[HN Gopher] California sues Amazon for preventing 3rd-party sell...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       California sues Amazon for preventing 3rd-party sellers being
       cheaper elsewhere
        
       Author : em-bee
       Score  : 230 points
       Date   : 2022-09-16 13:53 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.engadget.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.engadget.com)
        
       | em-bee wrote:
       | original title: California sues Amazon for preventing third-party
       | sellers offering cheaper prices elsewhere
        
       | NickC25 wrote:
       | As they should. Amazon should have no ability to dictate that an
       | item isn't cheaper on a company's own property (digital or
       | physical retail) than on Amazon's site.
       | 
       | I helped a buddy build out his brand in the US, and we listed on
       | Amazon as well as our own website. They take a big cut of
       | everything and still demand that we essentially lose additional
       | margin by not allowing us to set our own price on our own
       | website.
        
         | tantalor wrote:
         | > Amazon should have no ability to dictate
         | 
         | Well, in a perfect world a marketplace like Amazon should be
         | able to do whatever they want, and if the merchants & customers
         | don't like it they can take their business somewhere else.
         | Market forces, consumer choice, etc.
         | 
         | Except in this case, Amazon has basically made that impossible
         | with their illegal monopolization of e-commerce.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | NickC25 wrote:
           | Exactly. Like it or not, they're a monopoly - they need to be
           | regulated like one. Not only are they a monopoly, they can
           | run the entire Amazon storefront at a huge loss due to how
           | profitable AWS is. This $ delta allows them to engage in some
           | incredibly (unethical/anti-competitive/anti-consumer)
           | practices.
        
       | jjeaff wrote:
       | I hope California wins this. This is such a frustrating thing
       | that Amazon does enforce. They will ban you if they find out you
       | are selling the same item for cheaper on your own website or on
       | eBay.
       | 
       | To me, this is akin to the credit card companies disallowing a
       | discount for paying with cash/check. Which was made illegal.
       | Though I'm not sure if by law or legal case.
        
         | allocs wrote:
         | Genuinely asking, why is this bad (for either example)?
        
           | insane_dreamer wrote:
           | Its problematic because Amazon has such large control over
           | online shopping, that setting anti-competitive rules further
           | increases its control to where it becomes almost
           | monopolistic.
        
           | tehlike wrote:
           | Amazon charges money, say 5% of transaction value.
           | 
           | If an item is 100$, seller gets 95.
           | 
           | Ok their own website, noone takes a cut, all money goes to
           | seller.
           | 
           | In this case they might want to sell for 98$, and then both
           | customer and seller wins.
        
             | hedora wrote:
             | Amazon gets paid to place targeted ads.
             | 
             | They use the ad money to give five percent cash back on
             | purchases.
             | 
             | Manufacturer advertises "effectively pay 5% more on our web
             | site or Amazon will club a baby seal (or worse)!"
             | 
             | The advertising campaign falls flat.
             | 
             | Consumers are killed/maimed by a counterfeit item they
             | bought on Amazon.
             | 
             | Manufacturer costs go up 10% (spent on lawyers and training
             | customer support as emergency response workers).
             | 
             | Amazon begins production of a higher-margin, but less
             | expensive and non-deadly knock off, and promotes it above
             | the original product.
             | 
             | Repeat.
        
             | smallerfish wrote:
             | You wish it's 5%.
             | 
             | Play around with this (and don't enter 0 for shipping,
             | because they have a divide by zero error):
             | 
             | https://sellercentral.amazon.com/hz/fba/profitabilitycalcul
             | a...
        
               | scarby2 wrote:
               | Depends on the item value. It's usually closer to 10%
               | 
               | The higher margin on the left is what amazon charges for
               | fulfillment (which can be quite a lot).
        
             | lots2learn wrote:
             | Amazon's perspective is that they are a store / marketplace
             | that a seller can optionally sell on. They are ensuring
             | their customers get the best price. Like any store, if you
             | don't like their terms then don't sell your product in
             | their store. Pretty solid logic I think.
             | 
             | But the reality is they are a store that dwarfs every other
             | in customer reach making it difficult for small businesses
             | to grow without utilizing Amazon as one of their sales
             | channel. Hence, Amazon's 15% commission gets baked into
             | everything even if it's not sold on Amazon. I think the law
             | needs to evolve in a way to recognize scenarios like this
             | where there is massive asymmetry - not necessarily a
             | monopoly - between one dominant market player and others
             | which is harming the consumer.
             | 
             | Amazon's response of course would be "no fair; you're using
             | us for product discovery but then giving the sale to the
             | brand owner". Which has some validity. If you took away the
             | commission, then they would be relegated to a search engine
             | that relies on ad revenue only. But that would mean lower
             | prices so consumers would win in the end.
        
               | NickC25 wrote:
               | > _If you took away the commission, then they would be
               | relegated to a search engine that relies on ad revenue
               | only._
               | 
               | They'd also still be a major corporation / quasi-monopoly
               | that powers like 80%+ of the internet and is wildly
               | profitable. I see no problem with taking a small cut of
               | their revenue away that they only have due to shady
               | business practices. But Wall Street would cry _Won 't
               | anyone think of the shareholders?_
               | 
               | I wouldn't give a shit if that caused Jeff's net worth to
               | drop 5% or 10% - the guy would still have more money than
               | the rest of the world save for 4 or 5 people rather than
               | just 1 or 2 people.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | > They are ensuring their customers get the best price
               | 
               | No, they are making sure they get the biggest cut
        
               | cool_dude85 wrote:
               | >Amazon's response of course would be "no fair; you're
               | using us for product discovery but then giving the sale
               | to the brand owner".
               | 
               | Almost as bad as someone walking into a brick and mortar
               | store and then going to some big website to actually buy
               | the TV. No fair indeed.
        
               | Spivak wrote:
               | I mean it kinda is no fair, the ability for people to do
               | this is a fairweather tolerance because big box still
               | come out ahead even when price matching online retailers.
               | The moment that stops being the case is when you will
               | start to see stores charging covers.
        
               | scarby2 wrote:
               | I always wonder how many people actually do this. It has
               | to be a pretty significant difference for me not to
               | actually buy it at the store.
               | 
               | If I'm at the store and i can put something in my cart
               | and buy it then I'm not going to order it online and wait
               | for delivery to save $5. Also delivery is extremely
               | unreliable these days...
        
               | Supermancho wrote:
               | > I always wonder how many people actually do this
               | 
               | From watching other people at stores, it's maybe 15%? For
               | goods that need to be installed or carefully handled,
               | it's less common. Headphones? Pricecheck. Mechanical
               | Keyboard? Pricecheck. Washer and Dryer? Most people
               | pricecheck even though it seems like something they
               | wouldn't. Turns out that most people shop around for
               | those, so internet pricechecking is part of it. Food
               | items that seem too expensive? Pricecheck. You can save a
               | bunch on dry/bottled goods. Amazon Prime feels like a
               | Costco membership. You have to make sure you use it, to
               | justify it.
        
               | onepointsixC wrote:
               | >They are ensuring their customers get the best price.
               | 
               | No they are not. They are setting the price on their
               | platform to be the minimum price. That's very different
               | and bad for consumers.
        
           | thayne wrote:
           | I can think of two reasons:
           | 
           | 1. It hinders competition. You can't really provide a
           | marketplace thay competes with Amazon by having lower prices
           | (for example by taking a smaller cut from sellers), because
           | sellers aren't allowed to list lower prices on your
           | marketplace. Or alternatively, you can't compete by selling
           | directly from you website, because you can't offer a lower
           | price than on Amazon.
           | 
           | 2. It means even if you buy directly from the seller, you
           | have to pay a higher price because it is listed on Amazon. In
           | effect people who bu directly are subsidizing a lower price
           | for people who buy on Amazon. This applies to the credit card
           | case as well.
        
             | LatteLazy wrote:
             | Surely it encourages competition: Since the cost cannot
             | just be passed onto consumers, the company making the
             | decision over where to list has an incentive to actually
             | consider other options?
             | 
             | Also, the only reason we want competition is because it
             | _should_ get lower prices for consumers. Competition isn 't
             | a good in and of itself, it's just a means to an end. So if
             | more competition means higher prices for the same goods,
             | then who needs it?
             | 
             | I don't quite get your second point: if the consumer is
             | paying the same price, why do they care whether 100% goes
             | to the supplier, or 99% or 0.01? If an item costs me 10USD,
             | I don't care who get's that money, I just care that I don't
             | get to keep it right
        
               | thayne wrote:
               | > why do they care whether 100% goes to the supplier, or
               | 99% or 0.01? If an item costs me 10USD, I don't care who
               | get's that money, I just care that I don't get to keep it
               | right
               | 
               | But you care if it costs you $10 instead of $9. My point
               | is that Amazon's rules means the price is higher for
               | everyone, in order to cover Amazon's fees. Without them,
               | if you are willing to buy from somewhere less convenient
               | than amazon, you can get a better price.
        
               | keb_ wrote:
               | > Also, the only reason we want competition is because it
               | should get lower prices for consumers.
               | 
               | That is not the only reason free market capitalists want
               | competition. Competition should also promote a variety of
               | choice, innovation, and dynamism in other services to
               | consumers, not just low product prices.
        
               | stetrain wrote:
               | This rule doesn't just mean they can't raise prices on
               | Amazon, it means they can't lower prices elsewhere.
               | 
               | If another marketplace takes a lower cut, allowing the
               | seller to set a lower price while keeping margins, they
               | can't do so under this arrangement without taking a hit
               | on Amazon sales.
               | 
               | The market should be encouraging finding the lowest-
               | margin distribution path, not artificially propping up
               | prices elsewhere to match Amazon's margins.
        
             | cortesoft wrote:
             | On the other hand, as a shopper, I like knowing that the
             | price I see on Amazon is the lowest price I can find the
             | item. I don't want to have to check the price of every item
             | on the manufacturers site to see if I can get it cheaper
             | there.
             | 
             | Just imagine I want to by a widget, and there are many
             | manufacturers. I can search on Amazon, and get all of the
             | prices for all the manufacturers right in one place, and I
             | know that each price I see is the cheapest. I don't have to
             | search for 10 different manufacturer websites and check
             | each price. I can just sort by it, and then one click buy.
             | 
             | I understand the anticompetitive concerns, but there is
             | also a big advantage for consumers to be able to have a
             | single market that has the lowest prices available and easy
             | ordering.
        
               | onepointsixC wrote:
               | You prefer Amazon to dictate the floor price of something
               | for the purpose of convenience? If you prefer to use
               | Amazon, fine, but your choice shouldn't get to dictate to
               | everyone else that there's no better deal else where.
               | Amazon isn't getting you a better deal here, it's making
               | sure there's no better deal else where.
        
               | tchalla wrote:
               | Yes there are many times big advantages to the
               | individuals which aren't allowed by law nor should it be.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | axiolite wrote:
               | > I like knowing that the price I see on Amazon is the
               | lowest price I can find the item.
               | 
               | Yeah, but it isn't. I suggest you at least check the
               | price on eBay before you buy from Amazon, if not Froogle
               | and Walmart.
               | 
               | Amazon's anti-competitive behavior here ONLY applies to a
               | single seller, NOT to a manufacturer or a specific
               | product. So while "Steve's Discount Stereo" can't sell
               | that stereo for a lower price outside of Amazon, "Dave's
               | Discount Stereo" certainly can.
        
               | scarby2 wrote:
               | does this apply when both dave's discount stereo and
               | steve's discount stereo are subsidiaries of the "Dave
               | Steve Stereo Corporation"?
               | 
               | Maybe they both outsource inventory and order processing
               | to the parent company only having distinct sales and
               | marketing.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Sites like Pricerunner compare prices from many online
               | shops.
        
               | mentalpiracy wrote:
               | I agree that it would be great as a consumer, but Amazon
               | isn't offering anyone an honest list of those widget
               | prices.
               | 
               | If I am a widget manufacturer, selling on Amazon means I
               | am no longer competing for your purchase with just my
               | market peers. On some level, I am now competing against
               | all listings in that category, including grey market
               | resellers because Amazon doesn't police for shit.
        
               | idontpost wrote:
               | > I don't want to have to check the price of every item
               | on the manufacturers site to see if I can get it cheaper
               | there.
               | 
               | No one is forcing you to comparison shop. You're trying
               | to take freedom from others so you can financially
               | justify being lazy.
               | 
               | > I understand the anticompetitive concerns, but there is
               | also a big advantage for consumers to be able to have a
               | single market that has the lowest prices available and
               | easy ordering.
               | 
               | Not when that "lowest price available" is now inflated
               | from what it would have been. Consumers lose because now
               | they pay higher prices than they otherwise would have.
        
           | wyre wrote:
           | If I own a store I should be able to set my own prices
           | without risk of being kicked out of a marketplace.
        
           | frogblast wrote:
           | Because Amazon can arbitrarily raise the prices of goods sold
           | at Amazon, and have no concern about being undercut.
           | 
           | For example, you are selling a Widget for $20. Amazon says
           | "we'll take $10 of that ourselves". You can sell your Widget
           | elsewhere at lower overhead, but you can't pass those savings
           | on to the buyer, which means the buyer has no incentive to
           | shop elsewhere, which means there are no market forces
           | encouraging Amazon to reduce their cut.
           | 
           | There are also no market forces preventing Amazon from
           | increasing their cut. Tomorrow, they'll want $15 of that $20.
        
         | legitster wrote:
         | Is this unique to Amazon though? If you are Safeway, you
         | wouldn't be happy if Nabisco started selling crackers half-
         | price from their warehouse down the street.
         | 
         | In most industries, MSRP agreement rules are pretty tightly
         | enforced. California winning this case seems like it could make
         | for a weird precedent.
        
           | rajeshp1986 wrote:
           | Its NOT! Even Walmart, Costco & other retailers enforce this
           | on sellers. Sounds like California going after Amazon &
           | Bigtech.
        
           | tarakat wrote:
           | No business is happy with competition. That doesn't make
           | contractual collusion any less anti-competitive. If it is, as
           | you allege, the norm, that only makes dealing with it more
           | urgent.
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | The FTC considers certain exclusivity contracts as pro-
             | competitive:
             | 
             | https://www.ftc.gov/advice-guidance/competition-
             | guidance/gui...
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | But exclusivity contracts is not what's in question here,
               | which preclude you from selling elsewhere (as opposed to
               | selling elsewhere but at a lower price). Also exclusivity
               | contracts usually come with minimum volume commitments
               | (since you're locked in). That's quite different than
               | third-party sellers on Amazon.
               | 
               | And it usually has to do with brand perception. Nordstrom
               | doesn't want you selling that same product at Target
               | because it devalues the brand.
        
               | wbsss4412 wrote:
               | To add, both parties usually get additional value out of
               | an exclusivity deal, which is why they voluntarily enter
               | into an arrangement.
               | 
               | In the case of Amazon though (and I caveat this with the
               | fact that I'm not aware of the full details) this is
               | about being able to sell on Amazon _at all_ , there are
               | no extra perks involved for the sellers.
        
               | insane_dreamer wrote:
               | Absolutely -- usually the value for the seller is a
               | guaranteed (depending on exact terms) minimum volume of
               | sales through a successful channel.
        
               | legitster wrote:
               | Based on the details of the suit and the anecdotes here
               | though, it doesn't sound like Amazon actually drops the
               | product. They withhold it from One Click or reduce its
               | listing.
               | 
               | The analogy in a retail setting might be losing your
               | signage or being yanked from a good location.
        
               | tarakat wrote:
               | > being yanked from a good location
               | 
               | "Reducing the listing" can potentially mean being pushed
               | to page 23 of search results. In retail, that would be
               | equivalent to never leaving the warehouse, available only
               | upon specific request by a customer.
        
             | tshaddox wrote:
             | Right. The law isn't saying that they have to be happy
             | about it.
        
           | kgwgk wrote:
           | The role of Amazon corresponds neither to Safeway nor Nabisco
           | in your example.
        
           | ceph_ wrote:
           | The proper analogy would be Safeway forbidding Nabisco from
           | letting their products be sold cheaper at any other
           | supermarket. Which is ridiculous.
        
             | ComputerGuru wrote:
             | Yet that happens all the time. I've heard stories of
             | companies going bankrupt after retail giant X learned
             | competitor Y was selling their product for less, in breach
             | of their contract (feel free to replace "contract" with
             | Amazon ToS).
        
             | legitster wrote:
             | I worked for Frito-Lay for several years and you better
             | believe that's how supermarkets work. More than once I've
             | been called in the middle of the night to a store to rip
             | down an endcap of chips because the store got undercut by
             | another (and in their defense, why would they give us
             | valuable floor space on a promotion that won't sell).
             | 
             | I think though as comparison that the power dynamic is
             | flipped. Exclusivity agreements usually were to the benefit
             | of the store (against big brands at least). But against the
             | small brands on Amazon, they favor Amazon.
        
         | josefresco wrote:
         | Is this a new policy? I sold a physical product on Amazon for
         | several years and always had it listed for cheaper on my own
         | website. No issues - maybe I was too small to bother with?
        
           | themagician wrote:
           | Amazon typically only enforces this when you are using Amazon
           | FBA to fulfill from your own website.
        
           | atdrummond wrote:
           | I always thought if it was a DTC CPG your own site was
           | allowed to offer it any price point. I only saw the
           | restriction kick in on other marketplaces.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | jandrewrogers wrote:
         | Terms like this are not uncommon in vendor contracts
         | _generally_ , it is not specific to Amazon. It is often a point
         | of negotiation and the details are specific to product
         | categories. There are also common strategies for working around
         | or minimizing the practical impact of these kinds of terms if
         | you are the vendor. I've dealt with these kinds of terms for
         | decades and I've never sold anything on Amazon.
         | 
         | A factor here is that many vendors on Amazon, even major
         | household brands, are surprisingly unsophisticated about how
         | they structure their business with Amazon. I know someone whose
         | entire business is helping major brands structure their Amazon
         | business correctly to get what they want out of that
         | relationship. They are overwhelmed with new work from companies
         | that you'd think would be competent to do this themselves.
        
         | wiremonger wrote:
         | But Amazon isn't doing this so that they can make the other
         | retailer's customers pay more. They're doing it to make sure
         | their own customers pay the lowest price that prevails in the
         | marketplace. It's just that this is the only mechanism they
         | have for accomplishing that. Amazon can't control what a seller
         | does elsewhere, but if a product is on sale elsewhere, they can
         | basically tell the seller that they refuse to list it on Amazon
         | unless the seller reduces the price to match the other
         | retailer.
         | 
         | So far most of the discussion is about pricing on Amazon vs.
         | other retailers, but Amazon also does this between sellers of
         | the same product on Amazon. If there are multiple sellers of
         | the same product, Amazon will funnel their customers to the
         | seller offer with the lowest price. The jargon term for this is
         | "getting the buy box".
        
           | CogitoCogito wrote:
           | > But Amazon isn't doing this so that they can make the other
           | retailer's customers pay more. They're doing it to make sure
           | their own customers pay the lowest price that prevails in the
           | marketplace.
           | 
           | Those two statements sound like the same thing from different
           | perspectives.
        
           | barelysapient wrote:
           | > But Amazon isn't doing this so that they can make the other
           | retailer's customers pay more. They're doing it to make sure
           | their own customers pay the lowest price that prevails in the
           | marketplace. It's just that this is the only mechanism they
           | have for accomplishing that. Amazon can't control what a
           | seller does elsewhere, but if a product is on sale elsewhere,
           | they can basically tell the seller that they refuse to list
           | it on Amazon unless the seller reduces the price to match the
           | other retailer.
           | 
           | Nonsense. Selling on Amazon takes a 18-33% markup on the
           | price of the product. Amazon forces this margin consumers by
           | requiring sellers to not sell cheaper elsewhere; even though
           | selling elsewhere may cost the seller less.
        
             | wiremonger wrote:
             | > Selling on Amazon takes a 18-33% markup on the price of
             | the product. Amazon forces this margin consumers by
             | requiring sellers to not sell cheaper elsewhere
             | 
             | Amazon charges a referral fee on all 3rd party
             | transactions. It varies by category, but is typically
             | 8-15%. All retailers take similar margins. For instance,
             | the largest retailer in the US is Walmart. Here is a list
             | of their 3rd party referral fees:
             | https://marketplace.walmart.com/referral-fees/.
             | 
             | Given that the retailers all take similar margins, I think
             | it's crazy to somehow paint this as Amazon forcing a markup
             | on customers. All Amazon is doing is refusing to show
             | products if the price on Amazon is higher than at a
             | competitor. It's the seller who chooses what to do about
             | that. They can either raise the price at the competitor,
             | _or they can lower the price on Amazon_.
             | 
             | Again, the retailer's margins are similar, so it shouldn't
             | matter.
        
               | barelysapient wrote:
               | Fees are even less if they sell direct on Ebay or
               | Shopify.
               | 
               | > Given that the retailers all take similar margins, I
               | think it's crazy to somehow paint this as Amazon forcing
               | a markup on customers. All Amazon is doing is refusing to
               | show products if the price on Amazon is higher than at a
               | competitor. It's the seller who chooses what to do about
               | that. They can either raise the price at the competitor,
               | or they can lower the price on Amazon.
               | 
               | Think of it this way: If that was the case, then why does
               | Amazon require them to sell it for the lowest price on
               | Amazon?
               | 
               | Amazon has a dominant market position, extracting more
               | margin then competitors, yet they engage in this anti-
               | competitive and consumer damaging behavior of requiring
               | sellers to sell products at low or below cost in order to
               | 'play' on the amazon.com marketplace.
               | 
               | Shameful.
        
               | wiremonger wrote:
               | > Fees are even less if they sell direct on Ebay or
               | Shopify.
               | 
               | eBay charges similar fees:
               | https://www.ebay.com/help/selling/fees-credits-
               | invoices/sell...
               | 
               | Shopify is not a meaningful comparison, since it is not a
               | marketplace. They don't bring customers to you. They're
               | essentially a hosting and payments provider. You have to
               | get traffic yourself.
               | 
               | > yet they engage in this anti-competitive and consumer
               | damaging behavior of requiring sellers to sell products
               | at low or below cost
               | 
               | Is your position that they are increasing the prices
               | consumer pay or that they're decreasing them?
        
           | AbrahamParangi wrote:
           | But by doing so they _raise_ the price which prevails in the
           | marketplace to their benefit and at a cost to consumers.
        
             | wiremonger wrote:
             | They (as in, Amazon) are not setting prices. The 3rd party
             | sellers decide what the prices are: they can either lower
             | the price on Amazon or raise the price at the other
             | retailer. Amazon doesn't really care; they just want to
             | sell stuff and take their cut. And ensure that customers
             | don't develop a habit of price shopping everything after
             | they do all their research on Amazon.
        
               | AbrahamParangi wrote:
               | By insulating themselves from price competition they
               | indirectly increase prices seen by consumers.
               | 
               | Consider the counterfactual case: if there was an Amazon
               | competitor with higher efficiency they could compete by
               | offering a lower take-rate. Sellers could then sell the
               | same product with the same margin at a lower price, and
               | buyers would benefit from those lower prices.
               | 
               | Instead, Amazon is using its market power to prevent
               | alternative stores from competing with it on price by
               | hamstringing sellers. This means that while the sellers'
               | margin is exposed to competitive pressure, _Amazon's
               | margin is not_. And that means higher prices.
        
         | MisterBastahrd wrote:
         | I think any manufacturer will tell you that one of the worst
         | ways to do business is to sell your product for less than
         | you're listing it in the storefronts of companies willing to
         | buy from you for retail. If you're going to undercut your
         | business partners, they will find someone else to do business
         | with.
         | 
         | Most manufacturers with their own storefronts won't discount
         | product unless they've allowed it in other storefronts and / or
         | until the product has been discontinued. Don't bite the hand
         | that feeds you.
         | 
         | On the other hand, Amazon enforcing this as a rule is sort of
         | ass-backwards.
         | 
         | I remember a 2007ish USSC case that utterly changed the premium
         | cigar market because it allowed manufacturers to enforce MSRP
         | against gigantic volume discounters, which raised prices across
         | the board overnight but also gave the manufacturers breathing
         | room when it came to their own profit.
        
           | themagician wrote:
           | Was 100% true years ago. Now it's less so.
           | 
           | With Amazon, as with local retail, there are people who are
           | willing to pay more simply for the convenience. Elasticity
           | varies by category and item, of course, but people would be
           | surprised just how many manufactures do undercut retailers
           | and distributors that they sell to.
           | 
           | Part of this is that retail has tried to maintain its >50%
           | margin for items that it doesn't even sell in store anymore.
           | Manufactures know this and effectively cut their discount by
           | selling an item $10 themselves, while only giving the
           | retailer 40% discount. Retail still wants their >50% margin,
           | so they will sell that same item for $11 both online and at
           | B&M. In many cases this actually works out well for everyone.
           | You would think that everyone would just buy direct and save
           | a dollar, but you'd be surprised how many people want the
           | convenience or simply have loyalty to a retailer for some
           | reason.
        
           | gmadsen wrote:
           | the difference is that amazon is an online monopoly with
           | insane fees on sellers. Forcing them to use the pricing on
           | amazon elsewhere, ensures people buy it on amazon, and
           | ensures amazon can continue to bleed sellers for however much
           | they deem appropriate.
        
             | wiremonger wrote:
             | > with insane fees on sellers
             | 
             | We sell on Amazon. The fees are not insane. It varies by
             | category, but typically they range from 10-15%. Amazon
             | brings tons of value to the relationship, so we're happy to
             | pay that fee.
        
               | theturtletalks wrote:
               | 10-15% could be 50-60% profit for most sellers. Sure
               | they're beneficial to you now, but what happens when
               | Amazon starts private labeling the same things you sell?
               | Or your supplier starts selling on Amazon and
               | undercutting you? There's a reason new DTC brands avoid
               | Amazon and that's cause you're not building a customer
               | base or your brand, just helping Amazon build there's.
        
               | wiremonger wrote:
               | > 10-15% could be 50-60% profit for most sellers.
               | 
               | Yup. Amazon provides an extremely valuable service to us:
               | they provide a stream of customers who are at the end of
               | the sales funnel and ready to convert because they trust
               | Amazon's platform.
               | 
               | > What happens when Amazon starts private labeling the
               | same things you sell? Or your supplier starts selling on
               | Amazon and undercutting you?
               | 
               | This is going to blow your mind, but we compete against
               | _both_ Amazon Basics _and_ our factory.
               | 
               | We compete with Amazon Basics by selling a differentiated
               | product. Amazon will never be able to compete in every
               | product niche and at every level of
               | quality/differentiation. It's actually not possible for
               | the same reason that a centrally planned economy breaks
               | down above a certain level of complexity: there are
               | simply too many different niches that need to be
               | addressed and the profit motive is the only system we've
               | discovered which ensures that they get addressed.
               | 
               | And we compete with our supplier by understanding the
               | market better. They're good at manufacturing, but they
               | don't really understand the end user. The type of
               | personality that is good at operating a factory tends not
               | to be the type of personality that is good at marketing.
               | HN doesn't really like to hear this, but sales and
               | marketing are actually an important part of running a
               | business, especially one that sells to consumers.
        
               | philistine wrote:
               | So you're one good hire away from losing your business.
               | I'd be sure to differentiate and have other venues for
               | revenue.
        
               | NickC25 wrote:
               | > _There's a reason new DTC brands avoid Amazon and
               | that's cause you're not building a customer base or your
               | brand, just helping Amazon build there's._
               | 
               | THIS X10000! Happened to a colleague of mine not too long
               | ago. She developed a product, and sold on Amazon as well
               | as her own storefront. As soon as she started seeing
               | solid volume on Amazon, her product became an "Amazon
               | preferred product" or something like that. However,
               | within 2 weeks of getting that distinction, her sales
               | dropped to 0 on Amazon. Why? Amazon started selling a
               | nearly identical product - Amazon used the sales data to
               | understand her product was popular, and went right to her
               | supplier and cut her out of the equation.
               | 
               | Amazon does this constantly.
        
               | scarby2 wrote:
               | > Amazon used the sales data to understand her product
               | was popular, and went right to her supplier and cut her
               | out of the equation.
               | 
               | This is not a new thing either. Or unique to amazon. This
               | has been going on for decades (or as long as retailers
               | have had own label products). Every
               | Walmart/safeway/target/kroger branded product is
               | essentially a clone of somebody else's product that they
               | figured out they could do cheaper.
               | 
               | Years ago my MiL was selling her baked goods directly to
               | a local grocery chain. They then decided to bring baking
               | in house and came out with an almost identical product
               | line.
               | 
               | If you have a product that is easily copied/reproduced
               | (and not patentable) then a retailer can remove your
               | margin by doing it themselves and in this case your value
               | becomes the brand/brand recognition and not the product
               | itself.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | >the difference is that amazon is an online monopoly with
             | insane fees on sellers
             | 
             | It is very easy for me to not type Amazon.com and type any
             | other website address. In fact, I am easily able to avoid
             | Amazon for any non garbage goods I'm looking for. I can
             | even go to eBay.com or aliexpress.com if I want equivalent
             | garbage sold on Amazon.com
             | 
             | I struggle to see how it is a monopoly in any sense. On the
             | seller side, they can choose to use USPS/FedEx/UPS to ship.
        
               | themagician wrote:
               | It's easy for you, but not for others.
               | 
               | And if you make a product getting it off Amazon is
               | basically impossible, so it's in your interest to use it
               | and maintain your own listings. If you don't, someone
               | else will.
        
       | ComputerGuru wrote:
       | This is where financial lawyers come in handy and you learn why
       | companies are selling a $4000 product for $1500 with a coupon
       | code that is plastered all over their site and auto-applied to
       | your cart on checkout instead of just reducing the price (even if
       | still showing the old price with a strikethrough). They're
       | forbidden from selling the product for less than MSRP or some
       | ratio thereof, but the coupon applies a discount to your total
       | order (without discounting the product itself) so it flies. Or so
       | I've been told.
        
       | Entinel wrote:
       | I feel like most storefronts do this? I know Steam does this as
       | well. Games are not allowed to be cheaper elsewhere than they are
       | on Steam.
        
         | haunter wrote:
         | >Games are not allowed to be cheaper elsewhere than they are on
         | Steam
         | 
         | Afaik that's only if you sell Steam keys (which are generated
         | by Valve on the request of the publisher that they then pass
         | down to resellers like Humble for example or they sell on their
         | own).
         | 
         | BUT even then it sounds incredibly hard to enforce when Steam
         | has a regional pricing policy and you can actually find games
         | cheaper from official sources if you are in a "wrong" region
        
           | Dracophoenix wrote:
           | If key resellers are any indication, many games have Steam
           | keys that can only be activated in certain regions.
        
         | Sohcahtoa82 wrote:
         | [citation needed]
         | 
         | I frequently buy Steam keys on other sites such as Fanatical
         | and the Humble Store because they're priced lower, so I don't
         | think this is true at all.
        
         | solardev wrote:
         | That's not true, there is an entire ecosystem of Steam
         | resellers. Check out isthereanydeal.com
         | 
         | Almost always you can find Steam keys for significantly cheaper
         | elsewhere (and I don't mean shady places like G2A).
         | 
         | Greenmangaming, Fanatical, Humble, etc. are all wonderful.
         | There's even a chrome plug in that will find alternate
         | resellers for you while you're browsing steam.
        
           | Dracophoenix wrote:
           | > There's even a chrome plug in that will find alternate
           | resellers for you while you're browsing steam.
           | 
           | I'm guessing you mean Augmented Steam? Or do you have another
           | one?
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | I thought in Steam's case this only applied if you're selling
         | Steam keys? I.e. you can't sell Steam keys for less from your
         | website than they are on Steam itself. I've definitely seen
         | games for cheaper on GoG, for example. Though that may just
         | have been a case of loose enforcement.
         | 
         | Edit: Hmmm. How did Humble Bundle operate? Many of the games in
         | the older "pay what you want" bundles were distributed via a
         | Steam key. Did Steam make an exception for them?
        
         | thayne wrote:
         | "someone else does the same thing" doesn't mean it is ok.
        
       | LatteLazy wrote:
       | How does being allowed to charge Amazon customers more than other
       | customers help customers? More and more, I feel like state
       | officials just want to sue amazon etc for publicity, and they
       | either don't know or don't care what the law or market norms
       | are...
        
         | tehlike wrote:
         | See my comment above.
        
           | LatteLazy wrote:
           | Thanks. Replied there!
        
         | stetrain wrote:
         | It means that if Amazon's cut, fees, etc. are higher than a
         | competitor, the seller can't price accordingly.
         | 
         | This prevents the market (consumers) from being able to make a
         | decision that favors lower margins for the middleman.
        
           | ThunderSizzle wrote:
           | That's normal for MSRP though. If 50 websites sold a brand,
           | and that brand had a MSRP, and one brand undercut that MSRP,
           | the 49 other sites are going to send it to the brand and
           | write of a cease & desist to that one site.
           | 
           | Typically the brand does the enforcement, but competition
           | does it just as much, since price shopping and competition
           | can be brutal in eCommerce.
           | 
           | It doesn't matter if one store has lower fees (e.g. doesn't
           | accept Amex compared to another store) - they can't undercut
           | MSRP.
        
             | stetrain wrote:
             | A brand telling a store what to sell for is the inverse of
             | a store telling the brand what to do in other stores.
             | 
             | Although both of those situations are a party using their
             | market power to reduce price competition, so I'm not sure
             | either is a good thing.
        
             | axiolite wrote:
             | > That's normal for MSRP though. If 50 websites sold a
             | brand, and that brand had a MSRP, and one brand undercut
             | that MSRP, the 49 other sites are going to send it to the
             | brand and write of a cease & desist to that one site.
             | 
             | No clue what you're talking about here... MSRP has NEVER
             | been a REQUIRED price to sell at. MSRP is generally the
             | MAXIMUM price an item is sold for, with a healthy profit
             | margin baked-in. If 49 retailers are _colluding_ to keep
             | prices at MSRP, they 're breaking the law and are bound to
             | be caught and heavily fined for doing so.
             | 
             | What manufacturers try to enforce is a MAP (minimum
             | advertised price). However, the MAP is still NOT the lowest
             | price one can sell a product for, only the lowest they can
             | advertise the price at. When an e-Commerce website doesn't
             | prominently list a price, but instead says "Add to cart to
             | see our price" it's because they're selling it below MAP.
             | That is still perfectly legal, there aren't 49 other
             | retailers out there ready to punish them for doing so, and
             | the manufacturer can't do a thing as long as they don't
             | prominently advertise that lower price. The "street price"
             | is _almost always_ below MSRP, and it 's not very unusual
             | for it to be below MAP as well.                   Both MAP
             | and MSRP represent pricing levels/suggestions by the
             | manufacturers to the retailer; The retailer is not bound to
             | use either price, and can go higher or lower than either;
             | https://www.liveabout.com/map-vs-msrp-pricing-1564214
        
               | ThunderSizzle wrote:
               | Apologies on the MSPR <> MAP mixup, but the rest of I
               | said is true in terms of MAP.
               | 
               | Even "going to cart" to get price can be seen as improper
               | avoidance of MAP by some brands. The only way to get
               | around MAP, in that case, is via more hidden things, like
               | a coupon code from an email.
               | 
               | I've even seen brands require a specific shipping charge
               | - and that it couldn't be combined with the item's MAP to
               | show "free shipping", even through the cart.
               | 
               | And yes, while "MAP" is not technically legally
               | enforceable, a brand can also tell that store they won't
               | let them sale any more...so it's still perfectly
               | enforceable if the brand wants to continue with the 49
               | other stores and drop that 1 store.
        
             | stale2002 wrote:
             | Enforcing an MSRP is bad for consumers.
             | 
             | It disallows a store from passing on savings to a consumer.
             | 
             | A store should be allowed to sell something for cheaper if
             | it wants.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | enforcing a MSRP is usually illegal though. it's called
             | "manufacturer's _suggested_ retail price " for a reason.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The way it's enforced is by true distributor cutting that
               | retailer off.
               | 
               | Usually you can get around it with "see price in cart"
               | trickery.
        
               | axiolite wrote:
               | No, you're confusing MSRP with MAP (minimum advertised
               | price). MSRP is typically the MAXIMUM price you'll see an
               | item sold for, while MAP is typically the MINIMUM.
        
       | xivzgrev wrote:
       | I hope the judge rightfully calls out the market power of Amazon
       | is more monopoloy-like. They currently own almost 40% of all US
       | ecommerce. The next largest is Walmart at ...6%.
       | 
       | So while Amazon says you're free to sell your stuff elsewhere,
       | the reality is you've have to be on a LOT of market places to
       | equal Amazon's share, and that's just not feasible for your
       | typical small biz.
       | 
       | https://www.statista.com/statistics/274255/market-share-of-t....
        
       | Karellen wrote:
       | See also Cory Doctorow's take on the suit:
       | 
       | https://pluralistic.net/2022/09/15/prime-suspect/
        
       | belter wrote:
       | "California files lawsuit against Amazon for blocking price
       | competition" - https://english.elpais.com/economy-and-
       | business/2022-09-15/c...
        
       | wiremonger wrote:
       | This is nuts. Amazon is simply choosing not to show the product.
       | It's the seller who decides what to do about that. They can raise
       | the price at the other retailer _or they can lower the price at
       | Amazon_. Fees are similar across all of the marketplaces, so it
       | 's not like sellers make lower margins on Amazon.
        
       | GeneT45 wrote:
       | I favor Amazon on this. No company has a "right" to sell on
       | Amazon, so they're free to go and advertise elsewhere. If they
       | want to use Amazon's enormous market presence a few concessions
       | seem reasonable. Expecting Amazon to stock, advertise, and manage
       | your product while you work to undersell them is **you** being
       | unreasonable.
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | Eh it's pretty anticompetitive since you need Amazon to get any
         | sales, while you won't be able to make money even if you go
         | through lengths to specifically bid against a.co ads and pull a
         | customer to your own website.
        
       | legitster wrote:
       | Is this actually true? I am looking up several different products
       | and the off-Amazon prices are all lower. I do not shop on Amazon
       | because of cost.
       | 
       | > In a statement, an Amazon spokesperson said California had the
       | situation "exactly backwards." Third-parties still have control
       | over prices, Amazon claimed, and inclusion in the "Buy Box" space
       | supposedly shows that a deal is truly competitive. It further
       | contended that the suit would raise prices. You can read the full
       | statement below.
       | 
       | I know we should take official Amazon statements with a huge
       | grain of salt, but after the Prop K fiasco, I am worried about
       | people not actually bothering to research actual Amazon business
       | practices before pushing something like this.
        
         | daveloyall wrote:
         | Here is one data point.
         | 
         | I purchased a M.2 device from Amazon this morning. It has a
         | warranty serviced by the seller, so I checked to see if the
         | seller is likely to continue to exist during the timeframe of
         | the warranty.
         | 
         | I discovered the seller indeed has been selling memory products
         | since 2017. While checking out their website (in the Wayback
         | machine, too) I noticed that they have a shopping cart
         | mechanism and indeed the same product is available there.
         | 
         | I noted that Amazon lists the product as being shipped by the
         | seller. I note that the seller actively answers questions on
         | their product pages on Amazon. Sounds as if nothing would
         | change for me if I buy from the seller's website vs. Amazon.
         | 
         | I decided to cut out the middleman. I speculate that Amazon
         | would otherwise take a percentage and I'd prefer to support the
         | small business.
         | 
         | Turns out the product is a few bucks more expensive on the
         | seller's website.
         | 
         | I can only speculate as to why that would be the case.
         | 
         | I finish the transaction (on Amazon) and refresh HN. Here is
         | this story. So, I for one believe the accusations leveled
         | against Amazon.
        
           | dominotw wrote:
           | > I decided to cut out the middleman. I speculate that Amazon
           | would otherwise take a percentage and I'd prefer to support
           | the small business.
           | 
           | Do you really want to give out your financial information on
           | some shady overseas websites though?
        
             | pas wrote:
             | yes. it takes 2 seconds to create a new virtual bank card.
             | also most things on a non-centralized marketplace are cheap
             | compared to the premium of Amazon's total hegemony
        
               | dominotw wrote:
               | > it takes 2 seconds to create a new virtual bank card.
               | 
               | how do you do this? My bank used to have this back in the
               | day but they yanked it.
        
             | ThatPlayer wrote:
             | Yes. Credit cards have fraud protection.
             | 
             | Plenty of stores also support Google Pay, or Apple Pay.
             | PayPal or Amazon Pay. Or are clearly basic Shopify stores.
             | What is the alternative, only using "big name" payments?
             | That's how you get monopolies rent-seeking.
        
         | throwabro112 wrote:
         | Re: Prop K
         | 
         | > The idea of taxing Amazon for guaranteed income was popular:
         | the tax polled at 74% support, according to its supporters, and
         | received more than twice the necessary amount of signatures.
         | 
         | What I don't comprehend is how these actions by regulators,
         | while obviously popular, actually help people get elected. I
         | don't understand why unelected regulators would be doing low-
         | information nonsense at all.
        
           | legitster wrote:
           | The story itself is kind of wild in Prop K's case:
           | https://sfstandard.com/politics/san-francisco-housing-
           | todco-...
           | 
           | >"I never imagined that their cloud services or Prime video
           | are more revenue than all the stuff I buy from them,"
           | Elberling said. "I never imagined that to be true."
        
         | thrownaway1239 wrote:
         | About 8 years ago I was working with a retailer who had started
         | selling on Amazon.
         | 
         | I don't know if they still do this, but Amazon would detect if
         | promotions for the products occurred on other sites. Amazon
         | would instruct us to lower the prices to match or risk various
         | penalties. I do not remember the exact penalties, but this
         | article seems right.
         | 
         | Amazon would also detect those prices _fast_. I always assumed
         | they had their own web crawler that checked for it. I saw some
         | retailers trying to obscure their non-Amazon promotions, to
         | make them less detectable by the crawler. E.g. splitting
         | "Discount" into individual  <span>'s
         | 
         | The page is skimpy on details but
         | https://www.amazon.com/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=...
         | 
         | > _We constantly compare Amazon 's prices to our competitors'
         | prices to make sure that our prices are as low or lower than
         | all relevant competitors_
        
           | NickC25 wrote:
           | > _I don't know if they still do this, but Amazon would
           | detect if promotions for the products occurred on other
           | sites. Amazon would instruct us to lower the prices to match
           | or risk various penalties. I do not remember the exact
           | penalties, but this article seems right._
           | 
           | Yeah, that happened with my buddy and I about 5 years ago. We
           | initially had some hacky workarounds but quite quickly they
           | had a human go through and make sure there was nothing that
           | the computer didn't pick up on. Scary quick, too. Even when
           | we figured we could eat shipping/warehousing fees (we had
           | part of our own website's stock shipping out of my friend's
           | house) the Amazon rep complained that it would allow
           | consumers to find a lower price.
        
         | tjsix wrote:
         | Yes, it most definitely is true. The company I work for designs
         | and sells somewhat niche products geared towards photographers
         | which we sell via our own website, retail camera stores and on
         | Amazon. Since we do not allow our retailers to sell on Amazon
         | so we are the only official seller of our products on the
         | marketplace.
         | 
         | We ran a sale for Labor day where we discounted our products on
         | our website, but did not discount them on Amazon. Within 36
         | hours of the prices being reduced on our website we started to
         | receive notifications from Amazon that our "offers" were
         | ineligible due to not having the lowest price. Upon checking
         | the listings, they had removed the buy box, essentially making
         | it a multiple-click process for anyone to actually buy the
         | products.
         | 
         | This happens anytime we, or any of our retailers that have an
         | ecommerce presence discount our products without discounting
         | them on Amazon. It's ridiculous.
        
           | ComputerGuru wrote:
           | Did they restore your buy box after you rectified the
           | situation?
        
           | kyleee wrote:
           | does amazon scrape your website to automate this type of
           | enforcement action?
           | 
           | just wondering if you could show their bot the higher price
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-09-16 23:01 UTC)