I have a rich aunt who would be ready to buy the $23M dollar
         | book then back out because of the shipping.
        
       | Reason077 wrote:
       | Hmm. Is there a way to short-sell physical items like books?
        
         | finnh wrote:
         | Selling it in Amazon when you don't actually own a copy, then
         | going out and buying a copy at need.
         | 
         | Which is exactly what the article's author thinks might be
         | happening, for the higher-priced book.
        
         | ElevenLathe wrote:
         | Get a copy by other means, then list it on Amazon for slightly
         | less than the cheaper ("legit") seller and order it from the
         | expensive ("scam") one, hopefully before they adjust their
         | prices. Then the scam seller buys it from you to sell to...you,
         | and you pocket the difference.
         | 
         | This will presumably only work if the scam seller also
         | automates the actual purchasing. If there is a human in the
         | loop, they may look elsewhere for a copy and you will be out 23
         | million dollars (but have a copy of the book).
         | 
         | I would assume most Amazon marketplace sellers won't have the
         | liquid assets with which to automate a 23 million dollar
         | purchase.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | Just sell them online, delay delivery, and try to print more
         | copies after the demand?
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Amazon's $23M book about flies (2011)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24809866 - Oct 2020 (81
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Amazon's $23M book about flies (2011)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16247254 - Jan 2018 (106
       | comments)
       | 
       |  _Amazon's $23M book about flies (2011)_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10289742 - Sept 2015 (94
       | comments)
       | 
       | I recall other threads about similar cases but don't know how to
       | find them. Anyone?
        
         | whoibrar wrote:
         | How do you find previously posted thrrads ? is there a specific
         | script or they remember stuff really well ?
        
           | dang wrote:
           | This is a frequently asked question! here are some of the
           | previous answers -
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29370676 (Nov 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28981484 (Oct 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28441182 (Sept 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27726982 (July 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27284079 (May 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27236708 (May 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26886074 (April 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26244468 (Feb 2021)
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26158300 (Feb 2021)
           | 
           | The amusing thing (since meta is a form of crack) is that I
           | used the same tool to look these up.
        
       | shaftway wrote:
       | I suspect the strategy is similar to bracketing.
       | 
       | Bracketing isn't uncommon in small financial markets. You
       | basically put a sell order in at a price a bit higher than the
       | market and a buy order in a bit cheaper than the market. As the
       | market moves, you also move your orders. The thing is you can't
       | move them perfectly in sync with the market, and occasionally a
       | large order comes in that blows through a few orders in the deck.
       | So when someone comes along and buys a big chunk your sell order
       | gets exercised. Someone else comes along and sells a big chunk
       | and your buy order gets exercised. As soon as the orders are
       | exercised you replace them.
       | 
       | The key is that you're always buying for a bit less than market,
       | and always selling for a bit more than market. As the market
       | moves you strongly tend to make money, regardless of which
       | direction it goes. The more volatility, the more you are likely
       | to make.
       | 
       | I think the strategy for being the higher priced book is similar.
       | The seller knows it's a rare good, and they're counting on some
       | class somewhere requiring the book. A bunch of students will need
       | it all at once, and the cheaper copies will get snapped up,
       | forcing some students to buy it at the higher price, and boom,
       | your sell order at just above market got executed.
       | 
       | Maybe they should have limits, but it's just one book and it's
       | unlikely to turn much of a profit, so it probably wasn't worth
       | the effort.
        
       | WaitWaitWha wrote:
       | The author's hypothesis sounds reasonable, but it is most likely
       | not arbitrage as @neilv mentioned it. It is money laundering.[0]
       | 
       | [0] https://krebsonsecurity.com/2018/02/money-laundering-via-
       | aut...
       | 
       | (edit: spelligating correctivization)
        
         | dwroberts wrote:
         | Would you be able to pay for something in the millions via
         | normal payment methods though? The laundering makes sense for
         | the smaller numbers like in the link (~$500) but these huge
         | values make it seem unlikely to me (and would surely draw
         | attention?)
         | 
         | I don't know about elsewhere in the world but I don't think I
         | could spend >50k on a card in the UK without some kind of prior
         | authorisation.
        
         | metabagel wrote:
         | I thought so at first too, but that doesn't explain the steady
         | price increases. Two algorithms competing against each other
         | does.
        
           | WaitWaitWha wrote:
           | The article I referenced is old, so it is possible that Amzn
           | (and the criminals) have evolved. It used to be randomly
           | generated e-books, now it is a real book. Maybe Amzn checks
           | to see if the uploaded material is legit, and rejects the
           | old-style random text. By latching onto a real book, this
           | becomes less of an issue.
           | 
           | As for the pricing, I am guessing it is just a side effect of
           | the normal behavior. It would make sense for the criminal to
           | _not_ change from default settings when setting up the
           | account, ergo include it in these algos.
        
           | thayne wrote:
           | And it really doesn't explain the price going back down to a
           | more competitive price.
        
       | auggierose wrote:
       | I think I stumbled across similar behaviour, but for a used book.
       | I was looking for a particular computer science book, couldn't
       | find it new, and then decided to buy a used one from Amazon,
       | ordering from the store with the best rating. It didn't arrive,
       | and after a while (a few weeks) I received a notice that the
       | delivery service had lost the book. I was refunded the money,
       | though. The tracking number I got for the book from the store
       | never worked though, I checked multiple times during those weeks.
       | So I guess the same thing was at play here: I was sold the book
       | although the store didn't have it. After failing to acquire the
       | book, they just cancelled my order by pretending the delivery
       | failed.
       | 
       | This boring story has a happy ending: I contacted the author (a
       | retired MIT professor) if he could share a PDF with me, and he
       | generated one from his old roff sources. He also sent me a signed
       | copy from a stack he got from his publisher back then (80's),
       | paying over $60 porto (US -> UK). I was blown away by his
       | kindness and generosity.
        
         | tomcam wrote:
         | Well that was heartening. Thank you, and the prof.
        
         | hotdamnson wrote:
         | Here in Thailand, there were cases where the shop sent a
         | package containing cash amount paid by the customer because
         | they didn't have the item they sold. This was an attempt to
         | avoid some negative repercussions from the platform they were
         | selling on (Shoppe, Lazada). Totally mental.
        
         | reaperducer wrote:
         | _I was sold the book although the store didn 't have it._
         | 
         | This happens a lot, and has recently become very visible with
         | the death of Queen Elizabeth II.
         | 
         | A lot of people suddenly hit Amazon and other online shopping
         | sites to buy Queen merchandise, only to have their orders
         | cancelled because the sellers weren't real stores with
         | inventory, but just randos on the internet used to going out to
         | tourist shops and buying one or two items a month as orders
         | came in.
         | 
         | When the flood of orders arrived, they couldn't handle it,
         | since their local shops ran dry of the specific items they
         | listed, too.
        
           | dec0dedab0de wrote:
           | I did this a few times on craigslist a long time ago. I went
           | to thrift stores and took pictures of stuff on the shelves,
           | listed them for sale at a decent markup and when people
           | wanted them I went and bought them. If it was already sold, I
           | would tell them they just missed it. It ended up being not
           | worth the effort for me, but it was fun for a few weeks.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | a seriously troubled neighbor here would go to thrift
             | stores, buy armloads of stuff.. way too much.. list it on a
             | half dozen platforms, and then used Facebook to promote her
             | 'sale' to friends of friends.. She generated some income,
             | but fell to hoarding at the same time.. also serious
             | "spend-a-holic" patterns were reinforced .. not completely
             | over and it has been at least five years of this.. USA-
             | California
        
         | samuelmelo wrote:
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | iLoveOncall wrote:
       | To anyone considering reading the article, there isn't much more
       | substance than a guy stumbling upon a book that is listed on
       | Amazon for an absurd price.
        
         | Chris2048 wrote:
         | and that it might be an automated price setting algorithm
         | responsible..
        
         | some_random wrote:
         | Did you miss the part where they reverse engineered the pricing
         | algorithm? What exactly were you expecting here?
        
           | iLoveOncall wrote:
           | They didn't reverse engineer anything. They made false
           | assumptions based on nothingness.
        
             | some_random wrote:
             | I'm curious how you know that the assumptions they made are
             | false and what the correct metric to look at for REing a
             | pricing algorithm would be if historical price is
             | "nothingness".
        
       | more_corn wrote:
       | A runaway feedback loop like this between two powerful AI agents
       | is one of the proposed ways that AI can destroy the world.
        
       | daniel-cussen wrote:
       | This is interesting so I actually developed what should happen
       | instead, mostly. Like where to price for differentiation, clearly
       | undercutting sometimes with a lower price and at other times,
       | when that doesn't make sense, instead raising the price by a bit
       | to end up in an uncrowded price point. Ideally to over time make
       | sense to buy at that price point, with merit, or just being a
       | unique price.
       | 
       | Price is a strong indicator of quality, tells you a lot about
       | clothes when there is no outside reference. Price means that is
       | what the seller will take for the good, a webpage they serve is
       | effectively a call option contract on the webpage when you load
       | it. That's what we determined as a group, the minute
       | bhphotovideo.com loads up a page with a number on it that's a
       | contract to buy at that price--like until there's no stock or
       | until there's a timeout of some kind, the two conditions that got
       | them out of the terms back when the terms were ads on radio.
       | bhphotovideo.com includes terms refusing business on Shabbat,
       | Saturdays, which is uncommon, that also applies and affects
       | things. I think shopping carts work but purchasing doesn't.
       | Webpages about products with prices are call options. Right but
       | not the obligation to buy that good at that price. The seller
       | must honor that price if the right is exercised.
       | 
       | That right lasts perhaps a day, some amount of time to decide
       | without the price going up or down as one thinks about it. On the
       | phone with airlines, you can get a price for a ticket this way,
       | and it's valid until you end the call. Get ahold of the money
       | during the call, and pay it, and it's yours. It can be an hour,
       | it gets stretched out, it is reserved while the flyer is on the
       | phone. The call option has a fixed price, despite the good
       | perhaps fluctuating minute to minute, Amazon prices very keenly.
       | In practice by authorizing the transaction all the pages involved
       | with all the advertising and all the legal language and the
       | pictures, the specs, they all become the terms of the
       | transaction. It seems like there is a lot of liability on the
       | seller's part, and it truly is, it is very competitive, but the
       | number that carries most weight is the price. In the end that
       | price can determine a good deal or a bad deal, or a purchase or
       | losing the purchase to a competitor with lower prices. So in a
       | very crowded market, with say five widgets at $10, and three at
       | 11$, a good currently at $12 must decide carefully--what is the
       | cost of goods sold? If it's low by all means undercut and price
       | at $9, or perhaps $8. Whereas if it costs $10 already, the best
       | is to sell for $13 or so, in a category of its own. And
       | eventually identify that price point's needs and values, what
       | they expect and what better work to justify charging that. But
       | there will be more profits at the higher price point for the
       | latter, the marking up on the one hand and on the other some
       | number of customers will trust it to deserve that price point,
       | whereas charging the same price as 5 other widgets would not
       | work. Critical that the good isn't strictly inferior to the
       | competition, like has or licensed an innovation that gives it at
       | very least a story which cheaper widgets aren't always better, or
       | that it defies the limits of the product category.
       | 
       | So that was going to be a piece of mathematical theory, like give
       | robust and consistent advice on when to undercut and when to
       | instead elevate the product with a unique price. Hey, some people
       | want whatever they can buy with some amount of money they have,
       | others think the game is about buying the middle-of-the-road
       | good, that that is most reasonable. Others will say what matters
       | is the brand or how hot the tech is, if protected that provides a
       | huge margin always, no need to undercut. Instead when they are
       | recognized they can raise the price to be distinguished.
       | 
       | I had it working mostly. Gave consistent answers never got to $23
       | million books. Kept the prices stable.
        
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