[HN Gopher] An archeaological dive through a software copyright ...
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       An archeaological dive through a software copyright concern
        
       Author : xena
       Score  : 19 points
       Date   : 2022-08-22 11:14 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (iliana.fyi)
 (TXT) w3m dump (iliana.fyi)
        
       | samatman wrote:
       | I don't agree with that interpretation of the MIT license. I'm
       | aware that it's popular, perhaps majority, but I think it
       | wouldn't hold up in court, though I hope we never find out, it
       | would be a churlish point to sue over imho.
       | 
       | The clause (the "Software") is defined, and when we unroll the
       | relevant line using that definition we get this:
       | 
       | > _The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
       | included in all copies or substantial portions of this software
       | and associated documentation files_
       | 
       | First note: it says _this_ software, and source code is routinely
       | distributed without the binary. It also says  "and associated
       | documentation files", and here we have a dog which doesn't bark:
       | the clear opportunity to say "as well as compiled artifacts and
       | object" was not taken, leading a reasonable person to be able to
       | conclude this omission was intentional.
       | 
       | I happen to think the point was to include copyright notice on
       | source and documentation, but not on binaries, which is awkward
       | to do. If you want to be safe, ok, sure, find a way, and IANAL.
        
         | btdmaster wrote:
         | Is the binary no longer the software? All precedent would
         | suggest otherwise. (Though I can see it may not be a copy of
         | the software, as compilation is usually more than that.)
        
       | jacobsievers wrote:
       | I find it difficult to invest time in reading this when the
       | author demonstrates such a basic misunderstanding of copyright:
       | 
       | >...software, by default, probably cannot be used, modified, or
       | redistributed without a license from the copyright holder.
       | 
       | Of course it can be used and modified. It's the redistribution
       | that is covered by copyright law.
       | 
       | >...you can't really use software without someone giving you
       | permission.
       | 
       | This is completely false, except where a license is required to
       | obtain a copy to begin with. It is the license that creates the
       | restriction, not the copyright.
        
         | kmeisthax wrote:
         | MAI Systems v. Peak Computer[0] says otherwise, at least in the
         | 9th Circuit and at least covering use of the program. Other
         | courts and Congress have bent over backwards to try and not
         | disturb the ruling.
         | 
         | Even if it was overturned, modification has been a core part of
         | copyright law since Folsom v. Marsh[1], where the Supreme Court
         | interpreted the entire concept of derivative rights into the
         | law. In fact, this ruling was so expansive they had to invent
         | fair use at the same time just to avoid accidentally
         | overturning the 1st Amendment.
         | 
         | Copyright creates the restriction, specifically to legally
         | mandate a negotiation for the license that absolves you of the
         | restriction. If you do not have a license, you have nothing but
         | a pending lawsuit.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAI_Systems_Corp._v._Peak_Com
         | p....
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folsom_v._Marsh
        
           | jacobsievers wrote:
           | This case establishes that the copy in question was in fact a
           | "copy" as defined by the copyright act, but the infringement
           | was due to the disposition of the parties' rights via a
           | license - not inherent to the copyright. This ruling is
           | highly specific to the case.
        
         | EdTsft wrote:
         | I have a hard time believing this, are you suggesting that it
         | is perfectly legal to run pirated software so long as you never
         | entered a license agreement with the creator? Or that the
         | existence of a license you've never interacted with and
         | potentially have no knowledge of has an impact on the legality
         | of you running pirated software? What if a company's internal
         | software is leaked, surely they have the right to prevent other
         | companies from using it?
        
           | jacobsievers wrote:
           | I am not. Of course it's not legal to use pirated software.
           | By definition pirated software is illegally obtained. But a
           | legally obtained copy can be run without a license, if none
           | was required to obtain the software.
           | 
           | As for "leaked" software: again, if copies are illegally
           | obtained then of course it's illegal to use them.
        
         | paulryanrogers wrote:
         | > Of course it can be used and modified. It's the
         | redistribution that is covered by copyright law.
         | 
         | By what law or principle? IIRC most software is licensed and
         | not sold. And the copyright dictates who defines the terms of
         | the license for software which can be copied. Otherwise how
         | would 'freeware' and trial software be practical if folks could
         | just modify them to bypass any limiters therein?
        
           | jacobsievers wrote:
           | The same law or principle that allows me to use the pages of
           | a book as wallpaper. Why can't I use my legally obtained copy
           | in anyway I choose so long as it doesn't violate any law or
           | contract? My point is that copyright only protects from the
           | making of copies, and licenses are something else entirely.
        
             | UncleEntity wrote:
             | > The same law or principle that allows me to use the pages
             | of a book as wallpaper.
             | 
             | First-sale doctrine?
             | 
             | Which, ironically, doesn't apply in this case since the
             | software wasn't legally distributed.
        
       | kmeisthax wrote:
       | I disagree somewhat with the anti-license manifesto mentioned in
       | the tangents. The one here:
       | https://www.boringcactus.com/2021/09/29/anti-license-manifes...
       | 
       | Problem is, if you do not license your software, then under
       | existing 9th Circuit precedent it is illegal to use your software
       | - for any purpose. You are creating a trap to be sprung on people
       | who don't understand the law.
       | 
       | Is the US legal system anti-justice, at least in the sense that
       | the adversarial model of courts breaks down when applied to power
       | disparities[0]? Absolutely.
       | 
       | Is worrying about copyright at best a detour, in the sense that
       | copyright has nothing to do with justice except to protect a
       | certain few from a specific kind of exploitation? Yes.
       | 
       | But we still need to at least pay lip service to it, if only to
       | protect _your users_ from being sued by you.  "You", in this
       | case, is maximally extended to not only every "you" that might
       | exist in the future, but even people who may wind up inheriting
       | your estate in the far future - which isn't far enough to cover
       | the expiration of the copyright. You - as in, not you, but You -
       | can stomp in at any time and sue _individual users_ for large
       | sums of money they can 't pay, even if they merely ran the
       | program.
       | 
       | This isn't a hypothetical. The way that people share (freely-
       | licensed and otherwise) software puts a target on them, and the
       | system occasionally takes the shot[1]. For as long as copyright
       | applies to the air we breathe, we have to worry about it.
       | 
       | [0] Copyright trolling is a good example of why adversarial court
       | systems don't work when parties are not on a level playing field
       | 
       | [1] https://torrentfreak.com/comcast-subscriber-receives-dmca-
       | no...
       | 
       | https://torrentfreak.com/paramount-wipes-infringing-ubuntu-t...
        
       | UncleEntity wrote:
       | > ...the risk-reward ratio of theoretical copyright litigation is
       | not good, especially when litigating against open source projects
       | tends to paint a target on your back.
       | 
       | And the example they give (without the link being preserved) is a
       | patent case which is completely different.
       | 
       | 75 years from now the heirs of the developer who wrote the
       | library being discussed can go on a copyright lawsuit spree and
       | there's no amount "FLOSS community pressure" which could stop
       | them.
       | 
       | People keep giving advice on this issue of "it probably doesn't
       | matter, they put it on GitHub because they want people to use the
       | code" which might be true today but it also might matter a whole
       | lot tomorrow for whatever reason.
       | 
       | Bad, bad advice...
        
       | jpollock wrote:
       | "Does any of this actually matter?"
       | 
       | Yes. If we want others to respect open source licenses, we need
       | to honor them ourselves. We can't assume that source-available is
       | "available for all uses".
        
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       (page generated 2022-08-22 23:02 UTC)