[HN Gopher] Speculoos-2c: A new potentially habitable earth
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Speculoos-2c: A new potentially habitable earth
        
       Author : wiz21c
       Score  : 141 points
       Date   : 2022-09-07 10:47 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.news.uliege.be)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.news.uliege.be)
        
       | danabrams wrote:
       | Phew! Found a new one just in time.
        
       | moconnor wrote:
       | 36% larger radius than Earth means ~2.5x more volume. _If_ it has
       | a similar density to Earth 2.5g would probably stretch the
       | definition of habitable for humans. This doesn 't rule out
       | habitation by other life, of course.
       | 
       | Cool that we're finding interesting planets though! An actually
       | human-habitable planet would, I think, have a significant
       | cultural impact here on Earth.
        
         | shireboy wrote:
         | Assuming organisms adapted to live there, it would be harder
         | for them to reach escape velocity to leave their planet. Is
         | there a cut-off where known physics says it's impractical to
         | leave a planet? Ie the most powerful practical fuel wouldn't be
         | enough for any mass to reach escape velocity?
        
           | jmillikin wrote:
           | https://space.stackexchange.com/questions/14383/how-much-
           | big...
           | 
           | There's a table in that link of how much reaction mass is
           | needed to reach orbit. At 1.5g it requires about 500% as much
           | rocket as Earth. At 2.5g the number is ... much larger.
        
         | est31 wrote:
         | > 36% larger radius than Earth means ~2.5x more volume. If it
         | has a similar density to Earth 2.5g would probably stretch the
         | definition of habitable for humans.
         | 
         | Volume scales cubically, yes. And therefore, also does the
         | gravitational pull by the object at the same distance to the
         | center. But due to the larger radius, you are also further
         | away. Gravity respects the inverse square law. This means that
         | the surface gravity of an object that maintains the same
         | density increases linearly with the object's size.
         | 
         | In other words, you would have 1.36g on the planet's surface,
         | not 2.5g. But that's assuming same density. Even within our own
         | solar system this is not true: Mars's surface gravity is 0.38
         | of earth's gravity but 0.53 of earth's radius. The gravity is
         | lower than it would be if Mars had the same density as earth.
        
         | a3w wrote:
         | same density, higher size does not mean 2.5 g. Only some of
         | that mass is below you. Some is to the front, right, back,
         | left, where vectors in sum are zero.
        
           | throwawaymaths wrote:
           | This is incorrect, the decrease comes from being at a higher
           | altitude from the center of the planet, see gauss' law for
           | gravity. If you kept the altitude the same the force would be
           | exactly proportional as expected.
        
           | anonymous_sorry wrote:
           | Also, all the "extra" mass is further away from you, and
           | gravitation is proprtional to distance cubed. Interesting.
           | 
           | Apparently surface gravity is proportional to mass/radius^2
           | [0]
           | 
           | Assuming constant density as per the grandparent, the mass
           | increases with the cube of the radius.
           | 
           | Which simplifies to surface gravity being proportional to the
           | radius of the planet.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_gravity
        
         | mamikonyana wrote:
         | It actually gets you 1.36g, given the same density (your
         | assumption) and using the fact that you are further away from
         | the center of mass you get
         | 
         | g ~ density x radius [0]
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_of_Earth#Depth
        
         | ShredKazoo wrote:
         | 2.5g means you weigh 2.5 times as much. So if you're 150lbs on
         | Earth that means you'd weigh 375lbs on this new planet.
         | Weighing 375lbs is certainly inconvenient, but it's not like
         | habitation at 375lbs is impossible, especially if you have a
         | scooter.
         | 
         | I wonder what happens if a human child grows up in a 2.5g
         | environment. I imagine they grow up to be short, stocky, and
         | extremely muscular.
         | 
         | Adaptation probably plays a big role here. If you give a 150lb
         | person a suit that weighs 225 lbs and tell them to wear it all
         | the time, they probably give up after a few days. But if you
         | tell a 150lb person to eat more until they're 375lbs, their
         | body has time to adapt.
         | 
         | Since the new planet is 100 light years away, even at the speed
         | of light we're talking about a 100-year journey minimum. Maybe
         | the generation ship used to make the journey could use
         | artificial gravity to smoothly transition from 1g to 2.5g over
         | the course of 100 years. Loading the ship with people who are
         | stocky & muscular is another option.
         | 
         | I don't think living in enhanced gravity needs to be terrible.
         | Astronauts have to exercise more in order to maintain fitness
         | in low-gravity environments. It appears to follow that if
         | you're living in an enhanced-gravity environment, you can get
         | away with exercising a lot less and still maintain fitness :-)
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | More importantly, this sounds like planets tidally locked
         | around a red dwarf.
         | 
         | Red dwarfs are known for flares that would destroy the
         | atmosphere of any nearby planet.
         | 
         | "Although this planet orbits very close to its star, at a
         | distance about 10 times shorter than that of Mercury around our
         | Sun, the amount of stellar irradiation it receives is still
         | low... the star LP 890-9 is about 6.5 times smaller than the
         | Sun and has a surface temperature half that of our star."
        
           | ncmncm wrote:
           | In any case all its water would be locked up in ice on the
           | night side.
        
             | callamdelaney wrote:
             | If only we could invent a method to turn ice into water..
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | Needs heat. But that is all found thousands of km away.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Just use mirrors strategically placed so that light can
               | bounce around the horizon so solar can be used to melt
               | the ice. Or orbit a giant mirror beaming that heat source
               | down. The fact that you think thousands of km away is a
               | hard limit just means you're not fully caffinated just
               | yet.
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | If you are in orbit, why land on it at all? Surely there
               | are construction materials and ice only light-minutes
               | away and not so deep down a gravity well. God knows there
               | is nothing else down there of any interest.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Which God knows this? Have you asked and been told this
               | by said God? In which manner of appearance did God take
               | when conversing said information to you: a burning bush
               | or a 60' tall marshmallow icon?
        
               | ncmncm wrote:
               | Both at once.
        
           | Razengan wrote:
           | > _More importantly, this sounds like planets tidally locked
           | around a red dwarf._
           | 
           | Live on the other side? or a narrow habitable band between
           | the 2 hemispheres
        
             | ncmncm wrote:
             | With exactly zero liquid water available? Not likely.
        
               | Razengan wrote:
               | I mean tidally-locked planets/moons in general. Both
               | hemispheres would usually be extremes, but maybe with a
               | "sweet spot" in between.
        
         | spaceman_2020 wrote:
         | What evolutionary changes would human beings need to adapt to
         | 2.5g?
        
           | gizajob wrote:
           | Thicker legs
        
           | otikik wrote:
           | It might be more feasible to remove a big chunk of matter
           | from the planet in question
        
           | avereveard wrote:
           | Id's say a stronger circulatory sistem.
           | 
           | Muscles and bone density will need to increase, but we do
           | that as part of adaptation, evolution will favor the trait
           | long term but regular use will already compensate in part or
           | totally the need.
           | 
           | Possibly ankles and knees will need to get stronger as well
        
           | callamdelaney wrote:
           | We would only be adapting to 1.36g according to mamikonyana -
           | this sounds more plausible. Because gravity is a function of
           | size, mass and density. Not only mass.
        
       | imglorp wrote:
       | Atmosphere unknown.
        
         | ncmncm wrote:
         | Most likely none.
        
       | erehweb wrote:
       | Does this or other discoveries give us any better estimates for
       | terms in the Drake equation?
        
       | swamp40 wrote:
       | > completes an orbit around the star in just 2.7 days
       | 
       | I wonder if you feel centrifugal force spinning that fast around
       | a sun?
        
         | jerf wrote:
         | The equator of the Earth is spinning much faster, on a much
         | tighter radius. Do you "feel centrifugal force" when standing
         | there?
         | 
         | It does actually affect your weight a bit, but if you mean what
         | I think you mean that it would be something you perceptibly
         | feel, it is not.
         | 
         | Moreover, this merely shows that the idea that the magnitude is
         | significant isn't a good one. Even more importantly, you don't
         | "feel" anything in an orbit ever, because when you're on a
         | geodesic, you're in "zero g". You _never_ "feel" anything in an
         | orbit, no matter how fast it is. People on the ISS don't "feel
         | centrifugal force", because they're in zero G.
         | 
         | (Except tides, if you're large enough, but a single person in
         | this orbit is nowhere near large enough or sensitive enough to
         | feel any tides.)
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | > The equator of the Earth is spinning much faster, on a much
           | tighter radius.
           | 
           | Centrifugal force is proportional to the radius, so a smaller
           | radius actually decreases it, for the same angular velocity.
           | The reason we associate smaller radiuses with increased force
           | is actually because if the energy stays the same, reducing
           | the radius increases the angular velocity (like in a
           | pirouette), which then "feels" like a stronger force.
        
             | ncmncm wrote:
             | Centrifugal force is v^2/r, so smaller r increases it. And
             | we have higher v, besides.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | Centrifugal force is _m_ o2 _r_. Of course, _v_ = o2p _r_
               | , which is why you have to divide _v_ 2 by _r_. But if
               | you compare based on the rotation period, increasing _r_
               | increases the force, for the same rotation period.
        
       | Freak_NL wrote:
       | They named their project, and thus this object, after the popular
       | Belgian1 speculoos cookie and backronymed it. I'm not sure how I
       | feel about that. I don't dislike names with some pop culture
       | basis, or even better, old sci-fi (given that there a more of
       | those objects than we can dream up names for). On the other hand,
       | naming it after a cookie seems frivolous.
       | 
       | 1: Known as speculaas in Dutch.
        
         | Bakary wrote:
         | I don't see how pop culture is a-okay as a naming scheme but
         | this lekker cookie isn't. It is in fact pop-culture in its own
         | way.
         | 
         | Sci-fi names tend to be tiresomely similar since they overuse
         | gods names and anglocentric concepts
        
         | eythian wrote:
         | Speculaas and Speculoos are somewhat different things.
         | Speculaas is older and has more spices, apparently.
        
         | oboes wrote:
         | Another project from the same university is TRAPPIST. Named
         | after Trappist beers.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRAPPIST
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trappist_beer
        
         | CaptArmchair wrote:
         | Well, they've already rounded that corner a while ago with
         | TRAPPIST:
         | 
         | > TRAPPIST (TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small
         | Telescope) is a project led by the Origins in Cosmology and
         | Astrophysics group (OrCA) of the Department of Astrophysics,
         | Geophysics and Oceanography (AGO) of the STAR Institute of the
         | University of Liege (Belgium).
         | 
         | https://www.trappist.uliege.be/cms/c_5006023/en/trappist
        
         | Majestic121 wrote:
         | Don't worry, it will soon be integrated in Stellaris like the
         | TRAPPIST one, so it will become pop culture/sci-fi
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Agingcoder wrote:
       | A speculoos is a belgian biscuit. Someone had fun coming up with
       | a backronym I think!
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculoos
        
         | lnauta wrote:
         | Also a great sandwich spread!
        
         | thenthenthen wrote:
         | Cant wait for MITRAILLETTE next to my TRAPPIST
        
           | abecedarius wrote:
           | And Mallomars. Always seemed like an sf/fantasy name already.
        
           | keyle wrote:
           | They're from Liege, it would be called a ROUTIER :)
        
             | cafeinux wrote:
             | Can't wait for two binary system stars to be called
             | BELCANTO and MEXICANO
        
           | johnchristopher wrote:
           | That's an Herstal thing and it's already being used but for a
           | different kind of products, not for space stuff.
        
         | johnchristopher wrote:
         | I am still not over the whole Biscoff scandal.
        
           | cinntaile wrote:
           | These scientists are doing their part to keep the original
           | name alive.
        
           | 83 wrote:
           | What scandal!? I love Biscoff.
        
             | johnchristopher wrote:
             | https://www.thebulletin.be/lotus-biscuits-give-speculoos-
             | nam... A scandal it is !
        
             | thiht wrote:
             | Sounds like a name for dog treats
        
         | chickenimprint wrote:
         | I always thought they were German, but apparently the origin
         | has not been conclusively tracked. They are called Speculaas in
         | Dutch and Spekulatius in German
        
       | anvandare wrote:
       | >SPECULOOS (Search for habitable Planets EClipsing ULtra-cOOl
       | Stars)
       | 
       | I like silly backronyms like that[0].
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculoos
        
         | stinos wrote:
         | Using a type of beer, TRAPPIST, as 'Transiting Planets and
         | Planetesimals Small Telescope' wasn't bad either
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRAPPIST-1
        
           | torstenvl wrote:
           | Trappist is not a type of beer. It is a type of Catholic
           | monastic order. They just _happen_ to make decent beer (and
           | jam, and many other things).
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trappists
        
             | stinos wrote:
             | _Trappist is not a type of beer._
             | 
             | Ok I guess in English the correct term is indeed 'trappist
             | beer', but in Dutch 'trappist' is used to refer to the beer
             | as well as the monk/nun; there's a lot more talking about
             | beer than about those monks obviously, so you can imagine
             | that for me 'trappist' means 'beer' no matter what language
             | so pardon my linguistic mistake :)
        
               | sam_lowry_ wrote:
               | Same in French. I guess that whenever one sees the word
               | trappist in a conversation, beer comes in mind first.
               | Unless you are in a history class.
        
               | biztos wrote:
               | In Hungary, Trappist is first and foremost a cheese.
               | 
               | I would even call it the default cheese, though like many
               | cheeses it was apparently invented in France:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trappista_cheese
        
             | samatman wrote:
             | So this is a category error much like saying French is not
             | a type of poodle. I assure you, it is, just as, well, two
             | can play at this game
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trappist_beer .
        
               | mgsouth wrote:
               | Which raises the question[0], "Why _French_ poodle? " Is
               | there a non-French variety? Wikipedia indicates not [1],
               | although they probably originated in Germany. [2]
               | 
               | [0] Not "begs". Never "begs the question," even if I am
               | being pompously pedantic. [0']
               | 
               | [0'] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begging_the_question#V
               | ernacula...
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poodle [1']
               | 
               | [1'] TIL the word "cynalogy"--"the study of matters
               | related to canines or domestic dogs."
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynology
               | 
               | [2] Also, while the Germans refer to the breed as
               | "Pudel," the French call them "Caniche". So of course in
               | English we call them <"French"> <German word>.
               | 
               | [3] Rabbits! They went down this hole!
        
               | modernpink wrote:
               | There are category category errors being committed on all
               | sides. The confusion is arising from the word "type". To
               | some, a "type" of beer is a style of beer characterised
               | by common ingredients, methods and appearance. To others
               | a "type" of beer may be as loosely defined as simply the
               | kind of container it is stored in (can, bottle, draught).
        
               | torstenvl wrote:
               | The link you posted shows the opposite: Trappists brew
               | many types of beer, though arguably Trippels are the most
               | common lately.
               | 
               | Saying Trappist is a type of beer is like saying French
               | is a type of poodle -- _if you used the label only to
               | refer to a poodle bred in France_.
               | 
               | A more apt comparison is saying Bordeaux is a type of
               | wine. Bordeaux is a region in France; it is well-known
               | for 5-6 types of wine; any Bordeaux wine that qualifies
               | for AOC proudly displays its Bordeaux heritage on the
               | bottle.
        
               | JoachimS wrote:
               | Or Champagne, which are different kinds of sparkling wine
               | made in Russia:
               | 
               | https://www.foodandwine.com/news/russia-champagne-law-
               | sparkl...
               | 
               | (I see myself out now.)
        
             | AlecSchueler wrote:
             | And the type of beer they make is known as Trappist Beer,
             | which is what the project is named after. See:
             | https://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1023/
        
           | sanxiyn wrote:
           | In my opinion, H0LiCOW (H0 Lenses in COSMOGRAIL's Wellspring)
           | was a bit too much, trying too hard.
        
         | twic wrote:
         | I am currently reading a paper [1] about the Far-side Array for
         | Radio Science Investigations of the Dark ages and Exoplanets
         | (FARSIDE).
         | 
         | [1] https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.02216
        
         | schwartzworld wrote:
         | Reminds me of Calvin and Hobbes' "Get Rid Of Slimy girlS"
        
       | helsinkiandrew wrote:
       | An orbital period of 2.73 days would mean there's no (earth like)
       | seasons and agriculture would not be constrained to growing
       | things at specific times of the year. A wheat farmer could split
       | their farm into sections and be sowing and harvesting
       | continuously.
       | 
       | That's assuming there isn't a cycle from freezing to boiling
       | every 2.73 days.
        
         | simmerup wrote:
         | The theological implications of finding planets even more
         | hospitable than earth will be interesting.
        
           | a3w wrote:
           | Oh yes we still have theology. I don't know why. But as long
           | as good books like Scott Alexanders Unsong tell me that
           | American Pie is a song about the old testament, I do get
           | entertainment out of it.
           | 
           | Training your mind to find patterns everywhere can be fun,
           | unless you get QAnon out of it. Or, IMHO, religion that
           | influences states or bothers non-followers. Contrast the good
           | things, though: The aforementioned authors shows in Unsong
           | that "Harry Belafonte - There's a Hole in the Bucket" is
           | actually about the singluarity in AI/AGI development.
        
             | cwillu wrote:
             | http://unsongbook.com/ for the curious:
             | 
             | "Erica," said Ana calmly, "you're going about this the
             | wrong way. When Aaron is like this, you can't argue against
             | him. You have to beat him at his own game."
             | 
             | "What?"
             | 
             | "For example," said Ana, "Aaron, I propose that the Chevy
             | does not represent the Tribe of Levi, but rather the Tribe
             | of Issachar."
             | 
             | "Huh?" I asked. "Why?"
             | 
             | "Because," she said, with an ethereally beautiful smile, "a
             | Chevy is a car."
             | 
             | "AAAAARGH!" I said. "AAARGH AAAAARGH AAAARRGH AA - ouch!"
        
           | tsol wrote:
           | Why do you say that?
           | 
           | Come to think of it, most major religions don't treat the
           | earth as something special for humans. In the Abrahamic
           | faiths it's specifically not our natural home, which is why
           | we have so many issues. In the Hindu faith, from what I
           | understand, it's also a place of suffering we are ultimately
           | trying to escape. Buddhism also has much the same view.
        
             | v3ss0n wrote:
             | Buddhism tries to escape from all forms of the existence
             | (31 realms - or dimensions of existance) , not just from
             | this earth or universe.
        
           | pygy_ wrote:
           | Mirroring the fact that the cephalopod eye doesn't have a
           | blind spot unlike the vertebrate one.
        
           | GOONIMMUNE wrote:
           | Given that humans evolved to live on Earth, isn't it quite
           | unlikely that we'll find planets that are more hospitable (to
           | us) than Earth?
        
             | xerox13ster wrote:
             | Invasive species evolved to live in the environment in
             | which they evolved. Wouldn't it be quite unlikely that
             | they'd find environments that are more hospitable (to them)
             | than their native habitat?
        
               | roywiggins wrote:
               | It is quite unlikely! Most species don't turn invasive.
        
             | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
             | The mutants will find the other planets more hospitable.
        
         | perihelions wrote:
         | That close to a star, the planet's rotation is probably tidally
         | locked with its orbit, which means there's no diurnal *or*
         | seasonal cycle. There's a summer hemisphere in permanent
         | daylight; a winter hemisphere in permanent night; and a
         | temperate twilight zone in between.
        
           | BobbyJo wrote:
           | Solution: train-farms! Choo-Choo!
        
           | Hithredin wrote:
           | That would be as windy as Contrevent
        
             | jerf wrote:
             | Probably not. It's not hard to notice that while volatiles
             | may flow from the hot side to the cold side, it's generally
             | a one-way trip. Most attempts to model such a planet as
             | habitable even on the thin strip involve trying to
             | hypothesize some way that the volatiles could end up
             | circulating rather than simply making the one-way
             | migration, but personally I'm yet to hear a convincing way
             | that could happen. And that's for the lower bar of "is life
             | possible at all", not the much higher bar of "could we be
             | happy living there".
             | 
             | YMMV, since it's all opinion and conjecture right now.
             | 
             | But in general I wouldn't expect much wind. The hot side is
             | in vacuum because the only volatiles there are the ones
             | just baked out of the fried ground or perhaps some volcanic
             | activity, and the cold side is in vacuum because
             | everything's frozen, and if there is some tiny pressure
             | gradient you'd never notice the resulting "wind" as the
             | vacuum flows past you, probably at rates roughly comparable
             | to what the ISS experiences as "wind" in its low Earth
             | orbit.
        
         | ncmncm wrote:
         | Wheat is hard to grow in permanent twilight. And, with no
         | water, because it is all frozen onto the night side.
         | 
         | This is no more earthlike than Mars.
        
         | evv555 wrote:
         | Makes me wonder how much of the day sky is taken up by the star
         | during daytime. Would be quite the view at that distance.
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | The innermost of the planets is about 2.8 million kilometers
           | away from a star with a diameter of 217,000 km, so the angle
           | (in radians) would be about 217,000/2,800,000 = 0.0775
           | radians or about 4,4 degrees. The sun is about 30 arc minutes
           | or half a degree, so this star would have about 9 times the
           | diameter, or 80 times the area of our sun.
           | 
           | (Double-check: this planet is about 1/50 as far from its sun
           | as earth is from our sun, and its sun has about 1/7 the
           | radius of our sun. That would give a rough estimate of the
           | relative size of that sun in the planet's sky of 50/7, so say
           | 7 times as large as our sun is to us)
           | 
           | I would call that large, but not enormous.
           | 
           | (This ignores effects on perceived size of differences in the
           | light spectrum and brightness of the two stars and
           | differences between the atmospheres of this planet and earth)
        
             | evv555 wrote:
             | That's roughly the size of Jupiter at a distance roughly 7
             | times that of the moon from Earth. At those distances you
             | could probably see features of the star the same way we see
             | craters on the moon.
        
           | appleflaxen wrote:
           | It's a sphere next to a point source of light.
           | 
           | So I'm gonna guess... half?
        
             | wtetzner wrote:
             | They didn't ask how much of the planet is covered in light.
             | They mean how large does the star appear in the sky from
             | the planet's surface.
        
         | adamc wrote:
         | Given that most of the emitted light is infrared, there would
         | be other challenges.
        
         | lastofthemojito wrote:
         | That's gonna make it tough to keep track of when the pumpkin
         | spice latte goes on sale. "Shoot, I missed fall again, guess
         | I'll have to wait 48 hours for it to come around again!"
        
       | goombacloud wrote:
       | 100 light-years is out of reach for humans, I would say :D
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Not necessarily, if we could reach significant fractions of
         | light speed. The subjective travel time can be shorter than 100
         | years, and approaches zero as you approach the speed of light.
         | (Photons don't experience time, so to speak, they are
         | everywhere on their trajectory at once.)
        
           | robofanatic wrote:
           | suppose we have the tech to travel at a significant fraction
           | of light speed, how long will it take for the spacecraft to
           | reach that speed and similarly how long will it take to slow
           | down when you are approaching a target planet?
        
           | awestroke wrote:
           | As your target speed approaches the speed of light, the
           | energy required aproaches infinity
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | Of course. But it's a common misconception that traveling a
             | distance of N light years will take at least N years
             | subjectively. At something like 70% of light speed the
             | subjective time already drops below the distance number:
             | https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/109776/how-
             | long-...
        
         | legohead wrote:
         | At 1g constant acceleration, including deceleration, it's only
         | 9 years. A flyby is only 5 years [1]
         | 
         | [1] https://www.omnicalculator.com/physics/space-travel
        
         | _fat_santa wrote:
         | If only wormholes stopped being "theoretical structures"
        
           | speed_spread wrote:
           | Haven't you heard? Wormholes are tired, Alcubierre drives is
           | where it's at nowadays. All we need now is a way to shovel
           | away that pesky dark matter.
        
             | claytongulick wrote:
             | Oh, that problem has been solved.
             | 
             | Haven't you heard? Dark matter doesn't exist [1]
             | 
             | Off to the stars!
             | 
             | [1] https://scitechdaily.com/dark-matter-may-not-exist-
             | these-phy...
        
       | tsol wrote:
       | Interesting, but if we have a hard time keeping this one
       | habitable we'll likely have a much harder time traveling 100
       | lightyears and terraforming this one to be organic. It's fun to
       | think about but we're centuries from such capabilities(if
       | possible at all)
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Nanana909 wrote:
       | Amazing. Fantastic research continually coming out of ESO. Had
       | the opportunity to chat with someone involved (not on this
       | project). Super talented.
       | 
       | Wondering what the follow up opportunities to study this more are
       | coming up.
        
       | dvh wrote:
       | Isn't parent star flare star stripping atmosphere from any planet
       | in habitable zone?
        
       | alecfreudenberg wrote:
       | speculoo 2: electric boogaloo
        
       | rdevsrex wrote:
       | It would be great if one day we could visit planets such as
       | these, even if just with robots.
       | 
       | I mean, the ethics of commiting your descendants to life aboard a
       | generational ship is very sketchy.
        
         | dzonga wrote:
         | I would gladly take a one way trip to one of these planets.
         | provided I have a way of reaching there and spending at least 1
         | day alive there. 100 light years is no joke - but if the math
         | on this is correct
         | https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/612645/does-spec...
         | 
         | I can leave say when i'm 60 and hopefully reach star at age 70.
         | Trade-off I'm willing to do
        
           | holoduke wrote:
           | Yes with a 1g rocket you can travel millions of light years
           | in less than 80 years, when you come back earth is millions
           | year older. In the future people will only live a billion
           | years from now.
        
         | a1pulley wrote:
         | Ethics have a cultural and temporal context: if you believe
         | strongly enough in the expansionary imperative of humanity, you
         | would gift the generational ship's inhabitants with a suitable
         | religion.
        
         | douglaswlance wrote:
         | It's possible store billions of humans as embryos that are
         | grown and raised by robotic parents upon arrival. And it should
         | also be possible to genetically engineer those humans to be
         | better suited to that new planet's environment.
         | 
         | Though, by the time we figure out how to do that, "we" probably
         | won't be purely biological, naturally evolved beings any
         | longer.
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | It's really hard to imagine earthlike planet without vegetation.
       | Deserts would look the same. But how would temperate zone look
       | with soil and rocks and streams and lakes but zero plants.
        
         | genocidicbunny wrote:
         | > Deserts would look the same.
         | 
         | I don't think this is 100% the case. Most deserts on Earth
         | actually have a relatively large variety of life in them --
         | even the most desiccated deserts will often have at least
         | bacteria of some sort living in them.
        
           | johnchristopher wrote:
           | So, they would basically look the same when looking at them
           | through my space suit helmet.
        
       | mirekrusin wrote:
       | As it's so much closer to the star, doesn't it mean it is much
       | more seismic?
        
         | ncmncm wrote:
         | Probably. And certainly tidally locked, so 1 year = 1 day, with
         | a permanently boiling day side, a hard-frozen night side, and a
         | temperate, twilit ring straddling them.
         | 
         | All moisture would naturally migrate to the dark side and
         | freeze there, permanently, if it doesn't sublimate away into
         | the vacuum left after all the air is blasted off the day side.
        
           | the8472 wrote:
           | Even a tidally locked body can still liberate (as the moon
           | does) so the terminator would at least move around over some
           | fraction of the surface. Maybe together with a dense
           | atmosphere that could be enough to redistribute the heat and
           | keep the dark side from freezing out the gases?
        
           | boredumb wrote:
           | Ice mining is honest work.
        
             | SyzygistSix wrote:
             | For robots.
        
           | somedude895 wrote:
           | > temperate, twilit ring straddling them.
           | 
           | That sounds like a cool sci fi setting
        
             | AndrewStephens wrote:
             | The City in the Middle of the Night by Charlie Jane Anders
             | from a few years ago has this exact premise. It was
             | nominated for a Hugo - I thought it was just OK.
        
             | jkestner wrote:
             | 2312 by Kim Stanley Robinson has a city on Mercury that
             | stays at twilight on the terminator, but being on a
             | rotating planet, it has to keep moving on a massive track.
             | Until it doesn't.
        
             | kemayo wrote:
             | Throwing something older than the sibling comments onto
             | this: Jack of Shadows by Roger Zelazny (1971).
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_of_Shadows
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | Majestic121 wrote:
           | Solar power production on the day side would give amazing
           | efficiency, except for maintenance hell maybe.
           | 
           | I wonder if we could extract energy in other ways, like using
           | the cold side for data centers (cheaper AC), or large pipes
           | to extract the moisture from the cold side and heat it in the
           | day side, to generate energy.
        
             | ncmncm wrote:
             | You can stand up a thermoelectric panel exactly at the
             | terminator, and collect energy by transferring heat from
             | its day to its night side. The night side would be
             | radiating to -270 degrees Celsius, warmed only by whatever
             | convective air is around.
        
             | tambourine_man wrote:
             | I always day dreamed of a way to extract energy from the
             | heat gradient between cold and dark sides. Possibly a huge
             | pipe with a heat exchanging fluid at higher latitudes.
             | 
             | But with the prices on solar in recent years, I think
             | that's mostly discarded.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Those are local prices. You're forgetting about the
               | expense of shipping, and I'm guessing the last mile
               | problem in that particular set of logistics is a big one.
               | Finding skilled laborers in local manufacturing might
               | also be pretty expensive, so offshoring will be much more
               | favorable even with the higher shipping fees.
        
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