[HN Gopher] Day ahead electricity prices for EU
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Day ahead electricity prices for EU
        
       Author : taubek
       Score  : 187 points
       Date   : 2022-08-27 12:55 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (euenergy.live)
 (TXT) w3m dump (euenergy.live)
        
       | ed25519FUUU wrote:
       | At $0.40/kWh Germany is now paying the same or slightly less than
       | a PG&E TOU customer.
       | 
       | I didn't realize their electricity was so much cheaper than ours
       | to start with.
        
         | mqus wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure this price is before taxes (and maybe more
         | payments) and german taxes are pretty heavy, ca. 30% of the
         | consumer price is taxes and stuff, ~25% go to the network
         | operator and only ~45% are power generation[1](~the prices in
         | the visualization). So you have to roughly double that to get
         | consumer EUR/kWh (ofc daily prices are a bit different than a
         | contract over a whole year).
         | 
         | [1, german sadly] https://strom-
         | report.de/strompreise/strompreis-zusammensetzu...
        
         | bushbaba wrote:
         | California is near the same cost as hawaii. The rates are
         | absurd. With the rate payer bailing out their past dividends
         | and lack of investment.
        
       | speedgoose wrote:
       | North of Norway has almost free electricity while the south is
       | quite expensive. The only link between the two regions are
       | through Sweden for now. A new power line will connect the two
       | regions in Norway eventually. So the north will pay more and the
       | south the same since everything will be absorbed by other
       | European countries.
       | 
       | The electricity companies in the south also follow well the
       | business strategy of privatising the benefits and socialising the
       | losses. The water level in the lakes in the south are too low
       | especially considering the difficult winter to come, yet they
       | sometimes empty them to export to Scotland to make money now.
       | 
       | It's a bit annoying but at least I get push notifications when
       | the price is very high or very low.
        
         | lawn wrote:
         | And Sweden has the same problem with energy transfers, where
         | it's very cheap in the north and very expensive in the south.
        
       | neverrroot wrote:
       | Green without a proper plan? Germany/Europe will be the green
       | poster children on how not to do it. Guess who will damage the
       | environment more in the end.
        
         | IfOnlyYouKnew wrote:
         | Germany has been exporting electricity to France all summer,
         | because they had to shut down more than half their nuclear
         | power plants for maintenance and due to heat.
        
         | MomoXenosaga wrote:
         | No matter what magic plan anyone comes up with it would take
         | years to implement. Nuclear, more insulation, hydrogen, new gas
         | fields. It's almost winter already.
        
           | Tarsul wrote:
           | the magic plan should be to consume less and less and less.
           | If we would consume 20% less, which should be absolutely
           | doable, these problems would alleviate itself quite fast
           | (well, we still should invest as much as we can in
           | renewables). However, for that to happen we would need to
           | have governments that are not afraid and act.
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | > If we would consume 20% less, which should be absolutely
             | doable, these problems would alleviate itself quite fast
             | (well, we still should invest as much as we can in
             | renewables). However, for that to happen we would need to
             | have governments that are not afraid and act.
             | 
             | Act how exactly? How do you propose on forcing everyone,
             | citizens and enterprises, to consume less energy? Why would
             | they want to do that? Transition to less energy intensive
             | alternatives sure (like LEDs), but that's not easy, will
             | require massive investments and is by the way already in
             | progress.
        
             | neverrroot wrote:
             | I have doubts.
        
           | mantas wrote:
           | More insulation is double edge sword. I moved into a super-
           | energy-efficient house here in north/east Europe. Heating in
           | winter is damn cheap. But retention works in summer too... so
           | I had to get air conditioner :( And electrical ventilation is
           | a must all year round to get air fresh, keep module at bay
           | ant not loose energy living with open windows. Energy saving
           | in bottom line will be abysmal :(
        
             | guerby wrote:
             | You're probably missing thermal mass in the house. Comes
             | with bio-sourced insulating material, but usually not with
             | rock/glass whool or polystyrene & the like.
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | Thermal mass doesn't help if it's hot for a days. Then it
               | just keeps the heat.
               | 
               | In winter, the house works great to retain heat. But as I
               | learned during construction when I had to prepare for
               | laying flooring, it took a while to heat it up.
        
             | badpun wrote:
             | That house would be much worse without the insulation.
             | That's why it's unbearably hot in summer in say a shack
             | made of out sheet metal (such shack would be much more
             | bearable if it was insulated).
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | Metal shack would be worse in the middle of the day.
               | Insulated house retains heat at night. Spending day
               | outside is an option, spending a night is much worse.
        
               | badpun wrote:
               | During the night, you can... open windows and create
               | draft? Unless the night is very hot, it should be enough
               | to bring temperature inside down to manageable levels.
        
             | foepys wrote:
             | You should leave the windows open at night to let the
             | cooler air in and cool the insulation from the inside. Once
             | you let the heat inside by opening windows in the heat, you
             | have lost, that's true.
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | I did that last year. But it doesn't cool down enough in
               | the evening to sleep comfortably.
        
             | welterde wrote:
             | The key is not to let the heat in in the first place during
             | the summer. Thick external shutters do wonders in that
             | regard. Well insulated windows alone will let in the heat
             | (in form of light) but not out again (IR).
             | 
             | I really wonder why these shutters are not way more common
             | than they are.
        
             | goodpoint wrote:
             | > But retention works in summer too... so I had to get air
             | conditioner
             | 
             | It's the opposite. Insulation protects you from heat as
             | well. That's why refrigerators are very much insulated.
        
               | mantas wrote:
               | Insulation protects only so long till it heats up. Then
               | it keeps the heat inside.
        
           | neverrroot wrote:
           | Exactly, because it was all done without a proper plan. And
           | they have been warned multiple times, laughter and sarcasm is
           | unfortunately all they had as a reply. Now this.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | Why single out Germany when there are 14 countries on that list
         | with higher prices?
         | 
         | Gas as a transitionary energy source is something lots of
         | countries have bet on. Meanwhile France is doing a great job
         | showcasing the problems of Nuclear during heat waves (they will
         | be the ones laughing in the Winter though)
        
           | _dain_ wrote:
           | Because the Germans have a huge say in EU energy market
           | regulations.
        
       | leke wrote:
       | My town's investment in renewables is really paying off.
        
       | sprak wrote:
       | Sweden has four zones and according to [1] tomorrow's price will
       | be from north to south:
       | 
       | Zone 1: 14,25 cents/kWh
       | 
       | Zone 2: 14,25 cents/kWh
       | 
       | Zone 3: 108,64 cents/kWh
       | 
       | Zone 4: 201,63 cents/kWh
       | 
       | 1 Swedish krona is 0,094 USD. So between 1,3 and 20 American
       | cents per kWh.
       | 
       | Most people live in Zone 3 followed by Zone 4. Facebook's
       | datacenter is in Zone 1.
       | 
       | [1]: https://elen.nu
        
         | tmikaeld wrote:
         | The disturbing thing is that Zone 4 has to pay export prices,
         | when it would be fairer to pay pre-export prices.
         | 
         | It's already starting to bankrupt businesses in Zone 4, that
         | are calling for immediate changes [0].
         | 
         | [0] https://www.di.se/live/efter-elprissmockan-skanska-
         | foretag-v...
        
           | anticristi wrote:
           | Hello from zone 4. Indeed, people here are pretty pissed
           | about this. Basically, if an exporting transmission line got
           | damaged, zone 4 prices would drop instantly.
        
             | tmikaeld wrote:
             | I'm also in Zone 4, prepare to be even more pissed then,
             | the state want to double the export capacity [0].
             | 
             | [0] https://www.sydsvenskan.se/2022-08-18/regeringen-kan-
             | bana-va...
             | 
             | The electricity companies and the socialist state earn
             | billions [1] (2021), they have no incentives to change how
             | it currently works.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.tn.se/hallbarhet/kritiken-staten-tjanar-
             | miljarde...
        
         | moogly wrote:
         | Facebook will have a much lower price anyway. Large industries
         | (like steel plants, mining operations, paper mills, saw mills,
         | and, yes, data centers) in Sweden have not been affected yet
         | since they are not normally directly exposed to the spot price
         | due to different price protection strategies[0]. There is no
         | way Facebook pays consumer spot prices. Plus Sweden has the
         | lowest electricity tax in the EU[1] for these companies. They
         | raised it from 0 in 2019 due to EU regulations to 0.005
         | SEK/kWh. Consumer electricity tax today is 0.45 SEK/kWh
         | including VAT. I believe there is also a way to write off a
         | part of the electricity costs.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.svd.se/a/rE0R9R/elpriserna-nar-inte-industrin-
         | ha... (paywall)
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.svt.se/nyheter/inrikes/lagst-elpriser-till-
         | indus...
        
         | thepasswordis wrote:
         | To put this into more human terms: a tesla model Y has a 75kwh
         | battery.
         | 
         | So this means to charge it, at home, would cost between $0.75,
         | $2.25, and $15.
         | 
         | A normal air conditioner uses about 3.5kw. So if it runs for 6
         | hours a day, so 21kwh/day. $0.21/day, $0.63/day, and $4.2/day.
        
           | roflyear wrote:
           | How much in Cali?
        
             | Rebelgecko wrote:
             | If you're paying in Cali you can multiply the USD amount by
             | 5000 to get the approximate cost in Colombian pesos
        
           | kilovoltaire wrote:
           | thanks for the context!
           | 
           | small typo - air conditioner should be 3.5kw not kwh
        
       | boshomi wrote:
       | detailed information:
       | 
       | Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE:
       | https://energy-charts.info/index.html?l=en&c=DE
       | 
       | and European Energy Exchange AG: https://www.eex.com/en/
        
       | hericium wrote:
       | Would be great if prices included transfer or would there be an
       | option to see both. In some states the price of energy can be
       | lower than the price of its transfer.
        
         | PeterisP wrote:
         | The transfer between regions isn't expensive compared to these
         | prices, but they are capacity limited.
         | 
         | What is relatively expensive may be the "retail delivery" to
         | small-scale consumers, but that is excluded here as that price
         | is not dependent on these daily fluctuations of generation;
         | this is about the wholesale markets and the high-voltage
         | networks.
        
       | Tade0 wrote:
       | Electricity map gives a more detailed view on the situation,
       | including imports/exports:
       | 
       | https://electricitymaps.com/
       | 
       | Poland has an interesting story behind the price: the government
       | passed legislation which switched from net-metering to net-
       | billing with the start of April, so people rushed to build as
       | many home PV installations as possible to get grandfathered into
       | the previous scheme.
       | 
       | A whopping 4-5GW estimated was added to the grid in this period,
       | almost doubling the installed capacity, creating a unique mix of
       | coal and solar in the summer.
       | 
       | Now during the day it's what's keeping prices below EUR250/MWh
       | because even with net-metering the price of this electricity is
       | closer to EUR175/MWh.
       | 
       | In 2019 that would have been horribly expensive, but it's safe to
       | say those times are gone for good.
        
         | KptMarchewa wrote:
         | Also, we barely use gas - price is mostly driven by coal.
        
           | anonporridge wrote:
           | I imagine Poland was much more paranoid than Germany about
           | becoming overly dependent on Russian gas.
           | 
           | Of course, now Germany is scrambling to turn coal plants back
           | online.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | epolanski wrote:
             | Poland simply produced most electricity with coal rather
             | than gas for decades, even during communism.
             | 
             | This is not related to Russia.
        
       | tradertef wrote:
       | Off topic:
       | 
       | How did Apple allow their app in the App Store? It can easily be
       | a website (no phone specific frameworks are used). There was a
       | post that explained the difficulty they had for Apple to approve
       | their application (music festivals).
        
       | admissionsguy wrote:
       | My move to Sweden continues to pay unexpected dividends. And what
       | the map shows is I suppose based on the average for the whole
       | country - it's several times cheaper in the north (the "real"
       | Sweden with auroras and stuff) than in the south.
       | 
       | Let's be real though, the society will fall apart before energy
       | costs become a big problem for people working in tech.
        
         | daneel_w wrote:
         | I came here when I was 8 years old, and to me the "real" Sweden
         | is everything from south to north, not just some single
         | isolated part. I don't find the notion offensive, but it's
         | contusive and somewhat foreign.
         | 
         | It's great that your small urban household can take the hit.
         | It's becoming a real problem for single parents in the south.
        
           | admissionsguy wrote:
           | I didn't mean to come off as offensive in this particular
           | post, it was just an attempt at humour, hard to pull off
           | online. I am actually completely oblivious as to whether this
           | idea may or may not be offensive or strange to locals. Most
           | people - even the Swedes - find the north rather harsh.
           | 
           | > It's great that your small urban household can take the
           | hit. It's becoming a real problem for single parents in the
           | south.
           | 
           | Meh, no bank wanted to give me a mortgage so I bought a cheap
           | rural house. I am already subsidising the leveraged people's
           | interest rates in my massive taxes, so excuse me if my
           | sympathies do not extend very far.
        
         | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
         | Where did you live before? How hard was it to move there?
        
           | admissionsguy wrote:
           | Poland. As an EU citizen working online, it was as easy as
           | buying a plane ticket, renting an AirBNB, registering a
           | company, and waiting over a year until I got connected to the
           | healthcare / social security system and such.
        
             | JohnJamesRambo wrote:
             | Wow that is really neat.
             | 
             | Is there ever a problem with everyone wanting to move to
             | all the good places haha? I wonder if they will get really
             | expensive to live in like California and New York. Not that
             | I'm saying CA and NY are the "good" places of USA but many
             | perceive it that way.
        
               | admissionsguy wrote:
               | The house price inflation has been staggering across
               | Sweden, but not so much in the rural north where I live.
               | I don't think many people will ever want to move here,
               | but for those with more mainstream idea of what a "good
               | place" is, yeah, it's getting ever harder.
        
               | badpun wrote:
               | Language barriers prevent that to a large degree. People
               | mostly move for better jobs, often only temporarily (for
               | a couple of years), and largely only if their current
               | area is econmically depressed.
        
       | andrepd wrote:
       | Nitpick: the iberian market is portrayed as "Spain" when it
       | should be "Spain + Portugal".
        
       | pelasaco wrote:
       | No prices for Portugal?
       | 
       | Why in Spain is the electricity so cheap?
        
       | locallost wrote:
       | This is nothing. If you want to panic, check the futures markets
       | for the next 2 quarters, especially France.
       | 
       | So I think short term we are pretty screwed. But I think if you
       | can produce electricity at 1/10 or even 1/20 of the price,
       | wouldn't you be adding new capacity now? The only fast option are
       | renewables, so my wild guess is that there will be so much new
       | capacity added in the next years, the bottleneck will not be
       | production, but skilled labor to install it. That's the way a
       | real market economy should react.
        
         | Toutouxc wrote:
         | The thing about "short term screwed" is that in some countries
         | the "screwed" is actually "people having to pay more than 100 %
         | of their income for electricity".
         | 
         | Theoretically, long term, this could all work out nicely and
         | steer more people and governments towards renewables and
         | decentralized generation, but the short term consequences are
         | starting to look brutal.
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | I expect some major support programs will be put in place to
           | address this. And it will probably involve a bit of money
           | printing. No sane government is going to let its citizens
           | deal with going bankrupt because of massively higher energy
           | prices. So Germany, France, etc. will do whatever needs doing
           | to prevent that.
           | 
           | The real problem will be industry having to shut down or
           | minimize operations. They'll be the ones bearing the real
           | cost. This winter will be brutal in terms of its economical
           | impact on industry. The next one, countries will be better
           | prepared. It's Russia that will be suffering the consequences
           | long term. I doubt any country in Europe wants to ever be
           | dependent on them again to the extent that they have in the
           | past.
        
             | Sakos wrote:
             | I've seen a report or two talking about how fertilizer
             | plants are being shutdown or run at reduced capacity across
             | Europe because of gas costs. Electricity is the least of
             | our problems.
        
               | chewz wrote:
               | Oh, It is much more then just fertilizer plants.
               | Fertilizer plants stoped this week all over EU. (Yara
               | Norway, Azoty Poland etc.)
               | 
               | The moment you stop fertilizer plants you stop supplies
               | of CO2 and NO2 industry gases and that stops dairy
               | plants, meat factories, breweries etc... Basically you
               | stop food production and distribution. And after cows get
               | culled and you have 2-3 years before production can come
               | back to initial levels.
               | 
               | It is going to be rather tough decade for Europe.... And
               | not just Europe...
               | 
               | Europe's Energy Crisis Threatens Glass Production
               | 
               | https://www.wsj.com/articles/europes-energy-crisis-
               | threatens...
               | 
               | There's a Carbon Dioxide Shortage, and Food and Drink
               | Makers are Scrambling
               | 
               | https://www.wsj.com/articles/food-beverage-companies-
               | race-to...
        
               | Sakos wrote:
               | > It is going to be rather tough decade for Europe....
               | And not just Europe...
               | 
               | The EU is the biggest exporter of food next to the US.
               | Much of the world is going to be affected.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | > I expect some major support programs will be put in place
             | to address this. And it will probably involve a bit of
             | money printing.
             | 
             | One of the two Tory lunatics^Hhopeful candidates for PM
             | confirmed there's not much they can do to ease the energy
             | price crisis without creating a massive hole in the British
             | budget. But that's what countries will have to do, and it's
             | not going to be pretty.
             | 
             | The Western world just went on a massive printing spree two
             | years ago because of COVID, a further temporary injection
             | of capital and 2008 will pale in comparison to the next
             | recession.
        
           | locallost wrote:
           | No, we agree here. I'm not trying to minimize the impact.
           | Factories will shut down, leading to job loses, shortages
           | which will again cause inflation etc.
           | 
           | But we can't change that anymore. What we can do is build
           | more capacity.
        
             | sofixa wrote:
             | > Factories will shut down, leading to job loses, shortages
             | which will again cause inflation etc
             | 
             | Not necessarily. The same thing (forced closures of
             | factories) was handled gracefully without job losses during
             | the pandemic through various unemployment schemes. I see no
             | reason why the same can't happen again.
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Those schemes are responsible for tremendous inflation
               | which is part of the reason why energy prices are high
               | compared to incomes today. There is no free lunch.
        
             | origin_path wrote:
             | There is obviously another option that people don't want to
             | point out - start buying Russian gas again. The idea
             | they're resisting to sell it is wrong. There's a whole
             | pipeline lying idle ready to go the moment sanctions are
             | lifted.
             | 
             | People are acting like this is a natural crisis. It's not,
             | it's an artificial one created by political choices. This
             | will lead to political extremism as voters realize they are
             | freezing or bankrupted because politicians like "standing
             | with Ukraine" more than they like their own citizens. Not
             | every politician will be like that. Some will say, we send
             | weapons and it's not our war anyway. Citizens first,
             | foreigners second. And suddenly that will be mainstream
             | politics.
        
               | anticristi wrote:
               | > start buying Russian gas again
               | 
               | I'm afraid Europe bought a one-way ticket. Dependence on
               | Russian energy is no longer a hypothetical issue, but a
               | demonstrated concern. Freezing is not great, but giving
               | the thermostat back to Putin is worse.
        
               | timeon wrote:
               | > There is obviously another option that people don't
               | want to point out - start buying Russian gas again
               | 
               | What I think is more likely is that coal is back on the
               | menu.
        
             | pclmulqdq wrote:
             | We can also change policy to make sure we don't get into
             | this kind of situation again. We, as a world, don't seem to
             | want to do that.
        
         | kkfx wrote:
         | The only fast option is another: arrest those who control the
         | current energy market for crime against humanity and re-
         | nationalize the sector. Really. With them in jail FOR LIFE
         | other like them will do their best to avoid getting equally in
         | jails and States have nothing to deal with "prices".
         | 
         | For instance in France more than half of the national NPP are
         | offline due to needed maintenance the private owners postpone
         | at maximum to maximize their profit. Arrange the result take
         | time. Jail the aforementioned owners telling anyone in the
         | private sector that if they committed criminal business they
         | can choose to be silent and cooperative of face an equal fate
         | will suffice.
         | 
         | Private sector is THE SOLE responsible of the current prices,
         | they do not came from war or natural scarcity. Telling them
         | that "good times are passed" _for them_ not for the Citizens at
         | a whole as they want instead suffice for a quick U-turn since
         | they know they are unarmed.
         | 
         | Renewables can't be nor fast nor an option simply because the
         | sole that can live on them at unbearably high prices in the
         | actual market are single private NEW homes in places where p.v.
         | is effective enough and climate is not that cold. In a city, a
         | dense European one, there is no room for renewables to really
         | produce energy, you can only make some show for commercial
         | purposes. Oh, I say that as one who actually have built a new
         | home five years ago, with p.v. and small lithium backup, so to
         | speak.
         | 
         | The quickest way is one: telling those who profit that revenge
         | sentiments start to be in the air and they will FAIL to ride
         | them to push a new hoax this time. However since people are not
         | in that mood, actually many have thirst for blood but not for
         | positive actions energy giants and their public friends are not
         | startled at all. That's is.
        
         | Tenoke wrote:
         | Should I panic enough in Germany to be wise to consider moving
         | away? Where as a European?
        
           | 323 wrote:
           | > _Looking for a change of scene?_
           | 
           | > _Russia's "beautiful women, cheap gas, and traditional
           | values" await you, according to a bizarre new video shared by
           | a Russian embassy._
           | 
           | > _The 53 second clip urges foreigners to "move to Russia" by
           | listing the country's supposed virtues._
           | 
           | https://www.euronews.com/travel/2022/08/01/beautiful-
           | women-a...
        
             | anticristi wrote:
             | On a tangent, I read that 500 Russian soldiers die daily.
             | Given that they are 19-22 old, I expect a huge gender
             | disbalance in the coming generation. So yeah, pressure on
             | Russian women to be "beautiful" (whatever that means to the
             | dating market) will increase. Kind of cynical to advertise
             | a self-fulfilling prophecy.
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | You should definitely not move countries due to a post in
           | hackernews.
        
             | Tenoke wrote:
             | I'm hardly hearing about the electricity issue in Europe
             | only from a single HN post.
        
           | kzrdude wrote:
           | Time to go to Tromso. Forget about autobahn or even seeing
           | the sun in the winter. Time for us to emigrate in northern
           | norway where the electricity is still cheap.
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | Yes, move to Dubai, it's the most stable part of the world
           | right now, and you aren't going to freeze.
        
           | tuukkah wrote:
           | To a house that is not heated by direct electricity (nor by
           | gas), or to one where you have installed some other source of
           | heating such as heat pumps or district heating.
        
             | legulere wrote:
             | What do you think the heat pump and district heating runs
             | on? Heat pumps still need electricity and district heating
             | is often using gas.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | It's not a gas vs no-gas issue - if you need much less
               | gas for the same size house, then you have removed most
               | of the impact on you.
        
               | tuukkah wrote:
               | These don't mean you'd be completely de-risked, but your
               | electricity bill will be a fraction of what it would be
               | otherwise and you'll end up relatively well off.
               | 
               | My district heat comes from a giant heat pump that
               | extracts energy from waste water etc. Some other typical
               | district heat sources are biomass and coal. If it's
               | typical to rely on gas, perhaps check that they have a
               | plan to convert to some other energy sources if needed.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | Mine in Copenhagen runs mostly from 'waste' heat from
               | electricity production and waste incineration.
               | 
               | The price (last time I checked) is the same as last year.
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | Actually for Sunday the day-ahead prices look quite low:
         | https://energy-charts.info/charts/price_spot_market/chart.ht...
        
         | Sevii wrote:
         | No you would only add capacity if you thought the long term
         | trends supported it. Building large power generation facilities
         | is expensive and takes time. If prices go back to normal in the
         | spring those new builds could end up as massive money losers.
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | Bottlenecks are:
         | 
         | - Planning permissions take too long
         | 
         | - Solar panels and especially inverters are hard to get
         | 
         | - Labour to install is scarce. Electricians give you
         | appointments next year.
        
         | jillesvangurp wrote:
         | We're not screwed. We're just witnessing the accelerated death
         | of the fossil fuel based power generation industry and it's
         | making renewable power extremely lucrative. Prices are high
         | because of gas prices. Except it's August and Europe is
         | producing a lot of solar power and a fair bit of wind power.
         | That's why there are no blackouts. There is no power shortage;
         | just a gas shortage. Europe has plenty of reserves to generate
         | power. It's just not going to be cheap to use those reserves.
         | The current crisis is not a capacity crisis but a fuel cost
         | crisis. Anybody who was complacent about renewables is going to
         | be paying the price for that this winter. Anybody who wasn't is
         | going to reap the rewards.
         | 
         | High prices for electricity and no production cost for
         | renewables basically means whomever produces using that is
         | making a lot of money right now. More than 5x of what they
         | could reasonably expect normally. Probably closer to 10x.
         | That's great news because that will be invested in even more
         | renewable power. Solar and wind are the closest thing to a
         | perpetuum mobile that you can get right now.
         | 
         | Electricity prices are high because all the gas and coal
         | production is being kept at a minimum rate because of the high
         | cost of fuel. Companies still in the business of burning that
         | have to pay such high prices for fuel that it's cheaper for
         | them to shut down operations. Unless they are absolutely needed
         | in which case they'll charge for the fuel cost of course.
         | 
         | However, most of Europe is relying on renewables and topping up
         | gas supplies for the winter instead. E.g. Germany hit their 80%
         | reserves target ahead of schedule a few days ago, So, any gas
         | plant that doesn't absolutely have to be on right now has
         | probably been idling for months. No reason to turn those on.
         | 
         | The reason France has a tough few quarters ahead is that quite
         | a few of their aging nuclear power plants are down for
         | maintenance right now. They'll be importing power from abroad
         | and probably at high rates. A perfect little storm of overdue
         | maintenance and an international gas/oil market that suddenly
         | shifted. They'll be fine. But it will cost them.
        
           | badpun wrote:
           | > We're not screwed.
           | 
           | Are you sure? Is Europe technically capable of importing
           | enough gas to offset what is no longer coming from Russia?
           | Our abilities to import natural gal from outside UE (LNG
           | terminals and pipelines) have limited throughput - not to
           | mention, someone needs to be willing and able to fill them
           | with gas first.
        
             | Sakos wrote:
             | We're currently importing far more gas than we did before
             | the war.
             | https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=52758
        
           | locallost wrote:
           | I agree with all that, but in the short term things are going
           | to be very expensive. As I already wrote, I see it as an
           | opportunity to do what you said - ditch fossil fuels for
           | good. There's no point in doing anything else, like whining.
           | But if you think the landing will be anything other than
           | rough, then we'll have to disagree.
        
             | pydry wrote:
             | Currently the only feasible thing that is going to make
             | enough difference is to buy gas from Russia again.
             | 
             | Everything else is something we should have done 5 or even
             | 15 years ago so as to not end up in this position.
        
               | adventured wrote:
               | Announce a $1 trillion nuclear build-out plan for the EU,
               | to build at least 50-60 new nuclear power plants. Go big,
               | really big, and get started on it soon. Why can't Europe
               | go Manhattan Project / Apollo big for such a critical
               | matter? It's cowardice, a lack of daring, if they choose
               | not to. They have the expertise, they have the financial
               | capability, they are lacking the will (so far).
               | 
               | To an extent you can scare markets into providing cheaper
               | prices in a variety of ways.
               | 
               | That goes for scaring Russia, which is still living in a
               | fantasy bubble about the context. They do not believe the
               | rest of Europe can or will become independent of their
               | supply.
        
               | pydry wrote:
               | >Announce a $1 trillion nuclear build-out plan
               | 
               | Ready in 10-20 years.
        
               | mk89 wrote:
               | > Announce a $1 trillion nuclear ...
               | 
               | Do you know who is in charge in Germany?
               | 
               | The greens, which don't even want to extend the usage of
               | 3 of the 6 available nuclear plants (supposed to "slowly"
               | shut down at the end of this year).
               | 
               | And now you come and say "hey sorry but we need more
               | nuclear reactors"? Sure. Much better to go to countries
               | which are barely respecting human rights, bow and buy
               | their fuel and gas, because finally who cares, we don't
               | see what they do in their countries.
        
               | AshamedCaptain wrote:
               | > Do you know who is in charge in Germany? The greens
               | 
               | ... No ? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bundestag
        
               | mk89 wrote:
               | The greens are part of the current government, I wonder
               | what's not clear about the previous message?
        
         | boshomi wrote:
         | Eye watering French power prices:
         | 
         | * Baseload from nov22 to feb23 above 2000EUR/MWh
         | 
         | * Peak Load nov22 to dec22 at 3000EUR/MWh
         | 
         | * Peak Load Q1/23 at 2970EUR/MWh
         | 
         | But the prices for other nations also went up steeply.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.eex.com/en/market-
         | data/power/futures#%7B%22snipp...
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | France has a shitload of nuclear capacity and low dependence
           | on gas. Why is their energy rising so much?
        
             | konschubert wrote:
             | Because their nuclear power plants are currently going
             | belly up one after another.
             | 
             | Many of them are the same model, with parts from the same
             | factory. That factory made some bad parts. They need to be
             | exchanged. It takes a lot of time, many months.
        
               | paraboul wrote:
               | This is not entirely true. Some power plants are just
               | coincidentally under planned maintenance.
        
               | jakewins wrote:
               | Also significant capacity loss from plants unable to run
               | in droughts, since they rely on cooling water that has
               | now dried up.
               | 
               | Nukes reliant on Loire valley water are currently
               | curtailing production.
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | > Nukes reliant on Loire valley water are currently
               | curtailing production.
               | 
               | That's old information, the Loire is back up to normal
               | levels after the last two weeks of rain, so nuclear power
               | plants should be operating as before.
        
               | boshomi wrote:
               | Production continues to fall so far: https://energy-
               | charts.info/charts/power/chart.htm?l=de&c=FR&...
        
             | boshomi wrote:
             | Only 23GW out of 60GW of French nuclar power capacity is
             | working.
        
             | czottmann wrote:
             | Heat wave. The water used for cooling the plant is usually
             | released into nearby rivers which due to the current heat
             | waves are too hot already; to avoid the rivers boiling &
             | dying the power plants can't release any more water. No
             | cooling possible, and the plants have to put in standby.
             | 
             | At least that's my understanding of the situation.
        
       | whatever1 wrote:
       | Nice! Feel now the benefits of marginal pricing.
       | 
       | Where 90% of the electricity producers make profits out of
       | nowhere, just because some inefficient folks had to provide the
       | 10% of missing energy.
       | 
       | Like Saudi Aramco and Chevron, they will post record profits,
       | without lifting a finger.
        
       | jontro wrote:
       | Each country has more than one zone. Also the rate varies hour by
       | hour
        
         | JohnTordur wrote:
         | Not Germany, they have single price zone which is absolutely
         | insane. Denmark has two and is much smaller.
        
           | biehl wrote:
           | It makes sense for Denmark to have two, as each of them is
           | connected to different larger markets and have limited
           | interconnection between each other.
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | It also makes sense for Germany to have at least two, since
             | North and South are very different in terms of production
             | and consumption but have limited interconnect. Any fix for
             | that is endlessly blocked by NIMBYs who don't feel the cost
             | of their decisions.
        
             | kzrdude wrote:
             | Western half of Denmark is on the european/continental
             | synchronous grid and the eastern half of Denmark is on the
             | nordic synchronous grid.
        
             | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
             | It would also make sense for Germany but they don't want
             | two zones. That also causes issues for connected countries.
        
               | kzrdude wrote:
               | Sweden doesn't want more than one zone either, but was
               | forced into it.
        
           | legulere wrote:
           | Luxemburg also is in the same zone as Germany and Austria
           | used to be too.
        
       | thomond wrote:
       | They have an incomplete dataset, I wonder why PT and IE is
       | missing?
        
         | thdespou wrote:
         | Lol can't see Ireland
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | lorenzotenti wrote:
       | What are the main causes for these differences? And why Italians
       | always manage to be first in the worst ranking?
        
         | wewxjfq wrote:
         | Italy has a high percentage of gas power plants and also relies
         | heavily on imported electricity from France.
        
         | peoplefromibiza wrote:
         | > And why Italians always manage to be first in the worst
         | ranking?
         | 
         | in this specific case 3 reason:
         | 
         | - Italy relies on natural gas, we had long standing
         | relationships with Libya and Algeria for that, unfortunately
         | France bombed Libya to kill Gheddafi (to claim control of the
         | area mainly) and that destabilized the area [1]
         | 
         | - Italy relies on close countries to buy electricity,
         | especially France. Now that they have switched off nuclear
         | plants, electricity from France costs more.
         | 
         | - we are in electoral campaign, elections are next month, a
         | good chunk of the right wing political landscape supports (or
         | doesn't strongly oppose) Putin, they hope that by creating an
         | energy crisis in Italy, people will vote for them. Which is
         | probably what's really going to happen, for Putin's delight.
         | [2]
         | 
         | [1] WikiLekas has a lot of documents on it, it's also one of
         | the interventions that costed Hillary Clinton the elections.
         | 
         | [2] https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/08/10/italy-election-
         | russia-u...
         | 
         | EDIT: I understand that on HN people don't like political
         | opinions, but these are not my opinions. added notes.
        
         | skrause wrote:
         | The main causes are the gas crisis and the fact that France has
         | shut down around half of its nuclear reactors due to corrosion
         | and cooling problems, so Germany now has to burn even more gas
         | and coal for electricity exports to France.
        
         | halper wrote:
         | Limits on transmission capacity. If the cables had been bigger,
         | costs would have been more or less the same.
        
       | kkfx wrote:
       | Consider a thing: prices are MEANINGLESS, really. At a certain
       | point people will revolt, simply. The revolt might be ride or not
       | but the actual profiteers (or some puppets, who appear
       | adversaries to many people's eyes but that's just theater, like
       | the actual far-right movements) but it will happen. At that point
       | PP will simply run depending on their technical capacity, no one
       | will talk about price or consumption in different terms.
       | 
       | That's an old classic we already see at the start of '900 where
       | the level of rapacious businesses and corruption reach a break
       | point. To save themselves in skin the failed profiteers choose to
       | push nazi-fascism with success, apparently those dictatorship was
       | a new and different beast but in reality they just makes the
       | public actions needed to keep a country run, leaving profit to
       | the private, for some time. The profit part makes the game last
       | little time, a war was needed (see Ucraine and Taiwan next), and
       | after the war a new start. It's a cycle who can last until or all
       | the world became capitalist in the same way and so there is
       | nothing left to steal or we simply have depleted enough resources
       | to be unable to survive as a modern civilization or for some
       | miracles people decide that enough is enough REALLY and act
       | positively instead of destructively, something almost never
       | happened reading the history.
        
       | scottmcdot wrote:
       | From the perspective of a retail electricity customer, would
       | knowing this help reduce your bill?
        
         | liversage wrote:
         | In Denmark electric power consumption of homes have decreased
         | by 10% in 2022. Apps that provide the variable hourly rate
         | today and tomorrow are increasingly popular, and they are used
         | to plan the best time to perform tasks that require
         | electricity.
         | 
         | https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/penge/danskernes-stroemforbrug-er-...
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | Only if it makes you decide to use less electricity.
        
       | fontanka16 wrote:
       | Sweden is divided in four areas with huge price differences
       | between them (20x) , due to bottle necks in the network and very
       | few electrical plants in the south of Sweden where most people
       | live.
       | 
       | https://www.elbruk.se/
        
       | bitL wrote:
       | I've read somewhere that Czechs (day ahead price of 463EUR/MWh)
       | produce electricity at 0.1EUR/MWh, then sell it to an exchange in
       | Germany and buy it back for the "market" price. Somebody over
       | there is getting extremely rich for no reason and I am wondering
       | why nobody is doing anything about it...
        
         | consp wrote:
         | Purely speculative but sounds more like greenwashing to me:
         | sell grey energy on market at loss, buy back mixed or even
         | green due to some loophole, collect subsidies which cover the
         | difference or even more.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | You must have omitted something in your example because it
         | makes no sense.
         | 
         | >Czechs produce electricity at 0.1EUR/MWh
         | 
         | so far so good. Now you have -0.1EUR and 1MWh of power.
         | 
         | >then sell it to an exchange in Germany
         | 
         | suppose the market price is 400EUR. after selling it to an
         | exchange you have 399.9EUR and 0 MWh of power
         | 
         | >and buy it back for the "market" price.
         | 
         | so you buy it back at the market price. Now you have -0.1EUR
         | and 1MWh of power. That leaves you off... in the same position
         | as step 1? What's the point in selling it to the exchange and
         | buying it back?
         | 
         | Moreover, I don't see anything interesting happening here. You
         | can replace "electricity" with "oil" and you basically describe
         | how petro states work (ie. pump oil out of the ground, sell it
         | on the global market for far more than it costs for you to pump
         | it out of the ground).
        
           | redleader55 wrote:
           | There are several energy markets, not just one. The most
           | energy is bought and sold on private contracts on very long
           | term. Then there is the "next-day" market, which is what this
           | app shows. Then there is an hourly market to match instant
           | demand and supply variations.
           | 
           | It is possible Czech producers sold energy to Germany for a
           | very low price a few years ago on a let's say 5 year contract
           | which is still valid. Now Czech Republic needs to buy at a
           | high price the energy from Germany because it cannot meet its
           | own demand. Again, this is speculation on how that could
           | work.
        
           | tgv wrote:
           | That would be two different people/organizations.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | chii wrote:
           | the OP meant that the producer is allowed to sell to the
           | higher priced exchange, rather than being forced to sell it
           | at a low price to the consumer. Therefore, the OP is assuming
           | that someone at the exchange is going to profit nicely
           | without having done any work by arbitraging the sale of
           | electricity.
        
             | im3w1l wrote:
             | I'm guessing that the missing variable is "cost plus"
             | pricing for consumers? By selling the electricity on the
             | market and then buying it back they can increase the price
             | for consumer.
        
         | rndgermandude wrote:
         | >I've read somewhere that Czechs (day ahead price of
         | 463EUR/MWh) produce electricity at 0.1EUR/MWh
         | 
         | No, that's entirely unrealistic. 0.1EUR per KWh is realistic,
         | so my guess is that you misremembered the units. The price per
         | MWh would then be 100 EUR. But not even that is realistic
         | anymore for the Czech Republic, given they produce most energy
         | from fossil fuels[1], and the prices recently have skyrocketed.
         | 
         | Now you may ask why they'd be selling to an exchange and buying
         | it back for more (if that actually happens to a degree that
         | matters). One reason is of course profit. Although one must not
         | confuse the production price with the final consumer price or
         | even the exchange price. Production is one thing, getting the
         | power to where it's needed is another thing, accounting, taxes
         | and so on.
         | 
         | Another reason for putting it into exchanges, is that they
         | might at times produce more than needed, so selling off excess
         | production seems somewhat reasonable as the kind of plants they
         | are running cannot be started and stopped at will. At other
         | times, they might not be producing enough, and then need to buy
         | at exchanges.
         | 
         | It's not as easy as assuming somebody is just grabbing a lot of
         | money. Although some money grabbing is most likely part of the
         | answer as well.
         | 
         | Germany is selling energy as well, by the way. Germany has thus
         | far net exported around 20 TWh this year[2]. The entire energy
         | need of Germany is around 540 TWh per annum. That would suggest
         | Germany (thus far) has exported a little over 5% of it's energy
         | production to other European nations in this crisis year. It
         | may have something to do with France currently having
         | temporarily shut down 32 of its 56 nuclear reactors[3], with a
         | net 10 TWh being exported from Germany in the direction of
         | France. And it probably has something to do with Germany
         | producing a lot more energy than it needs when the sun is
         | shining and the wind is blowing nicely.
         | 
         | The Czech Republic on the other hand exported 6 TWh net to
         | Slovakia and another 4 TWh to Austria. But in turn Slovakia
         | exported almost 9 TWh to Hungary[4].
         | 
         | That is to say... it's complicated.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.iea.org/countries/czech-republic
         | 
         | [2] https://www.energy-
         | charts.info/charts/energy/chart.htm?l=en&...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.france24.com/en/france/20220825-france-
         | prolongs-...
         | 
         | [4] https://www.energy-
         | charts.info/charts/import_export/chart.ht... (might be lagging
         | behind a little)
        
         | mechagodzilla wrote:
         | That would almost certainly be the price per kilowatt-hour, not
         | megawatt-hour, which would make a MWh ~100EUR. Anybody that is
         | getting rich on the energy markets right now is either because
         | they're better at betting on future energy prices than their
         | rivals, or they have the ability to produce electricity when
         | demand for it is extraordinarily high (both of which would
         | qualify as 'a reason').
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | Thanks, will need to find the source again and see if it was
           | indeed 0.1/kWh and not MWh (talking about production costs at
           | a cheaper country with nuclear power plants fully paid for in
           | the past).
           | 
           | EDIT: Just found out production costs from another source:
           | 
           | Dukovany Nuclear Power Plant - 20.31EUR/MWh
           | 
           | Temelin Nuclear Power Plant - 34.52EUR/MWh
        
             | jdross wrote:
             | 10 cents for a megawatt of electricity is an unheard of
             | marginal cost in any situation.
             | 
             | your local costs in the US range from 5-25 cents per
             | kilowatt hour (1/1000 of that), with ideal solar being the
             | cheapest amortized at roughly 3 cents/kwh
        
               | bitL wrote:
               | I just cross-checked the source and the claim by one of
               | their members of parliament was the price was 0.25CZK/MWh
               | which is ~0.01EUR/MWh in fact.
        
               | ravel-bar-foo wrote:
               | This suggests that either the MP is incorrect, or they
               | were misquoted, or some sort of accounting shenanigans
               | are going on (infrastructure costs already paid for,
               | etc.)
        
               | bitL wrote:
               | One of those for sure. My guess is that the MP was trying
               | to score with their voters and bent the numbers.
        
         | olddustytrail wrote:
         | I've read somewhere that Earth has 4 corner simultaneous 4-day,
         | and that was from the wisest man on earth.
         | 
         | Best not to believe everything you read :)
        
         | ISL wrote:
         | Assuming that these statements are entirely true (sibling
         | comments suggest otherwise), then "somebody over there" had the
         | foresight or luck to install generating capacity ahead of
         | tremendous demand.
         | 
         | If they hadn't done so, someone else might be getting even-more
         | rich (per kWhr) by charging higher prices across an even wider
         | geography.
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | Those nuclear power plants were built during communism there
           | so nobody had any kind of foresight.
        
         | dmw_ng wrote:
         | That very much sounds like you're calling for the collapse of
         | the integrated european energy market. This is not meant as an
         | attack on you, just an observation that these nationalistic
         | calls will continue growing louder from every part of the
         | continent, and it is not even September yet. Already Norway has
         | publicly commented on the possibility of rationing exports.
         | 
         | We have yet to even scratch the surface of the effects of this
         | crisis
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | During the time of energy crisis why would the integrated
           | energy market be the highest priority? Is it more important
           | to trade, or to keep economy running utilizing whatever local
           | advantages available?
        
             | dmw_ng wrote:
             | That is true, and why not also ignore the frictions created
             | by a single currency, free movement of labour and people,
             | or the harmonization of judicial systems during times of
             | crisis. Surely under such strain, it is only fair that
             | Germany no longer subsidizes Italian public debt, institute
             | border controls for the transport of gas and oil,
             | eventually instituting controls for all energy-derived
             | products of any kind where a pricing inefficiency is being
             | exploited by any neighbour. It would mean Putin responded
             | to our sanctions by destroying 70 years of European
             | cooperation, and doing so without even so much as firing a
             | single bullet.
             | 
             | Energy _is_ the economy, and the failure of an integrated
             | energy market means the failure of so much more.
        
               | bitL wrote:
               | That sounds like a fallacy of composition. Energy market
               | is just one part of the whole and right now a very weak
               | part. Capping the profits/restructuring the market
               | temporarily would benefit the whole more than keeping
               | running the same old approach that is literally
               | destroying the economy right now.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | There is an energy crisis across all regions of Europe;
             | disrupting trade may help some places but hurt others much
             | more and would make it worse in aggregate, so EU treaties
             | prohibit that.
             | 
             | I mean, whenever electricity is being exported at high
             | cost, that high cost is an indication that this other place
             | has it even worse; and blocking trade would make
             | electricity cheaper at the exporting place, but cause a
             | larger spike (and possibly even blackouts with the
             | associated economic disruption) at the importing place and
             | also remove the economic incentives to increase surplus
             | production at places who can do it cheaper than others.
        
               | bitL wrote:
               | That's in theory; in practice there is a bunch of
               | resellers that are making crazy amount of money due to
               | "merit pricing" that makes sense in a stable market, but
               | not now. The places you mention are much worse off than
               | by a simple price ceiling per electricity type.
        
           | avgcorrection wrote:
           | This is really a contentless comment. It sounds like they are
           | doing something that you deem problematic and nefarious
           | according to your own ideology? So what?
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | That doesn't happen.
        
         | epolanski wrote:
         | You either accept capitalism and free market or you don't.
         | 
         | I don't like it but if that's the system we need to accept the
         | pros and cons.
        
         | blibble wrote:
         | that's the advantage of the Single Market
        
         | capableweb wrote:
         | > why nobody is doing anything about it
         | 
         | > I've read somewhere
         | 
         | Before wondering why someone, somewhere is not doing something,
         | confirm that the thing is actually happening in the first
         | place.
        
           | neverrroot wrote:
           | This. Exactly this. Truth is old school.
        
           | thrwaway9871 wrote:
           | Not Czech but how it works here:
           | 
           | * I choose energy provider x
           | 
           | * Friend has bought a part of those remote solar plants and
           | also connected to provider x
           | 
           | * Friend sells his surplus energy to provider x at low price
           | 
           | * Provider x can now sell the power to:
           | 
           | a) His customers (me), and make next to nothing
           | 
           | b) Sell it to the international grid and make bank, then
           | proceed to buy energy for me at going rates making me foot
           | the whole bill.
           | 
           | Guess what happens, and who gets rich. This is market
           | liberalization at work. You reap what you have sown.
        
             | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
             | >Friend sells his surplus energy to provider x at low price
             | 
             | Sorry if this is a dumb question but why can't he sell at
             | the going rate for international grid?
        
               | maxerickson wrote:
               | The grid operator won't make an agreement to move a
               | little bit of power that is advantageous to the small
               | producer.
               | 
               | So in essence, because they can't get it there.
        
               | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
               | Sounds like they're exploiting their monopoly over the
               | connections that small producers need.
        
               | maxerickson wrote:
               | Sure, more or less. But there are real costs and
               | financial costs of getting the power to the other market,
               | and they are probably being forced by regulation to buy
               | the power at all (prices won't always be tipped in the
               | one direction).
        
           | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
           | I have no clue about Czechia but that's basically happening
           | in Austria. Austria mainly produces energy from renewables
           | which did not go up in price buy since the price on the
           | exchanges is determined by the most expensive source we still
           | pay exorbitant prices. Producers are making all the money
           | right now.
        
             | paganel wrote:
             | It has been happening here in Romania for more than a
             | decade now, our previous president even called them out as
             | "the smart guys from the power industry" (where "smart" was
             | used in a derogatory way), of course that nothing came out
             | of it all.
             | 
             | There were also a couple of curious deaths happening in the
             | industry (the head of our State-owned hydro company, who
             | died in his late 30s, the local boss of a power utility,
             | who just threw himself from his balcony), but nothing came
             | out of that, either.
             | 
             | Most probably part of the huge proceeds end up in the
             | accounts connected to our intelligence agencies (the heirs
             | of the former Securitate, which have split into several
             | agencies after 1990).
        
               | mbg721 wrote:
               | Is that a recoil from the Eastern-Bloc era worship of
               | intellectuals, or is it completely separate, or something
               | else? Americans are often accused of undervaluing people
               | who pursue intellectual professions and propping up "Joe
               | the Plumber," which is why I ask.
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | I think it dates to before WW2, it's the spirit of "he
               | was smart enough to fool the State/those in command, he
               | deserves all our respect".
        
             | balderdash wrote:
             | The marginal cost of production didn't go up for
             | renewables, but that's not the price setting mechanism, the
             | Austrian people demanded more electricity than renewables
             | could provide, so the price rose until it was high enough
             | to justify turning on the gas fired plants and where the
             | Czechs and Germans would be willing to sell power to the
             | Austrians...
             | 
             | Also the people that are "making all the money" now that
             | power prices are super high, stood to loose money if power
             | prices were super low, why shouldn't they be compensated
             | for bearing that risk?
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | > the Austrian people demanded more electricity than
               | renewables could provide, so the price rose until it was
               | high enough to justify turning on the gas fired plants
               | and where the Czechs and Germans would be willing to sell
               | power to the Austrians...
               | 
               | That's not what is happening. If Austria was an isolated
               | market the prices were significantly lower at the moment.
               | But I would not want to separate the markets just because
               | it works out better to us at the moment.
        
             | tomp wrote:
             | By "producers" of course you mean "those producers that
             | invested in sovereign energy sources (nuclear, solar, wind,
             | ...)"
             | 
             | Sounds like good investments are paying off, and bad
             | investments (Germany collaborating with Putin despite
             | Trump's prescient advice & mockery) are not.
             | 
             | Capitalism at it's finest! Too bad average people are
             | paying the price, but in democracy, that's literally what
             | they voted for (non-sensical top-down EU bureaucratic green
             | energy mandates, instead of investments into better tech &
             | bottom-up sovereign energy investments).
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | I'm not sure what you are trying to say. The reasons for
               | the energy prices have nothing to do with any European
               | bureaucracy. If anything more investments into green
               | energy would have put us into a better position.
        
               | google234123 wrote:
               | The European bureaucracy is what dismantled all the old
               | cheap energy production and forced massive investment and
               | massive subsidies in renewable energy that can't actually
               | cope with the real load.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Isn't the inability of _nuclear_ plants to keep
               | production up part of the problem? If anything, the
               | screwed up electricity markets in Germany killed oil and
               | gas plants by favoring flexible production costs. And
               | there it is solar /eind followed by hydro and coal on
               | third. Germany even built new coal plants, the latest of
               | which didn't get a legal construction permit and thus
               | operations oermit in the first place. Bad
               | environmentalists, paid by Putin to push for _any_ energy
               | source other than gas for electricity!
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | The drivers of high prices are broken nuclear power
               | plants, high gas prices due to a war and record draughts
               | causing issues for hydro. None of these are caused by
               | European bureaucracy.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | To use your words, Germany already collaborated with the
               | good old old communist USSR under Brechnev. Thing is, so,
               | Germany isn't using Russian gas (which was delivered
               | reliably since the 60s) to produce electricity but for
               | heating, industry and chemicals.
               | 
               | Funny, I remember when we had similar discussions about
               | _negative_ electricity prices and people mockes those
               | capital intensive legacy producers. Well, history is so
               | old and context too complex to bother if polemism does as
               | well.
        
             | chii wrote:
             | which would give more producers (and wana-be-producers) the
             | incentive to invest in renewables to take a piece of that
             | profit pie.
             | 
             | Doesnt seem like a bad outcome tbh.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | Considering most Europeans won't be able to afford
               | electricity and there is no increased investments into
               | renewables as a result of this insanity it looks like an
               | abysmal outcome. In fact it's so bad that very likely it
               | will slowly set into motion all kinds of bad workarounds
               | that will utterly destroy the economy.
        
               | seydor wrote:
               | Wait, if they invest too much, then natural gas will not
               | be needed, and prices will steeply fall. So better not
               | invest (too much), right?
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | OK, what's the truth then? I am not an expert on this, though
           | just today I saw some LinkedIn post of some trader explaining
           | merit price on energy market and in the chart the nuclear
           | power was two orders of magnitude cheaper than gas/combined
           | power but the final price was at the level of gas/combined
           | power.
        
             | agarsev wrote:
             | In Spain (and according to a sister comment, in Austria
             | too, so maybe it's EU-wide) the price of every MWh is set
             | by the last MWh that enters the market (apparently it works
             | like an auction). The last to be sold is the most
             | expensive, thus renewables are being priced like combined
             | due to this rule. In fact there was some scandal in Spain I
             | seem to remember because apparently energy companies were
             | doing the expected according to the incentives set, which
             | is manipulating production so that combined is _always_
             | used, increasing profit by doing nothing.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | hhjinks wrote:
           | No idea about the Czech, but that's exactly what's happening
           | in Norway. Due to trade agreements with the EU, we can not
           | discriminate between national and EU customers when selling
           | electricity. To be completely accurate, we aren't selling on
           | a German exchange, we're selling on local ones, but those
           | local exchanges are experiencing price pressure from EU
           | customers due to export capacity recently being increased due
           | to the completion of several new power cables to the EU and
           | UK.
        
             | DIARRHEA_xd wrote:
             | The grandparent could have done a better job explaining
             | what she meant. You've explained it much better. EU rules
             | forbid discrimination between domestic and EEA customers in
             | electricity markets. Therefore, any _significantly_
             | interconnected country to the rest of the EU will have
             | similar prices.
             | 
             | Countries like Norway, which have abundant, cheap,
             | generation, are paying EEA prices in its highly
             | interconnected bidding zones (NO1,NO2). The next few
             | months, if prices persist, are likely to see lots of
             | pressure from Norwegians to curtail exports (i.e. close off
             | transmission capacity to EEA). This would significantly
             | decrease prices for Norwegians, but damage the EU's
             | integrity. The same can be said of other countries with
             | abundant, cheap generation that are suffering the
             | consequences of other EEA countries' actions w.r.t their
             | electricity supply.
             | 
             | I say this as a supporter of the EU, but the integrated
             | electricity market's future is in peril this winter.
        
           | ohgodplsno wrote:
           | EDF, the French electricity provider is able to produce
           | electricity at about 20EUR/MWh. It is forced to sell it to
           | leeches (read: "competition"), up to 100TWh, at 42EUR/MWh
           | through a mechanism called ARENH. Should they need this
           | 100TWh (and they do), they are forced to buy it at current
           | market prices, or anywhere between 530 and 715EUR/MWh.
           | 
           | The "competition" are resellers that have not installed a
           | single MW of production, essentially leading to starving what
           | used to be the most talented and biggest energy producer in
           | Europe, all under the pretense of the free market. The
           | resellers are actively dropping clients so they do not have
           | to not buy on the open market.
           | 
           | It is happening, and is happening with the blessing of our
           | leaders just greasing billionaire pockets.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Enron was in the wrong market!
        
             | bitL wrote:
             | OK, you have confirmed my worries there is some well-
             | connected mafia operating in that market.
        
             | legulere wrote:
             | Can they produce electricity though? Half their nuclear
             | reactors are down.
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | Because of delayed checkups caused by COVID, and thanks
               | to the independence of the ASN who could unilaterally
               | stop the plants to fix unplanned corrosion. Most of them
               | are starting to come back up, and 90% of usual production
               | is planned to be back by December.
               | 
               | Or, said in other ways, it took an extremely rare event
               | that lasted long enough to throw off plans that are made
               | on the scale of years, in addition with a bit of bad
               | luck, and lasts a few months. I'd say they damn well can
               | produce electricity in normal times, yes. But indeed,
               | their need to buy electricity is compounded by that.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | > It is forced to sell it to leeches
             | 
             | By whom?
        
               | ohgodplsno wrote:
               | EDF is owned at 80% by the state, and the state has
               | instituted the ARENH through law. Needless to say, EDF
               | not going into this would mean someone else is replaced
               | at the head and it still goes on. It's a classic starve
               | the beast play.
        
           | mirko22 wrote:
           | Don't know about other countries but several people were
           | arrested today in Croatia cos of similar business practices:)
        
         | fest wrote:
         | Some politicians in Latvia are using the same rhetoric: our
         | hydro plants have a production cost of 0.1x/MWh, but nordpool
         | price is xMWh. Somebody is stuffing their pockets!!
         | 
         | What they don't say is: some of our hydro plants are being
         | maintained and the rest are capable of generating a fraction of
         | country's needs. Sure, some of the money goes to small
         | privately owned plants, but the most goes to large state-owned
         | plants, who are (ideally) using the money to upgrade their
         | equipment and the rest goes to government as dividends, which
         | will probably be spent to support heating expenses in winter..
        
           | anticristi wrote:
           | I was starting to wonder the same. Are prices essentially
           | going up, filling state coffers, so that politicians can
           | promise subsidies to voters? What a weird way to make cash
           | flow.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | If you could make electricity for 0.1EUR/MWh, you're going to
         | get quite rich anyway. (That cannot be the right cost.)
        
           | bitL wrote:
           | IIRC they are mostly using nuclear power plants, i.e. from
           | cheap Russian fuel rods stockpiles.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | The estimate of western nuclear generation is around 330x
             | the cited figure.
             | 
             | https://www.nei.org/news/2018/cost-of-nuclear-generation-
             | rea...
        
             | himinlomax wrote:
             | Fuel is an insignificant part of the cost of nuclear.
        
               | bitL wrote:
               | Even for nuclear power plants built 40 years ago and
               | already fully paid for/amortized?
        
               | epolanski wrote:
               | Yes, operational costs are still the huge factor.
        
         | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
         | That's how a market works. You say "Czechs" but it's Czech
         | producers and Czech consumers (respectively) making those
         | transactions. Where the market is situated is irrelevant.
         | 
         | If you're making electricity that cheaply right now you are
         | indeed getting rich, and so you should.
         | 
         | The market is what is doing something about it. Prices will
         | moderate over time as inefficient producers are pushed out and
         | as consumers reduce their usage due to high prices.
        
           | mandmandam wrote:
           | > Prices will moderate over time as inefficient producers are
           | pushed out and as consumers reduce their usage due to high
           | prices.
           | 
           | Electricity isn't optional. "The market" didn't make water,
           | or housing, or waste, or healthcare, or telecoms, etc,
           | cheaper once privatized. In fact, it didn't make _energy_
           | cheaper in the countries that privatized it.
        
             | beebeepka wrote:
             | "You just don't understand the market."
             | 
             | Any sufficiently big scam can waived away with "the market
             | has spoken". It's like a religious belief
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >Electricity isn't optional
             | 
             | food isn't optional either. How well did nationalized food
             | production work out?
             | 
             | >"The market" didn't make water, or housing, or waste, or
             | healthcare, or telecoms, etc, cheaper once privatized.
             | 
             | I can get the source for each of those claims? Some of them
             | seem dubious, eg. housing. Was housing ever not privatized?
             | 
             | >In fact, it didn't make energy cheaper in the countries
             | that privatized it.
             | 
             | well if we're talking about "energy" in general (ie. not
             | just electricity), I can point out a counter-example of
             | PDVSA going to shit after it was nationalized.
        
               | mandmandam wrote:
               | Many successful governments subsidize food production and
               | delivery in many, many ways. Your talking points are
               | tired and debated to death; mostly by people who don't
               | actually have much interest in learning anything and
               | would rather invent straw-men to pwn.
               | 
               | If you really want to challenge your view, I'm sure you
               | can read a book that lays it out better than I could in a
               | quick YC comment.
               | 
               | For example, here's Chomsky's take:
               | 
               | "Privatization does not mean you take a public
               | institution and give it to some nice person. It means you
               | take a public institution and give it to an unaccountable
               | tyranny. Public institutions have many side benefits. For
               | one thing they may purposely run at a loss. They're not
               | out for profit. They may purposely run at a loss because
               | of the side benefits. So, for example if a public steel
               | industry runs at a loss it's providing cheap steel to
               | other industries. Maybe that's a good thing. Public
               | institutions can have a counter cyclic property. So that
               | means that they can maintain employment in periods of
               | recession, which increases demand, which helps you to get
               | out of recession. Private companies can't do that in a
               | recession. Throw out the work force because that's the
               | way you make money."
        
               | KptMarchewa wrote:
               | You talk of OP's tired points - which I agree with - then
               | cite Chomsky... can both "stupid extreme capitalism" and
               | "stupid surrender leftism" be put to rest finally.
        
               | mandmandam wrote:
               | I have no idea what "surrender leftism" is supposed to
               | mean, in relation to Noam or otherwise.
               | 
               | However, if we'd paid a little more attention to Noam's
               | points about war (clandestine and overt, economic and
               | military) and the media a few decades ago, we the people
               | would be tens of trillions of dollars better off.
               | 
               | Millions of brown skinned folk would still be alive, tens
               | of millions wouldn't have had to become refugees, and
               | South America would be immeasurably better off.
               | 
               | If you have some kind of beef with Chomsky I suggest you
               | take it up with him; I hear he's quite good at responding
               | to people.
        
               | merely-unlikely wrote:
               | You missed the step where the public institution gets
               | broken up into many smaller private competitors who are
               | then incentivized to provide better/cheaper service to
               | gain marketshare. The Soviet Union missed that step too
               | when it collapsed. Monopolies are trouble whether private
               | or public. Unfortunately, energy markets have a tendency
               | to be dominated by local monopolies of both the public
               | and private variety.
        
           | bsaul wrote:
           | Rules for this market are a lot more complex than a
           | straightforward producer / consumer one though. That give a
           | lot of room for biased / non-optimal behaviors
           | 
           | For example, only gaz-based electricity producers << needs >>
           | to be paid such a high price. Nuclear or renewable would be
           | perfectly fine with much lower price.
           | 
           | Or, if we had not one market, but one market per type of
           | energy used to produce electricity, we would also have a <<
           | market driven >> pricing, however the end-result would likely
           | be much much different.
        
             | toast0 wrote:
             | There's one market for grid delivered electricity because
             | within the grid, electricity is mostly fungible. There's
             | details of course, but if I need X kW @ 240VAC to run my
             | house, business, or factory, my equipment doesn't care if
             | it's from wind, solar, nuclear, or lemon batteries, as long
             | as it's within the specifications, well synchronized and
             | continuous.
             | 
             | There's some amount of market preference for different
             | generation types, but that's a small portion of the load,
             | so it's handled outside of the grid operation marketplace.
             | It's also true that grids with limited interconnection have
             | separate markets.
             | 
             | You could run a grid on a cost plus basis, but you lose the
             | benefits of market economics as well as the negatives.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | stuchl4n3k wrote:
         | It's only partly true and the difference is not that extreme.
         | The reason for this is simple: (to my knowledge) in EU
         | electricity is traded via central stock in Germany. See e.g.
         | this debunk article https://www.irozhlas.cz/zpravy-
         | domov/overovna-energie-elektr... (Czech national radio / in
         | Czech)
        
       | pveierland wrote:
       | Current spot price in northern Norway is EUR10.16/MWh, while it
       | is EUR745.08/MWh in southern Norway (73x the price), largely due
       | to limitations in transport networks between the electricity
       | zones. The price in the northern zone is so low that some hydro
       | plants have stopped producing electricity as they would be losing
       | money at the current price level.
       | 
       | https://www.skandiaenergi.no/dagens-spotpriser/
       | 
       | Electricity Maps has an excellent visualization showing
       | breakdowns of each electricity zone, with imports/export to each
       | neighbor zone etc:
       | 
       | https://app.electricitymaps.com/
        
         | pojzon wrote:
         | Ive tried to explain this issue to EVs fanatics, but nobody
         | listens.
         | 
         | Anytime you mention energy transmision issues - you get total
         | backlash.
         | 
         | We wasted EU money on pointless stuff while we could have
         | upgraded our transit cables etc.
        
           | kitbrennan wrote:
           | Neither investment in EVs and repairing transmission issues
           | live in isolation and both can be invested in at the same
           | time. Solving one issue might also help solve the other (e.g.
           | charging EVs can occur at non-peak times which balances
           | energy demands, and in future EVs could be used as batteries
           | to discharge into the grid during peak times).
        
           | spaceman_2020 wrote:
           | Germany's obsession with solar and wind is absolutely
           | baffling. It takes very little to know that Germany simply
           | does not have the conditions for large scale solar.
           | 
           | Yet it was pushed so heavily in lieu of nuclear power.
           | Absurd.
        
             | MomoXenosaga wrote:
             | In an ideal world countries like Spain and Greece invest in
             | solar but they're completely incompetent. So you get the
             | absurd situation that the Netherlands is European leader in
             | solar energy lol. Most densely populated country in Europe
             | has solar parks for fuck sake.
        
               | kyriakos wrote:
               | I live in Cyprus which experiences sunshine almost 365
               | days a year and has an isolated power grid from the rest
               | of the world. We also suffer from the incompetency of
               | Greece and Spain but I believe solar parks are not the
               | solution. Building solar parks is a waste of land which
               | could be used for other purposes (agriculture for
               | example). A much better solution is to ensure every
               | single building has solar panels on its roof. Until
               | recently there was no incentive or motivation for this
               | but during the past 6 months with increasing electricity
               | costs there has been a shift to PV to the point that cost
               | of setup has almost doubled but people are still
               | installing them. We're heading in the right direction but
               | it will take years for energy independence.
        
               | victornomad wrote:
               | Spain has the 3rd installed capacity of solar power in
               | Europe[1] and 2nd position in wind power[2]. It could be
               | much better but also much worse :)
               | 
               | The previous government in Spain halted lots of funding
               | for new power plants but as far as I know there is a lots
               | of projects going on now. I expect to see a significant
               | increment in the next years.
               | 
               | Also, in the Netherlands most of solar is installed in
               | roofs, while in Spain is almost anecdotal. The previous
               | government made difficult for individuals to install
               | solar at home. Now that's gone but there is no subsidies,
               | so individuals have to pay most of the installation from
               | their own pockets, which are much more shallow than the
               | dutch.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_the_Euro
               | pean_Un... [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power_i
               | n_the_European_Uni...
        
               | v4dok wrote:
               | Your comment is flame. You really don't believe that
               | competence is the only reason solar/wind didn't scale up
               | right? If you remember, those countries were/are almost
               | bunkrupt, since 2010 or so. Where would these massive
               | investments come from? I mean the north didn't even want
               | to move away from Russia, certainly they wouldn't care
               | for funding solar in Greece, Spain or Italy.
               | 
               | The "Green new deal" however is a step in that direction.
               | But IMO its theatrics. EU money to buy green German cars
               | and green German infra with no plan on longevity or
               | strategic change. Truth is, that if EU wanted energy
               | independece, they could have it many years now. Be it
               | nuclear or Mediterranean natural gas (the same gas now
               | Israel is going to sell to EU).
               | 
               | Not that the respective governments are competent. They
               | are not, thats a given. But the "competent" part of
               | Europe is only so in a stupidly myopic level.
        
               | bostik wrote:
               | From what I've read, in Spain there was for a long time
               | (may still be?) pretty effective/expensive legislation
               | _against_ installing solar panels anywhere. Reason?
               | Regulatory capture, with energy companies lobbying hard
               | against anything that might weaken their position or
               | profiteering opportunities.
               | 
               | I wouldn't call that necessarily incompetence. Corruption
               | and cronyism, yes.
        
               | gordaco wrote:
               | Yes, for a few years we had what was popularly called
               | "Sun tax" in order to disincentivise people from
               | installing solar panels in their homes. It was removed in
               | 2018, though.
               | 
               | Although corruption was probably present, I would say
               | that this kind of politics is precisely what we would
               | expect from _pro-business_ parties (in this case, the
               | People 's Party). They do have a long history of
               | eschewing environmental policies as soon as any big
               | company has money to lose because of them.
        
               | iso1631 wrote:
               | The EU could have invested in solar in Greece, Italy and
               | Spain and Cyprus and interconnects further north, and
               | likewise offshore wind in Denmark, pumped storage in
               | Sweden, Austria and Greece
               | 
               | But it failed in securing energy resilience. I hope it
               | has learned its lesson.
        
               | victornomad wrote:
               | I don't think is that easy as doing it in the game city
               | skylines :)
        
               | iso1631 wrote:
               | We choose to be energy independent, not because it will
               | be easy, but because it will be hard
               | 
               | HVDC interconnects are not hard. We have them already.
               | Allocating land isn't hard, it's a law in the Spanish
               | parliament.
               | 
               | It just requires political will to survive. Which
               | apparently isn't a thing people have.
        
               | malepoon wrote:
               | > Most densely populated country in Europe has solar
               | parks for fuck sake.
               | 
               | I don't know how much is from solar parks? About 20% of
               | all houses in the Netherlands have solar panels according
               | to some sources so that adds up.
        
             | number6 wrote:
             | Nuclear isn't going well for France right now. And most of
             | the EU uran comes from Russia
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | Yeah but nuclear fuel can be sourced from elsewhere - it
               | does not have the steep physical barriers of nat gas. And
               | any existing nuclear power issues can be solved.
               | 
               | The amount of sunlight your receive, however, will always
               | be the same.
        
               | number6 wrote:
               | How do you solve that the rivers are too hot to cool the
               | reactors to produce more energy?
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | We have built reactors in literal deserts, but the
               | cooling system needs to bw different ofcourse
               | 
               | https://min.news/en/tech/30bdf6748162428883857d361132e177
               | .ht...
        
               | voqv wrote:
               | This meme has to end, there's only one nuclear power
               | plant in France (Blayais) that has no cooling towers, and
               | another 4 have to occasionally throttle power output due
               | to ecological concerns (used water is too hot, they
               | currently have temporary exceptions).
        
               | pyrale wrote:
               | The water is never too hot to cool the reactors, it's too
               | hot to release back into the river, for environmental
               | reasons. Evaporative cooling solves that problem, but
               | then you "lose" water, which is never great in a heat
               | wave.
               | 
               | A nuclear plant using sea water never stops due to heat
               | waves, because it can dilute any amount of hot water.
        
             | makomk wrote:
             | Meanwhile over here in the UK, the press is blaming the
             | energy crisis partly on the fact that our government didn't
             | spend loads of money on solar and onshore wind like
             | Germany. We're even worse situated to benefit from solar
             | than they are. (The renewable program here is mostly
             | focused on offshore wind, which is the least-bad option
             | given our geography, plus attempts at nuclear that are
             | widely criticized by the press as wastes of money given how
             | much cheaper onshore wind and solar are.)
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Britain is the best position country in Europe for wind
               | and tidal power.
               | 
               | There was a project to pay down cable to import reliable,
               | cheap 24/7 power from Iceland and hobernment said 'nah'.
               | They also cancelled a 340 MW tidal project
        
               | throwaway2037 wrote:
               | Real question: What is the largest tidal power
               | installation in the world? Why do we see so little of it?
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | We don't see large tidal power installations because they
               | are not every economical so far. In theory there's a lot
               | of energy to be won, but the salt water causes corrosion
               | issues, and maintenance gets expensive quickly
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | on the other hand its 100% reliable and needs no fuel,
               | does notndepend on drought, etc.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | I think there's a 2MW test turbine off Scotland which I
               | think is the biggest in the world.
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-north-east-orkney-
               | she...
               | 
               | Just not as cost effective as wind, which got to
               | piggyback of onshore turbine development.
        
               | Freestyler_3 wrote:
               | But the UK has HVDC line to norway right?
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | Is wind power even worth the investment? From disposal
               | issues to wind turbines killing birds and bird habitats
               | to sheer unreliability, wind seems to have a ton of
               | issues.
        
             | raverbashing wrote:
             | And yet, right now, solar is 20% of the electricity on the
             | grid in Germany. Wind is 15% (per the electrictymaps app)
             | 
             | Sure it would be better if it was a sunnier place, still...
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | You should see how much they've invested in solar to hit
               | that mark, and how much capacity is being unutilized
        
               | teamonkey wrote:
               | Maybe _you_ could show us with a source?
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | This is a good one:
               | 
               | https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/german-
               | failure-...
               | 
               | Essentially, there's plenty of installed solar capacity
               | but most of it can't be utilized fully unless its a
               | perfect day. So you have to essentially rely on backup
               | and keep installing more and more solar capacity beyond
               | your needs because those perfect solar days are so rare
               | in Germany.
               | 
               | This shouldn't be a surprise to anyone who has ever spent
               | even two days in Germany - the country isn't exactly
               | brimming with sunlight.
        
               | imhoguy wrote:
               | And how much all that solar equipment garbage is going to
               | be disposed soon.
        
               | raverbashing wrote:
               | Top utilization of solar was approximately 25% of the
               | installed base today
               | 
               | At the same time, 49% of nuclear in France is being used
               | today and 62% of nuclear in the UK
               | 
               | So, it's "bad" but not everything is used 100% all the
               | time
        
               | spaceman_2020 wrote:
               | The thing is, on a perfect day, Germany has enough solar
               | capacity to fulfill almost all of its electricity needs.
               | 
               | But that perfect day is rare, largely because of
               | Germany's climate.
               | 
               | So you have a situation where you have to essentially
               | install over 100% of your needs in solar. You're
               | overspending for suboptimum results.
        
               | megablast wrote:
               | Or you could tell us.
        
               | atemerev wrote:
               | It would be even more better if they didn't close their
               | nuclear power plants. I am still shocked how sad and
               | untimely this decision had been.
        
               | wongarsu wrote:
               | It wouldn't change much in this map, German nuclear
               | plants always had cooling issues in hot summer. No open-
               | loop cooling to prevent water from getting too hot for
               | the fish, and plants capable of closed loop cooling
               | eventually get issues with the river's water level.
               | France has the same issues right now with their nuclear
               | plants.
               | 
               | Winter is of course a different issue
        
           | pornel wrote:
           | Backlash is probably because such argument can sound like
           | "better give up on EVs and go back to ICE" rather than "let's
           | invest more in the energy infrastructure".
           | 
           | If you call people fanatics, they won't believe you're making
           | a good faith argument.
        
           | vorpalhex wrote:
           | California has to shut down their grid occasionally just
           | because it's in such poor repair that wildfires are a risk. I
           | can't imagine how they are going to handle everyone getting
           | EVs.
        
             | gibolt wrote:
             | Solar and distributed storage help fight this. A
             | significant amount of charging off peak also actually
             | reduces the load, making things more reliable and cleaner.
             | 
             | Fire related grid shutdowns are usually hyperlocal, meaning
             | the few who need to charge during that time can just run a
             | town over. (keep in mind that EVs can be charged just less
             | than once a week for average use)
        
               | iso1631 wrote:
               | EVs are literally distributed storage, a Tesla Model S
               | has a 90kWh battery -- that's enough to run the owner's
               | house for 3 days.
        
             | chrisseaton wrote:
             | In most places electricity cables are buried. In California
             | they have them blowing around in the trees so they start
             | fires.
        
               | formerly_proven wrote:
               | Street-level and medium-voltage distribution, sure, but
               | nobody wants to bury 100+ kV lines unless they really
               | have to, because it's hugely expensive and also has much
               | higher losses.
        
               | mbreese wrote:
               | This isn't true. In most places I've been, electrical
               | lines have all been elevated on poles. Where I currently
               | live, there is a pretty intensive line clearing program
               | each spring to keep the lines clear. Even in places where
               | house level lines were buried, the middle transmission
               | lines were still elevated.
               | 
               | And I believe all high voltage transmission lines are
               | above ground.
               | 
               | The difference is that California historically has fire
               | prone conditions. It's not like the rest of the country
               | is doing something different and California has done
               | something inherently wrong. It's that California did what
               | the rest of the country was doing, but without conditions
               | to support it.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | > This isn't true.
               | 
               | Most countries don't have regular residential streets
               | with power lines up in the air.
        
               | grandmczeb wrote:
               | The fires are mostly caused by large transmission lines
               | outside of urban areas, not local lines on residential
               | streets.
        
               | chrisseaton wrote:
               | For example https://eu.usatoday.com/story/money/nation-
               | now/2018/10/15/pg... - these are normally buried
               | elsewhere.
        
               | Freestyler_3 wrote:
               | No, not all high voltage is above ground.
        
           | Reason077 wrote:
           | The transmission issues will be solved: more and more HVDC
           | interconnections start construction in Europe every year.
           | Grids that still rely heavily on coal and natural gas can,
           | and will, be improved.
           | 
           | An EV bought today will only get cleaner as the grid gets
           | cleaner. A new fossil-fuel vehicle today will always be
           | dependent on fossil fuels, and will always pollute at least
           | as much as the day it was purchased.
        
             | 01100011 wrote:
             | This response is correct. Be sure to forward it to the
             | folks in the EU this winter when they're unable to charge
             | their cars or heat their homes.
             | 
             | We should be thinking long term, but we can't forget about
             | the present and the path to the glorious future. I think in
             | hindsight we'll soon admit that we botched the transition
             | to a greener world and caused needless suffering by putting
             | ideologies before engineering.
        
             | foxhill wrote:
             | even if it ran on gasoline created from carbon dioxide
             | extracted from the atmosphere?
        
               | zionic wrote:
               | That gasoline wouldn't be an energy source, it'd be an
               | extremely crappy battery.
               | 
               | Far better to just send the power via grid to an EV @95%
               | then toss 60% or more of it to make a gallon of gas
        
               | foxhill wrote:
               | it's a more practical solution for right now though. we
               | can't expect the world to switch its entire
               | infrastructure overnight, or even quickly. yes, the rich
               | nations might get a head start, but they represent such a
               | small fraction of emissions.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | >yes, the rich nations might get a head start, but they
               | represent such a small fraction of emissions.
               | 
               | Not really for automotive emissions. The US alone
               | accounts for almost half the world's road CO2 emissions.
        
               | foxhill wrote:
               | and automotive emissions account for ~10% of all CO2
               | emissions. 20% if you want to include _all_ transport
               | (e.g. sea shipping, planes, etc.)
               | 
               | there's been a lot of media attention on how individuals
               | need to make an effort to beat climate change, but the
               | reality is that industry is the only sector able to make
               | a meaningful impact.
        
               | marcinzm wrote:
               | This thread is discussing EVs vs gasoline so not sure why
               | you're changing the topic suddenly.
        
               | foxhill wrote:
               | apologies, i don't understand. you seemed to suggest cars
               | are a significant contributor to CO2 emission.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Its not practical. The extra energy costs act like a high
               | tax.
               | 
               | It might make sense, for a while with aircraft, or for a
               | classic car that rarely gets used, but would be too
               | expensive for developing nations to use when they have
               | other options. They'd save lots of money by using the
               | same energy directly in newly built (or converted) EVs.
        
               | imhoguy wrote:
               | Exactly or simply biogas/biomethane as fuel.
        
               | adrianN wrote:
               | We don't have perfectly impact-free ways of creating
               | energy. So using less energy to achieve the same goal is
               | always better. And carbon dioxide is not the only
               | pollutant that cars emit.
        
               | martinko wrote:
               | we dont have any way of 'creating' energy
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Technically correct but missing the point.
               | Conventionally, burning things, PV, wind, etc. are all
               | classified as "creating energy" even if it makes
               | thermodynamics pedants unhappy.
        
             | peteradio wrote:
             | How many neighbors on a block of houses can have
             | simultaneous charging?
        
               | iso1631 wrote:
               | There's 10 houses on my street, if every house had 2 cars
               | and each drove 50 miles a day at 3 miles per kWh, and the
               | cars are parked 10 hours overnight, that's 3kW per house
               | 
               | As we can all boil a kettle (3kW), or have a shower
               | (10kW), or cook a sunday roast (5kW), and indeed do those
               | at the same time, it's not a problem.
        
               | adrianN wrote:
               | All of them? The typical car is moved less than 100km per
               | day and is parked upwards of twenty hours a day. With a
               | kilowatt or two you car charge the car.
        
           | zionic wrote:
           | I'm just exhausted from arguing with the electrically
           | illiterate.
           | 
           | HVDC makes transmission from state to state trivial at almost
           | no loss. We should have a national HVDC grid so that a breeze
           | in Texas might power a toaster in Connecticut.
           | 
           | Instead we have another $XX Billion for Ukraine. Another $13B
           | here for a new carrier we'll never need etc etc. So much
           | waste everywhere while fundamental problems go unsolved.
        
             | Mikeb85 wrote:
             | Literally the whole West's defense spending for the last 70
             | years has been to counter Russia. Supporting Ukraine is the
             | single most cost-effective thing any Western government can
             | do right now...
        
             | trasz wrote:
             | If you don't help Ukraine, the reborn Soviet Union would
             | become a valuable asset to China. You probably don't want
             | to happen.
        
             | atemerev wrote:
             | The fall of Ukraine will mean the beginning of the new
             | Soviet Union (but even _more_ evil), and most probably a
             | world war, so it should be prevented at all costs possible.
             | Not event to mention that the invasion is plainly evil, and
             | should be repealed.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | It's not a matter of cost, there's no political desire for
             | a national HVDC grid so that a breeze in Texas might power
             | a toaster in Connecticut - Texas has explicitly refused
             | connecting to the rest of the country for many years.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Cost is a bit of a problem: each HVDC edge costs a lot,
               | hence why it's used almost entirely for long distance
               | point to point links.
               | 
               | Maybe that will come down over time?
        
         | rypskar wrote:
         | Limitations in transport capacity is only one part of it, a
         | large part is that the northern zone have had rain most of the
         | summer, much more than usual, while the south have had a dry
         | summer. We did basically get all the rain the rest of Europe
         | have been missing this summer
        
         | unyttigfjelltol wrote:
         | All energy problem reduce to problems of energy transportation.
         | We have a huge fusion reactor in the sky. The challenge is
         | capture and transit. The problem is not incidental; it's
         | fundamental.
        
           | jotm wrote:
           | As long as people won't even try to install a solar
           | concentrator while bitching about rising prices, I won't take
           | any of them seriously.
           | 
           | Such a simple design, can be used for at least heating water
           | for 3-6 months. But nah.
           | 
           | Same for which the roofs. You don't have a white/silver roof
           | on your house? Fuck you.
           | 
           | On that note, you like cruise ships? Also fuck you.
        
             | inglor_cz wrote:
             | "You don't have a white/silver roof on your house? Fuck
             | you."
             | 
             | I am one of your fuckees. The house I bought was expensive
             | enough as it was. I am not changing a brand new dark roof
             | for a different one for an exorbitant price right now,
             | because budget. A perfectly new roof going down (isn't that
             | actually waste?) for saving, say, 10 of 30 days when the AC
             | is really needed?
             | 
             | (I am also not even sure if roof colors are regulated by
             | the local authorities or not. There are over thirty houses
             | in the same project, with the same roofs. Maybe I wouldn't
             | even be allowed to.)
        
               | jotm wrote:
               | Then it's not your fault.
               | 
               | I'm talking people building or renovating and then
               | bitching about expensive AC. Talk about idiotic.
               | 
               | I'm in a town where more than half the roofs are black.
               | BLACK! It has been over 30 degrees and sunny for two
               | months of summer. Guess what complaints I kept hearing?
               | 
               | Reflective paint helps in summer much more than it hurts
               | in winter.
               | 
               | But beyond that, I just hate people going "Reeee we need
               | to do something about the climate change" who do
               | absolutely nothing themselves.
        
               | Freestyler_3 wrote:
               | dark roof helps on cold days right?
        
               | boulos wrote:
               | You don't have to replace the roof. You can coat it in a
               | white, "elastomeric" paint like [1]. Each bucket can do
               | about 450 sq ft (40 sq m) and is ~$100 for the supplies.
               | 
               | In California, roof _color_ isn 't regulated, but
               | reflectivity (or rather energy absorption) is by Title
               | 24. You're basically required on new construction to have
               | a fairly efficient roof.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.homedepot.com/p/Henry-4-75-Gal-Acrylic-
               | Reflectiv...
        
               | megablast wrote:
               | Exactly, why should you replace your roof to save the
               | planet?? Screw the planet.
        
             | kkfx wrote:
             | I have a new all-electric home and a p.v. system with
             | lithium storage, ALSO living in a sunny place (French Alps
             | of the south, in altitude) I'm FAR from being autonomous.
             | But really far.
             | 
             | If I want to go fully autonomous I have to spend in
             | batteries like the same price of a Lamborghini, for zero
             | re-sale value, to be demolished in 10 years in theory, in
             | practice more likely 7-8 years if I use them with
             | significant daily important DOD. I also doubt we are even
             | able to produce enough battery and panels to everyone. And
             | I'm not alone: https://www.economie.gouv.fr/files/files/dir
             | ections_services... essentially the governmental, non-
             | interested report state: we can't run on renewable. That's
             | is.
             | 
             | What I'm curious is another thing: why some on a
             | technically sound community like HN with certain topics
             | became totally partisan of this or that topic at fanatic
             | levels. It's not you, it's a trend I see in the last months
             | at least, for various topics: anytime there is a post with
             | a neoliberal agenda hot topic such behaviors appear.
             | 
             | My honest review:
             | 
             | - I spent a very big amount of money to build a new home,
             | witch will not pay back ever in monetary terms, only pay
             | back in comfort terms;
             | 
             | - I spent more for renewables NOT because they are
             | ecological (they are pollutant) but as a protection against
             | future disruption I imaging we will suffer, again in
             | economical terms money dumped to the bin;
             | 
             | - I'll spend more in the near future for an BEV because I
             | expect diesel/gasoline supply issues and artificially
             | skyrocketed prices.
             | 
             | The synthesis? Well: those who have done such investments
             | will be far less wealthy then before. Those who have not
             | done that or can't will be far poorer. Those who gain are
             | ONLY those who push such evolution for almost pure
             | financial reasons, not "green" at all in ecological terms,
             | green just in dollar and stereotypical toxic waist terms.
             | Since it's clearly NOT sustainable nor extendable on scale
             | the obvious results will be a very big disaster and another
             | global war.
        
             | stepbeek wrote:
             | > Same for which the roofs. You don't have a white/silver
             | roof on your house? Fuck you.
             | 
             | Why?
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | I think they reflect the sun and keep the house cool
               | without a lot of extra energy for air conditioning.
        
               | iso1631 wrote:
               | I don't need air conditioning, the 3 or 4 days a year it
               | gets hot enough that it's a problem I close the blinds on
               | the front and open the window.
               | 
               | I do need heating in the winter though.
        
             | icehawk wrote:
             | We were having a new roof put on house as a part of buying
             | one, and while we wanted white shingles, the only option
             | available was brown.
             | 
             | Circumstances might not be as simple as you you think they
             | are.
        
             | mrshadowgoose wrote:
             | "A person who doesn't live exactly according to my values.
             | Fuck that person!"
        
           | google234123 wrote:
           | A huge fusion reactor in the sky that isn't available in the
           | evening or when it's cloudy.
        
             | kwhitefoot wrote:
             | The sun is always shining somewhere. We need more
             | interconnects.
        
               | BuyMyBitcoins wrote:
               | The electricity never goes out on the British Empire! /s
        
               | andrepd wrote:
               | Global power transfers don't work due to losses. The
               | physics doesn't work out.
        
               | Reason077 wrote:
               | Tell that to the proposed EuroAsia link (Greece-Cyprus-
               | Israel) [1], or the proposed Australia-Singapore link
               | [2]. Interconnector are getting longer and longer with
               | each new generation.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EuroAsia_Interconnector
               | 
               | [2] https://www.powerengineeringint.com/smart-grid-td/td-
               | infrast...
               | 
               | The electrical loss through HVDC cable is approximately
               | 3% per 1000 km of cable, far less than with AC grids. The
               | physics do work out, the only real barriers are economics
               | and politics.
        
               | candiodari wrote:
               | Exactly, just like always before: only interconnects
               | through oceans work because otherwise one government is
               | entrusting its fate to another. In the best case that
               | ends with countries paying tax to other countries'
               | governments, in the worst case that ends in war.
        
               | atlasunshrugged wrote:
               | Or it ends with a third government cutting the cable and
               | massively disrupting the other two
        
               | kwhitefoot wrote:
               | A 3000 km HVDC interconnect loses only 10%. See
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-voltage_direct_current
               | 
               | The physics works out just fine. Where did you get your
               | information from?
               | 
               | See also:
               | 
               | "On the technology front we have covered significant
               | ground in the past two decades. We have raised power
               | capacity from 50MW to more than 1,400MW aEUR" enough to
               | power several million households. We have enhanced
               | voltage levels from 80kV to 525kV, thereby increasing
               | distance capability from 70km to over 1,000km. And at the
               | same time we have continually brought down transmission
               | losses which are now at less than 1 percent."
               | https://eepower.com/news/abb-doubles-hvdc-capacity-and-
               | celeb...
        
               | worldwideants wrote:
               | Can I return this Tesla resonator or at least exchange it
               | for the powerwall?
        
               | boshomi wrote:
               | HVDC enables long-distance transmission with low losses:
               | 
               | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331959599_A_comp
               | reh...
               | 
               | https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/building-
               | a-2... (2 billion seems too cheep)
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Global power transfer (~2e7 meters) with current standard
               | HVDC cables would lose 64%, which is still worth doing.
               | 
               | The cables are designed for crossing relatively small
               | bodies of water such as the Mediterranean or the North
               | Sea, and can be tweaked for more efficiency if the goal
               | is to cross the Pacific Ocean, but even without that, it
               | would still work.
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | Where is the space mirror?
        
               | hardlianotion wrote:
               | You mean the orbital death ray?
        
               | agumonkey wrote:
               | Well I was simply trying to light up the other side of
               | the planet, but if you want to concentrate it to a small
               | area..
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | When it's shining on the Pacific, there's not a lot of
               | landmass.
               | 
               | The rest of the day works though.
        
               | imhoguy wrote:
               | Floating PV? https://www.pveurope.eu/solar-
               | modules/singapore-offshore-flo...
        
             | TheRealPomax wrote:
             | Remember that "transport" includes "to storage", which in
             | turn includes some of the most efficient batteries in the
             | form of connected reservoirs located at different heights
             | so that gravity does the discharging work.
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | Also remember that there is a limited supply of single-
               | use, liquid battery that was pre-charged long ago, but
               | unfortunately it's exhaust is hopelessly harmful.
        
               | hef19898 wrote:
               | Since, as of today, electriciry cannot be stored, but is
               | consumed the moment it is generated, we have all those
               | problems. Base and peak load, PV and wind being less (not
               | completely unusable as real life data shows) in line with
               | eletricity consumption... The list goes on. And that fact
               | is part of the reason why prices are going haywire.
               | 
               | Electricity isn't stored, it is consumed.
        
             | PheonixPharts wrote:
             | All energy on earth, baring geothermal, is ultimately solar
             | energy. Fossil fuels are just one, very efficient, form of
             | storing that energy.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Also nuclear and most but not all tidal.
        
             | matthewmacleod wrote:
             | _All energy problem reduce to problems of energy
             | transportation_
             | 
             | Don't make us tap the sign.
        
             | looperhacks wrote:
             | Does this matter if we could transport electricity from
             | somewhere not cloudy or evening ... -y?
        
               | Ekaros wrote:
               | Hmm, either trans-Atlantic or a country governments
               | blocked from global markets... Yeah, there might be some
               | issues with that solution.
        
             | [deleted]
        
             | bambax wrote:
             | It's always available _somewhere_ , so it is, in fact, a
             | transport problem.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | That's just a different problem we can't solve, either.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Multiple solutions are already known, some better some
               | worse. It's politics and economics that's in the way, and
               | even then the world is changing.
        
               | kkfx wrote:
               | I'm honestly curious about a thing, that might sound not
               | so in-topic, but that is, actually: HN is supposed to be
               | a technically sound community, however when someone post
               | about some trendy neoliberals-related topics a certain
               | part of the community instead of remain technical start
               | to be partisan, sometimes at fanatic levels.
               | 
               | The in-topic part is for instance about p.v.: if you
               | think a global electricity grid as a solution you dream
               | something that seems to be logic, if you are a manager
               | but is a totally crazy idea because we are not AT ALL a
               | global community. Even if some neoliberals call
               | themselves World Government [1] the reality is that we
               | are various States with different interests and NOTHING
               | at a certain scale can work simply because of that, any
               | other thing aside.
               | 
               | Not only: the idea that we have the production capacity,
               | substitution included, to build and run such monster is
               | another dream, with the same realism of those who say
               | "hey, I produce 130% of my consumption from p.v.". It's
               | an old classic of those who "try and fix on the go", who
               | typically create hyper-big disasters and survive thanks
               | to those who do not work as them. If the entire world
               | take this path such a big fail will not be solved by
               | anyone.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.worldgovernmentsummit.org/
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | This is why, although I prefer a global power grid, I
               | suspect storage is going to be the main solution to
               | energy being wanted in a different time or place than it
               | is generated.
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | > _Multiple solutions are already known_
               | 
               | Care to link to some?
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | c. 1820s: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_conductor
               | 
               | c. 1869:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrolysis_of_water
               | 
               | 1897: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabatier_reaction
               | 
               | Antiquity or 1835: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirror
               | 
               | 1882: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-
               | voltage_direct_current
        
               | teddyh wrote:
               | Are you telling me that Sweden, a country of 10 million
               | people, which has wildly differing electricity prices
               | within that same small country1, could simply use _copper
               | conductors_ to solve this problem, but chooses not to for
               | _political reasons_?
               | 
               | 1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32618798
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | Yup.
               | 
               | Might not even be wrong to have made this choice, I can't
               | tell -- economics (which is an important part of
               | politics) is outside my domain.
        
               | lenkite wrote:
               | Just need to wait for Putin to conquer the world and
               | build Putin Pipes.
        
               | kkfx wrote:
               | Did you really think that the actual crisis is due to a
               | single man choice?
               | 
               | Try a small game, put PR and the emotion they push aside:
               | who need a war today? If you are honest you have to admit
               | that the most in need of a war are UK first, USA second.
               | UK need a war outside to avoid a civil war inside. Having
               | essentially lost their "empire" status they are simply
               | unable to live anymore. A war would compact people and if
               | won give resource of the looser. USA need a war for
               | similar reasons, mitigated by the fact that USA can
               | actually live on it's own, even alone, "only" correcting
               | it's crazy economy. Not easy at all, but technically
               | possible, so practically when crisis really bite.
               | 
               | China do not need, but like, a war. They have a hyper big
               | food issue, they need to conquer south America to eat. To
               | do so they need to overpower the USA. To do so they need
               | Russia's tech and natural resources, something Russia, a
               | China's historic enemy, do not like that much to share to
               | such a big & powerful giant.
               | 
               | Russia do not like a war at all. It's something that
               | impose agreements with China, imbalanced. EU similarly do
               | not need a war. It simply destroy EU itself due to the
               | lack of natural resources.
               | 
               | So the plan is? Well. USA declare it essentially in the
               | far 2004: https://www.dni.gov/files/documents/Global%20Tr
               | ends_Mapping%... oh, they are formally just acritical
               | prediction from the intelligence to the politicians. But
               | sounds really accurate. In more modern terms: https://www
               | .rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_briefs/R...
               | 
               | A bottomline: saying that UK and USA need a war means
               | their oppressive ruling classes need it, of course NOT
               | the people, unfortunately as most people in the world
               | those who do need the opposite of their ruling class are
               | the last to understand they are fighting for their own
               | enemy that's not those on the opposite front, but those
               | who march at their head.
        
               | StingyJelly wrote:
               | UK lost their "empire" status in early 20th century and
               | seems to be able to live without it. USA is oleophillic
               | in nature but definitely does not need war. So does
               | nobody else.
               | 
               | Russia may not like a war but Russia needs resources
               | since it wants to be the only store in neighborhood, and
               | unfortunately, Ukraine does have resources. War was not
               | expected outcome of the initial scare tactic but here we
               | are.
        
           | PheonixPharts wrote:
           | This is why the real magic of fossil fuels isn't the energy
           | they contain, but their energy density.
           | 
           | An efficient, large scale global economy is only possible
           | with incredibly high energy density (and easy to transport
           | and convert into usage energy) energy sources.
           | 
           | And, to your point, even global food supply is ultimately an
           | issue of transporting energy from the sun to human bodies
           | largely in the form of plant based carbohydrates. Human's
           | ability to expand around the globe is predicated on the
           | ability to transport the caloric requirements efficiently.
        
           | systemvoltage wrote:
           | Solar resource isn't equally distributed, particularly Europe
           | has poor potential: https://globalsolaratlas.info/map
           | 
           | Solar energy isn't the panacea that people make it out to be.
           | Where it is abundant, it makes sense. A lot of places do not
           | have that luxury, yet countries like Germany made foolish
           | investments in solar power which is 10% efficient compared to
           | its full potential in Southwestern USA.
        
             | hhjinks wrote:
             | The sun is responsible for a lot more of our energy than
             | just solar. Photosynthesis, wind, solar (of course), hydro,
             | are all energy sources that directly capture energy from
             | the sun, which we then use. Like the parent poster said,
             | it's about transportation. Sometimes nature does that
             | transportation for us.
        
               | systemvoltage wrote:
               | Absolutely, Sun is also responsible for oil and natural
               | gas if you stretch the horizon longer. Perhaps the only
               | source of energy we have not capture from the Sun is
               | nuclear, which may have been a result of supernova
               | explosions. This pedantry aside, Germany needs better
               | energy policy that is grounded in fundamental resource
               | economics, not driven by ideology/potitical will, but
               | with a stern look at their national energy security (or
               | lack there of) and secure it by the means that's
               | necessary.
               | 
               | Cost of energy has multitude of secondary effects on GDP
               | and food security; the importance of which cannot be
               | understated.
        
             | JW_00000 wrote:
             | Is an investment foolish if it has a positive ROI? I live
             | in Belgium, and even without subsidies and before the
             | current increases in electricity prices, solar panels had a
             | payback period of ~ 10 years (while they generally last ~
             | 25 years). Why would it be foolish to invest in this?
             | 
             | You say that they would be 10x as efficient in Southwestern
             | USA. But how would you transport the electricity from the
             | USA to Germany? Isn't that exactly the problem that the
             | previous commenter is pointing out? I.e. production is not
             | the problem, transportation is.
        
               | systemvoltage wrote:
               | It's an opportunity cost, particularly in Germany against
               | other RET investments such as nuclear/wind: https://www.s
               | ciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030142152...
        
               | pelasaco wrote:
               | last time that i checked, I couldn't find any nuclear
               | reactor to my home. I have however 8kwh solar panel on my
               | roof and I'm quite happy with that.
        
               | systemvoltage wrote:
               | That sounds cool. Hope you live in a sunny place.
        
           | RivieraKid wrote:
           | > The problem is not incidental; it's fundamental.
           | 
           | WTF does that mean?
        
             | bcrosby95 wrote:
             | I assume it's borrowing language from incidental vs
             | fundamental complexity in programming.
             | 
             | Fundamental is core to the problem, incidental is stuff we
             | add because of our imperfect solutions.
        
             | tsm wrote:
             | I would've said "it's an inherent problem, not just bad
             | luck this time".
        
             | Smithalicious wrote:
             | It's not an (isolated) incident, it's fundamental (part of
             | the foundation, a core part of) to energy management. What
             | that means is that the issue is expected; it's always been
             | an issue when dealing with energy and always will be.
        
           | pclmulqdq wrote:
           | Have people considered battery trucks? I don't mean battery-
           | powered trucks, but trucks full of batteries. It seems kind
           | of silly when you can use hydrogen or natural gas in your
           | trucks instead, but battery trucks may be the lowest-loss
           | form of long-distance electricity transport.
        
             | nixass wrote:
             | Why not then just charge batteries where you need them and
             | keep them at place for when the Sun goes to sleep? Why
             | would you transport batteries around?
        
               | pclmulqdq wrote:
               | Because some places have excess amounts of hydropower and
               | other places have huge energy shortfalls. Not everyone is
               | using solar/wind power. It is a pretty straightforward
               | arbitrage. I have no idea if it's worth doing, though.
        
               | yywwbbn wrote:
               | It's pretty obvious that it isn't at least not with
               | lithium batteries. They are way to expensive and heavy.
               | e.g. assuming an around 36 000 kg total payload the truck
               | would have to use up 1/3 of all the electricity it stores
               | just to travel around 600km. This combined with general
               | inefficiency of batteries and the extreme cost would make
               | it an absolutely terrible alternative to HVDC.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Some Battery train companies include this in their plans.
               | 
               | Even non Battery electric trains can speed up or slow
               | down at different points (while still staying on
               | schedule) to act as a variable demand for the local
               | grids. Batteries just extend that.
               | 
               | https://arstechnica.netblogpro.com/science/2021/11/can-
               | we-ru...
               | 
               | > The analysis becomes very interesting when the
               | researchers leave freight behind and start thinking about
               | what could be done with many big, mobile batteries. Even
               | without moving them, freight companies could use their
               | capacity to provide grid stabilization services or sell
               | back power when the price gets high. In extreme cases,
               | this system could actually pay for the entire
               | infrastructure.
               | 
               | > "Preliminary estimates of the most expensive 90 hours
               | per year in the ERCOT [Texas] market, for example, show
               | that batteries could be discharged at $200/kWh,
               | potentially generating enough revenue to pay for the
               | upfront battery cost in a single year," the study says.
               | 
               | > The batteries could also be moved to locations that
               | have been struck by power outages or natural disasters,
               | towed there by locomotives running on diesel instead of
               | draining the batteries.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | > Even non Battery electric trains can speed up or slow
               | down at different points
               | 
               | I want this for everything with a battery, it's own
               | internal thermal mass or things I don't need to complete
               | as quickly as possible.
               | 
               | E.g.: laptop, washing machine (clothes or dishes), dryer,
               | refrigerator, hot water heater, hvac, etc.
               | 
               | It just seems so underdeveloped on the consumer side.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Hot water heaters are the the low hanging fruit here.
               | Australian water heaters have been using overnight coal
               | power for decades with very basic systems.
               | 
               | https://es.catapult.org.uk/project/consumer-insight-
               | unlockin...
        
             | 411111111111111 wrote:
             | No, they're not.
        
             | xvedejas wrote:
             | Without thinking too hard about the efficiency, it's
             | clearly just not a _safe_ proposition with our current best
             | (most energy-dense per weight) batteries.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | Gasoline has much more energy density per weight than
               | batteries, and we truck that around all the time.
        
               | xvedejas wrote:
               | Gasoline isn't self-oxidizing, so you can put out a
               | gasoline fire (instead of just "letting it burn"). Also
               | gasoline doesn't burn at 2000C, I believe.
        
               | yywwbbn wrote:
               | Right. That's one reasons why transporting electricity by
               | truck is a terrible idea.
        
               | 323 wrote:
               | There are regular train/truck transports with much more
               | dangerous and volatile chemicals than lithium.
        
               | eptcyka wrote:
               | The current dangerous transports are not nearly as widely
               | deployed as battery trucks would be required to be to be
               | viable.
        
             | vorpalhex wrote:
             | Batteries are heavy. The heavier you are, the more power
             | you need to move. This is why almost all battery based
             | truck designs are very short range.
        
         | stark98 wrote:
         | Are there any plans to build an infrastructure to connect both
         | networks? It seems like a great idea in the current situation
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | Would be cheaper to build wind power.
           | 
           | The reason the southern areas have high prices is because
           | they are connected to other markets.
           | 
           | Connect the northern stuff better and it'll equalise the
           | price but not substantially. High cost low gain compared with
           | cheap new wind generation.
        
           | Hanschri wrote:
           | A political issue with this is that Northern Norway has been
           | exempt from the 25% VAT as one of many measures to make
           | living in Northern Norway more attractive. Until now the cost
           | of power in both north and south has been pretty much the
           | same, meaning people in power zone NO4 have paid about the
           | same price for power, but not the VAT.
           | 
           | But now that the price has gone up by such an enormous amount
           | in the south, connecting north and south will not reduce the
           | price in the other zones, it will likely just cause NO4 to go
           | up to the same level as in the rest of Norway. This is mainly
           | due to the NO4 being basically not connected to the the
           | synchronous grid of Continental Europe, while the other
           | regions are to a much larger extent due to underwater cables
           | going to the UK, Denmark and Germany. This means that the
           | price of power in Europe directly influences the price of
           | electricity in NO1-3, but not NO4. At least not to the same
           | extent, although Sweden makes a killing buying cheap power
           | from NO4 and selling it to mainland Europe, or even straight
           | back to southern Norway. As such, connecting NO4 to the rest
           | of Norway and by extention the European grid, would not be
           | very popular in the north, but to be fair, the price increase
           | has not exactly been popular in the south either.
           | 
           | The industry in Norway is highly electrified and some sectors
           | are very energy intensive, such as aluminium production,
           | which due to using electrolysis, runs almost entirely off the
           | grid. Manufacturing used almost 37% of all power consumed in
           | Norway in 2017, with power-intensive manufacturing accounting
           | for over 80% of total energy use in the manufacturing sector
           | that year.[0] This is also an issue which will need to be
           | considered when talking about increasing transfer capacity
           | between the two zones.
           | 
           | I hope this gives some insight, even if I rambled a bit and
           | touched on a lot of different aspects. I'm by no means an
           | expert, but have become interested in the subject as so many
           | other Norwegians have lately. I'd love to answer more
           | questions if you have any!
           | 
           | [0] https://energifaktanorge.no/en/norsk-
           | energibruk/energibruken... (Source in English and published
           | by the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy)
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | Already exists. The main limitation is the number of cables
           | and GW capacity.Also ramping up cable production has a bit of
           | latency and installing them even more. And it's capital
           | intensive and only makes sense when electricity prices are
           | high. They are right now but that's not a permanent
           | situation.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | And the problem with building massive interconnects that
             | are rarely used is that it's not economical to do so. They
             | need to be encouraged by outside means.
        
         | colechristensen wrote:
         | Ok, fun ideas for what to do with a megawatt hour for $10?
         | (that aren't mining crypto)
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | I'll start:
           | 
           | Load up a truck with several tons of batteries, charge them,
           | and ship the electricity south.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | Not really worth it.
             | 
             | A ballpark calculation - ignoring any infrastructure and
             | time for charging/offloading, assuming you get the
             | batteries and the electricity for free, using Tesla
             | batteries as an example, a MWh of them would weigh more
             | than 6 tons; so freight truck can carry at most 2-3 MWh
             | worth of batteries (density is likely to be an issue) and
             | the sale price of that truck full of electricity even at
             | the current outrageous prices is just 1000 eur, perhaps
             | 2000 if you drive all the way across Europe. Shipping cargo
             | on such trucks costs something like 1.5 eur/km nowadays (we
             | don't have cheap self-driving electric trucks yet..) so if
             | you'd have to drive more than a few hundred km (and you
             | have to drive the batteries back!), you'd be better off
             | using these trucks to ship something else than electricity.
        
               | njsteinsund wrote:
               | At this 6km/20 mins long ferry crossing the electric
               | ferry containing 1MWh of batteries can charge at
               | EUR10/MWh on the north side of the fjord, with the price
               | on the south side at approximately EUR500/MWh...
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MV_Ampere
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | A 6km high voltage transmission line will be much more
               | effective still.
        
             | qzw wrote:
             | And do what when you get there? Sell them by the roadside
             | like fresh vegetables? A few tons of batteries' worth of
             | electricity is hardly worth a utility company's time.
        
         | intothemild wrote:
         | As someone in Oslo... This makes me super jealous.
        
       | capableweb wrote:
       | Would be great if the list on the right was sorted not by country
       | name but by the price instead, together with a number on the left
       | side for "rank".
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related ongoing thread:
       | 
       |  _UK energy bills are soaring to record highs_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32617621 - Aug 2022 (164
       | comments)
        
       | baggiponte wrote:
       | Source?
        
         | Lex-2008 wrote:
         | as sibling comment says, some numbers match those shown on
         | https://www.nordpoolgroup.com/en/maps/#/nordic
        
         | luovatek wrote:
         | At least the scandinavian prices are from Nordpool. And they
         | are only 24h averages while the real price of course varies
         | every hour. I merely checked the price for Finland and it was
         | correct.
        
       | simplecto wrote:
       | by that measure Swedish datacenters should be oversubscribed
        
         | halper wrote:
         | That data centres in Sweden pay almost no electricity tax (5
         | SEK/MWh if I remember correctly) while consumers pay 36 is not
         | popular with everyone. The map doesn't show that Sweden is
         | divided into four areas. SE1 and SE2, the northernmost two and
         | where some data centres are, have prices that most days are in
         | the single-SEK/MWh range while in SE3 the prices might be tens
         | of times higher. SE4, the southernmost area, has even higher
         | prices due to the fact that (1) power is exported to markets
         | where it is even more expensive and (2) because plants have
         | closed down. The transmission capacity between SE3 and SE4
         | tends to be maxed out (as evidenced by the fact that prices
         | differ).
         | 
         | AWS is in SE3, where the electricity is tens to a hundred times
         | more expensive than for Facebook in SE1.
        
           | moogly wrote:
           | And don't forget that's 36 SEK/MWh minus VAT, so in reality
           | it's 45, and businesses don't pay the VAT of course.
        
       | Cantinflas wrote:
       | AFAIK Spain prices are not "real" in the sense that gas prices
       | have been "capped" and electricity users have to pay generation
       | companies that use gas a variable fee to compensate that cap.
       | Real end-user price is likely double
        
         | locallost wrote:
         | What I understood is that Spain capped gas prices, thus
         | reducing electricity prices. But yes, it's not real.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | This is what every country should do. Basically putin is
         | extorting europe through its marginal pricing.
         | 
         | BTW spain's prices are more "real" in the sense that they
         | better reflect the cost of generation. It's the EU market's
         | prices that are fake.
        
         | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
         | In Croatian electricity prices have only gone up 15% this year
         | because of government intervention. The actual costs are
         | something like 10x.
        
         | sofixa wrote:
         | Same in France, electricity prices are capped so hard EDF had
         | to be renationalised due to their massive losses to maintain
         | the cap.
        
         | samuel wrote:
         | THIS.
         | 
         | The compensation adds 243.57eur/MWh to the final price for
         | Spain.
         | 
         | https://www.omie.es/es/market-results/daily/average-final-pr...
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | but note that 380 EUR is still much much cheaper than other
           | countries
        
       | bob1029 wrote:
       | I'm starting to have flashbacks to Griddy and the $9,000/MWh
       | wholesale pricing I had to dance around in Feb 2021. The novelty
       | of accounting for small appliance usage in dollars per hour wore
       | off pretty quickly for me.
       | 
       | I was able to get my sustained electricity consumption under
       | ~800w (including central furnace blower) after some extreme
       | compromises. Only had to pay about a thousand dollars for that
       | incident. I know of people on Griddy who had 5 figure bills that
       | month.
       | 
       | In retrospect, I think variable rates are the ultimate solution
       | to these problems. I am not usually very price sensitive, but
       | $9/KWh is a monster rate if you aren't paying attention. I was
       | forced to adjust my behavior to accommodate the available supply.
       | 
       | For better or worse, we still can't store electricity at scale in
       | most markets, so forcing the consumer behavior may be the next
       | best option.
        
         | robmsmt wrote:
         | Can you elaborate on what you reduced and what was remaining
         | for the 800w? I am curious
        
       | vadym909 wrote:
       | Are these prices consumers pay? Or does the gov absorb it? Way to
       | cool off the ev excitement
        
         | arbuge wrote:
         | It varies by country. For example, in Malta the government is
         | currently absorbing it:
         | 
         | https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/greens-want-fuel-subs...
         | 
         | "Electricity tariffs and fuel prices have remained frozen in
         | Malta despite skyrocketing international prices, with the
         | government spending hundreds of million to cover the difference
         | and keep local prices stable.
         | 
         | Times of Malta reported on Friday that maintaining the subsidy
         | in place next year is likely to cost taxpayers EUR400 million."
         | 
         | OTOH in the UK:
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2022/08/26/uk-energy-bills-to-rise-by-8...
        
       | bjourne wrote:
       | Remember that, while prices have soared, electricity _generation_
       | has not become more expensive. The  "electricity crisis" is a
       | crisis for European consumers but a massive windfall for
       | producers. This is a market failure - not an electricity failure.
        
         | sph wrote:
         | Can anybody explain why that is? Why a country that generates
         | 99+% of its own electricity like UK is seeing price increases?
         | 
         | Everybody blames the war, but AFAIK UK imports 1% of its gas
         | from Russia, and its electricity is generated locally, so why
         | are prices increasing? I would expect grain and wheat to
         | increase 500%, not power.
        
           | qwertyuiop_ wrote:
           | It's a self inflicted green transition with no back up plan
           | or a plan
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | Are you saying things would've worked out better if Russian
             | gas accounted for a higher percentage of eu energy before
             | the sanctions?
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | im3w1l wrote:
           | Electricity is very inelastic, which means that a tiny change
           | in supply can massively affect the price. Only when it gets
           | super expensive do people to start cutting down on their
           | consumption, and supply and demand come into balance.
        
           | locallost wrote:
           | It's because not all electricity costs the same to produce,
           | but the price is the same, determined by the most expensive
           | producer. There is a shortage of electricity because France
           | is generating a lot less than normal and this is made up by
           | other countries. I would guess the UK is impacted by higher
           | demand as well, thus the more expensive producers are
           | delivering jacking up the prices for everyone.
        
             | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
             | > determined by the most expensive producer
             | 
             | That's wrong. The price is determined by demand and supply,
             | which in turn is determined by what prices producers are
             | willing to sell at and consumers are willing to buy at,
             | plus other traders in the market.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | The parent is providing valuable and spesific information
               | on how energy market works, you are incorrecting him by
               | reciting a generic market principle that everyone learns
               | at school, without any insight of how it applies to
               | situation at hand.
        
               | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
               | Hardly. Merit Order is just a particular way of setting
               | the price similar to an auction, it still creates a
               | normal(ish) market for electricity and demand and supply
               | still largely determine the price, albeit not in the
               | exact same way as a completely free market.
               | 
               | Saying that price is "determined by the most expensive
               | producer" without further context is still wrong.
        
               | locallost wrote:
               | It's correct for the day ahead price [1]. Of course the
               | most expensive producer needs to be actually needed to
               | satisfy the demand side.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merit_order
        
               | makomk wrote:
               | Which is to say that it's determined by both the supply
               | and demand side: if the price were lower there would be
               | people willing to buy at that price but not enough to
               | sell them, and if it were higher there would presumably
               | be people willing to sell at that price but not enough
               | buyers. It is, in some fairly fundamental sense, the
               | actual market price of electricity at that point in time.
        
               | locallost wrote:
               | Yes but renewables & nuclear suppliers would be willing
               | to deliver for a lot less money. The question I answered
               | was, why is it so expensive when we don't use so much
               | gas. The price however gets set by the most expensive
               | supplier. As soon as you need to use gas to deliver
               | electricity, the price skyrockets.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | That's not entirely true. The prices of the underlying
               | different electricity sources is different but they can't
               | be traded separately. As a result the market is very
               | dysfunctional.
        
           | dazc wrote:
           | We generate a lot of this electricity by burning gas which we
           | have to buy from the market where prices are set relative to
           | global supply and demand.
           | 
           | This is why we originally stopped mining coal - because
           | Russian gas was so cheap at the time that it was a no-
           | brainer.
           | 
           | What could possibly go wrong?
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Coal has so many disadvantages beyond simple price that
             | it's not even funny. It is by far the most deadly energy
             | generation method.
        
             | origin_path wrote:
             | UK stopped mining coal mostly in the 1980s when Russia was
             | still the Soviet Union. The cause was not Russian gas which
             | isn't a direct substitute for coal anyway and especially
             | not back then, but rather that the NUM destroyed the
             | domestic coal industry, which became totally uncompetitive
             | relative to more or less any foreign producers. It wasn't
             | Russia specifically, it was that UK mining became
             | dysfunctional and unreliable.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | is it fair to call it disfunctional? Are you expecting to
               | compete on price with countries where workers have no
               | rights, no health and safety and live a dog's life?
        
               | trasz wrote:
               | Those stereotypes about Australia are mostly unfounded
               | nowadays.
        
           | Sakos wrote:
           | https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=52758
           | 
           | > The United Kingdom has the second-largest LNG
           | regasification capacity in Europe (4.7 Bcf/d), and it can
           | export up to 2.5 Bcf/d of natural gas to the European Union
           | via the Interconnector pipeline into Belgium and the BBL
           | pipeline into the Netherlands. Regasified LNG volumes in the
           | United Kingdom averaged 2.9 Bcf/d from January through May
           | 2022, and regasification facilities ran at a 63% utilization
           | rate, up from 30% last year. _Exports from the United Kingdom
           | via interconnecting pipelines to the European Union have run
           | at close to maximum rates since March 2022._
           | 
           | I would assume because of this.
        
           | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
           | Because electricity is sold across the entire European
           | market. Low cost producers are going to sell to those who pay
           | the most, to maximise profit, unless they're unable to move
           | the electricity ( or more likely 'contra' it) to where it is
           | intended to be consumed.
           | 
           | Just like oil. The US has cheap oil but it's a global market,
           | so everyone pays the (more or less) the same price regardless
           | of how close they are to the oil.
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | Also because electricity market is bit special how it
             | operates. Suppliers tell what price they will sell and and
             | then buyer at what price they will buy. And the price for
             | all transactions will be set at highest match of supply to
             | demand.
             | 
             | Because demand side has no upper price limit the whole
             | market price can raise to very high.
             | 
             | Ofc, this ignores cases of own production, futures and so
             | on.
        
               | konschubert wrote:
               | You're describing an auction principle. It's called
               | merit-order.
               | 
               | It is very efficient at creating a transparent market and
               | finding the "natural" market price. The same price that a
               | free and transparent market would converge to.
               | 
               | The alternative are price caps. Which could be
               | considered. But it's a choice between free and non-free
               | markets.
               | 
               | Blaming merit-order is shooting the messenger.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | balderdash wrote:
           | What makes gas different from wheat? US is a huge exporter of
           | wheat, that doesn't mean us farmers/traders don't have their
           | eye on what Ukrainian shortfalls imply for global balances?
           | 
           | Same thing for gas, uk is competing with their neighbors for
           | a resource that just got a whole lot more scarce (locally),
           | causing prices to rise
        
             | neural_thing wrote:
             | Gas is, well, a gas. The only way to transport it in the
             | absence of pipelines is liquifying it. LNG infrastructure
             | is very hard to build, and right now there's no additional
             | LNG capacity to ship gas to Europe. It takes a while to
             | build.
             | 
             | See https://doomberg.substack.com/p/have-fun-staying-cold
             | 
             | From last November
        
         | vorpalhex wrote:
         | That's just wrong. The components of electricity generation -
         | the fuel - has exploded in price.
         | 
         | You may not be aware, but there's a war going on that is sort
         | of impacting things on top of existing inflation.
         | 
         | I realize picking a scape goat feels easy but it's poor form
         | and leads to not fixing the actual problem.
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | If that were true countries that don't depend on russia would
           | not be affected. Greece uses little natgas, and only only 4%
           | of it is russian, yet it sees some of the most steep rises.
        
             | origin_path wrote:
             | Lots of countries import gas using LNG terminals. Those gas
             | ships can go to any country that has import terminals and
             | they set sail for the highest bidder. So gas is like oil,
             | there's only a few global prices.
        
             | ZeroGravitas wrote:
             | It's not the Russian gas that is expensive, it's the
             | intentional lack of supply of Russian gas that makes the
             | market price for all gas go up (plus some other general
             | market tightness due to COVID).
        
             | DIARRHEA_xd wrote:
             | Similar price trends are to be expected across all nodes in
             | _highly_ interconnected grids.
        
         | calaphos wrote:
         | Capacity has decreased - mainly due to a lot of french nuclear
         | reactors offline for scheduled and (correlated) unscheduled
         | maintenance. France went from Europe's largest exporter to
         | largest importer of power this year. Add to that a dry summer
         | woth historically low water levels in rivers, disrupting
         | cooling as well as things like coal transport for power plants.
         | 
         | And natural gas, which usually covers the more elastic power
         | demands is dramatically more expensive.
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | Not to mention Germany (largest economy in Europe) and their
           | nuclear debacle. They could have spent the last 20 years
           | building additional nuclear power and reducing dependency on
           | Russia, instead of doing the opposite. 15+ years ago it was
           | obvious what Putin was and the direction Russia was heading.
           | 
           | Germany should be a super exporter of energy to the
           | EU/Eurozone (they are a big electricity exporter, they should
           | and could be considerably more so). They land border nine
           | other nations (and are of course very close to Italy). They
           | have the technical and financial ability to do it.
        
         | Joeri wrote:
         | Market price is based on the price of the most expensive
         | megawatt produced. The price moves up and down to balance
         | production with consumption, a necessity for every grid, and
         | producers set prices at which they are willing to inject
         | quantities.
         | 
         | The current problem is that in europe a lot of the electricity
         | is made by gas plants and those plants are seeing their costs
         | rise. They therefore increase the price at which they are
         | willing to inject capacity, and that means the market price
         | moves up because that power is needed to satisfy demand. Gas
         | plant operators are not making a lot of profit.
         | 
         | Because every party injecting power at market rates (some of it
         | is actually locked up in long term contracts) is paid the
         | market rate, those not using gas to produce power are actually
         | the ones making record profits. Wind is literally making
         | windfall profits. There are talks of having an excess profit
         | tax because right now governments are going into debt to
         | finance energy subsidies that line the pockets of wind and
         | nuclear operators (and of vladimir putin).
        
           | ZeroGravitas wrote:
           | The people selling the gas plants the gas are also making
           | windfall profits.
        
         | Fiahil wrote:
         | > The "electricity crisis" is a crisis for European consumers
         | 
         | Well. I don't know where you live, but I'm not paying more than
         | last year.
         | 
         | I read about soaring prices being an issue in the UK. Prices,
         | here, in France are fixed twice a year by the energy
         | commission. Right now, residential electricity increased by 4%
         | last February and remained unchanged at the start of August. So
         | it means that whatever is happening in the market, is not
         | affecting us. Actually, I will probably have 2-3 months of cash
         | back at the end of the year.
         | 
         | Not really a crisis, to be honest.
         | 
         | However I would be very interested to know what is the
         | situation like for my fellow European citizens !
        
         | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
         | > electricity generation has not become more expensive
         | 
         | A lot of generation in Europe is using gas, so it very much
         | has. It's more or less a normal market experiencing a jump in
         | price on inputs.
         | 
         | If you can produce cheaper than the market price then you make
         | lots of money. That's normal.
         | 
         | The market is telling buyers to use less electricity and
         | sellers to produce more. It's how markets work.
        
           | andrepd wrote:
           | That is predicated on the rational market hypothesis: that
           | all agents have perfect information, make perfectly rational
           | decision, there is no market friction, and goods are
           | perfectly elastic. Of course, neither of these assumptions
           | are true in this case.
           | 
           | Back in the real world, we can look at hard data. Margins for
           | energy producers and retailers have increased _massively_ in
           | the latest quarter. Also, we know that markets don 't react
           | directly (and exclusively) to fundamentals. They react to
           | panics, they react to extremely complex interactions of
           | manual and automatic trading algorithms. Reality is far from
           | the simple "supply and demand" that economics 101 textbooks
           | portray.
        
             | vorpalhex wrote:
             | 1. You mean the efficient market hypothesis?
             | 
             | 2. That does not apply here since we are talking
             | cost/profit and not share price
             | 
             | > The efficient market hypothesis (EMH), alternatively
             | known as the efficient market theory, is a hypothesis that
             | states that share prices reflect all information and
             | consistent alpha generation is impossible.
             | 
             | Nothing you say is about EMH. Nor does EMH predict that
             | markets react only to "fundamentals", only in that shares
             | reflect the whole set of information.
        
           | bjourne wrote:
           | But that just moves the question. Why has natural gas become
           | more expensive when it has not become more expensive to
           | produce? Furthermore, only 15% of Germany's power production
           | comes from natural gas
           | (https://www.cleanenergywire.org/factsheets/germanys-
           | energy-c...) and the market price has "only" tripled in the
           | last year (https://www.euronews.com/my-
           | europe/2022/08/25/europes-gas-pr...) while electricity prices
           | have increased over 600%. This is price gouging.
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | >Why has natural gas become more expensive when it has not
             | become more expensive to produce?
             | 
             | Price is a function of supply and demand. Supply was
             | massively reduced by sanctions and war, so price goes up,
             | simple as that.
             | 
             | >This is price gouging.
             | 
             | If electricity producers had enough pricing power to set
             | the price to whatever they wanted without competition
             | they'd already have done so years ago. Again, price is a
             | function of supply and demand, cost of production is only
             | one component.
        
               | seydor wrote:
               | No, the EU wholesale market uses a marginal price, that
               | does not reflect the cost of generation (supply), but the
               | highest cost available at any moment sets the price for
               | everyone (at least as far as i understand). It s a free
               | market but prices are set by a very inflexible rule.
        
               | kitkat_new wrote:
               | this doesn't change anything. If supply was higher, e.g.
               | using solar/wind/nuclear/coal, prices would be lower
        
               | seydor wrote:
               | that would work only if non-gas sources generated enough
               | so that gas is not needed at all. As it is right now,
               | solar producers are getting a bonanza in profits because
               | they are being paid at exorbitant prices. At this level,
               | they have no incentive to ramp up production to remove
               | gas from the equation.
        
               | candiodari wrote:
               | > At this level, they have no incentive to ramp up
               | production
               | 
               | In a monopoly situation, yes. Luckily there is
               | competition, and at this level their competition has a
               | great incentive to ramp up capacity. Which, frankly, is
               | going to make them ramp up production so they can capture
               | a bigger piece of the market when the situation isn't
               | quite as ridiculous as it is today anymore.
        
               | PeterisP wrote:
               | There's no single "they" for "solar producers". No matter
               | what the existing producers do, even if they would all
               | illegally collude, the current prices make it attractive
               | for individual households to install solar panels and
               | thus add new solar capacity.
        
               | iso1631 wrote:
               | If I'm making $10 a day from my solar panel, so after 30
               | days I'll make $300. Job done.
               | 
               | It instead makes sense for me to buy a new second panel
               | for $100 after 10 days and then I can make $20 a day,
               | then 5 days later buy a 3rd.
               | 
               | 30 days into this I'll have made $45, and be making $30 a
               | day instead of $10.
        
               | bjourne wrote:
               | > Price is a function of supply and demand. Supply was
               | massively reduced by sanctions and war, so price goes up,
               | simple as that.
               | 
               | But this is not true. Price is a function of whatever
               | price the seller sets. Look at the actual circumstances
               | rather than on mathematical models with no bearing on
               | reality.
        
               | merely-unlikely wrote:
               | > Price is a function of whatever price the seller sets.
               | 
               | Only if customers are willing to buy at that price. Which
               | is only true now because there are no cheaper competitors
               | to turn to, which in turn is because the entire system is
               | operating at capacity.
               | 
               | Over time the high prices incentivizes bringing more
               | power generation and transport online, which is exactly
               | what we are seeing - new/reopened nuclear, coal, and nat
               | gas plants are all planned or coming online across Europe
               | and imports have spiked from places like the US. No one
               | likes high prices but it does incentivize building more
               | capacity that might lose money when prices are low, but
               | make up for that when prices are high. This process
               | doesn't happen over night but sanctions + war (roughly)
               | did. Europe was lulled into complacency by consistent and
               | cheap Russian gas for years.
               | 
               | Also, don't overlook those transport costs. Networks
               | across all energy types are severely constrained and
               | underinvested in. Doesn't matter how cheap you can
               | produce energy if you can't get it to your customers
               | cheaply.
        
               | bjourne wrote:
               | Yes, of course there are no cheaper alternatives to turn
               | to. The European electricity market is dominated by a
               | small number of giants which essentially have no
               | competition and does not compete with each other. It's
               | not different from the housing market. Housing isn't
               | freakishly expensive because it has become too expensive
               | to build houses. It is because those who control the
               | market have figured out how to screw over people who need
               | a home to live in (which is almost everyone).
               | 
               | It was the European Commission that designed the
               | integrated electricity market because it was believed
               | that a free market would guarantee low electricity prices
               | for everyone. It seems very naive to believe that this
               | system will function better in the future. For the energy
               | giants it is more profitable to limit supply and jack up
               | prices than to build more capacity.
        
               | candiodari wrote:
               | > Only if customers are willing to buy at that price.
               | Which is only true now because there are no cheaper
               | competitors to turn to, which in turn is because the
               | entire system is operating at capacity.
               | 
               | In other words, the price is the _marginal_ price: at the
               | very edge. What is the highest price consumers want to
               | pay for X amount of electricity. You should split it up:
               | say price of electricity is 5$. That means:
               | 
               | Electricity produced at 1$: sells for 5$
               | 
               | Electricity produced at 2$: sells for 5$
               | 
               | Electricity produced at 3$: sells for 5$
               | 
               | Electricity produced at 4$: sells for 5$
               | 
               | Electricity produced at 5$: sells for 5$
               | 
               | Electricity produced at 6$: does not sell, plants get
               | paused
        
               | maximegarcia wrote:
               | not all plants can be paused quickly...
               | 
               | Sometimes that means: Electricity produced at x$: sells
               | for -5$ (I pay you to use it)
        
               | merely-unlikely wrote:
               | Yea there's a lot of forecasting, inefficiencies, and
               | other distortions involved. Energy supply chains aren't
               | easy
        
               | merely-unlikely wrote:
               | Which is exactly how I would expect it to work. Now if
               | producers expect prices to remain high, or for there to
               | be repeated spikes in price, I would expect the $1, $2,
               | $3, and maybe $4 producers to invest in additional
               | production or storage over time to capture additional
               | marketshare and thereby profits. Of course the "over
               | time" part is important since that process can't happen
               | overnight and is constrained by labor and components.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | Depends on the country. Certainly this applies to a country
         | like France that produces most of its electricity through
         | nuclear, which they are in the process of fully nationalising.
         | 
         | This gives them a lot of leeway to control prices without
         | actually costing them anything.
        
           | origin_path wrote:
           | Of course it costs them! Nationalisation just means the
           | losses of the nuclear industry are born by the taxpayer,
           | which will surface in worse services in other areas.
        
             | mytailorisrich wrote:
             | What I'm saying is that since production costs are stable,
             | as long as they set a price that covers actual costs then
             | this price control does not actually cost them money, only
             | potential profits, so it is sustainable.
        
               | origin_path wrote:
               | It leads to shortages instead as people find ways to
               | arbitrage the price - buy French nuclear power cheap then
               | export it for profit.
               | 
               | Fundamentally you can have high prices, shortages or you
               | can disconnect France from the rest of the European grid
               | but you cannot just have cheaper prices in France.
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | This is absurd in several levels - you can't move
               | electricity in a box, there are only a few interconnects,
               | all of them regulatable and controllable, they can only
               | move like 15% of tital supply and prices are different
               | for business and for home use.
               | 
               | And nothing you've said seems to have relevance to
               | shortages
        
         | cinntaile wrote:
         | It's not a market failure, this is how marginal pricing is
         | supposed to work. This incentivizes market participants to
         | build out production thus pushing prices down again.
        
         | rconti wrote:
         | It's not a market failure. Markets are not supposed to keep a
         | steady profit margin regardless of demand.
         | 
         | Production cannot be scaled up and down infinitely and
         | immediately.
         | 
         | The price is a market signal.
         | 
         | The fact that production cannot be immediately scaled to serve
         | the customer demand and bring prices (and therefore profits)
         | back down to a "normal" level is not a market failure either;
         | it's simply a physical reality.
        
           | Ekaros wrote:
           | The true market failure is on demand side. Demand is what
           | drives the price not the supply. With low enough demand the
           | price just doesn't go very high.
        
             | vorpalhex wrote:
             | Sure, you are free to be the first one to freeze to death
             | this winter or melt during the summer.
             | 
             | I don't think anyone is meaningfully wasting electricity in
             | Europe currently. Demand can't go to zero. Supply dropped
             | significantly.
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | Ekaros is correct. Lots of people pay a fixed cost for
               | their electricity whether it is generated at peak time
               | with lots of gas or in the middle of the night with wind
               | and nuclear.
               | 
               | We don't currently do a good job of responding to price
               | signals. We have some plans to expand this, which are
               | being rushed into service after being neglected for a
               | long time.
               | 
               | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-61949246
               | 
               | And even that has to lie about "it not being about
               | rationing" because price signals are so foreign to the
               | consumer energy market.
        
           | tenpies wrote:
           | The problem is the huge role government has had in this,
           | which means regular market mechanisms won't work for a while.
           | 
           | 1. The Western governments have spent a decade demonizing
           | fossil and nuclear energy. For that whole time, big funds
           | have divested, and investors punished. No major fund is going
           | to touch this sector, especially not if the intent is a
           | capital project. Nuclear is just seeing a turnaround as some
           | governments regain their rationality (e.g. Japan), but others
           | seem to be utterly hopeless (Canada, Germany).
           | 
           | 2. The above means that schools stopped offering the programs
           | necessary to train the workers for the industry. There is an
           | entire generational gap now in oil and gas trades, from the
           | roughneck to the engineers.
           | 
           | 3. The government's incompetence has caused rampant inflation
           | which, affects these industries too. Suddenly you have to
           | deal with the labour shortage, there being no raw inputs (the
           | year supply of anything from pipe to mud was sold out in most
           | markets by Q1 of '22), and you have no idea what great ideas
           | government will pass by next quarter so you have to price
           | high to build a buffer. All of this leads to huge
           | uncertainty.
           | 
           | The worst part in my eyes, is that we're only really seeing
           | the beginning of this. Governments are still on their ESG-
           | above-reality stance. Approval from their UN SDG and WEF
           | cronies is still more important than their constituents well-
           | being.
           | 
           | I honestly feel for the Europeans that saw this coming and
           | voted accordingly - but more for the Africans and Asians who
           | will be bid out by Europe and be faced with starvation of
           | freezing. They had no say in this and they will pay the
           | steepest price for Europe's ESG hubris.
        
       | biehl wrote:
       | Denmark is going to have some pretty cheap hours around 13:00, so
       | charging an electric car is not going to be bad tomorrow.
        
       | tomp wrote:
       | To put this into context:
       | 
       | https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/eu-natural-gas
       | 
       | I call this "the Greta curve".
        
         | IfOnlyYouKnew wrote:
         | You do you, but it has little to do with her? Specifically,
         | Greta Thunberg had nothing to do with invading Ukraine or, if
         | we want to ignore the most obvious cause, the decision to phase
         | out nuclear power.
        
         | roflyear wrote:
         | Am I missing something, or does the price still not seem that
         | high in USD? I'm used to paying like $.15 per kWh which is half
         | roughly of the prices in Europe? It's big but... Idk
        
         | pornel wrote:
         | This curve is Putin's doing.
         | 
         | It wouldn't have been so devastating if we took Greta seriously
         | and switched to fossil-free energy sources.
        
         | quink wrote:
         | Non-renewable energy problematic?
         | 
         | Let's blame advocates for renewable energy.
         | 
         | That'll make people see reason and solve the issue /s
        
         | rcMgD2BwE72F wrote:
         | What your funny name for France, where we pay as much (if not
         | more) than Germany for our electricity since the start of the
         | year? More than half the country's nuclear power capacity has
         | been shut down, mostly due to safety concerns https://nuclear-
         | monitor.fr/#/mix.
        
           | AshamedCaptain wrote:
           | Who is paying more for electricity in France? To my
           | knowledge, the majority of French residential subscribe to
           | the state-fixed "Tarif bleu", which hasn't increased price at
           | all since February, and is still well below the German
           | average. It is, in fact, for added ridiculousness, well below
           | the retail prices of most of the countries we import energy
           | from.
        
             | gniv wrote:
             | > Who is paying more for electricity in France?
             | 
             | EDF is. Which will end up as deficits in France's budget.
        
       | fest wrote:
       | At the current electricity prices, break even point for household
       | PV installations even in coldish climate (Latvia, Eastern Europe)
       | is on the order of 3-4 years without subsidies.
       | 
       | Granted, it does not solve the problem that the energy I'll spend
       | in the fall/winter has to come from somewhere but financially it
       | is at the very least closer to being balanced out.
       | 
       | Also, this is in a country, where the net metering system is
       | favorable to households (one can spend the full amount that has
       | been fed to grid).
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | But if too many people buy panels, then europe will stop
         | burning gas, the price will go down fast, and their profits
         | will evaporate
        
         | jacquesm wrote:
         | Buying panels, inverters, heatpumps and booking installer times
         | are significant bottle necks at the moment for further
         | household PV installation.
        
           | epolanski wrote:
           | Also: legislation and beaurocracy.
        
         | thatfrenchguy wrote:
         | Or, at night also? Solar is all fun and games until the sun
         | goes down and your grid needs to not collapse.
        
           | jillesvangurp wrote:
           | A solar charged EV will keep your house going for several
           | days. Other storage solutions are available. With the right
           | amount of square meters and storage, you could disconnect
           | from the grid entirely. For most people that would be too
           | expensive but it's perfectly feasible in large parts of the
           | world. Especially the US. With the exception of Alaska, most
           | of it is much further south than most of Europe. Plenty of
           | sun hours throughout the year. Even in winter.
           | 
           | So, even in winter you'd be able to squeeze some kilowatt
           | hours out of a few solar panels. Just install more of them
           | until you have enough to charge up your batteries during the
           | darkest part of the winter and you are good to go. Maybe add
           | some wind to diversify.
           | 
           | For heating there are thermal storage solutions that use
           | cheap materials like sand or basalt. Charge in the summer,
           | heat in the winter. All you need is some pipes, mass,
           | insulation and a way to dump energy in the system. There are
           | various prototype systems operational already and they work
           | as advertised. You might wonder about the cost of a silo of
           | locally sourced sand. I'd say it's probably going to be dirt
           | cheap.
           | 
           | EV batteries are going to be great for balancing the grid.
           | Vehicle to grid charge connectors are already being
           | standardized and multiple vehicles that support that are
           | being produced already. Millions on the road in the next few
           | years. Twh of power. A very tempting target for would be
           | virtual power plant companies. Like Tesla.
           | 
           | The main challenge with wind and solar is bridging the few
           | weeks a year where production of both may drop dramatically
           | in the winter for more than a day. The combination of no
           | wind, low sun and little amount of sun hours, and overcast
           | skies is kind of deadly. In northern Europe that might last
           | as long as a month. The rest of the year there is going to be
           | either or both enough solar and wind.
           | 
           | Mostly the real challenge the rest of the time is actually
           | what to do with the growing amounts of excess power. Plenty
           | of answers to that but it's not a fully resolved issue.
           | Mostly current wind operators seem to regularly disable their
           | wind mills by weather-vaning them instead. They're not
           | broken, they've been turned off because they are producing
           | more than needed.
           | 
           | We're going to end up with way more power than what we need.
           | People are installing solar panels on their roof that
           | generate much more power than they need, even when aggregated
           | over time. The current crisis is actually going to result in
           | even more people doing that. This poses a serious challenge
           | for energy produces still dumb enough to depend on burning
           | fossil fuels. Most of the time they'll be selling at a loss
           | or completely shutting down operations. And a few weeks a
           | year they suddenly have to deliver a little bit of power. Not
           | a great business to be in.
        
           | legulere wrote:
           | Luckily most electricity use is during the day and wind blows
           | also in the night and more in winter when there's less sun.
        
       | seydor wrote:
       | the current crisis, for most european countries, is totally due
       | to the failure of the EU energy market. The electiricy prices are
       | set by the highest generator, which currently is natural gas. So
       | , eventhough southern countries use less than 20-15% gas, their
       | prices soar because they are determined by gas.
       | 
       | Spain and portugal are the only countries which managed to get an
       | exception to offset this mechanism months ago, by effectively
       | capping the gas prices and not allowing it to go bonkers.
       | 
       | The rest of the EU should explain itself to its citizens. These
       | levels of prices do not represent the cost of energy but the
       | stupid continuation of a supposedly free market in time of war.
       | 
       | https://www.rechargenews.com/energy-transition/europes-power...
        
         | 323 wrote:
         | If that were true the price difference would be quickly
         | arbitraged away by energy traders. They would buy this "cheap"
         | energy you speak of and sell it at the "inflated" market price,
         | thus converging them to the same price. And yes, they would
         | find a way to bypass the "mandatory fake price".
         | 
         | > _Listening to European Electricity Traders Is Very, Very
         | Scary. Keeping the lights on in Europe this winter may prove
         | more difficult than governments are currently admitting._
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2022-08-26/europe...
        
           | seydor wrote:
           | It's not possible, everyone gets the same price.
           | 
           | https://www.rechargenews.com/energy-transition/europes-
           | power...
        
             | 323 wrote:
             | According to this theory the price of energy should be the
             | same in all of Europe, since it's the same mandated price.
             | But it's not according to article graph.
        
               | seydor wrote:
               | the price of gas sets the marginal price at which power
               | is sold by all generators at any time. Different
               | countries buy different contracts , but they all see
               | skyrocketing prices , at different levels
               | 
               | https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/markets-and-
               | consumers/eu-....
        
       | bushbaba wrote:
       | Wonder why the EU hasn't stepped in with rationing and price
       | controls. This is price gouging to the detriment of its citizens.
        
         | nickpp wrote:
         | Rationing and price controls is how you end up with shortages.
         | 
         | A functioning market will provide the motivation to search,
         | find and finance solutions instead.
        
           | bushbaba wrote:
           | The functioning market will decimate industry and impact the
           | poor. It's a long term disaster.
           | 
           | This is something where China has done a good job. The EU
           | should plan who gets the energy available and how much to
           | charge. Otherwise the EU will be dealt a blow to industry so
           | large it might not ever recover.
        
             | nickpp wrote:
             | Planned economies have been historically unable to even
             | _feed_ their citizens. Let 's hope EU won't make that
             | mistake.
        
         | sofixa wrote:
         | Some countries have, e.g. France.
        
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