[HN Gopher] I hacked my car
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       I hacked my car
        
       Author : ytpete
       Score  : 481 points
       Date   : 2022-08-13 07:22 UTC (15 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (programmingwithstyle.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (programmingwithstyle.com)
        
       | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
       | I worry that embarrassing cases like this are going to cause
       | global corporations to call for the ban of general purpose
       | computers for the public. I mean, look at all they've done. We're
       | at a tipping point with the right to repair movement, but John
       | Deere still hasn't lost yet.
        
         | zaik wrote:
         | Please don't give them ideas. Software freedom is already in a
         | bad enough state.
        
       | ThePhysicist wrote:
       | That's why I try to never put any testing or development keys in
       | repositories. From those keys sitting there it just takes one act
       | of negligence for the keys to make it into a production
       | environment. It's really frustrating that most people don't care
       | about this at all. Even people forking my own projects would not
       | listen when I told them to please just generate the keys
       | dynamically (for which I included all necessary functionality in
       | the software itself, easily accessible in CI and from the CLI via
       | a simple make command), and instead just put dev keys smack in
       | the repository [1]. And mind you those were some really "security
       | minded" people from the CCC.
       | 
       | 1: https://github.com/impfen/apps-
       | inoeg/blob/main/tests/fixture...
        
         | time0ut wrote:
         | This. I always generate my keys or certs or whatever as part of
         | my dev workflow scripts, configure the local environment to
         | read these, and then gitignore the resulting files. This way it
         | just works for the rest of team and the mechanisms are plainly
         | visible in the repo.
         | 
         | There are many ways to do this, but one that often fits what I
         | am doing is to use terraform's TLS provider [0]. Terraform has
         | become pretty ubiquitous for me. I am probably already using it
         | to power other parts of my dev environment setup and teardown.
         | Adding in a call to a little module that spits out a dynamic CA
         | and certs signed by it is really easy.
         | 
         | [0]
         | https://registry.terraform.io/providers/hashicorp/tls/latest...
        
       | sneak wrote:
       | > _The logs turned out to be a treasure trove of information on
       | how the IVI works under the hood._
       | 
       | I hope that one was intentional; I chuckled.
        
       | coverband wrote:
       | This article confirms my insight that good programmers,
       | especially those working in security, need to have a dose of OCD
       | in them to be successful. ;-)
        
       | heynowheynow wrote:
       | Don't expect much from a manufacturer who until recently didn't
       | use immobilizers.
        
         | LightG wrote:
         | Poor comment considering where they are now.
        
         | alerighi wrote:
         | Well is that a bad thing? Seriously, all they do is make
         | extremely expensive to make a copy of the keys if you loose
         | one. If they want to steal your car, they do it anyway,
         | especially with modern cars that are less safe than older one.
        
         | deepdriver wrote:
         | The "Kia Boys" in Milwaukee stole almost 10,000 cars last year,
         | mostly Kia and Hyundai models lacking immobilizers. That's 1
         | car theft per 58 city residents, in a single year. This gonzo
         | documentary on the phenomenon's worth watching:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fbTrLyqL_nw57
        
           | tyingq wrote:
           | Insane. And the cars in question have no immobilizer, so the
           | process is just finding a 2021 or older Kia/Hyundai of a
           | certain model, one with a physical key instead of a
           | pushbutton. Then you just rip apart the steering column and
           | turn the ignition cylinder. I was confused because a USB
           | cable was involved, but it's apparently only because it
           | slides nicely over the mechanism to help you turn it, as
           | opposed to having to use needlenose pliers or similar.
           | 
           | So there's no "hack" really, just destroying the lock
           | cylinder.
           | 
           | https://www.thedrive.com/news/how-thieves-are-stealing-
           | hyund...
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | Insane? This is just what stealing a car was like in 1970.
             | If you get the ignition to turn, you've stolen the car. If
             | you're dependent on technology to stop vehicle theft,
             | you've basically already lost. At the end of the criminals
             | will just use a flatbed tow truck to steal the vehicle if
             | it is worth enough.
             | 
             | The "immobilizers" you're referring to are the bane of my
             | existence from my perspective. Instead of getting cheap $5
             | copies of my keys made, I have to pay something like $120
             | to Ford to get copies made.
        
               | deepdriver wrote:
               | >At the end of the criminals will just use a flatbed tow
               | truck to steal the vehicle if it is worth enough.
               | 
               | Working-class teenagers in Milwaukee do not use flatbed
               | tow trucks to steal cars.
               | 
               | >The "immobilizers" you're referring to are the bane of
               | my existence from my perspective. Instead of getting
               | cheap $5 copies of my keys made, I have to pay something
               | like $120 to Ford to get copies made.
               | 
               | Ask anyone in Milwaukee whose car _hasn 't_ been stolen
               | whether they regret having an immobilizer.
        
               | sidewndr46 wrote:
               | Sure, I concur that teens don't use flatbed tow trucks.
               | 
               | But if as a society, the default has become that your car
               | will be stolen then the society has collapsed. It's more
               | like a bunch of competing warlords, with the most
               | prominent one being the local government.
        
               | deepdriver wrote:
               | Yes, that's an accurate description of much of Milwaukee.
        
           | staindk wrote:
           | Thanks for the link - that's crazy. And awful.
           | 
           | Wonder how true it is that you only get a couple of weeks in
           | jail for stealing a car (in Milwaukee at least)...
        
         | ReadTheLicense wrote:
         | In what universe is 20+ years "recently"? Actually the Hyundai
         | I had - with an immobilizer - was made in 1995 so 27 years. Is
         | this American thing?
        
           | stjohnswarts wrote:
           | We had them that long too, just like card readers, we just
           | didn't have laws requiring them. No Europe wasn't more
           | advanced than Americans (and still aren't) but they did have
           | better laws for the situation. So you can have that win I
           | suppose.
        
           | hnick wrote:
           | It might be, my 15 year old Getz has one (I know because it
           | plays up sometimes due to poor conductivity), but that was
           | never released in the US.
        
           | deepdriver wrote:
           | Apparently some modern US Hyundai models don't have
           | immobilizers:
           | 
           | https://www.thedrive.com/news/how-thieves-are-stealing-
           | hyund...
        
           | cjg_ wrote:
           | Immobilizers are mandatory in EU since 1998, so yes.
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | tpmx wrote:
           | https://www.cbsnews.com/chicago/news/thefts-of-kias-and-
           | hyun...
           | 
           | Hyundai Motor America:
           | 
           |  _Immobilizers became standard on all vehicles produced after
           | November 1, 2021._
        
       | devonallie wrote:
       | >> I have to wonder if they used that linked "RSA Encryption &
       | Decryption Example with OpenSSL in C" tutorial...
       | 
       | Makes me feel better about my own incompetencies. But also makes
       | me scared for the future of safety in vehicles.
        
         | johannes1234321 wrote:
         | Well, for security code a common mantra is "don't invent it
         | yourself" :)
        
       | amelius wrote:
       | Was that sample code GPL'ed?
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Once again, their insecurity is our freedom. One does wonder
       | whether those who were asked to implement this "security" were
       | not happy about doing so, and just decided to make the equivalent
       | of a speed bump instead of a wall.
       | 
       | I remember "carputers" were a somewhat common aftermarket mod in
       | the early 2000s, mostly running a stripped-down 98 or XP on an
       | SSD or memory card. The obvious difference being that you had
       | full control of it from the start. Here's an example of someone
       | doing so:
       | 
       | http://www.avbrand.com/projects/carpc/
        
       | cs702 wrote:
       | I've heard of much worse security no-no's. The worst example I'm
       | familar with is of a Fortune-500 corporate database with data for
       | millions of private citizens exposed for _years_ on the public
       | web over plain old http (not even https), without any password or
       | public /private key protection, such that anyone anywhere with
       | the right URL or IP address could access it.
       | 
       | The big question, of course, is: Why haven't we had a security
       | apocalypse? I imagine it must be because most software engineers
       | are honest, and because the bad actors who have the skills and
       | resources to pull it off (e.g., foreign government agencies) have
       | a vested interest in maintaining the status quo.
       | 
       | So, non-technical managers everywhere go on with their lives
       | thinking their software infrastructure has been "secured,"
       | without really knowing whether it's true. Consider that no
       | executive or manager at Hyundai was aware until now that their
       | vehicles have been using a previously published private key to
       | update their software.
        
         | paledot wrote:
         | For my money, they're still not aware and wouldn't know what it
         | meant if someone told them.
        
         | lupire wrote:
        
       | fmntf wrote:
       | Kudos to the author! I did some research in my car a few years
       | ago. Unfortunately, the update packages were properly signed. So
       | I reversed the CAN traffic and replaced the infotainment ECU with
       | my own reimplementation. I published my work and findings on
       | medium thinking that nobody could notice them... I have got a job
       | in the automotive industry instead.
        
         | bri3d wrote:
         | That's pretty cool! I wonder how properly they were really
         | signed - there are _so many_ mistakes even in systems that at
         | least don't use an example key off the Internet.
         | 
         | The most common ones I know of are:
         | 
         | * Out-of-bounds write issues allowing "signature was validated"
         | flags to be overwritten in Flash memory, like
         | https://github.com/jglim/UnsignedFlash
         | 
         | * State machine mistakes, like
         | https://github.com/bri3d/VW_Flash/blob/master/docs/docs.md -
         | allowing Flash to be written again after it was already
         | written, without an erase first.
         | 
         | * File format parsing mistakes, like those in a number of VW AG
         | head units: https://github.com/jilleb/mib2-toolbox/issues/122
         | 
         | * The use of RSA with E=3 and inadequate padding validation,
         | like https://words.filippo.io/bleichenbacher-06-signature-
         | forgery... .
         | 
         | * Failure to understand the system boundaries, like in the
         | second part of https://github.com/bri3d/simos18_sboot where
         | "secret" data can be recovered by halting the system during a
         | checksum process.
         | 
         | * Hardware fault injection issues, as used in
         | https://fahrplan.events.ccc.de/congress/2015/Fahrplan/system...
         | .
         | 
         | Fundamentally this is of course, a very hard problem, since in
         | the "protect against firmware modification" case, the attacker
         | has physical access. But, compared to the state of the art in
         | mobile devices and game consoles, automotive stuff is still way
         | behind.
        
         | rasz wrote:
         | Any reason for not linking to that medium post? Did the new
         | employer politely ask you to take it down?
        
           | navanchauhan wrote:
           | They probably did not want to self-promote. Here is a link to
           | their Medium articles: https://medium.com/@fmntf
        
       | twawaaay wrote:
       | Most development at very large companies happens by hordes of
       | people who call themselves developers but do not care about
       | development and barely understand anything they are doing. Most
       | coding happens by copying and pasting from Stack* and then
       | restarting the application hundreds of times and tinkering with
       | the code mindlessly until it happens to work. Anything besides
       | getting the "happy path" (sic!) to work is a secondary concern.
       | 
       | Add to it that most developers from Asia do not really expect or
       | care about privacy and are super quick to drop any quality
       | standards to meet deadlines. And the management that likewise
       | does not value quality besides things that can be easily seen and
       | typically does not tolerate any delays for anything that is not
       | absolutely necessary.
       | 
       | I worked for a well known, huge Korean company. When I was there
       | I learned they shipped a mass produced device with a telnet
       | server with a simple default password. This wasn't done for any
       | evil purpose -- the development team decided this would improve
       | their ability to debug any production problems they might face.
       | They were not trusting their own code and were looking for a
       | quick and easy solution to deal with inevitable deluge of support
       | tickets.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | > most developers from Asia do not really expect or care about
         | privacy and are super quick to drop any quality standards to
         | meet deadlines
         | 
         | You started a hellish, tedious flamewar with this. That's
         | exactly what we're trying to avoid here.
         | 
         | Please edit general putdowns, casual swipes, and flamebait out
         | of your HN comments, and stick to what you can legitimately say
         | from your own experience.
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | > Add to it that most developers from Asia do not really expect
         | or care about privacy and are super quick to drop any quality
         | standards to meet deadlines.
         | 
         | Having lived and worked in South Korea for 4 years, I can't
         | confirm this to be true. My Korean colleages were no less
         | diligent than the ones I now have in Germany, on average. It's
         | true that pressure is high and projects are often run in an air
         | of permanent crisis mode to keep the pressure up, though. If
         | corners get cut the decision usually comes from above.
         | 
         | I do systems engineering on operating systems and HMI for
         | consumer electronics. In Korea it was for smart TVs and
         | industrial equipment control, in Germany for cars.
        
         | irogers wrote:
         | Fwiw, this would fail Android's Compatibility Test Suite:
         | 
         | https://android.googlesource.com/platform/cts/+/3ece5ae7a51d...
        
           | twawaaay wrote:
           | Not necessarily. There are various ways to conceal a
           | listening service, for example through knocking protocol.
        
             | VectorLock wrote:
             | If you're implementing a knocking protocol, you probably
             | know enough to change the default password.
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | rubicon33 wrote:
         | How is this isolated to Asia? As a developer in the USA, I've
         | seen prioritization of deadlines over quality in nearly every
         | org I've worked at.
         | 
         | We would probably all love to hand write encryption algorithms
         | for data transfer, or beautiful animations on user
         | interactions, or perfectly graceful fault handling, or 100%
         | test coverage.
         | 
         | The reality is that kind of work takes far longer than most
         | employers are willing to wait. I doubt heavily that it's the
         | engineers love of coding that is lacking, rather the employers
         | patience.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | The more an org talks about not cutting corners, as a rule of
           | thumb, the more corner cutting is going on.
        
           | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
           | >We would probably all love to hand write encryption
           | algorithms for data transfer
           | 
           | Yikes. Funny that you mention this, because it's precisely
           | the kind of thing that one would expect from this sort of
           | "talent", and not from real engineers.
           | 
           | No. One does not hand-write encryption algorithms, unless
           | they are Daniel Bernstein or similar.
        
         | headsupernova wrote:
         | Amazing stuff here folks - this big brained developer just
         | generalized a literal continent of billions of individual
         | people and is the top comment on smart people site hacker news
         | dot com
        
           | dang wrote:
           | Please don't react to a bad comment by breaking the site
           | guidelines yourself. It just makes everything worse.
           | 
           | Also, while I have you: can you please not use HN primarily
           | for political/ideological arguments? It looks like that's
           | what your account has been doing, and it's not the intended
           | use of the site.
           | 
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
           | 
           | https://hn.algolia.com/?sort=byDate&dateRange=all&type=comme.
           | ..
        
         | jpoesen wrote:
         | "most developers from Asia do not really expect or care about
         | privacy"
         | 
         | -> You did a casual racism there, unless you can back up your
         | claim with non-anecdotal evidence.
        
           | audessuscest wrote:
           | He said clearly that he talks from experience. Do you want a
           | peer-reviewed paper to back his claim?
        
             | boruto wrote:
             | There was post some years ago how teslas code is a mess. Do
             | you attribute the quality of that code to blue eyed
             | Europeans?
        
               | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
               | No, we attribute that to startup culture's cavalier
               | attitude towards code quality.
               | 
               | Asian cultures' have similarly cavalier attitude towards
               | privacy.
               | 
               | Noone said anything about races. Asia is a continent.
        
               | acka wrote:
               | Continents don't have cultures (and neither do
               | ethnicities), people do. So what is your point again?
        
               | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
               | The point is that the statement "Asians value privacy
               | less" doesn't talk about "Asians" as a racial group,
               | rather, it merely observes that for whatever
               | historical/cultural/sociological reasons, a particular
               | group of people, whom happen to live in a certain area of
               | the globe, might be less predisposed to raise concerns
               | about the privacy implications of their software
               | engineering practices.
               | 
               | Thus the claim that the original comment was racist is
               | false in my opinion.
               | 
               | Another argument against this claim would be the fact
               | that Asian software engineers (here "Asian" is used in
               | the racial sense) raised in Western countries with a
               | strong culture of privacy, seem to be just as privacy
               | conscious as their Caucasian counterparts.
        
               | jpoesen wrote:
               | I get your point, and I should have said "you did a
               | prejudice there" instead of "you did a casual racism",
               | because the OP's opinion did not express systemic
               | oppression or a belief that (in this case) 'Asians' are
               | inferior as a whole to other ethnicities.
               | 
               | Thank you for giving me the opportunity to correct
               | myself.
               | 
               | That said, both the original post and several comments,
               | including this comment's parent, are equally prejudicial:
               | attributing qualities to large groups of people based on
               | location or ethnicity and solely relying on anecdotal
               | evidence as opposed to controlled and peer-reviewed
               | study.
               | 
               | Case in point: are there any studies to back up the claim
               | that 'Asian' folks raised in Western countries are more
               | privacy conscious than their 'natively raised'
               | counterparts?
        
             | cdmckay wrote:
             | I do if he's going to make a generalization about an entire
             | continent of people
        
             | SNosTrAnDbLe wrote:
             | A datapoint of 1 is not really how I would characterize
             | experience in a continent with literally thousands of large
             | corporations.
        
             | jpoesen wrote:
             | And I clearly asked if he has non-anecdotal evidence to
             | back up his claim.
        
           | mistrial9 wrote:
           | I lived in Hong Kong for a short while before that handover
           | to the PRC. Daily, constant references to race were common;
           | stories about people based on race were common; social and
           | economic analysis in casual conversation based on race were
           | ordinary.
        
             | jpoesen wrote:
             | I lived in West Africa for 5 years and experienced the
             | same, coming from locals: prejudice against each other's
             | tribal origins and prejudice against foreigners.
             | 
             | But I fail to see how my and your experience are relevant
             | to the way OP expressed himself re: 'Asian' behaviour?
        
           | bloqs wrote:
           | It's a largely accurate statement
        
             | jpoesen wrote:
             | Based on?
        
               | boruto wrote:
        
               | legionnairee wrote:
               | Regional (Business) Cultural Norms
        
               | jpoesen wrote:
               | Interesting. Any research or other non-anecdotal sources
               | you can point me to?
        
       | Banana699 wrote:
       | The 'S' in iot stands for security.
        
       | havblue wrote:
       | >If I could figure out all of the security measures of the
       | firmware updates, I could modify an existing system image with my
       | own backdoors, giving me full access to the IVI.
       | 
       | I suppose if you brick your own computer the dealership probably
       | won't realize that you were the one responsible. Just don't say,
       | "yeah I cracked your ivi but after I modified the system image
       | the car wouldn't start anymore...." Still, you might want the
       | full warranty before attempting this step...
        
       | tialaramex wrote:
       | One of the things I remember being discussed on m.d.s.policy not
       | so long ago was making a registry (maybe handled by IANA) for
       | example private keys. Turns out Peter Gutmann did the heavy
       | lifting (thank you Peter) to turn that from idle discussion into
       | a draft document:
       | 
       | https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gutmann-testkeys/
       | 
       | From the point of view of m.d.s.policy the main idea is to
       | require CAs to reject these keys in certificates for the Web PKI
       | and encourage software to use these keys (rather than their own
       | examples) in sample code. Basically when you build my-cool-
       | website.example and copy paste the private key from an example
       | into your certificate fetching code, the CA should say "Er, no,
       | you need to actually choose your _own_ private key, that 's what
       | the word private means" and this should happen when you copy-
       | paste a high-rated Stack Overflow example, the provided sample
       | code from the library you used etc. Ideally these would all be
       | the same keys is the idea.
       | 
       | It would also make sense for tools to care about these example
       | keys e.g. GitHub could flag code that's checked in and has keys
       | which are _not_ these examples since maybe you used real keys by
       | mistake in your GitHub repo, meanwhile your build-for-production
       | CI tools could reject keys which _are_ on the list because that
       | means you forgot to pick actual keys for the real build.
        
         | scosman wrote:
         | I wonder if sample code using keys that don't look secure
         | ("1111...") would lead to more or fewer incidents. Easier to
         | guess, but more clear you're using guessable keys to the
         | developer importing the code.
        
         | spockz wrote:
         | We actually do this in our internal framework. All secrets
         | (passwords, key material, etc) that we have in documentation
         | and example projects are blacklisted for production in the
         | framework itself and applications refuse to start.
        
           | oneepic wrote:
           | Out of curiosity, do you have any tools/processes to avoid a
           | situation like putting real secrets in new docs? Such as this
           | popular story from 2017 [0]. And is there a way to automate
           | publishing a test secret(s) to a doc and also send it to the
           | blacklist?
           | 
           | [0] https://www.reddit.com/r/cscareerquestions/comments/6ez8a
           | g/a...
        
             | spockz wrote:
             | None other than peer reviews and habit. All our passphrases
             | are something like "exampledatabasepassword" whereas in
             | reality they are long tokens.
             | 
             | Then, secrets from production are hard to extract and
             | typically rotated (semi-continuously). So it would be very
             | strange if that somehow ended in up in a developers paste
             | buffer to add to the docs.
        
         | aaomidi wrote:
         | For what it's worth, if a private key related to a certificate
         | is exposed and then revoked. That private key is effectively
         | retroactively banned from that CA in its entirety.
        
         | teddyh wrote:
         | > _https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-gutmann-testkeys/_
         | 
         | I read the document hoping for an example Authorization: Bearer
         | token auth, but was disappointed. Even more surprising was the
         | lack of any ed25519 key; I would also have used this in my
         | documentation.
        
       | technion wrote:
       | Bahaha, that second Google hit for that key was a joke I must
       | have written a decade ago.
       | 
       | https://snakeoil.cr.yp.to/submissions/Lolcipher%20Submission...
        
       | alerighi wrote:
       | They say that I'm against progress when I say that I'm contrary
       | to all this new things that are adding to cars since they are
       | dangerous. And this article proves my point of view, if who made
       | the software used publicly available encryption keys (one that
       | knows what it's doing knows that to generate them with openssl
       | you take 1 second) how can that software be trusted?
       | 
       | To me self-driving car and all that amount of stuff is simply
       | dangerous, what if someone hacks a million of self-driving cars?
       | What damage can he do? A disaster, worse than hacking a nuclear
       | power plant... and I said coding standard for this kind of
       | vehicle is not minimally comparable to the one of nuclear power
       | plants. We are talking about people that till yesterday did
       | program the offline car radio software that now are programming
       | software that can take the control of the vehicle.
        
         | AlotOfReading wrote:
         | I've been involved with the software side at a few companies
         | producing autonomous vehicles and took a look at SSG-39 to see
         | how much better nuke standards are. They're pretty dang similar
         | to automotive standards (UL4600, SOTIF, etc). The difference is
         | in the regulatory environment and execution. Automotive
         | software is _not_ well-regulated and most OEMs don 't think
         | either the software or the people that produce it are worth
         | investing in. I regularly have disagreements with systems folks
         | about whether we should focus on actual sources of quality
         | issues like memory safety or the checklist items that
         | regulators are going to look at like whether the compiler is
         | verified.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Aloha wrote:
       | I wish I could do this with my UConnect device.
        
       | altitudinous wrote:
       | Outstanding blogs, really enjoyed reading them. Someone talented
       | actually performing a hack, rare these days.
        
       | Gordonjcp wrote:
       | The thing that puts me off ever buying a new car - particularly
       | an EV - is the insistence on loading it down with things like "In
       | Vehicle Infotainment". I don't want that. I want an entirely
       | gadget-free car.
        
       | sircastor wrote:
       | I worked on Infotainment for a number of years with an Automotive
       | OEM. I've only ever heard insiders use the term IVI, so I'm
       | curious if the author has some exposure to the industry.
       | 
       | As for gaining access to the engineering, I'm interested that it
       | was left in. We logged everything of course, but all of our
       | engineering tools were removed during the build process.
       | Essentially, our engineering mode was baked out.
        
         | ocdtrekkie wrote:
         | I assume they intend for some of it to be used by dealerships
         | (like firmware updates), which usually aren't done OTA.
        
           | sircastor wrote:
           | Late model vehicles (I would say the past 3-5 years)
           | definitely do system updates OTA, at least for vehicles that
           | I worked on.
        
       | Youden wrote:
       | Wow, this series of posts is awesome! I have a Kia EV6 and just
       | finding the OBD-II PIDs is a massive pain in the arse. Kia is
       | actually required by EU law to disclose them (Art. 61 EU
       | regulation 2018/858 [0]) but refused to do so even when I wrote
       | to them. Need to follow that up with a complaint to the Spanish
       | type approval authority (which approved the EV6)...
       | 
       | Writing custom software looks like a really promising alternative
       | though, especially if the vehicle's cellular connection can be
       | used. Hell, if the IVI uses the CAN bus, perhaps there's a
       | reverse-engineerable list of PIDs.
       | 
       | [0]: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-
       | content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A...
        
         | someweirdperson wrote:
         | PIDs according to J1979? The vehicle itself discloses them in
         | the PIDs dividable by 0x20, where each bit indicates the
         | availability of one of the next 32 PIDs. Each PID is described
         | in great detail by SAE, too, no manufacturer specific
         | information needed for interpretation.
         | 
         | Anything that is not J1979 but purely manufacturer defined
         | though, is a different story, and making that available is the
         | main reason for the existance of the regulation.
        
           | Youden wrote:
           | Unfortunately for EVs most of the interesting stuff isn't
           | standardised. If it was, life would be much easier.
        
             | someweirdperson wrote:
             | Sorry, I missed that point about EV, I didn't expect OBD-Ii
             | PIDs and EV in the same sentence.
        
               | Youden wrote:
               | To be fair, my use of the terminology might be completely
               | wrong. By "PIDs", I mean in general the identifiers I
               | send to the car to retrieve information.
        
       | geraldwhen wrote:
       | I would be shocked if Hyundai wasn't outsourcing most of its
       | software development to the lowest bidder.
       | 
       | Any company that believes its core business isn't software will
       | not pay for software developers.
        
         | sircastor wrote:
         | I had a boss when I worked in Automotive who used to say "We're
         | not a car company that makes software, we're a software company
         | that makes cars"
        
         | TheRealDunkirk wrote:
         | I would love some insight on the internal process. If the place
         | is anything like mine, this would have been the result of years
         | of planning, months of meetings, endless spreadsheet
         | checklists, and committee reviews, with an internal group, but
         | staffed with mostly outsourced programmers.
        
         | drukenemo wrote:
         | I'm not so sure. Hyundai/KIA are entering aggressively the EV
         | market in the west. I have an Ioniq 5 and its software,
         | although not bug-free is incredibly nice to use. The touch
         | screen is very responsive too. I would be shocked if they are
         | not taking software development seriously. The car is basically
         | software on wheels.
        
           | LightG wrote:
           | Agreed based on test drives. Hyundai are at the top of my EV
           | list. Congrats on the car. Looking to pick one up inside 12
           | months.
        
             | _whiteCaps_ wrote:
             | Oh, so you put a deposit down a year ago? /s
             | 
             | They're incredibly hard to buy right now, I've been on the
             | waiting list for months.
        
       | gameshot911 wrote:
       | This guy is insanely skillful. Wow.
        
         | gameshot911 wrote:
         | And more than that - insanely perseverant and tenacious. A very
         | powerful combination.
        
       | dabigjhall wrote:
       | This sort of idiocy is why I removed the modem from my Niro EV:
       | https://www.kianiroforum.com/threads/how-to-remove-head-unit...
       | 
       | (It is basically the same head unit, Kias/Hyundais share a lot of
       | components.)
       | 
       | IMO Kia makes great cars but I don't trust them with Internet
       | security. Android device permanently connected to the Internet
       | with unfettered access to the CAN bus of my car....no thank you.
       | And even if it was relatively secure today, I doubt it will get
       | security updates for the 10+ years I expect to have the car, if
       | at all.
       | 
       | I'm glad folks can now sign their own firmware to run on their
       | own cars, but what else is vulnerable in these things?
       | 
       | The car is amazing otherwise, and I'm glad Kia does not seem to
       | use the modem for any anti-features, so the car is totally fine
       | with removing it.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | What would be the downside of Hyundai just making all the info in
       | this blog post public info?
       | 
       | They could start fostering an app ecosystem for their cars.
       | 
       | And it would be an extra selling point for their cars (especially
       | if there are apps that won't run in other cars).
       | 
       | And it might even turn into a new revenue stream by building an
       | app store.
        
         | meibo wrote:
         | There are some things you don't want to run apps on, even if
         | they're sandboxed, which isn't the case here - I would count
         | "computer in my car that can talk to the stuff that makes it
         | go" as one of these things.
        
           | EMIRELADERO wrote:
           | And yet most cars run apps. Are you arguing that those not
           | coming from/authorized by the manufacturer are less
           | legitimate, or should not deserve the same treatment?
        
             | lozenge wrote:
             | That seems... incredibly obvious? If there's a software bug
             | that is a safety risk, the regulatory agencies force the
             | manufacturer to implement a recall at their own expense.
             | That wouldn't be the case for third party software.
        
         | teamonkey wrote:
         | The garage can charge ridiculous amounts of money for trivial
         | features and upgrades. Although the manufacturer may benefit
         | from an App Store, the garage gets nothing.
         | 
         | Toyota, for example, charges something like $150 for a single
         | satnav maps update, although now CarPlay/Android Auto is a
         | standard feature and has tanked that market.
        
           | rasz wrote:
           | GM charges for access to key cloning and module
           | programming/pairing. Its not overly expensive (~$40 per
           | module), but super annoying and bug infested (software
           | crashing/failing/constantly updating).
           | 
           | https://www.acdelcotds.com
           | 
           | Afaik Ford has similar program where you pay one time fee for
           | ability to reprogram modules remotely.
           | 
           | Imo a good deal for consumers.
        
       | mjg59 wrote:
       | So uh the IVI system runs a wifi network and is also on a CAN bus
       | that allows the doors to be unlocked
       | (https://programmingwithstyle.com/posts/howihackedmycarpart3/)?
       | This seems like a situation that might have bad outcomes.
       | 
       | (To be fair I suspect the IVI isn't running unless power is
       | turned on, which limits the number of real world threats, but it
       | does potentially offer a new avenue for carjacking)
        
       | kclay wrote:
       | The Mac address part stood out to me, has something changed over
       | the year that made changing Mac addresses more complex?
       | 
       | Back in college our school had some limitations on the internal
       | networks in our dorms. After doing my normal stuff (you know mega
       | downloading,ftp, limewire etc) my net stopped working. Come to
       | find out they had a bandwidth monitor and would just block you
       | for some time if you used too much and had to contact tech
       | support, even for simple things like window updates.
       | 
       | Anyways, somehow I found out I could tweak some net configs in
       | the registry. So here I randomly change some dword value to
       | change my Mac address. I finally got back online and just forgot
       | about it.
       | 
       | A few days later I came back to my room after classes, my
       | roommate told me the school officers raided the room trying to
       | get on my PC. I went to the student dean's office and come to
       | find out I took net access from I think the president and they
       | tracked it to my PC ... Some luck I say lol .. Tech support said
       | that there was no possible way I could change my Mac address
       | after a bit back and forth I decided to just agree with him.
       | 
       | O yeah and they had like a 200-300 page printout of irc chatlogs
       | ,there was more stuff but I'll end it there.
       | 
       | Needless to say my net access was blocked for a year even tho I
       | had a work study job with the webdev department. It didn't stop
       | me though, I ended up running a long cat5 cable from the dorm
       | next door. Fun times.
        
         | chmod775 wrote:
         | > has something changed over the year that made changing Mac
         | addresses more complex?
         | 
         | It just depends on what the driver/hardware lets you do. Some
         | drivers don't support changing it and some hardware/firmware
         | may just be built in a way that doesn't make changing it
         | (easily) possible. Not being able to change it may be more of a
         | WiFi thing though. I've had the displeasure of dealing with one
         | of those cards. Not sure if it was just the driver.
         | 
         | The Linux Kernel driver for Intel Ethernet supports changing
         | the MAC address, so there's an example of what that may look
         | like:
         | https://elixir.bootlin.com/linux/v5.19/source/drivers/net/et...
         | 
         | That's already at the driver level though. There's a couple
         | dozen other manufacturers with drivers in the Linux kernel, and
         | their cards may work entirely differently.
         | 
         | If however your hardware allows you to have sufficiently low
         | level access, your MAC address can be whatever you want it to
         | be. After all, if your device says "this is my MAC address",
         | then that is its MAC address as far as anyone talking to it is
         | concerned.
         | 
         | If your card is a black box and is doing all the work
         | internally (I think that'd be most cards?), then you're at the
         | mercy of what it lets you do.
         | 
         | At the other end of the spectrum you'd have programmable
         | NICs/"FGPA with an Ethernet port".
        
           | o_____________o wrote:
           | Small shoutout to https://github.com/halo/LinkLiar
           | 
           | > This is an intuitive macOS status menu application written
           | in Swift to help you spoof the MAC addresses of your Wi-Fi
           | and Ethernet interfaces.
        
         | crote wrote:
         | Network cards have a factory-configured MAC address, which is
         | the default one the adapter will use. As you figured out, the
         | operating system is usually able to override this MAC address-
         | but it has to redo this every time it initializes the adapter.
         | It'll still have its original MAC on a different system.
         | 
         | However, in the article they did not have control over the
         | operating system. So how do you change the MAC address then?
         | Well, you change the factory-configured MAC built into the
         | device - which requires using the factory configuration tool!
        
           | [deleted]
        
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