[HN Gopher] Shopify lets staff decide cash-stock pay mix as shar...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Shopify lets staff decide cash-stock pay mix as shares dive
        
       Author : jbredeche
       Score  : 190 points
       Date   : 2022-09-16 13:56 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bloomberg.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bloomberg.com)
        
       | trynewideas wrote:
       | My experience is probably not relevant to the audience here, but
       | having worked at startups largely in non-engineering support
       | roles that got smaller or heavily diluted grants, I've lost about
       | $3,000 on options in 10 years in tech.
       | 
       | I paid in $17,500 at two places where I had vested any options,
       | all ISOs, and cashed out ~$14,500: broke even on an IPO at $7,500
       | vested, and lost $3k of $10k after the company was sold for less
       | per share than the strike price of my options.
       | 
       | If I had stayed at the IPO'd company longer I could've gotten a
       | higher-class of option, but my salary there was $15k/year less
       | than the bootstrapped no-equity company I left them for, and the
       | returns over two years of vesting would've still been less than
       | one year of difference in salary.
       | 
       | At most of the places I worked, I either didn't make enough money
       | or experienced too much external financial distress to actually
       | buy all of the options I vested. Which is good, because none of
       | them appreciated and most depreciated in value by 20%. If I had
       | exercised all of my vested options I would've lost up to another
       | $5-7k - at best I would have lost another $2-3k.
       | 
       | The only RSUs I was ever offered vested 2 weeks after I left a
       | job that I'd had for almost six years, for a role elsewhere
       | paying $25k/year more. The RSUs were a surprise bonus worth less
       | than $5,000 and tacked onto everyone at the company, including
       | roles that had already gotten larger RSU grants. If I had stayed
       | two weeks longer and vested them, then when the company sold they
       | would've been worth less than $4,000. Between the salary
       | difference, a much smaller insurance deductible at the new job,
       | and a 4x larger 401k match, I had effectively made up the
       | difference by my fourth paycheck (eight weeks) just on salary.
       | 
       | On my experience I'd take the cash every single time. Reading the
       | replies here, it seems like engineers, managers, and early hires
       | live in a completely different reality regarding equity.
        
         | htrp wrote:
         | I think the answer is that for everybody who brags about the
         | equity package there are 9 other people who don't talk about
         | the underwater options or the losses they ended up taking
        
       | mabbo wrote:
       | In no way do I speak for my employer, but on a personal level,
       | this has been amazing for me and I'm so grateful the company did
       | this.
       | 
       | I'm very conservative about investing, and don't want to have a
       | large amount of my portfolio tied up in the company I work for.
       | I'm maxed out on cash (there's a minimum equity portion at my
       | level) and my additional income goes into a broader portfolio of
       | investments.
        
         | maerF0x0 wrote:
         | Its a very efficient thing for them to do too if ultimately
         | you're just going to sell all and then reinvest.
         | 
         | Ideally they would have started this program at a high stock
         | price, but now better than never.
        
         | MEMORYC_RRUPTED wrote:
         | Same here.
         | 
         | It's also nice that I happen to live in a country that gives a
         | tax break on your (monetary, not stock) income, so that makes
         | the choice for money even easier.
         | 
         | Reinvest it in an index fund, and forget about it. Yeah, I
         | might miss out on significant gains, but I might also not. Less
         | risk for a reasonable yield.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | >don't want to have a large amount of my portfolio tied up in
         | the company I work for.
         | 
         | Just before the .com bust a company I worked for decided to
         | remove the option for employees to just dump their 401k
         | contributions into company stock, and removed the option to
         | direct a massive % of their paycheck into the company stock
         | purchase plan. (I believe some of these limits became law later
         | on but at the time it was legal)
         | 
         | Some folks got really upset by that. The argument at that time
         | was "we don't to be a part of employees suddenly being broke if
         | things go south".
         | 
         | About a year later they were right, things went south. Our
         | stock did sorta well in the long term (not great short term of
         | course), but IMO it was a good choice.
        
           | mabbo wrote:
           | This is a large part of why I feel this way.
           | 
           | I grew up near Ottawa, and had a lot of friends whose parents
           | worked at Nortel. They were compensated with a lot of stock,
           | which they held onto (it keeps rising, after all). Their
           | pension plan was mostly invested in the company stock too.
           | 
           | When the company fell apart (let's set aside whose fault that
           | is- different topic), they lost their jobs, their savings,
           | their pensions, in their 40s and early 50s mostly.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | Yeah I knew some folks at the time (.com days) who had life
             | changing type money in company stock and they were able to
             | sell a good portion of it at will. They didn't sell... it
             | did not work out for them.
             | 
             | To this day I don't get why they didn't sell at least say
             | $1million and stash it someplace. Sure let the rest ride if
             | you want to do that but man save some. I never asked them
             | about it after their company tanked, I imagine they don't
             | want to think about it.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | People can feel it's "disloyal".
               | 
               | So keep some but don't keep all!
        
             | AYBABTME wrote:
             | It boggles my mind when people vest RSUs and just leave
             | them there, hold onto their employers' stock and don't sell
             | & diversify. The RSU vesting day is equivalent to having
             | bought the stock on that day, there's no tax advantage to
             | holding onto it. Whether at SHOP or at AMZN/MSFT/GOOG, why
             | keep all your eggs in the same basket?
             | 
             | And yet the average person does exactly that.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Let alone, a lot of people seem to think that they get
               | the lower capital gains tax on the RSUs... and most
               | companies fail miserably to educate their employees.
               | 
               | Not to mention the horror that is the tax code in US,
               | causing you to underpay taxes... because the company that
               | does RSUs doesn't communicate well with your regular
               | payroll company.
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endowment_effect
        
               | Macha wrote:
               | Yeah, even if I think my company will do well, having a
               | large part of my net worth tied up in stock of my
               | employer always feels a bit of an "eggs in one basket"
               | scenario - if something happens to majorly impact the
               | stock value, there's a decent change it will consequently
               | impact my job security.
        
           | gadders wrote:
           | It's 14 years since Lehmans went bust. Plenty of people there
           | lost their wage and their investments (in Lehmans stock) when
           | the company went under.
           | 
           | Stock options can be great, but you need to be aware of the
           | concentration risk.
        
           | mym1990 wrote:
           | Isn't one benefit of these programs(from the employer side)
           | that employees are more directly tied to company outcomes,
           | and thus will put out better work/product? Of course one
           | person won't shift the stock price, but as a collective, over
           | time, it certainly would.
        
             | duxup wrote:
             | I think it is, but the question is how much of an incentive
             | do you want (some) but maybe not overwhelming incentive
             | where a bad quarter is completely demoralizing or worse...
        
             | JAlexoid wrote:
             | That's just unsubstantiated claim.
        
               | mym1990 wrote:
               | Hence the wondering part, I personally have never been in
               | such a structure, so I don't have first hand experience.
               | BUT from everything that I have read, extrinsic
               | motivation such as "work harder so your company does
               | better so your stock goes up" doesn't seem like it would
               | really hold up for too long.
        
       | fiat_fandango wrote:
       | I think the better move for most of these folks is to wring as
       | much cash as they can out of their current gig at Shopify and
       | trade up to a new gig with a fresh stock grant at basically any
       | other company. Joining G / Meta right now gives you incredible
       | leverage if things bottom out any time soon.
        
       | amrocha wrote:
       | https://twitter.com/tobi/status/1570791158691012610
       | 
       | It's funny seeing the example they give has total comp at 200K
       | considering that a year ago they were still paying less than 100K
       | USD (sightly over 100K CAD) for senior staff
        
         | danbrooks wrote:
         | I interviewed with Shopify earlier this year and they were
         | offering ~200k for "Senior" tech positions.
        
           | amrocha wrote:
           | Glad to hear it! I remember reading news that they increased
           | pay across the board. Probably to deal with the exodus of
           | fully vested senior staff that happened during covid.
        
       | mugivarra69 wrote:
       | i think tobi needs to talk to his shopifolks
        
         | thoraway8474637 wrote:
         | Tobi doesn't talk to anyone anymore - they literally cancelled
         | the weekly all-hands so he didn't have to speak to us.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | xal wrote:
       | Added some additional information here:
       | https://twitter.com/tobi/status/1570791158691012610
       | 
       | It's a really great system. We recommend that people borrow from
       | it liberally.
        
         | knrz wrote:
         | When people ask about what it's like doing tokenomics for
         | crypto projects, well, it's an exercise in applied systems
         | design. Bravo on this system man! Any plans on open sourcing
         | some of the stuff, like the math?
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | shabbatt wrote:
       | Personally if I was a shopify employee and I was looking at all
       | these layoffs coinciding with rate rises with more to come, I
       | would think liquidity will quickly dry up and opt for cash.
       | 
       | I am open to rebuttals but I'm hearing that we will be seeing
       | double digit interest rates again like the 70s.
        
         | Shindi wrote:
         | I guess it depends on your financial goals. I'm a younger big
         | tech employee that has at times seen my income drop in half.
         | However, I personally believe tech will have a massive rebound
         | in the next 2-10 years and long term capital gains tax is
         | really nice.
        
       | mmastrac wrote:
       | I obviously don't want to give financial advice, but every time
       | I've traded cash for stock in comp it's worked out for me in
       | spades in the long run. This doesn't happen for everyone, it
       | might not happen for you, but it's been very good to me on three
       | separate occasions.
       | 
       | Just remember that it's terribly illiquid and you're going to
       | doubt your decision, potentially up to a decade later.
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | Do you mean "traded cash for stock"?
        
           | mmastrac wrote:
           | Yeah, fixed it in my comment - thanks!
        
           | Nifty3929 wrote:
           | I guess it's a bit ambiguous which direction you mean, either
           | way. Maybe "gave up stock in exchange for cash" or vice
           | versa?
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | If you did this at any time in the last 10 years you were
         | probably rewarded handsomely. However the macro environment has
         | significantly changed and I don't think your past behavior
         | would be predictive of future performance.
        
           | mjr00 wrote:
           | For the tech sector it's really been more like the last 22
           | years. There hasn't been an extended downturn in US tech
           | stock since the original dot-com bubble. The 2008 recession
           | ended up being a 1-2 year blip. The COVID contraction was
           | extremely brief. By comparison, if you invested in the NASDAQ
           | in 1999/2000, you'd need to wait 12-14 years to break even.
           | 
           | I don't have a crystal ball, of course, but to me things are
           | looking a lot closer to 2000 than 2008.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | zibby8 wrote:
             | But did the bubble already burst in tech? Valuations are
             | very low right now. I don't think we're necessarily at the
             | bottom yet, but I think the worst has already come to pass.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | > Valuations are very low right now.
               | 
               | Very low compared to what?
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | In the specific case of Shopify, stock value is 20% of
               | what it was a year ago, and 80% of what it was a month
               | ago. Isn't that what's relevant?
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | Not when the discussion in this sub-thread was about the
               | "tech sector". (And it's not obvious if the valuation of
               | Shopify is "very low".)
        
               | leviathant wrote:
               | Shopify's explosive stock growth always struck me as kind
               | of scammy - or to be more charitable, the results of a
               | very well targeted marketing campaign. It's back to where
               | it should be - along the way, VTEX and BigCommerce jumped
               | on the IPO train at exactly the wrong time. Everyone was
               | sniffing their own farts in that sector for the last two
               | years. Glad to see it come back down to earth.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | anm89 wrote:
               | Companies that lose money have gone from trading at a
               | multiple of infinity to earnings, all the way down to a
               | multiple of infinity on earnings...
        
               | boringg wrote:
               | Lots left to go down. Think of the global events right
               | now - all we need is one or two more destabilizing events
               | and we're in a bigger heap than we are currently.
               | 
               | The bubble may have burst but doesn't mean you've
               | bottomed. Still haven't seen many companies go belly up
               | or VC fund shutdown. All we've seen is valuations drop
               | and some layoff but not big layoffs and also the
               | valuation dropped from their spectacular highs so its all
               | relative.
        
               | mjr00 wrote:
               | Nobody can predict the bottom, or how low things will go.
               | 
               | But I disagree that valuations are very low. Frankly,
               | many tech companies (Uber, Twitter, etc) are still
               | unprofitable money-losing machines with high valuations
               | because of their potential growth and expectations of
               | future profitability. There's an argument these companies
               | should be worth much, much less.
               | 
               | For the past ~10 years in particular, investors haven't
               | cared about profitability; a market downturn may change
               | that.
               | 
               | Also, as the recession or depression continues,
               | advertising is going to get scaled back and may destroy
               | ad-tech companies like Alphabet/Google and Facebook.
               | 
               | Your prediction is as good as mine, of course. But I'm a
               | bear, expecting a river of blood to flow through the
               | streets of Silicon Valley.
        
               | zibby8 wrote:
               | I agree with your general assessment of the economy, but
               | those are all factors everyone knows.
               | 
               | The adjustment we saw earlier this year was going from
               | "the economy is booming and interest rates will be 0
               | forever" to "interest rates are going to 4% and we're
               | going to have a recession." That's an absolutely massive
               | adjustment in expectations and stock prices, especially
               | of high growth tech companies, reflect that adjustment.
               | 
               | In order for valuations to drop substantially further, a
               | similar expectation adjustment would need to happen.
               | Something like "I thought we were going to have a
               | recession but now it's worse than the Great Depression".
               | Simply adjusting expectations from "minor recession" to
               | "moderate recession" isn't big enough to crater the
               | markets like we saw earlier this year.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | Look at how a _lot_ of valuations dropped during dot-
               | bomb. 50% is nothing.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | I agree with your point, however there has been plenty of
               | 70-80% (or worse) destruction as well.
               | 
               | Fiverr -88%, Fastly -92%, Pinterest -72%, Zoom -87%,
               | Shopify -82%, Roku -85%, DocuSign -82%, Twilio -84%,
               | Virgin Galactic -91%, DraftKings -75%, Palantir -82%,
               | Coinbase -80%, Robinhood -88%, Rivian -78%, Roblox -72%,
               | Unity -83%, Nikola -94%, Peloton -94%, Snap -86%,
               | Square/Block -73%, Zillow -84%, Teladoc -90%, UiPath
               | -84%, Affirm -83%, SoFi -75%, DigitalOcean -70%, Asana
               | -83%, Okta -80%
               | 
               | That's in the realm of a dotcom bubble style implosion.
               | There are plenty of other prominent names to add to that
               | list. Having lived through the dotcom destruction, this
               | rhymes, even if it's not exactly the same.
        
               | mjr00 wrote:
               | Very true. But the crazy thing is, in the opinion of many
               | people, these companies were so overvalued that -80%
               | feels like a "correction" more than a "crash".
               | 
               | Like Nikola is down 94%, but it's still worth $3 billion
               | on paper. This is for an electric vehicle company that
               | staged a video of one of their vehicles being driven,
               | only for us to learn in a fraud trial that it was rolling
               | down a hill, with the excuse that they never claimed the
               | vehicle was moving under its own power, just that it was
               | "in motion." The company is worth nothing at the moment;
               | any "worth" it currently has is a speculative bet that it
               | will eventually produce something of value.
               | 
               | We need to start seeing the GOOG, META, AMZN, etc. stocks
               | tank 80% before we can compare to the dotcom bubble, IMO.
        
         | jacques_chester wrote:
         | "Every time I've traded cash for winning lotto tickets it's
         | worked out for me in spades in the long run."
        
           | wikfwikf wrote:
           | https://xkcd.com/1827/
        
         | nyokodo wrote:
         | > it's been very good to me on three separate occasions.
         | 
         | Were those occasions during the mass retirement of the boomer
         | generation leading to accelerating liquidation of stock market
         | positions while the replacement generations are inadequate in
         | number to replace the retirees during the collapse of
         | globalization likely causing drops in worker productivity? Or
         | were they during the longest stock market bull run in history?
        
         | neon_electro wrote:
         | My data point is the opposite, the one time I accepted equity
         | in the form of options, stayed 4 years to vest it all, and got
         | lucky where the company was acquired, the payout before taxes
         | was worth less than if I had simply negotiated an additional
         | $10k before taxes on my salary.
         | 
         | I'm not optimistic for future employers offering me equity
         | actually worth more than cash over the 4 years it takes to
         | vest.
        
         | shabbatt wrote:
         | When they were printing money endlessly and rates were low,
         | your strategy is sound. However, the house of cards is now
         | crumbling and there is no end in sight to rate rises.
         | 
         | My hedge fund manager friend for a private family office is
         | saying we will see double digit rates by end of 2023. If you
         | believe this then you know what to do. If not, you should at
         | least think what such macro conditions would do to liquidity.
        
           | triceratops wrote:
           | Sounds like the thing to do now is sell everything vested so
           | far, then hodl new vests. Falling prices means the vests will
           | hit with lower income (and smaller tax bill) but are likely
           | to go up when interest rates fall again.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | Considering they're pushing 75% in Argentina, 10% sounds like
           | a deal.
        
           | UncleMeat wrote:
           | Is your hedge fund manager friend shorting bond funds like
           | crazy? If not, why not?
        
             | shabbatt wrote:
             | One would think so but he is cash and says he is unsure. He
             | thinks that inflation may not be curbed even with low
             | double digit rates!
        
           | its_bbq wrote:
           | ELI Financially Illiterate. What do high Fed interest rates
           | mean in this case?
        
             | Sebguer wrote:
             | People invest more in companies when interest rates are
             | low, because shoving it into lower risk vehicles becomes
             | less profitable / likely to beat inflation. As interest
             | rates rise, the value of safer places to put your money,
             | such as bonds, increases.
             | 
             | This is the super simple version.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Also money market returns are significantly higher.
        
             | helge9210 wrote:
             | Stock price is calculated as a sum of future cash flows
             | (dividends D, for example) discounted by time value of
             | money (risk free rate r, for example): sum(P_n), where P_n
             | = D / (1 + r) ^ n and n is a year. When rate r is up P
             | automatically down.
        
             | matwood wrote:
             | When the risk free rate goes up (which is what happens when
             | the fed increases rates), then risk gets re-priced across
             | all assets.
        
             | dahfizz wrote:
             | It means that there will be less investment cash pumping up
             | the valuation of startups.
             | 
             | High rates means that there is less liquidity overall
             | (people don't want to borrow money and invest it), and it
             | means that there are decent alternatives to investigating
             | in startups (if T bonds pay 10% guaranteed, why burn cash
             | on a company that will probably fail?)
        
             | rchaud wrote:
             | - Higher int rates make it more expensive for companies to
             | borrow, and to invest in additional production capacity.
             | Depending on the company, this can cause their stock price
             | to decline as lower investment usually signals lower
             | revenue growth in the future.
             | 
             | - Higher int rates also encourage consumers to put money
             | into savings accounts and bonds instead of stock markets,
             | which lowers demand for stocks --> lower stock prices -->
             | market indices fall as well (S&P500, Dow Jones Industrial
             | Average). Movements in these indices are considered a
             | barometer for the broader economy.
        
             | baq wrote:
             | it'd mean your savings account would beat the S&P500 (after
             | it finds a bottom obviously; this year having cash in a 0%
             | savings account has been amazing!).
        
             | shabbatt wrote:
             | It means the stream of capital being injected into
             | companies, startups, incubators is inversely correlated to
             | fed interest rates.
             | 
             | Likewise for real estate sector, the monthly mortgage
             | payments increase as rates rise and that puts a big strain
             | on the mortgage holder to continue.
             | 
             | Now instead of real estate, think startups, stocks, tech.
             | Everybody is beholden to the obligations at the rate
             | dictated by the fed.
        
         | cortesoft wrote:
         | It depends on what stage your company is, but the vast majority
         | of start ups fail... so for most people at startups, cash is
         | going to be much more reliable. I worked at two startups prior
         | to my current job that both went out of business. I had a few
         | opportunities to take more equity or cash, and I'm glad I took
         | cash every time. I would have gotten zero if I took the equity.
        
         | bushbaba wrote:
         | This is the same as statistically from loading a 401k out
         | performs DCA throughout the year.
         | 
         | Sure this year sucks, but if only 1-2 years out of 8 perform
         | worse, BUT 6-7 years you perform better. Then holistically
         | you're still better off.
         | 
         | When you invest look at the long term not short term.
        
           | bumby wrote:
           | Isn't this dependent on timing and isn't part of the point of
           | DCA to mitigate timing risks?
           | 
           | E.g., If I loaded my 401k just before the bottom fell out of
           | the market, you need a much higher proportion of good years
           | to dig out from that hole. With DCA, you would have a
           | shallower hole to climb out of.
           | 
           | (Possible I misinterpreting what you meant, or that I am just
           | not financially saavy enough to chime in)
        
             | UncleMeat wrote:
             | But on average the market goes up. You _can_ lose with lump
             | sum investment as early as possible. But you will be more
             | likely to lose by waiting and only slowly purchasing in.
             | The value of DCA is in emotional regulation since it
             | softens swings at the cost of reduced expected value.
        
         | time_to_smile wrote:
         | > it's terribly illiquid
         | 
         | I'm amazed at how many people that get a significant portion of
         | their comp as RSUs hang on to their shares after vesting.
         | 
         | During this insane bull market it's happened to work out, but
         | having your income and a major portion (for most tech workers)
         | of your assets perfectly correlated is absolutely a bad
         | investment idea, not to mention the fact that you can only
         | trade during approved windows and are not allowed to do any
         | hedging (such as buying protective puts).
         | 
         | Even if you're wildly bullish on your company, at the very
         | least diversify a bit with highly correlated stocks (for
         | example if you're a GOOG during the last decade at least split
         | it up among other FAANG). This way you can at least protect
         | yourself in the event that your particular company gets hit
         | hard.
         | 
         | It's incredible how far away the dotcom burst is in people's
         | minds (or even 2008). Cheap money has led to an insane period
         | of growth in tech, but investing as though that were the norm
         | is very risky (without even optimizing your reward for that
         | risk).
        
           | rahimnathwani wrote:
           | Endowment effect.
        
             | jacques_chester wrote:
             | Or simulation heuristic:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_heuristic
        
               | rahimnathwani wrote:
               | Yeah. I didn't know the name for this, but have seen it.
        
           | muglug wrote:
           | The best financial decision I ever made was to sell my shares
           | after vesting.
           | 
           | I realised that even if I believed in the long-term business
           | model of the company, having a significant portion of my
           | money tied up with a single stock was not a good idea.
           | 
           | It would have still been a good idea _even if_ those shares
           | hadn 't lost 90% of their value in the following year.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | I was working for a major tech company--definitely not a
           | startup during dot-comb. I had some amount of vested shares
           | which seemed a lot at the time. I spent some but held onto a
           | few tens of K$. Stock went down from over $100 at peak to
           | about $4. By years later had recovered to about $25-and then
           | Dell acquired for a premium.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | turtlebits wrote:
           | Tech base salaries are so high that it's easy to keep RSUs.
           | Also, IME, within the last ~18+ years it's been extremely
           | beneficial to hang onto them.
        
             | AYBABTME wrote:
             | There's literally no advantage to hang onto them, versus
             | selling them on vest day and reinvesting in a wide set of
             | tech stocks (if that's what you want to invest into).
        
               | breput wrote:
               | I generally agree with selling as soon as possible but
               | there are some significant capital gains tax advantages
               | for holding vested RSUs for a year. 15 to 20% vs. 32 to
               | 37%.
        
               | AYBABTME wrote:
               | Actually there isn't, other commenter explains why.
        
               | ryanwaggoner wrote:
               | They're taxed as ordinary income when they vest, and only
               | gains and losses from that point are considered capital
               | gains or losses. And your cost basis is the value they
               | vest at, so it's no different than getting cash and
               | buying those shares immediately. No special advantage to
               | holding for a year vs any other stock you acquire with
               | cash.
        
               | breput wrote:
               | > They're taxed as ordinary income when they vest
               | 
               | That's correct, whether you sell them immediately or hold
               | them.
               | 
               | > and only gains and losses from that point are
               | considered capital gains or losses
               | 
               | That is also correct and was my original point. If you
               | sell immediately, you've already paid the (personal
               | income rate) tax and you're done. But if you don't sell
               | immediately, waiting a year is preferable so you are able
               | to claim the long term capital gain rate instead of
               | paying the short term/income rate.
        
               | ryanwaggoner wrote:
               | But those benefits and trade-offs have nothing to do with
               | RSUs, it's just how all stocks are treated. And thus not
               | relevant to a consideration of whether to hold RSUs or
               | sell immediately on vest.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Selling them instantly also protects you from selling
               | based on insider knowledge later (most employees won't
               | really hit this but who knows).
        
               | hedora wrote:
               | There is an advantage if you are in the middle of a tech
               | rally, and the other option is the investing in whole
               | market.
               | 
               | All you need to do is time the next downturn...
               | 
               | I have (and continue to) err on the side of
               | diversification. Without fail, I have simultaneously
               | regretted it and done better than colleagues that held
               | and tried to time the market.
               | 
               | I could have realisitically made 2x what I did. However,
               | I also could have made half as much (and know people that
               | did halve their income playing these games). Halving my
               | income would have had a much bigger impact than doubling
               | it.
        
               | time_to_smile wrote:
               | There's still no advantage in a tech rally, you'd be
               | _far_ better of reinvesting highly correlated companies,
               | where you have much more liquidity (since you 're not
               | only allow to sell during trading windows) and you also
               | are allowed to perform better hedging in the case the
               | market does start to get shaky, plus your portfolio will
               | not drop based on the possible misstep of a single
               | company.
               | 
               | > I have (and continue to) err on the side of
               | diversification
               | 
               | I'm in the same camp as you, and the point I always make
               | is that: If I'm wrong and our company stock sky rockets,
               | beating everyone else in the market, then great! I still
               | have unvested RSUs, we'll get larger bonuses, plus my job
               | security has increased, sure I missed out on even more
               | gain but I'm in a good place!
               | 
               | If I'm right, and something bad happens to my employer,
               | at least my loses will be reduced by my other
               | investments. I don't have to worry about everything
               | falling apart at once.
               | 
               | Which I suppose is the entire point of variance reduction
               | in the first place: it makes the great times a bit less
               | great, but also makes the worse times not so bad.
        
       | tensor wrote:
       | One crucial thing not often talked about with this plan is that
       | the stock is granted and vests _quarterly_. In fact, the amount
       | of stock you get each quarter is also variable. E.g. if you
       | choose to have 100k of equity each year, each quarter you get
       | whatever amount of units equates to 25k of stock.
       | 
       | So what they've done is nearly completely untie compensation from
       | the stock price. You neither benefit significantly nor lose
       | significantly as the stock moves around. I've never in my life
       | seen an equity plan like it, and that's not a comment on whether
       | it's good or bad, just that it's unusual.
        
         | gopalv wrote:
         | > they've done is nearly completely untie compensation from the
         | stock price.
         | 
         | Not entirely, they've created a relationship, but it is the
         | opposite of what is normally considered in "line goes up"
         | thinking.
         | 
         | Usually when a company/market does poorly, people don't have a
         | strong reason to stick around as the possible compensation
         | dwindles down.
         | 
         | The stock price on your joining date somewhat controls how many
         | stock items you get. This is mostly luck - your "birth" into
         | the company controls the payout multiple for the next 4 years.
         | 
         | Once the company starts doing poorly, it struggles to justify
         | handing out extra compensation to employees and even if a
         | select few are handed out more stock, it is usually not enough
         | to keep a majority of folks in the building.
         | 
         | So with standard RSU models it'd be a good idea to join a
         | company which is currently rated a BUY, but it is not great to
         | stick around and try to wait for a turn-around if you got RSUs
         | issued in boom times.
         | 
         | The "buy 100k$ every quarter" sort of model flips that thinking
         | around. When the company does poorly, you get to sort of double
         | down your bets on on the recovery path. And if your work pulls
         | off a recovery, then you get rewarded directly for sticking
         | through the bad patch (or if you don't believe in it - sell it
         | the same day you get it and put it in ETFs, but not quit from a
         | pay dip).
         | 
         | Also if the company is "buying" stock with cash intended for an
         | employee instead of issuing it from some pool (also without an
         | RSU discount), then this also has a nice effect of masquerading
         | as a stock-buyback.
         | 
         | So it directly incentivizes people to stick at a company
         | through a bad spot or at least softens that loss of critical
         | talent when the company hits a rough patch without any
         | additional distraction to the board.
        
         | cma wrote:
         | > So what they've done is nearly completely untie compensation
         | from the stock price.
         | 
         | Dirty secret is at somewhere the size of Spotify no normal
         | employee is going to move the stock price on their own to any
         | extent, so these incentivization things even if they were
         | aligned to increasing when the price increases only could
         | incentivize positive behavior towards increasing the stock
         | price if the employee didn't understand tragedy of the commons
         | or something.
        
         | JimmieMcnulty wrote:
         | (One of) the largest retailers in the world also does this, I
         | believe.
        
         | lumost wrote:
         | This might be better for most of employees. Big companies
         | rarely benefit from the standard "lock in folks on the upswing"
         | and "incentivize them to leave on the downswing" that stock
         | grants usually do.
         | 
         | When the stock goes up, difficult conversations emerge when the
         | company realizes it's paying someone the equivalent of an
         | entire team. On the way down it's hard to manage comp
         | expectations. An individual engineer rarely impacts the bottom
         | line in a material way.
         | 
         | Which is to say, if tech workers can demand high six figure pay
         | - it should probably be mostly cash for most public companies
         | and individuals.
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | I have heard of these. I wouldn't accept an offer like this
         | unless the fixed comp was 2-3x normal market value for my
         | services.
         | 
         | (The stock of my employers usually goes up during my vesting
         | periods, and usually by well more than is needed to double my
         | total comp -- the 2-3x is risk adjusted)
        
           | disgruntledphd2 wrote:
           | If your career mostly spans the last decade, it should be
           | noted that this was a really really weird decade in terms of
           | asset appreciation vs inflation.
        
         | foobarian wrote:
         | If there is a vesting start delay then it's still not
         | equivalent to an ESPP. But once you're in the middle of the
         | pipeline I guess it's pretty similar.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | So how is it different than just paying the employee cash and
         | recommending that they buy shopify stock?
         | 
         | Is it just a user friction thing?
        
           | Vvector wrote:
           | Stock Grants are not an "expense" under Generally Accepted
           | Accounting Principles. So by paying in stock, instead of
           | salary, it increases profits on paper. It does help with cash
           | flow and other tangible benefits.
           | 
           | Most employees would be wise to divest much of their company
           | stock as soon as they are allowed. Don't have all your eggs
           | in one basket.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | This is incorrect by almost every reading. (There is a
             | "technically correct" reading that the _grant_ is not an
             | expense, but the _vesting thereof_ is and most of your post
             | is concerned with the  "paying in stock" angle, not the
             | granting of future paying in stock.)
             | 
             | https://carta.com/blog/what-is-asc-718/
             | 
             | https://www.investors.com/news/technology/amazon-stops-
             | prete... (see the third paragraph about $FB)
             | 
             | What you might be confusing it with is non-GAAP accounting,
             | which some companies prefer to cite/reference in management
             | conference calls and letters to investors, where equity-
             | based compensation is often backed out to arrive at the
             | non-GAAP figures.
        
               | overrun11 wrote:
               | Maybe he/she is thinking of a cash expense? Stock
               | compensation will inflate operating cashflow on the
               | statement of cashflows.
        
             | jacques_chester wrote:
             | This is not my understanding at all. Share compensation is
             | considered an expense because it reduces the value of the
             | shares held by other shareholders.
             | 
             | It's advantageous for cashflow but neutral vs cash on the
             | income statement.
             | 
             | Disclaimer: I am not an accountant, this is not financial
             | or accounting advice.
             | 
             | Disclosure: I work for Shopify, but this should not be
             | taken as a statement about Shopify's accounting or
             | financial practice.
        
               | kazinator wrote:
               | It seems like it would be along these lines.
               | 
               | - The company may have to issue new stock for this.
               | That's like a loan: some entity gives cash, in exchange
               | for a piece of the pie. Not in the expense side of the
               | ledger. This is where the value of the shares gets
               | diluted, but I don't think that fluctuations in the value
               | of stock go into the ledger Publicly traded stock
               | fluctuates all the time; that can't be going into the
               | books!
               | 
               | - If the entity is some body of the company itself which
               | is buying the stock, in order to give it to employees,
               | than that plausibly looks like an expense. Buying stock
               | (in anything) would normally be recorded as an asset, I
               | would think, but if the intent is to give it away, then
               | it looks like an expense. Analogy: a laptop bought for
               | company use would be an asset, but if it's intended to be
               | ginve away as a door prize in a raffle, then it's an
               | expense.
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | What "would be" along those lines?
               | 
               | GAAP are what they are.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | jayp wrote:
             | Is this really true?
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | No.
        
               | [deleted]
        
           | WaxProlix wrote:
           | It's easier to make stock out of thin air (well, sort of)
           | than cash, and accounting wise it's much more pleasant for
           | companies to do so.
        
         | acchow wrote:
         | > You neither benefit significantly nor lose significantly as
         | the stock moves around. I've never in my life seen an equity
         | plan like it, and that's not a comment on whether it's good or
         | bad, just that it's unusual.
         | 
         | I thought Stripe moved to this compensation model last year
        
           | tyre wrote:
           | Yes we have this (I work at Stripe). It is an annual
           | recurring grant that has a one year cliff then renews
           | automatically to vest quarterly.
           | 
           | Say you get an offer with $100k in RSUs. That's then divided
           | by the stock price and that's your initial grant. It vests in
           | one year. After that you would do the same math again, except
           | this time 1/4th vests quarterly.
           | 
           | It has pros and cons. It works well in challenging
           | macroeconomic environments for the reasons others have
           | mentioned.
        
         | paxys wrote:
         | This is becoming more and more common at large tech companies.
         | Stripe does the same thing.
         | 
         | Over the last decade and a half tech employees have enjoyed
         | massive returns due to stock appreciation during their vesting
         | term, and now employers want to eliminate that. Of course the
         | flip side is that when the stock goes down - like right now -
         | then employees benefit.
         | 
         | Ultimately they're all going to cut out stocks entirely and
         | just pay cash salary and bonus, like every other industry.
        
           | twblalock wrote:
           | Why on earth would employers want to eliminate those massive
           | returns? That's been an amazing tool for employee retention,
           | especially for FAANG. If they reverted to paying cash plus
           | bonus, they would be less competitive when hiring and
           | retaining people.
           | 
           | The companies that are changing this are the ones whose stock
           | tanked, and they are worried that employees will leave
           | because of it. Companies whose stock did not tank are
           | retaining their normal compensation programs.
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | Should that be FAAG? Wasn't Netflix famously the one big
             | tech co that paid all cash?
        
               | kevdozer1 wrote:
               | I just don't think that acronym will catch on
        
             | PragmaticPulp wrote:
             | > The companies that are changing this are the ones whose
             | stock tanked, and they are worried that employees will
             | leave because of it.
             | 
             | This is exactly why companies are doing it.
             | 
             | If you're compensated in units of stock and the stock price
             | goes down, you are incentivized to switch to another
             | company to restart the whole process.
             | 
             | It's a negative feedback loop. Company struggles -> stock
             | price declines -> employees leave -> company struggles more
             | -> repeat.
             | 
             | I know employees want the best of both worlds (stock
             | appreciation when it goes up, refreshers when it goes down)
             | but realistically I expect more companies to move toward
             | defined cash payouts now that we're out of the unusual bull
             | market of the past decade.
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | If they all _wink wink_ do it at the same time then it
             | doesn't matter.
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | Yeah but they aren't. And they won't.
               | 
               | If there was collusion going on, compensation never would
               | have skyrocketed over the past decade.
        
               | faangiq wrote:
               | Comp is still 2x less than it should be
        
               | mrguyorama wrote:
               | There have been _multiple_ times in the past decade that
               | FAANG colluded to decrease wages.
        
               | marvin wrote:
               | I wonder what kind of collusion Europe is up to, with
               | salaries at 50%-20% of those available in the US.
        
               | twblalock wrote:
               | I can only think of one, and it was an anti-poaching
               | agreement from 2005 that the involved companies paid
               | compensation for later. I haven't seen any reason to
               | believe that is still happening.
        
             | wikfwikf wrote:
             | This is foolish.
             | 
             | When public companies give stock to their employees, they
             | dilute the stock as much as if they issued stock and sold
             | it. So the cost of that compensation is the same as if it
             | were in cash.
             | 
             | If everyone knows that say, Netflix's stock price is
             | guaranteed to go up 20% a year for the next 5 years, then
             | the market price of that stock would suddenly jump up to
             | the point where it no longer makes excess returns. So the
             | market price of the stock reflects the company's (risk-
             | adjusted) growth potential already. This also applies to
             | non-public companies with any amount of maturity - the
             | marginal investor has a good sense of what the company is
             | worth and does not want to lose out by issuing stock below
             | that.
             | 
             | Put these two together and giving employees stock is
             | economically not very different to giving them money and
             | they choosing to invest it in mutual funds. The main
             | difference is that you make your employees' lives slightly
             | harder - with taxation and with the fact that they need to
             | sell stock to get cash for what they want to buy or invest
             | in.
             | 
             | The reason that stock options are preferred, especially for
             | private companies, are none of them very good. Firstly
             | employees have an inflated perception of what their company
             | will be worth in the future. They assume that it's going to
             | be AirBnB, not WeWork, not Palantir, and not the failed
             | start-up that you've never heard of. Secondly employees
             | also don't correctly discount uncertainty. Would you rather
             | have the cash to buy your dream home/pay off your mortgage,
             | or take a 10% chance of 10 times that amount of money? To
             | most of us the second option is worth considerably less.
             | Thirdly companies sometimes feel better about giving out
             | pieces of paper that they have an unlimited supply of than
             | giving out their own cash, even though it's a wash
             | financially. And lastly there used to be some tax
             | advantages to firms paying with stock options - those were
             | loopholes which have largely been closed.
             | 
             | Making your employees into investors (by giving them stock
             | options) only made economic sense when venture capital
             | money was scarce and expensive. This has not been the case
             | for a long time.
        
               | joshl32532 wrote:
               | > When public companies give stock to their employees,
               | they dilute the stock as much as if they issued stock and
               | sold it. So the cost of that compensation is the same as
               | if it were in cash.
               | 
               | Companies DO prefer to grant RSU instead of cash bonus,
               | because it'll provide liquidity to their stock and make
               | employees engaged with the company's performance. One of
               | Netflix's benefit is they're cash heavy in their
               | compensation, which SWE do prefer.
               | 
               | The dilution is not a problem, since they'll buyback
               | stocks anyway.
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | Buybacks are not alchemy; buying back stock just uses the
               | same money that you saved when you issued stock instead
               | of paying in cash.
               | 
               | Of course, the stock price might have gone down, but also
               | it might not. Companies don't usually time buybacks right
               | to buy stock cheaply.
        
               | dcow wrote:
               | Specifically regarding your second paragraph: I think
               | you're overlooking the market's ability to value tech
               | stock. If everyone _knows_ Netflix is gonna jump 20% a
               | year for the next 5 years then everyone would dump their
               | entire savings, take the penalty and reinvest their IRAs
               | even, into Netflix. Why doesn't this happen?
        
               | wikfwikf wrote:
               | Because there is never a point at which everyone knows
               | that Netflix is going to jump 20% a year for 5 years.
               | 
               | That's my point. There are times at which people think
               | this is what it's going to do, and after it's done it
               | lots of people believe it to have been clear in
               | hindsight. But the situation where people know in advance
               | for sure that there will be huge excess returns never
               | occurs.
               | 
               | Netflix is a great example. Would you have been keen to
               | take a large amount of income deferred and in stock at
               | the point when streaming was just a weird perk bundled
               | with the DVD mailing subscription?
        
             | opportune wrote:
             | Because during those 2nd, 3rd, 4th years those employees
             | have much larger compensations than they would get on the
             | market, and companies would rather keep the stock if they
             | don't need to compensate employees that much to retain
             | them.
             | 
             | Many of the companies that are doing this are near-IPO or
             | post-IPO trying to make their finances better. With GAAP,
             | IIUC RSUs are recorded as expenses/count against
             | shareholder equity at the vested price. So if you are a
             | company trying to become GAAP profitable, even if you don't
             | claw back old appreciated grants, you can prevent the
             | problem going forward/appease shareholders concerned about
             | the impact on GAAP profitability by preventing
             | appreciation. A long-dated RSU is a liability that can
             | become expensive.
             | 
             | Also personally I think getting highly appreciated RSU comp
             | can introduce incentives like employees staying at a
             | company longer than they should or want to (ie because they
             | are burnt out or disengaged) since it may not be possible
             | to find another job that compensates you nearly as much.
             | And, it creates very large pay gaps - an entry level
             | employee who joined 2 years ago may be making more than a
             | staff level employee hired recently.
             | 
             | I think RSUs are amazing for employees and the
             | vesting/expected refresher details are a very important
             | thing I look at when evaluating working somewhere. But many
             | other people probably just look at the Year1 TC which
             | doesn't include appreciation or refreshers at all. I think
             | enough people are like me that traditional RSUs won't
             | disappear any time soon, but I expect more companies to try
             | to see what they can get away with in reducing equity comp.
        
           | echelon wrote:
           | Startups will offer stock and win.
           | 
           | If tech workers were united in fleeing giants to found or
           | work at nimble upstarts, _we_ would reap nearly all of the
           | rewards.
        
             | neon_electro wrote:
             | Not when the best the nimble upstarts are offering in
             | positions where equity is on the table are options, not
             | shares.
             | 
             | I'm all for more employee ownership and engagement from
             | being a shareholder in addition to an employee, but I'd
             | love to see startups equally interested in that.
        
               | lr4444lr wrote:
               | I don't think you want this. Even in a firm that is under
               | 10 mil., if you are granted hard equity, you're going to
               | be liable for taxes on those shares, which will be
               | extremely illiquid. Options or RSUs let you have your
               | cake and eat it too, at a small price.
        
             | LudwigNagasena wrote:
             | The choice depends on your risk tolerance/aversion.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | With larger companies stock grants are of little value to
               | gain.
               | 
               | I joined GrubHub 3 months before the stock tanked. I
               | haven't even vested the first tranche, before my RSUs
               | tanked over 2x.
               | 
               | Thank god I learned enough in my life, to demand cash
               | sign on bonus... that ended up being larger than the RSU
               | grant.
               | 
               | Remember the golden rule - $1k today, is better than
               | possible $10k in 4 years. (feel free to scale it up as
               | you wish)
        
           | gpderetta wrote:
           | But as long as the cash bonus has the same nominal value as
           | the stock grant there is not much of a downside for the
           | employee as in the worst case they can just buy the stock on
           | the market (which should be possible for a large tech
           | company).
        
             | twblalock wrote:
             | From experience, that's not true. A bonus of $N is worth
             | $N. A stock grant of $N has turned out to be worth $2.5*N
             | or even more, by the time it finishes vesting.
             | 
             | Could it have gone the other way? Of course, and it's often
             | likely that at startups stock could be worth zero. But at
             | large companies, even with the recent dips in stock prices,
             | employees who joined 2+ years ago are better off with stock
             | grants than they would have been with equivalent fixed-size
             | cash bonuses -- so much so, that would often have to take a
             | pay cut to work anywhere else.
        
               | time_to_smile wrote:
               | > by the time it finishes vesting.
               | 
               | Right and during that vesting period if you had been paid
               | cash you could have invested that money in a wide range
               | of assets that are both more liquid and are not perfectly
               | correlated with your source of income.
               | 
               | Now if we're talking a bonus that would be paid at the
               | end of the vest period such that you can't invest that
               | money until you would have vested anyway then stocks is
               | theoretically going to have increased by the risk free
               | rate, so it's expected value will be higher than the
               | bonus (however it's much higher variance).
               | 
               | Everyone has weird thoughts in their heads about RSUs
               | people the last decade has been insane, and no one
               | remember the last tech crash. The next one will be bigger
               | and when you realize you are getting laid off at the same
               | time that your RSU drop to near zero, it will feel like
               | the variance might not be worth it.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | >Everyone has weird thoughts in their heads about RSUs
               | people the last decade has been insane, and no one
               | remember the last tech crash. The next one will be bigger
               | and when you realize you are getting laid off at the same
               | time that your RSU drop to near zero, it will feel like
               | the variance might not be worth it.
               | 
               | As I wrote elsewhere, who knows? But in the dot-bomb
               | crash, large solvent companies saw their stock tank by
               | 95%. And, by the way, to first approximation no one was
               | hiring so you're not just going to hop to another
               | company.
               | 
               | Hopefully everything will be reasonably fine but I think
               | a lot of people have an unrealistic expectation of worst
               | case scenarios.
        
               | gpderetta wrote:
               | If you get the cash immediately, then you still buy the
               | stock on the market if you expect it to go up. If the
               | cash also comes on a vesting schedule, if you expect the
               | stock to go up, you could buy call options on the market
               | with expiries that match the original schedule, at the
               | current strike price. Of course this has much more
               | friction and some cost.
        
               | everforward wrote:
               | Right, but the stocks start earning value immediately and
               | cash bonuses do not. Assuming gains are even at 5% per
               | year, and the bonus is $100k (because the math is
               | easier):
               | 
               | With RSU's, you get $400k _1.05^4 (4 years of compounded
               | growth)
               | 
               | With cash, assuming you immediately invest the money, you
               | get $100k_1.05^4 + $100k _1.05^3 + $100k_ 1.05^2 + $100k
               | *1.05
               | 
               | Running those numbers, the RSU's are worth $486,202 at
               | the end and the cash is worth $452563. RSU's appreciated
               | by $86k over the duration, cash appreciated $52k over the
               | duration.
               | 
               | It's the time value of money. Getting it earlier makes it
               | worth more.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Cash sign on bonuses typically get paid out early, and
               | have an "unearned" timeframe.
               | 
               | Therefore you get cash earlier, than any stock.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | You have to use two ** to "escape" the italicizing that
               | happens with multiple single * in your post.
        
               | vineyardmike wrote:
               | 30K of missed growth on 400K doesn't seem so bad to not
               | have 400K tied up in a single company.
               | 
               | If, along those 4 years, your company tanks 25% (Shopify
               | tanked over 50%), you'll be able to abandon the
               | investment (and get 100k a year of something else), or
               | double down and get more shares (aka dollar cost
               | averaging).
        
               | gpderetta wrote:
               | Yes, that's why I suggest you should buy calls on the day
               | your grant would have been assigned if you think the
               | stock will go up.
               | 
               | Of course most people won't do it because is very risky.
               | Yet getting RSUs has similar risk (or larger as you can
               | lose more than the option premium).
               | 
               | There might be US tax implications that I'm not familiar
               | with of course.
        
               | darkwizard42 wrote:
               | You aren't allowed to do this in the US. Lot of
               | regulations on your RSUs and when you can sell etc.
               | including derivatives on your vested and unvested stock.
        
               | gpderetta wrote:
               | We are talking about a scenario in which you get cash not
               | RSU.
               | 
               | Also I'm not familiar with the US case, but I understand
               | those limitations are contractual not regulatory and thus
               | have no bearing in what's would be optimal for the
               | employee.
        
           | BMorearty wrote:
           | Replacing stock compensation with cash salary and bonus would
           | be a terrible idea.
           | 
           | Other industries should be moving toward employee ownership,
           | not the other way around. Employee ownership creates shared
           | incentives. Shared incentives create alignment. Alignment
           | helps eliminate an antagonistic relationship between
           | employees and management. Instead of them vs. us, it moves it
           | more towards all us. Instead of the fat cats and the lowly
           | workers, everyone gets to reap the benefits or share the
           | losses. Of course the founders and execs get more, I'm not
           | saying it's equal, but it is a far better system than pure
           | cash.
        
             | vineyardmike wrote:
             | > employee ownership, not the other way around. Employee
             | ownership creates shared incentives. Shared incentives
             | create alignment. Alignment helps eliminate an antagonistic
             | relationship between employees and management.
             | 
             | I don't think this scales to something big. Eg Amazon gives
             | stock. Amazon even gave stock to warehouse workers. I don't
             | think many people, from warehouse workers to senior AWS
             | SDEs feel a true sense of shared alignment, and I bet many
             | share a sense of antagony with management.
             | 
             | I work at a different megacorp. I don't feel meaningfully
             | like an owner. My 500k in RSUs is meaningless compared to
             | the $2T market cap. Nancy Pelosi probably owners more
             | shares than me.
        
             | crote wrote:
             | On the other hand, stock compensation does come with
             | significant drawbacks.
             | 
             | Due to tax implications, your options might be worth
             | significantly less - if anything at all - because you often
             | have to pay taxes before you are able to sell them. If your
             | company is not yet publicly traded, there is a significant
             | chance it'll be heavily diluted by the time you are able to
             | actually sell it. Even worse, you might _never_ be able to
             | sell it. You might not be able to leave the job when you
             | want to, because you are essentially tied to the stock
             | option vesting period. It also significantly increases your
             | personal risk: what happens when the company performs
             | poorly? You might lose both your job and your wealth at the
             | same time.
             | 
             | The way I see it, the antagonistic relationship exists
             | because management is judged primarily by the shareholder
             | value they create. To an employee, the company is their
             | daily life. To a shareholder, the company exists solely as
             | a means to create money. I would not want to work in a
             | company where everyone is driven solely by shareholder
             | value.
             | 
             | Personally, I'd strongly prefer it if the employer had a
             | workers council, and just gave out bonuses when it was
             | doing good. You still share in the benefits, but you have
             | far less personal risk.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | > You might not be able to leave the job when you want to
               | 
               | That is something that people love to ignore - vesting
               | periods are created specifically to keep you from leaving
               | for a better job. While keeping the risk for the company
               | fairly low.
               | 
               | Low mobility has been proven time, and time again, to
               | repress income growth in people. (more often linked to
               | owning a home, and not being able to move for a job)
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Most employees ditch the stock as fast as they can, and
             | arguably they should.
        
             | JAlexoid wrote:
             | That's a load of BS.
             | 
             | You're an employee, not a co-owner. You're paid to do a job
             | and, more often than not, your input is completely
             | irrelevant to the leadership.
             | 
             | And as someone who is paid to do a job, not to be a
             | practical co-owner, you should be paid in cash.
             | 
             | I currently work at a 50 people startup... and guess what?
             | I'm no co-owner, no matter how much options I get. Last
             | reorganization was done without my input... and no one will
             | ask in the future. If you think you're anything more than a
             | service provider - you're either in the executive
             | management or deluded.
        
               | BMorearty wrote:
               | You'd rather the tech industry work like industries where
               | only founders and executives reap windfalls of exit
               | events? If your reply is that the company can offer
               | bonuses when the exit event happens, (1) most companies
               | don't do this after the fact but stock is a way to force
               | it to happen and (2) this doesn't help employees who
               | stayed for many years but didn't happen to be there at
               | the moment of the exit.
        
             | neon_electro wrote:
             | I can agree with this in principle, but in practice, who
             | gets to write the contract governing this stuff? Do
             | employees get a say?
             | 
             | I had options at my last job. They were worthless to me the
             | entire 4.5 years I spent there. It wasn't until 2 weeks
             | after I was let go the company announced it was being
             | acquired and my lottery tickets became worth something.
             | 
             | 4.5 years of opportunity to be engaged at a deeper level as
             | a shared owner of the business, wasted because the business
             | never wanted me to be a part owner in the first place.
             | 
             | Definitely looking for more companies that operate the way
             | you would expect here!
        
               | PuppyTailWags wrote:
               | > I can agree with this in principle, but in practice,
               | who gets to write the contract governing this stuff? Do
               | employees get a say?
               | 
               | This is precisely what unions are for. It's possible to
               | develop a professional organization that then informs
               | expected standards of employment, such as shares in
               | ownership of the company. The Actors Guild for example
               | will specify and fight for the intellectual property of
               | actors part of the guild, including in contracts where
               | members of the guild are hired.
        
               | BMorearty wrote:
               | Were you able to exercise those options after the
               | acquisition was announced? Did you finally get the payday
               | you were hoping for?
        
           | ryanisnan wrote:
           | If I'm an employee earning equity vs cash, I damn well want
           | to make sure my incentives are aligned with the companies,
           | e.g. the value increasing. This seems a bit perverse.
        
             | JAlexoid wrote:
             | The best way to increase stock value in short/mid term -
             | cut costs... (aka your salary/position)
             | 
             | Your incentives never align with any of the publicly traded
             | major tech companies.
             | 
             | Small startups - yes, you have more leeway. Google,
             | Facebook, Apple - yeah, no... outside of top management,
             | your fixes to their mapping application have sweet all to
             | do with stock value.
        
         | modeless wrote:
         | So it's not an equity grant at all then. It's an employee stock
         | purchase plan. You choose how much of your compensation buys
         | stock and you get a small discount on the purchase price
         | (called "bonus" in the article). That is exactly an ESPP.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | nahname wrote:
           | An ESPP is directing earned cash into stock. You buy the
           | stock at time of payment.
           | 
           | This is directing equity into RSUs or ISOs at the open of the
           | window. You will be subject to price fluctuations over the
           | window, which you wouldn't be with an ESPP.
        
             | modeless wrote:
             | The window being one quarter? That still makes this more
             | similar in practice to an ESPP than a standard four year
             | RSU grant.
        
               | idontpost wrote:
               | ESPP's have special tax rules that RSU's don't so the
               | distinction is still very important.
        
               | nahname wrote:
               | Yes, this would be for one quarter. I also agree it is
               | quite similar to an ESPP, especially for the majority of
               | people. I doubt many would be willing to allocate 80-90%
               | of their total comp to ISOs.
        
             | JJMcJ wrote:
             | RSUs are usually granted as number of shares, rather than
             | value of shares at the time of purchase.
             | 
             | Share price 50, you get 100 shares as RSU grant, worth
             | 5,000.
             | 
             | Share price 50, you get $5,000 in shares, that's 100
             | shares. Share price , you get 125 shares.
        
           | pastor_bob wrote:
           | Yes, to me this basically sounds like ESPP without the
           | discount
        
             | kodah wrote:
             | This is how my ESPP works. I couldn't imagine that program
             | replacing my RSUs. What a ripoff to the people attracted by
             | the promise of RSUs.
             | 
             | As someone who came into tech with $0 in savings, RSUs are
             | what gave me financial freedom. When a business dilutes
             | that they not only dilute the marginal amount of business
             | that employees get back in return for their contributions
             | but it also takes away another key financial utility for
             | people to rise economically.
        
               | MikeTheRocker wrote:
               | I don't understand how it could be preferable to be paid
               | in public equity you could otherwise buy with cash
        
               | zachur wrote:
               | It can be preferable because RSU's typically have a basis
               | that reflects the price of the stock at the time they're
               | granted. So if you're granted $100k in RSU's per year at
               | year 0, and the price of the stock doubles by year 1,
               | you'll actually receive $200k worth of stock.
        
               | ulfw wrote:
               | And when it halves (like it happened to most tech stock
               | over the last year) you get $50K by year 1. If that
               | doubles you finally get your 100K again by year 2.
        
               | medvezhenok wrote:
               | I think the point is that RSUs are preferable if the
               | stock goes up, and cash is preferable if the stock goes
               | down. If the stock stays flat, there is no difference
               | between RSU/cash split.
               | 
               | I think most people's assumption that the market will go
               | up over time so most people would prefer RSUs. How
               | accurate that assumption is in the short-medium term
               | remains to be seen.
        
               | shard wrote:
               | To be more general, RSUs are preferable if the stock goes
               | up higher _relative to other investments that the grantee
               | could have picked_ , and cash is preferable if the stock
               | performs worse than other investments that the grantee
               | could have picked. For example, if the stock rises but
               | performs worse than an index fund, then the grantee would
               | have been better served to have gotten cash and put it
               | into a no-effort index fund. If the grantee has an
               | aptitude for stock picking, the balance sways even more
               | towards cash being preferable.
        
               | Thrymr wrote:
               | Not true, because the cash would be distributed over time
               | (as increased salary or bonus) as well, not a lump sum up
               | front available for investment.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | And yet if you look at most tech stocks that "halved"
               | this year (which, btw, is an overstatement for most),
               | they're still up from 2 years ago. My company's stock is
               | down 25% but my RSUs that vested this year were still
               | worth a hell of a lot more than when they were granted
               | 2,3, or 4 years ago.
        
               | hamburglar wrote:
               | It's a matter of the difference between when they are
               | granted versus when you receive them. If I tell you I'm
               | going to give you $100k cash in 4 years, that's wildly
               | different from if I tell you that in 4 years I'm going to
               | give you stock purchased at today's price for $100k. Yes,
               | the upside relies on the stock going up, but that upside
               | can change things quite a bit.
        
               | MikeTheRocker wrote:
               | This makes sense, thank you
        
               | pxx wrote:
               | You get a small free option if job change costs are zero.
               | Unvested equity can appreciate. The option is only really
               | free if you can change jobs effortlessly if it
               | depreciates, but that's close enough to true if you're
               | motivated enough.
               | 
               | Note that this is still catastrophic in terms of
               | diversification. And you can compare job change costs
               | directly to how much paying for this option would cost.
        
               | spaceywilly wrote:
               | If your company had offered you the cash value of RSUs
               | instead of the RSUs, would you not have ended up in the
               | same position financially? For example, if your base pay
               | was 200k, and you had a grant of RSUs worth 200k, how is
               | that better financially than getting all 400k in cash?
        
               | gshulegaard wrote:
               | Not quite. In the short term, perhaps, but I think the
               | original comment was alluding to the fact that RSUs as an
               | "investment" vehicle can have long term returns far
               | greater than others.
               | 
               | Put another way, 200k in RSUs at an early stage company
               | might be worth 100x or even more at IPO or acquisition
               | years down the line. If you were to take that same 200k
               | in cash and invest it in other ways you might be able to
               | have the same return, but it's unlikely.
               | 
               | There are a lot of factors that affect this, but
               | ultimately the potential return is something that start
               | up employees can find attractive. These potential returns
               | are also the underpinning financial motivator for Venture
               | Capital.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | kgwgk wrote:
               | > Put another way, 200k in RSUs at an early stage company
               | might be worth 100x or even more at IPO or acquisition
               | years down the line. If you were to take that same 200k
               | in cash and invest it in other ways you might be able to
               | have the same return, but it's unlikely.
               | 
               | Identifying a company that is going to return 10000% is
               | difficult. However, identifying a company that is going
               | to return 10000% _and_ getting a job there is also
               | difficult.
        
               | htrp wrote:
               | > Identifying a company that is going to return 10000% is
               | difficult. However, identifying a company that is going
               | to return 10000% _and_ getting a job there is also
               | difficult.
               | 
               | If you can do the first part, you're already working on
               | sand hill road.
        
               | modeless wrote:
               | If you have RSUs worth 200k per year, standard practice
               | is that you get one grant of _800k_ at the start of
               | employment, vesting over four years. If you got 200k cash
               | instead, you couldn 't buy 800k stock in the first year.
               | That's an extra 600k of upside exposure.
               | 
               | If that 600k of extra stock appreciates a lot in the
               | first few years, you are far better off with the RSU
               | grant. If it doesn't, you can quit before it vests and
               | try again at a different company, you're not locked in.
        
               | ulfw wrote:
               | I don't know a single tech stock that has (significantly)
               | appreciated over the last 12 months. I know a ton that
               | depreciated by 2/3rds.
        
               | sulam wrote:
               | While I would avoid trying to time the market, anyone
               | starting now has a much lower "cost basis" (they're not
               | spending money, it's not a cost) and better chance at
               | their RSUs appreciating while they vest. Using the last
               | 12 months as a guide for the next 4 years isn't a
               | reasonable way to analyze this.
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | > they're not spending money, it's not a cost
               | 
               | I'm not sure I follow that. If you're getting those
               | shares instead of a higher salary, there's no effective
               | difference between that and a cost you paid out of pocket
               | (except for certain tax implications).
        
               | sulam wrote:
               | Shopify's plan is an oddity in the industry, normally one
               | doesn't directly trade RSUs and base comp. Netflix has
               | allowed for this (probably still does, but I haven't
               | negotiated against a Netflix offer recently), but I don't
               | know of any other significant examples.
               | 
               | That said, legally, even in the specific case of the
               | Shopify plan, you aren't taking cash and spending it on
               | Shopify stock. If you were, your tax situation would be
               | more complicated.
        
               | doktorhladnjak wrote:
               | Netflix lets you take a fraction of your pay in long term
               | options, not RSUs
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Which leaves the employee with less upside going forward,
               | at which point they can switch companies and "start over"
               | with an RSU grant that is at par. In this regard the
               | initial grant has a bit of flavor of an option. You have
               | the option to stay on the vesting schedule or change
               | companies and start a new vesting schedule, but any
               | losses on unvested amounts don't hit you if you switch.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | incentivizing productive employees (the ones with the
               | most alternatives) to quit if the stock price (or the
               | stock market generally) goes down is a hell of a side-
               | effect when you put it like that.
               | 
               | I guess that's the monkey-paw side of "incentivizing the
               | employees to make the company perform by giving them a
               | stake in the upside"...
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | That's why a lot of companies will issue special grants
               | to their highest performing/most critical employees if
               | the shares drop a lot. That makes for a good "double
               | dipping" if the shares recover.
        
               | marssaxman wrote:
               | Real Networks did that for us, after the dot-com crash.
               | The stock promptly dropped some more, and never
               | recovered. I've been deeply skeptical of stock-based
               | compensation ever since...
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | That is highly dependent on if the stock appreciates.
               | 
               | I remember getting a stock grant at IBM in 2011.
               | 
               | Let alone, OP's example is you get all cash equivalent of
               | the full stock grant... not vesting part.
        
               | leoqa wrote:
               | You made a bad bet. Many engineers optimize for high
               | growth 4-year grants above all else.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Don't confuse brains with a bull market...
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Considering that at that point I was with IBM for 5 years
               | before the grant, that wasn't a bet at all
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | > That's an extra 600k of upside exposure.
               | 
               | It's also an extra 600k of downside exposure.
        
               | MichaelBurge wrote:
               | No, the downside exposure is limited because you can quit
               | your job. You don't have to actually eat a stock drop
               | loss by working for 4 years and vesting a loser, you can
               | change to another job and reset your basis.
        
               | MajimasEyepatch wrote:
               | True, but there's an opportunity cost to having worked at
               | Company X on the assumption that your RSUs would
               | appreciate in value, when in fact they decreased and you
               | could have worked at Company Y instead.
        
               | kodah wrote:
               | Anecdotally, I've never had RSUs depreciate to a point at
               | which I metaphorically lose money for my efforts. This
               | might happen at startups more often and megacorps less
               | often.
        
               | akavi wrote:
               | Then this past year you've gotten lucky.
               | 
               | We were in an unprecedented bull run for tech stocks for
               | more than the past decade. No guarantee that continues.
               | Markets are anti-inductive and past performance is no
               | guarantee of future results.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | RSUs have a $0 cost basis - these aren't options we're
               | talking about. Yes it's technically a $600K downside risk
               | but if you recognize anywhere close to that your company
               | went bankrupt and that won't factor into the conversation
               | since you won't have a job anymore.
               | 
               | This kind of up-front grant is a wonderful asymmetric
               | bet. You get $600K skin in the game on day 1. If the
               | stock goes up 20% you get a 20% gain on the _whole_
               | amount before you even own it. If it goes down
               | materially, you 're welcome to quit - but more often what
               | happens is actually the company issues a refresh grant to
               | make up for it - since they don't want you to quit. If it
               | goes back up you now have a ton more stock on the way
               | back up.
               | 
               | You get to earn appreciation on the whole amount _before
               | you earn it_ so up to 4 years early. You have nothing of
               | your own at risk except your time. Things go well, you
               | can do _amazingly_ well. If things go bad, you lost a
               | year or two and you can wander down the street for
               | another lotto ticket.
        
               | cbm-vic-20 wrote:
               | > If you have RSUs worth 200k per year
               | 
               | I am clearly working at the wrong company.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Depends on your level and your geographical location but
               | a staff engineer could vest anywhere from 300K-800K per
               | year depending - more if you see some meaningful stock
               | appreciation over time. Staff engineers are like top ~10%
               | of a company's engineers. That number can go up
               | significantly if you're a principal engineer.
               | 
               | 200K seems pretty average for a senior engineer role
               | (i.e. a 'terminal' role, not an up-or-out junior role) in
               | the Bay Area on top of a 150-200K base.
        
               | fennecfoxen wrote:
               | Clearly.
        
               | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
               | I joined a startup last year and was given a $200K salary
               | and $50K in stock options. If we're successful and reach
               | a valuation of $5B, my options will be worth $1M.
               | 
               | And that's not even accounting for evergreen option
               | grants and bonuses.
        
               | spaceywilly wrote:
               | "if" is the key word there. Most companies don't make it
               | to IPO, and even if they do it would be a long wait. In
               | the mean time your shares are illiquid, the paper they
               | are written on is worth more. I'd prefer to take the cash
               | alternative and put it into safe investments.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | AND there could be any number of rounds of funding before
               | a successful Exit.
               | 
               | It's best to value the options at $0 and consider them a
               | lottery ticket.
        
               | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
               | Oh yeah, it's a lotto ticket for sure. Even starting the
               | job, I told my wife I was playing the startup lottery.
               | She's fine with it since we have over 6 months of
               | expenses in savings, and work in security, I won't have a
               | hard time finding a new job if we went belly up.
               | 
               | The company is very transparent with the numbers, though.
               | Every month we have an all-hands meeting and the CEO goes
               | over numbers, including current ARR, burn rate, balance,
               | and runway.
               | 
               | We received a $75M Series C in May, and in our last
               | fiscal year we 4X'd our ARR. We're doing pretty well.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | The main thing to remember is that typically early stage
               | options for an engineer will make you a bundle iff
               | everyone else gets paid (often first).
               | 
               | When things go badly, or even just not well, it doesn't
               | matter what your plan was or how transparent everything
               | is - the founders/board may be staring down a choice
               | between folding the company up or decimating the equity
               | of everyone currently holding it. It's a pretty easy
               | decision usually. The good ones will take it on the nose
               | with everyone else, the others ... well they aren't
               | taking the same hit.
        
               | taxman22 wrote:
               | You'd be granted $200k in RSUs over 4 years, but actually
               | be getting, 20,000 RSUs if the stock price was $10. Fast
               | forward a few years and the stock is trading at $100.
               | You're now earning 10x more.
               | 
               | Edit: added "over 4 years"
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | Or you could get that cash and buy the same stock,
               | without restrictions that come with RSUs.
               | 
               | Oh... also... "Tax Man 22" - RSU grants are taxed at the
               | time they vest. So if your 20000 RSUs vest at $100, then
               | you pay regular income tax on $100... not lower capital
               | gains tax on the $90 per RSU.
               | 
               | Just the tax benefit is higher on cash, than RSU.
        
               | idontpost wrote:
               | No, you can't.
               | 
               | The number of people in this thread who don't understand
               | RSU grants at all is kind of shocking.
               | 
               | You're granted $800k of RSUs up front at the current
               | stock price, 25% percent vests every year. That is VERY
               | different than buying 200k of stock every year because
               | the 800k is all granted at the INITIAL price, whereas
               | buying 200k every year buys stock at the CURRENT price.
               | 
               | If you could take 200k cash every year and then time
               | travel back to the start of the period with it and buy
               | the stock, THAT would be equivalent to RSUs.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | You are right that it is different, but it's not
               | unambiguously better.
               | 
               | In the rather special case that stock price is
               | monotonically increasing, there is an obvious benefit to
               | locking in the earliest price you can.
               | 
               | On the other hand, if you have more cash every paycheck,
               | you can trickle it into other potentially high growth
               | companies and spread your risk. And you don't lose
               | anything by leaving on a date you choose. And, as shopify
               | has recently demonstrated, being locked into last years
               | price could mean you _lose_ a lot.
               | 
               | We've just left an extraordinary period of growth for
               | tech stocks, but it won't always be that way.
        
               | idontpost wrote:
               | > You are right that it is different, but it's not
               | unambiguously better.
               | 
               | That's a separate issue from the common misconception in
               | this thread that cash is the same as RSUs.
               | 
               | RSUs have more risk than cash, and more potential upside.
               | They are unambiguously different.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | Agreed - it's a mistake though to focus on the upside
               | only.
        
               | JAlexoid wrote:
               | > No, you can't.
               | 
               | What are you replying to? That you cannot buy the stock?
               | Because that is demonstrably false.
               | 
               | > If you could take 200k cash every year and then time
               | travel back to the start of the period with it and buy
               | the stock, THAT would be equivalent to RSUs.
               | 
               | Except that's not what the OP wrote.
               | 
               | > The number of people in this thread who don't
               | understand RSU grants at all is kind of shocking.
               | 
               | Let me rephrase you - The number of people, yourself
               | included, who are completely ignoring what the OP wrote
               | to just rant about RSUs and seem more intelligent is...
               | not shocking at all.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | I'll given an example.
               | 
               | If you had $200k in yearly cash compensation from Apple
               | starting in 2019 then you'd make $200k this year.
               | 
               | If you had $200k in yearly RSU compensation from Apple
               | starting in 2019 then you'd make $800k this year.
        
               | saagarjha wrote:
               | If you had $200k in yearly TWTR you'd make $100k this
               | year. Things don't always go up.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | If you joined in 2019 then you'd make around $200k this
               | year. Last year you'd have made around $350k. Still
               | better or equal to getting cash every year.
        
               | RHSeeger wrote:
               | So, the lottery is better than a savings account, because
               | if you win the upside is much higher? Whether or not
               | stocks options/rsus/whatever are worth more than an
               | increase in salary is very dependent on the timing, the
               | company, and variety of other things. You can just as
               | easily point out losing situations as you can winning; in
               | fact, I'd wager the losing is more common.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | It's a fairly controlled bet with relatively little
               | downside (companies are likely to cover a large drop in
               | RSU value) and a lot of upside. Since the vesting window
               | is 4 years, you can sell as soon as things best, you
               | still get a salary and you can switch jobs at any time
               | the risk isn't that high. And since you can make up a
               | decade of regular income in a few years the logical
               | approach is to roll dice when younger if you can.
        
               | spaceywilly wrote:
               | Couldn't you use the 200k cash alternative to buy AAPL,
               | theoretically, and end up in the same boat? And in that
               | case you can also buy a mix of other stocks to diversify
               | instead of having it all in one company. I'd take cash
               | any day personally.
        
               | potatolicious wrote:
               | No, because in order to achieve the same outcome you'd
               | need to have $800K to buy AAPL in 2019. Taking your $200K
               | in cash each year will result in buying $200K of AAPL in
               | 2020, $200K of AAPL in 2021, etc... which bypasses a
               | great deal of the gains.
               | 
               | Part of the power of RSU packages is that is equivalent
               | to a _very_ large stock purchase that is a multiple of
               | your earning power that you earn out of over time.
               | 
               | So yes, if you have a lot of liquid capital, taking a
               | $200K/yr stock package from Apple in 2019 is "equivalent"
               | to putting $800K into AAPL all at once. The trick is that
               | more people can do the former than the latter.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | No, the future unvested RSUs increase in value with the
               | stock price. Your cash comp doesn't.
               | 
               | If you got cash then you'd have made $200k the first
               | year, $200k the second and $200k the third.
               | 
               | If you got RSUs then you'd have made $350k the first
               | year, $660k the second and $800k the third.
        
               | spaceywilly wrote:
               | No I would make 400k the first year. It's cash as an
               | alternative to the RSUs, not just deleting the RSU part
               | entirely
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | That wasn't the example I gave to simplify things but
               | sure if you want that then:
               | 
               | If you got cash then you'd have made $400k the first
               | year, $400k the second and $400k the third.
               | 
               | If you got RSUs then you'd have made $550k the first
               | year, $860k the second and $1000k the third.
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | That assumes you just keep the cash. I think what they
               | meant was:
               | 
               | First year make 400k, buy 200k worth of something that is
               | not just one egg basket. But because it's salary you do
               | that every ~2 weeks so you end up with hopefully more
               | than 200k by end of year already too. Continue example
               | over the other 3 years.
               | 
               | Yes the upside is smaller as I would assume the broader
               | market part would return less in the upside case. The
               | point is that your downside is 'better'. Instead of your
               | tech stock tanking over proportionally you'd be down less
               | or be even or could decide to stay in cash mid year as
               | markets tank and interest rises or buy something else
               | like a house. It basically allows for better 'control'
               | and a less bad worst case at the cost of being able to
               | 'win the lottery'.
               | 
               | Of course you are right that just buying one stock, even
               | if not your own company from the cash is actually worse
               | overall. If you were gonna do that, just get the RSUs.
        
               | travisjungroth wrote:
               | They asked if you could "end up in the same boat" by
               | getting paid the same amount in cash as RSUs. You can't.
               | There's a common misconception that RSUs are _only_ more
               | restrictive than cash, that if you got paid in cash you
               | could just use the cash to buy the stock and end up in
               | the same position. This is just not true.
               | 
               | RSUs have downsides. That was never in question in this
               | thread (as much as people keep affirming it).
               | 
               | RSUs also have financial upside over the equivalent
               | amount of cash. That's the thing people keep trying to
               | explain but also seems to get brushed off.
               | 
               | $100k cash and $200k RSUs per year in a stock that
               | increases by 10% each year: after 4 years I have $400k
               | cash and $1.171mm in stock.
               | 
               | $100k cash and $200k cash given to me at the beginning of
               | the year to buy the same stock for 4 years: $400k cash
               | and $1.021mm in stock.
               | 
               | They're just not the same. RSUs have leverage. They have
               | upside and downside.
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | Fair enough on the exact same boat. Very unlikely given
               | the companies that usually have RSUs in that value range.
               | You would have to get RSUs in a company that is less
               | likely to go up than what you could invest in with the
               | cash.
               | 
               | For a less sky rockety company that still offers RSUs I
               | would take my chances with the cash and actually ending
               | up in a better boat.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | You can also invest the RSUs that vest or keep them. In
               | my example I assumed you cashed them out instantly and
               | did not invest the resulting cash. So while the cash
               | looks better with investments so do the RSUs.
               | 
               | That also means the risk of RSUs is also not as high as
               | you paint it out since you don't keep them for 4 years.
               | After the 1 year cliff you can sell them as they vest. So
               | you're only risking future money rather than money you've
               | already gotten. Unless the stock goes below the original
               | stock price then you're still ahead. If it does then you
               | either get a top up or find a new job.
        
               | tharkun__ wrote:
               | I see it this way: with RSUs you are betting on one egg.
               | Your company. There are things about RSUs that make them
               | more attractive than getting cash and betting on another
               | single egg. If I can get cash instead I will. I don't
               | count the RSUs as a decider in that sense. Given my risk
               | tolerance I'll take extra cash if I can and invest it
               | into multiple eggs instead. Over the past 10 years that
               | probably would have made me loose out on money. We will
               | see how it goes in the next few. When all tech stocks are
               | tanking I bet it's going to be hard to switch to another
               | company where things would be better. Having bought
               | stocks that have paid dividends through many years of
               | recessions with the cash I got seems better to me. Of
               | course you could have sold those sweet RSUs and bought
               | more of those same dividend paying stocks than I can.
               | Power to you if you did. Somehow I doubt most people that
               | choose the RSUs have done that and instead only cashed
               | out to buy a house or a Tesla etc. Not saying that's you
               | or everyone. I drive a 11 year old car I bought used. And
               | would even if I had taken RSUs ;)
        
               | idontpost wrote:
               | > Couldn't you use the 200k cash alternative to buy AAPL,
               | theoretically, and end up in the same boat?
               | 
               | No you couldn't.
               | 
               | You'd have to put in several years of 200k of cash up
               | front to end up in the same boat.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I assume you could leverage options to get something
               | similarish but with a larger downside.
        
               | idontpost wrote:
               | That's still not "ending up in the same boat".
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | It is even worse than an ESPP, but also pushes your
         | compensation out up to 90 days from when you should be earning
         | it. It's literally the worst combination of all the options.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | ranman wrote:
         | Do you know if this creates significant administrative
         | overhead?
        
         | knodi123 wrote:
         | > So what they've done is nearly completely untie compensation
         | from the stock price.
         | 
         | But it IS tied to the change in price- right?
        
           | jxf wrote:
           | No. Your total compensation is fixed. You're deciding how
           | much of it goes to stock (as opposed to your _grant size_
           | being fixed).
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | Using the example above, you get $25,000 in stock every 3
           | months. So the number of shares are variable, so the price is
           | irrelevant to you. If you sell as soon as you get it, it's
           | the same as $25k cash, e.g. completely divorced from the
           | stock price.
           | 
           | If it was tied to the stock price, like every other RSU
           | program on the planet, you'd get x number of shares. So as
           | stock price goes up, your compensation goes up. Your
           | compensation is tied to the stock price.
        
         | foolfoolz wrote:
         | this is a massive pay cut for anyone working at a growing
         | company. you lose so much potential upside with the stock if
         | you keep "buying in" each quarter/year instead of once at the
         | beginning of a 4 year grant and hoping it goes up.
         | 
         | this looks like a great way for companies to protect themselves
         | from spending too much on employee stock compensation and frame
         | it as a gift of choice
        
         | 3bproblem wrote:
         | Stripe does this, and Coinbase's move to annual equity grants
         | also has a similar effect. There are a lot of tradeoffs in all
         | directions, but the fundamental one is that the reduction in
         | risk naturally carries an equivalent reduction in ability to
         | participate on the upside (eg table at the bottom here:
         | https://www.aeqium.com/post/a-survey-of-equity-refresh-
         | progr...).
         | 
         | You can also argue that it's not good for employees, because
         | downside is capped (stock goes to $0, you keep your salary) but
         | upside is unlimited (Shopify becomes the next Microsoft, you're
         | still driving a Kia).
        
           | leoqa wrote:
           | The reality is that RSUs are a better deal because of the
           | unlimited upside. If my RSUs go to zero, I jump to another
           | company and reset my cost basis- there is actually little
           | risk here beyond the first year lock up.
        
             | akavi wrote:
             | That's effectively an implicit call option. You can buy an
             | explicit version on the public market.
             | 
             | The question is "Is the cost of an explicit call option
             | greater than the cost of finding a new job?"
             | 
             | There is some benefit in that with an explicit call option,
             | you have to pay up front, while with job switching, you
             | only incur the cost if the implicit option "expires
             | worthless". But that's balanced by the fact that with the
             | implicit option you're exposed to sector-wide risk (eg, see
             | the current tech-wide turndown), while you're not with the
             | explicit one.
        
               | gpderetta wrote:
               | Pretty much. Also with the call option you have to pay
               | the premium (and possibly the rollover cost if for some
               | reason you wanted to match exactly the equivalent RSU
               | schedule), on the other hand if the stock price goes down
               | at worst you lose the premium, while the downside with
               | RSU can be much larger.
               | 
               | In practice it would be foolish to invest a large part of
               | your salary in call options of the company you work for.
               | But for the same reason RSUs are also similarly risky and
               | you should always prefer cash and diversify your risk
               | instead.
               | 
               | Edit: If you buy an at the money call and sell the
               | equivalent put you can reduce the premium and replicate
               | the risk profile of the RSU. But I'm not an option
               | trader.
        
         | LudwigNagasena wrote:
         | What is even the point? Some of sort tax benefits?
        
       | Bombthecat wrote:
       | I would short this stock waiting for its implosion...
       | 
       | So
       | 
       | Many
       | 
       | Sites are using shoppify when they basically sell no or one
       | product per year...
        
         | boringg wrote:
         | https://www.fool.ca/2020/01/11/shopifys-shop-stock-price-soa...
        
         | cyral wrote:
         | Considering it went from $1,600 or so to $300 (adjusted for
         | split, as it is really $30), you may be a bit late for that
        
           | alex_young wrote:
           | It still has a $40B market cap
        
       | debacle wrote:
       | Yahoo Finance for Shopify
       | 
       | https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/SHOP?p=SHOP&.tsrc=fin-srch
       | 
       | Yikes.
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | -5.4% today
         | 
         | -8% 5-day
         | 
         | -19.25% 1-month
         | 
         | -76% YTD
         | 
         | -79% 12-month
        
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