[HN Gopher] Carbon footprint of unwanted data use by smartphones
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       Carbon footprint of unwanted data use by smartphones
        
       Author : ZacnyLos
       Score  : 77 points
       Date   : 2022-09-14 16:26 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (branch.climateaction.tech)
 (TXT) w3m dump (branch.climateaction.tech)
        
       | slim wrote:
       | I installed Lineage os on my phone and now my battery lasts four
       | days (it lasted only one day before)
        
       | medv wrote:
       | Carbon-live.
        
       | WirelessGigabit wrote:
       | I cannot imagine the sheer amount of energy wasted by a whole
       | bunch of NPM packages running on my phone...
        
         | criddell wrote:
         | Maybe there should be a carbon tax on an app's typical resource
         | usage once they have more than a million users.
         | 
         | Microsoft, for example, has how many hundreds of millions of
         | Teams users? If anybody has the knowledge and resources to
         | build an efficient application, it's Microsoft. But instead, to
         | save pennies per user, they build with Electron and waste a
         | huge amount of energy.
        
           | horsawlarway wrote:
           | In all seriousness - there are already taxes on exactly this
           | in many countries, and even the US has considered carbon
           | taxes on this.
           | 
           | The big secret? Electricity costs money, and is taxed.
           | 
           | Basically - why fucking bother with trying to measure and
           | assess these applications when there are already measurements
           | on the root consumption - electric power.
           | 
           | Long story short - it's a pretty useless thing to be focused
           | on - it costs well under $5 to charge a smartphone for a
           | year's worth of usage. There are simply much, MUCH more
           | impactful changes we could be focused on.
           | 
           | This is a waste of time.
        
             | kornhole wrote:
             | And how many people have or will have handsets in the near
             | future? If it is 3 billion people and we can reduce the
             | power consumption by 25%, it would be a lot. Reduction in
             | data center usage of power is the other part. $5 a year of
             | electricity per phone sounds low, but maybe you can share
             | where you got that number?
        
               | systoll wrote:
               | $5/year is an extremely high estimate.
               | 
               | A phone with a 5000mAh battery (more than any iPhone)
               | takes about 20 watt hours of power to charge.
               | 
               | Charging it from empty to full each day would use about
               | 7.3 kWh per year.
               | 
               | Electricity costs about 15c per kWh.
        
         | horsawlarway wrote:
         | I, too, struggle to imagine "infinitesimal".
        
       | philipkglass wrote:
       | The full report is here:
       | https://groenlinks.nl/sites/groenlinks/files/2021-09/CE_Delf...
       | 
       | I don't believe their numbers. They say that data use over wi-fi
       | consumes 150 watt-hours per gigabyte transferred, or 220 watt-
       | hours per gigabyte when including the energy used in data
       | centers.
       | 
       | Downloading Call of Duty: Black Ops Cold War, at 250 GB [1],
       | would consume 37.5 to 55 kilowatt hours depending on whether you
       | use the lower or upper figures. That's more energy than you need
       | to fully charge a Nissan Leaf. Watching 8k video on YouTube can
       | transfer up to 22.5 GB per hour [2]. At 220 watt-hours per GB
       | transferred that implies 4,950 watts of power -- comparable to
       | running a large air conditioner or an electric oven. If data
       | transfer really had these huge power demands, you'd see
       | electrical brownouts whenever a hot new streaming series debuts.
       | 
       | When I've investigated reports like this before, the flaw of the
       | methodology is usually something like:
       | 
       | 1) Take a well-sourced megabits-per-watt study of networking
       | equipment that somebody published long ago -- say, in 2003.
       | 
       | 2) Measure today's data consumption.
       | 
       | 3) Multiply the 2022 data consumption number by the 2003 energy
       | intensity number. Get a huge result.
       | 
       | Figuring out what happened in step 1 can be difficult because of
       | indirect citations. A current paper will cite "Davy, 2018" but
       | you look at the Davy references and it's getting numbers from
       | "Smith, 2012" while Smith sources from "Chu, 2008" and Chu
       | finally references the person who measured it: "Graham, 2003."
       | 
       | [1] https://gamerant.com/pc-games-file-size-hd-space-biggest-
       | hug...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.androidauthority.com/how-much-data-does-
       | youtube-...
        
         | jonas21 wrote:
         | Yeah, many things in the report seems a bit off. Like they
         | assume everyone uses the same amount of data regardless of what
         | kind of network they're on. So since 5% of users are on 2G
         | networks, they assume 5% of total data is transferred over 2G
         | (which is ~400x less efficient per byte than 5G).
         | 
         | > _The EU average energy consumption of data traffic depends on
         | the distribution of mobile networks used for cellular data
         | traffic. The Ericsson mobility report also provides information
         | on the type of smartphone subscription. This data is summarised
         | in Table 3. We make the assumption that the distribution of the
         | total data-use over the different mobile networks is the same._
         | 
         | According to their numbers, 2G would account for nearly two
         | thirds of total mobile energy use, which probably should've
         | made them question their assumptions.
        
           | p1necone wrote:
           | There seems to be a lot here that doesn't pass even a cursory
           | sniff test. Just thinking about the power consumption of the
           | networking equipment involved and doing some quick napkin
           | math should have at least made them suspicious of their
           | results.
        
             | philipkglass wrote:
             | You can spot-check a lot of claims with freshman level
             | knowledge of the natural sciences, unit conversion, and
             | arithmetic. But this combination of simple, powerful skills
             | is less common than I would like.
        
       | Arrath wrote:
       | While not reflecting on the carbon footprint, I was surprised to
       | see just how many queries from my phone were blocked by PiHole
       | once I set it up. Every minute, even when sitting there not being
       | used. What an eventual waste of battery, data and processing
       | power.
       | 
       | I do wonder how many of those queries may be repetitions upon the
       | first one being blocked but even still.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | What really sucks about the more recent ios versions is that
         | they make it a little counterintuitive to shut off your radios
         | when you don't need them. If you want to actually shut off your
         | wifi or blutooth its in your Settings app, the buttons in the
         | control center don't actually shut things off.
         | 
         | Sometimes I just throw the device in airplaine mode for a while
         | if I am busy or overnight. This is a lot better than low power
         | mode; the device just sips power and can probably be on standby
         | for a week versus hopefully a day with all the services on the
         | device phoning home in the background. I flick it on when I
         | have a chance to actually follow up on text or calls, and they
         | come in a few seconds after.
        
           | Arrath wrote:
           | > What really sucks about the more recent ios versions is
           | that they make it a little counterintuitive to shut off your
           | radios when you don't need them. If you want to actually shut
           | off your wifi or blutooth its in your Settings app, the
           | buttons in the control center don't actually shut things off.
           | 
           | This annoys the absolute hell out of me.
           | 
           | > Sometimes I just throw the device in airplaine mode for a
           | while if I am busy or overnight.
           | 
           | I have made a habit of doing the same when I'm going
           | somewhere remote that doesn't have service, else the phone
           | will thrash the battery to death vainly searching for signal.
        
       | kleiba wrote:
       | "Unwanted" only by the user.
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | I also bet that using less performance oriented languages like
       | Php, Ruby, Python in the datacenter instead of Rust and C++ also
       | has a huge Carbon footprint.
       | 
       | Honestly, the only way forward to really fight climate change is
       | to decouple carbon from power generation.
       | 
       | Everything else is just wasting time re-arranging deck chairs on
       | the Titanic.
       | 
       | That means we need to be all in on zero emissions power
       | generation (wind, solar, hydro, nuclear) as well as conversion of
       | combustion engines to electric (see electric cars).
        
         | mellavora wrote:
         | (see electric cars^h^h^h^hbikes).
         | 
         | There, fixed it for you.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Datacenter energy usage is irrelevant to our global situation.
         | A large cloud datacenter uses a similar amount of power as 1
         | large aircraft. All U.S. datacenters combined consumed about 1%
         | of U.S. electric power, meaning they constitute much less than
         | 1% of all energy demand. And despite the fact that cloud
         | capacity has exploded in the last 10 years, electric power
         | consumption of datacenters has barely increased, because the
         | cloud is so dramatically more efficient than other datacenters.
        
           | AtlasBarfed wrote:
           | source? Bitcoin network allegedly uses as much electricity as
           | Argentina based on headlines (and... those are headlines).
           | Yes that's global, but still.
        
             | ElevenLathe wrote:
             | I'm not sure of the source (as I'm not the parent), but I
             | wouldn't classify crypto farms as "datacenters". They have
             | very low needs in terms of bandwidth and reliability. Many
             | of them are barns on consumer ISP connections filled with
             | bare mobos sitting on pieces of cardboard, or other similar
             | arrangements that are presumably OK given the economics of
             | crypto, but wouldn't be sellable even as cloud compute for
             | most purposes in the current market (it might be OK for
             | batch-type stuff that doesn't involve tons of transfer --
             | some kinds of scientific workloads like Folding@Home
             | maybe?).
        
           | Peanuts99 wrote:
           | How can all US data centers make up 1% of US electrical power
           | and at the same time only use the same amount of energy as 1
           | large aircraft?
        
       | dools wrote:
       | I wonder if the respondents understood the consequences of
       | disabling advertising.
       | 
       | Like was the question "do you want to pay to use Kwazy Kupcakes,
       | lose access to Kwazy Kupcakes, or allow Kwazy Kupcakes to show
       | you ads?" or was it just "Should Kwazy Kupcakes be allowed to spy
       | on you?"
       | 
       | Because I have a hunch it would be far fewer than 60% if they
       | understood the consequences of destroying the revenue model of
       | their shitty free to play games they use to numb their brains at
       | every available opportunity.
        
       | eulgro wrote:
       | The website allows you to load images individually by clicking on
       | them, it goes well with the title :)
        
         | Syonyk wrote:
         | Indeed! I just ran it through the inspector, it only transfers
         | 257kb in the initial load! Impressive!
         | 
         | The images are super tight, too.
         | 
         |  _Buuut_ , it loads the "Two girls sitting on couch" image even
         | though it doesn't display it by default.
        
       | wmf wrote:
       | Tax carbon and move on. These (inaccurate) calculations and the
       | resulting guilt trips are the real waste of resources.
        
       | lotu wrote:
       | They say that this is 3-8 Metric tons of carbon per year. For
       | comparison a 747 flying from New York to London one way emits 500
       | Metric tons of carbon. Europe is emitting around 2 BILLION Metric
       | tons of carbon per year.
       | 
       | I personally don't think this is an effective use of resources if
       | our goal is to stop climate change.
        
         | hgomersall wrote:
         | They're measuring in Mega Tonnes, not metric tons.
        
           | tines wrote:
           | GP needs to fix their comment, it's completely inaccurate and
           | presents to people who don't read the article an entirely
           | wrong conclusion.
        
         | kornhole wrote:
         | I agree that we should focus on the major uses of power, but
         | the trajectory of computing and data center usage is
         | accelerating quickly. We have the opportunity to get ahead of
         | it rather than try to rip out and replace later as we are doing
         | with power plants and transportation, all very costly.
        
       | kornhole wrote:
       | Another bonus of turning off these advertising activities on
       | phones and networks is that people are not as manipulated into
       | buying more crap they don't need. Mass consumerism is a major
       | cause of CO2 production.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | kornhole wrote:
       | My friends are surprised when I show them my little raspberry PI
       | on which I have running two social media instances, two search
       | engines, Nextcloud, XMPP, email and some other services for a
       | dozen people. I explain that my services don't have any
       | advertising, blockchain, surveillance, or data mining which
       | massively reduces the amount of resources needed. We are all in
       | the same town which shortens the data transfers. My phone also
       | stays powered for days since it is using primarily my local
       | services and no Goopple. This is a secure, private, and lower
       | carbon solution I hope more people employ.
        
         | Le_Dook wrote:
         | Do you have any write-up about your setup? I've been interested
         | for a while in self hosting myself at home, but things like
         | security and such are quite confusing and conflicting at times,
         | I find.
        
           | kornhole wrote:
           | Here is a guide I hope helps get you started:
           | https://growyourown.services/ I am using
           | https://yunohost.org, but https://pibox.io/ looks like a cool
           | setup that takes care of some of the more difficult things
           | such as tunneling and backups.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | This reminds me of the obscure campaign to change the Google
       | homepage background to black to save electricity. There are much
       | higher value things to spend our time and attention on.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Black is a high power state for LCDs.
        
           | always2slow wrote:
           | Not for OLEDs. I just tested my LG C1, 64 watt difference
           | between full screen black #0000000 and full screen white
           | #FFFFFF at 120hz
        
             | Dma54rhs wrote:
             | What was the difference?
        
               | always2slow wrote:
               | 64 watts?
        
         | NotYourLawyer wrote:
         | It's not the biggest waste in the world, but it's a
         | particularly galling one. "You want to spy on me, use my data
         | cap, use my battery, and generate CO2? No thanks."
        
       | Tycho wrote:
       | My work MacBook Pro had been running hot for months. Whenever I
       | check the app power consumption it would list Chrome, but I felt
       | that was to be expected. Eventually I got curious and looked at
       | the Task Manager within Chrome to see which of the many tabs was
       | actually using a lot of CPU/memory/energy. Turns out this niche
       | Scottish ancestry website, with a mostly-text layout and a 1990s
       | advertising banner was hogging almost an entire core, constantly,
       | in the background. And this had been going on for months!
        
         | wildrhythms wrote:
         | Every web developer and designer should be forced to experience
         | their site on a low-power Chromebook or rPi before they can
         | launch it.
         | 
         | In an ideal world, web browsers would enforce some reasonable
         | runtime memory cap (let's say 5MB for now) and CPU limit on
         | websites, and users must give permission for the site to break
         | the cap.
         | 
         | Or perhaps a search engine that establishes some reasonable
         | resource caps and de-ranks websites that break the cap.
        
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       (page generated 2022-09-14 23:01 UTC)