[HN Gopher] Why A4? - The Mathematical Beauty of Paper Size
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Why A4? - The Mathematical Beauty of Paper Size
        
       Author : casca
       Score  : 656 points
       Date   : 2022-09-05 07:47 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (scilogs.spektrum.de)
 (TXT) w3m dump (scilogs.spektrum.de)
        
       | Jedd wrote:
        
         | ClikeX wrote:
         | I never considered that the US mispells metre, considering
         | Dutch uses "meter" as well.
        
         | wartijn_ wrote:
         | Oh, I didn't know about B5. I knew B size papers exist, but
         | never looked into it. Will definitely look at B5 notepad next
         | time I'll need to buy a new one, because like you I think A5 is
         | a bit too small and A4 too big.
        
         | thechao wrote:
         | The US doesn't use imperial. It uses US customary. US customary
         | uses imperial "prefixes" but is (mostly) base-2. The idea (from
         | the 1790s) was that there'd be a "scientific" system in
         | base-10, suitable for high-precision instrument makers; and, a
         | "human-scale" base-2 suitable for people with limited
         | manufacturing capability: dividing by 2 being far easier than
         | by 10.
         | 
         | Jefferson was responsible for US customary and got a lot of it
         | working; the French were responsible for metric, but were
         | interrupted by The Reign Of Terror.
        
           | janci wrote:
           | > dividing by 2 being far easier than by 10
           | 
           | How is dividing by 2 easier than moving the decimal point by
           | 1 place?
        
             | mega_dingus wrote:
             | Fold a piece of paper in half perfectly. Easy
             | 
             | Fold a piece of paper into 10 equal parts perfectly. Easy?
        
             | jeff-davis wrote:
             | I think they meant _literally_ dividing, as in  "divide
             | this loaf of bread into two equal parts".
        
           | richrichardsson wrote:
           | > dividing by 2 being far easier than by 10
           | 
           | Really? I struggle to see how dividing any number by two is
           | easier than dividing it by ten, but would like to be
           | enlightened. Divide by ten I just need to mentally move the
           | decimal point, dividing numbers such as 35 or 123 by two
           | requires a _lot_ more mental arithmetic.
        
             | thechao wrote:
             | It's 1795, and you're a farmer asked to build a ruler based
             | on divide-by-10, or divide-by-2. Anyone with a compass can
             | do the latter; the former is nearly impossible.
        
             | mattkrause wrote:
             | Not the number, but the "thing" itself.
             | 
             | It's a snap to fold a piece of paper in half, thirds[0],
             | quarters, sixths, eighths, (etc), but I'm not aware of a
             | trick that lets you divide a sheet into tenths.
             | 
             | [0] Higher powers of three seem tricky too.
        
           | achenet wrote:
           | could you please explain how US customary is base 2?
           | 
           | For example, how is "12 inches to a foot, 3 foot to a yard,
           | and 1760 yards to a mile" base 2?
           | 
           | My understanding, before reading your post was that US
           | customary was basically adapted from imperial which was in
           | turn just an adaptation of folk measurements - a foot was
           | about the length of a foot, etc.
        
             | shawnz wrote:
             | I guess they are referring to how inches for example are
             | commonly subdivided into halves, quarters, eighths,
             | sixteenths, etc.
        
             | thechao wrote:
             | Lengths aren't as important to farmers as volumes -- those
             | are base-2. Remember: 1790, not 1990.
        
               | achenet wrote:
               | a quart is a quarter of a gallon, an oz is a 32nd of a
               | quart... eh I guess that makes sense.
        
               | gs17 wrote:
               | Sadly, teaspoons to tablespoons has a jump of 3x, but
               | other than that it's mostly binary with a few skips (e.g.
               | there's not a real half gallon unit AFAIK, it's just "a
               | half gallon", same for 2 fl oz). For some reason a barrel
               | is 31.5 gallons instead of 32, with a hogshead being
               | twice that at 63, but those are pretty rarely used.
        
         | Freak_NL wrote:
         | The ubiquity of B5 notebooks (and just B5 paper in general) is
         | one of the things I love about Japan. I don't mind having A5
         | and A4 around, but I'm not too fond of A4 being the default
         | printer paper size.
        
         | iNerdier wrote:
         | And yet all photo print sizes, even internationally are defined
         | in inches. Sigh.
        
           | em-bee wrote:
           | kodak's influence i guess
        
         | umanwizard wrote:
        
           | Jedd wrote:
        
             | noyoudolt wrote:
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | To keep discussion civil even with trolls creating new
               | accounts just to post - what a bunch of nonsense sparkled
               | with needless insults. You can do better than that.
        
               | noyoudolt wrote:
        
               | Jedd wrote:
        
               | noyoudolt wrote:
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | > simultaneously, petulantly perhaps, spelling the units
             | differently
             | 
             | Utter nonsense.
             | 
             | The majority of native English speakers are American. Does
             | that mean Brits, Australians, etc. are being "petulant" by
             | spelling various words differently from Americans? Of
             | course not. That's just not how language evolution and
             | standardization works.
             | 
             | By the way, nobody had to decide that "meter" specifically
             | should be spelled that way. It follows the normal American
             | spelling pattern in which all words ending in the consonant
             | cluster /tr/ are spelled with "-ter". Commonwealth English
             | is actually more inconsistent as it sometimes renders the
             | French "-tre" as "-tre" (metre, centre, theatre) and
             | sometimes as "-ter" (master, plaster).
        
               | supportlocal4h wrote:
               | Please don't pretend any kind of consistency with any
               | form of the English language.
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | The point is that master and plaster aren't French.
        
               | umanwizard wrote:
               | They're cognate to the French words maitre and platre.
        
           | Jedd wrote:
           | > Hard alcohol for example is mainly sold in 0.75L
           | 
           | This led me down a minor rabbit-hole.
           | 
           | In Australia, at least, hard liquor is sold in 700ml or 1
           | litre bottles. Wines (not what I'd call hard alcohol) are
           | typically sold in 750ml.
           | 
           | Why 750ml is the default for wine bottles seems to be
           | uncertain.
           | 
           | It may be any or more or none of :
           | 
           | 750ml is roughly 1/5 of a gallon
           | 
           | 750ml provides 6 servings of a 'comfortable' amount (about
           | 125ml)
           | 
           | glass bottles, when blown rather than cast, were limited by
           | the amount of air a glass blower could push into molten glass
           | - this was around that figure.
           | 
           | Either way, none of that, in and of itself, is a compelling
           | argument for metric.
        
             | umanwizard wrote:
             | > 750ml is roughly 1/5 of a gallon
             | 
             | We still colloquially call 750ml liquor bottles a "fifth",
             | so this is a plausible explanation.
             | 
             | (Curiously, we never say "a fifth of wine" even though wine
             | is sold in 750ml bottles too.)
        
         | supportlocal4h wrote:
         | The USA uses metric all over the place. Everybody knows how big
         | 2L is. Syringes are all marked in mL or cc. Socket wrenches
         | come with 1/2, 9/16, 5/8 etc. but also 9, 10, 11. Athletes no
         | longer run 100-yard dash. The "400" is 400m. Cars have 1.8L
         | engines. People wear size 30 footwear, but also size 7.
         | 
         | Yes, the USA uses inches and pounds and gallons. They also use
         | m, g, and L. And picas and fingers and miles and decibles and
         | watts and joules. Mostly they don't know or care. If they do
         | know and care, they are usually capable of using whichever unit
         | gets the job done.
        
           | cratermoon wrote:
           | Try finding the weather in metric, though. Everything -
           | temperature, windspeed (miles per hour, _unless_ it 's an
           | offshore report, then it's knots), atmospheric pressure, wave
           | heights, precipitation amounts and rate, and so on - is US
           | customary.
        
       | dtx1 wrote:
       | A0 [?] 1 m2 was new to me but makes perfect sense. Imagine a
       | world where the makers of USB used a similarly elegant naming
       | convention.
        
         | happymellon wrote:
         | A1 should be [?]1m for it to be elegant.
        
           | dtx1 wrote:
           | A0 = 0 folds of 1m2. A1 = 1 fold, ...
           | 
           | Though maybe we could have A3.1 Gen 2x2 for thick blue paper
           | with glossy texture folded 4 times but 2 of those folds
           | weren't down the middle.
        
             | happymellon wrote:
             | Oh I completely get that 0 = 0 folds, but if we are
             | comparing square meters then A1 is 1 square meter.
             | 
             | It depends on your point of view on what you are comparing.
        
               | Infernal wrote:
               | If you want to fit the area into the name you can think
               | of it as
               | 
               | A0 = 1/(2^0) m^2
               | 
               | A1 = 1/(2^1) m^2
               | 
               | A2 = 1/(2^2) m^2
               | 
               | And so on
               | 
               | (EDIT for formatting and also to observe a sibling post
               | to mine is making the same point)
        
               | ajuc wrote:
               | A0 area = 0.5^0 = 1 m^2         A1 area = 0.5^1 = 0.5 m^2
               | A2 area = 0.5^2 = 0.25 m^2         A3 area = 0.5^3 =
               | 0.125 m^2
               | 
               | If it was your way                   A1 area = 1 m^2
               | A2 area = 0.5 = 0.5 ^ (2-1) m^2          A3 area = 0.25 =
               | 0.5 ^ (3-1) m^2
               | 
               | Why shift it one way just to shift it the other way in
               | the formula?
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | No, because 20 = 1.
           | 
           | Paper weight is measure in grammes per square metre. 80gsm is
           | typical for ordinary paper.                 A0 = 20 m2 = 1 m2
           | - 80g       A1 = 2-1 m2 = 0.5 m2 - 40g         ...       A4 =
           | 2-4 m2 = 0.0625 m2 - 5g
           | 
           | (Fixed typo, thanks.)
        
             | demurgos wrote:
             | Small nit: A1 should be half the mass of A0 (40g in your
             | example).
        
       | frogpelt wrote:
       | I love this little fact but stating, "It is possibly one of the
       | greatest innovations of the 18th century" is ridiculous
       | hyperbole.
       | 
       | Or maybe the 18th century was severely lacking in innovations.
        
         | xnorswap wrote:
         | Surely a joke, given that it can be argued that even the steam
         | engine wasn't the most impactful innovation of the century.
        
           | majewsky wrote:
           | True, obviously the most impactful innovation of the 19th
           | century was Taylorism.
        
       | genezeta wrote:
       | There is a secondary series, B, in which the base size, B0,
       | -instead of being defined for its area of 1 square meter as is
       | A0- is defined to be 1 meter wide. A series is then 1, 1/2, 1/4,
       | etc square meters, while B is 1, 1/2, 1/4, etc meters wide.
       | 
       | It's not as common as the A series but it's used occasionally and
       | it offers intermediate sizes between those of the A series.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | And then you have the C series. Mainly envelopes that are mean
         | between A and B thus fitting the A reasonably inside.
        
           | genezeta wrote:
           | Yes, but that is really rarely used -at least around here-.
           | Most envelopes nowadays have opted for different factors.
           | Usually you fold an A4 in thirds on the longer side and use
           | an 110x220 envelope.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | Nearly all letters I get are in C5 envelopes, i.e. A4
             | folded in half. But Denmark is so electronic that "nearly
             | all" is about one a month.
             | 
             | Folding in thirds isn't worth the bother when I post things
             | so infrequently.
             | 
             | Choosing a large British supermarket, they have C4, C5 and
             | C6 sizes, plus DL (A4 in thirds) which are cheapest:
             | https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-
             | GB/search?query=envelopes
        
               | shakesbeard wrote:
               | Same in Switzerland. Almost all letters are A4 folded in
               | half inside a C5 envelope.
        
           | throw0101c wrote:
           | > _The dimensions of DL [size] are 110 x 220 mm (4 1/3  " x 8
           | 2/3 ") and as such the DL envelope will hold an A4 sheet of
           | paper folded into 3 equal sections parallel to its shortest
           | sides._
           | 
           | * https://www.papersizes.org/c-envelope-sizes.htm
           | 
           | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DmBvP0KOZP0
        
         | odiroot wrote:
         | In Poland some school supplies use B series. Like notebooks and
         | coloured paper for a&c.
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | Similarly in Britain, typical notebooks (especially at
           | school) use the B sizes. I think it's probably common across
           | Europe.
           | 
           | It means you can paste an A5 sheet handed out by the teacher
           | into your B5 notebook, leaving a reasonable margin around it.
           | Or you can fold an A4 sheet in half, and paste that in.
        
             | genezeta wrote:
             | Yes. It's common in most of Europe afaik. B5 is a quite
             | nice size for notebooks.
        
         | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
         | > A series is then 1, 1/2, 1/4, etc square meters, while B is
         | 1, 1/2, 1/4, etc meters wide.
         | 
         | It's folded in alternating direction so it doesn't go down as
         | fast. It's 1m wide, then 1m long, then 50cm wide, 50cm long,
         | etc.
        
           | genezeta wrote:
           | You're absolutely right. Thanks.
        
         | afiori wrote:
         | I think that B width goes 1, [?]2/2, 1/2, [?]2/4, 1/4, [?]2/8
        
         | Bakary wrote:
         | B5 is very common in Japanese stationary, in particular those
         | silky-smooth notebooks.
        
       | spaintech wrote:
       | Sure there is math behind it, I was at a paper factory once, I
       | asked them about the whole A0 and so forth sizing, I was told in
       | prefect german and translated that originally they made 1M^2
       | sheet (alle) and they would them take those and cut them by
       | halfs, so when an order came in, it would read Alle/2 Alle/4 a so
       | forth since they would then say take this pile to A, A2 and A4
       | cutting station. Who knows, but that is what the Aschaffenburg
       | guide tolde me back in 1998, been telling everyone that story
       | since... :/
        
         | mihaaly wrote:
         | So A1 is half of 'Alle', so Alle/2, no? A2 is Alle/4 and so on,
         | making A4 Alle/16?
        
           | solidsnack9000 wrote:
           | Maybe it's the number of levels down the tree of cuts. With
           | one cut, it's A1; cut the results one more time to get A2;
           | cut the results one more time to get A3; &c.
        
       | santimoller66 wrote:
       | Beauty of maths https://www.digistore24.com/redir/438708/sddorld/
        
       | gennarro wrote:
       | Here is another good explainer which might be a bit easier to
       | parse: https://unsharpen.com/paper-sizes/
       | 
       | Minor side point, I've never seen an x written as )( but always
       | as / and then \ (or vice versa). I wonder if this is a regional
       | thing ir just one person's preference.
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | x is usually written _x_ in mathematics (including handwriting)
         | to distinguish it from x.
         | 
         | I was taught the ")(" way at primary school.
        
           | nautilius wrote:
           | Just because _you_ use it doesn 't make it in any way
           | 'usual'. Just because you learned it in some school doesn't
           | make it non-regional. Also, your own example "x" is decidedly
           | not of the )( form, but of the x form.
        
             | SamBam wrote:
             | Doing an image search for "handwritten algebra" I find
             | quite a few examples of ")(".
             | 
             | "I was taught the ")(" way at primary school" is a
             | perfectly reasonable response to your question, which
             | wondered whether it was just one person's preference. That
             | answer tells you it isn't.
             | 
             | Nowhere did the reply suggest it wasn't regional, nor, for
             | that matter, that "/ \" isn't regional. Both are presumably
             | regional, but whether one is more common requires a fair
             | bit of work to answer.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | You might have read my comment more carefully before
             | resorting to a snarky reply.
        
             | kuschku wrote:
             | In _Lateinische Ausgangsschrift_ the )( form is commonly
             | used. Which is the most common type of cursive taught in
             | German schools nowadays.
        
       | anomas01010 wrote:
       | anomas01010
        
       | thrdbndndn wrote:
       | The fact A-series has a sqrt(2) radio is obviously neat on its
       | own, but does it save material, or have much benefit in general
       | in practice?
       | 
       | My (very limited) experience in printing seems to be
       | 
       | 1) they still trim tons of bleed regardless;
       | 
       | 2) the fact you can cut A3 into two A4 etc. is great, but doesn't
       | really matter when 99% of the printing paper will be just one
       | size (A4) anyway?
       | 
       | 3) Lots of magazines and books use non-standard sizes.
       | 
       | Disclaimer: I'm from a metric country. This is a genuine
       | question, not in anyway trying to make excuses for The US' letter
       | size or what not.
        
         | malermeister wrote:
         | A lot of printshops lease their printers and pay per page.
         | 
         | When they print A4 for customers, they actually print A3 and
         | cut it in half, saving half the printing cost.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | That's no different than the US, where your 8 1/2" x 11"
           | often starts as an 11" x 17"
        
         | doikor wrote:
         | > 2) the fact you can cut A3 into two A4 etc. is great, but
         | doesn't really matter when 99% of the printing paper will be
         | just one size (A4) anyway?
         | 
         | This is more for the manufacturing side. At the factory they
         | really only have to make A0 paper that can then be cut to any
         | other A size without any waste. You can't do this if the paper
         | sizes are not related which is the case with North American
         | sizes.
         | 
         | Also the fact that you can fold a A4 into A5 (what is used for
         | letters here) with a single fold is really neat.
        
         | _ZeD_ wrote:
         | FWIW _I_ found it very useful when I was going to university,
         | and broke, and needed to print articles and or books online
         | with the minimum number of sheets, and relying on booklet
         | printing[1] to put up to 4 a4 pages (back and front) on a a5
         | "book"
         | 
         | https://www.printingcenterusa.com/blog/how-to-arrange-pages-...
        
         | solidsnack9000 wrote:
         | The most important practical advantage -- one reason I like the
         | A4 / A5 family -- is simply that proportions are preserved when
         | you print two pages on one sheet and fold over. Adjacent to
         | that is the advantage that there are a family of sheets to work
         | with in practical sizes -- A5, A6 and A7 are all quite useful
         | -- and they bear a certain logical relationship to one another
         | that is easy to work out, in terms of how many of one size fit
         | on another size.
        
         | tankenmate wrote:
         | It saves a lot of resources on the supply side, not on the
         | consumption side. So it does lead to lower prices for
         | consumers, just indirectly.
        
           | thrdbndndn wrote:
           | Sorry I wasn't clear. My point is that, since majority of the
           | demand is A4/letter, in letter's case, they can still use
           | certain size of big rectangular paper and cut them into
           | letter. The fact these larger paper can't be cut into other
           | shapes doesn't really matter on supply side because they're
           | not going to.
           | 
           | If they need some other odd shaped papers, just like metric
           | B-series, they do that separately.
        
             | pornel wrote:
             | Mass printing isn't done on A4 directly. It's done on
             | printing machines of a larger size and then cut and folded
             | as needed.
        
               | thrdbndndn wrote:
               | I get that, I'm saying that precisely will make the size
               | of a single page (A4 or letter) or its ratio irrelevant
               | in practice.
        
               | tankenmate wrote:
               | The benefit for A* and B* sizes is that you can buy a
               | roll of A0 or B0 and then print directly and then you can
               | cut to any A* of B* without any offcuts.
               | 
               | For documents that need bleed to edge you have RA* and
               | SRA* sizes.
        
         | omnimus wrote:
         | For digital printing this standard is very important and handy
         | especially at home/work.
         | 
         | 1. Not really - if you go to professional digital printer they
         | have other formats +, RA and SRA (A3+, RA3, SRA3) that are
         | slightly bigger to accommodate for bleed.
         | 
         | 2. It matters if you want to make saddle stitched binding
         | yourself - you fold A3 and get A4 booklets.
         | 
         | 3. If you make bigger runs of anything at professional (offset)
         | printer the standard sizes don't matter that much because you
         | print on big sheets (like B0) that get cut (often multiple
         | different jobs on same sheets). So it's about waste (not
         | printed space that gets trimmed). But the paper waste really
         | matters only in very big runs 5k+. Whats more expensive are
         | offset printer plates that need to be made.
         | 
         | So yes the magazines/books can be any size but the space on
         | rest of the plate/paper will be filled as much as possible.
        
           | thrdbndndn wrote:
           | > they have other formats +, RA and SRA (A3+, RA3, SRA3)
           | 
           | This is what I'm trying to say though, the whole ratio thing
           | or 1m^2 area thing will be irrelevant, isn't it?
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | The best advantage, which you might not realize until you need
         | to use US sizes, is the easy scaling up and down.
         | 
         | You can put an A3 sheet on a photocopier and press the "A3-A4"
         | button and have the original perfectly scaled onto a single A4
         | sheet, or vice-versa. There's usually a button that does A4-2
         | A5, so you get two half-size copies on the A4 paper, which you
         | can cut into A5 sheets. (In my school, university and workplace
         | experience, it's very common for A3 paper to be loaded in
         | photocopiers and some printers.)
         | 
         | Equally, you can design something in A4 size on the computer,
         | then print it on A3 paper without any changes. Then send it to
         | the print shop for an A1 print, still with no changes.
         | 
         | An envelope that fits A5 paper will fit once-folded A4 paper
         | perfectly.
         | 
         | (Magazines people expect to be photocopied, like scientific
         | journals, are often A4 sized.)
        
           | kergonath wrote:
           | > Equally, you can design something in A4 size on the
           | computer, then print it on A3 paper without any changes. Then
           | send it to the print shop for an A1 print, still with no
           | changes.
           | 
           | My equivalent experience in academia is that you can design
           | posters and print drafts on A4 sheets to see how they look
           | and be confident that they won't be butchered when put on A0
           | at the print shop.
        
       | jstanley wrote:
       | The article makes these 2 contradictory claims:
       | 
       | > I can tell you now it is precisely 210mm by 297mm
       | 
       | > So the only ratio that has this important property is the
       | square root of 2, famously - and ironically in this case - not a
       | ratio
       | 
       | I suspect either:
       | 
       | - A4 paper is not _precisely_ 210x297 mm, or
       | 
       | - the precision of the ratio has been sacrificed in order to
       | allow integer numbers; but if we're willing to make that
       | sacrifice, why not round up to 212x300 mm? and then we can have
       | the nice round number that the classmate wanted in the first
       | place, with a bonus that both dimensions are even-numbered so can
       | be halved with mm-graduated rulers.
        
         | eckesicle wrote:
         | Typically, paper comes in A0 size (841x1188mm) which is then
         | cut in half X times to get the desired paper size, which is
         | either eyeballed against a ruler, or measured by laser.
         | 
         | If the operator is skilled, or the machine is well-calibrated
         | most A4 paper is therefore exactly 297mm tall, and 210.25mm
         | wide (so slightly wider than the standard)
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | pgorczak wrote:
         | I guess the second claim is referring to the fact that the
         | square root of 2 is an irrational number, so it can't be
         | expressed as a ratio of integers anyway.
        
         | DominikPeters wrote:
         | A4 paper is precisely 210x297mm (according to the standard), so
         | the aspect ratio deviates from 1:sqrt(2) a little. Following
         | that aspect ratio, the size would be 210x296.985..mm, so the
         | rounding is really very slight.
        
           | jwilk wrote:
           | How exactly is it defined in the standard? Is there a
           | formula? Or just a list of sizes for A0, A1, etc.?
           | 
           | I wanted to read the standard myself, but CHF 58 is a bit too
           | much:
           | 
           | https://www.iso.org/standard/36631.html
        
             | justsomehnguy wrote:
             | y : x = [?]2 : 1 = 1,414
             | 
             | http://www.ikserang.com/qa/ISO_PAPER_BOARD/standards/en/iso
             | _...
        
             | DominikPeters wrote:
             | This seems to be a sample containing the relevant parts. ht
             | tps://cdn.standards.iteh.ai/samples/36631/c0883203ea25445c.
             | ..
        
         | matja wrote:
         | I'd guess because 210x297 is closer to 1/16 of a m^2 than
         | 212x300 is.
        
         | orlp wrote:
         | > why not round up to 212x300 mm?
         | 
         | Because the A standard's baseline is A0 which has exactly 1m^2
         | area. So that nice rounding did happen, just at the baseline
         | scale, and on area. The B series is a tad larger, B0 happens to
         | exactly be 1,000 x 1,414 mm.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | I love describing 41,4% as tad. Then again I suppose concept
           | of comparing areas is bit harder.
        
           | ygra wrote:
           | Which also makes it quite nice to know how much a sheet of
           | paper weighs. At 80 g/m2 you'll get 5 g (80 / 24) for A4.
           | Handy for quickly determining how much postage to put on an
           | envelope based on how many pages you put inside it.
        
         | anonymous_sorry wrote:
         | If you change the size of A4 you have to change the size of all
         | the other A- sizes too.
         | 
         | A0 is anchored at 1 metre squared, so everything else follows
         | from that.
        
         | HelloNurse wrote:
         | 1) The integer number is A0 being 1 square meter of area.
         | 
         | 2) Rounding to whole centimeters, or an even number of
         | millimeters, is too coarse.
        
         | fsh wrote:
         | A0 has an area of 1 m2 and the long edge is sqrt(2) of the
         | short one. This fixes the edge lengths to 841 mm x 1189 mm
         | (rounded to the nearest mm). A4 is obtained by halving A0 four
         | times.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | richdougherty wrote:
         | I was wondering that too! I got to the end and still no
         | explanation of 210x297mm.
         | 
         | Well, it turns out that it's based on the fact that A0 is
         | defined as having an area of ~1m2, then each subsequent size
         | halves the area. So A4 has dimensions that give an aspect ratio
         | [?]2 and an area of ~1/16m2.                   A0: 1,189 mm x
         | 841 mm = 999,949mm2 [?] 1m2         ...         A4: 297 mm x
         | 210 mm = 62,370mm2 [?] 1/16m2
         | 
         | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_size#A_series :
         | 
         | "The A0 base size is defined as having an area of 1 m2 ...
         | rounded to the nearest millimetre, 1,189 mm x 841 mm".
        
           | maweki wrote:
           | That's a beautifully short definition, I think.
           | 
           | "Base-size has 1sqm area. Halving does not change ratio of
           | the sides."
        
           | niklasrde wrote:
           | You may have skimmed over this bit in the article then:
           | 
           | "the international A-size system now starts with A0 paper,
           | with sides in the correct 2-[?] ratio, but with exactly 1m2
           | of area, or as near as you can get with whole millimetre side
           | lengths (1189mm 841mm, to be precise). Then folding or
           | cutting it a few times until it is conveniently desk/folder
           | sized gets you to A4, hence the '4' bit in the name."
        
         | Nokinside wrote:
         | _" Unnecessary accuracy is technical incompetence"_ -
         | Engineering saying. You need accuracy to serve some purpose.
         | Too much is inefficient and expensive. Too little does not
         | work. 212x300 would not serve the purpose. Try folding and you
         | see how bad it is.
        
       | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
       | [curses in Tschichold]
        
       | samloveshummus wrote:
       | I had a major epiphany deriving this myself as a teenager,
       | because it was the first time I used algebra to calculate
       | something "real". The equation was trivial, but the principle of
       | mathematical modelling struck me like lightning. In an instant
       | the world felt more comprehensible and tractable, I suddenly felt
       | like Neo seeing the Matrix.
        
       | c7b wrote:
       | Beautiful! One more thing to add re A4 vs letter size: A4 is also
       | a better approximation of the 'golden ratio', so supposedly more
       | aesthetically pleasing (though neither is a particularly good
       | approximation, which shouldn't surprise since A4 is an
       | approximation of sqrt(2) not (1+sqrt(5))/2).
        
       | rvba wrote:
       | I wish EU would force the manufacturers to advertise phone and TV
       | screen sizes in centimeters, not inches.
        
         | beAbU wrote:
         | It's not going to be helpful anyway, because the size is
         | measured in diagonals, and it's quite difficult to imagine how
         | large a screen is if you only have the diagonals.
         | 
         | If, instead, we had height and width, I can roughly use my body
         | to estimate screen size.
         | 
         | Last time I bought a TV I had to tape out its size on my wall
         | to get a better understanding of its size relative to the size
         | of my living room.
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | 210x297 offers a better approximation than 212x300.
        
       | TacticalCoder wrote:
       | A4 is so ubiquitous around me (Europe) that, no matter its merits
       | or not, it's really a major PITA when you get documents that are
       | not A4. They don't line up nicely with the A4 stuff. They don't
       | go gently in the A4 folders / sleeves / pockets / ring binders
       | (files) / etc.
       | 
       | Typical offenders in my case are medical bills printed on dot-
       | matrix printers.
       | 
       | I don't even know if there's perforated continuous
       | stationery/form paper with tractor holes that, once you strip the
       | holes, is A4 sized? I guess it's really uncommon if it exists for
       | I don't ever recall seeing any actually used.
       | 
       | Now don't get me wrong: hearing the song of a dot-matrix printer
       | makes me happy (brings back lots of memories as my first printer
       | was a dot-matrix one) and it's nice that that tech is still in
       | use here and there. I just wish the dot-matrix printers in Europe
       | would use A4 continuous paper (which may or may not even exist).
       | 
       | And don't get me started on oversized continuous paper that is
       | _not perforated_ : this is the kind of stuff that can trigger
       | obsessive-compulsive disorder!
       | 
       | I guess all this rant to say that even in Europe, where A4 is
       | ubiquitous, you still have places using other sizes than A3/A4/A5
       | etc.
        
         | samstave wrote:
         | Back in my day, I had a CTO that required I | the messages log
         | to the line printer....
         | 
         | Each day I would have to review the log for any security
         | breaches with a highlighter and investigate any attempts to
         | break our system...
         | 
         | Yeah, that sucked. (we were one of the first VOIP people...)
         | ((Quicknet))
        
         | twic wrote:
         | > I don't even know if there's perforated continuous
         | stationery/form paper with tractor holes that, once you strip
         | the holes, is A4 sized?
         | 
         | There is. We had an ImageWriter in the 1980s which printed on
         | exactly that. Until i read your comment, i assumed that was the
         | standard!
         | 
         | This format still exists, for example:
         | 
         | https://www.paperstone.co.uk/paper/listing-paper-computer/5-...
        
           | gertrunde wrote:
           | That paper does make me irrationally angry for one reason:
           | 
           | "Sheet size is A4 - 11.66inch deep x 235mm wide (edge to edge
           | including sprockets)"
           | 
           | (Edit: Although it does make a sort of sense, in that dot
           | matrix line height is in inches - but still aggravating).
        
           | bonzini wrote:
           | Technically it's 0.66 millimeter shorter than A4. A bigger
           | problem is width, it does not fit the "standard" 80 columns.
        
         | justinlloyd wrote:
         | I am sure someone has already pointed this out, but there is
         | indeed A4 sized tractor paper. Old person irrelevant anecdote,
         | in the days before affordable high resolution inkjets laser
         | printers, 9-pin dot matrix, 24-pin dot matrix and
         | daisywheel/golfball printers ruled the world.
         | 
         | Submitting coursework in college was required to be on A4
         | paper, and if you used a dot matrix printer you lost marks too.
         | Some of my college professors, even on my computer science
         | undergrad were so stuck in their ways that they demanded you
         | type everything up on a manual typewriter and would penalize
         | you if they thought you had done it on a computer.
         | 
         | College students were lazy, so everybody would use the
         | college's 9-pin dot matrix printer (losing points) and then mad
         | dash for the single guillotine cutter in the adminstration's
         | office like they were French royalty in 1789. I special ordered
         | very expensive A4 tractor feed paper, and bought a second-hand
         | daisy wheel printer that nobody wanted because daisy wheels
         | didn't do graphics, and typed everything up on a computer. No
         | lost points, no lining up to use the guillotine, no mad dash at
         | the end.
         | 
         | But yeah, places using sizes other than A4, screw those guys.
        
           | bborud wrote:
           | I would suspect the software was written for a non-A4 format,
           | so if you were to put A4 paper in it you might get line wraps
           | that would screw up multi-page prints.
           | 
           | Oh my, I just remembered the pain of setting the perforation
           | skip when using nonstandard paper. And then realizing that
           | those problems were a luxury compared to the problems big
           | professional office printers throw up today.
        
             | justinlloyd wrote:
             | That satisfying tearing of the perforated tractor feed
             | edges. And the not so satisyfing tear when you tried to do
             | too many at once because you were in a hurry.
             | 
             | Wide format tractor fed music paper in green.
             | 
             | I had tractor fed graph paper for a while. If you want to
             | know frustration, try lining up your DnD game maps to
             | that...
             | 
             | And I had forgotten about the perforation
             | skip/misalignment. Thanks for bringing that back.
             | Triggered.
        
           | analog31 wrote:
           | That brings back the memories. I was one of the first
           | students to submit a word processed paper at my college.
           | "Just in case," I had bought a cheap and slow daisywheel
           | printer. I cooked up this idea to prepare my pages with
           | correction fluid before printing them, but never found it
           | necessary.
           | 
           | I ended up asking one professor if it was OK to use word
           | processing. He said, just this once. The next week, there was
           | an all-faculty meeting (small college), and they actually
           | discussed whether word processing should be allowed. The
           | profs who were already using word processing spoke up in its
           | defense -- from the physics department. They reassured
           | everybody that the computer was not doing the writing. The
           | college came out with a statement saying it was OK, but that
           | we were on our honor to not use a spell checker.
           | 
           | By the time I graduated, every prof was using a word
           | processor.
           | 
           | What I don't think the profs figured out, for several more
           | years, was how to grade a paper that's mechanically perfect.
           | All of my papers got A's, and I chose courses where the grade
           | was based solely on written work. I think in terms of
           | efficiency and aesthetics, using a word processor bumped my
           | GPA by easily half a point by graduation. I was already a
           | good typist thanks to programming.
           | 
           | Many years later, when my kids were in grade school, the
           | writing assignments included formatting requirements,
           | including margins in inches, for documents that would never
           | be printed. These requirements came from the ironically named
           | "Modern" Language Association. Today, teachers say, any
           | format you want, just get it in by the deadline.
        
           | samstave wrote:
           | IDEA: Someone please make a "white noise" generator that play
           | audio of old computer 'whirring' noises... like a dot matrix
           | printer, a fax machine, a modem, etc... that plays low-key in
           | the background...
           | 
           | I actually miss the sound of a dot-matrix.
        
             | AceJohnny2 wrote:
             | The excellent MyNoise.net website has a couple that may
             | match:
             | 
             | "Vintage Office" [1] has a Dot Matrix printer.
             | 
             | "Calm Office" [2] has a Printer/Scanner.
             | 
             | [1] https://mynoise.net/NoiseMachines/vintageOfficeNoiseGen
             | erato...
             | 
             | [2] https://mynoise.net/NoiseMachines/openOfficeNoiseGenera
             | tor.p...
        
             | gaius_baltar wrote:
             | Search for "old computer asmr" gave me this:
             | https://youtu.be/tt3kYcHbbLg?t=160 (link right to the
             | relevant part).
        
             | blowski wrote:
             | Not just white noise but whole songs
             | 
             | https://youtu.be/VXbP7OkQ8LQ
        
               | samstave wrote:
               | HOLY SHIT!!!
               | 
               | That was my first printer ~1986 or so.... gosh I wish I
               | still had it.
               | 
               | Make it play the Windows 95 sound...
               | 
               | (the guy who wrote the win95 startup sound was paid $30K)
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | This is pretty amazing though:
               | 
               | https://youtu.be/pX4tBIwhOqY
        
         | Diesel555 wrote:
         | >They don't line up nicely with the A4 stuff. They don't go
         | gently in the A4 folders / sleeves / pockets / ring binders
         | (files) / etc.
         | 
         | This statement, and the rest of the post, simply reads "I don't
         | like different". However, the article is about the mathematical
         | benefits of A4, the failures of 8.5x11, and the true benefit of
         | A4 from a paper-size agnostic society.
         | 
         | This article convinced A4 is better (and the entire system) not
         | because it doesn't fit in my folders, but because it makes
         | practical sense.
        
           | personalidea wrote:
           | It has practical implications. I have a file cabinet which is
           | made for A4 paper in landscape. Now, I have some official
           | paperwork from another country that has more the form of a
           | spell scroll and the only way to fit that into my cabinet or
           | binder or wherever is to fold it.
           | 
           | Which is something I would like to avoid on things like birth
           | certificates and such.
        
         | bonzini wrote:
         | The line height of a dot matrix printer is 1/6", so A4
         | continuous paper would be roughly 70 lines but not quite
         | exactly 70. Breaks would be messed up after a few pages. It
         | would also not fit 80 characters horizontally. That's why
         | continuous paper is stuck with US letter or 14"x11" format.
        
         | copperx wrote:
         | I'm still waiting for the US to convert from letter size to A4.
         | The change feels imminent, but for some reason it hasn't
         | happened yet. Maybe we need to convert to the metric system
         | first?
        
           | ihuman wrote:
           | Why does it feel imminent?
        
             | saalweachter wrote:
             | Honestly it's a lot easier to have bespoke paper sizes now,
             | because (a) it's not like we're actually _using_ paper for
             | much and (b) you can just set your computer to whatever.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | And 90% of the time professional printers are going to be
               | printing to huge sheets and cutting it down anyway.
        
               | slowmovintarget wrote:
               | I'm one of those fountain pen oddballs to whom paper is
               | _very_ important. A4 and A5 notebooks for me, please.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | Most printers sold are letter size by default. Most can
           | accommodate A4 but the defaults need to be changed, you need
           | to arrange new suppliers of office supplies (A4 is less
           | prevalent in the US than Letter size) etc.
           | 
           | I'd imagine that printer sales are declining in the digital
           | era, which slows down a transition, and most of the ones
           | remaining are at institutions with a lot of inertia
           | (government, medicine)
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | > The change feels imminent
           | 
           | Really? I see zero chance of it. A4, while mathematically
           | nice, offers very little benefit and is an awkward (just a
           | little too large) size to handle. Consistent ratios are of
           | extremely dubious value; if I'm reducing a text by 50%, I'm
           | going to retypeset it anyway. A5 is even more awkward than
           | A4. Too big.
        
             | scoot wrote:
             | Too big for what? A5 is half the size of A4. But
             | regardless, A5 and A3 both have their uses.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | Too long to handle comfortably. I've never liked it. I do
               | make sure to typeset two versions of things I do so
               | Europeans can have something they're familiar with (and
               | their tooling prefers), but I just prefer things a little
               | shorter and a little fatter.
               | 
               | edit: about A5 specifically, I prefer 51/2 x 81/2, which
               | tends to become 51/4 x 81/4 (even smaller) after trimming
               | the bleeds.
        
         | Ayesh wrote:
         | I had this problem too, with majority of documents being A4,
         | but a single bank/med bill ruins the rest of the stack.
         | 
         | My solution was to just give up on keeping the documents unless
         | I have to, for legal/tax purposes, and just digitally archive
         | them. Modern scanner apps are super good, and the OCR/search
         | features make the 20 seconds it takes to scan it and throw away
         | the paper.
        
           | jopsen wrote:
           | I have box that papers I need to keep goes into.
           | 
           | The theory is that it's highly unlikely that I'll ever need
           | to produce/find the papers every again.
           | 
           | So if I have to, I'll pay the cost of sorting and organizing
           | the papers when that day comes.
           | 
           | Kind of like lazy evaluation in Haskell :)
        
           | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
           | Honest question: why do you archive things you don't have to
           | archive?
        
             | jdeibele wrote:
             | My mother kept the first utility bill of the year for
             | electricity, natural gas, water and sewer, etc. She lived
             | in the same house for 42 years and liked to be able to see
             | how much the amounts had changed over the years.
             | 
             | I'm not sure it was tremendously useful but she could
             | verify her feeling that water and sewer increased
             | disproportionately to the others, for example.
        
               | copperx wrote:
               | How does she remember to do that every year? That's
               | amazing.
        
             | jxf wrote:
             | For me it's a "you never know" situation. The cost of being
             | wrong about this can be very high.
        
             | usefulcat wrote:
             | Not the parent but: because you often don't know with
             | certainty whether a particular document will be needed at
             | some point in the future.
             | 
             | Edit:
             | 
             | Concrete example: I'll probably never get audited by the
             | IRS, but if I ever do, I really really want to have all the
             | records I need to defend myself.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I tend to throw things in a drawer or other container and
               | throw most of it out every few years. I figure that was,
               | if I need something, I can probably find it. But I don't
               | have to go to the work of filing the 99% of things I'll
               | never need up-front.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | That's what I do. All bills, statements, etc. go into a
               | cardboard document box. I start a new box every calendar
               | year. If I ever need to find anything, it's a bit of a
               | search but not too bad as the papers will be in roughly
               | chronological order.
               | 
               | I almost never need to find anything.
               | 
               | It's a decent compromise between separate files for
               | everything (which would take too much effort) and not
               | saving stuff at all. Even scanning stuff to save
               | digitally is more work than this system.
               | 
               | After 3 years the box gets burned.
               | 
               | The exception is tax returns, they get saved separately.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | 3 years is a bit short. In the last year or so, I've
               | twice needed to find old documents -- ~5 and ~7 years
               | old, respectively.
               | 
               | I keep receipts for significant purchases (electronics
               | etc) in one envelope per year. It's so little space I
               | keep these indefinitely, so if I sell an 8 year old
               | bicycle I should still have the receipt.
               | 
               | Everything else is in an A4 (now this comment is on-
               | topic) file, and with so much being electronic these days
               | it takes a decade or more to fill one up.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I do file some things away (e.g. stuff I know I'll need
               | to do taxes) and certain other things (like insurance) go
               | into a fireproof box. But, for the most part, I do _much_
               | less organization of paper than I used to, especially of
               | things that I can probably just find in an online
               | account. I have file cabinets but I rarely open them
               | these days. Most of the paper I systematically save is
               | going into my travel destination boxes.
        
               | bradknowles wrote:
               | For the IRS, you only need to keep documents seven years
               | back. Anything older than seven years can be shredded.
        
               | copperx wrote:
               | So everybody must keep 7 years of archives? Is that why
               | houses in the US are so big? And does everybody have an
               | archival room? Or does the IRS accept scans? So many
               | questions.
        
               | bradknowles wrote:
               | In theory, yes. In practice, I think most people probably
               | don't.
               | 
               | I think scans would be acceptable, but you'd probably
               | have to verify those claims with the bill sender.
               | 
               | Houses in the US being so big has less to do with storage
               | requirements for tax filing documents than everyone
               | wanting to stay above average for everything, including
               | house size, and home builders and real estate agents
               | profiting greatly from the general FOMO.
        
               | nicoburns wrote:
               | How many documents do you have??? Surely one smallish box
               | would do for most people?
        
               | bradknowles wrote:
               | Some people, yes. Others, no.
               | 
               | As your finances get more complex, and you change
               | employers more often, and you have more 401k plans that
               | are distributed around various companies, and you have
               | multiple credit cards, etc... then your storage
               | requirements will necessarily increase.
        
             | Ayesh wrote:
             | For easier searching and sometimes nostalgic reasons.
             | 
             | When I was in my early 20s, I used to save ticket stubs,
             | boarding passes, train tickets, etc when I was traveling, I
             | really liked keeping them. But when I saw myself becoming a
             | borderline hoarder, I took photos of them and threw all of
             | them away. Even today, I have the habit of taking a
             | document image of ticket stubs and other new things,
             | specially when I'm in a new city or a country.
             | 
             | There is no practical use for them, just that they help me
             | to not stack up physical papers.
             | 
             | The other real documents I archive are mostly documents
             | related to dividend notices, water/electricity bills that
             | unfortunately come in snail mail, etc. I'd be fine if I
             | don't keep them, but I have them in the very unlikely
             | scenario that I just might need to make a paper trail.
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | I have a bunch of stuff I wish I could easily digitize
               | and throw away the originals. But, aside from doing a few
               | selective things, the effort to en masse digitize and add
               | enough metadata so I could actually find stuff isn't
               | worth the return.
        
             | ColinWright wrote:
             | How do you know you don't need to archive it?
             | 
             | Recently a colleague needed to provide 20 years of details
             | of addresses lived and trips overseas made in order to
             | complete various immigration forms.
             | 
             | Governments can change their demands at their whim. If you
             | don't have the documents, you're screwed.
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | US legal is way better suited for reading. Or the comic-book
       | format
        
       | CHB0403085482 wrote:
       | A4 is metric paper https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUF5esTscZI
        
       | samwillis wrote:
       | The article sadly misses the root of the An sizes. A0 has an area
       | of 1m^2, setting its dimensions and defining the rest of the
       | sizes. Quite genius!
       | 
       | The B sizes start at B0 with a length on the short side of 1m,
       | then follow the same pattern. The C sizes, often used for
       | envelopes, are defined as the geometric mean between the
       | equivalent A and B size.
       | 
       | As a child of an architect, when I was a kid my dad would bring
       | old A0 drawings home as paper we could draw and paint on the back
       | of. Loved it.
       | 
       | - Edit: it does mention it, I skimmed it too fast...
        
         | tiagod wrote:
         | > As a child of an architect, when I was a kid my dad would
         | bring old A0 drawings home as paper we could draw and paint on
         | the back of. Loved it.
         | 
         | You brought me memories of being a very small kid drawing on A0
         | roll scraps bigger than me on the floor of my parents' studio
         | :)
        
           | samwillis wrote:
           | Those cardboard tubes the A0 drawings where stored in were
           | brilliant for building stuff with, and even more fun as a
           | later teenager having parties - stick one end in a fire pit
           | and they become fire cannons, a good 4-5ft of flame out the
           | top...
        
         | gilleain wrote:
         | Also, when it comes to envelopes:
         | 
         | "This means that C4 is slightly larger than A4, and slightly
         | smaller than B4. The practical usage of this is that a letter
         | written on A4 paper fits inside a C4 envelope, and both A4
         | paper and C4 envelope fits inside a B4 envelope."
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper_size#C_series
        
           | jeff-davis wrote:
           | To fit A4 into a C4 envelope, do you fold in in half or
           | thirds or fourths?
        
             | orthoxerox wrote:
             | You don't. If you fold it in half you can fit it into a C5
             | envelope.
        
             | rocqua wrote:
             | Within this entire system, its all about succesive
             | halvings. So folding into thirds (which is horribly
             | difficult to do) is never needed.
        
               | woevdbz wrote:
               | Not only difficult, but prone to being sliced when using
               | a paper opener. Paper folded in four should be placed in
               | the envelope with the fold at the bottom so that it
               | doesn't get cut when slicing the paper at the top of the
               | envelope.
        
               | maxnoe wrote:
               | That's not true, the most common envelope at least in
               | Germany is DL for DIN Long [1], which requires folding A4
               | in thirds and there is a corresponding DIN norm on how to
               | print fold marks to aid the folding in thirds [2]
               | 
               | [1] https://de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/DIN_lang
               | 
               | [2] https://de.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falzmarke
        
             | NeoTar wrote:
             | Unfolded
        
         | gorgoiler wrote:
         | Your point about childhood really struck a warm note with me. I
         | feel one of the most important and loving things my parents did
         | for me as a child was ensuring a limitless supply of
         | stationery.
        
         | ricardobeat wrote:
         | It mentions A0, the 1sqm area, then goes into paper weights.
         | You might have accidentally skipped that section.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | It's pretty handy that 1 A4 sheet at 80gsm weighs 5 grams
           | 
           | (A4 sheet area: 1/(2^4) = 1/16 of a square metre) * (standard
           | paper weight of 80 grams per square metre) = (5 grams per A4
           | 80gsm sheet).
           | 
           | Would have been useful for calculating postage.
        
             | Biganon wrote:
             | I'm a teaching assistant, and I use this calculation every
             | time I have to organize a written exam
             | 
             | "so every students needs 11 sheets of paper... times 234
             | students... times 5 grams... OK I need help to bring
             | everything to the exam building"
        
             | chrismorgan wrote:
             | A few weeks ago my sister told me of a proposal for some
             | contract that she'd been working on, and it ended up being
             | 1600 pages, mostly double-sided A4, and printed in
             | quadruplicate, and I rapidly worked out in my head, purely
             | from the memory that A0 is 1m2, that each subsequent paper
             | size halves the area, and that 80g/m2 is a common weight:
             | that that was going to be something like 16kg of dead tree
             | that was probably just going to clog up filing cabinets
             | somewhere and mostly never actually be referred to. If I
             | did this more often I'd remember 5g per sheet, but the mere
             | fact that all this stuff is simple ratios and unit
             | calculations means you can calculate it all from first
             | principles quite easily. It's really handy.
        
         | foobarian wrote:
         | I grew up in Europe and I did love the A-n system for its
         | mathematical elegance. But having moved to the US where they
         | use a different size without the halving property I found that
         | I don't really miss it at all in practice and the only benefit
         | I really derived from it was a bit of smug intellectual
         | superiority. I find that a lot of the value of these size
         | systems comes from network effects of many other things in the
         | environment being compatible, such as printers, paper cutters,
         | rulers, etc. With Letter I like that the dimensions are almost
         | whole imperial values (8.5 x 11), while TBH I always found it
         | annoying that A4 had so many significant digits. It has a very
         | technocratic vibe to it - user is not as important as having
         | nice mathematical properties, damnit! :-)
        
           | noSyncCloud wrote:
           | Why would anyone care about "almost whole imperial values"?
        
             | jahewson wrote:
             | Yeah I'm struggling to understand the value of that too.
        
             | egypturnash wrote:
             | The US still uses imperial measurements.
        
               | vincent-manis wrote:
               | Actually, no. The US gallon (3.785L) is not the same as
               | the imperial gallon (4.546L), a point which made me see
               | red when Canadian opponents to metrication argued that we
               | must keep the gallon because the US is our biggest
               | trading partner.
        
               | HideousKojima wrote:
               | The real reason Canadians and Brits should have opposed
               | metrification: the transition wasn't ever 100% completed
               | leading to horrifying Frankensystems where Brits buy meat
               | by the kilo but measure their own weight in stone. Or
               | Canadians still measuring train rail distances in miles.
        
               | wayvey wrote:
               | Then just push for full adoption of the system and over
               | time youll get there. Can be slow and sometimes painful
               | but so are a lot of things; "no pain no gain" as they say
        
               | vincent-manis wrote:
               | You have it backwards. Metrication in Canada stopped
               | halfway because the opponents created such a stink that
               | the government of the time decided to back off, and
               | nobody since has had the courage to seize the nettle.
               | Perhaps in a generation today's schoolkids, educated in
               | metric, will try again.
        
               | Melkman wrote:
               | To rephrase te question: why would somebody be annoyed
               | with the fractional metric size of A-n sizes ?
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | The answer is probably quite subjective. In my case, when
               | I deal with materials such as wood, cardboard or paper I
               | enjoy immensely to have dimensions that snap to a certain
               | grid. Call it a mental defect if you will. To illustrate
               | further, let me propose a strawman: would you have no
               | preference between the A4 size being: (1) 210.32 x
               | 297.912 or (2) 210x297? Does it not bug you that 210.25
               | was rounded down to 210?
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | The US does not use imperial units. Imperial units are
               | those defined in the British Weights and Measures Act of
               | 1824. What the US uses is the US customary system, where
               | units have the same name as the Imperial ones, but not
               | the same values. Now, the US customary units are defined
               | in terms of SI units anyway, just with annoying, non-
               | integer conversion factors.
        
               | egypturnash wrote:
               | EVEN BETTER
               | 
               | (where "better" is actually "really annoying")
        
             | blahedo wrote:
             | Less the "imperial" part and more the "almost whole"---it
             | would work just as well if the pages were say 20cm by 30cm
             | ---but it is very convenient when doing layout (both
             | electronic and physical) that both the content and the
             | margin are "nice round numbers", and the natural divisions
             | are also nice round numbers that you can easily measure
             | with a standard ruler. 1/2" margins all round? Then the
             | area is 71/2 by 10. Printing a 2-up booklet? Each page is
             | 51/2 by 81/2, exactly. If I had to design the size from
             | scratch to optimise this property I'd probably go with
             | 8"x12" (or 20cmx30cm!) but I assume there's some older
             | printshop standard we're inheriting from here.
             | 
             | Not saying A4's not good. Just acknowledging that "nice
             | round numbers" are convenient sometimes. Standards that use
             | US-traditional measurements seem to do better at that for
             | some reason.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | This doesn't work at all, let alone just as well.
               | 
               | Half a 20x30 sheet is 15x20, so the ratio has changed
               | from 2:3 to 3:4.
               | 
               | 1:sqrt(2) is used to maintain the ratio. The round number
               | is at the start, with the area of A0 being 1m2.
        
           | jahewson wrote:
           | I too moved from Europe to the US and the paper sizes are the
           | worst - have you tried folding it? It doesn't work.
           | 
           | > almost a whole value
           | 
           | But not a whole value.
        
             | foobarian wrote:
             | That's the thing, though, the folding was never helpful to
             | me even while in Europe; it was a Nice Thing but I never
             | used it in practice. Maybe if I was there now I could take
             | advantage of it for proofing large format prints, like one
             | of the sibling comments pointed out. But even the envelope
             | thing was not helpful - the only envelopes we had were the
             | blue communist ones, the international ones, and you ended
             | up folding the letters at the edges to make it fit.
             | 
             | > But not a whole value.
             | 
             | Right, I said that because one of the dimensions is a half.
             | However in practice those values behave as nice round
             | numbers as well, because in the imperial measure context
             | most things are sized to powers of two, i.e. 1/2, 1/4, 1/8
             | etc.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | I would have expected a communist (i.e. poor) country to
               | have more use for some properties of the paper system:
               | 
               | 1. You can easily calculate the weight of that letter
               | without a scale, and stick exactly to the 20g limit (or
               | whatever) for the cheapest postage rate. (I remember
               | doing this in the 1990s for air mail letters to
               | relatives.)
               | 
               | 2. You can crush 2, 4 or even 8 normal A4 pages onto a
               | single sheet while photocopying, and save paper/money.
               | Although maybe by the time photocopiers were available in
               | your country, the cost of paper was no longer an issue.
               | (I would press the 2-on-1 or even 4-on-1 button when
               | printing at university, to halve the cost at essentially
               | no inconvenience.)
        
               | jahewson wrote:
               | I feel like you don't get to criticise the value of the
               | system if you grow up in a communist country that lacked
               | access to the different sizes of paper and envelopes that
               | make the system useful. Clearly you missed out! Making an
               | A5 booklet from A4 and mailing it is something any print
               | shop I grew up near would do.
               | 
               | No idea what the advantage of a whole unit is supposed to
               | be; nobody is sat around with a ruler measuring A4 cuts.
               | The tolerances for paper manufacturing need to be
               | specified in tiny fractions of a mm either way. As for
               | actual typographers, they don't use metric units, the
               | size of the paper is not of great concern.
        
               | foobarian wrote:
               | Heh, that's probably a fair point.
               | 
               | I added some more thoughts on the value of whole units in
               | a sibling post. Like I mentioned it's mostly subjective,
               | and has some utility to me when working with paper and
               | measuring cuts. So yes indeed with a ruler, measuring
               | cuts. :-)
        
           | evil-olive wrote:
           | a specific functional benefit, besides the network effects of
           | standardization, is foldability
           | 
           | you can fold A(n) paper in half to make a brochure or booklet
           | of size A(n+1), for example. it will fit perfectly into any
           | envelope or folder sized to fit A(n+1) pages.
        
           | diebeforei485 wrote:
           | You don't miss it in practice because US society isn't built
           | around it in practice.
           | 
           | There's something great about being able to print something
           | at home on A4, see how it looks, and know that it's going to
           | be exactly the same (no stretching or cutting required) when
           | you go to a print shop for an A1 or A0 print.
           | 
           | And yes there is a lot of legacy network effects around
           | Letter size, which is why the switching costs are very high
           | to make switching impractical.
        
             | rhapsodic wrote:
        
             | mjevans wrote:
             | A move _away_ from paper, to government signed crypto certs
             | and witness logs is the answer.
             | 
             | Then we just need to standardize on A5 as a standard for
             | bills mailed out, since it'll fit inside of everyone's
             | filing cabinets already. A5 for taxes would also be nicer
             | too.
             | 
             | Then get school supplies made in A5 size (easier for kids
             | to carry), and finally after a silent transition period
             | where there's less and less in the US Letter size, we can
             | relegate PC Load Letter to the Office Space movie.
        
               | n3t wrote:
               | What are witness logs?
        
       | mavu wrote:
       | This is very cool.
        
       | ktzar wrote:
       | The metric system is such a beauty, that it's shocking that is
       | not used everywhere. The fact that a liter of water has a
       | relation with the size of the paper we use is just poetry.
        
         | beefield wrote:
         | > The metric system is such a beauty, that it's shocking that
         | is not used everywhere.
         | 
         | You can check with Nassim Nicholas Taleb, I think he nails it.
         | The imperial system is much more natural for people to grasp. A
         | pound is roughly a fist sized rock, but there are no natural
         | objects that weight around one kilogram. And one yard is
         | roughly the length of a step, completely unlike a meter. And so
         | forth. /s
         | 
         | Seriously, I propose a compromise. Europeans give up decimal
         | comma and US gives up imperial measurements. Everyone wins.
        
           | t_mann wrote:
           | > Seriously, I propose a compromise. Europeans give up
           | decimal comma and US gives up imperial measurements. Everyone
           | wins.
           | 
           | +1
        
           | bbarnett wrote:
           | From a Canadian comedy group, in the 80s, when we were
           | transitioning to metric....
           | 
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fjFaKD9BuOc
           | 
           | I can hardly wait for first contact, and the planet has to
           | transition to some galactic standard...
        
             | gs17 wrote:
             | "Why would you humans use water in your unit system? Less
             | than 0.01% of the universe is water! 1 elom of dark mater
             | has a mass of 1 marg, your system is obviously not as
             | logical as this!"
        
           | krzyk wrote:
           | > there are no natural objects that weight around one
           | kilogram
           | 
           | Yes there is: a liter of water (see the beauty?)
           | 
           | > Europeans give up decimal comma and US gives up imperial
           | measurements. Everyone wins.
           | 
           | And US gives up strange day-in-the-middle date format as a
           | bonus to make everyone there sane.
        
             | beefield wrote:
             | > Yes there is: a liter of water (see the beauty?)
             | 
             | There was /s at the end of the sentence, meaning I was
             | sarcastic:)
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | I am pretty sure in modern days most people have easier
           | access to 1L of water or 1kg of flour than a fist sized rock.
        
           | exodust wrote:
           | > more natural for people to grasp
           | 
           | You added sarcasm flag but sometimes it is more natural. I
           | grew up with metric but can visualize "about an inch" better
           | than "about 2.5cm".
           | 
           | It's common for "metric people" to sometimes use inches and
           | feet in casual reference to certain types of measurements.
           | "She is almost 6 feet tall" is another example that will be
           | used instead of "180 cm" or "1.8 metres".
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | No one where I live and use metric system even have clue
             | what is the feet and inches mess... Like five foot what?
             | Why not do it properly and say five point something feet
             | like sane systems.
        
             | cgeier wrote:
             | At least here in Western (continental) Europe, it really
             | isn't. I have never heard somebody say something like "She
             | is almost 6 feet tall".
        
           | dunefox wrote:
           | > Europeans give up decimal comma
           | 
           | Never!
        
             | xxs wrote:
             | c'mon it screws up the csv. I'd personally not use comma
             | for decimals, even though I was taught at school
        
               | dunefox wrote:
               | Simple: dot separated values. ;)
        
               | MayeulC wrote:
               | Why not use the ASCII group separator? (0x1D)
        
           | spullara wrote:
           | Unpopular opinion: english units make sense to normal humans.
           | metric units make it easier to do physics. (i'm a physicist)
        
             | stephen_g wrote:
             | If you grow up in a country that uses metric basically
             | exclusively, it's not. I literally cannot visualise 10 feet
             | but if you say three metres I instantly have a feel for how
             | long that is (I even Googled the conversion because I
             | couldn't be bothered working it out). I wouldn't have any
             | idea what 100 degrees Fahrenheit felt like if I didn't know
             | it's about 38 degrees C. And so on...
        
             | midasuni wrote:
             | English units like my 2 litre kettle which I use to fill my
             | 300ml cup with tea? Yes they do make sense.
        
             | akie wrote:
             | Counter opinion: no one who grew up in a country with the
             | metric system would know how to understand "I weigh 14
             | stones". What stones? Small ones? Big ones? Who decides if
             | it's a big one or a small one? Also, how would I know how
             | much a stone weighs?
             | 
             | It's just silly. It has no more bearing on reality than a
             | kg does.
        
             | nikanj wrote:
             | That's just familiriaty bias
        
             | Bakary wrote:
             | This is not an unpopular opinion. Millions of anglophones
             | seem to be unable to grasp or accept that metric measures
             | make intuitive sense to people who use them.
        
             | wizofaus wrote:
             | I'll grant that words like inches, pounds and miles have
             | more literary gravitas to them than centimetres, kilograms
             | or kilometers, and it would be a shame to lose those former
             | words completely, but arguing they make more "sense" is
             | really pushing it. I literally have no "sense" of what a
             | "stone" weighs, how deep a "fathom" or a "league" is, how
             | much area a "rood" covers, or how much liquid makes up a
             | fluid ounce, and I doubt I ever will. And they're just some
             | of the more common units!
        
           | mywacaday wrote:
           | Also imperial units can be divided into quarters and thirds
           | using whole numbers.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | Where this property is useful, you can often choose a
             | different starting 'unit'.
             | 
             | For example, fitted kitchen cupboards are designed in
             | multiples of 150mm, which has plenty of nice factors. A
             | dishwasher might be 600mm wide, or a typical cupboard
             | 450mm.
        
             | xxs wrote:
             | and 5/32s if you need a better precision?
        
           | wizofaus wrote:
           | Ignoring the /s ... a yard is still a fair bit longer than
           | the average stride length - it's probably about right if
           | you're close to 2m tall though. OTOH an average male adult's
           | hip is around 1m from the ground. Pineapples and cabbages
           | typically weigh close to 1kg. Fist-sized rocks can vary
           | enormously in weight - anywhere from a few 100g (pumice etc)
           | to over 1kg (pyrite, assuming a large hand size).
        
           | Lio wrote:
           | The US _doesn 't_ use Imperial units, it wasn't part of the
           | British Empire at the time that system was standardised.
           | 
           | It uses US Statute Units which are similar but not always the
           | same as Imperial Units.
           | 
           | There are some very important differences...
           | 
           | Hence the reason that no Brit is ever impressed with a "pint"
           | served in a US bar. It looks like the barman forgot to pour
           | all of it. :P
           | 
           | We should retire Imperial, US and Nautical units and switch
           | everything to SI Metric.
           | 
           | Having several definitions of mile, pint, gallon, foot, etc
           | in use, at the same time, is just feckin' silly.
        
           | jay_kyburz wrote:
           | A meter is one big step. Easy to count out 10 meters
        
           | xxs wrote:
           | >Europeans give up decimal comma
           | 
           | consider it done
        
           | bearmode wrote:
           | As a Brit, I completely support the US giving up imperial
           | measures for Europeans giving up decimal commas.
        
           | martin_a wrote:
           | > A pound is roughly a fist sized rock
           | 
           | I've seen quite some fists and they all varied in size. This
           | seems like a really bad idea to use as a reference.
        
             | mellavora wrote:
             | And I've seen many rocks with different densities. Also
             | making it a really bad idea to use as a reference.
             | 
             | Of course pre-metric units were defined by something
             | convenient. A cubit is the length of the forearm.
             | 
             | I don't think Taleb goes into the why.
             | 
             | Metric is clearly superior if you have the social concept
             | that units should be standardized and (as a corralary) that
             | products are commoditized. The idea of a standard
             | commodity, however, didn't really exist before the
             | industrial revolution.
             | 
             | So why would units be standardized before that? The only
             | place units mattered was taxes, and then the unit was
             | whatever the king said it was.
        
               | orthoxerox wrote:
               | > A cubit is the length of the forearm.
               | 
               | > I don't think Taleb goes into the why.
               | 
               | You can measure rope and cloth using cubits by wrapping
               | them around the fist (which holds one end) and the elbow.
        
           | Const-me wrote:
           | > Europeans give up decimal comma and US gives up imperial
           | measurements.
           | 
           | I'm a European, and I hate decimal comma. When consuming data
           | saved by MS Excel or similar, dealing with decimal commas is
           | an ongoing source of annoyance and compatibility bugs, for
           | all my 22 years in the software industry.
           | 
           | Modern software has American roots. Many programming
           | languages like C, C++ and Python are using dot when printing
           | or parsing floats with their standard libraries. It's even in
           | the name, these numbers are called "floating point" not
           | "floating comma".
        
             | jaclaz wrote:
             | Also in Excel you can set (as per your language used) the
             | comma as decimal separator, but internally it remains dot,
             | an example is the VBA Evaluate function.
        
           | KingOfCoders wrote:
           | Luckily we have 1l milk boxes. I always compare weight to
           | what 1l of milk would weight.
        
             | MayeulC wrote:
             | I looked up the density just in case. 1.035 kg/L. Close
             | enough.
        
         | petepete wrote:
         | Would recommend the documentary Precision: The Measure of All
         | Things by Marcus du Sautoy. It's no longer on iPlayer but
         | thankfully someone's uploaded it to YouTube.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g81opjVDAaA
        
         | timbit42 wrote:
         | It would be much more beautiful if it were based on 12 instead
         | of 10. Of course, this would require humanity to switch to
         | dozenal, which will never happen unless almost everyone dies
         | and someone enforces it on the few that remain to repopulate
         | the planet.
        
           | andruby wrote:
           | Could you expand why base-12 is more beautiful than base-10?
           | Is it because it has more divisors? If so, why not base-2?
        
         | bmitc wrote:
         | Beauty doesn't necessarily mean practical in all cases. In all
         | honesty, people who grew up with the metric system don't
         | usually understand how practical Fahrenheit and other non-
         | metric units often are (not always are). Are they hard to
         | calculate with? Yes, sometimes. But they usually directly map
         | to average human experience. For example, humans experience
         | temperatures in the range of 0 - 100 degrees F most of the
         | time. That's -17.8 - 37.78 degrees C. The Celsius range doesn't
         | really make sense in the context of daily experience and is
         | less fine-grained at that. Yes, 0-100 degrees C is freezing to
         | boiling, but humans don't live in that range.
         | 
         | The metric system is great for symmetry and calculations but
         | that doesn't always map to practical quantities in those units,
         | in my personal opinion. It's kind of funny when foreign friends
         | will explain to me metric units, when I already know them, but
         | they don't understand anything about non-metric units or their
         | practicality.
         | 
         | Edit: I should have known to make this comment, because it's
         | going to get bikeshedded to death (already is). The summary of
         | my point was to say that the metric system is perfect for
         | calculations and representations, but the non-metric systems
         | can often serve more practical purposes. Not always but often.
         | In other words, for daily, non-engineering uses, there's really
         | not much of a strong winner aside from people's country of
         | origin. Even for paper, it's a toss-up for me. I find for
         | notebooks, the A<x> sizes are nice and preferred by me, but US
         | letter size is sometimes more preferred over A4 paper. A4 paper
         | is nice for mathematical notes but can often get in the way of
         | diagramming due to the narrowness.
         | 
         | There just seems to be a superiority complex of those that use
         | the metric system, but I don't really get it. Note the use of
         | the word "shocking" in the comment I replied to.
         | 
         | Edit 2: Commenting on scales really seems to grind some gears
         | and gets people going. I'm okay with stating that the scales
         | used for various measurements are fairly arbitrary in daily
         | life and that there's pros and cons to both, but still disagree
         | that it's shocking various places don't use the metric system.
         | They certainly cause issues in engineering systems though.
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | U.S. Letter size could behave like A4 (root 2) if it were
           | 8.5" x 12" ... not a huge stretch.
           | 
           | (Or 7.75" x 11", approximately, if you prefer.)
        
             | talideon wrote:
             | But then it wouldn't be US Letter.
             | 
             | There are other paper sizes based around the A series that
             | fit relate back to it as part of a geometric progression,
             | which means stuff fits neatly together. For instance, the C
             | and DL series, which are used for envelopes, with a C4
             | envelope being exactly the right size for a sheet of A4
             | paper.
        
               | JKCalhoun wrote:
               | To be sure, but the point I was questioning was that A4
               | is too skinny for most use cases, that U.S. Letter was
               | preferred in that regard. Adding 9% to the length of U.S.
               | Letter doesn't seem to make it suddenly overly skinny.
               | 
               | Bad for origami though. Ditto with regard to A4. :-)
        
               | talideon wrote:
               | Preferred by whom? I've never encountered a use case
               | where A4 was too skinny. And it certainly never stopped
               | anyone from making paper airplanes from whole sheets at
               | school. A4 folds neatly to sheets of the same ratio,
               | which is its party trick and why the DL and C series of
               | envelopes are a thing.
        
           | Koshkin wrote:
           | Pretty much the only reason I like the Fahrenheit scale,
           | miles, inches and ounces seems to be that it's something no
           | one else uses. On the other hand, computers make calculations
           | with these non-metric units just as easy, and precision-wise
           | computers have no advantage to be taken from the base 10
           | anyway. (The fact that US is stuck with base 10 for numbers
           | doesn't mean much, as there always are 'dozens' and
           | 'scores.')
        
           | vanderZwan wrote:
           | Your subjective experience of temperature has three digits of
           | precision? Because mine sure doesn't.
        
           | happymellon wrote:
           | My daily experience absolutely fits into the 0-50 range.
           | 
           | 0C outside means the ground is hard to work with. 32F is such
           | an arbitrary number when dealing is concrete reality outside.
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | Well mine and most everyone's is almost exactly 0-100
             | degrees F, and 50 degrees C is on the extreme.
             | 
             | Yes, 32 degrees F is arbitrary, but so are several of the
             | milestones in Celsius.
             | 
             | I think my argument is that Fahrenheit is more natural
             | _most_ of the time, but both scales have their sweet spots
             | (which makes sense given their relative nature). But I can
             | 't see any clear argument that says Celsius is superior all
             | the time.
        
               | bhaak wrote:
               | > Well mine and most everyone's is almost exactly 0-100
               | degrees F, and 50 degrees C is on the extreme.
               | 
               | You don't cook?
        
               | wartijn_ wrote:
               | Their point was related to outside temperatures, which is
               | what most people use temperatures for. And although I've
               | never used Fahrenheit for anything, I don't think the
               | 100c = boiling water is useful in day-to-day life.
               | 
               | I've used temperatures in the 60 something to 80
               | something range to measure the inside of food, my oven
               | goes anywhere from 160 to 220 degrees, but water boils
               | when it goes all bubbly. I know that that's at 100
               | degrees, but I don't do anything with that info.
               | 
               | I don't agree with bmitc's point that Fahrenheit feels
               | more natural. But it seems like that anytime someone has
               | something positive to say about Fahrenheit or imperial
               | measurement, 10 different people need to tell them how
               | wrong they are, and how there can't be anything positive
               | about those systems of measurement. That doesn't seem
               | necessary to me. Especially with temperatures where
               | everyone just remembers a couple of numbers and
               | associates them to a certain feeling or application, and
               | whatever you've used your entire life will feel better or
               | more natural.
        
               | kuboble wrote:
               | I use the knowledge of the temperature of boiling water
               | to calculate "how much boiling water I need to add to a
               | water in room temperature to have my prefect tea brewing
               | temperature".
        
               | bhaak wrote:
               | Likewise anytime anybody says that Celsius feels natural
               | as well, you also have 10 people tell them that they are
               | wrong and Fahrenheit is a much better fit for human
               | beings.
               | 
               | Now I think these discussions often go about cherry
               | picking examples and just limit the discussion to outside
               | temperatures is such a cherry picking.
               | 
               | The real power of the metric system comes from going all-
               | in. You can't use everything but the temperature scale.
               | If you would do that it would be even more obvious how
               | disconnected the temperature scale is to the whole
               | system.
        
               | cauefcr wrote:
               | Yeah, having metric everything makes it easy to do
               | conversions and correlating with different properties of
               | matter, you're using the language of science (and most of
               | the world), with proper definitions in terms of reality:
               | atoms (for kg), distance in terms of c*some_time, volume
               | related to mass (1ml of water => 1g of water, you can get
               | very precise with temperature as an input). Having a
               | standard for orders of magnitude that's consistent
               | (micro, milli, kilo, mega, giga) is just the cherry on
               | top.
        
               | happymellon wrote:
               | Considering that 100F is almost 40C just put your scale
               | from 0-40. It's completely subjective.
               | 
               | 0C wear a woolly hat
               | 
               | 10C wear a jacket or sweater
               | 
               | 20C Teeshirt and jeans weather
               | 
               | 30C Teeshirt and shorts weather
               | 
               | 40C Get in the shade and keep hydrated
               | 
               | 50C You want to avoid this end of the scale
               | 
               | It's almost all defending against the pro-Fahrenheit
               | folks making strange arguments promoting it, like somehow
               | you can't measure your life unless it's in F.
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | > It's almost all defending against the pro-Fahrenheit
               | folks making strange arguments promoting it, like somehow
               | you can't measure your life unless it's in F.
               | 
               | I didn't make that argument. Fahrenheit is more natural
               | in a lot of cases because of the range and delineation
               | between whole number temperatures. Celsius is slightly
               | less so but not all the time.
               | 
               | My entire point, which was lost in the bikeshedding is
               | that it is not "shocking" that the metric system isn't
               | used everywhere in daily experience because non-metric
               | systems were literally invented to be useful and
               | practical. Are they perfect? No. Neither is the metric
               | system for daily human use.
               | 
               | The U.S. is a big place and thus has wide-ranging
               | temperatures, and that probably contributes to resistance
               | to getting rid of Fahrenheit, amongst other things and
               | other measurement systems. The U.S. built a huge amount
               | of modern infrastructure before anyone else and has never
               | experienced a "rebuild" period. For non-engineering
               | purposes, there's no downside to using non-metric units,
               | and a lot of downsides in converting. As the back and
               | forth here shows, there's probably a strong argument to
               | be made that the measuring systems don't matter at all in
               | an ideal world where it's free to convert entire
               | countries back and forth between them. But for some
               | reason, a lot of the world feels very superior for using
               | the metric system.
               | 
               | Again. Not "shocking" as the original comment I replied
               | to mentioned.
        
               | talideon wrote:
               | Fahrenheit was defined the way it was not because it was
               | "invented to be useful and practical", but because a
               | mixture of brine to set 0 was easy to concoct reliably.
               | That's as close as it got to being "practical".
               | 
               | Every other argument seems to boil down to "I'm not
               | familiar with it, so it's hard", "dealing with 10s is
               | easier than 5s", and "Fahrenheit has more resolution
               | because I've forgotten decimal numbers exist".
               | 
               | The actual superpower of metric is that all the units
               | relate to each other in simple ways. For instance most
               | liquids you and I deal with on a daily basis have a
               | similar density to water, so if you've got 100g of it,
               | it's going to be ~100ml. You don't need to deal with
               | arbitrary artifacts of the measuring system beyond the
               | unit prefixes.
        
               | happymellon wrote:
               | > Fahrenheit is more natural in a lot of cases because of
               | the range and delineation between whole number
               | temperatures. Celsius is slightly less so but not all the
               | time.
               | 
               | You mean "I'm already used to something and I dislike
               | other things."
        
               | l9k wrote:
               | "The US is a big place" , but the world outside the US
               | using Celsius is even bigger, more populated, and with
               | more temperature differences.
               | 
               | Fahrenheit being more natural is purely subjective,
               | there's no good reason at all for it.
               | 
               | Keeping the imperial system is just a matter of
               | convinience because Americans are used to it and changing
               | everything is difficult. Also some people think producers
               | of food and any objects to sell might lose some margin by
               | converting and rounding to the next round number of the
               | new unit
        
           | ygra wrote:
           | It comes down to familiarity, but -20 to 40 degrees Celsius
           | isn't that weird a scale, either. You're going to remember
           | more or less arbitrary values for certain things anyway (too
           | hot to be comfortably outside, cold enough to need a jacket,
           | cold enough to need gloves, cold enough to need multiple
           | layers, etc.). In that sense, yeah, Kelvin would be
           | impractical, as would be a theoretical temperature scale that
           | compressed most human-relevant temperatures between 0 and 2
           | or so. But that's not the case and degrees Celsius is
           | perfectly viable for everyday use, as is (I imagine and you
           | say) degrees Fahrenheit.
        
           | reacweb wrote:
           | Temperature near 0degC is very important when we travel
           | (meteo, ...). Temperature near 100degC is important when we
           | cook (eggs, pasta, rice).
           | 
           | We can leave hands in water at 50degC. Above, it slightly
           | start to cause burns.
           | 
           | This is a range that make a lot of sense IMHO.
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | 0 degrees C is certainly nice for freezing, but Celsius
             | loses its usefulness, in my opinion, at the upper ranges.
             | Fahrenheit is okay though, because 32 isn't that hard of a
             | number and 0 degrees F is a big milestone because it's a
             | big (i.e., dangerous) milestone in outside temperatures.
             | 
             | > Temperature near 100degC is important when we cook (eggs,
             | pasta, rice).
             | 
             | When does that matter on the scale being used? Someone else
             | mentioned this, but I've never known anyone to be taking
             | direct measurements of these things when cooking aside from
             | baking. It's pretty clear when water is boiling.
             | 
             | > We can leave hands in water at 50degC. Above, it slightly
             | start to cause burns.
             | 
             | When has that been useful and dependent upon a temperature
             | measurement (and thus a temperature scale)?
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | You are putting far too much weight in arbitrary numbers,
               | probably due to personal familiarity.
               | 
               | 0degF is a big milestone? I'll claim 1degF should be the
               | milestone instead, or -5.4degF, or 2.33333degF.
               | 
               | 15degC or 12degC or something is an important temperature
               | if you live in the tropics without a heating system.
        
               | wartijn_ wrote:
               | > You are putting far too much weight in arbitrary
               | numbers, probably due to personal familiarity
               | 
               | bmitc reacted to the comment that said "Temperature near
               | 100degC is important when we cook (eggs, pasta, rice)."
               | By asking when that info is important. They are not the
               | one here that put weight in arbitrary numbers, at least
               | in that last comment.
        
               | reacweb wrote:
               | For the tea preparation, we shall use hot water below
               | 100degC. french site:
               | https://www.fauchon.com/fr/mag/conseils/quelle-
               | temperature-d...
        
               | pluijzer wrote:
               | Or just; don't use boiling water.
        
               | cameronh90 wrote:
               | I don't feel like either Celsius or Fahrenheit are any
               | more natural than the other in most contexts. It just
               | comes down to what you're used to. They're both
               | relatively arbitrary.
               | 
               | I'm not sure why 0f is a big dangerous milestone in
               | outdoor temperature. Is -18c/-1f really that different to
               | -17c/1f? If anything, there's a much stronger argument
               | that 0c is the dangerous milestone because that's when
               | you get ice.
               | 
               | Really the only temperatures I care about on a day to day
               | basis are like, freezing temperature (0c/32f), room
               | temperature (20c/70f-ish) and various benchmark outdoor
               | temperatures, like 30c/90f being hot and 40c/100f being
               | potentially dangerous. You can +- a few C either way on
               | any of those (except freezing) and it doesn't really make
               | a difference. Cooking, even baking, is usually fine
               | within around 10c. Sous vide is apparently a lot more
               | sensitive but I've never done that.
               | 
               | Very occasionally I deal with something something like a
               | kettle thermostat or boiler thermostat, where I might
               | choose something like 100c/212f or 50c/120f respectively.
               | I also use an IR thermometer for cooking pancakes, pizza
               | and monitoring my wood stove - but neither Farenheit or
               | Celcius are any more useful in that context.
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | I agree with all that for the most part. Having used
               | Celsius at various times, I still feel Fahrenheit is
               | better for outdoor temperatures because of the range, but
               | yea, there's undeniably a bias there no matter how much I
               | think I reason about it.
               | 
               | I think the idea that it is indeed relatively arbitrary
               | probably summarizes a more accurate reaction to the
               | comment I originally replied to.
        
             | SeanLuke wrote:
             | Nope. Have you _ever_ used a thermometer to measure the
             | temperature of water for boiling pasta and rice? Ask
             | yourself why.
        
           | lewisflude wrote:
           | Can you give an example of a non-metric unit that is more
           | practical than it's metric counterpart outside of
           | familiarity?
        
           | citrin_ru wrote:
           | Freezing point being 0degC is handy because it is important
           | to know when outdoor temperature crosses this point for
           | multiple reasons - water is too common and important
           | substance to ignore its properties. In Fahrenheit freezing
           | point is a hard to remember value (for someone who used to
           | Celsius).
           | 
           | I see nothing special about -17.8degC +37.78degC range except
           | that 37.78degC is very hot. But why 37.78 and not some other
           | value? It is arbitrary. And -17.8degC is even more arbitrary
           | - it is not the coldest weather in many northern regions.
        
           | tuyiown wrote:
           | > But they usually directly map to average human experience.
           | > they don't understand anything about non-metric units or
           | their practicality.
           | 
           | They don't see it the same way that you don't see that the
           | units are totally irrelevant, the brain just have to form
           | habits around the relation between the numbers and the world,
           | but as soon as there are consistant and predictable, the
           | extra effort or lack of doesn't change much about their
           | practicality. The habits are formed early, and doesn't
           | require any extra work once set.
           | 
           | Having physical relationships between units without having to
           | remembering ratios can be handy time to times, and for your
           | entire life.
        
           | EdwardDiego wrote:
           | Not this crap again.
           | 
           | Fahrenheit maps to your human experience because it's what
           | you grew up with.
           | 
           | To me, Celsius maps to my human experience, because it's what
           | I grew up with.
           | 
           | That's it. That's all it is, and that's the only reason you
           | think it maps better.
        
             | SeanLuke wrote:
             | No. Fahrenheit really is better than Celsius regardless of
             | your reluctance to admit it.
             | 
             | 1. 0 Fahrenheit is close to the typical minimum
             | temperature, and 100 close to the typical maximum
             | temperature, which can be tolerated by humans. Celsius 0
             | and 100 aren't even remotely close to this: it's
             | surprisingly awful.
             | 
             | 2. Fahrenheit has nearly twice the integer resolution of
             | Celsius. This is particularly helpful in describing body
             | temperature.
             | 
             | 3. Celsius seems like it'd be useful in cooking but it is
             | not really. Sure, 0 and 100 describe the boiling point and
             | freezing points of water -- in Paris only -- but these are
             | phase changes in water. Nobody says "now hold the
             | temperature at 100C", because water naturally fixes to 100C
             | the entire time it is undergoing its phase change. You
             | don't need to measure it. And Fahrenheit's higher
             | resolution is again very helpful.
             | 
             | 4. Scientists don't use Celsius or Fahrenheit. They use
             | Kelvin. Both Celsius and Fahrenheit convert to Kelvin with
             | a linear transformation.
        
               | Bakary wrote:
               | I have no problem believing that Americans find the
               | Fahrenheit system intuitive, but you are failing to see
               | that for metric users, Celsius is 100% intuitive. I know
               | exactly what sort of clothes to wear for each gradation
               | (assuming it's not something insane like -60C in which
               | case I'm staying home anyway), whereas I genuinely cannot
               | do the same calculus with just Fahrenheit, even taking
               | into account the 0-100 concept of Fahrenheit, which is in
               | itself busted in various regions from Canada to Saudi
               | Arabia. I have to constantly remind myself of what
               | Fahrenheit means, because I never grew up with it.
               | 
               | This is a theory of mind issue.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > for metric users, Celsius is 100% intuitive.
               | 
               | For metric users, Celsius is 100% _familiar_. _Intuitive_
               | means that there are a bunch of hints that can give you
               | an idea of values that you don 't know. The fact that
               | 0deg Fahrenheit is about as cold as you can easily stand
               | and 100deg Fahrenheit is about as hot as you can easily
               | stand is something that gives you an intuition: if it's
               | as hot as I can stand, it's about 100deg, if it's as cold
               | as I can possibly stand, it's about 0deg. I can figure
               | out intermediate values through converting my _feelings_
               | into a percentage.
               | 
               | You can of course do that with Celsius too, but Celsius
               | hasn't been built around a range of human feeling, it's
               | been built around the phase changes of water. You just
               | have to remember the human comfort range in Celsius, do
               | all the same calculations as above, multiply the result
               | by the difference between your low human range and your
               | high human range, then add that to your low human range
               | to get an answer. There's no help, and it might as well
               | be arbitrary.
        
               | ithinkso wrote:
               | > 4. Scientists don't use Celsius or Fahrenheit. They use
               | Kelvin. Both Celsius and Fahrenheit convert to Kelvin
               | with a linear transformation.
               | 
               | But the slope of the Celsius<->Kelvin is 1.
        
               | ajuc wrote:
               | Celcius is more useful in weather forecasting, because
               | for a lot of people it's important to know whether the
               | water outdoors will be frozen or liquid. Example - it's
               | useful to know if there will be ice on road and it's
               | useful to know if the plants outside will die due to
               | ground freeze at night. Giving the temperature in C
               | answers both questions automatically.
               | 
               | "Typical" maximum and minimum temperature as limits are
               | meaningless, different places have significantly
               | different minimum and maximum temperatures.
               | 
               | The resolution might be better for body temperature (I
               | have my doubts, we measure to decimal point in C), but
               | certainly not for cooking. Nobody needs to know the
               | difference between 200 and 201 F in cooking.
               | 
               | > Both Celsius and Fahrenheit convert to Kelvin with a
               | linear transformation.
               | 
               | C doesn't need multiplication tho.
        
               | EdwardDiego wrote:
               | You just proved my point by missing it, I'm impressed.
               | 
               | > Fahrenheit has nearly twice the integer resolution of
               | Celsius. This is particularly helpful in describing body
               | temperature.
               | 
               | Yet medical practitioners insist on using Celsius in the
               | most of the world, what fools!
               | 
               | > 0 Fahrenheit is close to the typical minimum
               | temperature, and 100 close to the typical maximum
               | temperature, which can be tolerated by humans. Celsius 0
               | and 100 aren't even remotely close to this: it's
               | surprisingly awful.
               | 
               | I am very rarely exposed to 0 F, in fact, I actively go
               | out of my way to avoid it by seeking shelter during
               | blizzards while on mountain tops.
               | 
               | You're more likely to encounter 0 F in a continental
               | country, but in my temperate maritime climate country, a
               | populated locale hitting -10 C / 14 F is big news, and
               | only rarely would it get to -4 C / 25 F where I live. In
               | other words, I have very little use case for 0 - 32 F.
               | 
               | So its intuitiveness to you, is opaqueness to me. Because
               | you grew up with Fahrenheit, and I grew up with Celsius.
               | 
               | Scientists do use Celsius and Fahrenheit sometimes,
               | unless your definition of scientist excludes everyone who
               | isn't a chemist or physicist.
               | 
               | TL;DR - you prefer Fahrenheit because you think in it. I
               | prefer Celsius because I think in it.
        
               | wizofaus wrote:
               | What on earth is "the typical minimum temperature that
               | can be tolerated by humans" though? There are people who
               | seem fine living in parts of the world where it's
               | regularly -30C (somewhat less than 0F), and many of us
               | that would find anything much less than 0C (32F!)
               | regularly to be pretty much intolerable. Resolution is an
               | issue for measuring fever, so we use a single decimal
               | point (36.8 is normal, 37.1 is elevated etc.). Other than
               | that it just never comes up. Agreed that 100C being the
               | boiling point of water isn't that useful for setting oven
               | temperature etc., but at least you know something that's
               | 100C is going to be as hot to touch as putting your hand
               | under scolding water (and likewise 0C is going to be as
               | cold as ice. You're willing to sacrifice that?). Kelvin
               | is far easier to mentally convert to Celsius than
               | Fahrenheit, and at any rate Celsius is still used
               | extensively by biologists, behavioral scientists etc.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > many of us that would find anything much less than 0C
               | (32F!) regularly to be pretty much intolerable.
               | 
               | Really? Barely long sleeve weather.
        
           | GuB-42 wrote:
           | Celsius is better for cooking, the Fahrenheit scale is better
           | for hot weather, for colder weather, I prefer Celsius, around
           | 0degC means water is freezing, so, snow, ice, etc...
           | 
           | Feet or inches are, I think, a bit more human friendly than
           | meters, but only when used by themselves, that factor of 12
           | is just weird in a base 10 system. I know that the argument
           | is that you can divide by 3 and 4 easily, but when it
           | matters, metric countries simply make standard sizes a
           | multiple of 12 (ex:120mm).
           | 
           | For volumes and weights, I find absolutely no redeeming
           | feature to the imperial / US customary system. The kilogram
           | is a perfectly fine unit, so is the liter, and that both are
           | the same when we are weighing water is a very useful
           | property. Because many things are around the density of
           | water, you know that most things that fits in a 1L bottle
           | weight around a kg, and you can often measure volumes with a
           | scale without conversion.
           | 
           | Metric is not the most practical for every single situation,
           | but it is more practical when used as a whole, that is, when
           | you need to deal with with several quantities at the same
           | time (ex: masses and lengths). And there are everyday
           | situation where it is simply better in my opinion, like
           | cooking.
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | About as reasonable a take as you can get.
             | 
             | Can you elaborate on the cooking though? I've seen that
             | mentioned here a couple of times, and I'm not sure I
             | follow. I'm from a Fahrenheit country and my wife from a
             | Celsius country, and it's never caused any issues or
             | confusion in the kitchen. But maybe you mean also for the
             | volumetric measurements as well (or primarily)?
        
               | GuB-42 wrote:
               | It is not about confusion, it is about convenience. I
               | like the idea that water boils at 100degC since it is
               | maybe the most important temperature in cooking. I like
               | the fact that I can measure 500mL of water on a scale as
               | 500g (and other liquids with a small error). Small
               | details that make it more convenient in metric.
               | 
               | But there is something else, and I am asking you the
               | question. Since you and your wife live in countries with
               | different unit systems, isn't problem when doing each
               | others recipes?
               | 
               | I mean I live in Europe, and if the recipe calls for 4
               | ounces of butter, I don't have a 4 ounces stick of
               | butter, I have a 125g stick, which is not exactly that. A
               | quart of milk is not exactly the liter I have. And my
               | oven doesn't do 350degF, it does 180degC which is not
               | exactly the same. In the end, I will have to adjust the
               | recipe to my standards, and things may be lost (or
               | gained) in translation, but it won't be the same.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | For what it's worth, if looking for an English recipe I
               | just add "UK" to my search to avoid American
               | measurements. I find British recipes are also less likely
               | to require some processed American ingredient unavailable
               | in the EU. ("Add the miracle whip," what?)
        
             | gs17 wrote:
             | > Celsius is better for cooking
             | 
             | As far as I'm aware, there's no winner for cooking. I've
             | never seen a recipe that required temperature more than as
             | a value that could be provided in any units as long as you
             | have equipment in those units (i.e. I'm not doing math with
             | them). Putting "400degF" or "200degC" or "475 K" or some
             | arbitrary "oven level 5" into my oven shouldn't really
             | change how it comes out.
             | 
             | On the stovetop, I've never had an instruction with a
             | temperature attached besides "interior temperature must
             | reach X" or keeping something at a near-boiling
             | temperature, which I've never needed a thermometer for, and
             | 90% of the time I'm improvising without caring what the
             | temperature is outside of "hot enough to cook the way I
             | want but not too hot".
             | 
             | Sous-vide? It needs the temperature within a tight range,
             | but the scale attached to the numbers doesn't matter as
             | long as it's the one my thermometer uses. Double boiler?
             | Doesn't even need you to use a thermometer to keep the
             | temperature right. Give me a kitchen with everything in
             | unpronouncible alien temperature units and I'd do just
             | fine.
        
             | SeanLuke wrote:
             | > Celsius is better for cooking
             | 
             | Not really. Celsius maps to the boiling and freezing points
             | of water in Paris. Live in Denver and you're screwed. And
             | -- this is important -- nobody measures the freezing points
             | and boiling points of water, because during its phase
             | changes water holds to that temperature automatically.
             | 
             | Fahrenheit is also twice the resolution of Celsius. This is
             | highly advantageoous for body temperature, medicine,
             | cooking, and other functions. Celsius's integer resolution
             | is horrible.
        
               | ajuc wrote:
               | You give temperatures for cooking with 5 C resolution
               | anyway, why would you need more than 0.5 C resolution?
        
               | SeanLuke wrote:
               | Okay, highly advantageous for body temperature and
               | medicine, only marginally advantageous for cooking.
        
               | ajuc wrote:
               | Unnecessary precision is a disadvantage. That's why speed
               | limits are 60 mph not 316800 feet per hour.
        
           | Bakary wrote:
           | I think this is a theory of mind issue. You are used to
           | Fahrenheit intuition and living in the US, so people arguing
           | against your perception seem to be bikeshedding or being
           | willfully obtuse/superior.
           | 
           | I can perhaps relate my subjective experience to better
           | explain what's going on. I grew up with Celsius temperatures,
           | so temperatures like 27C or -5C tell me exactly what I should
           | wear when going outside. For Fahrenheit, even though we are
           | told that it maps to human experience, I have to consciously
           | try to remember what these 10F, 20F temperatures mean and
           | often forget. The intuition just isn't there at all.
           | 
           | For height, I'm used to the metric system, but I can also
           | understand the imperial system in that specific area because
           | of seeing so many discussions about it over the years.
           | 
           | I actually learned to cook while in an Imperial zone, and now
           | I am more used to certain temperatures in F.
           | 
           | The reason people find it shocking, is that we are
           | essentially forced to deal against our will with Imperial
           | measurements, because the US is a powerful country. The
           | annoyance has more to do with the sensation of being trapped
           | by another culture and having to adapt to their way of life
           | rather than the reverse.
        
           | BucketsMcG wrote:
           | Maybe _your_ experience maps to the 0-100 Fahrenheit scale,
           | but mine certainly doesn 't. Temperatures where I'm from are
           | typically 5-25C, 0-30C at the extremes. So 41-77, or 32-86.
           | So how's Fahrenheit a more useful scale there? And what if
           | you're from, I don't know, Bangkok? The temperature range
           | there is, generously, 80-95F.
           | 
           | There are _endless_ examples of where this argument doesn 't
           | stand up because the "averafe==ge human experience" is
           | nothing like yours. But of course, it's more or less
           | applicable in most of the US, so you imagine it's universal.
           | Whereas, for the rest of us, 0 is cold, 10 is cool, 20 is
           | warm, 30 is hot, and extrapolate from there. That's simple
           | and relatable enough for me.
        
         | mojuba wrote:
         | Another fun fact: meter was originally defined as a length of a
         | pendulum whose half-period is one second.
         | 
         | But wait for it. If you look at the pendulum formula [1] you
         | will realize that g [?] p^2 (i.e. 3.14^2 roughly equals 9.8) is
         | not a coincidence, it's a consequence of the original
         | definition of the meter!
         | 
         | [1] https://www.google.com/search?q=pendulum+formula
        
           | talideon wrote:
           | That isn't correct. The pendulum definition was actually
           | something called a "universal toise". Burattini suggested
           | defining a unit called the metre based off of this, but it
           | was found to be unworkable because it's not the same
           | everywhere. A toise is ~1.949m.
           | 
           | The metre was _actually_ originally defined in 1793 as one
           | ten-millionth of the distance from the equator to the North
           | Pole. Obviously, that ended up having its own issues, hence
           | the subsequent refinements until we settled on using the
           | speed of light in a vacuum as the basis for it.
        
             | mojuba wrote:
             | Nothing in what I said is incorrect. The original
             | scientific definition of the meter is via a pendulum
             | (1645), then it was refined via toises multiple times, and
             | today it's defined via speed of light.
             | 
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_metre
        
               | irishsultan wrote:
               | No, that's not correct, that unit while intended to be a
               | universal measure of distance never was called a meter
               | (the "inventor" wanted to call it "toise universalle"),
               | all that comes from the wikipedia page you linked to, so
               | the only remaining question is whether you can call it
               | the "original definition".
               | 
               | I don't think you can call it the original definition,
               | because (a) that definition never got any universal
               | acceptance (not even among scientists), (b) didn't work
               | (as it gave different results on different locations) and
               | (c) wasn't particularly close in value to the current
               | definition.
        
               | mojuba wrote:
               | I understand, but the fun fact I mentioned, that the
               | relation between pi and g is not accidental, stems from
               | the earlier attempt to define the meter via a pendulum.
               | Yes it was refined later many times, and it's why the
               | relation between pi and g is not precise.
        
               | talideon wrote:
               | Except it has little to do with the metre other than
               | being an earlier attempt at an objective measurement.
        
         | irrational wrote:
         | Not worth getting worked up over. We will all be dead long
         | before the USA widely uses the metric system.
        
         | PostOnce wrote:
         | Is it shocking that the number of hours in a day or months in a
         | year is not divisible by 10?
         | 
         | Doesn't it make sense for some things to divide by 3 and 4,
         | like a year, so that a season is 3 months long, instead of 2.5
         | months long (as in the old 10-month year system, ending in
         | _Dec_ ember)?
         | 
         | Does it not make sense to use a human scale for certain things,
         | like outdoor weather (as opposed to say, temperatures inside of
         | machinery):
         | 
         | In Fahrenheit: 0: very cold to people; 100: very hot to people.
         | 
         | In Celsius: 0: not that cold; 100: I died 50 degrees ago.
         | 
         | The metric system seems to me to be forced onto things where it
         | does not fit, when in fact it's fine to use more than one
         | system when contextually appropriate.
         | 
         | After all, none of us think it weird to use bases 2, 10, or 16
         | for different things on our computers.
        
           | gbin wrote:
           | Oh but that was part of the original plan!!
           | 
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Republican_calendar
           | 
           | 10 months per year, 10 days per week.
        
           | gjulianm wrote:
           | I've seen the temperature argument and it never has made
           | sense to me. What does "very cold" and "very hot" mean? For
           | me living in Spain, 40o is "very hot", but I've seen people
           | living in northern countries complaining about 30o. Viceversa
           | with "cold".
           | 
           | The only reason Fahrenheit looks like "a human scale" is
           | because you're used to it. At least Celsius has clear
           | reference points (everybody knows how cold is "freezing
           | water" and how hot is "boiling water").
           | 
           | > Doesn't it make sense for some things to divide by 3 and 4,
           | like a year, so that a season is 3 months long, instead of
           | 2.5 months long (as in the old 10-month year system, ending
           | in December)?
           | 
           | Programmers all around the world would first hate you for
           | changing things, and then love you for making a consistent
           | dating system.
           | 
           | But, seriously now, dates are a bit of a difficult system to
           | change. You want to be able to refer to past dates without
           | too much confusion, and also there are outside restrictions
           | such as the length of a year compared to a day (not many
           | integer divisors of 365 days).
        
             | tsm wrote:
             | I moved from a Fahrenheit country to a Celsius country, and
             | let me tell you that knowing 0deg was freezing and 100deg
             | was boiling did not help me decided whether I should put on
             | a jacket when it's 17deg outside.
             | 
             | (I now know how to interpret Celsius, but it involved
             | memorising certain fixed points. The "30 is hot, 20 is
             | nice, 10 is cold, 0 is ice" rhyme is a good one.)
        
               | gjulianm wrote:
               | And if I moved to a Fahrenheit country I wouldn't know
               | what to wear when it's 60 degrees. That's the point, that
               | both scales need some "getting used to". Fahrenheit is no
               | more natural than Celsius in that regard, and also has
               | the issue of not having reference points.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | 0F is the brine freezing point. The 100 is better -
               | originally thought as human body temperature, now it's a
               | mild fever.
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Then again 17 is pretty close to temperature you are
               | entirely unsure if you use jacket or not. On other hand
               | it is pretty pleasant summer temperature. On other if it
               | is windy it might not be so nice.
        
               | stackbutterflow wrote:
               | As opposed to what? I put on a jacket at 19degC. That's
               | 66.2 Fahrenheit. How does it help?
        
               | tsm wrote:
               | My point is that everyone saying "Celsius is so easy,
               | look at how logical it is!" are missing the point that
               | you still have to memorize a bunch of temperatures.
               | Nobody in their right mind is going to say "Well, it's
               | 20% of the way between water freezing and boiling, so
               | I'll wear long sleeves but no jacket today".
        
               | bearmode wrote:
               | Both celsius and fahrenheit are completely arbitrary,
               | just use whichever one everyone around you is using and
               | you'll be alright. You'll internalise the scale
               | eventually.
               | 
               | It's the one part of the metric system that isn't
               | innately superior to imperial/customary
        
               | happymellon wrote:
               | > I now know how to interpret Celsius, but it involved
               | memorising certain fixed points
               | 
               | But that's literally the argument given for Fahrenheit.
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | No really. The "comfortability" points are basically
               | separated by 10 degrees F, with only 32 degrees F being
               | the special one.
        
               | tsm wrote:
               | My point is that everyone saying "Celsius is so easy,
               | look at how logical it is!" are missing the point that
               | you _still_ have to memorize a bunch of temperatures.
               | Nobody in their right mind is going to say  "Well, it's
               | 20% of the way between water freezing and boiling, so
               | I'll wear long sleeves but no jacket today".
        
               | happymellon wrote:
               | So you agree that the argument for it "feeling more
               | natural" is actually, "I've already memorised a number"?
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | Celsius does the same thing but with 5 cadence; what you
               | explain is a habit - 70 Frankenstein being 21 science is
               | just as helpful.
               | 
               | For me how it works - 0 is freezing point, 36 is body
               | temperature (you learn that around 4-5y of age), and it's
               | imprinted heavily. Half your body temp is about to begin
               | feeling cold (in general). Picked body temp as it is 100F
               | (originally 100F was meant to be the body temperature)
        
               | PostOnce wrote:
               | Fahrenheit (the man) was himself a physicist... he
               | invented the mercury thermometer. That's pretty
               | scientific.
               | 
               | So calling it "Frankenstein and Science" is a little
               | silly, especially when we have an absolute scientific
               | scale (Kelvin).
               | 
               | Actually, nobody complains that we use both Celsius and
               | Kelvin, so what problem is there with a third scale for
               | people, if the former two are for industry and science
               | respectively?
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | >So calling it "Frankenstein and Science" is a little
               | silly, especially when we have an absolute scientific
               | scale (Kelvin).
               | 
               | That was unnecessary, an obvious joke about both, and how
               | people feel about them, etc. C and K scale the same way,
               | so C is just an offset K (or vise versa). Both C and F
               | are arbitrary, of course - zero (as developer) being the
               | phase change of the water does make more sense to me;
               | again arbitrary.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | xxs wrote:
             | very hot - about 35.5C or so, when you cannot dissipate
             | heat with sweating. 30C is just uncomfortable but totally
             | fine.
             | 
             | Also an year is not even 365days.
        
               | gjulianm wrote:
               | > very hot - about 35.5C or so, when you cannot dissipate
               | heat with sweating. 30C is just uncomfortable but totally
               | fine.
               | 
               | That's not only subjective but also depends on humidity.
               | 34o with high humidity can feel far hotter than 38o in
               | dry weather.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | Celcius 0 in weather is pretty handy. If it is at that or
           | below I know that I should be aware that it might be slippery
           | so drive more carefully and check where I put my foot. Much
           | below that those things aren't that big issue but better wear
           | more. And above that somewhat I can survive outside okay.
        
             | PostOnce wrote:
             | I will admit celsius 0 is useful for farming (will there be
             | a bud-killing frost?), but I have no issue with the use of
             | celsius in industry; there are merits for each system, and
             | we don't need to eliminate one to get the benefit of the
             | other. We can use each in their context, like we do with
             | many other things.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | 0C is mostly useful on the road, knowing when it becomes
               | slippery - around 3-4C as ice can form above 0 as well
        
           | prmoustache wrote:
           | > In Fahrenheit: 0: very cold to people; 100: very hot to
           | people. > > In Celsius: 0: not that cold; 100: I died 50
           | degrees ago.
           | 
           | Celsius 0 and below, warning there could be ice on the road.
           | 
           | Hot/cold is too subjective. My relation to heat/cold was not
           | the same when I was living in north of France, Swiss alps and
           | now in south of Spain.
        
           | hyperman1 wrote:
           | September to December contain the numbers 7 to 10 not because
           | the roman year was 10 months long, but because they started
           | counting in March instead of January. That's also why
           | February is a bit shorter: They ran out of days in the last
           | month of the year.
        
           | t_mann wrote:
           | > Doesn't it make sense for some things to divide by 3 and 4,
           | like a year, so that a season is 3 months long, instead of
           | 2.5 months long (as in the old 10-month year system, ending
           | in December)?
           | 
           | The metric system also uses twelve months per year, so what
           | is your point?
           | 
           | > Does it not make sense to use a human scale for certain
           | things, like outdoor weather (as opposed to say, temperatures
           | inside of machinery):
           | 
           | Yes, Fahrenheit works 'better' than Celsuis for describing
           | weather temperatures. But it does arguably worse at pretty
           | much everything else, including other everyday occurrences
           | like cooking or washing clothes.
           | 
           | As an aside, 12 would arguably be the better base for an
           | everyday number system, but we are where we are (and contrary
           | to what's commonly claimed, the imperial system isn't derived
           | from base 12 either - 12 is used in a few places, but most
           | proportions are historically grown and fairly random).
        
           | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
           | In Celcius, 0 water freezes, 100 water boils. Very convenient
           | for weather and cooking. For the rest, what is hot weather or
           | cold weather is very subjective, so I don't really see any
           | use to define a scale on the base of that.
        
             | bmitc wrote:
             | Do people actually directly measure boiling water? I've
             | never seen that. It's a self-apparent phenomenon. I've
             | never heard of anyone measuring anything while cooking
             | where it matters which temperature scale they're using.
        
               | jenscow wrote:
               | The metric system is based mostly on water. 1 kg = 1
               | litre = 1000 cm3
        
               | glandium wrote:
               | For people serious about their tea, measuring 70, 80 or
               | 90 Celsius is vital.
        
               | mongol wrote:
               | It is really useful for calibration. Stick a thermometer
               | in there and you can tell how accurate it is.
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | Calibration of what? The thermometer? When do you need to
               | calibrate a thermometer at the temperature of boiling
               | water and how does the temperature scale affect that in
               | any way?
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | The fact that calibration points at sea level of celsius
               | are very easy to produce. Just need some ice and then
               | some boiling water. And I can't even get my hands on pure
               | ammonium chloride. Just some mixed stuff.
        
               | mongol wrote:
               | Yes, calibration of the thermometer. For example with
               | sous vide cooking, it can be useful to know how accurate
               | your equipment is since recipes are often expressed in
               | precise temperatures.
        
               | bmitc wrote:
               | Thanks for the example, but I'm still not sure what that
               | has to do with the scale since you only care about a
               | single number in that case.
               | 
               | I need to look up sous vide cooking. I've never heard of
               | it before. Seems pretty interesting.
        
               | cauefcr wrote:
               | You need at least two points to determine the slope of
               | the thermometer, 0 and 100 as freezing and boiling point
               | of water makes that reproducible.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | Unless you live at altitude 0, I wouldn't do that if I
               | were you.
               | 
               | Celsius and Fahrenheit don't make much difference. That's
               | the only part of the imperial system which is not
               | incredibly inferior to metric.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | well the boiling point depends on the elevation
               | (pressure), so that tells you nothing at all.
        
         | smusamashah wrote:
         | How does this size have anything to do with the metric system,
         | it could have been any units of length with same ratio.
        
           | treffer wrote:
           | From the article: A0 is designed to be as close to 1m2 as you
           | can get with whole mm side lengths.
           | 
           | As such A1 is 1/2 m2, A2 is 1/4 m2, A3 1/8 m2, A4 is 1/16 m2.
           | 
           | I would call this tied to the metrics system. It never
           | occurred to me that I could approximate odd 1m2 areas with 16
           | sheets of A4... I found this enlightening from the original
           | article. TIL.
        
         | Someone wrote:
         | > The fact that a liter of water has a relation with the size
         | of the paper we use is just poetry.
         | 
         | It's not that there is a relation, it's that it's simple. If
         | you put 288/187 inch of water on a standard letter paper, you
         | get exactly one cubic foot of water, but I wouldn't say "The
         | fact that a cubic foot of water has a relation with the size of
         | the paper we use is just poetry".
         | 
         | It also is a happy coincidence that the idea "if we cut a page
         | in half, the two parts should have the same proportions" leads
         | to usable paper sizes. If it weren't, we wouldn't have this
         | system.
         | 
         | And has this ever been tried for 3D, say in storage boxes? The
         | proportions of a box would be about 1 : 5/4 : 25/16. That's a
         | bit cube-ish, but doesn't look unusable to me.
        
           | poorlyknit wrote:
           | There's these storage boxes whose size is defined by the
           | dimensions of an EUR-pallet [1]:
           | https://euronormbehaelter.com/faq/arten-euronormbehaelter/.
           | Each smaller container divides some dimension by 2. However,
           | I don't think they follow the golden ratio at all.
           | 
           | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EUR-pallet
        
         | danielbln wrote:
         | The three holdouts being the US, Myanmar and Liberia:
         | https://cdn.statcdn.com/Infographic/images/normal/18300.jpeg
        
           | defrost wrote:
           | The irony there being that the US was in fact one of the
           | first early adopters of the metric system, metric being _the_
           | official weights and measure system within the USofA and the
           | US foot being literally defined in terms of the underlying
           | base metre.
        
             | 2muchcoffeeman wrote:
             | All imperial units have now been redefined in terms of
             | metric.
        
             | vidarh wrote:
             | Not just adopter: The US was one of the original 17
             | signatories of the Metre Convention in 1875.
        
           | smcl wrote:
           | It's worth remembering that the UK can almost be counted in
           | that group to some extent - road distance and speed as well
           | as human height and weight are normally defined in imperial
           | measurements. Additionally the Conservatives have proposed
           | return to imperial measurements (though just as a pretty
           | transparent appeal to the "back in my day..." crowd)
        
           | tsm wrote:
           | I used letter-sized paper when I was a kid in Honduras, and
           | if memory serves a number of people use US units.
        
           | Nokinside wrote:
           | According to US law SI has been the preferred system of
           | weights and measures for US trade and commerce". The
           | transition was not mandatory, so nothing happened.
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | It's like how they made yyyy-MM-dd the law in Germany for
             | official communications. No one cared, so they changed it
             | to make it optional when used within Germany or when there
             | is no ambiguity a few years later :D
        
               | Ma8ee wrote:
               | We have been using it in Sweden as long as I can
               | remember.
        
               | ygra wrote:
               | DIN 5008 should be required reading for anyone ;-)
               | 
               | I do care, though, and use ISO 8601 almost exclusively in
               | writing. And I do know a few others. Perhaps things will
               | change eventually.
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | By "no one", I meant those that were supposed to use it:
               | Government officials ;) I personally use it as well, and
               | so does my workplace, surprisingly.
        
             | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
             | Nothing happened because the US decided to elect Reagan and
             | the plan was effectively shelved.
        
           | nikanj wrote:
           | Don't pretend UK and Canada are metric.
        
             | bearmode wrote:
             | There are very few imperial holdovers left in the UK,
             | outside of colloquial use.
             | 
             | Distance on road signs, car speed, engine fuel efficiency,
             | beer pints (though I don't mind this since it means our
             | average drink is larger, easier to say than 568ml as well),
             | and that's it as far as I can recall
        
               | nikanj wrote:
               | My UK friends never talk in metric. They weigh 16 stones
               | and are 6 feet 4 inches. The next town over is about 25
               | miles, etc.
        
               | bearmode wrote:
               | Yeah, I said outside of colloquial use. People still use
               | it colloquially because it's what they know, but they'll
               | also know metric.
        
             | tankenmate wrote:
             | The UK is far closer to metric and will be even more so
             | shortly, for anyone unaware most kids in the UK aren't even
             | taught imperial units at school any more. There really are
             | only vestigial units left; feet / inches for human height
             | (but not for buildings for example), pints for liquids that
             | are drunk (but not for hot water tanks for example), stone
             | for human weight (but not for boxed items), etc. And for
             | places like N. Ireland it's even less so, milk is sold in
             | litres, etc because of the proximity to (Ro) Ireland (which
             | now has its speed limits in km/h for example).
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | Milk is sold in litres in the UK, it's really only beer
               | that's sold in pints.
        
               | avvt4avaw wrote:
               | The most common sizes for milk to be sold in are 1.136
               | litres and 2.272 litres (i.e. 2 pints and 4 pints)
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | Where is that sold? I've never seen anything other than
               | 500ml, 1l, and 2l.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Normal supermarkets.
               | 
               | If you only buy milk in multiples of 500mL, you're buying
               | a luxury brand or from a corner shop -- both situations
               | use the slightly smaller (vs 568mL) size to make the
               | price seem lower.
               | 
               | You can see at Tesco [1] that Yeo Valley, Arla,
               | Cravendale, Finest, Tesco Filtered are all 1 or 2 litres.
               | "Normal" milk is 2 or 4 pints.
               | 
               | (The EU used to have regulations around this sort of
               | thing, but I think they've unfortunately been repealed
               | for most products. It's why bread was only sold in
               | multiples of 400g -- it meant the merchant couldn't
               | discreetly reduce the size of some/all products.)
               | 
               | [1] https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/shop/fresh-
               | food/milk-b...
        
               | Gordonjcp wrote:
               | Asda only has it in 500ml and 1l containers. I couldn't
               | be arsed walking to Tesco, and the nearest Morrisons or
               | Sainsburys is a 20-minute drive away.
               | 
               | The dairy that delivers here does 500ml, 1l, and 2l, as
               | does the one I bought milk from before I moved, and the
               | one before I moved the time before that.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | https://groceries.asda.com/aisle/chilled-food/milk-
               | butter-cr...
               | 
               | The normal milk is all in pints.
        
               | joshcoleuk wrote:
               | This is true, I have friends 10 years younger than me who
               | were never taught imperial units at school. These people
               | are in their early 20s now, give it another decade or so
               | and they'll start to be the people making decisions.
               | We'll finally be able to rid ourselves of the anachronism
               | of imperial measurements.
        
           | odiroot wrote:
           | Unfortunately UK still regularly mixes both systems. Plus
           | pints and stone.
        
             | joshcoleuk wrote:
             | At senior school in the early 2000s, I was taught both
             | metric and imperial and how to convert between them. But I
             | have some friends who are 10 years younger than me (I'm 32,
             | they're 22) who were never taught imperial at school.
             | Neither knew what a 'yard' was.. probably because neither
             | of them drive. At least things are changing!
        
             | geowwy wrote:
             | Almost everywhere on earth mixes metric with some other
             | system.
             | 
             | Some places even mix metric, imperial, and some traditional
             | pre-imperial system.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | ktzar wrote:
               | That's not the case in the European and Southamerican
               | countries I've visited or have acquaintances in. What
               | countries do you have in mind? I'm quite interested.
        
               | mihaaly wrote:
               | Beyond all edge cases mentioned by others (I add the
               | bicycle frame size to the list) what is the most shocking
               | for me having imperical units in international air
               | traffic! Feets and pounds and gallons (as far as I know)
               | mixed with SI units. One notable accident is the Gimli
               | Glider where miscommunication occurred in fuel quantity
               | calculations and the airplane took off with very little
               | fuel running out mid air (excellent pilots and great
               | story eventually).
               | 
               | Also naval folks are stubborn too. Own miles, knots as
               | speed, craaazy! : )
        
               | FreeFull wrote:
               | The only thing I can think of is that screen diagonals
               | are still measured in inches. Ignoring that, a lot of
               | countries are definitely fully metric with regards to the
               | basic length/weight/time measures
        
               | mung wrote:
               | I'd like to know if any nation actually uses something
               | other than dpi in printing.
        
               | MayeulC wrote:
               | DPI is one of my pet peeves, together with points. Why
               | not use mm for font size?
               | 
               | Instead of DPI, one could use um per px, or px per (c)m
               | if you want something easier to work with at very high
               | DPI.
               | 
               | I know what DPI and points are, but just because I know a
               | few values and can say "that one's large", "this one is
               | small", with no idea how much they act iually measure.
               | With other units I could approximate the viewing distance
               | much better.
        
               | pessimizer wrote:
               | > DPI is one of my pet peeves, together with points. Why
               | not use mm for font size?
               | 
               | Easy halving, the same reason why A4 has been extolled.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Defining 1mpt = 0.1mm would be just as good.
               | 
               | Normal text would be 40mpt = 4mm = 11.33pt.
               | 
               | But there are already metric point definitions:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_(typography)
        
               | coldtea wrote:
               | Those things come with the prevailing manufacturing
               | country, which was the US for printers and such. So
               | people just keep it.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | You can find occasional uses in many countries. TV
               | screens are advertised in inches here in Denmark,
               | although I noticed the last one I bought was "34 inch,
               | 86.00cm" in the detailed specification -- the inches were
               | just marketing. Old water pipes have some sort of pre-
               | metric size.
               | 
               | Several countries (e.g. France) use the word pound (
               | _livre_ ) to mean 500g, which could confuse visitors into
               | thinking something non-metric is being used. I noticed
               | that in south America.
        
               | giva wrote:
               | Water piping is still specified in inches, at least in
               | Italy.
               | 
               | Also in Italy, when dealing with agricolture, forestry,
               | and related services, non-SI surface units are still
               | commonly used, at leat in the north:
               | 
               | https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertica_(unit%C3%A0_di_misu
               | ra)...
               | 
               | https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giornata_piemontese
               | 
               | https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campo_(unit%C3%A0_di_misura
               | )
        
               | Svip wrote:
               | No one really does it any more, but "half-pound" (halvt
               | pund) in Danish means 250g, which was the common way of
               | ordering butter before the supermarkets took over (and
               | why butter used[0] to come in packages of 250g).
               | Similarly, in Sweden, one mile is 10 km.
               | 
               | [0] These days, and selling butter in 200g packages to
               | keep the prices seemingly low.
        
               | InCityDreams wrote:
               | > [0] These days, and selling butter in 200g packages to
               | keep the prices seemingly low.
               | 
               | And that's why i do my shopping now based on EUR/kg.
               | There are some very telling differences between even the
               | same manufacturer: last thing i was looking at was gin
               | [the drink] EUR per litre. Just a visually minor
               | difference in bottle size was a substantial difference in
               | a) cost and perceived value and b) cost and actual value.
        
               | williamdclt wrote:
               | > Several countries (e.g. France) use the word pound
               | (livre) to mean 500g
               | 
               | Note that nobody I know below the age of 70 uses the
               | "livre" unit in France. It's something you see pretty
               | much only in old recipes
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | Cereal production is still expressed in "quintal/hectare"
               | with quintal keeping its old meaning of 100 livres but
               | using the metric ones so 100kg.
        
               | usrusr wrote:
               | Ask a German what their car's power is in kW. It's been
               | more than forty years since PS (HP in German) has been
               | relegated to merely tolerated, as long as the kW number
               | is presented as the primary statement, but people still
               | think in horse powers when talking about cars. Perhaps we
               | are an outlier in the metrified countries, but I'm not
               | convinced, I believe that gp is right.
               | 
               | Other examples are screen sizes: I have no intuition at
               | all about how big 5.5" actually are, but I know where in
               | the current phone market 5.5" would fall (awesomely non-
               | huge!), whereas to my mind, the metric equivalent would
               | carry no information at all ("bigger than a stamp,
               | smaller than a TV"). And for sensor sizes you even have
               | the situation where the imperial number is a "size class"
               | with very little relation to actual size, whereas the
               | metric number usually describes actual size. Completely
               | different numbers. All countries use a combination of
               | metric and some other system.
        
               | peoplefromibiza wrote:
               | > Ask a German what their car's power is in kW.
               | 
               | > Other examples are screen sizes
               | 
               | that's common, but not as units of measure, but as
               | marketing.
               | 
               | Same as megapixels in photo cameras.
               | 
               | Nobody measure power in HP, we say "that car has 85 HP"
               | only in speech, but when it matters (for example on car
               | papers) power is express in KW and screens are _measured_
               | in cm that are also written on the package, they are only
               | marketed in inches.
               | 
               | You would be correct if people had an idea of how much
               | power 1 HP is or the surface of 1 MP camera shot, but
               | they don't know, they only know that 16 MP > 12 MP and
               | 300 HP > 100 HP, they (we) ignore what it actually means.
               | 
               | It is also perceived completely differently depending on
               | context.
               | 
               | A 120HP tractor is not the same thing than a 120HP car or
               | a 120HP motorbike.
               | 
               | According to US measures I'm 5'11, which means nothing to
               | me, while it's obvious to them, because they actually use
               | foot and inches all the time and do math using them.
               | 
               | Also 90F means nothing to me.
        
               | alkonaut wrote:
               | Most countries still use inches for wheel sizes, for
               | example.
               | 
               | These are basically "sizes" that are imperial by
               | tradition/accident more than people using them as
               | _measurement_. If I wear size 32 waist jeans is that
               | imperial? Maybe. I'm not _measuring_ I'm just using it as
               | a known size. Might be inches.
               | 
               | Same for wheels, rifle ammunition, ...
               | 
               | I use inches for TVs/monitors and although I'm as metric
               | as they get, I have a 55" TV and my car has 20" rims and
               | so on. Everything has cm, kW instead of horsepower etc
               | listed _as well_ for a TV of course.
               | 
               | As far as I know only a few countries - presumably
               | because of regulation - have switched for absolutely
               | everything. Australia is an example of a country where
               | you can get a 100cm TV.
        
               | bloak wrote:
               | > Same for wheels, rifle ammunition, ...
               | 
               | "But being (as?) this is a .44 Magnum, the most powerful
               | handgun in the world, and would blow your head clean off,
               | you've got to ask yourself one question ..."
               | 
               | (Which totally illustrates your point because it's not
               | really 0.44 inches.)
               | 
               | On the other hand:
               | 
               | "Seven-six-two millimeter. Full metal jacket."
        
               | alkonaut wrote:
               | I doubt 32" jeans are 32 inches either. It's just "a size
               | formerly related to inches, now denoted 32 or 32" but not
               | really inches". I think imperial remains for a lot of
               | these "sizes" which aren't quite the same as "measuring".
               | I call my TV 55 in, but if you were to ask me to
               | _measure_ it, I 'd call it something in centimeters.
        
               | bloak wrote:
               | Yes. An extreme example: "Shoe size in the United
               | Kingdom, Ireland, India, Pakistan and South Africa is
               | based on the length of the last used to make the shoes,
               | measured in barleycorns (1/3 inch) starting from the
               | smallest size deemed practical, which is called size
               | zero." (Wikipedia)
        
               | lagadu wrote:
               | Tyre sizes in Europe are an ungodly mix: 295/30R20 for
               | example measures as:
               | 
               | 295mm tyre width, sidewall height is 30% of the width and
               | the wheel it fits in is 20 inches (can't recall whether
               | it's 20 inch radius or diameter).
        
               | sib wrote:
               | Diameter...
               | 
               | (Is there anywhere that _doesn 't_ use this mix of
               | measures for tire sizes [tyre syzes]?)
        
               | EE84M3i wrote:
               | In Japan, the floor area of _rooms_ are often measured in
               | terms of Tatami mats (-Jo). You will see this on floor
               | plans when looking at apartments, as well as when buying
               | some items like lights or air purifiers that are
               | advertised as being for certain sized rooms.
               | 
               | It's actually a pretty convenient unit, as long as you're
               | familiar with how large tatami mats are.
               | 
               | Note that this unit isn't used for measuring an entire
               | apartment's floor area though, that's done in meters.
               | 
               | See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tatami#Size
        
               | 988747 wrote:
               | Tatami mat size is basically a one-person bed - so you
               | are measuring rooms in terms of how many people would be
               | able to sleep on the floor if spaced evenly :)
        
               | helsinkiandrew wrote:
               | Many/most items that were designed many years ago in
               | imperial - tyres etc - are still described in imperial
               | units.
               | 
               | But here in Finland (a completely metric country) things
               | like televisions are still marketed/sold as 44" etc where
               | the cm value could very easily be used.
        
               | vidarh wrote:
               | A key distinction tends to be whether a value is mostly
               | used for internal comparison.
               | 
               | E.g TV sizes are mainly compared with each other, and so
               | the unit used doesn't really matter, and if you want to
               | know the external dimensions it'll typically be given in
               | metric in countries which uses it.
        
               | N19PEDL2 wrote:
               | Imperial units (specifically, feet) are dominant in
               | aviation to measure flight altitude. Despite a
               | recommendation of ICAO to use SI units since 1979, only
               | China, Mongolia and a few former-USSR countries (not
               | Russia) use metres to define flight levels. [0]
               | 
               | This leads to two interesting consequences for aircraft
               | that perform international flights from/to China: [1]
               | 
               | - they need to be equipped with two altimetry systems;
               | 
               | - they need to perform small climbs or descents when
               | entering or leaving Chinese airspace, as metric flight
               | levels do not usually match Imperial ones (flight levels
               | are defined by round numbers).
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flight_level#Metric_fli
               | ght_lev...
               | 
               | [1] https://skybrary.aero/articles/china-reduced-
               | vertical-separa...
        
               | azalemeth wrote:
               | The main argument for imperial units in aviation I have
               | seen relate to the fact that one nautical mile is almost
               | exactly one minute of latitude on earth, and one knot is
               | one nautical mile per hour, and therefore an aviator who
               | may experience a total electrical failure and is left
               | with his "six-pack" of unpowered, passive-only
               | instruments could navigate with a wristwatch and paper
               | chart relatively accurately.
               | 
               | I'm not saying I agree with it, but it is at least
               | understandable!
        
               | filmor wrote:
               | The nautical mile is a sensible unit for anyone trying to
               | navigate with charts (which, in the worst case, could
               | happen to pilots). Feet, on the other hand, are nonsense.
        
             | bearmode wrote:
             | Not sure what you mean by "plus pints and stone", when
             | they're just normal imperial measures?
        
               | azalemeth wrote:
               | They are _imperial_ units. The trouble is that US
               | Customary and _imperial_ units are often very similar but
               | rarely the same. The US pint (and gallon) are different
               | to the imperial one; the US pound mass (lb) and UK ones
               | became the same after the 1950s, but the  "hundredweight"
               | or cwt is different between the two - the US 100 weight
               | is 100 lb; and in the UK it is naturally...112 lb. Of
               | course, both systems are in rare usage in both countries
               | (in the US, I understand in some industrial contexts; in
               | the UK on some road signs for weak bridges). It is for
               | this reason that "ton" is different, because, naturally,
               | in both systems there are 20 hundredweight in a ton.
               | 
               | The whole thing is absolutely mad and most efforts to
               | standardise the systems historically lead to the adoption
               | of the SI unit system for "important" things, as well as
               | a few good intentioned bits of legislation, like the
               | International Yard and Pound agreement [1] which
               | standardised those measures between the US and other
               | former imperial users. Don't get me started on the survey
               | foot, or the hell that arose when the units of classical
               | mechanics, electromagnetism or similar scientific systems
               | had to meet imperial or US customary units...
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_yard_and_
               | pound
        
               | mcv wrote:
               | And then there's the mile. Originally comes from the
               | Latin for a thousand (mille) paces, and one pace being 5
               | foot, so a mile used to be 5000 feet. But now it's a
               | beautifully round 5280 feet. How come?
               | 
               | Well, in the middle ages, the furlong was important,
               | because it was the standard size for farmers' fields
               | (based on how long a furrow an ox could plow without
               | resting). But 8 furlongs didn't fit neatly into a mile,
               | so to make things easier for everybody, the mile got
               | expanded to a nice round 5280 feet, or exactly 8
               | furlongs.
        
               | hnaccount_rng wrote:
               | I always wondered how they got their oxes to need resting
               | at exactly the same number of feet ;)
        
           | sgjohnson wrote:
           | Why does everyone forget the UK and Canada?
        
             | dr_dshiv wrote:
             | You mean minimemerica and America's hat?
        
             | anonymous_sorry wrote:
             | The UK has adopted the metric system for most purposes,
             | except for a few high-profile holdouts (speed limits and
             | beer measures).
        
               | DharmaPolice wrote:
               | Maybe officially but I don't know many people born in the
               | UK who would give (when asked) their height in
               | centimetres. Weight is a little more even split - using
               | kilos is becoming more common but most conversations I
               | have with people still use stone. The NHS's BMI
               | calculator defaults to feet/inches and stones/pounds
               | although you can switch to CM/KG.
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | And area. It's not uncommon to see land sold by the acre
               | or apartments by the square foot.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | Rare to see square foot only, but 108 square foot sounds
               | bigger than 10 square meters, 2.7 acres sounds bigger
               | than 1.1 hectares, so obviously salesmen are going to
               | include those numbers.
        
               | digestives wrote:
               | Filling up on fuel in litres and then using miles per
               | (Imperial) gallon to measure fuel efficiency is
               | wonderfully convoluted.
        
               | gmac wrote:
               | Indeed. I suspect the driving and oil lobbies are keen to
               | keep it that way, to help obscure the cost per unit
               | distance and thus keep us all driving as far and burning
               | as much gas/petrol/diesel as possible.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | Miles per litre would be fine, even km per litre, but the
               | metric way of measuring flips it over so bigger is worse
               | rather than better, so it doesn't catch on
               | 
               | The numbers don't work out too, "litres per 100km". Why
               | not millilitres per km (or litres per gigametre)
               | 
               | I drive X miles (or X km), I then fill up with Y litres
               | (or Y gallons)
               | 
               | If I put 40 litres in my car and do 16 km per litre
               | that's 640km of range, simple calculation of 40x16
               | 
               | If I need to travel 260km at 20km/litre I need to but
               | 260/20 litres or about 13 litres.
               | 
               | If I put 40 litres in my 3.6 litre per 100 km my range is
               | 40/3.6 = 11 x 100 = 1100km.
               | 
               | If I need to do 260km at 3.6l/100km I need to do 260/100
               | = 2.6, times 3.6 = 9 litres.
               | 
               | With the "metric" way you need to do two calculations.
               | 
               | if you insist on using volume per length, I'd personally
               | prefer 36ml/km, then I know I need 36x260 ml of fuel to
               | go 260km, or my 40,000ml tank will take me 40000/36 =
               | 1100km.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | doikor wrote:
               | > The numbers don't work out too, "litres per 100km". Why
               | not millilitres per km (or litres per gigametre)
               | 
               | > I drive X miles (or X km), I then fill up with Y litres
               | (or Y gallons)
               | 
               | This isn't what most use the liters per 100km for though.
               | People just fill up whenever the light on the car tells
               | them to. Mainly the number is used to compare cars when
               | buying a new one. Some keep track of the actual
               | consumption to notice if something is wrong with their
               | car (just write down the current number on the odometer
               | and how many liters you put in on some
               | paper/app/whatever. you can do the actual calculations
               | later)
               | 
               | At least this has been my experience here in Finland.
        
               | manholio wrote:
               | > If I need to travel 260km at 20km/litre I need to but
               | 260/20 litres or about 13 litres.
               | 
               | > With the "metric" way you need to do two calculations.
               | 
               | That's really an absurd way of looking at it, because one
               | of those calculations is a division or multiplication by
               | 100, and 100km happens to be a typical distance someone
               | might be interested into finding fuel efficiency.
               | 
               | So the answer to me is an immediate mental computation,
               | 2.6 x 5l = 13, you never ever need to compute consumption
               | per km, express things in ml etc.
               | 
               | Your own "easy" examples look to me very intuitive and
               | convoluted, so I guess the systems are 100% comparable,
               | the only difference is the power of habit.
        
               | donedealomg wrote:
        
               | williamdclt wrote:
               | I dont think that's true. I see imperial much more than
               | metric.
               | 
               | Measures are much more common in inches, foot and miles
               | than metric. Volumes are much more common in cups,
               | gallons, pints than metric. Weights are more common in
               | pounds and ounces than metric.
               | 
               | That's in almost all domains, not just "a few high-
               | profile holdouts" (even cooking, where it kills me that
               | quantities of solids are in "cups" rather than grams...)
        
               | anonymous_sorry wrote:
               | > Measures are much more common in inches, foot and miles
               | than metric.
               | 
               | I think this is partially true, particularly with the
               | older generation. People often talk about their height in
               | feet and inches, and their weight in stone and pounds.
               | 
               | > Volumes are much more common in cups, gallons, pints
               | than metric. Weights are more common in pounds and ounces
               | than metric.
               | 
               | Your experience seems to be very different to mine. To be
               | honest I have no idea what a gallon even is, and no
               | intuitive concept of an ounce. The only place I have ever
               | seen measurements in "cups" is one chicken biryani recipe
               | I found on an American website. (I agree it's bizarre:
               | half a cup of mint leaves - wtf?!). Any recipe published
               | in the UK in the last couple of decades tends to be in
               | grams and millilitres. Example picked at random:
               | https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/recipes/chocolate-courgette-
               | cake
        
               | barnabee wrote:
               | Seems like this must vary a lot as my experience is very
               | different.
               | 
               | I rarely see/hear/use imperial outside pints and road
               | signs, or for "sizes" like screen or clothing waist
               | sizes, unless I'm talking to people a generation older
               | than me (I'm 40).
               | 
               | Every recipe site I use either has both or is entirely
               | metric, and I only ever use metric. I'd probably look
               | elsewhere if a search turned up a recipe in imperial
               | only.
               | 
               | Even distances are in KM outside of driving (because of
               | the road signs).
               | 
               | Pretty much everyone I know talks about their weight in
               | KG. Heights do seem pretty split between cm and ft/inches
               | but everyone understands both.
               | 
               | Most liquids except beer and cider (including other
               | alcohol like wine and spirits) are in litres and ml.
               | 
               | It's very obvious to me how metric-first life is for me
               | because visiting America involves constant conversion and
               | thinking whereas everything in other European countries
               | (which are generally entirely metric) comes easily.
        
             | Milner08 wrote:
             | Because they are a weird middle ground. UK uses metric
             | paper, metric weights and measures for _most_ things,
             | metric temperature. Where Imperial starts to slip in is
             | distance when driving (but not when running...), volumes of
             | Beer and Milk (mainly cause we want more beer than 500ml)
             | and body weight (where we use Stones, which is weird).
             | There are probably some other things as well, but metric is
             | the dominant system (for people under 60) for sure.
        
               | gadders wrote:
               | Height is nearly always feet and inches.
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | But so is the United States. In all industries where it
               | matters (science, technology, military, medicine) metric
               | is virtually the only measurement system that's used, not
               | to mention that a lot of products are sold in round
               | metric quantities, not imperial.
        
               | mcjiggerlog wrote:
               | The difference is that in the UK nearly everything you
               | interact with in your daily life is in metric. You won't
               | find anything in a UK household in imperial measurements
               | other than the bottle of milk in the fridge.
        
               | timrichard wrote:
               | For supermarket milk at least, I can only remember seeing
               | both units for quite a while. I had a glance at the one
               | in our fridge, and it says "2.272L 4 pints" on the label.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | There is a huge difference.
               | 
               | Ask an average American to give you the length of their
               | car, size of their kitchen or weight of a brick in metric
               | and they'll have no clue. The average British person can
               | do this, because education has been metric for 50+ years
               | and the least-technical industry (e.g. construction, DIY)
               | is metric.
               | 
               | (See e.g. https://www.diy.com/, the largest consumer-
               | facing DIY shop in Britain. It's 20kg of 10mm gravel,
               | doors in millimetres, paint in litres. I can't even see a
               | button offering an imperial conversion.)
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | /u/sgjohnson said metric is used in "in all industries
               | where it matters". Have you maybe considered that "the
               | length of their car, size of their kitchen or weight of a
               | brick" are all examples of where it _doesn't_ matter?
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Exactly. That's the huge difference.
               | 
               | The USA only uses metric in some important industries.
               | 
               | Britain uses it for lots of "unimportant" things, like
               | construction/DIY, medicine, health care, cooking,
               | sport/fitness.
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | Medicine and healthcare is metric in the US.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > Exactly. That's the huge difference.
               | 
               | I'm not really sure what your point is. If we take as a
               | starting point that the US used the metric system where
               | it matters, then why is it an issue that it isn't used
               | ubiquitously? I'm not saying you need to agree with the
               | claim "the US used the metric where it matters", but if
               | we just take that on face value, then why isn't that
               | enough? Why do you care if Americans talking amongst
               | themselves speak in their own vernacular and system of
               | measurements? What exactly is the problem?
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | The comment I first replied to said the US was in the
               | same middle-ground as the UK.
               | 
               | That is not true -- it's in a different middle ground,
               | much further from a fully-metric country. That's all my
               | point was.
               | 
               | > Why do you care if Americans talking amongst themselves
               | speak in their own vernacular and system of measurements?
               | 
               | It's fine if they keep it to themselves. I'm never
               | bothered by traditional Japanese floor area measurements,
               | for example. But Americans attempt to use their own,
               | private system when communicating to the rest of the
               | world, in commerce, software and media. (Search "Weather
               | Taipei" on Google while in Taiwan, with a browser set to
               | not-US-English, and you end up with Fahrenheit etc. Set
               | Windows to "English Ireland" and random bits of stuff
               | will still be in miles/degF.)
               | 
               | This even leaks to non-Americans (or maybe English
               | translators). It's annoying to go to a museum in, say,
               | Brazil and see the Portuguese text uses metric, but this
               | has been translated to pounds and feet in the English
               | text. Most of the tourists reading the English aren't
               | even American!
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | > But Americans attempt to use their own, private system
               | when communicating to the rest of the world, in commerce,
               | software and media.
               | 
               | What's the difference between that and when the rest of
               | the world tries to communicate with Americans using
               | metric? In my experience foreigners in the US complain
               | significantly more about the US not using metric while in
               | the US than Americans do while in countries using metric.
               | 
               | > Search "Weather Taipei" on Google while in Taiwan, with
               | a browser set to not-US-English, and you end up with
               | Fahrenheit etc.
               | 
               | Can you not set your choice of units as a preference? Or
               | are you annoyed that Google chose a default that is
               | different than the one you wish to see? Given there is no
               | universal choice that pleases everyone, wouldn't their
               | choice annoy some people no matter what? In any case,
               | this is a complain to direct to Google and not Americans
               | in general. Besides you're free to use another weather
               | app that matches your defaults.
               | 
               | > It's annoying to go to a museum in, say, Brazil and see
               | the Portuguese text uses metric, but this has been
               | translated to pounds and feet in the English text. Most
               | of the tourists reading the English aren't even American!
               | 
               | This is a complaint that should be directed at a certain
               | Brazilian museum.
        
               | frameset wrote:
               | That's absurd to say. Of course people care about the
               | sizes of their cars and kitchens. And they need to know
               | the weight of bricks when thinking about weight
               | tolerances in construction.
        
               | CogitoCogito wrote:
               | It is your post that is absurd. And you seem quite
               | confused. I never said people don't care about the sizes
               | of their cars and the weights of their bricks. I said
               | that maybe the use of the metric system doesn't matter
               | for those things. You are aware that it is possible to
               | speak of the sizes and weight of things in systems other
               | than metric right?
        
               | anjbe wrote:
               | Any American can visualize the size of a two-liter
               | bottle, thanks to our addiction to soda. Three-liter is
               | also a commonly available size. I've never in my life
               | seen anything sold in quantity of one liter here, though.
        
               | kps wrote:
               | And you buy a sheet of plywood that's 1220mm x 2440mm
               | which is _totally_ metric and not just 4x8 wearing a fake
               | moustache.
        
               | orthoxerox wrote:
               | Or you plan to buy the "metric" one that is 1250mm x
               | 2500mm, but your contractor messes up and buys the
               | "American" size after the studs have been built 625mm
               | apart.
        
               | mihaaly wrote:
               | Except engineering/architecture. Making design software
               | for architects and civil engineers in Europe then (trying
               | to) introduce it to the US market is a b**h!
        
             | bearmode wrote:
             | All kids in the UK learn metric, and possibly some imperial
             | (but only as a side thing). There are still things
             | colloquially said in imperial, such as weight and height,
             | but if you go to a doctor it will be in cm and kg.
             | 
             | We're still a bit of a mishmash, but it's not as bad as it
             | might seem from outside.
        
             | thrwyoilarticle wrote:
             | The picture acknowledges both
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | Not Canada though, which is definitely more imperial than
               | the UK.
        
               | thrwyoilarticle wrote:
               | >In Canada, Australia, India and some other former
               | Commonwealth countries vital statistics, living and
               | commercial spaces, oven temperatures and recipe
               | measurements might still be imperial.
        
           | _the_inflator wrote:
           | UK is also reversing in parts due to BREXIT.
        
             | mickeyp wrote:
             | Hardly. Britain's converting to metric -- one inch at a
             | time.
        
               | azatom wrote:
               | Like USA will begin in 2023!? I could hardly believe it
               | when I heard it, it is barely three centuries away!
        
             | bearmode wrote:
             | No, it's not. Any stories about doing so are just dead
             | cats.
        
             | xnorswap wrote:
             | It isn't really.
             | 
             | The government proposed a consultation on doing so, mostly
             | as a distraction.
             | 
             | I'd eat my hat if anything actually changes, the UK was
             | (partially) metricated over 50 years ago, there's zero
             | appetite for reversing it among people of working age and
             | business concerns will dominate any serious consultation
             | around changing legislation.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | There is zero appetite for brexit or for the government
               | by working age people either, all the political choices
               | for the last 10 years have matched the result of what the
               | over 65s want, if nobody under 65 votrs there would have
               | been no difference.
               | 
               | On the other hand if nobody over 65 voted every vote
               | would be different.
        
               | oblio wrote:
               | His point is that elections are cheap.
               | 
               | Business interests align with hard cash. That's going to
               | lean towards metric.
               | 
               | Over 65s don't "vote" much in businesses, they're
               | retired.
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | There's also 0 appetite for completing the metrication
               | process.
        
               | xnorswap wrote:
               | Sure, but that's little to do with brexit and it's only
               | really Miles (Road Signage) and Pints (of beer) that
               | aren't metricated. Even milk is (legally speaking) sold
               | by the litre.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | And 2x4s? (I hear you call them 4x2s over there...)
        
               | anonymous_sorry wrote:
               | "two-by-four" is used colloquially in the UK for stuff
               | with that approximate cross section, but wood is
               | generally sold with millimetre measurements.
        
               | simondotau wrote:
               | It's not even approximate. A typical two by four is
               | around 1.5 by 3.5 inches, which is a full third less
               | material than lumber which literally measures 2 by 4.
        
               | formerly_proven wrote:
               | IIRC this is because "two by four" refers to the size of
               | the rough-sawn stock, but you buy milled 2x4s, so the
               | difference is simply what's removed in milling. You can
               | get these odd formats (stuff like "78x34 mm") in hardware
               | stores here, too, it's just that they're not used for
               | construction, because construction lumber is "hard
               | metric", i.e. nice round numbers like 40x60 mm etc.
        
               | xnorswap wrote:
               | While there's an equivalent size, those are (legally
               | speaking) sold by the mm.
               | 
               | For example: https://www.builderdepot.co.uk/timber-
               | sheets/carcassing-timb...
               | 
               | Note the listing is primarily in mm with the imperial
               | measure along side.
               | 
               | So of course the actual size is still equivalent to the
               | old imperial size because of the history, from a legal
               | perspective it's metric.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | Right, the size cannot easily change I suppose, for how
               | could you repair older houses/etc? Or use older building
               | plans?
               | 
               | We (Canada) partially transitioned too, but didn't
               | complete the building supplies part of it.
               | 
               | So food is all metric, roads, speed limits, distances,
               | weights, yet wood is imperial, and tools are metric and
               | imperial.
               | 
               | This makes sense, because with the US so close, and the
               | largest trading partner, imperial cannot fully vanish in
               | some repects, until they get rid of it too.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | 2x4 is a name of lumber that's not 2 by 4 inches at all.
        
               | simondotau wrote:
               | "Two by four" is a category descriptor, not a
               | measurement. Such products do not have dimensions which
               | equal 2 and 4 in either imperial or metric units.
        
               | pansa2 wrote:
               | Are a lot of things still sold as "454g / 1lb" or "568ml
               | / 1 pint" (as I recall from a decade ago)? In most metric
               | countries those would just be "500g" and "500ml".
        
               | xnorswap wrote:
               | That used to be the case but typically I'd say most meat
               | now is sold in round number of grams, for example 500g
               | mince:
               | 
               | https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/250871426
               | 
               | And 400g Chicken (these definitely used to be ~450g packs
               | for a long time):
               | 
               | https://www.tesco.com/groceries/en-GB/products/304404328
               | 
               | I suspect shrink-flation has ended up rounding things to
               | metric even when they were previously based off round
               | imperial measures.
               | 
               | Unlike inches, I can't remember the last time I saw
               | something marked with lbs, I'm not sure I could even
               | properly process how heavy "2lbs" is.
        
               | bloak wrote:
               | The Wikipedia article (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metr
               | ication_in_the_United_King...) mentions three legal
               | exceptions: road traffic signs; pints for draught beer
               | and cider, and milk in returnable containers; and troy
               | ounces for transactions in precious metals.
               | 
               | It doesn't mention one product that is very much in the
               | news at the moment: energy. I'm fairly sure they still
               | sell it by the kWh rather than the MJ.
               | 
               | Colloquially, people still talk about calories rather
               | than kJ in food. (And they do that even in Germany, I
               | think, one of the few places where they measure font
               | sizes in mm rather than points, or so I've heard.)
               | 
               | EDIT: Perhaps kWh counts as metric, even though it's not
               | SI?
        
               | kalleboo wrote:
               | Everywhere I've lived people also discuss display sizes
               | in inches despite everything else being metric.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | display sizes are in inches everywhere (like in the
               | world) indeed - mostly b/c they are produced in such a
               | way...
        
               | sgjohnson wrote:
               | And air conditioners. Even on mainland Europe they are
               | mostly advertised in BTUs.
        
               | anonymous_sorry wrote:
               | kWh is more metric than imperial, although Joules are of
               | course the standard unit of energy.
               | 
               | Watts are a metric unit, as are seconds. Hours are not
               | formally an SI unit, but at least according to Wikipedia
               | [0] are "officially accepted for use with the SI".
               | 
               | [0] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-
               | SI_units_mentioned_in_th...
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | A kilowatt hour is 1000 joules per second over 3600
               | seconds, the amount of power a 1kW heater uses in 1 hour.
               | Its as metric as the hectare
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | And 1 Joule is one Newton-metre (i.e. it takes 1 J to
               | pull with a force of 1 N over a distance 1 m).
        
               | anonymous_sorry wrote:
               | You are right. Is say it is metric, if not standard SI.
        
               | N19PEDL2 wrote:
               | I guess kWh counts as metric, as W is SI and h is
               | accepted by SI (as, for example, in km/h). The Imperial
               | unit is maybe the calorie (I'm not sure though).
               | 
               | EDIT: According to Wikipedia [0], the Imperial unit of
               | energy is ft[?]lbf.
               | 
               | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foot-pound_(energy)
        
               | HPsquared wrote:
               | The calorie is also kind of metric: the energy needed to
               | heat 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius.
               | 
               | The kcal (kilocalorie) is what most people mean when they
               | refer to calories in food, and that's just the energy
               | needed to heat 1 kg of water by 1 deg C.
               | 
               | Since a person is mostly water this means that, say if
               | you weigh 100 kg, and eat 1000 kcal of food, that food
               | contains (theoretically) enough energy to heat your body
               | mass by 10 deg C. The units do give a kind of intuitive
               | understanding of the energy in food, while also being
               | based on metric quantities.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | The non-metric energy measurement in current discussion
               | in Britain is the therm, 100,000 BTU. It seems natural
               | gas is sold in this measure at some of the London
               | exchanges.
               | 
               | It's sold in MWh in the rest of Europe.
        
               | xxs wrote:
               | >EDIT: Perhaps kWh counts as metric, even though it's not
               | SI?
               | 
               | No need for perhaps, unless it's btu (or some horse
               | power/hour) it's metric.
        
           | donedealomg wrote:
        
           | littlestymaar wrote:
           | Interestingly enough per wikipedia[1], Myanmar and Liberia
           | uses the A4 format while not using the metric system.
           | 
           | [1]: https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A4_(format)#/media/Fichier
           | :Pre...
        
         | mathieuh wrote:
         | I was watching a guitar repair video on YouTube this morning
         | and the luthier referred to the action of the guitar as being
         | "five-and-a-half sixty-fourths". This blew my mind.
        
           | pessimizer wrote:
           | I don't know how easy halving is genius when it comes to A4
           | paper, but somehow considered hopelessly convoluted when
           | giving measurements in base 2.
        
           | checkyoursudo wrote:
           | Easier than saying "five sixty-fourths and one one-hundred-
           | and-twenty-eighth"
        
             | mkl wrote:
             | But not easier than eleven one-hundred-and-twenty-eighths,
             | and definitely not easier than 2.2mm.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | 1/64th of an inch is less than half a milimetre. Does the
               | average DIYer have that type of accuracy and precision?
        
               | mkl wrote:
               | With calipers, sure. Even without precise measurements,
               | we make size adjustments smaller than that when making a
               | tight fit by sanding or whatever.
        
               | lstodd wrote:
               | Even a shitty chinese desktop planer can get you
               | consistent 0.1mm precision if you perform requisite
               | rituals.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | I could perhaps understand the use of fahrenheit for
         | temperature - I'm not used to it, but people say the changes in
         | different temperature degrees are more like how we perceive
         | them (perhaps temperature is like some things like sound level
         | that we perceive logarithmically, and ferenheit maps better to
         | it [1]).
         | 
         | Not sure if this is valid (celsius looks fine to me) but if it
         | is, sure, fahrenheit makes sense.
         | 
         | But for the rest, like distance and weight? What the fuck?!
         | 
         | [1] I'm not claiming we do perceive temperature logarithmically
         | - just making an analogy with another case (sound) in which we
         | don't use a straight linear relationship because it doesn't
         | match our intuitive perception (e.g. of volume "doubling").
        
           | dev_tty01 wrote:
           | Fahrenheit is nice because the normal range of temps for most
           | climates that humans generally prefer to inhabit is about 0
           | to 100. Over 100 starts to be dangerous to humans without
           | some form of cooling, evaporative or otherwise. 0 F (-18 C)
           | is about as cold a temp as most (not all) people would want
           | to live in. Ironically, viewed from that perspective,
           | Fahrenheit gives typical temps a nice powers of ten
           | framework, which is normally one of the great advantages of
           | metric systems. Celsius fails in this regard, going from -18
           | C to 28 C for the same range. Less precision and no intuitive
           | decimal framework.
           | 
           | On the other hand, I completely agree that the rest of the
           | non-metric measurements are just a mess. However, the binary
           | nature of cups, pints, quarts, half gallons, and gallons are
           | kind of quaint I suppose.
        
           | Aaronmacaron wrote:
           | What do you mean? Fahrenheit is not logarithmic. The
           | conversion function from Fahrenheit to Celsius is literallay
           | a linear function: c(f) = f(5/9) - (160/9)
        
             | coldtea wrote:
             | > _What do you mean? Fahrenheit is not logarithmic._
             | 
             | It's not like I didn't explicitly cover that:
             | 
             | "I'm not claiming we do perceive temperature
             | logarithmically - just making an analogy with another case
             | (sound) in which we don't use a straight linear
             | relationship because it doesn't match our intuitive
             | perception (e.g. of volume "doubling")."
             | 
             | So, no, I'm not saying temperature perception is
             | logarithmic and Fahrenheit is logarithmic to match it.
             | 
             | I'm just saying that similarly to how dB suits sound
             | perception better (because it's logarithmic and more
             | appropriate to our logarithmic perception of volume),
             | fahrenheit might fit intuitive temperature perception
             | better (because it's more appropriate to our perception of
             | temperature).
             | 
             | Actually, I'm not even saying this is the case. Just that
             | I've read and heard people claim that, so it could be (I'm
             | not from a fahrenheit using country, so can't speal for how
             | it intuitively feels), for one example:
             | 
             | https://thevane.gawker.com/fahrenheit-is-a-better-
             | temperatur...
        
         | almostdigital wrote:
         | This standard isn't part of the metric system though
        
           | anonymous_sorry wrote:
           | No, but the post mentions that A0 was chosen to have an area
           | of one square metre. (Actually 0.999 square metres - you need
           | a bit of fudge factor if you want sides in integer
           | millimeters and a ratio of root 2)
        
           | mkl wrote:
           | I'd say it's part of it in the sense that it's based
           | completely on it. It's not a unit or set of units though.
        
         | samatman wrote:
         | Shame this comment is floating to the top, for a few reasons.
         | 
         | First: The DIN paper standards aren't a part of the metric
         | system. They are a use of the metric system.
         | 
         | Second, the important part: what makes A series paper cool
         | (truly one of my favorite standards) is a ratio, these are by
         | definition independent of metric.
         | 
         | One can imagine a paper standard based on 36 inches, rather
         | than 1 meter, which would have all of the good properties of A
         | and B series paper.
         | 
         | The third reason is that the imperial measurement system is
         | also an application of the metric system. But others have
         | covered that already.
         | 
         | It's an ongoing source of amusement to me that people fluent in
         | just one system of measurement look down on a continent of
         | hundreds of millions whose educated class is fluent in both.
        
           | twelvechairs wrote:
           | Also the metre is a weird unit to use as a base. It is based
           | on an incorrect 17th C estimation of the circumfrence of the
           | earth and is now standardised as some weird fraction of the
           | distance light travels in a vacuum in a second (a second
           | itself being based on a weird fraction of transitions in a
           | stable form of Cesium atom)
           | 
           | A foot is at least something very closely aligned across many
           | cultures (from ancient Egypt to Japan) because of because of
           | its clear and useful relationship to human scale and building
           | products
        
             | iggldiggl wrote:
             | > A foot is at least something very closely aligned
             | 
             | Hmm, the largest historic European foot listed on the
             | corresponding Wikipedia page is almost 30 % larger than the
             | smallest foot. So while they indeed all are somewhere
             | roughly 30 cm-ish long, after a few feet those differences
             | will still add up considerably...
        
             | perilunar wrote:
             | > based on an incorrect 17th C estimation of the
             | circumfrence of the earth
             | 
             | Incorrect? It's pretty bloody close for 1793 -- The error
             | is less than 0.02% !
        
         | Theodores wrote:
         | I was a staunch advocate of the metric system, however, I am
         | not the 'fanboy' I once was.
         | 
         | It all makes sense and seems really clever when you are at
         | school with your little ruler with those weird inch things on
         | the unused side. I could bark at any adult daring to use an
         | outlawed measurement unit, to put them in their place.
         | 
         | To a certain extent we do that with Americans and their usage
         | of 'weird' units that make no sense to people outside of the
         | UK. However, as I have got older, I have learned to appreciate
         | why these quaint measurements have survived the test of time.
         | For example the 0.1 inch pitch spacing of integrated circuits
         | is a gentle reminder that Americans pioneered and invented all
         | of this stuff and that, despite the politics and sentiment of
         | the time, some respect is deserved for the non-metric giant
         | shoulders we stand on.
         | 
         | Every British person knows what a metre is but most British
         | people will give their height in feet and inches. Ask those
         | people what their height is in metres and your guess is as good
         | as mine.
         | 
         | Weight has made a slow transition to kilograms in the UK. Stone
         | is still a measurement. But when an American describes weight
         | in pounds the average British person has not the foggiest.
         | 
         | I find more beauty in the vernacular measurements and I can
         | play devil's advocate - 'Metric is French Napoleon conquest
         | bad'.
         | 
         | Nowadays we have electronic gadgets to do the simplest
         | arithmetic. Nobody does long division on paper these days. They
         | don't even have a pen. The benefits of the decimal system are
         | somewhat moot. I can see why base 12 measurements stick around
         | but no idea why base 14 is a thing.
         | 
         | Anyway, couldn't the A4 problem have been solved with non
         | square pixels?
        
       | kasperni wrote:
       | A map of paper size usage throughout the world:
       | https://vividmaps.com/paper-sizes-world-map/
        
         | aeyes wrote:
         | I wish it was like this. Some countries have two standardized
         | sizes where certain documents are in "US letter" and others in
         | "US legal" format depending on the institution.
        
           | masklinn wrote:
           | > Some countries have two standardized sizes where certain
           | documents are in "US letter" and others in "US legal" format
           | depending on the institution.
           | 
           | To be fair it used to be even worse, as the fed used to use
           | demitab (8x10.5).
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | I wondered whether the fjords use US letter, at first. ;)
        
       | davelondon wrote:
       | The same size relationship is for Euro stacking containers:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euro_container
        
       | w4rh4wk5 wrote:
       | While I really appreciate the fact that you can split an A4 sheet
       | and get two A5 sheets. Even as a European, I always felt like the
       | American letter format feels 'nicer'. I feel like the letter
       | format's ratio works better for taking notes in a notebook or
       | browsing through printed pages -- less tall, but wider than A4.
       | 
       | Anyone made a similar experience?
        
         | KingOfCoders wrote:
         | I do think A4 is too wide for note taking, I almost always use
         | two columns.
        
           | xxs wrote:
           | so A5?
        
             | stephen_g wrote:
             | Not necessarily, if they're talking about splitting it
             | vertically, not horizontally.
        
         | puzzledobserver wrote:
         | I agree. The American reluctance to metric units is strange and
         | I appreciate the mathematical elegance of ISO paper sizes, but
         | letter paper just feels more pleasant on the eyes than A4.
        
           | rootusrootus wrote:
           | > American reluctance to metric units
           | 
           | Reluctance is too strong a word. In the US we use metric for
           | quite a lot of measurements. Frequently things are labeled in
           | both metric and imperial. What we have is ambivalence. Folks
           | from countries with more metric adoption care way, way more
           | about the US using imperial than anyone in the US does.
        
             | chadlavi wrote:
             | I dunno about ambivalent. Tell a US person it's 30deg
             | outside in the summer and at best they'll give you a blank
             | stare, at worst they'll say "well no it's gotta be warmer
             | than that out." They don't learn it, so no one uses it. If
             | schools taught it then it might catch on. The food labeling
             | stuff is for regulatory reasons, the only metric units US
             | people actually use are liters for beverages.
        
       | hazn wrote:
       | Beautiful (in an educational sense and in a visual sense) CGP
       | Grey video on metric paper: https://youtu.be/pUF5esTscZI
        
         | jcynix wrote:
         | Cool animation, as almost always by CGP Grey. Reminds me of the
         | book "Powers of Ten" by Philip and Phylis Morrison, published
         | in 1982 ("Scientific American Books")
        
           | anonymfus wrote:
           | In the Director's Commentary
           | (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8lyN6Qg8VQ4 ) CGP Grey said
           | that it was directly inspired by the video version of "Powers
           | of Ten".
        
           | mkl wrote:
           | Powers of Ten was also a 1977 short film:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0fKBhvDjuy0
           | 
           | (Duplicating my own comment from a few months ago.)
        
         | vxNsr wrote:
         | That video kinda lost the thread of what it was supposed to be
         | about, it went from a cool video about paper (which admittedly
         | is no easy task) to a generic "things are small but also things
         | are big"
        
           | julianbuse wrote:
           | I dont think the video is really about the paper, it's just a
           | hook.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | Orthanc wrote:
         | Glad you liked it!
        
           | jorl17 wrote:
           | Just taking a second to appreciate you and your work. I have
           | one of the first ever Theme System Journals. While I've grown
           | older and now no longer watch your videos as religiously as
           | before, I do still follow along Cortex.
           | 
           | I was a patron for Hello Internet. Though I doubt it will, I
           | hope you guys can one day bring it back. So many fond
           | memories :)
           | 
           | Thank you for your hard work and almost-always insightful
           | remarks!
        
             | leshenka wrote:
             | What happened to HI though? They seemingly stopped doing it
             | without any reason and I really liked it. Thankfully Cortex
             | is a lot like HI and I enjoy it a lot.
        
           | porkbrain wrote:
           | I wish HN had a feature to follow or anotate users. Not the
           | first time I meet someone interesting I know from another
           | space here on HN. However, without such feature, I shall
           | forget the username.
        
             | scott_s wrote:
             | Create a bookmark category for HN users you want to follow,
             | and bookmark their comment pages.
        
             | dskloet wrote:
             | I figured since for Reddit this functionality is provided
             | by RES, for HN it should be HNES so I searched "hacker news
             | enhancement suite" and found this [1] which does list
             | "Ability to tag users" among its features.
             | 
             | [1]: https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/hacker-news-
             | enhanc...
        
             | yoyojojofosho wrote:
             | You can use Hacker News RSS [0] and subscribe to a user's
             | feed [1] via https://hnrss.org/user?id=USERNAME
             | 
             | [0]: https://hnrss.github.io/
             | 
             | [1]: https://hnrss.github.io/#user-feeds
        
           | user_7832 wrote:
           | Are you really CGP Grey? If so, thank you for your high
           | quality videos! (Science) educators like you make YouTube and
           | the internet a better place :)
           | 
           | (Ooh, I had a quick question if you don't mind - how did you
           | get into animating the videos in the beginning? I'm also
           | hoping to make sciencey/educational/technical videos on
           | YouTube but I don't have any animation/software experience.
           | Right now I'm just planning to draw static images/diagrams on
           | my iPad and use that for the video, like a slideshow.)
        
             | manholio wrote:
             | He goes into it in an older comment in his history:
             | https://news.ycombinator.com/threads?id=Orthanc
        
             | Orthanc wrote:
             | Yes it's really me -- I don't often comment on hacker news,
             | but it was just funny to come across my own video here.
        
         | burlesona wrote:
         | That went a very different direction than I expected. Thanks
         | for sharing :)
        
       | cylinder714 wrote:
       | I cannot believe no one has posted Markus Kuhn's excellent page
       | on the subject, first appearing in 1996:
       | 
       | https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/iso-paper.html
        
         | chadlavi wrote:
         | It never occurred to me that these same sizes trickle all the
         | way down to passports, IDs and business cards
        
       | avnigo wrote:
       | I can't not share this excellent video on the subject by CGP Grey
       | on "metric paper":
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pUF5esTscZI
        
         | jagrsw wrote:
         | It's interesting that the human scale is (logarithmically) in
         | the middle between the plank distance and the size of the
         | observable universe.
        
       | Aeolun wrote:
       | I never realized this, but I'm glad I learned why this is.
       | 
       | It's the kind of thing that you always wonder about but never
       | seriously investigate.
       | 
       | You could go a whole lifetime without knowing...
        
       | pottertheotter wrote:
       | If you moved from Europe to the US (or vice versa), I'm curious
       | what your thoughts are on using A4 vs US letter? And I mean once
       | you were settled and transitioned to using the other standard,
       | did you find yourself thinking one was better than the other?
       | 
       | Another way of asking this is, if you could magically make it so
       | that everyone had been using and today used one of the two (A4 or
       | US letter), would it matter to you?
        
         | jahewson wrote:
         | For modern typeset documents it's a close call but I'd say that
         | A4 has a slight edge in that it's longer and the extra width of
         | US Letter in practice just means wider margins.
         | 
         | But it's when you start folding and mailing the paper that the
         | A* system really shines, US system is maddeningly frustrating.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | codethief wrote:
         | > A4 vs US letter
         | 
         | I (European) spent some time in the US in the past and, while I
         | understand why many people prefer A4, I found one major
         | advantage of the US letter format: It is, like so many things
         | in America, bigger.
         | 
         | Very useful if you have to write down equations!
        
           | Beltalowda wrote:
           | It's slightly wider (6mm) but shorter (18mm), not really
           | "bigger". In terms of surface area it's a bit smaller.
        
           | athenot wrote:
           | It's only 6mm wider than A4, but 18mm _shorter_ (about 3 /4
           | inch)                   A4      210mm x 297mm         Letter
           | 216mm x 279mm
        
             | codethief wrote:
             | You're absolutely right, it is shorter - for some reason my
             | memories just skipped that part. Maybe because the width is
             | the most relevant when writing down long equations. :)
        
         | biztos wrote:
         | I've done this both ways a few times, and still bounce between
         | Europe and the US a lot. Once I got used to A4 et al I found it
         | maddening that the _other_ sizes are missing in the US.
         | 
         | A4 vs Letter is no big deal, IMO, with modern printer drivers
         | and PDFs and so on.
         | 
         | But once you start making regular use of A5 and A3, it's hard
         | to adjust to their absence.
         | 
         | However, the DIN sizes are not the only standard sizes in
         | Europe! There are also (de facto?) sizes for art paper, canvas
         | board, and stretched canvas.
         | 
         | For example, 30x40cm is a standard size for painters, and A3
         | (almost but not quite the same) is only really used for
         | drawing... and sometimes for prints, depending on technology.
         | 
         | On the US side, 9x12in is a standard size for both drawing and
         | watercolor. And it fits exactly zero frames you can buy off the
         | shelf in Europe. But at least 16x20in is almost 40x50cm! That's
         | been a lifesaver.
         | 
         | Just today I was pleased to realize that my "weird" sized
         | Chinese watercolor paper -- Baohong, good stuff - is within a
         | few mm of A5. Because I'll take any standard at this point.
        
           | solidsnack9000 wrote:
           | Yeah, the other sizes are great -- I have small assortment of
           | A* paper at home, now, sourced from various countries.
        
         | prennert wrote:
         | when I see text on US letter, I tend to struggle reading it
         | fast. This is because I find it hard to find the next line
         | after I read to the end of a line. I think there is an optimal
         | line width that allows the eyes to flow from line to line, and
         | documents in the US letter format does seem to regular exceed
         | that.
         | 
         | Of course this is not intrinsically the fault of the paper
         | size. The lines could just be narrower. But then you get a
         | massive margin, which is often not what you want for a
         | /letter/. At least not one printed on 10pt or 12pt. Once you
         | put notes in the margins, or double column layout, US letter
         | might be superior. Maybe also for typed letters as the words
         | tend to be wider in that case.
         | 
         | I am curious if people experience the same, or potentially the
         | other way around.
        
         | vlmutolo wrote:
         | I'm American and started using A4 because good fountain pen
         | paper is usually A4, A5, etc.
         | 
         | I eventually found that I like the A4 size better than US
         | Letter. US Letter seems unnecessarily wide for most writing.
        
         | deepspace wrote:
         | I moved from a metric country to Canada 25 years ago. Although
         | Canada is technically metric, pounds, and feet still abound. It
         | sometimes feels like litres and km are the only metric units
         | actually used here.
         | 
         | Of all the European measurements, the one I miss most here is
         | the paper size. I still struggle with the scaling mess that is
         | US paper sizes, and long for the elegance of the A, B and C
         | series.
        
       | jcynix wrote:
       | The international paper size standard is ISO 216. It is based on
       | the German DIN 476 standard for paper sizes. This standard was
       | designed by the German engineer and mathematician Walter
       | Porstmann in 1922.
       | 
       | Cf https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Porstmann
        
         | impendia wrote:
         | The ISO will charge you 58 CHF (equivalent to 59 USD) to _read_
         | the standard.
         | 
         | https://www.iso.org/standard/36631.html
         | 
         | I can't help but feel a perverse pleasure that the US refuses
         | to switch.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | And ANSI will charge you $68 [1] to read the US paper sizes
           | standard [2].
           | 
           | [1] https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/ASME/ASMEY142020
           | 
           | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI/ASME_Y14.1
        
           | magnio wrote:
           | If only the US didn't use C because it costs 198 CHF to read
           | the standard.
        
             | zymhan wrote:
             | I pity the fool still programming in ANSI C
        
           | nautilius wrote:
           | Pfft, have you tried accessing _any_ standard here? (ASME,
           | IEEE, etc.)
           | 
           | That perverse pleasure must be masochism.
        
       | dbelford wrote:
       | Are there fields (architects, engineers?) that take advantage of
       | the the technical pen scaling? Or scanning software that is aware
       | of the pen/paper ratios? This seems like a great way to have some
       | consistency in analog/digital conversions. It would be nice to
       | have 10 years of digitized notes that all have consistent sizing
       | after scanning.
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | Architects and engineers certainly used to. Most engineering
         | drawings are printed now, but presumably occasional
         | modifications are still made by hand.
        
           | dbelford wrote:
           | In another comment you mentioned easy scaling in a
           | photocopier. And cylinder714 linked to a description of iso-
           | paper that mentions an ISO (ISO 9175-1) for pens.
           | 
           | Is there a term or place to search for pens sets that scale
           | with A*/B* paper? Using the ISO or "technical pen" doesn't
           | return obvious matches (from my US based search at least).
        
       | 2143 wrote:
       | > 80 gsm (grams per square metre) paper at A0 size weighs
       | precisely 80g. A4 paper at that density therefore weighs 5g since
       | it's been halved 4 times
       | 
       | So when they mark the gsm number onto a ream of A4 sheets, is 80
       | the gsm of A0 or A4?
       | 
       | Excellent article by the way. Thank you.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | cafeinux wrote:
         | Both. A 80 gsm ( = grams per square meter)A4 sheet has the same
         | density as a 80 gsm A0 sheet (80 gsm= 80 gsm) but only 1/16th
         | its weight (5g = 1/16x80g) since it only has 1/16th its area.
        
         | masklinn wrote:
         | > So when they mark the gsm number onto a ream of A4 sheets, is
         | 80 the gsm of A0 or A4?
         | 
         | It's the same thing, since it's the _g_ rams per _s_ quare _m_
         | eter. A0 is 1sqm by definition, and if you tile A4s until you
         | have 1sqm of it, you get A0 (at least if you double through the
         | small side every time: A4 -> A3 -> A2 -> A1 -> A0)
        
       | solidsnack9000 wrote:
       | I hope we will use the A* family of paper sizes in the USA more
       | widely. Many excellent notebooks, notepads, &c are available from
       | Germany, Japan, France and England in the A* family of sizes, and
       | they all work with the corresponding envelopes. There is so much
       | paper correspondence -- in the form of utility bills, government
       | notices, packing lists, and many other things -- that could fit
       | on A5, which is a handy size for many things; and now
       | manufactured in great quantities all over the world.
        
         | jbay808 wrote:
         | When I lived in Japan and worked with ISO paper, it made me
         | realize what we in North America are missing out on. I wish it
         | were more widely available because I'd buy it.
        
       | z3t4 wrote:
       | I'm still waiting for a thin low weight A4 size eink reader
        
       | jeff-davis wrote:
       | The article never mentions why folding in half is a good thing.
       | It is, of course, but why half, and not fifths?
       | 
       | The reason is that two is a good factor to work with. Multiplying
       | and dividing by two is more common than by five in a lot of
       | domains. Three is pretty useful also.
       | 
       | But the metric system is based on ten, which has factors two and
       | five. Five is not such a great factor and often creates awkward
       | numbers when dividing by two or three.
       | 
       | The US measurement system, while inconsistent and arbitrary in
       | many ways, but handles factors of two a lot better. Two cups in a
       | pint, two pints in a quart, four quarts in a gallon.
       | 
       | Better would be to have a consistent measurement system in base
       | 12. Two twos and a three are a nice set of factors to work with.
       | And twelve is still a nice "order of magnitude" that gives a good
       | sense of scale.
       | 
       | When it comes to distances, feet are actually pretty good in this
       | regard. Degrees and time are base 60, which includes an extra
       | five factor, so I guess it's combining all of them.
       | 
       | The non-US world is smug about A4 and the metric system, but the
       | very reasons that A4 is good shows why the metric system is not
       | quite as brilliant as people like to think it is.
       | 
       | (Obviously standardization and consistency have value, too. The
       | metric system is good in that regard.)
        
         | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
         | It's a physical good. The reason is that it's easy to fold in
         | half and it offers a good enough granularity of size.
         | 
         | Also having a measuring system in base 10 when you use base 10
         | for notation will always be more handy to calculate even it has
         | less divisors. Your comment is the kind of comment which can
         | only be made by someone who has never used metric.
        
         | monopoliessuck wrote:
         | I agree with you, but think 16 would be a better base than 12
         | as it's binary reducible all the way down. It doesn't have a
         | factor of three, which can be useful, but being able to
         | natively understand and do math in a hex base would be such a
         | boon, especially in the computer era.
         | 
         | The Babylonians base 60 was quite a practical decision we
         | partially inherited, but the metric 10 and Aztec 20 were
         | probably just cavemen looking at their fingers (and toes).
         | 
         | If you use your thumb to index the interphalangeal joints of
         | your hand, you also get 16 which is super slick. A4 is a nice
         | standard, but we really missed out on realizing base 16 metric.
        
           | int_19h wrote:
           | We're already long past the point where doing math in hex (or
           | binary) is something that an average software engineer is
           | likely to face. And outside of the industry, who ever cared?
        
           | Beltalowda wrote:
           | Can't divide 16 by 3 though; the nice thing about 12 is that
           | you get nice natural numbers for many common divisors:
           | >>> 12/2, 12/3, 12/4, 12/5, 12/6, 12/7, 12/8       (6.0, 4.0,
           | 3.0, 2.4, 2.0, 1.7142857142857142, 1.5)            >>> 16/2,
           | 16/3, 16/4, 16/5, 16/6, 16/7, 16/8       (8.0,
           | 5.333333333333333, 4.0, 3.2, 2.6666666666666665,
           | 2.2857142857142856, 2.0)
           | 
           | With base-12, only 7 is awkward (and that's probably okay as
           | it's not that common) and the non-natural numbers of 2.4 and
           | 1.5 when dividing by 5 and 8 are still fairly easy to deal
           | with. Dividing by the common figures of 2, 3, and 4 gives
           | nice numbers.
           | 
           | Base-16 has the "infinite number problem" for 3 and 6 that
           | base-10 has, and only 2, 4, and 8 give natural numbers.
           | 
           | This is probably why there are 12 months and why people used
           | "a dozen" for a long time.
        
         | int_19h wrote:
         | It would be great to have a consistent measurement system in
         | base-12 on top of base-12 numbers. But without this latter
         | part, you end up with base-12 units computed in base-10
         | numbers, which creates more mess than having a few extra
         | divisors remove.
         | 
         | And, unfortunately, we're way too committed to base-10 to
         | change it now. So metric it is.
        
         | throwaway744678 wrote:
         | Sheets of paper are not used to measure or calculate things,
         | unlike the metric system.
        
         | katbyte wrote:
         | all seems more complicated then just dropping down a unit in
         | metric and doing whatever maths you need, without dealing won't
         | fractions or weird units.
        
         | Beltalowda wrote:
         | I agree base-12 would be better (having 12 months is nice) in
         | principle, but in practice I found it rarely to be an issue and
         | I've paid special attention to it since I first heard this
         | argument a few years ago because it sounded convincing at
         | first.
         | 
         | Stuff like easily using fractions (1.65m, and what's halfway
         | between 6"4' and 6"5'?), division of things with fraction
         | (what's half of 6"4'?), and converting from cm to m is much
         | more common. So while metric does indeed make some things
         | harder, it makes many common things easier. Overall, it seems
         | like a fair trade-off.
        
         | orthoxerox wrote:
         | > Better would be to have a consistent measurement system in
         | base 12.
         | 
         | Or a system in base 60, where 12 and 5 are alternating:
         | 
         | - 12 hairs = 1 graph square - 5 graph squares = 1 inch - 12
         | inches = 1 foot - 5 feet = 1 manlet - 12 manlets = 1 stone's
         | throw - 5 stone's throws = 1 dash
         | 
         | And so on
        
       | _HMCB_ wrote:
       | As an American, I can say A4 feels just perfect to me. Not too
       | large or small.
        
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