[HN Gopher] EmuTOS - Free OS for Atari ST and more
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       EmuTOS - Free OS for Atari ST and more
        
       Author : lproven
       Score  : 99 points
       Date   : 2022-09-18 13:03 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (emutos.sourceforge.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (emutos.sourceforge.io)
        
       | cmrdporcupine wrote:
       | Just want to say the amount of amazing work that goes into this
       | project is fantastic. They've taken the original Digital Research
       | x86/PC GEM/GEMDOS sources and.. reworked them to basically
       | duplicate all the work Atari did back in 1984/85 on their ST/68k
       | port. Plus bug fixes. Plus pretty much all the feature work Atari
       | did after that. Plus modernizing the code generally. Plus their
       | own new features. Plus making it work on ColdFire systems (eval
       | boards & the Firebee). Plus making it work on the Amiga and other
       | 68k systems. All the while keeping it compatible, fitting in a
       | 192k ROM.
       | 
       | It _started_ as a ROM image for ST emulators (hence the name) but
       | has actually become an excellent open sourced GPL 'd GUI
       | operating system for 68k computers, obviously especially the
       | Atari ST.
       | 
       | It's a labour of love and the project maintainers do a great job.
       | It's better than Atari's original ROM TOS while still maintaining
       | absolutely excellent compatibility.
        
       | tfrutuoso wrote:
       | Glad to see these old computers getting some love.
        
       | marcodiego wrote:
       | Although of little commercial value, this shows the power of an
       | open platform. Current smartphones are thousand times more
       | powerful than the old Atari ST, nevertheless, you won't be able
       | to do anything useful or fun with them a few years after support
       | ends because you can't easily replace its software/rom/firmware.
        
       | justapassenger wrote:
        
         | justapassenger wrote:
        
         | lproven wrote:
         | I think you're missing the point.
         | 
         | In fact, while I don't want to be mean, you're missing two or
         | possibly _three_ different points... among which are the
         | reasons I posted this link.
         | 
         | [1] It's not that TOS is less advanced than AmigaOS. Yes it is,
         | and anyone who knows them realises that, but that's not the
         | issue here. The issue is that this FOSS project has brought
         | these two platforms together after about 35 years, and that's
         | both really technologically impressive and also just plain fun.
         | 
         | [2] It means in principle that Amiga owners can run Atari apps,
         | and the ST had some impressive apps.
         | 
         | [3] AROS is great but it's an x86 OS. It doesn't readily run on
         | classic Amigas, or even especially well on the handful of later
         | PowerPC Amigas, AFAIK. It also doesn't run natively on modern
         | RISC hardware, like say the Raspberry Pi.
         | 
         | [4] _But_ because it doesn 't, that's prompted the creation of
         | another really cool FOSS project, Emu68 -- a native 68K
         | emulation environment for Arm, something comparable to Apple's
         | nanokernel for running Classic MacOS on PowerMacs.
         | 
         | https://github.com/michalsc/Emu68
         | 
         | [5] Creating an OS that's as good or even better than the
         | original _while running on original hardware_ is impressive.
         | Improved localisation opens it up to more people. That 's good.
         | It enables reviving vintage kit more easily, and expanding it.
         | That's great.
         | 
         | You were so busy mocking something that you didn't stop to
         | consider all the good sides.
         | 
         | [6] We know TOS was limited. We all know that. OTOH its
         | simplicity enabled this. Its simplicity also was part of why
         | the ST survived as a musicians' tool of choice for decades
         | after it went out of production: super low latencies for music,
         | and so on.
         | 
         | But others knew that TOS was limited, which drove a 3rd party
         | OS market, with products such as MagiC:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MagiC
         | 
         | And MagiC is now FOSS:
         | 
         | https://gitlab.com/AndreasK/Atari-Mac-MagiC-Sources
         | 
         | Which is good, but OTOH, it's not attracted much interest or
         | development, AFAICS...
         | 
         | Whereas EmuTOS is now on v 1.21 and is seeing new releases
         | several times a year. This is great, and is one reason I posted
         | it.
         | 
         | [7] The limitations of TOS are also what prompted the
         | development of MINT, and that's FOSS too, and it's quite
         | mature:
         | 
         | https://github.com/totalspectrum/atari-mint
         | 
         | And it has distros, such as AFROS:
         | 
         | https://aranym.github.io/afros.html
         | 
         | Which you can run on x86 kit:
         | 
         | https://aranym.github.io/
         | 
         | All of which is amazing work.
         | 
         | So, yes, while you just wanted to do some advocacy, you missed
         | a huge amount of great work by a committed community.
         | 
         | Not cool, dude.
         | 
         | Leave the Amiga-v-ST hate in the 1980s where it belonged. It
         | wasn't very welcome then. They're both great computers. But
         | hey, then the fans were children, so they can be excused.
         | 
         | In 2022, they can't.
        
           | chris_j wrote:
           | Re [7] and the MiNT kernel/OS:
           | 
           | If you're interested in running MiNT on your old Atari
           | hardware (or emulator) then https://freemint.github.io/ is
           | the project website.
           | 
           | And if you want to run it on the Aranym emulator then
           | EasyAraMint is a good place to start:
           | https://sites.google.com/site/beebox68k/operating-
           | system/os/...
           | 
           | I only recently tried FreeMiNT for the first time. It's a
           | really weird feeling to come back to the Atari platform and
           | see something that looks familiar but has been updated and
           | dragged, if not into the present day then into the late 90s
           | at least. Gone is most of the CP/M heritage of the original
           | TOS; instead, it's a UNIX-like OS with a lot of the GNU
           | userland. For me, using it is exciting like using Linux in
           | the late 90s was exciting. It just leaves me feeling rather
           | sad that Atari exited the computer market before the OS was
           | quite ready and the community had to finish the job.
           | 
           | (And if you're wondering how this is relevant to EmuTOS,
           | well, EmuTOS is used as part of the boot process.)
        
           | justapassenger wrote:
        
             | cmrdporcupine wrote:
             | It's good to hear that Amiga users are finally getting
             | their act together and doing the open source thing after
             | years of fighting over who was going to make a few pennies
             | off the dated corpse of AmigaOS.
             | 
             | In the meantime, your tone is inappropriate for a post
             | about an open source volunteer run project. And, no, the
             | original title was not inaccurate or misleading. EmuTOS
             | runs on Amigas and works fine on them. That you have some
             | chip on your shoulder that someone might accidentally run
             | it instead of AmigaOS (?! as if) is your own concern.
             | 
             | Finally, as for TOS being some woefully inferior garbage
             | product that AmigaOS dwarfs in its inelegancy is
             | ridiculous. It's fairer to say that both are products of an
             | early 80s mindset just in different ways.
             | 
             | Yes, AmigaOS has proper multitasking. But it also had no
             | memory protection for a long time (ever?), and from I
             | remember doesn't use the 68k's TRAP syscall mechanism to
             | perfom syscalls. It had no real standard GUI toolkit to
             | start. It had some real sexy stuff, but also some missing
             | stuff.
             | 
             | TOS/GEM was not multitasking, and was built to run things
             | single process apart from the cooperative multitasking in
             | desk accessories; _but_ GEM explicitly has APIs designed
             | for a multitasking environment and was built to do so
             | _later_. Interprocess mailboxes and events. Concepts of
             | process /workstation handles, etc. Hooks that later
             | revisions to the OS built on. Why didn't they do it right
             | away? Because at that point, on an 8mhz 68000 with 512kB of
             | RAM this was, frankly, mostly silly.
             | 
             | It's nice the Amiga did multitasking, and the hardware was
             | clearly awesome. But the lack of timeslicing (and the cheap
             | beautiful monochrome monitor, DOS compatible floppies,
             | etc.) actually made the ST more appropriate as a
             | productivity machine in the context of e.g. music studios.
             | 
             | Other poster is right: leave the weird sectarian platform
             | battles in the 80s. It was silly then but it looks even
             | more ridiculous now.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | > It's good to hear that Amiga users are finally getting
               | their act together and doing the open source thing
               | 
               | AROS has been around since the 90's. I remember when
               | Aaron Digulla first posted about it on
               | comp.sys.amiga.misc around ~'93 or so. It's not instead
               | of the fighting over AmigaOS, but in addition to it.
               | Different people.
               | 
               | > Because at that point, on an 8mhz 68000 with 512kB of
               | RAM this was, frankly, mostly silly.
               | 
               | The Amiga showed it wasn't silly at all. We used the
               | multitasking heavily. I _usually_ had multiple
               | productivity apps up at once, alongside music players and
               | other stuff.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | The MagiC stuff was unfortunately just opened sourced 15 or
           | more years too late.
           | 
           | And also, AFAIK, it's mostly written in assembler.
           | 
           | It would be a gargantuan task to turn it into something that
           | other people could maintain and contribute to, I suspect. Let
           | alone get it running nicely on ColdFire etc. etc.
        
             | lproven wrote:
             | Re the timing, yes, I agree. But, remarkably, it was still
             | on sale for a long time. I think I obtained an eval or
             | review copy of it at some point, but I didn't really know
             | what to do with it -- my ST experience is fairly minimal.
             | :-(
             | 
             | I suspect, but do not know, that part of what killed it
             | might have been the Mac OS X migration to Intel (and around
             | the same time, Windows' move to 64-bit). I think MagiC ran
             | on PowerMacs and used some of the OS's 68K-to-PowerPC
             | translation somehow, but that stopped working after Snow
             | Leopard.
             | 
             | I didn't know what it was written in, but I can say I'm not
             | shocked. ;-)
        
               | cmrdporcupine wrote:
               | I was kind of hoping maybe there'd be stuff in their VDI
               | implementation that the EmuTOS people could maybe work
               | from to maybe improve some VDI performance or
               | flexibility. But I don't think it got on anybody's radar.
               | 
               | Now you have me browsing through their VDI sources, damn
               | you! https://gitlab.com/AndreasK/Atari-Mac-MagiC-
               | Sources/-/tree/m...
               | 
               | :-)
               | 
               | And yes, I believe MagiC naturally didn't survive the
               | transition from PowerPC to x86. I'm surprised it survived
               | 68k to PowerPC, TBH.
               | 
               | I never used MagiC back in the day, it came after my
               | Atari days were over. But I've played with it since and
               | it's really quite impressive. Definitely an imaginable
               | alternative Atari timeline there.
        
         | snvzz wrote:
         | TOS is literally a dogshit, brain-damaged OS design. But I
         | still appreciate being able to run the open emuTOS on my Amiga.
         | 
         | And while I like AmigaOS, dos.library (TripOS-derived) is awful
         | and doesn't match the rest of AmigaOS. Of course, it still is
         | better than anything TOS and its CP/M heritage, but I wouldn't
         | dare call it good.
         | 
         | V36 onwards, dos.library was made much more sane, but it
         | unfortunately has to still be compatible with older
         | dos.library, forever.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | It's not dogshit, it's appropriate to the resource
           | constrained use cases of the time.
           | 
           | But also, "TOS" really means three separate cooperating
           | things:
           | 
           | 1. GEMDOS, which is sorta the bastard child of MS-DOS and
           | CP/M but foisted onto the 68k. And yeah, it's a bit
           | braindamaged; it has the feeling of something DR threw
           | together to get GEM working on non-MSDOS environments ASAP,
           | and there's parts of it directly copied from CP/M 68k, I
           | believe. But it also made porting from DOS and CP/M really
           | easy.
           | 
           | 2. VDI, an actually quite nice (for the time) graphics
           | abstraction system with a concept of multiple devices and
           | 'workstations' (drawing endpoints). E.g. same syscalls could
           | in theory drive a monitor, a plotter, a laser printer, etc.
           | Mostly incomplete on the ST, but the underlying concept
           | actually quite nice and not really seen on the PCs til a long
           | time later. I am not sure the Amiga had an equivalent.
           | 
           | 3. AES ("application environment services"); concepts of
           | event mailboxes and events and messages, higher level
           | application APIs, mixed up with a rather low-level (but at
           | least consistent) GUI toolkit. Unfort, it's really what I'd
           | call the syscall-side of a UI toolkit, missing the... user
           | space side. It's asbent the right abstractions to make using
           | it _easy_ (handling redraws, standardized event loops  /
           | registering common event handlers, etc).
           | 
           | Anyways, I'd argue actual GEM -- the last two parts -- was
           | actually quite elegant. Just never finished. And also it had
           | to fit in a 192kB ROM.
           | 
           | Atari actually made some real good strides in the early 90s
           | to finish it off ("MultiTOS" based on MiNT etc). But too
           | late.
        
       | DominoTree wrote:
       | I can't say enough good things about this project and its
       | developers. A year or two ago, I decided to write a driver to
       | allow EmuTOS to use the RTC found in Jookie's excellent
       | UltraSatan hard drive emulator.
       | 
       | They took the time to do a bunch of hand-holding on the mailing
       | list, and worked with me until the driver, along with some minor
       | restructuring to how things were handled with external RTCs, were
       | working and merged.
       | 
       | I use it pretty-much exclusively on my (currently 8) ST variants.
       | It's a much nicer desktop experience, and brings all sorts of
       | cool features to the table such as (some level of) FAT32 support.
       | It's also been ported to a crazy list of M68K systems including
       | the Apple Lisa.
       | 
       | Development is still very active, and things are being improved
       | and added all the time.
        
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       (page generated 2022-09-18 23:01 UTC)