[HN Gopher] California lawmakers vote to keep Diablo Canyon online
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       California lawmakers vote to keep Diablo Canyon online
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 63 points
       Date   : 2022-09-01 17:29 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.world-nuclear-news.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.world-nuclear-news.org)
        
       | yodelshady wrote:
       | Honest question for renewables advocates:
       | 
       | Where would you rank US-west in terms of "industrialised places
       | where its easiest to phase out fossils or nuclear for
       | renewables"?
       | 
       | Because for my money, it may be the _best-suited place in the
       | world_.
       | 
       | - Lowish latitude, so winter nights are never that long, and
       | usage peaks are in summer; - Fair amount of land - even in CA,
       | _especially_ if we cheat a bit and assume NV is playing ball; -
       | _Lots_ of money.
       | 
       | And even _there_ , nuclear or gas are still necessary. Maybe
       | Australia beats it.
       | 
       | I can say this, Europe - including the UK - has over the last two
       | decades made the worst energy decisions, probably ever. Winter
       | peaking with 16 hour nights, and last year we had _week-long_
       | periods with generation of, to all intents and purposes, _zero_
       | useful power from wind during that period. For what its worth,
       | this year Germany restarted _8 GW of coal_ , and I'm sorry but no
       | other country in the world should be listening to European
       | lectures on climate _ever again_ after that. Wholesale costs have
       | exceeded $500 per MWh, they briefly peaked in London at $9000,
       | and the same amount of battery storage costs $100,000. I have
       | talked to investors on the latter figure and _none_ expect that
       | figure to decrease significantly. Raw materials will not humour
       | your optimism.
       | 
       | Pardon me, what the _actual fuck_ are we supposed to do?
        
         | panick21_ wrote:
         | The more relevant question is, how easy would it be to power
         | the whole country with nuclear.
         | 
         | The US has a long history of research, still has a huge amount
         | of knowlage of nuclear inside the country. And the US has the
         | scale that if they select 1-2 plant designs, the same plant can
         | be built, over and over and over again. A luxury small
         | countries don't have.
         | 
         | If the US simple decided to invest money in transition away
         | from coal and gas, you simple plan a nuclear plant next to
         | every existing coal plant and use your currently existing grid.
         | 
         | In terms of transitioning to renewables, the US is highly
         | variable, and each regions need to do very complex analysis on
         | what exactly it needs. How much wind and solar it has, what the
         | current grid is and how to adjust it. And then also how much
         | storage you need to keep reliability.
         | 
         | If you are going to transport energy over long distances
         | (something traditional grid designs tried to avoid) you need to
         | then interlink all these complex island of renewable+storage.
         | You make your region depended on wind energy from another
         | state.
         | 
         | > Pardon me, what the actual fuck are we supposed to do?
         | 
         | Look at how NASA did the COST and CommercialCrew program. Pick
         | 2-6 nuclear plant designs, grantee that each on of the winners
         | gets to build at least 4 plants and and then build a sales
         | pipeline in cooperation with all utilizes to plan form more.
         | 
         | Then just build as many as you can, as fast as you can. Likely
         | within a decade you will be finishing many reactors every year
         | and you easily build enough electricity to power the grid, plus
         | transportation, heating and even aviation.
         | 
         | If France could mostly do this in 1970s with sub-optimal
         | technology from the 1960s, why would it be harder now.
        
       | linksnapzz wrote:
       | It would be nice if they could re-open San Onofre with new
       | reactors (aka the Dolly Parton National Monument).
        
       | Victerius wrote:
       | TIL There is a nuclear power plant named Diablo Canyon. I thought
       | it was a reference to some game in the Diablo franchise and I was
       | wondering why politicians would vote to keep a multiplayer video
       | game's servers online.
        
         | PaulHoule wrote:
         | The real power plant is right next to the exceptionally
         | beautiful
         | 
         | http://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=592
        
         | IntelMiner wrote:
         | It's old enough to even be a Simpsons reference
         | 
         | https://comb.io/H7qsWh (for some reason there's no English
         | version on youtube)
        
           | bagacrap wrote:
           | don't they still make new Simpsons? hence something invented
           | yesterday could be a Simpsons reference
        
         | david2ndaccount wrote:
         | Fun fact, the game series is actually named after Mount Diablo:
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diablo_(series)#Development
        
       | S201 wrote:
       | Now if only we could get more reactors built. According to the
       | New York Times, Diablo Canyon provides 9% of California's
       | electricity[1]. It astounds me that a single generating station
       | like that can provide a whopping 9% of California's electricity.
       | 
       | Assuming the same capacity, four more stations would take it to
       | 45%. That's nearly half of your electricity for a state as large
       | as California from a stable, reliable, and clean(-er than fossil
       | fuels) source that drops into the existing grid. I know nuclear
       | isn't perfect and building new reactors is a huge challenge but
       | it's a great stopgap solution for the next 100-odd years until a
       | sufficient amount of solar & wind can be deployed to replace the
       | reactors.
       | 
       | 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/01/climate/california-
       | lawmak...
        
         | panick21_ wrote:
         | Diablo Canyon was supposed to be far larger then it ended up
         | being. Would have been amazing.
         | 
         | > I know nuclear isn't perfect and building new reactors is a
         | huge challenge but it's a great stopgap solution for the next
         | 100-odd years until a sufficient amount of solar & wind can be
         | deployed to replace the reactors.
         | 
         | I don't understand that? If you have functioning nuclear, why
         | would you ever go to wind and solar.
         | 
         | Do you just want your power supply to be less reliable and have
         | a massive dependency of storage?
         | 
         | If you have nuclear, why would you ever go of it? There is no
         | reason what so ever to do so.
         | 
         | Even fusion will not replace fission. Nuclear fission is the
         | cheapest possible energy by in a first principles analysis
         | (except maybe some Aneutronic fusion maybe but we can't really
         | even analyise what that would be).
        
           | tomatotomato37 wrote:
           | I don't know where the idea of nuclear being cheap comes
           | from. Yes, the fuel is miniscule and relatively cheap, but
           | all it does is get far hotter than any type of coal or gas
           | boiler would. You still need a heat engine on the higher tech
           | end of material science to turn that heat into usable energy.
           | And that's not even taking into account the oversized cooling
           | system to cover the difference between the dynamic grid load
           | and a reactor who's throttle response time is measured in
           | days.
           | 
           | That doesn't mean nuclear is a bad thing, especially when you
           | consider the externalities and production costs of other
           | systems. It's just not a miracle electricity device.
           | Personally I'm looking forward to the point people realize
           | you don't totally need the whole "electric generator" aspect
           | of nuclear and start direct connecting it to things that need
           | heat, like desalination
        
             | panick21_ wrote:
             | If you do a first principles analysis of the amount of
             | material required and the complexity of the plant, nuclear
             | looks really good.
             | 
             | The turbine you use to turn heat into power can be the same
             | as the one uses for commercial gas. Nuclear is not actually
             | hotter. Current PWR are actually cooler then Gas/Coal plant
             | (and that's part of why they are so expensive).
             | 
             | Most high temperature nuclear reactors will run at
             | comparable temperatures to gas plants, around 600C. I don't
             | know much about gas plants so correct me if they run at
             | lower temps.
             | 
             | > higher tech end of material science
             | 
             | High temperature doesn't necessary use high tech. Depending
             | on the design, the main containment vessel can be pretty
             | ordinary stainless steal.
             | 
             | And the same can be said for airplanes, cars or rockets.
             | They use high tech, but if you do it correctly and you
             | build more then 1, it can still be cheap for the end user.
             | 
             | > And that's not even taking into account the oversized
             | cooling system
             | 
             | High temperature reactors don't need huge cooling systems.
             | The huge size of PWR is mostly related to its absurdly
             | large steam cooling systems, but all of that wouldn't exist
             | in a modern reactor.
             | 
             | > reactor who's throttle response time is measured in days.
             | 
             | Again, you are drawing conclusions from current reactor
             | designs that were fundamentally designed in the 1960s to
             | power submarines.
             | 
             | Modern reactor designs can have very good load following
             | capability. Specially if you make that a goal of the
             | reactor design.
             | 
             | A good reactor design is fundamentally load following, if
             | you pull more energy it will produce more.
             | 
             | > It's just not a miracle electricity device.
             | 
             | I would sort-of disagree. I would suggest that most
             | miracles (walking on water) are not as amazing as the
             | discovery of a material that has many orders of magnitude
             | higher energy density and the a device that has the ability
             | to harness that.
             | 
             | Of course its not a divine miracle but given a world that
             | is powered by coal, finding uranium/thorium is basically a
             | miracle.
             | 
             | A nuclear reactor like we could build it if we do 5-10 more
             | design iteration would be one of the closes things to a
             | miracle device that we use.
             | 
             | > Personally I'm looking forward to the point people
             | realize you don't totally need the whole "electric
             | generator" aspect of nuclear and start direct connecting it
             | to things that need heat, like desalination
             | 
             | Yes, very much so. If you look at the live of Alvin
             | Weinberg one of pioneers of the nuclear age and the
             | inventor of both the PWR and the Molten Salt reactor. His
             | vision was far beyond just power generation.
             | 
             | He had a whole vision of society driven by nuclear plants,
             | nuclear desalination was on of them. I not sure if he
             | talked about synthetic fuel or not.
             | 
             | You could even imagine having a nuclear reactor per city
             | super-block and then using solar salt to circulate the
             | heating rather then using electrical heaters.
             | 
             | But to get to these applications we need to build on the
             | currently existing market.
        
           | abc_lisper wrote:
           | Nuclear is way more expensive than other renewables and even
           | gas. It takes a long time to build too. What no one seems to
           | be exploring is creating a world wide array of solar panels
           | so that everyone has power when they need it. Atleast US,
           | Africa, India and Europe could do it together.
           | 
           | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-energy-nuclearpower-
           | idUSK...
           | 
           | Edit: Hell, US alone could do and get over peak demand in the
           | evenings by having panel array spread all over the country.
        
             | panick21_ wrote:
             | That is drawing short side conclusions from limited data
             | drawn from a world that has per-selected against nuclear.
             | 
             | If you look at the energy need of the whole world, and from
             | first principle try to figure out what is the best way to
             | generate enough power for the whole world to live a first
             | world live-style, nuclear is by far the winner.
             | 
             | And the result will be system far more reliable and robust
             | compared to one built with solar/wind/storage and long
             | distance transportation.
        
           | throwaway5959 wrote:
           | Doesn't that depend on how cheap fusion may eventually get
           | though?
        
             | panick21_ wrote:
             | Well we can only speculated, but if you really think threw
             | it, there is no reason what so ever that fusion should be
             | cheaper. Maybe Aneutronic fusion but we are not even close
             | enough to that do an even estimation.
             | 
             | Lets go threw the major costs of a power plant.
             | 
             | - Building the primary plant
             | 
             | - Operations in form of maintenance and salary.
             | 
             | - Fuel cost (including transportation and so on)
             | 
             | Now lets start with fuel cost. If we are talking about an
             | advanced breeder fission reactor, thorium or natural
             | uranium is basically free. Thorium is a waste product of
             | Rare Earth mining, we have far more then we could ever use
             | already. This material needs to be devolved into some salt.
             | 
             | Fusion on the other hand will need to breed its fuel. That
             | would basically require to mine lithium and then circulate
             | it around an already existing fusion reactor. That possible
             | but doesn't sound exactly cheap, it would be an incredibly
             | complex process.
             | 
             | So on fuel cost, fission wins pretty clearly.
             | 
             | In terms of building the plant, if you look at some basic
             | assumptions about a bill of materials, its pretty clear as
             | well. Many advanced fission reactors are not much more then
             | a big bucket of some sort of steel alloy (stainless steal
             | or some sort of nickel alloy). Not more complex then many
             | advanced materials used in airplane or rocket construction.
             | Its more of an issue with qualification then production.
             | Inside of that bucket you are gone have some graphite tubes
             | or some other metal tubes. That bucket is likely filled
             | with some molten salt, not so much different from molten
             | toothpaste.
             | 
             | Now compare this to a containment facility that needs to
             | literally contain the heat a small sun. Not only do you
             | need a magnetic containment that consists of large of
             | highly advanced materials but you also need a physical
             | material that can be blasted by a small sun.
             | 
             | What's cheaper to build, a bucket full of hot toothpaste or
             | a complex shaped object that contains a small sun?
             | 
             | In terms of operations, a modern load following breeder
             | needs very little refueling. Depending on the exact design
             | you might even just continuously refuel and all you would
             | have to do is dump some additional thorium into the salt.
             | In some designs you need a crane to shuffle around fuel
             | tubes every so often.
             | 
             | Not sure how commercial operation of a fusion reactor would
             | exactly work and how automated you could do all of that. I
             | don't think we have enough information to really estimate
             | that. However its hart to see how much easier it would be
             | then a fission reactor.
             | 
             | So I think in all major cost aspects, fission looks better.
             | The real advantage of fusion is 3 order of magnitude higher
             | density. But fission fuel is essentially free and dense
             | enough that transporting it is absolute non issue, so not
             | sure how increase density really helps fusion.
             | 
             | So I'm not against fusion research, I think its great. But
             | we need to do research, not obsess about trying to build
             | commercial fusion power.
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | Wind and solar have their benefits. I think it's always good
           | to have a diverse supply.
           | 
           | It's a common misconception that you have to run nuclear
           | power plants at 100% output all the time. That was true in
           | 1970 but newer plants can adjust their output to meet demand,
           | some even do so on a continuous basis to stabilize the
           | frequency of the electric grid.
           | 
           | https://www.oecd-
           | nea.org/upload/docs/application/pdf/2021-12...
           | 
           | The resulting changes in temperature put some stress on the
           | parts of the reactor because of thermal expansion but it is
           | something the reactor can be built to tolerate.
        
           | S201 wrote:
           | > I don't understand that? If you have functioning nuclear,
           | why would you ever go to wind and solar.
           | 
           | A few reasons: The amount of fissile materials on Earth isn't
           | infinite. As far as I understand (please correct me if I'm
           | wrong... this is not my professional background), there are
           | only ~230 years of uranium available.[1] And that's at
           | today's consumption rates; build the amount of reactors we
           | need and it's even less. Maybe we'd find more or maybe
           | there's some other fissile material to use (thorium?). I'm
           | not knowledgeable enough about the specifics to be honest,
           | but it is finite on some timeline. Whereas wind and solar
           | will last as long as the sun lasts.
           | 
           | Aside from that, there's always the small risk of
           | malfunctions and nuclear proliferation. Even with newer tech
           | that could greatly limit the possibility of accidents to near
           | zero (it's already absurdly low) there's still the constant
           | need of water for cooling and geopolitical issues causing
           | problems like what is happening right now with the
           | Zaporizhzhia plant in Ukraine.
           | 
           | That's why I say it's not perfect but that it does serve an
           | incredibly important purpose in the near term to dramatically
           | lower CO2 emissions and buy time to either deploy more wind &
           | solar, extend the life of nuclear, or maybe deploy fusion if
           | we ever finally crack that egg. Exactly how that looks would
           | likely be a question for our children to answer.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-long-will-
           | glo...
        
             | panick21_ wrote:
             | > A few reasons: The amount of fissile materials on Earth
             | isn't infinite. As far as I understand (please correct me
             | if I'm wrong... this is not my professional background),
             | there are only ~230 years of uranium available.
             | 
             | The idea of natural resources running out is always pushed
             | about everything and is always wrong.
             | 
             | However, in this case its wrong on an even more fundamental
             | level. There is a gigantic amount of fertile (i.e. you need
             | to hit it with one neutron to make it fissile) nuclear
             | material around. Literally enough for 1000s of years. And
             | volcanic activity is bringing up new such material from
             | deeper in the earth.
             | 
             | Any non insane nuclear strategy will eventually switch to
             | breeder reactors and if you do, the amount of fissile
             | material is essentially infinite.
             | 
             | We already have gigantic amounts of fissile material in the
             | form of spent fuel that we can use to start breeder
             | reactors.
             | 
             | This video goes threw how you can do this:
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bkZ0ZBAVDu4
             | 
             | > other fissile material to use (thorium?)
             | 
             | There is both a huge amount of fertile material, both in
             | the form of thorium (T-232) and what is usually called
             | natural uranium (U-238).
             | 
             | The things consider limited is Uranium-235 if I'm not
             | mistaken. This is the only surviving naturally fissile
             | material. But should it get down to it, I'm sure we could
             | extend the amount of known reserves, just as we did for
             | almost everything else.
             | 
             | There is a pretty interesting story here about 3 different
             | strains of nuclear that exists and of these the naturally
             | fissile material of 2 of them is 'extinct'. Only U-235 is
             | still sticking around. If not for that, it would have been
             | much harder to start nuclear age.
             | 
             | In the beginning there was a lot of effort put into breeder
             | reactors because the amount of known U-235 was considered
             | really small. So breeders had to be developed however as
             | usually happens more U-235 was discovered once people
             | started looking. And this sadly lead to way less emphasis
             | being put on breeders.
             | 
             | > there's still the constant need of water for cooling
             | 
             | This is wrong. Almost any GenIV reactor is perfectly fine
             | with being air cooled. In fact most reactors are perfectly
             | fine in the icy tundra and the hottest desert on the
             | planet.
             | 
             | Consider that for a reactor that runs on 600C even a desert
             | feels like being in an ice bath.
             | 
             | As with everything nuclear, the real problem is that we
             | stopped progressing in the early 1970s and are still using
             | blown up submarine reactors.
             | 
             | The real problem is not nuclear, but technology stagnation
             | because of societal issues.
             | 
             | > nuclear proliferation
             | 
             | An over estimate problem. Depending on the design you can
             | make it practically impossible to do anything. And if you
             | can do anything it would be about 100x more effort then
             | just developing the bomb the same way everybody else has.
             | 
             | There are absolutely nuclear designs that you can deploy in
             | most places in the world.
             | 
             | > the small risk of malfunctions
             | 
             | While true, the same can be said for wind and solar. Even
             | current nuclear doesn't kill people.
             | 
             | Future GenIV reactors potential for harm is very local. You
             | could potentially imagine some accident that kills some
             | people inside of the power plant.
             | 
             | But unless you combine the story of 3 evil bond villains
             | its hard to see how with such reactors you could seriously
             | harm people outside of the plant boundary.
             | 
             | So I would say in terms of risk, building 1000s of large
             | towers to harness the wind, this is much less dangerous.
             | 
             | > or maybe deploy fusion if we ever finally crack that egg
             | 
             | Practically it makes no sense and will not be cheaper then
             | fission for a whole host of reasons.
             | 
             | Also, it still has proliferation concerns and still has the
             | potential of accidents that could leak radiation.
             | 
             | Fusion might make sense for a few space application, but
             | practically for earth is mostly irrelevant.
        
               | meisanother wrote:
               | >>> As with everything nuclear, the real problem is that
               | we stopped progressing in the early 1970s and are still
               | using blown up submarine reactors.
               | 
               | The real problem is not nuclear, but technology
               | stagnation because of societal issues.
               | 
               | <<<
               | 
               | About this, I wonder if the number of new works mean that
               | we are getting over the bump of stagnation. Do you think
               | enough is getting done on that end? Also, I wonder what
               | type of work can have the most impact on this side. My
               | Government (Quebec, Canada) closed our last nuclear
               | reactor years ago, but there's still some knowledge base
               | around smaller reactors in Universities.
               | 
               | There's also plan to expand investment into private-held
               | reactor development (https://www.cnl.ca/clean-
               | energy/canadian-nuclear-research-in...). Is this an
               | avenue, considering the legislative/regulation overhead,
               | that will ever be sustainable or it should be spearheaded
               | by governments like it was in the 50s?
        
               | panick21_ wrote:
               | Canada is actually the globally leading country in terms
               | of commercial GenIV nuclear. Many nuclear companies are
               | moving to Canada from the US and Britain because Canada
               | has a sane legislator, utilities that want nuclear.
               | Ontario is really at the core of global nuclear
               | innovation.
               | 
               | The CNSC is at the very lead in terms of GenIV (hate that
               | term) reactor designs. They created an innovate new way
               | of going threw licensing. See:
               | 
               | https://nuclearsafety.gc.ca/eng/reactors/power-
               | plants/pre-li...
               | 
               | Canada is also finally investing some amount of money
               | into next generation fuel reprocessing. Canada might
               | actually be the first country to really solve fuel
               | reprocessing. Together with Moltex Energy they have a
               | real plan of turning their CANDU fuel waste in fuel for
               | next generation reactors. This kind of reprocessing is
               | much better then the process used in France for example.
               | It could be a model for the world.
               | 
               | All that said, Canada is simple not the market that is
               | big enough. Its not the US, India or China. So for real
               | impact this technology has to move from Canada to the US.
               | 
               | The US really did a horrible thing regulation, NRC is a
               | terrible agency in a number of ways, specially when it
               | comes to next generation reactors. The AEC had been far
               | more active, since the NRC took over, almost nothing has
               | been done.
               | 
               | Thankfully the US DoE finally started to realize how bad
               | they were doing in some aspects. They made some fantastic
               | changes like the GAIN program.
               | 
               | https://gain.inl.gov/SitePages/Home.aspx
               | 
               | However turning the DoE is like turning a ship 100x the
               | size of the titanic.
               | 
               | So the real hope is that the DoE will look into the
               | process of the CNSC and do a co-licensing. Meaning that
               | if a plant gets a license in Canada. It will be very easy
               | to do the same in the US. That would be the best outcome.
               | Nuclear safety should have one globally process, at least
               | for the west.
               | 
               | There are also some interesting things happening in the
               | US. NuScale is a interesting company and their efforts
               | while still being focused on PWRs does actually have
               | number of things in its license that other companies will
               | be able to use and build on.
               | 
               | In addition to that, Kairos Power is doing some pretty
               | interesting things trying to 'hack' the traditional
               | licensing process. They are trying to do fast iteration
               | with nuclear the same way SpaceX does in space. And have
               | the regulator follow along so when they are ready to
               | build a full plant, the regulator already knows a huge
               | amount about the design.
               | 
               | There is also some hope that some countries in Eastern
               | Europe (Poland, Estonia ...) might start buying advanced
               | nuclear plants, giving these plants more of a market.
               | Since these countries don't have the very high level
               | regulators, they might just mostly reuse the Canadian
               | process. So a single GenIV plant built in Canada could be
               | globally transformative.
               | 
               | So yeah good things are finally happening again. A lot of
               | credit goes to ground up nuclear movements kicked of
               | partly by Kirk Soronson. He rediscovered a lot of the
               | molten salt work and published. And many of the nuclear
               | companies, like Terrestrial Power, actually met at these
               | early events about molten salt and thorium. He himself
               | has Flibe Energy, their vision is somewhat more complex
               | and longer term but very interesting and fundamental.
               | 
               | Its hard to see what happening in China. India has every
               | intensive to do nuclear and they have some of the right
               | ideas, but India is pretty slow moving.
               | 
               | Europe is just highly divided and every country is
               | cooking its own soup. So its hard for Europe to serve as
               | market. That is why the US is so fundamental. Its the
               | only market driven state where you don't necessarily need
               | focused central government driven push for next
               | generation nuclear.
               | 
               | You will never have some Canadian startup building plants
               | in France. So France did great with nuclear but also
               | their technology stagnated and they are somewhat of an
               | island. They threw away promising reactors like
               | Superphonex, a GenIV reactor that was 3GW thermal and
               | actually connected to the grid. But of course it was
               | killed by left/green alliance and never revived.
               | 
               | So lots of stuff happening, finally also some actual
               | button up support that politicians can point to.
               | 
               | I still believe in 2100 people will use mostly nuclear
               | power and will look back on these times thinking we were
               | idiots. "They discovered all the technology in the 60s,
               | why are they not using it".
        
             | PaulHoule wrote:
             | Today's nuclear reactors only extract about 2% of the
             | energy in natural uranium, fast reactors could extract many
             | times more by producing Pu239 and other fissile actinides
             | from relatively abundant U238.
             | 
             | Since uranium is water soluble there are large amounts in
             | the ocean and if fast reactors were made economical it
             | would be practical to extract from seawater, seawater
             | uranium is a renewable resource because uranium is always
             | eroding from rocks and making its way to the ocean by
             | rivers.
             | 
             | Thorium breeders do the same thing as plutonium breeders by
             | converting Th232 to U233 except they can do it with a
             | thermal spectrum. It's not so clear if terrestrial Th or U
             | is really more abundant but Th is not in seawater because,
             | like Pu it is not water soluble.
        
               | S201 wrote:
               | Thanks for the info. I figured there was more to it than
               | that and there were ways to extract more fuel.
        
       | mike_hock wrote:
       | Based.
        
       | ZeroGravitas wrote:
       | If you're getting free money from the federal government, it
       | makes sense. Not sure I'd recommend it if spending your own money
       | though.
        
       | r00fus wrote:
       | Good news.
       | 
       | Although I am wary of nuclear's sustainability due to usage of
       | fresh water (another limited resource in our climate crisis
       | days)... I mean look at France nuclear + dry rivers...
       | 
       | I think Nuclear should be part of our basket of energy sources
       | (as it's baseload) to combat climate change.
        
         | panick21_ wrote:
         | Most advanced nuclear would have been air cooled but after 50
         | years of nuclear stagnation we are sadly still haven't managed
         | to get there.
         | 
         | The solution is to finally evolve the technology.
        
         | nyokodo wrote:
         | > I am wary of nuclear's sustainability due to usage of fresh
         | water
         | 
         | I feel like there should be ways to engineer around this
         | especially for reactors near the coast. Use some of the power
         | from the plant to desalinate sea water or engineer to use sea
         | water?
        
           | PaulHoule wrote:
           | Seabrook nuclear power station in New Hampshire (where I grew
           | up) is cooled by ocean water and has no cooling towers
           | 
           | https://www.osti.gov/biblio/6367683
           | 
           | I seem to recall Jackie Srouji (a navy intelligence agent who
           | got busted when she talked big to a reporter after Karen
           | Silkwood died under mysterious circumstances) also got busted
           | by Navy Seals when she went for a swim to check out the water
           | intakes for the San Onofre power station near San Diego.
        
       | ppierald wrote:
       | Diablo Canyon is in an absolutely beautiful part of the central
       | coast of California. Definitely visit the greater San Luis Obispo
       | area. Californians want it all (green and plentiful), but lack
       | the basics to make that happen (coalfire supplemented with wind
       | and solar plus overloaded grids -- see what happens this weekend
       | with FlexAlerts already called).
       | 
       | Nuclear should be considered. I don't know how to make them
       | perfectly safe and their have been incidents where unfortunate
       | accidents occur, but newer technology and designs might make our
       | society able to have their cake and eat it too.
        
         | S201 wrote:
         | > I don't know how to make them perfectly safe and their have
         | been incidents where unfortunate accidents occur
         | 
         | The issue I have with this argument is that if we don't
         | dramatically reduce CO2 emissions far, far more people are
         | going to die from climate change than nuclear _might_ kill.
         | 
         | Plus, as another commenter already mentioned, the amount of
         | deaths coal is responsible for is 470x higher than nuclear from
         | air pollution alone. We accept these deaths for coal but
         | somehow have a problem with a much smaller number of deaths
         | from nuclear in the theoretical case of a massive incident. I'm
         | not saying there's an acceptable number of deaths to just live
         | with but pragmatically speaking I'll gladly take the proven
         | option that kills orders of magnitudes fewer people than the
         | status quo is already doing.
         | 
         | > Compared with nuclear power, coal is responsible for five
         | times as many worker deaths from accidents, 470 times as many
         | deaths due to air pollution among members of the public, and
         | more than 1,000 times as many cases of serious illness,
         | according to a study of the health effects of electricity
         | generation in Europe.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/nuclear-power-is-
         | saf...
        
         | throwaway5959 wrote:
         | Coal kills more people every year than nuclear ever has.
        
         | 62951413 wrote:
         | In a vast country like ours I'd expect the government to be
         | able to find cheap secluded places (in states such as NV?)
         | where new reactors can be built. And then rich states such as
         | CA buy the electricity from them. And probably invest into
         | building them too.
        
       | nyokodo wrote:
       | This is a pragmatic decision as California, like many other
       | regions, tries to make a transition away from fossil fuels while
       | also dealing with the persistent disinformation from the anti-
       | nuclear lobby.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-09-01 23:02 UTC)