[HN Gopher] Cannabis legalization decreases stock market value o...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Cannabis legalization decreases stock market value of major
       pharmaceutical firms
        
       Author : DocFeind
       Score  : 241 points
       Date   : 2022-09-02 16:03 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (news.unm.edu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (news.unm.edu)
        
       | swayvil wrote:
       | Here in Illinois they charge huge $ for a license to grow.
       | 
       | And they suppress opiates. And promote weed.
       | 
       | And the dispensaries are all owned by the usual billionaires.
       | That includes our governor.
       | 
       | Weed legalization is a cash-channeling strategy.
        
         | maxbond wrote:
         | Capitalists will always hop on the bandwagon during the last
         | mile, when the risk has been largely eliminated and the rewards
         | are huge. This is their usual playbook; externalize costs and
         | risk while reaping the rewards.
         | 
         | But what made weed legalization happen is decades of activism,
         | not business interests.
        
         | pm90 wrote:
         | This is simply how markets work.
         | 
         | Currently the US has so much wealth disparity that billionaires
         | will simply move from monopolizing one industry to another,
         | whenever it becomes legal and lucrative. Ideally, we would have
         | mechanisms that prevent this kind of consolidation to make the
         | market work better.
        
           | swayvil wrote:
           | Yeah, but when you tweak the laws to favor certain
           | investments that ain't quite "how markets work" anymore.
        
       | jessaustin wrote:
       | Thank goodness we had this whole covid thing to prop up these
       | poor pharma companies, a subset of whose yearly profit of $35B
       | dwarfs the _revenue_ of entire sectors of our economy. (Cable
       | news: less than $6B revenue.)
       | 
       | https://www.oxfam.org/en/press-releases/pfizer-biontech-and-...
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >a subset of whose yearly profit of $35B dwarfs the revenue of
         | entire sectors of our economy. (Cable news: less than $6B
         | revenue.)
         | 
         | Is that supposed to be a problem? You can argue that pharama
         | companies are extracting too much profit for what they do, but
         | they certainly deliver more value to society in my mind than
         | cable news.
        
           | suoduandao2 wrote:
           | Cable news may be a bad example if we're talking about
           | positive value delivered to society. But how much of the
           | health benefits from modern sanitation are modern
           | pharmaceuticals taking credit for? It seems an unreliable
           | value proposition, particularly given how many new
           | medications study-shop when comparing against existing ones.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | jessaustin wrote:
           | I'm more concerned with the practical effects of the number
           | than with its moral weight. There is a whiff of corruption
           | about USA's response to covid, among other health challenges.
           | I refer not to covid's murky origin, although more
           | investigation of that is probably warranted. I refer to the
           | fact that although we spend more on healthcare than anyone
           | else, our covid performance was the worst in the world,
           | except for Peru, Brazil, and portions of Eastern Europe.
           | There isn't only one reason for this, but "more spending for
           | worse results" is a strong indicator of corruption.
           | 
           | Why has e.g. Nigeria had fourteen covid deaths per million
           | population while we have had 3100? Differences in reporting
           | probably explain some of that. Some would blame the stingy
           | level of primary care that our government provides to the
           | poor. Others, including expensive private physicians who care
           | for the rich, have noticed how common ivermectin use is in
           | Nigeria. It is possible that ivermectin is of no use against
           | covid (which is a virus not a living protostome), but we
           | don't _know_ that.
           | 
           | Not only has research been throttled, but mere discussion of
           | such research has been throttled on most popular corporate
           | media. What was so terrible about ivermectin, that not only
           | could we not discuss it, but the little discussion that did
           | occur inspired extreme and fairly dishonest official
           | reactions like the many weeks of "You're not a horse!" media
           | campaigns we endured? It's simple. Ivermectin is a cheap,
           | widely-available drug with decades of safe human use. If it
           | had been found to treat covid, there would have been less
           | justification for novel mRNA vaccines with exceptionally
           | curtailed safety tests (the details of which were to be kept
           | under wraps for 75 years). That justification would have
           | seemed even thinner after it became clear that the disease-
           | preventing performance these "vaccines" required a
           | redefinition of the word. If we had an open society that
           | welcomed honest discussion of various possible covid
           | treatments, vaccination could have been concentrated on the
           | elderly and obese, and these firms might have seen e.g. $20B
           | profits rather than $35B.
           | 
           | Now forget about ivermectin (...vitamin D, etc.), and
           | consider the similar treatment received by the Great
           | Barrington Declaration and its signatories, who in retrospect
           | were absolutely right in every respect. Did these experts'
           | message ever show up on cable news? Hmm... why _did_ I
           | mention their yearly revenue? Deluded  "unicorn" fans might
           | sniff at $35B (the important number, revenue, is about twice
           | that; more competitive industries see larger such multipliers
           | than _two_ ), but it is large enough to totally swamp the
           | self-interest of other industries, such as cable news,
           | politics, and others who influence opinions and governance.
           | Have you ever watched CNN in USA for twenty minutes (yeah, I
           | know) and _not_ seen multiple advertisements for
           | pharmaceuticals? (A similar analysis obtains for the
           | military-industrial complex.)
        
       | confidantlake wrote:
       | They gave me 60 vicodin when I got my wisdom teeth taken out. I
       | took one and chucked the bottle after. I feel like I dodged a
       | bullet there.
        
       | kosyblysk666 wrote:
        
       | iroh2727 wrote:
       | We don't need silly statistics to show this. It's just common
       | sense.
       | 
       | I mean, if alcohol were banned, that would send pharmaceutical
       | sales through the roof since we'd lose our most common medication
       | for anxiety, depression, burnout, and general this-hustle-
       | culture-is-fucking-people-up disorder (GTD is the technical
       | term).
        
         | encryptluks2 wrote:
         | > I mean, if alcohol were banned, that would send
         | pharmaceutical sales through the roof since we'd lose our most
         | common medication for anxiety, depression, burnout, and general
         | this-hustle-culture-is-fucking-people-up disorder (GTD is the
         | technical term).
         | 
         | I actually get the opposite impression.
        
       | drspock11 wrote:
       | Correlation is not causation. The fact that drug companies stocks
       | declined may have something to do with cannabis legalization or
       | nothing to do with cannabis legalization.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | suoduandao2 wrote:
         | Do you have an alternate theory to explain the correlation?
        
           | dec0dedab0de wrote:
           | Maybe people sold stock to buy weed legally?
           | 
           | I was joking, but now I'm curious how many people selling one
           | share would be enough to influence the price.
        
         | aqme28 wrote:
         | These researchers published their findings and your comment is
         | just "that might not be true."
         | 
         | Please, add some substance.
        
       | drummer wrote:
       | Cannabis oil will put big pharma out of business. It even cures
       | cancer.
        
         | tartoran wrote:
         | You forgor the /sarcasm
        
       | smm11 wrote:
       | States where marijuana is legal have lower incidence of opioid
       | use.
        
         | spookthesunset wrote:
         | Not sure that is entirely true. A hell of a lot of cities on
         | the west coast have absolutely massive opioid addiction
         | problems. Street Fentanyl is doing a number on people.
         | 
         | I really don't understand fentanyl addiction either. Ain't that
         | the shit they give you when you have surgery and stuff? All I
         | know is that stuff knocks me the hell out when I had it for
         | some wisdom tooth operation.
         | 
         | Plus the difference between an appropriate dose and an serious
         | overdose is razor thin (from my understanding).
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | I wonder what the data is on changes in alcohol sales and/or
         | alcohol revenue at bars/restaurants.
        
           | notch656a wrote:
           | I think a lot more people would switch to weed if:
           | 
           | 1) You couldn't get a DUI at T+1-2 days after smoking. Many
           | states including my own, merely need to show marijuana
           | metabolites in your blood to convict for DUI.
           | 
           | 2) Gun rights. You're staring down the barrel of 5+ years in
           | jail of the feds find you in possession of weed with a
           | firearm, even if pot is legal in your state.
           | 
           | Until those two things are fixed, anyone who depends on
           | driving to keep their job or a firearm to protect their
           | family should have some serious reservations about trading
           | the bar for the dispensary.
        
             | scarface74 wrote:
             | It's even worse cops can arrest you if they think you are
             | impaired. There are specially trained "drug whisperers".
             | She was sober, no drugs in her system. But she was still
             | arrested.
             | 
             | Before you look at the article, take a wild guess what
             | color she was...
             | 
             | https://www.11alive.com/article/news/investigations/the-
             | drug...
        
             | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
             | 1 is a serious problem. 2 is self inflicted. As no one
             | depends on a firearm to protect their family, the solution
             | is simple. Just don't own a firearm.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | I'm far away from a gun nut. I don't see the need to
               | carry and I am more worried about getting shot by the
               | police because I both "fit the description" and "don't
               | look like I belong" in my own neighborhood than I am a
               | criminal shooting me. But I very much believe in gun
               | ownership in the home - especially properly secured.
               | 
               | If someone breaks into my home, they prima facie mean me
               | harm. They will get shot without a second thought or
               | ounce of remorse. What am I suppose to do? Wait on the
               | police to show up?
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | Yes, that's exactly what you should do.
               | 
               | Breaking in followed by violence are mostly an imaginary
               | problem anyway. You are far more likely to mistakenly
               | shoot someone who incorrectly thought was breaking in
               | than ever having to defend yourself.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | So I'm suppose to ask someone who broke in my house "do
               | you mean me harm"? There are only two other people who
               | should come in my house unannounced and as soon as they
               | come in the alarm will sound and they know how to turn it
               | off. One of those people sleep next to me.
               | 
               | If you're breaking in, I'm assuming violence.
               | 
               | The odds of burglary is 1/36
               | 
               | https://policyadvice.net/insurance/insights/burglary-
               | statist...
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | What exactly should I do when an armed invader come into
               | my house while I'm there? Are the police going to get
               | there in time? Is the person just going to say "my bad"
               | and peacefully leave? Are we going to sit down and have a
               | beer together?
        
               | loudmax wrote:
               | I wouldn't paint with such a broad brush. I'm in favor
               | regulating access to firearms just as we regulate access
               | to driving, but it depends a lot on your circumstances. A
               | lot of people who buy a gun to protect their family are
               | probably protecting their own egos more than anything
               | else. But there are circumstances where responsible
               | ownership of a firearm for self defense is perfectly
               | reasonable.
               | 
               | Of course, none of this has anything to do with cannabis.
               | It makes no sense say possession of firearms and alcohol
               | is okay, but firearms and cannabis isn't.
        
               | WastingMyTime89 wrote:
               | > But there are circumstances where responsible ownership
               | of a firearm for self defense is perfectly reasonable.
               | 
               | No. That's where we deeply disagree and that's why I
               | never actually feel safe when I have to visit the USA.
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | You're not a US resident but you know that no person in
               | the US has depended on a firearm to protect their family?
        
               | oaththrowaway wrote:
               | What a terribly privileged thing to say
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | This person is not a US resident and is spitballing based
               | on whatever view they got from visiting, which apparently
               | they very much dislike.
        
             | nichch wrote:
             | I wonder how open and shut those DUI cases really are. In
             | Michigan, they've recently discovered their THC test would
             | return positive with the presence of CBD.
             | 
             | https://www.mlive.com/public-interest/2022/08/michigan-
             | polic...
        
             | throwaway0a5e wrote:
             | 1 is only an issue because moral panic gave legislators a
             | blank check to write DUI laws that are so immensely broad
             | they would be opposed in any other context.
             | 
             | 2 is only an issue because drugs were a moral panic and
             | people hated weed enough to not argue much when it got tied
             | to their gun rights
             | 
             | Everyone loses when we cater to lemmings going off half
             | cocked about the moral panic of the minute.
        
             | oaththrowaway wrote:
             | This is the dilemma for everyone I know who is interested
             | in switching to cannabis.
        
               | galangalalgol wrote:
               | I know several who switched from social alcohol usage to
               | hallucinogenic mushrooms instead and reported positive
               | health outcomes. The legality issue is probably worse not
               | better. But my understanding is that the testing
               | situation is less of a concern.
        
               | sianemo wrote:
               | You're correct about the testing not being a concern.
               | Testing for psilocybin is very expensive and unreliable.
               | Really only one major drug testing lab in the country
               | will even try to test for psilocybin, and that's because
               | you can, for the right price, try to get them to test for
               | just about anything in a mass spec sample. I won't go so
               | far as to say that nobody can ever successfully test you
               | for psilocybin, but it's about as close to never as you
               | can get.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | And if you have any record of use, even a medical marijuana
             | card, you are prohibited from purchasing a firearm.
        
               | rascul wrote:
               | That varies by state
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Incorrect, the prohibition is federal.
               | 
               | https://www.atf.gov/firearms/docs/open-letter/all-ffls-
               | sept2...
        
               | rascul wrote:
               | Yes, it's prohibited at the federal level, but the state
               | laws on that vary, and the states are generally the ones
               | doing the enforcement. An example, in Mississippi (http:/
               | /billstatus.ls.state.ms.us/documents/2022/pdf/SB/2001-...
               | ):
               | 
               | > A registered qualifying patient or registered
               | designated caregiver shall not be denied the right to
               | own, purchase or possess a firearm, firearm accessory or
               | ammunition based solely on his or her status as a
               | registered qualifying patient or registered designated
               | caregiver. No state or local agency, municipal or county
               | governing authority shall restrict, revoke, suspend or
               | otherwise infringe upon the right of a person to own,
               | purchase or possess a firearm, firearm accessory or
               | ammunition or any related firearms license or
               | certification based solely on his or her status as a
               | registered qualifying patient or registered designated
               | caregiver.
               | 
               | Edit: By enforcement, I mean that it's not going to be
               | the FBI or the ATF that knocks on your door if it's
               | discovered you have purchased a firearm with a medical
               | marijuana card but the state, county, or municipal
               | police. The feds might go after the store, though.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | No, the ATF will absolutely go after the individual if
               | you lied on the federal form.
        
               | rascul wrote:
               | The ATF isn't investigating every form to determine if
               | you lied. Nor are the forms always used for firearm
               | purchases.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | They don't investigate every form. But there's still a
               | chance. Especially since they're copying books wholesale
               | these days.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | You just lie when filling that form out. Nobody will do
               | anything because if it got turned into a case that made
               | it to the Supreme Court, it would most likely be the end
               | of a large bit of that background check. A lot of that
               | stuff has very questionable constitutionality.
               | 
               | And before the downvotes or flames... let's be completely
               | honest here. Anybody in a recreational state who owns a
               | gun and filled out that forum lied. I mean technically
               | you aren't supposed to smoke pot in federal land like a
               | national park or forest yet it happens all the time and
               | nobody cares. Not all laws get enforced.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Yes because your case has any likelihood of making it to
               | the Supreme Court where you have an overzealous
               | prosecutor and an overworked public defender.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | The odds of lying about marijuana use on that form coming
               | back to haunt me is effectively 0%. I'm not loosing any
               | sleep over it!
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | Let's say you got pulled over for "fitting the
               | description" or because you "looked suspicious" and let's
               | say that it's one of the cops "specially trained to
               | detect being under the influence" [1]. Let's also say
               | that you are legally allowed to carry.
               | 
               | Do you really think there is a non zero chance that cops
               | won't use any excuse to make an arrest seem legit?
               | 
               | https://www.11alive.com/article/news/investigations/the-
               | drug...
               | 
               | I choose not to trust that the justice system will ever
               | veer in my favor.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | The justice system isn't about justice, it's about
               | control, power, and winning.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Unless you have a _documented_ use, like a card. Then the
               | risk goes way up because it 's easy for them to search.
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | I think you give the government too much credit still. In
               | Florida for instance, ex-convicts registered to vote at
               | the county office and were told they could based on a new
               | law. The county clerks gave them bad information and they
               | were still arrested.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you're talking about...
        
               | scarface74 wrote:
               | It doesn't matter how much "documentation" you have, if
               | the criminal justice system wants to target you it will.
        
               | quercusa wrote:
               | ATF 4473 21.e:
               | 
               |  _Are you an unlawful user of, or addicted to, marijuana
               | or any depressant, stimulant, narcotic drug, or any other
               | controlled substance?_
               | 
               |  _Warning: The use or possession of marijuana remains
               | unlawful under Federal law regardless of whether it has
               | been legalized or decriminalized for medicinal or
               | recreational purposes in the state where you reside._
        
               | rpvnwnkl wrote:
               | Are you sure this is true? I was under the impression you
               | can buy firearms legally without background checks at all
               | in much of the USA
        
               | floren wrote:
               | If you buy person-to-person, yes, in most states.
               | However, just because a felon (or a marijuana user, both
               | are prohibited from owning guns) _can_ buy a gun like
               | that, doesn 't mean they won't get in trouble for it if
               | they ever get caught.
               | 
               | Edit: form 4473 question 11e asks if you are an unlawful
               | user of drugs such as marijuana and reminds you that it
               | is still federally illegal. You will fill out this form
               | if you purchase a gun from a licensed dealer. Lying on
               | this form is itself a felony.
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | "I was under the impression you can buy firearms legally
               | without background checks at all in much of the USA"
               | 
               | I'm not sure if this is legitimate or if you're trolling.
               | The regulations on background checks can vary depending
               | on the state. Even in states where private sales are
               | legal, you would still be prohibited.
               | 
               | Granted enforcing that prohibition comes down to people
               | following the laws, and there's nothing physically
               | forcing them to do so (whether requiring a background
               | check or not), merely punishment after the fact.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Interesting, thanks for the additional information. I
             | assume it will take 60 votes in the US Senate to get moving
             | on #2, so alcohol businesses have no reason to worry.
        
               | notch656a wrote:
               | IANAL, but I think DEA can remove cannabis from
               | scheduling without congress.
        
             | giobox wrote:
             | While those are of course valid concerns, I don't think it
             | even enters into the decision making process for most when
             | considering booze vs weed in a state with legal
             | dispensaries. The likelihood of either of these happening
             | in states like CA or WA is just so incredibly low that I
             | don't think either of them is stopping all that many who
             | might consider it today. I think there are far stronger
             | cultural forces at play in terms of why people drink or
             | smoke weed rather than concerns about the above.
             | 
             | You also still can't buy and consume weed in a bar/cafe
             | style setting as you can booze either anywhere in the US
             | AFAIK, which will also play a large part in this. Drinking
             | alcohol can be a social activity in a bar, and of course
             | booze can be bought in supermarkets etc etc.
        
         | beebmam wrote:
         | Correlation is not causation. There are many, many reasons why
         | opioids are used.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | On top of that, this is speculative correlation - they're
           | studying that that stock dropped 1-2% after a legalization
           | event because traders are speculating that there will be
           | lower returns.
        
           | spaetzleesser wrote:
           | You never find clear causation for social issues. Legalizing
           | marijuana seems a no brainer to me. Less people in prison and
           | hopefully less opioid use.
        
         | filoleg wrote:
         | Is it actually the case for major coastal cities/states?
         | 
         | I accept that this might be true, but living in Seattle it
         | surely doesn't feel like it (as long as you count fentanyl as
         | an opioid, because it is one).
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | notch656a wrote:
       | Cannabis products are a pharmaceutical. You're putting drugs in
       | your body, just a different one.
        
         | cantSpellSober wrote:
         | Exactly, a _different_ one. This article is more about stock
         | prices, linked to a study that concludes cannabis is as a new
         | competitor in drug markets.
         | 
         | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal...
        
         | staticassertion wrote:
         | `Of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists.`
         | 
         | You probably aren't getting marijuana from a pharmacy and no
         | pharmaceutical company has a patent on marijuana, which I think
         | both technically and colloquially puts it well outside of the
         | realm of pharmaceuticals.
        
         | spaetzleesser wrote:
         | By that definition everything you eat is a pharmaceutical.
         | Everything you eat has some effect on you.
        
           | Z_Z wrote:
           | it's true though, everything you can consume has an effect on
           | you not unlike pharmaceuticals. we just classify them
           | differently. and as a corollary, anyone that can make money
           | off of that effect, will
        
           | huetius wrote:
           | This is obscurantism. If there's no difference between
           | marijuana and food, what's with all the excitement and
           | advocacy?
           | 
           | OP's point seems to be pretty reasonable to me. If marijuana
           | is outcompeting established anodynes it implies they are in
           | the same category.
        
       | joemazerino wrote:
       | Its easier to get opioids than it is to buy weed in some States.
       | I wonder why?
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | Weed is a plant that can rot. This makes its transport more
         | finicky, and more bulky.
         | 
         | Pills are much easier to transport, particularly fentanyl with
         | its small dosing amount. And one of the most dangerous things
         | is meth, since recently it's now being developed from shelf-
         | stable chemicals.
         | https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2021/11/the-new...
        
           | barbazoo wrote:
           | THC/CBD containing edibles, oils and capsules come to mind.
        
           | tingol wrote:
           | That's silly. Weed is exactly that, a WEED, it grows freaking
           | everywhere why the need for transport?
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Salad grows pretty much everywhere, but we still transport
             | most of it from Mexico or California, with a pretty hefty
             | set of infrastructure components from farms to hordes of
             | pickers to refridgerated trains to grocery stores.
             | 
             | (It's also not a weed, really, just like it's not a pot.)
        
             | bobthepanda wrote:
             | There are definitely economies of scale when it comes to
             | farming and weed is no exception. That, and taking
             | advantage of cheaper labor costs elsewhere (like Mexico)
             | 
             | That, and it may be easier to grow in a laxer jurisdiction
             | and transport it to a stricter one, than just trying to
             | grow it in a strict one.
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | Because they're legal?
        
           | oblak wrote:
           | Wasn't that joemazerino's point?
        
         | base698 wrote:
         | Because pharma is 70% of the ad spend on Television news and
         | one of the top lobbying industries?
        
           | spookthesunset wrote:
           | Sure but it isn't the generics doing any ad spend. Unless
           | there is some hip new opioid I'm not aware of (street
           | fentanyl?) all the opioids are generic at this point. "Bob &
           | Dave's Pill Company" sure as heck isn't pimping their generic
           | hydrocodone on TV nor are they taking doctors out to golf.
        
             | ceejayoz wrote:
             | Don't worry, they know how to fight that scenario. Drug
             | companies have gotten _really_ good at fighting
             | /delaying/squashing generics.
             | 
             | https://www.npr.org/sections/health-
             | shots/2013/04/17/1776023...
             | 
             | > In 2010, Purdue Pharma LP replaced the original OxyContin
             | with an abuse-resistant form, in an effort to reduce deaths
             | and overdoses caused by the powerful pain medication, which
             | was licensed in 1995.
             | 
             | > The new version of OxyContin includes an ingredient, a
             | polymer, that makes it harder to crush and snort or inject
             | to get a quick, heroin-like high. When the new version was
             | introduced, Purdue pulled the original OxyContin off the
             | market. The patent on the new version runs until 2025.
             | 
             | > On Tuesday, the FDA said that it won't approve generic
             | versions of the original formulation of OxyContin, a long-
             | acting narcotic pain medication, which went off patent that
             | day.
        
       | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
       | Then why do the few weed stonks that I have only go down?
        
         | JackMorgan wrote:
         | A serious answer: many people overvalued weed stocks when they
         | were new, and reality did not match up. The stocks were priced
         | far higher than they should have been had they been priced only
         | on raw business fundamentals.
         | 
         | Lots of people bought weed stocks because they love weed, which
         | doesn't mean that particular company will be able to turn a
         | profit high enough to match the stock price they paid.
        
         | ehnto wrote:
         | Probably because it's still a really volatile environment for
         | the companies operating in it, both through regulation and in
         | practice, getting cooperation from banks and payment providers
         | still sucks.
         | 
         | It also has it's own little venture capital boom and bust cycle
         | going on. It should really be a straight forward business
         | proposition, but there's a lot of people trying to innovate on
         | the idea with the help of VC cash.
        
       | purim wrote:
       | I don't think the impact is as great as they say. Pharma firms
       | collude to create very strong lobby and special interest groups
       | that keeps people elected. Cannabis legalization created a lot
       | more fragmented cannabilizing groups.
       | 
       | Just take a look at Canadian legal market. The grey market always
       | outperforms it and many have begun shunning the expensive legal
       | weed.
       | 
       | Lot's of weird actors in this space, especially these
       | psychedellic therapy groups who are self-licensed and have
       | history of misconduct.
       | 
       | I find these one off studies to be highly sensational and
       | idealizing a very tough market to break into. The impact of
       | marijuana is still not known 100%.
       | 
       | There is reason why some countries like Singapore have been extra
       | careful to adopt these western libertarian ideas. While probably
       | an overreaction, the impact of marijuana needs to be observed
       | over a very long period of time and this is where pharmaceuticals
       | shine.
        
         | nimih wrote:
         | > I don't think the impact is as great as they say.
         | 
         | Can you expand on this? I'm not particularly familiar with the
         | style of financial analysis they're doing in the study, but the
         | authors claim the methods and variables they are using are
         | standard and well-understood, and their numerical results seem
         | to support the study's conclusion pretty well, at least to this
         | layperson's eyes. I'd be interested to know what I'm missing in
         | terms of the study's weaknesses, either in terms of statistical
         | methods, or other limitations not discussed by the authors.
        
         | qazwse_ wrote:
         | _Just take a look at Canadian legal market. The grey market
         | always outperforms it and many have begun shunning the
         | expensive legal weed._
         | 
         | This is not true, the opposite is happening. Illegal market
         | share continues to decline, with 63% of people reporting buying
         | from legal outfits in 2021, versus 43% in 2019.
         | 
         | https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2022-06/CCSA-Cannabi...
        
           | purim wrote:
        
           | LordDragonfang wrote:
           | And this is precisely what you'd expect, right? Initially,
           | almost every regular smoker already has a cheaper grey/black
           | market hookup, because that was the only way to get it, and
           | gradually that withers away.
        
       | RappingBoomer wrote:
       | that gets me right here (slaps chest with fist)
        
       | bern4444 wrote:
       | What I always fail to understand about these situations is why an
       | incumbent firm wouldn't latch on to this to beat out their
       | competitors.
       | 
       | You can see this in energy companies' hesitation to accept and
       | invest in renewable energy. Until the last few years they all
       | stayed far far away from it.
       | 
       | Perhaps this is all the result of their existing vested interests
       | - but I'm constantly surprised just how little these massive
       | incumbents resist new ideas that really can instead give them a
       | competitive advantage against their peers.
        
       | juanani wrote:
        
       | andsoitis wrote:
       | Just wait to see the impact of psychedelics on pharma...
        
       | meroes wrote:
       | Yay. Recreational marijauna user here and opioids scare the crap
       | out of me. Had to take 10 oxycodone after a surgery and if they
       | can hand those out they can hand out marijauna capsules or
       | whatever. It's really that simple.
        
         | Zagill wrote:
         | It's still crazy to me that I was just given hydros when I got
         | my wisdom teeth out at 18. I didn't even need them, I was
         | barely sore.
        
           | mod wrote:
           | I was about 21, they prescribed 24 pills I think?
           | 
           | I used one, and really just a preemptive use before I went to
           | work (I only took a half day off).
           | 
           | The weird thing is, though, I felt very normal at work. I had
           | never tried a drug, so I wasn't sure what to look for, but I
           | just felt normal. No pain, no other effects.
           | 
           | I have some from a dentist thing last year, too, and I would
           | say similar now, but with a mild high.
           | 
           | I was never tempted to take extra. I threw them away before I
           | moved countries.
        
             | Zagill wrote:
             | Yeah that was basically my experience. I took a few of them
             | but nothing noticeable happened so I just didn't bother
             | taking more. Funny enough that was also true when I tried a
             | couple ADHD meds. Didn't feel a difference, not even
             | withdrawal symptoms from going cold turkey after a few
             | months.
             | 
             | Maybe I'm just weird...
        
               | mod wrote:
               | Same--tried adderall twice, couldn't tell the difference.
               | 
               | I'm not high-caffeine intake or anything either. Nothing
               | that should mask it.
        
             | munificent wrote:
             | _> I just felt normal. No pain, no other effects._
             | 
             | Reminds me of this excellent comment from Reddit about what
             | heroin is like:
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | Actually this is an obvious question but it's not what you
             | might think. Let me explain it to you, I've been an opiate
             | addict for a long time and tried many drugs. Drugs that are
             | 'uppers' have the most 'obvious' euphoria. For example if
             | you take adderall/coke/meth/speed/MDMA you will get this
             | shining bright euphoria, self confidence, energy, and other
             | drug-specific feelings (for meth like you are king or for
             | MDMA like you love everyone). However, you owe these drugs
             | back what they delivered to you. After a meth binge, or
             | lots of MDMA use, or staying up all night on coke you will
             | feel like shit. To an extent this aspect is similar to an
             | alcoholic hangover.
             | 
             | On the other hand, for many people who experiment with
             | heroin they are underwhelmed (not including IV usage, but
             | most experimenters rarely ever IV first time). They just
             | feel good, chill, happy, but they feel like this spooky
             | drug 'heroin' hasn't delivered. They are just mellow. Oh
             | obviously it has all been a lie they will think. Heroin
             | isn't spooky, it's chill. It's not addictive like everyone
             | else thinks. It doesn't make you do stupid shit or stay up
             | all day and hallucinate like amphetamines or coke. It
             | doesn't empty your serotonin like MDMA or give you a
             | hangover like alcohol. People tend to just think oh, what a
             | nice drug.
             | 
             | So the next day they wake up and everything is normal. No
             | headache or shitty feeling--just a slight afterglow of that
             | nice feeling. Oh it was cheap as well! It only cost $10 for
             | a whole night of being high! I thought people said heroin
             | was expensive? And then next weekend comes... There are all
             | these drugs I could do but I liked heroin. It didn't 'fuck
             | me up,' I could still think clearly. No hangover. No
             | feeling like shit later. I still was awake. It just made me
             | happy and content with life. Oh and it's only $10! Well, I
             | should get some more for the whole weekend. This is great!
             | I will use Heroin on the weekends now!
             | 
             | Now let's say this person works and has responsibilities.
             | He knows he can't go into work drunk, or on MDMA, or high.
             | So he doesn't. It's actually simple. But heroin... Well the
             | user might actually find they do better work on heroin.
             | Instead of being sad or grumpy or depressed with his job...
             | he is just... happy. Mellow. Content. Everything is fine
             | and the world is beautiful. It's raining, it's dark, I woke
             | up at 5:30AM, I'm commuting in traffic. I would have had a
             | headache, I would have been miserable, I would have
             | wondered how my life took me to this point. This point I'm
             | at right now. But no, no, everything is fine. Life is
             | beautiful. The rain drops are just falling and in each one
             | I see the reflection of every persons life around me.
             | Humanity is beautiful. In this still frame shot of traffic
             | on this crowded bus I just found love and peace. Heroin is
             | a wonder drug. Heroin is better than everything else.
             | Heroin makes me who I wish I was. Heroin makes life worth
             | living. Heroin is better than everything else. Heroin
             | builds up a tolerance fast. Heroin starts to cost more
             | money. I need heroin to feel normal. I don't love anymore.
             | Now I'm sick. I can't afford the heroin that I need. How
             | did $10 used to get me high? Now I need $100. That guy that
             | let me try a few lines the first time doesn't actually
             | deal. Oh I need to find a real dealer? This guy is a felon
             | and carries a gun--he can sell me the drug that lets me
             | find love in the world. No this isn't working, I need to
             | quit.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/wnj2d/iama_heroin_ad
             | d...
        
               | noptd wrote:
               | Honestly that reads like a creative writing exercise
               | given the amount of inaccuracies in that rose-colored
               | description.
               | 
               | I'd recommend anyone reading take that with a large grain
               | of salt.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Found it incredibly accurate myself.
        
               | MontyCarloHall wrote:
               | So if you are miserable, opiates will make you feel
               | content. Not euphoric, but merely content, normal. But if
               | you already feel content, opiates will not make you feel
               | much different.
               | 
               | That's sad if true. Opiate users are not chasing a high,
               | they're merely chasing a normal.
        
               | nvrspyx wrote:
               | That's what research is starting to suggest for at least
               | some opiate addicts.
               | 
               | Opiates have a very strong anti-depressant effect, that
               | also tends to make the depression worse after coming
               | down. Well, really it's the activation of "opioid"
               | receptors (becoming a bit of misnomer) that have a very
               | strong anti-depressant effect, which is the same
               | mechanism that the anti-depressant effects of ketamine
               | derive from despite not being an opioid (anti-depressant
               | effect is almost entirely negated if taken with naloxone,
               | aka NARCAN, to inhibit the opioid receptors).
               | 
               | This worsening of depression symptoms after coming down
               | from opiates causes a vicious, psychological feedback
               | loop in addition to the physical dependency. This also
               | may be why ketamine has higher risk of addiction than
               | other psychedelics like psilocybin.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | Dissociatives seem to be in their own class when it comes
               | to addiction, and I wouldn't compare them with your
               | classic psychedelics that work at 5HT2A on that metric. A
               | lot of people get addicted to dissociatives like DXM
               | where you don't that kind of dependence and abuse with
               | most 5HT2A agonists.
               | 
               | Many dissociatives also inhibit dopamine and
               | norepinephrine transport, or induce their release, which
               | can have rewarding and addictive results on their own.
        
               | nvrspyx wrote:
               | I agree, it wasn't a great comparison. I didn't want to
               | get too into the weeds on specifics since I figured the
               | average person would lump them all under "psychedelics"
               | or "hallucinogens". I just wanted to point out that the
               | activation of opioid systems may be a contributor in its
               | more addictive nature, but it's certainly not the only
               | factor in its addictive potential. Especially so since
               | those dissociatives that activate dopamine or opioid
               | systems tends to be more addictive than their more
               | selective counterparts.
        
           | freedomben wrote:
           | I'm really glad for you, but I don't know how I would have
           | survived my wisdom teeth removal without them. Even with the
           | pills the pain was still excruciating. I lost a lot of weight
           | from inability to eat or even drink.
           | 
           | In my opinion, giving somebody pills who doesn't need them
           | (what used to be the norm) isn't great but the vast majority
           | of people don't suddenly become junkies. Most people are
           | perfectly fine. You yourself is evidence of this.
           | 
           | But not giving somebody pills who does need them (which is
           | now the norm) is literal torture, and the practice disgusts
           | me. I'm really glad you were fine, but not everybody is so
           | lucky, and the number of people who say as you do but also
           | have the power to enforce their views on everyone else have
           | literally been responsible for torturing others. The only
           | thing worse than sitting in pain and misery is knowing that
           | the means to relieve some of that pain is readily available,
           | but some person decided you shouldn't have them so you get to
           | suffer.
        
             | munk-a wrote:
             | The problem with talking about "giving somebody pills" is
             | that it's extremely imprecise. A coworker of mine was once
             | given a two week script for oxy after they injured their
             | arm, they had two days of serious pain and then just mild
             | soreness - this was an insane over prescription and my
             | friend knew it.
             | 
             | They used cannabis to manage their pain for two days and
             | never filled the script. I think a script for two or even
             | three days would have been perfectly reasonable with a
             | "Call me back if the pain is too much after that period".
        
               | dwringer wrote:
               | I think one problem is people have vastly different
               | thresholds of pain. Somebody else having the same injury
               | might be calling their doctor back begging for a refill
               | because they can barely function. Of course determining
               | how much of that is a medical need versus how much is
               | "the pills talking" is never going to be easy.
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | That's one of the beautiful things about Cannabis
               | legalization - it provides a non-addictive pain
               | management solution where the pills will talk much less.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | I fully agree with you on Cannabis, but I don't think
               | that's an argument for restricting opioid pills. I think
               | we can and should make Cannabis widely available, and
               | should absolutely encourage people to give it a try
               | first, but if it doesn't work for them I think they
               | should have the option of trying the pills.
        
               | nobody9999 wrote:
               | >fully agree with you on Cannabis, but I don't think
               | that's an argument for restricting opioid pills. I think
               | we can and should make Cannabis widely available, and
               | should absolutely encourage people to give it a try
               | first, but if it doesn't work for them I think they
               | should have the option of trying the pills.
               | 
               | I'd go further and say that all "drugs" should be easily
               | available and the tiny percentage of folks who develop
               | dependency issues should be provided treatment and
               | support.
               | 
               | Not only would this reduce suffering and provide a wider
               | range of pain management strategies, it would also
               | significantly reduce the societal costs of substance
               | prohibitions in terms of reduced economic impact in the
               | following (not a complete list) ways:
               | 
               | 1. Interdiction/enforcement is hugely expensive, and
               | providing treatment to those who require it would cost a
               | fraction of that;
               | 
               | 2. Criminalization of substance use stigmatizes those who
               | are caught in that particular net and, at least in the
               | US, limits their ability (because many folks won't hire
               | you if you have a criminal conviction) to increase
               | economic activity/output;
               | 
               | 3. Because of (2), many communities as well as the
               | economy as a whole are negatively impacted both
               | economically and socially;
               | 
               | For some reason, when it comes to "substance" use issues,
               | we tend to examine the possible alternatives to address
               | them, then choose the least effective, most harmful one.
               | 
               | I hope that changes, but I doubt I'll live to see it.
               | 
               | Edit: Clarified that the impacts I mention are not _all_
               | of the impacts that drug prohibition has on society.
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | I don't understand what the problem is with the
               | imprecision in your story. Did your coworker abuse the
               | extra pills? Did he become an addict? If not, then why is
               | it so bad for him to have gotten more in case he needed
               | them? Don't you think needing them and _not_ having them
               | is worse than the situation your friend was in where he
               | needed to throw them away?
        
               | munk-a wrote:
               | He was a trained pharmacologist who knew that being on a
               | constant dosage for that long can be habit forming so he
               | didn't take them - a decent portion of people are handed
               | a bottle of pain meds "Here's a two week supply" and
               | assume they're supposed to take them at the prescribed
               | rate continuously. It takes an active personal decision
               | to decide not to take the meds prescribed for you and
               | that you've already paid for.
        
             | Zagill wrote:
             | I certainly wasn't advocating that no one should get
             | opioids because I have a high pain tolerance, rather that
             | we maybe shouldn't be prescribing them by default for
             | everything.
             | 
             | In the same vein, I think a lot of research ought to be
             | done into non-addictive painkillers. Then the risk would
             | basically be zero and everybody's happy (except for pharma
             | companies that make bank off of opioid addicts, of course)
        
               | freedomben wrote:
               | > _I certainly wasn 't advocating that no one should get
               | opioids because I have a high pain tolerance, rather that
               | we maybe shouldn't be prescribing them by default for
               | everything._
               | 
               | Many, many people assume that if the doctor doesn't offer
               | pain medicine, then it's because they don't need it. Once
               | you've left the office and the pain gets bad and you
               | realize you should have asked for them, it's too late.
               | But also, a ton of doctors won't prescribe them anymore
               | ever because of the extreme risk of losing their career
               | to the DEA if they make a bad call in favor of
               | prescribing. There's virtually zero risk for under
               | prescribing, so human nature for self-preservation makes
               | this decision a no-brainer for the doctor.
               | 
               | > _In the same vein, I think a lot of research ought to
               | be done into non-addictive painkillers. Then the risk
               | would basically be zero and everybody 's happy (except
               | for pharma companies that make bank off of opioid
               | addicts, of course)_
               | 
               | I agree completely
        
           | dieselgate wrote:
           | For real, I was surprised to get Vicodin at 14 when I had
           | mono. Only took it once and assume my parents just chucked it
        
           | ethbr0 wrote:
           | That's changed a lot. I had hydrocodone prescribed after mine
           | (~15 years ago?).
           | 
           | On the other hand, my son just had his out and got 800mg
           | ibuprofen and 625mg tylenol alternating. Seemed to do okay as
           | long as he kept on the schedule.
        
             | Zagill wrote:
             | This happened about 4 years ago, people were definitely
             | aware of the opioid problem at that time
        
         | delecti wrote:
         | It never feels good using them either, I always stick to half
         | doses and even that leaves me feeling uncomfortably out of it.
        
         | BoxOfRain wrote:
         | I'm a medical cannabis patient in the UK (medical cannabis was
         | quietly legalised in 2018, there's only 10-20k private patients
         | and virtually none on the NHS so even a fair few police
         | officers don't know it's a thing yet!) and opiates scare me
         | too. Anecdotal I know but I was given a box of codeine after
         | having my appendix out recently and didn't even need a quarter
         | of them so I could definitely see cannabis displacing the less
         | powerful opiates to some extent in the future.
         | 
         | I guess it depends on the type of pain but I find cannabis more
         | effective than codeine for the neurological pain I'm prescribed
         | it for anyway.
        
         | wanderr wrote:
         | They gave me opiods after an invasive surgery that had me on
         | crutches for a month. That stuff was strong enough that I could
         | not safely crutch to the bathroom, I was too dizzy. Switched to
         | low dose edibles and had no problem falling asleep, they didn't
         | make it impossible to get to the bathroom safely, and I didn't
         | have to worry about addiction.
        
           | davidw wrote:
           | I got sent home with opioids after a collapsed lung surgery
           | many years ago. I was in a lot of pain, so I took one, felt
           | _great_ for a half an hour and then things started to spin
           | and I felt nauseous for like 4 hours where I just stared at
           | the ceiling. Even a sneeze hurt like hell where I 'd been
           | stitched up - I really did not want to barf.
           | 
           | After that, I took over the counter painkillers and just kind
           | of dealt with the pain, as it was better than feeling all
           | wobbly and dizzy.
        
             | throwayyy479087 wrote:
             | I have kidney stones from time to time. NSAIDs + "deal with
             | it" are an underappreciated pain approach - it's ok to be
             | in pain. It's not OK to be in so much pain you're going to
             | blind and writhing, but those are totally different things.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | Unfortunately, there are a ton of incentives from
               | insurance companies and Medicare for patients to be pain-
               | free. Part of your hospital and surgeon's reimbursement
               | is determined by their patient satisfaction score, and
               | uncomfortable patients provide low scores so docs
               | overprescribe and steer clear of uncomfortable topics
               | like behavioral changes, etc;
               | 
               | https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-
               | Systems/Res...
        
               | eurasiantiger wrote:
               | Really, the problem is prescriptions that say "take 2
               | pills every four hours" instead of "take max 2 pills
               | every four hours as needed for pain"
        
               | egl2021 wrote:
               | It can get worse than a bad satisfaction score. Look up
               | "Saint Francis Health System shooting".
        
               | jnovek wrote:
               | I had to take oxycodone + NSAIDs every 6 hours when I had
               | my stone, but I had complications that required a stent
               | and I did not react well to it. In fact, on both
               | medications I was _still_ in so much pain that it was
               | barely manageable.
               | 
               | I can imagine a stone being less painful, I don't think
               | my experience represents the mean. It definitely makes me
               | a bit shy of being anti-opioid, though. As miserable as
               | they are, it would've been absolute torture without.
        
         | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
         | The last time I was prescribed an opioid I never had it filled.
        
         | yamtaddle wrote:
         | I've had pain killers prescribed maybe a half-dozen times and
         | the only one for which pot wouldn't have been _at least_ as
         | good was the time I had fairly serious abdominal surgery--and
         | even in that case, I 'm not 100% sure weed wouldn't have done
         | the job. Plus, they usually prescribe me way more than I want
         | or need--I may take one or two pills, and they prescribe me six
         | or eight or ten--which inflates sales for these companies while
         | doing no actual good.
         | 
         | For most of those cases (plus some times when I don't/can't get
         | a prescription but still feel really bad--which makes weed a
         | super-hero because I don't have to do the "will I still feel
         | bad enough in 24 hours that it's worth losing 3 miserable hours
         | to driving and waiting rooms and lines, trying to get a
         | prescription?" gamble, I just already have some on hand or can
         | go out and get it in like 30 minutes, guaranteed) I really just
         | need something that can let me sleep at night. Weed does that
         | just fine unless the pain or discomfort is _really_ extreme.
        
           | meroes wrote:
           | I didn't mean to make the point weed should be substituted
           | for opioids. But all of weed's symptoms are a proper subset
           | of all of opioid's. Less powerful but less addicting and
           | harmful to simplify.
           | 
           | And that alone means we should be able to prescribe weed
           | where appropriate.
        
           | tastyfreeze wrote:
           | After minor abdominal surgery I found that the prescribed
           | opiates made the pain go away to where I felt like I could do
           | everything I normally did. So, instead of resting like I
           | should have I would try to do things and be in serious pain
           | when the opiates wore off. Cannabis, on the other hand, I
           | could still feel the pain but I could put it in the back of
           | my mind. This allowed me to be aware that I needed to rest
           | and heal and not be completely focused on the pain. I stopped
           | taking the opiates after the first day.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | Are opioids really making that much money?
         | 
         | Most of what is prescribed are generics and they're not
         | expensive.
        
           | bsedlm wrote:
           | that's just how cheap they're to make (once you have the
           | factory setup; which isn't cheap)
        
           | encoderer wrote:
           | Don't worry they are literally prescribing billions of them.
           | It adds up to enough money for everybody (at the top).
        
             | colechristensen wrote:
             | But 30 generic percoset, for example, looks to cost about
             | $14 locally where one struggles to pay less than that at
             | lunch outside McDonalds. Doesn't really seem like a cash
             | cow.
        
               | staticassertion wrote:
               | Is that before or after insurance? Some quick googling
               | and all I can find is anywhere from 100s of millions to
               | 10s of billions.
        
               | encoderer wrote:
               | At scale it probably costs pennies to make a Percocet. If
               | the drug maker gets $7 for a prescription that costs them
               | $0.50 to manufacture, and they do that 150 million times
               | in America in a year, that's a billion dollars in gross
               | margin.
        
               | projektfu wrote:
               | They're available from the distributor at around 10C/
               | each. So $3 goes to the manufacturer and distributor and
               | $4 goes to the pharmacy.
               | 
               | Incidentally, the huge difference between street price
               | and wholesale price is the reason why diversion is a
               | problem. If the drugs were sold at $10/pill but with
               | instant rebates to the recipients of $9.90 then they'd
               | probably be kept very strictly controlled, even without
               | the DEA involved...
        
               | swatcoder wrote:
               | Pretty sure Netflix and Spotify do alright with less than
               | that.
               | 
               | And it's not even accounting for those premium tier
               | subscriptions that come with trendy new formulations not
               | yet acknowledged as dangerous.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | You are saying that selling something for $14 per month
               | with no information about cost of goods sold or sales
               | volume is sufficient to conclude one is doing "alright"?
               | 
               | FYI, Spotify has only ever lost money:
               | 
               | https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/SPOT/spotify-
               | techn...
        
               | swatcoder wrote:
               | That was precisely the point I was making to the
               | commenter I replied to (unit price doesn't determine
               | business scale on its own), but interesting info on
               | Spotify regardless.
        
               | sleepymoose wrote:
               | This also fails to account for those that demand a
               | specific brand of pill, and will gladly pay more for it.
               | You'd be suprised how large the difference is to an
               | addict when comparing a yellow pill to a white one.
        
           | ceejayoz wrote:
           | https://www.npr.org/2022/03/03/1084163626/purdue-sacklers-
           | ox...
           | 
           | > Court filings show the [Sackler] family took in $10 billion
           | in profits from OxyContin...
           | 
           | https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/27/health/opioids-
           | pharmacy-c...
           | 
           | > From 2006 through 2014, the Rite Aid in Painesville, Ohio,
           | a town with a population of 19,524, sold over 4.2 million
           | doses of oxycodone and hydrocodone. The national retailer
           | offered bonuses to stores with the highest productivity.
           | 
           | https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/judge-says-
           | pharmacies-o...
           | 
           | > Roughly 80 million prescription painkillers were dispensed
           | in Trumbull County alone between 2012 and 2016 -- equivalent
           | to 400 for every resident. In Lake County, some 61 million
           | pills were distributed during that period.
           | 
           | It's clearly quite profitable.
        
         | jnovek wrote:
         | They're not completely useless, but I agree that we
         | overprescribe them.
         | 
         | I had a kidney stone with complications that required three
         | procedures to take care of. The only thing that would touch
         | that pain was opioids.
         | 
         | It was a miserable experience and, thanks to the opioids, I
         | essentially have a four-month hole in my memory. They made me
         | nauseous, dizzy and cognitively useless. I had to titrate off
         | of them because I had developed some degree of dependence.
         | 
         | Still, in that situation I would take them again, the pain was
         | unreal.
        
           | nobody9999 wrote:
           | >The only thing that would touch that pain was opioids.
           | 
           | I had a similar experience, albeit (and thankfully so) much
           | more short term. I had spine surgery (lumbar laminotomy[0])
           | to address spinal stenosis[1] that significantly weakened my
           | right leg and was prescribed oxycodone after the surgery.
           | 
           | I had prepared for this by acquiring significant amounts of
           | cannabis (concentrate, butter and flower) to address the
           | pain, but for four or five days, cannabis was insufficient to
           | address the pain.
           | 
           | After the first two days I reduced the dosage and frequency
           | of taking the oxycodone as I was concerned about dependency.
           | 
           | I will say that the first two days (full doses at four hour
           | intervals) made me understand why some folks end up dependent
           | on opioids.
           | 
           | My takeaway was that short-term use for acute (vs. chronic)
           | pain, opioids are _very_ effective.
           | 
           | For lesser pain levels, cannabis is also useful, with the
           | caveat that cannabis doesn't actually get rid of the pain,
           | you just don't care.
           | 
           | Your experience (and mine as well as that of many others)
           | make it quite clear that (at least in the US -- elsewhere
           | too, but legal regimes are different elsewhere and I'm not
           | necessarily familiar with those) cannabis should be removed
           | from schedule I (and potentially moved to schedule IV or
           | removed completely) of the Controlled Substances Act[2],
           | which would allow more widespread research into pain
           | management and other medical uses.
           | 
           | I hope you don't find yourself in that situation again.
           | 
           | [0] https://adrspine.com/treatments/lumbar-laminotomy
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis
           | 
           | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled_Substances_Act
        
             | yodsanklai wrote:
             | > cannabis was insufficient to address the pain.
             | 
             | Not only cannabis isn't a good painkiller, but it comes
             | with very strong side-effects: it makes you totally unable
             | to do any activity. This is fine for a recreational usage,
             | but for a therapeutic usage, it's a serious problem.
             | Especially when alternatives exist.
        
           | thebigjewbowski wrote:
           | I'm always curious about using ketamine for situations like
           | this.
           | 
           | I've found that with medical marijuana you still feel the
           | pain but you just don't care because you're stoned, granted I
           | haven't had pain such as yours.
           | 
           | With ketamine, at low doses you get a disassociated effect
           | without much cognitive load but I haven't taken it when I was
           | in pain and unfortunately don't have ready access to it
           | anymore.
           | 
           | I'd taken Vicodin for 2 days after a surgery and quit it
           | immediately because I couldn't think clearly, nausea, etc and
           | didn't want anything to do with it.
        
           | treeman79 wrote:
           | Have a mix of nerve pain and a number of kidney stones.
           | 
           | A bad kidney stone will leave you suicidal after awhile.
           | Tramadol was only thing that go me through those.
           | 
           | Nerve pain is harder as it's long term. Never as bad as a
           | kidney stone. But it is it something you can live with
           | indefinitely. Tramadol works. But then you get long term
           | addiction. I would stop for a month every few months just to
           | detox some.
           | 
           | Eventually I discovered LDN. Which got pain under control.
           | Plus side you can't take opioids.
           | 
           | Was a nightmare finding a doctor that would prescribe it
           | though.
        
             | avgDev wrote:
             | I have some nerve pain. I tried LDN for maybe a month and
             | it did nothing for me. What dosage are you and how long
             | have you been taking it before seeing an improvement?
        
             | SmileyJames wrote:
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-dose_naltrexone
        
       | cmrdporcupine wrote:
       | Surely I'm not the only person for who cannabis just makes pain
       | far worse. In fact I know I'm not I've heard it from other
       | people.
       | 
       | Opiates are spooky, but ... they work really well.
        
         | mod wrote:
         | I have both experiences. Sometimes it dulls the pain, sometimes
         | I think it focuses my mind on it.
         | 
         | Particularly intense pain seems to be amplified.
        
         | freedomben wrote:
         | You're not the only one - it does me as well. But
         | unfortunately, the people who make the rules don't care about
         | our suffering.
        
           | bittercynic wrote:
           | One more here. I'm very glad that I experimented with
           | cannabis while healthy, and not when needing relief from
           | acute pain.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwayyy479087 wrote:
         | When you deal with large populations there's a _guarantee_ a
         | solution won't work for everyone. Addressing the opioid
         | epidemic is very difficult and you have to take what wins you
         | can get.
        
           | wayvey wrote:
           | Unsure why but when I read this I had Jimmy Car narrating the
           | comment in my head. Not taking sides or voicing opinions.
           | Best regards Joe Wilkinson
        
         | Taywee wrote:
         | Me too. I enjoyed weed recreationally for a long time, but I
         | had to quit because it caused full-body muscle aches (and I
         | experimented with many strains, CBD/THC amounts and ratios,
         | edibles, the works). Any pain I have is more acute, muscle
         | soreness in my back, hands, abs, shoulders and jaw that last
         | for days after use, nasal congestion, and long-lasting anxiety
         | and sleep problems. All regardless of strain and CBD content.
         | 
         | I appreciate the positives of legalization and how well it
         | works medicinally for some people, but proponents often act
         | like it's a no-brainer panacea that is universally applicable,
         | and that's just not the case. In my experience, it affects a
         | lot of people extremely differently, and for some people it's
         | effectively not a real option.
        
         | ryandvm wrote:
         | No, you're not the only one. Whenever I've taken THC for pain
         | it actually makes it, not worse, but more noticeable. I feel
         | like it's a perception thing and it really just heightens my
         | awareness of whatever pain I was dealing with.
        
         | loudmax wrote:
         | I imagine it has a lot to do with the type of pain. I don't
         | think I'd want canniboids for a sharp pain, and certainly not
         | for anything intense. But for a chronic pain or some kind of
         | ache where you're taking medication over a long term, a daily
         | dose of cannabis has got to be much better than any kind of
         | opiate.
        
           | cmrdporcupine wrote:
           | Nah, I have chronic pain. Muscle stuff (back, hips). And
           | arthritis.
           | 
           | They're insantly worse the moment I consume.
           | 
           | I know it's hard for those who enjoy cannabis to understand
           | this. But for me it's a highly unpleasant drug. Maybe the
           | most unpleasant of the various recreational substances I've
           | taken over the year. For me it's pain and paranoia.
           | 
           | In the milieux I was in in my 20s it was constantly around,
           | and wow, was I ever happier once I just stopped trying it.
           | 
           | When it became legal here I tried it again. Nope, still
           | sucks.
        
             | hn8305823 wrote:
             | I don't know if this will help you but:
             | 
             | Cannabis tends to amplify whatever you are thinking about.
             | If you are mentally focused on the pain that will almost
             | certainly be counter productive.
             | 
             | For paranoia, a trick that works for me is to
             | mentally/consciously call out the paranoia and acknowledge
             | that it is exaggerated/not real and instead caused by the
             | cannabis. As soon as I do that it disappears.
        
             | encryptluks2 wrote:
             | I used to be a frequent user, and began to have the same
             | issue where it would make my pain feel worse. I took a long
             | break and recently tried again and actually noticed quite a
             | bit of relief from pain. I think there are a lot of factors
             | at play here including how it is consumed, strain, mental
             | state, etc.
        
         | newguynewphone wrote:
         | after a bad knee injury i was given the 512 variant of
         | percocet, after a month, i was so hooked to the point of
         | constipation and needing medical intervention.
         | 
         | At my worst point after switching to medical cannabis, the
         | worst i have had is a groggy day.
         | 
         | Opiates work well, too well i would say.
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | Years ago before the cannabis legalization wave of the last
       | decade I read an article about how the War on Drugs had resulted
       | in black tar heroin being cheaper than cannabis.
       | 
       | The War on Drugs will go down as an inhumane, horrific failure.
       | We should never forget its origins as a reactionary wave against
       | counterculturalism (ie hippies) and black people. Cannabis
       | remains a Schedule I drug (meaning no medical uses despite all
       | evidence to the contrary). There have been vast disparities in
       | sentencing guidelines between crack and powder cocaine (eg 5g of
       | crack vs 500g of powder for trafficking [1]).
       | 
       | We have a pipeline here of the overprescription of opiates by US
       | doctors to a level no other country does. IIRC I read once that
       | if you're still taking opiates 2 weeks after you're prescribed
       | them there's a 50% chance you'll be taking them in a year.
       | 
       | Illegal opiate pills are expensive. Heroin (including black tar
       | heroin) is cheap. A lot of heroin addicts started with a legal
       | opiate prescription [2]. The likes of Purdue and the Sacklers
       | were complicit in lies about Oxycontin and profited on creating
       | opiate addiction. In a fairer world, Purdue would be seized by
       | the government, the assets of the Sacklers would be seized and
       | those most responsible would be executed (and the rest get to
       | spend their lives in jail).
       | 
       | It is utterly no surprise cannabis reduces the demand for opiates
       | (and thus the stock price of pharama companies). Just how much
       | evidence do we need to legalize cannabis at the Federal level?
       | 
       | The president doesn't seem to have unliteral powder to legalize
       | cannabis [3] but could trigger a reclassification and he could
       | change how the DEA treats and prosecutes cannabis offences. Over
       | a third of people now live in states where recreational cannabis
       | usage is either legal or soon will be. It's really time to demand
       | change.
       | 
       | [1]:
       | https://www.usnews.com/news/national/articles/2007/10/01/cra...
       | 
       | [2]: https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-
       | reports/prescript...
       | 
       | [3]: https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/can-president-biden-
       | legali...
        
       | PartiallyTyped wrote:
       | Something something more competition is good for the market
       | something something.
        
       | Animats wrote:
       | From the actual paper: _" The difference is about 1.5-2%,
       | statistically significant, and persists during the 20 business
       | days following the (legalization) event."_[1]
       | 
       | This is more like a useful hint for short-term traders, not a
       | long-term effect.
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal...
        
       | cantSpellSober wrote:
       | Do people replace opioids with cannabis?
        
         | bobthepanda wrote:
         | It's mostly used more for chronic pain, I thought. Particularly
         | where pain starts suppressing appetite, weed induced munchies
         | are a great way to keep things down.
        
         | barbazoo wrote:
         | Very much so. Here's just a few resources on this from
         | Vancouver:
         | 
         | https://www.vice.com/en/article/ne45vd/more-vancouver-opioid...
         | 
         | https://mugglehead.com/vancouver-cannabis-harm-reduction-pro...
        
           | cantSpellSober wrote:
           | Thanks, a replacement for methadone though? I'm skeptical:
           | 
           | "...no consensus among studies that cannabis use is
           | associated with reduced opioid use or longer treatment
           | retention when used during methadone maintenance therapy"
           | 
           | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31744904/
        
         | bitxbitxbitcoin wrote:
         | Yes. In fact, it seems that when legalization happens - opioid
         | use/overdoses in neighboring states goes down too.[0]
         | 
         | [0] https://thehighestcritic.com/news/recreational-marijuana-
         | leg...
        
         | GeekyBear wrote:
         | >States with medical marijuana laws had a 24.8 percent lower
         | average annual opioid overdose death rate compared to states
         | without such laws. In 2010, that translated to about 1,729
         | fewer deaths than expected. The years after implementation of
         | medical marijuana laws also were associated with lower overdose
         | death rates that generally got stronger over time: year 1
         | (-19.9 percent), year 2 (-25.2 percent), year 3 (-23.6
         | percent), year 4 (-20.2 percent), year 5 (-33.7 percent) and
         | year 6 (-33.3 percent).
         | 
         | https://media.jamanetwork.com/news-item/lower-opioid-overdos...
        
           | cantSpellSober wrote:
           | Yes but "the reason why is not clear" and "a direct causal
           | link cannot be established"
        
             | pmoleri wrote:
             | Sarcasm, right?
        
               | cantSpellSober wrote:
               | Worthless comment, right? If you'd read the link you'd
               | know I'm quoting directly. It cites studies, like this
               | one:
               | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392651/
               | 
               | ...which declares other correlations: "cannabis use has
               | been linked with increased use of other drugs, including
               | opioids" again adding "however, a causal relationship has
               | not been established." Should we assume the _bad_ stuff
               | is causal, too? I don 't believe we should.
        
           | bobthepanda wrote:
           | Is that from people switching from opioids to marijuana, or
           | from less new people starting with opioids?
        
       | girishso wrote:
       | > They found that stock market returns were 1.5-2% lower at 10
       | days following a cannabis legalization event
       | 
       | 10 days? That only affects short term "traders", can be used as a
       | trading opportunity at most.
       | 
       | I'm interested in long term effects, has legalization affected
       | sales of medicines over 2/3 years?
        
       | yowayb wrote:
       | The power/problem of cannabis is that it's not as
       | addictive/strong as opium. Make no mistake, this is a business
       | problem. Just like disposable razors, the (stock) market always
       | rewards the high that doesn't last, or leaves you wanting more.
       | 
       | The one thing that both of these drugs get right is an ingredient
       | that Katt Williams called "f* it".
       | 
       | It is the idea that maybe you're sweating the small stuff a bit
       | too much and maybe you should just let the power bill go and
       | light those candles that have been sitting around forever.
       | 
       | But the market won't let a good-enough solution alone. The market
       | will always demand something a little better, a little stronger,
       | and before you know it, you're hooked.
        
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