[HN Gopher] Hetzner Price Adjustment
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Hetzner Price Adjustment
        
       Author : gmemstr
       Score  : 266 points
       Date   : 2022-08-11 08:41 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (docs.hetzner.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (docs.hetzner.com)
        
       | xvilka wrote:
       | Maybe at least increasing energy costs will force people and
       | companies to ditch Electron-based "programs" (or Java/NodeJS in
       | case of servers). Native is much more energy efficient by
       | definition.
        
         | mattnewton wrote:
         | I don't know about the energy usage of NodeJS but the jvm can
         | be pretty efficient. Switching implementations or tuning an
         | implementation is easier than rewriting an app to native c++
         | https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3475716.3475774?sid=SCITR...
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | No. Most people do end user computing (where the Electron-based
         | apps run) on laptops, which, for battery size/weight/runtime
         | purposes, are already power constrained.
         | 
         | The efforts are going into making browser engines and
         | processors more efficient.
         | 
         | > _Native is much more energy efficient by definition._
         | 
         | "much more" is not true. It may be much more efficient in some
         | cases, but with modern runtimes for interpreted code for many
         | operations it is very close to native performance.
        
         | speedgoose wrote:
         | Native may also mean the software may not exist, because it's
         | too expensive, which is more sustainable.
        
         | twobitshifter wrote:
         | first I've heard of java not being energy efficient
        
       | sremani wrote:
       | If I am running Hetzner, I will be looking at an aggressive North
       | American expansion. The energy cost gap between US and Europe are
       | going to get bigger.
        
         | riskable wrote:
         | > The energy cost gap between US and Europe are going to get
         | bigger.
         | 
         | Only briefly. The fracking boom is basically over:
         | 
         | https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/01/1027822/fracking...
         | 
         | We're presently running a good portion of our heating and
         | electricity via the cheap gas that the fracking boom unlocked
         | but that's going to taper off pretty quickly over the next
         | decade. Because fracking was never a long-term solution.
         | 
         | Here's what's probably going to happen: Places like Europe will
         | be investing _heavily_ in renewable energy and locking in long-
         | term contracts to get things like solar panels and wind turbine
         | blades. Meanwhile the US will continue  "business as usual"
         | thanks to the largely for-profit power sector that only looks
         | at next quarter. Then as the cheap gas from fracking runs out
         | the US will be screwed and have the same problem that Europe is
         | currently having.
        
           | jmbwell wrote:
           | Fracking changed the market but the Western Hemisphere is not
           | dependent on it. There is enough oil and gas in the North and
           | South American continents to last hundreds of years by all
           | projections.
           | 
           | What's likely to happen is the global market will split into
           | three regional markets: the Americas, Europe and Africa, and
           | Russia and Asia. The US will recalibrate for more local
           | feedstocks and very much continue business as usual. The
           | other markets will realign producing regions and consuming
           | regions along political lines and eventually get back to
           | business as usual. The difference will be the prices in each
           | region, which will go back to pre-globalization independent
           | activity.
           | 
           | Other than that, yes, renewables and other sources will see
           | heavy investment, but they depend on raw materials that come
           | primarily from unstable (or newly unstable) political
           | regions. I'd say it very much remains to be seen how this
           | affects prices between renewables and petroleum.
           | 
           | What's clear is that we are all heading into an "all of the
           | above" energy policy regime that will no longer enjoy the
           | perks and stability afforded by the global market.
        
           | sremani wrote:
           | This is a flawed analysis.
           | 
           | 1. Permian basin itself will provide fuel for at least 300
           | years and right now if you have skills, you can get well paid
           | job in Texas.
           | 
           | 2. Texas has so much Wind and Solar footprint already it will
           | make most European countries headspin, and we are not even
           | adding Iowa! So, US has massive set up already and the best
           | part is, unlike Germany, US has windmills where Wind is.
        
       | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
       | Just write efficient software, then you won't need that many
       | servers.
        
         | rozenmd wrote:
         | Same vibes as "I would simply write bug-free software"
        
         | cbg0 wrote:
         | If you're operating at a small scale of a few servers (like
         | most people using Hetzner), re-engineering the code that you
         | already have to be more efficient will cost considerably more
         | than paying your server bills for a year.
        
         | michaelmior wrote:
         | While this is true to a degree, development costs also come
         | into play here. Let's simplify the problem a lot for a moment.
         | Suppose the only thing you care about is cost and the only
         | things you can control are the hardware you're running on and
         | the code it runs. You can optimize your code to use less
         | hardware, which would lower operational costs. But you also
         | have to pay developers to optimize the code. In some cases, it
         | may be more cost effective to run less efficient code rather
         | than pay for the development time to optimize.
        
           | tgv wrote:
           | Well, let's play that game. 0.22EUR/kWh. So a 1kW server
           | costs almost EUR2000/year. If you write Python vs. Go, the
           | performance increase can be 10 fold, so you'd save
           | EUR1800/yr. So when you're running 55 Python servers, you
           | could earn 1 dev by rewriting (assuming EUR100k/yr, all in).
           | 
           | Not to upset anyone: there are a lot of assumptions. It's
           | just ballpark numbers. There's a large difference between
           | Python v. Go for tensorflow and as a Django backend.
        
           | nerdponx wrote:
           | I do sometimes wonder about the global cost to run Python and
           | Ruby versus equivalent but literally-more-efficient programs
           | that otherwise do the same thing in e.g. Go or Nim.
        
           | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
           | You can pay lots of mediocre engineers mediocre salaries to
           | ship tons of inefficient mediocre code. Or you can pay a few
           | rockstar engineers high salaries to ship small and efficient
           | software. Basically the WhatsApp model.
        
         | mikedelago wrote:
         | Every algorithm I write ends up being O(2^n)
        
           | yread wrote:
           | That could just be because your inputs are very small
        
       | dangerface wrote:
       | Love Hetzner great to see a hosting company thats being upfront
       | and transparent about its prices.
       | 
       | So tired of hosting companies doing dodgy stuff with their
       | pricing like giving you the first month 99% off but wording it
       | like you will pay that month to month.
        
         | onphonenow wrote:
         | AWS has never raised prices on me.
        
           | nik736 wrote:
           | Don't worry they will. At least in Germany :-)
           | 
           | Electricity pricing is insane and will only get worse. I
           | doubt AWS will operate a whole region at a loss.
        
             | wongarsu wrote:
             | AWS EC2 is like 6x the price of Hetzner cloud (4x with
             | reserved instances). I imagine AWS has a lot of room to
             | absorb price swings, if they want to.
        
             | Dunedan wrote:
             | Amazon invests a lot in its own wind and solar parks.
             | Because of that, energy prices on the open market shouldn't
             | affect them too much.
             | 
             | Read more about that at https://sustainability.aboutamazon.
             | com/environment/renewable...
        
               | nik736 wrote:
               | Interesting, but looking at their map they will go live
               | in Germany in 2025. Which is way too late to ride this
               | out.
        
               | Dunedan wrote:
               | Continental Europe has a synchronous power grid, so
               | Amazon can also use electricity produced outside of
               | Germany for its German data centers.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | Transit lines even in Germany are already at capacity,
               | and the French are buying up whatever capacity they can
               | because of their nuclear foolishness.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | Buuut... Just because you made a good business move and
               | hedged one of your raw materials, doesn't mean your
               | competitors did. If your competitors didn't, then you
               | might as well rise prices and just take the extra as
               | profit.
               | 
               | Or... look at it another way, you bought some nice energy
               | futures contracts when they were cheap. You might earn
               | more selling those energy futures contracts now they're
               | very valuable than you make putting that energy into
               | servers and selling the compute.
        
           | vegai_ wrote:
           | Dunno about you, but that tells me something about their
           | profit margins.
        
           | klarq wrote:
           | They had boutique prices (think 10x Hetzner price) to begin
           | with. And cost control is notoriously difficult.
        
           | throwaway0x7E6 wrote:
           | because everything except the loss leader (EC2) has triple+
           | digit markup
        
             | lucb1e wrote:
             | What is "loss leader"? Do you mean they make a loss on EC2,
             | or that it's the bottom entry if you'd sort by profit? I'd
             | assume the former but making a loss at AWS' price level
             | would be extremely impressive.
        
       | Semaphor wrote:
       | Interesting that the colo electricity cost goes up that much,
       | that's a lot more expensive than what I will pay as a normal
       | consumer, I'd have thought they'd get better discounts.
        
         | lucb1e wrote:
         | Colo costs are just insane compared to consumer prices.
         | 
         | At home: 12 or 42 EUR/month (details1), depending on whether I
         | want gigabit upload or not. Advantages:
         | 
         | - fast LAN speeds,
         | 
         | - don't need to go anywhere to do hardware
         | maintenance/replacement/additions,
         | 
         | - low cost,
         | 
         | - partially solar powered if you have solar panels,
         | 
         | - don't need to make things fit in a rack (can be a raspberry
         | pi, an old laptop, or whatever you like),
         | 
         | - likely you have more space available, and you get to share
         | that gigabit uplink if you pay for it for your server.
         | 
         | Colocation: EUR128 / month (120 base price, 8 electricity in
         | germany; if you want to fly to Finland for accessing your
         | hardware, then electricity is half the price). Advantages:
         | 
         | - redundant power supply,
         | 
         | - maybe noise if you don't have a separate room for this stuff,
         | 
         | - you can do this also if your home has poor internet.
         | 
         | 1 I pay EUR50/month for my internet connection regardless (I
         | didn't buy a bigger bundle for the server), the server uses
         | ~35W average which makes ~26 kWh/month which makes ~9
         | EUR/month. Though, I'd pay the base connection fee for
         | electricity anyway so the _added_ cost is even a bit lower.
         | Rent is about EUR6 per m2, but I have my stuff in between
         | storage (above and below) so the column above those 1.5 m2 is
         | basically cut in three, coming out to about 3 EUR /month added
         | cost. The _added_ cost of hosting a server at home is about 12
         | euros per month. If I wanted to upgrade to gigabit symmetric
         | internet, that would be an added 30 EUR /month (total 42
         | EUR/month). At 35W it doesn't make much of a difference for
         | cooling, but there is no AC installed in my home anyway.
        
           | Sebb767 wrote:
           | > At home: 12 or 42 EUR/month (details1), depending on
           | whether I want gigabit upload or not.
           | 
           | For me it's either 40EUR a month if I want Gigabit down or
           | move to a different city in case I want Gigabit up. Which is
           | actually pretty good for current German standards; most can
           | only dream of Gigabit down. Also, your home link is meager
           | compared to a Gigabit link with proper redundant links to
           | IXPs.
           | 
           | If you have a big home with solar power, appropriate cooling,
           | a good connection and space to stuff servers away then yes,
           | you can outprice collocation - but that's excluding a lot of
           | costs you had before; if I was already running a server farm,
           | collocating my servers would be even cheaper ;) If, however,
           | you live in a flat in a city or in a rural area with bad
           | connection [0], these prices are very competitive.
           | 
           | [0] So, most of Germany.
        
           | 88 wrote:
           | Does your ISP allow you to use their service to host a
           | server? Most expressly prohibit it in their terms and
           | conditions.
        
             | lucb1e wrote:
             | I remember in 2005 or so, there were people that got
             | letters from their ISP to stop hosting things, and blocking
             | port 25 was common until about 5-10 years after that but
             | then net neutrality became more of a topic. Haven't heard
             | of any such trouble since then.
             | 
             | There are also ISPs that expressly encourage it. Formerly I
             | was with XS4ALL who encouraged it when I asked them on the
             | phone (long time ago), nowadays their spiritual successor
             | is Freedom Internet. I think the name says enough :)
        
             | Semaphor wrote:
             | That is pretty uncommon in Germany (possibly illegal?),
             | here I can host whatever I want.
        
           | xuki wrote:
           | > At home: 12 or 42 EUR/month (details1), depending on
           | whether I want gigabit upload or not.
           | 
           | Your consumer gigabit connection is not comparable to a DC
           | gigabit connection. Your ISP is over subscribing 20x and
           | hoping people don't use anywhere near their capacity. To make
           | it fair you should compare it to a business plan with a
           | proper SLA.
        
             | lucb1e wrote:
             | > business plan with a proper SLA
             | 
             | If I am that serious, then I'd also want the redundant
             | power and would have a budget for it. For business,
             | 130EUR/month is going to be a _fraction_ of the cost of
             | your first employee. The scenario posed was  "as a normal
             | consumer".
        
         | kuboble wrote:
         | I believe in EU household electricity is largely subsidized and
         | the industry always paid more.
        
           | barney54 wrote:
           | It's the other way around, at least in Germany. Households
           | pay more than industry for electricity. https://www.globalpet
           | rolprices.com/Germany/electricity_price...
        
             | kuboble wrote:
             | Well. I have to admit you're right. But it seems to not be
             | universally true.
             | 
             | In Poland I have found that price for companies can be 3x
             | higher based on at least one source. C11 - the tariff for
             | the companies seem to cost 1.6 PLN / kwH [1] G11 - the same
             | tarrif for households seem to cost more like 0.4-0.5PLN /
             | kwH [2]
             | 
             | [1] https://www.energa.pl/mala-firma/umowy/prad-dla-
             | firm.html [2] https://www.energa.pl/dom/umowy/taryfa.html
        
               | ReadTheLicense wrote:
               | I'd guess this is because of price regulation, not
               | subsidy.
        
               | kuboble wrote:
               | What's the difference?
        
               | ReadTheLicense wrote:
               | No money transfer from the state to the energy company.
        
           | PinguTS wrote:
           | Nope. Wrong. The economy of scale works also for electricity.
           | We don't have subsidized electricity. The other way around we
           | had additional premiums to pay for green energy. That got
           | yanked and is now paid by the general taxes.
        
           | doikor wrote:
           | In Finland it is the other way around. Household pays the
           | full price with industry paying the same but get huge tax
           | breaks.
           | 
           | Basically residential and companies pay the same but are
           | taxed very differently in a form that ends up with companies
           | paying way less electricity taxes.
        
         | jo909 wrote:
         | I'd guess that they used to have very good discounted contracts
         | but are not able to renew them anymore.
         | 
         | The cost they charge also includes the cooling, so you could
         | see it as for example 30c/kWh for power, 15c/kWh for cooling to
         | compare it to a consumer contract. Maybe they have published
         | their ratio of that split "on average" before.
        
         | lima wrote:
         | In colos, the cost of electricity typically also pays for air
         | conditioning since it's a perfect linear relationship - more
         | power goes in, more AC needed to get the heat out.
         | 
         | Plus some overhead costs (but with Hetzner, I'd assume they're
         | minimal - they have razor thin margins).
        
         | tecleandor wrote:
         | There's a more than probable markup for redundancy and
         | management.
         | 
         | Anyway, I believe industrial power billing is quite a trip (at
         | least in Spain), and probably have a miriad of different prices
         | depending on the hour of the day, and different guarantees of
         | delivery compared to a regular user.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | In many places if you as a business are willing to take
           | intermittent power cuts (with varying warning times) you can
           | get significant discounts.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | Their cost is 1/3rd more just for running the AC (your
         | electricity use generates heat that has to get out). And
         | savings from discounts probably get eaten up by the costs of
         | redundancy, diesel backups etc.
        
       | sammy2244 wrote:
        
       | omega3 wrote:
       | I'd have thought that these cloud providers would be pretty well
       | insulated from the retail energy prices by their renewable energy
       | generation.
        
         | Ekaros wrote:
         | That is not much use if the future contract prices at the
         | moment are very high. 24 month consumer deals seems to be
         | around 25 to 30 cents/kWh currently or even more, 12 month even
         | more. And some sellers have stopped selling these.
         | 
         | Overall there is nothing much to do as unless you own the
         | production there just isn't insulating contracts available.
        
       | candiddevmike wrote:
       | Will this affect their US cloud (ASH)? I didn't see it listed but
       | they mention all locations.
        
         | Hetzner_OL wrote:
         | Please see: https://docs.hetzner.com/general/others/price-
         | adjustment/#wh... "in all locations" = Yes, the ASH location
         | will also be affected. --Katie, Hetzner
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | Ekaros wrote:
       | 0.22EUR/kWh is actually pretty reasonable looking at what current
       | long term contracts are offered in Finland.
        
       | 076ae80a-3c97-4 wrote:
       | Really annoying that they're not publishing the new prices now,
       | we have to wait until 1st September.
        
         | trollied wrote:
         | At least they're not changing pricing for already provisioned
         | products until 31st December.
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | yes, that's frustrating, but they would have to list both
         | current and future prices or make some a list of changes
         | instead of just updating the actual price when they go current
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | tecleandor wrote:
         | They are publishing the prices now, just not in the main
         | pricing page until the prices are current:                 The
         | new prices for the colocation electricity/air conditioning
         | rates are:       electricity/air conditioning rate  old price\*
         | new price\*       Germany  EUR 0.29/kWh  EUR 0.45/kWh
         | Finland  EUR 0.12/kWh  EUR 0.22/kWh              \*These prices
         | do not include VAT.
        
           | schroeding wrote:
           | But those are only the rates for collocation. The other
           | server products (rented dedicated servers, VPS, etc) will
           | become more expensive, too. Those prices are not yet
           | announced, are they? (except the rough estimate of 10%)
        
             | tecleandor wrote:
             | Ah, it's true it isn't super clear... So "around 10%" and:
             | The products that do not directly use electricity are not
             | affected: IPs, domains, SSL certificates, racks, setup
             | fees, and a few other examples.
        
       | lovelearning wrote:
       | Putin's starting to get on my nerves.
        
       | tafazi9090 wrote:
       | Writing this on a new account because my main has been
       | shadowbanned
       | 
       | Why don't they switch to an alternative cooling method like
       | ground cooling?
        
       | zaroth wrote:
       | Server pricing, potato pricing, I suppose every product has some
       | energy component baked into the price. Probably more than I might
       | even guess...
       | 
       | High electricity price, and high energy cost in general, is
       | probably the biggest regressive tax that humans face.
       | 
       | Not just in direct energy and gas consumption, but in the
       | baseline increases that flow through to all the essential goods
       | that households purchase.
       | 
       | New energy generation technologies must not only be cleaner, but
       | also more efficient. It is so crucially important to raising
       | standards of living to ensure a reliable supply of cheap energy.
        
       | rgj wrote:
       | Guess this is something that has been going on for much longer
       | already.
       | 
       | Leaseweb has been raising their prices because of higher
       | electricity costs on February 1st, and recently DigitalOcean
       | raised their price by even 20%.
        
       | ChuckNorris89 wrote:
       | Germany EUR 0.29/kWh EUR 0.45/kWh       Finland EUR 0.12/kWh EUR
       | 0.22/kWh
       | 
       | Damn, why is electricity in Germany over twice as expensive as in
       | Finland?
       | 
       | I doubt Germans have twice the purchasing power as Finns.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | Finland has a lot of nuclear and hydro, which are stable
         | sources. Hydro can get dirt cheap since production is basically
         | constant even if demand is low.
        
           | ubercore wrote:
           | Hydro may be stable, but prices are soaring in Norway as
           | well, despite being mostly hydro. The entire energy market in
           | Europe is having a tough time.
        
         | weberer wrote:
         | Germany shut down all their nuclear plants about 10 years ago,
         | opting to rely on natural gas from Russia.
         | 
         | Finland invested in nuclear and is bringing their latest plant
         | online this fall.
         | 
         | It doesn't take a genius to see which one would be hit harder
         | by sanctions on Russian gas.
        
           | fs111 wrote:
           | > Finland invested in nuclear and is bringing their latest
           | plant online this fall.
           | 
           | How exactly has a not yet operating reactor that is vastly
           | over budget and time any influence on the current price
           | though?
        
             | weberer wrote:
             | 1. The Hetzner article is about future prices
             | 
             | 2. Supply and demand
        
             | doikor wrote:
             | It effects the futures which effects any fixed price
             | contract they might want to try and negotiate. Going for
             | spot price is very risky at the moment with what winter is
             | looking like to be.
             | 
             | Also there are the 4 existing reactors that are running
             | just fine at the moment. (at this moment production is over
             | 25% nuclear)
        
           | PinguTS wrote:
           | Not that I know of. We still have 3 nuclear stations in
           | production. One of them is Isar 2 next to Munich. They will
           | stay in operation until the end of this year.
           | 
           | That said, there are debates right now to prolong their
           | operation until another few years. But that has other
           | constraints.
        
           | jansan wrote:
           | It didn't take a genius even 10 years ago. That decision to
           | get out of nuclear power, based only on emotions, was a grave
           | mistake.
        
           | rad_gruchalski wrote:
           | > Germany shut down all their nuclear plants about 10 years
           | ago...
           | 
           | "Nuclear power in Germany accounted for 13.3% of German
           | electricity supply in 2021, generated by six power plants, of
           | which three were switched off at the end of 2021, the other
           | three due to cease operation at the end of 2022 according to
           | the complete nuclear phase-out plan of 2011."
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_Germany
        
             | wewxjfq wrote:
             | And spot market prices last December when all six plants
             | were running at full power were as high as they are now.
             | This has nothing to do with nuclear energy. It's demand
             | pushing Germany to run more expensive power plants, which
             | in turn dictate the price of electricity for _all_ power
             | plants, so pointing at the electricity mix of Germany is a
             | waste of time.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | The instantaneous market price that everyone pays is the
         | marginal cost of the most expensive power source currently
         | online.
         | 
         | For nearly every country worldwide, that is gas turbines most
         | of the time. Even if 90% of power generation is coming from
         | solar, it's the 10% gas that sets the price (since the marginal
         | cost of installed solar is near zero).
         | 
         | Gas prices in Europe vary by region, but are pretty much
         | determined by gas transport capacities to Germany. Ie. Germany
         | has the highest prices because of government mandates to fill
         | storage. Any place with good gas transport links also has high
         | prices. Places with few/no pipelines to Germany and an
         | independent supply have low prices.
         | 
         | And that is why Germany is twice Finland (Finland gets gas from
         | Norway, and neither has big pipelines to Germany).
        
           | SnowHill9902 wrote:
           | Not really. That's the theoretical microeconomics approach if
           | all kWh were "rebid" instantaneously. In fact, wholesale
           | distributors can dampen the cost by diversifying in time
           | (with contracts), location (by distribution) and cost
           | (different plants).
        
           | doikor wrote:
           | > (Finland gets gas from Norway, and neither has big
           | pipelines to Germany).
           | 
           | Not really. Finland used to get gas from Russia but now it is
           | mostly from a pipeline through Estonia to Latvia where it
           | arrives in ships from wherever happens to be the cheapest (we
           | are in process of building the first LNG terminal in
           | Finland). Could be Norway but can also be USA, middle east,
           | etc
           | 
           | Finland just doesn't use much gas for electricity. What we
           | use mostly goes into industrial processes. We do have a
           | couple gas peaker plants but those are only used in the
           | winter if needed. Actual load balancing happens through hydro
           | (and imports from Norway/Sweden but that is also mostly
           | hydro)
        
             | ztrww wrote:
             | There is no LNG terminal in Latvia the closest one is in
             | Lithuania. Also AFAIK it doesn't even have enough capacity
             | for the three baltic states let alone Finland. So chances
             | are you most of the gas your buying through Estonia is
             | Russian, just sold be some reseller.
        
               | doikor wrote:
               | Ok I got the country wrong but it is being bought from
               | that terminal.
               | 
               | https://www.helen.fi/en/news/2022/helen-to-break-away-
               | from-r... with similar moves by the other gas buyers in
               | Finland.
               | 
               | Only pipeline connection from Russia to the Baltics is
               | this pipeline (Balticconnector) as it connects to the
               | Finnish gas grid that has its own pipeline to Russia and
               | through the national grids and the pipeline between
               | Lithuania and Poland that I guess allows access to the
               | Russian pipeline in Poland.
               | 
               | So no clue where Estonia would get that Russian gas from.
        
         | sneak wrote:
         | There is also an energy consumption tax in Germany:
         | 
         | https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stromsteuergesetz_(Deutschland...
         | 
         | I don't know if Finland has something equivalent or not.
        
         | nik736 wrote:
         | Politics
        
         | samsk wrote:
         | The primary reason is: Winter is coming...
         | 
         | But there is more:
         | 
         | - They wanted to be super green so lets go with sun and wind
         | 
         | - But, hey sun and wind are not reliable (not talking about
         | some problems that the grid is not very good prepared to handle
         | the peaks), especially not in winter
         | 
         | - Let's use gas to cover that, Russia is so friendly country,
         | and its all about business, what kind of maniac would stop
         | natural gas, when we pay billions for it
         | 
         | - Hmm, well there is 'a country' that is using natural gas to
         | do politics, but hey, they got Crimea now, what would they want
         | more, when we are still paying that billions to them. Let's
         | build another gas pipe, and pretend nothing can go wrong, while
         | ignoring that negativistic east-european countries preparing
         | for worst case scenario
         | 
         | - And, what about shutting down that completely functional
         | nuclear power plants ? We want to be green, lets do that.
         | 
         | - Oops, our lovely natural gas supplier attacked another
         | country
         | 
         | - Oops, our natural gas power plants are somehow costly to run
         | now, lets burn some coal
         | 
         | - Oops, coal is also getting a bit expensive
         | 
         | - Oops, our not very friendly natural gas supplier,
         | occasionally stops natural gas now
         | 
         | - Ooops, our natural gas reservoirs will be not full before
         | winter
         | 
         | - Oooops, winter is coming...
        
           | riskable wrote:
           | > They wanted to be super green so lets go with sun and wind
           | 
           | This is a complete mischaracterization of why Germany
           | invested so much into renewables. Like... 20 years ago?
           | Germany saw the writing on the wall when it comes to how they
           | were getting their energy which at the time was mostly coming
           | from coal. They didn't want to go Nuclear for whatever reason
           | so that left renewables and natural gas which wasn't
           | _preferred_ but it was still significantly better.
           | 
           | They didn't do it just to "be super green". They did it
           | because coal is all around bad and wasn't the future that
           | Germany wanted--and they were right. They absolutely made the
           | right decision back then and investments by the German
           | government are a big reason why solar is the cheapest form of
           | energy right now (thanks Germany!).
           | 
           | If anything they didn't invest _enough_ in renewables. They
           | obviously didn 't expect the effects of global warming to
           | come this quickly. A big reason why electricity is so
           | expensive is because the _rivers in France that supply water
           | to their nuclear reactors dried up_. I mean, how do you
           | predict something like that happening even 10 years ago? Even
           | if that was a possibility included in some climate change
           | report how seriously would politicians take such a
           | prediction?
        
             | samsk wrote:
             | I don't say that that being super green is bad, the problem
             | was to rely almost solely on natural gas (from those we
             | don't name) to stabilize the grid. Well, and now using that
             | bad coal to fix that... I don't know, that also doesn't
             | seem to be very wise, although I know, its only the
             | consequence of the first mistake, but it completely negates
             | what they tried to achieve.
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | Every single country relies on either natural gas or
               | hydro power to stabilize the grid. What alternative did
               | you expect?
               | 
               | If there is a problem, it's either on the share of the
               | generation that they decided to let for those
               | "stabilizing" sources (it is much larger than the short
               | term instabilities on their grid) or on the lack of
               | diversity of their supply.
        
             | doikor wrote:
             | I would say the big mistake was to only use pipelines to
             | Russia for gas. They should have built LNG terminals as
             | redundancy. And maybe push for another pipeline to Algeria
             | either through France and Spain or Austria/Switzerland and
             | Italy.
             | 
             | They basically left the door open to abusive trade partners
             | by not building any redundancy on such a critical resource.
             | And it is not just electricity Germany needs gas for as it
             | is also a very important resource for lots of industrial
             | processes (and used for heating a lot but that should be
             | replaced by heat air pumps)
             | 
             | Obviously such redundancy would have pushed up the price of
             | gas in the short term at least. Easy to say this stuff in
             | hindsight.
        
               | dasv wrote:
               | https://www.gem.wiki/Midi-Catalonia_Pipeline
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | I'm just going to point out that Trump said this exact
               | thing and was ridiculed for it:
               | https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2018/09/25/trump-
               | accuse...
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | I'm quite sick of that "reverse ad-hominen" attack on
               | politics of discrediting ideas just because somebody
               | stupid agrees with them.
        
         | zach_garwood wrote:
         | Finland has oil. Germany imports oil from Russia.
        
           | weberer wrote:
           | You're thinking of Norway. Finland does not have any oil
           | reserves at all.
        
             | zach_garwood wrote:
             | You're right
        
           | jansan wrote:
           | Only 0.2% of the electricity is generated from oil in
           | Finland. But Finland produces a good quarter of its
           | electricity from nuclear power. Maybe that makes a
           | difference?
        
             | ztrww wrote:
             | It's hard to export electricity from Finland due to it's
             | geographic location and it's main connections are with
             | Sweden where electricity is also much cheaper than in
             | continental Europe.
        
               | doikor wrote:
               | And the national grids of Sweden and Norway can't really
               | keep up with the current load. The price of electricity
               | up north is dirt cheap due to lots of hydro but the grid
               | just can't get it to where the people are (south). So you
               | get crazy 100x price differences between the two ends of
               | the countries.
               | 
               | This is also why both Sweden and Norway want to invest
               | into new transfer lines to northern Finland as the
               | national grid of Finland is actually in good enough shape
               | that any electricity you get to any part of it can
               | actually be sold to a customer anywhere in the country.
               | This is why Finland is a single price zone when both
               | Sweden and Norway are split into multiple zones (4 and 5)
        
         | doikor wrote:
         | Gas and oil use for electricity is very low. Electricity is
         | over 85% renewable and nuclear with most of the rest coming as
         | industrial or district heating by products
         | 
         | District heating is quite often coal or oil for now but quickly
         | changing to non carbon forms.
         | 
         | Here is a real time view of the electricity market in Finland
         | https://www.fingrid.fi/en/electricity-market/power-system/
         | 
         | Germany on the other hand bet heavily into gas (and mostly as
         | pipelines to Russia without building any LNG terminals of their
         | own for redundancy) while trying to change over to renewables.
         | Now gas is very expensive and the change over is not finished
         | yet so they have to burn expensive gas and keep their old coal
         | plants running (very expensive in terms of co2 credits)
         | 
         | edit: Electricity is really expensive now in Europe in general
         | due to sanctions on Russia (and their retaliation cuts).
         | Hopefully the new Olkiluoto 3 reactor goes into full production
         | mode before winter to help a bit (it is running at partial
         | power during testing at the moment)
        
           | PinguTS wrote:
           | The problem is called Merit-Price-Fixation and is the method
           | used all over Europe to "define" the costs for energy. It is
           | also called Windfall earnings.
           | 
           | I heard that in Austria it is under discussion that this
           | method is not well suited for price fixation. I also heard
           | the first tones here in Germany.
        
           | jansan wrote:
           | Germany already had the highest electricity prices in the
           | world even when gas was cheap. Green energy has become an
           | ersatz-religion here.
        
             | PinguTS wrote:
             | Green energy is in the costs of 8 cents/Wh. Coal is more
             | expansive as gas always was. Only nuclear is calculated
             | with 2 cents/Wh ignoring the costs of the nuclear waste as
             | this paid for by taxes in addition.
        
               | dahfizz wrote:
               | Are you missing a 'k' or 'M' on those units? 8 cents per
               | watt-hour is obscenely expensive. A hibernating Mac m1
               | would cost over a dollar an hour. Just to hibernate.
        
               | PinguTS wrote:
               | Thanks for correcting.
        
               | netzego wrote:
               | Also ignoring the cost of cooling water they take for
               | free from rivers and habitats. As half of the German
               | water consumption are used for cooling gas, coil and atom
               | facilities. As stated in this article.
               | 
               | "In Deutschland zum Beispiel geht etwa die Halfte des
               | gesamten Wasserverbrauchs fur das Kuhlen der Atom-,
               | Kohle- und Gaskraftwerke drauf [...]"
               | 
               | https://www.heise.de/tp/features/Krisenstab-eingesetzt-
               | Atomd...
        
               | Nimitz14 wrote:
               | Pretty sure that's included.
        
               | netzego wrote:
               | Pretty sure? Like it is gut feeling? If you can read
               | German, here you can find an article from the Linke
               | party. There are several of links to papers from the
               | German government to the cost of that mess. I don't want
               | to offend you, but your comment has really no value and
               | also is wrong.
               | 
               | https://www.hubertus-zdebel.de/atommuell-kommt-teuer-
               | offizie...
        
               | PinguTS wrote:
               | Nope, if you want to make a true comparison, then nuclear
               | is in the costs of about 40 Cents/kWh instead of the
               | postulated 2 Cents/kWh.
               | 
               | Because as we do not have a final deposit for nuclear
               | waste there are no costs for it. There are only models
               | with suggested costs. But all of this is not priced into
               | it.
               | 
               | A German paper produced by the independent
               | "Wissenschaftlicher Dienst des Bundestages": https://www.
               | bundestag.de/resource/blob/887090/1867659c1d4edc...
        
               | doikor wrote:
               | There is no way storing the spent fuel would cost so much
               | that it would generate 38c/kWh of costs.
               | 
               | For example the total lifetime costs of Onkalo (Finlands
               | spent nuclear fuel storage site) is estimated to be 3.5
               | billion.
               | 
               | Lets take the new OL3 reactor as a example. It produces
               | at 1600MW which comes to around 14 million MWh in a year
               | so 14 billion kWh per of electricity produced yearly
               | (slightly less in reality with downtimes for refueling
               | and maintenance). That would mean that if storing the
               | spent fuel would actually cost 38c/kWh just OL3 would
               | generate ~5.3 billion euros worth of fuel storage costs
               | per year which is more then Onkalo lifetime total costs.
               | And OL3 has a planned operational life of 60 years.
               | 
               | And Onkalo is supposed to store all of Finlands already
               | produced spent nuclear fuel and the fuel produced in the
               | next 100 years.
               | 
               | Even if you add dismantling costs of the plants at the
               | end of their lifetime there is no way to get to such
               | crazy numbers even if it costs 2 or 3 billion euros per
               | reactor to rid of. Lets say with 60 year lifetime of OL3
               | you get around 840 billion kWh produced and decomissions
               | costs 5 billion it would be ~0,6c/kWh of cost. Yes it
               | costs but not tens of cents. For the older plants that
               | produce less it would be around 1c/kWh.
               | 
               | In Finland they started to collect money into a fund for
               | decomissioning and spent fuel storage in the 80s and it
               | currently has a bit over 20 billion euros in assets (the
               | fund invests the money on markets so it fluctuates
               | obviously). So basically they try to do their best to
               | estimate how much money they need to save and collect it
               | during the lifetime. For now it looks like the amount has
               | been roughly correct. And still the for profit companies
               | keep investing into new nuclear plants with this cost
               | already in the price so it doesn't seem to be too much.
        
               | netzego wrote:
               | That is only right if we completely ignore the cost of
               | the final disposal and such. As always in this
               | calculations they forget to add the cost for the 15.7
               | billion years of nuclear waste maintenance. If we talk
               | about the cost for the normal consumers (tax payers) this
               | must be included. Don't you think? But if we do the
               | profit talk, you're totally right. What a fantastic
               | business model this is, isn't it?
        
               | rndgermandude wrote:
               | What, the nuclear waste handling, long term storage and
               | disposal, as well as disposal of old nuclear plants? It
               | is not really included in any of the price calculations
               | I've seen around Germany, when it comes to what either
               | the plant operators put out (in their business reports),
               | the nuclear lobby is publishing or the politicians are
               | quoting.
               | 
               | One of the most used metrics is the so called Levelized
               | Cost of Electricity (LCOE). The LCOE includes investment,
               | maintenance and operation, fuel and "carbon" costs, as
               | well as waste costs. However, the waste costs are only
               | calculated for the years of operation, so it's not really
               | a great number to look at in terms of actual total cost.
               | 
               | Regardless, the LCOE the German federal government uses
               | is 4-8 cents/kWh for onshore wind, 2-6 for photovoltaic,
               | 14-19 for nuclear.
               | 
               | The (former) nuclear plant operators in Germany are
               | required to pay into a fund that is meant to be used for
               | covering the costs of decommissioning and disposal of the
               | plants, as well as long term storage (except not
               | everything is covered[0]). This is not included in the
               | LCOE. Anyway, operators are required to pay a total of 47
               | billion EUR into that fund[1].
               | 
               | The old East German plants that got shut down right after
               | the German reunification and are in the process of slowly
               | being deconstructed and disposed of[2] are now estimated
               | to cost 3-7 billion EUR a piece for full disposal (but
               | not storage). If that's any indication, even when
               | considering "lessons learned" will lower costs for future
               | decommissioning and deconstruction, those 47 billion EUR
               | is very unlikely to cover the eventual costs of
               | deconstructing those 20-odd decommissioned German nuclear
               | facilities and store spent fuel and contaminated
               | materials for the first few decades. Some economists from
               | the DIW (the private German Institute of Economic
               | Research, not exactly tree huggers) calculated the
               | eventual cost until 2100 will be closer to 169 billion
               | EUR in 2019s money.
               | 
               | There are some eco lobbying organizations - obviously not
               | without their own bias - that make claims such as "the
               | true cost of nuclear is 42.2 cents/kWh while wind is 8.1
               | cents/kWH"[3]. I have previously looked through their
               | numbers and argument in more detail, and it sounded
               | mostly very sound to me, however I am a layperson.
               | 
               | Regardless, the fact is: we do not actually know yet the
               | total cost of nuclear power.
               | 
               | [0] E.g. German tax payers have spent 1.5 billion EUR
               | just on exploring potential long term storage sites so
               | far. Just exploring.
               | 
               | [1] This is still litigated a bit, as the German
               | legislature only really had the great idea to make a law
               | about that in 2016. That's another reason nobody
               | historically included it or now includes it in the LCOE.
               | 
               | [2] E.g. the old Greifswald plant. When it operated, it
               | employed 10,000 people. Now 32 years after it officially
               | ceased operation in 1990, it still employs around 1,000
               | people. Full deconstruction and disposal is now expected
               | to happen by 2028 and will eventually have accumulated
               | costs of a total of 6.5 billion EUR according to the
               | company in charge of the disposal. Not including long
               | term storage costs. Since the operator of those things
               | used to the East Germany, it's now the Federal Republic
               | of Germany's full responsibility to pay for that.
               | 
               | [3] https://www.bund-
               | sh.de/energie/atomkraft/hintergrund/die-wah...
        
         | bungle wrote:
         | This picture shows you this crazyness:
         | https://lampopumput.info/foorumi/attachments/1660195161813-p...
         | 
         | In north Norway the electricity costs: 0.75 c/kWh In south
         | Norway the electricity costs: 307.00 c/kWh In Latvia it costs:
         | 1,240.00 c/kWh
         | 
         | It is like that every day everywhere in Europe. In Finland the
         | transfer line to Estonia means a lot to our local prices. If we
         | cannot get that line fully utilised (in normal non-windy day,
         | and I bet producers want it to stay around 99%), it means that
         | prices are fixed to Estonia (which you can see in that
         | picture). If we get the line fully loaded, Finland divides to
         | its own market and prices drop considerably.
         | 
         | In Norway and Sweden you can see multiple prices inside a
         | country. It is because their internal lines are not sturdy
         | enough to transfer enough electricity to south (in nordics it
         | is common that electricity is made at north (e.g. a lot of
         | rivers), but needed at south). The random energy (wind) has
         | made this quite crazy. On windy days, the electricity price can
         | even be negative. But wind energy is not reliable at all. But
         | nobody builds or wants to run anything else as wind is easily
         | the cheapest on windy days, and it is not that easy to always
         | start and stop other facilities, which operate with losses on
         | windy days. In general Germany jumped to a dwell, and everyone
         | followed, and now we are where we are.
        
           | jve wrote:
           | > In Latvia it costs: 1,240.00 c/kWh
           | 
           | Note that this is particular price point today (11.08.2022)
           | at 12 - 13. Record was some other day for 2100 c/kWh.
           | 
           | However at particular moment, you can get 27 c/kWh fixed
           | price contract. (last year it was 6 c/kWh)
        
           | NorwegianDude wrote:
           | It's not that the energy is made in in the northern parts of
           | Norway. Most energy is from the south west of Norway, but the
           | southern parts of Norway has connections to other parts of
           | Europe and is affected by the energy crisis in Europe.
           | 
           | But the part about capacity internally is true, so the
           | average price in northern Norway today is 0.00061
           | EUR/kWh(yes, you read that correctly) while it's 0.35 EUR/kWh
           | in the south. That's 574 times as expensive!
           | 
           | Norway is making a ton of money on energy export now.
        
       | cbmuser wrote:
       | The result of shutting down nuclear plants. -\\_(tsu)_/-
        
         | wewxjfq wrote:
         | In France, yes.
        
         | upupandup wrote:
         | Well the green energy proponents (which we are now learning
         | were on the payroll of Gazprom lobbyists) launched a FUD
         | campaign against nuclear plants which were completely safe and
         | working fine post-Fukushima.
         | 
         | This chess move by Putin is paying dividends because Germany is
         | shifting towards populism/right wing as is the trend in Western
         | Europe (can you really blame Parisians?) and realizing it can't
         | replace Russian gas without incurring serious internal turmoil
         | and economic ruin.
         | 
         | Now we are seeing this impact everything. Even hetzner isn't
         | safe.
        
         | cgeier wrote:
         | While I'm a fan of nuclear power myself, I don't think this is
         | true. Nuclear is only good for base loads, current high prices
         | are mostly driven by peak demand.
        
           | thatguy0900 wrote:
           | Wouldn't it be the case that the nuclear portion would be
           | price stable, so any fluctuations in say the last 30% of
           | power to reach peak power would be less severe in the final
           | bill?
        
             | wewxjfq wrote:
             | No, the most expensive power plant defines the price.
        
       | tzahifadida wrote:
       | Worth it, especially because of the reasons the prices of
       | electricity went up.
        
         | spaceheater wrote:
         | Worth how? Sanctions achieved nothing on the military front. Is
         | it more of a scaremongering thing? 'If we didn't do it, things
         | would have been much worse'?
        
           | tzahifadida wrote:
           | I am not talking about strategy but my own feeling that I
           | don't mind to pay the increase. My wife family was wiped out
           | in the holocaust. I don't think that sitting and doing
           | nothing is a better option. And I do really not wanting to
           | start an argument about it. As I said, it is a feeling and I
           | am not a general and I have no knowledge of what is best.
        
             | GeorgeWBasic wrote:
             | "We have to do something. This is something. Therefore, we
             | have to do this."
             | 
             | Never mind that it doesn't have any positive effect, and a
             | lot of negative effects.
        
             | spaceheater wrote:
             | I am discussing the idea in general. That's perfectly fine
             | if you personally don't agree. Although I do not agree that
             | there are only two options: 1) Do this, 2) Do nothing. It
             | is always possible to.. 3) Do something else.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | German here. The causes of Germany's sky high electricity
           | prices are not the Ukraine war.
           | 
           | A large part of the current spot price hike is the French bet
           | on going all-in on nuclear: first, half the reactors is
           | offline because they are simply broken down - they bet on
           | Flamanville to replace parts of the extremely aged fleet
           | which infamously failed. Then, the drought led to rivers
           | drying up which means the reactors that are operational
           | simply cannot get cooled, which led to a further reduction in
           | capacity right when AC demands a lot of power, which in turn
           | led to the French buying a shitload of capacity from Germany,
           | and our spare capacity is mostly gas peaker plants since we
           | phased out many coal stinkers over the last year.
           | 
           | The second part is regulatory... the fees that have to be
           | paid for by everyone other than heavy industry for
           | modernizing the grid and build out renewables are a large
           | part, as well as the taxes that add on top of that.
           | 
           | And the last part is that states like Bavaria did their very
           | best to impede the build-out of renewable energies
           | (especially wind farms) and, worse, transit lines that could
           | ship cheap North Sea wind energy to Bavaria - that led to an
           | oversupply in the North where wind and solar have had to tune
           | out because the energy could not be transferred to where it's
           | needed.
        
             | tzahifadida wrote:
             | If that is the case then the whole point is mute. However,
             | what about Finland which was also specified?
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | collegeburner wrote:
       | aaaand thank goodness i'm on an american server host or else i'd
       | probably be getting the same rn.
        
       | nikolay wrote:
       | Russophobia is a costly endeavour!
        
       | rr888 wrote:
       | Its fascinating that electricity is really the biggest cost of
       | computing. I put a server in my house which was supposed to save
       | money, but actually the electricity cost was something I hadn't
       | thought of and really adds up. esp when the AC has to run to
       | remove the extra heat. So much old hardware out there but its
       | going to get junked as new hw is more efficient.
        
         | PeterisP wrote:
         | It's like with refrigerators - when some years ago it was both
         | cost-efficient and even 'green' to scrap working refrigerators
         | and replace them with new ones, because the difference in
         | improved energy efficiency meant that the electricity cost
         | savings outweighed the cost of the new refrigerator already
         | within a year or two and the reduced pollution from less
         | electricity (at the time, fossil fuels) outweighed the
         | environmental cost/waste of making that new refrigerator.
        
           | Timshel wrote:
           | Not the first time I see someone saying this for
           | refrigerators and I don't understand how it could be
           | possible.
           | 
           | From what I can find even in extreme case it's not true. Even
           | with a fridge from 1972 which averaged 1726kw/h (Source: http
           | s://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev.energy.27....)
           | to a more recent one which will probably be around 400kwh.
           | And with the kwh at 0.15$
           | (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/APU000072610).
           | 
           | You obtain a reduction of (1726-400) * 0.15 ~= 200$ a year.
           | 
           | I believe the average refrigerator price in the USA is over
           | 400$ so I can't understand where the 2 years figure would
           | come from without even talking about trying to supposedly be
           | "green" ... And after 1988 you are down to 800kwh so you
           | would gain something like 60$ a year.
        
             | Macha wrote:
             | 1. Electricity in other countries is more expensive. e.g.
             | in Ireland it is EUR0.35/kwh (~$0.40).
             | 
             | 2. Other countries have smaller houses, therefore smaller
             | kitchens therefore smaller refrigerators. Between that and
             | higher energy efficiency standards in general, new
             | refrigerators in my local store vary from 230kwh (A energy
             | rating) to 260kwh (F energy rating) in power usage.
        
               | Timshel wrote:
               | For your second point it probably applied 10/20 years ago
               | too, then it means you have an even smaller budget to
               | make some economy.
               | 
               | So even when doubling electricity price I fail to see how
               | it could be possible to reach the two years originally
               | mentioned.
               | 
               | And I believe each time I have seen this 2 years figure
               | mentioned it was probably USA centric conversation. I'm
               | French and I had never heard of it before.
        
             | happyopossum wrote:
             | $0.15 is laughably cheap for some parts of the country...
             | Here in California it's not uncommon to pay 3x that, so
             | $600/yr in electricity saved by a $400 appliance is a huge
             | deal.
        
               | simfree wrote:
               | Even here in expensive Seattle our top rate (when you go
               | above 500kWh a month, which is $0.1056/kWh) is $0.1307
               | per kWh. If you go just north the top rate falls to
               | $0.10/kWh, and many PUDs in the state charge around half
               | that price.
        
             | massysett wrote:
             | Folks make these same sort of claims on high-efficiency
             | HVAC systems and I never get them to pencil out. The higher
             | efficiency doesn't pay for itself even over the entire
             | lifespan of the system.
             | 
             | Inevitably the people making these claims sell HVAC
             | systems.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | You can get some pretty cheap fridges
             | https://www.bestbuy.com/site/insignia-10-cu-ft-top-
             | freezer-r... - but as you suspect it's post-facto
             | justification of a purchase someone wanted to make anyway.
             | 
             | Once you account for manufacturing and disposal, running
             | the older is probably almost always better.
        
               | Timshel wrote:
               | Yes and it even has a lower energy usage : ~300kw/h :).
               | But since you probably upgraded from a similar one then
               | you are probably more inline with the 60$ I mention at
               | the end and not 200$.
               | 
               | From what I understand high end fridge are often less
               | efficient because of features like ice fountain or
               | freezer in the lower part with drawers instead of doors.
               | 
               | Anyway I'm thinking it's probably not just post-facto
               | justification because it looks too much like a seller
               | pitch and wondering where it comes from. I'm French and I
               | had never heard it.
        
             | tedunangst wrote:
             | I plugged my parents 1960 fridge into a kilowatt and it
             | used so little power I had to leave it plugged in for
             | several days to make sure I got a reasonable reading.
             | Something like 2 kwhr per day. So it would take about five
             | years for a replacement to pay for itself if the
             | replacement ran on nothing but happy thoughts.
        
         | spurgu wrote:
         | Well the electricity prices (according to the article) rose 55%
         | in Germany and 83% in Finland, while the server prices are just
         | going up by 10%, so electricity is just a part of it.
        
         | Loic wrote:
         | In Germany, my rule of thumb was that a constant 1W load is
         | 1EUR/year. This year, I had to update it, it is now more
         | something like 3EUR/year. The increase is so important I am
         | still not sure if my calculations are right!
         | 1W x 24h x 365 = 8760Wh        My current price: 0.33EUR/kWh
         | (100% renewable)        8.76kWh x 0.33EUR/kWh = 2.89EUR
        
           | ghosty141 wrote:
           | This lines up with my experience, I use ~2/3EUR per year per
           | watt
        
           | zapt02 wrote:
           | You can use Nord Pool data for the last couple of years to do
           | estimations.
           | 
           | https://www.nordpoolgroup.com/en/Market-
           | data1/Dayahead/Area-...
        
             | ReadTheLicense wrote:
             | You have day-ahead pricing at home? Please tell me how
        
               | bungle wrote:
               | Yes, you just purchase your electricity with a market
               | price contract (usually with added margin) and every day
               | the next day prices are published around 3pm Finnish time
               | (perhaps 12 UTC). Then just use the free APIs to load
               | data and use the data to adjust when you spend
               | electricity on what. E.g. to charge EV on cheapest hours,
               | or load batteries, or when you fire up your electric
               | Sauna...
               | 
               | These days the price is different for every hour, in near
               | future they move to 1/4 hour pricing.
               | 
               | About 10% of finnish household contracts are market price
               | contracts. Most of the contracts are kinda continuous
               | (price changes every 12 months) or fixed (e.g. a two year
               | fixed price contract).
        
               | simongray wrote:
               | This is also common in Denmark. You get the new estimated
               | hour-by-hour rates around noon the day before.
               | 
               | I actually made a little calendar subscription service[1]
               | to help our household plan when to run the dishwasher,
               | drier etc. and we've saved about 50% this quarter despite
               | the rising electricity costs. You can usually tell when
               | it's cheap/almost free too just by sticking your head out
               | the window, since it's mostly always the cheapest on
               | especially windy days.
               | 
               | [1] https://el.simongray.dk/
        
               | joneskoo wrote:
               | Spot price (+margin) contracts became common in Finland
               | at least some years ago. Most energy companies provide
               | them now. The margin is something like 0.30-0.40
               | cent/kWh.
               | 
               | We buy energy from any Finnish seller with contract
               | separate from transfer of electricity (a natural
               | monopoly).
        
               | simfree wrote:
               | That margin is more than many commercial and industrial
               | customers pay in Washington State.
               | 
               | In the cheaper public utility districts here, the per kWh
               | price is only double those rates, with no time of day
               | pricing or similar shenanigans.
        
           | mqus wrote:
           | My rule was something like 2Eur /10W/Month(~2A 5V Raspi)
           | which comes down to 2,4Eur/W/Y.
           | 
           | Just for my curiosity though, Where did your 1Eur come from?
           | The prices were >20ct for 10 years now. Or do you calculate
           | without taxes and stuff?
        
             | Loic wrote:
             | I suppose it was a "left over" from my time in France where
             | the price was just above 10ct/kWh.
        
           | aaronax wrote:
           | I use $1 USD per watt per year, with electric prices around
           | $0.10/kWh. Good enough to inform decisions like whether to
           | leave a light on all the time ($5/year) or whether to
           | purchase a NAS vs. used server ($40 vs. $300 per year).
           | 
           | I guess my prices are actually a little over $0.10 and a watt
           | over a year is a little under 10,000Wh as shown in your
           | calculations, so those offset to make the estimate even more
           | accurate (than necessary).
        
             | bushbaba wrote:
             | In sf electricity is closer to 4x that rate.
        
               | happyopossum wrote:
               | if you're a PG&E customer, at top tier it's well over 4x,
               | and closer to 5x, and since so many people WFH now, many
               | more are paying in the top tier.
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | I just signed a new contract at 18.9C//kWh + delivery.
               | That's up from last year's contract rate of 8.1C//kWh.
               | 
               | With the way the world is today, we'll all be paying SF
               | prices soon.
        
               | simfree wrote:
               | California's power market is heavily distorted by the
               | private utilities needing to make a profit, extreme cost
               | of living, and a need to import power from other states.
        
           | cbmuser wrote:
           | You don't get 100% renewable in Germany. The mix is 50%
           | renewables, the rest is nuclear, coal and natural gas.
           | 
           | With nuclear being phased out for ideological reasons and
           | natural gas being scarse due to the war in Ukraine, Germany
           | will soon burn more coal than ever.
           | 
           | New electricity contracts already go as high as 70 Cents/kWh
           | thanks to the misguided energy policy in Germany.
        
             | highwaylights wrote:
             | The rush _out_ of nuclear fission power still shocks me.
             | 
             | It's a miracle fuel. It really is wonderful. It solves
             | climate change almost by itself, or it would have, had
             | Chernobyl and Fukushima not been reported so irresponsibly.
        
               | LadyCailin wrote:
               | It seems like that might be changing again though, now
               | that non-renewable energy prices are so high.
        
               | wasmitnetzen wrote:
               | It would be miracle fuel if _any_ country in the world
               | would have solved the waste problem by now. Finland is
               | close, but still not done.
        
               | vbezhenar wrote:
               | Russia recycles nuclear waste into nuclear fuel.
        
               | watsocd wrote:
               | Research what France does. They recycle the waste because
               | it is not waste, it just needs processing and can be used
               | again. https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/frances-
               | efficiency-in-t...
        
               | belter wrote:
               | "The history behind Germany's nuclear phase-out":
               | https://www.cleanenergywire.org/factsheets/history-
               | behind-ge...
        
               | sveme wrote:
               | No one knows where to put the trash. That was the major
               | reason for the phase-out, that no one knew how to handle
               | that. I'm just the messenger, don't shoot me.
               | 
               | And please do not come up with future inventions that
               | will magically remove that issue, that does not help.
               | 
               | Btw, it wasn't really a rush, it was started more than 30
               | years ago by not building new nuclear power plants. Many
               | of the power plants are actually at the end of their
               | lifetime anyway.
        
               | MatthiasPortzel wrote:
               | Burning coal on the other hand has a waste disposal
               | mechanism built in! The carbon atoms are converted into
               | CO2, a harmless gas that we can release into the
               | atmosphere without any consequences.
        
               | espadrine wrote:
               | > _No one knows where to put the trash_
               | 
               | They do, though. That is where the "trash" is. They have
               | become so adept at it, they made a museum out of one
               | facility[0].
               | 
               | Two misconceptions that benefit from being clarified:
               | 
               | 1. There is very little waste for the amount of energy
               | produced. If we only used nuclear, it would amount for 40
               | grams per person per year[1].
               | 
               | 2. The waste is not trash, it is extremely valuable. It
               | was valuable in the ground, and it is still valuable out
               | of the ground; just not for the particular reactor that
               | it came from.
               | 
               | [0]: https://www.covra.nl/en/radioactive-waste/the-art-
               | of-preserv...
               | 
               | [1]: https://whatisnuclear.com/factoids.html
        
               | KennyBlanken wrote:
               | You're talking about fuel, and we're talking about trash.
               | 
               | From refinement to the reactor and spent fuel processing,
               | the nuclear power industry generates a huge amount of
               | trash that is low-grade radioactive and thus cannot be
               | just dumped in a landfill.
               | 
               | The nuclear industry has had over seventy years to get
               | their act together regarding fuel recycling. They'd
               | rather just dump it into pools on-site because it's
               | cheapest and makes it Someone Else's Problem. It's the
               | same attitude of the chemical industry from the 1950's:
               | dump it in a hole and let someone else deal with it after
               | you've long since left.
               | 
               | Here's an idea: let's spend the money on wind turbine
               | blade, battery, and solar panel repurposing and recycling
               | instead.
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | > Here's an idea: let's spend the money on wind turbine
               | blade, battery, and solar panel repurposing and recycling
               | instead.
               | 
               | The two is not exclusive. You do need stable base energy
               | production and none of the renewables solve it well.
               | Hydro could do it, but the locations where it is
               | appropriate are few and it has quite a big ecological
               | impact in and of itself.
        
               | espadrine wrote:
               | What is the kill count for this low-grade radioactive
               | "trash" per TJ? What is the volume per TJ?
               | 
               | The coal industry has convinced the ecologists to require
               | titanic standards from literally every green energy
               | source, especially the one with the most stable output.
               | 
               | > _Here 's an idea: let's spend the money on wind turbine
               | blade, battery, and solar panel repurposing and recycling
               | instead._
               | 
               | I am into doing that, AND the nuclear stuff. No need to
               | tie an anchor to our ankle while we try to metaphorically
               | swim back to the surface.
        
               | tuetuopay wrote:
               | > No one knows where to put the trash. That was the major
               | reason for the phase-out, that no one knew how to handle
               | that.
               | 
               | We know so well how to handle it that we are wondering
               | how to keep people out of the storage places in the event
               | of a civilization collapse. That is, where current
               | languages are forgotten and we forget what nuclear is.
               | That's how advanced in storage we are.
        
               | Mo3 wrote:
               | I'm almost anxious to ask, I know very little about the
               | topic, but I've been wondering if it wasn't a viable
               | option to just shoot the waste into space? I know it's
               | prohibitively expensive to do that as of now, but seeing
               | what they're doing with Spinlaunch..
        
               | AuryGlenz wrote:
               | I'm sure someone here can do the math, but it takes a lot
               | of energy to get things not just in space, but out of the
               | Earth's gravity. You don't want that nuclear waste
               | raining back down. It's far easier, cheaper, and more
               | fool proof to just bury it deep.
        
               | kej wrote:
               | In addition to the raw costs of moving anything into
               | space, there is the contingency cost of what happens if
               | the launch goes wrong. A new satellite blowing up on the
               | launchpad is bad, but a cargo of nuclear waste exploding
               | a few seconds after liftoff is catastrophic.
        
               | Mo3 wrote:
               | True, that sounds reasonable..
        
               | gizmo wrote:
               | That's not true. Nuclear waste is so minimal in volume
               | nuclear power plants can just sweep it under the carpet.
               | Or more specifically, just store it on-site. Modern
               | nuclear reactors can even use the waste of old reactors
               | as fuel and reduce it by another 80% or so. Dealing with
               | nuclear waste is really no big deal. At least for medium
               | term storage.
               | 
               | Storing waste so you don't have to look after it for
               | thousands of years is admittedly more difficult. Then
               | again, future generations are always impacted by the
               | choices we make today and I'm pretty sure the kids 300
               | years from now would rather deal with the cleanup of our
               | nuclear waste than with the consequence of global
               | warming.
        
               | atq2119 wrote:
               | Meanwhile France, a famously pro-nuclear country, has to
               | shut down many of its nuclear power plants in summer
               | because they can't cool them adequately.
               | 
               | (Yes, I'm sure issues can be fixed. Point is, nuclear has
               | an awful lot of practical problems for supposedly being
               | miraculous.)
        
               | forty wrote:
               | Yeah, I'm French and I'm a bit sad that people seems to
               | deal with nuclear energy as if it was some kind a
               | religious thing. Both sides, anti nuclear who seem to
               | ignore the great benefits it can bring and the pro
               | nuclear who can't seem to see how it sucks (not because
               | it's dangerous or not green, but because it's expensive
               | and doesn't work half of the time because of maintenance
               | or heat - oh and also because we cannot build new reactor
               | in reasonable time and budget anymore )
        
               | kaba0 wrote:
               | It still produces plenty of energy, and that much more
               | would you have to create mostly from coal otherwise.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | No, they didn't fix it but is has gone better. Today
               | 25338 MW from nuclear. A year ago 37119 MW from nuclear.
               | So almost 1/3rd down.
               | 
               | Source: https://www.rte-france.com/en/eco2mix/power-
               | generation-energ...
        
               | AnonCoward42 wrote:
               | If you ignore the radioactive waste, it really is
               | wonderful, but we still don't have a single final depot
               | in Germany for it and it takes some 100k years to get rid
               | of it the natural way.
        
               | naniwaduni wrote:
               | "Takes a long time to become progressively less harmful"
               | is, if you think about it, an _improvement_ over  "never
               | really gets any less bad".
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | _It solves climate change almost by itself, or it would
               | have, had Chernobyl and Fukushima_
               | 
               | Every energy source is the perfect energy source, if you
               | choose to ignore its problems. Just like every operating
               | system is the perfect operating system if you overlook
               | its flaws.
               | 
               | Messing with atoms is better than burning fossil fuels,
               | but let's not pretend that it's perfect.
               | 
               |  _not been reported so irresponsibly._
               | 
               | "Blame the messenger" is an ancient, and irresponsible
               | game.
        
               | jjeaff wrote:
               | Blame the messenger is perfectly valid if the message is
               | not delivered accurately. I think the qualms people had
               | with the reporting of nuclear plant problems is that they
               | were overblown and scared people away from nuclear.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | It's possible to pay extra for only renewable electricity.
        
               | Zr40 wrote:
               | There isn't enough renewable energy yet to cover all
               | consumption. Which means that you paying extra is only an
               | administrative move. You're just swapping places with the
               | party that would otherwise have consumed the renewable
               | energy.
        
               | layer8 wrote:
               | You're financing the further development of renewables.
        
               | joss82 wrote:
               | No you can't (unless you do it yourself but the price is
               | extremely high if you want uninterrupted power). What
               | happens is: your provider purchase "green energy
               | certificates" which means that some green electricity was
               | generated on a sunny and/or windy day. When it's night
               | and the wind don't blow, you use coal and gas as everyone
               | else.
               | 
               | No storage is cheap enough to store solar and wind energy
               | on day-to-day scale, let alone seasonally.
               | 
               | Please don't let the brainwashing gets to you and inform
               | yourself.
        
               | highwaylights wrote:
               | There's a massive business opportunity for someone
               | willing to produce low density batteries for home use.
               | 
               | In a lot of countries customers are billed significantly
               | less during the night than during the day for
               | electricity, so the incentives already exist to make it
               | financially worthwhile if a home battery pack that can
               | provide a days typical use can be installed at a
               | reasonable cost.
               | 
               | This would substantially smooth out base load
               | requirements and mean that renewables could make up
               | substantially more of the energy mix.
        
               | joss82 wrote:
               | > There's a massive business opportunity for someone
               | willing to produce low density batteries for home use.
               | 
               | Can you explain why, please? I'm genuinely interested. I
               | don't understand how this would be anything other than
               | rich prepper niche market.
               | 
               | Installing batteries in all homes is going to be more
               | expensive than grid storage, since you will need to pay
               | more in total installation costs rather than installing
               | ginormous grid batteries (or reversible dams, where
               | feasible) in bulk.
        
               | highwaylights wrote:
               | My thinking on this is that if you don't need to pack the
               | energy storage into a small volume (like in a vehicle),
               | and if weight is less critically important (as it'll
               | occupy space in e.g. a garage), it opens up a lot more
               | options for storage medium (as an example, iron-flow
               | packs).
               | 
               | At scale the costs could come down quite substantially
               | given that the basic chemistry is iron, salt, water and
               | little else - at which point it's a substantial financial
               | boon to the customer given that they could see an up to
               | 50% reduction in their energy costs (going by tariffs in
               | my own region) to compensate.
        
               | aembleton wrote:
               | Couldn't the grid install these somewhere for less than
               | every home doing their own installation?
               | 
               | The net effect would be the same but might be cheaper
               | overall.
        
               | joss82 wrote:
               | My point exactly.
               | 
               | Iron flow sounds great though. Thanks for mentioning,
               | I'll look into it.
        
               | freemint wrote:
               | It could and it might even be more efficient. That
               | doesn't mean home installation is not a huge market
               | though. It also has access to different capital.
        
               | merb wrote:
               | > No you can't (unless you do it yourself but the price
               | is extremely high if you want uninterrupted power). What
               | happens is: your provider purchase "green energy
               | certificates" which means that some green electricity was
               | generated on a sunny and/or windy day. When it's night
               | and the wind don't blow, you use coal and gas as everyone
               | else.
               | 
               | that is bullshit. also besides that germany is small
               | compared to other countries and dense, there is no time
               | of the day where its nowhere windy nor sunny. so at the
               | moment there is just no need to purchase green energy
               | certificates for the bigger providers, they can either
               | buy power from other providers or they can produce their
               | green power. and also it does not matter, since if you
               | need 3kW and they can't deliver green power at the moment
               | they will deliver more green power later, thats how it
               | usually works.
               | 
               | > No storage is cheap enough to store solar and wind
               | energy on day-to-day scale, let alone seasonally.
               | 
               | also bullshit. it has nothing to do with cost, more with
               | there is no storage for everybody.
               | 
               | most providers that offer 100% green power actually do
               | generate the amount of power in green that you use (that
               | is their premise) of course they can't create different
               | power lines, thus it's a mix.
               | 
               | (in germany it's forbidden to mark your product as "100%
               | green power" if you buy certificates, of course you can
               | write it some where but if your contract states it, it
               | would be illegal, but there is a difference between
               | contract and marketing, of course...
               | Energiewirtschaftsgesetz - EnWG SS42)
        
               | reaperducer wrote:
               | _When it 's night and the wind don't blow, you use coal
               | and gas as everyone else._
               | 
               | Since this thread is about Germany, and not everyone on
               | HN reads threads in scope, it's worth pointing out that
               | this is not universal.
               | 
               | In most of Texas, for example, the wind blows most
               | fiercely -- and regularly -- at night. Solar power
               | contributes to the grid during the day, and wind power
               | picks up that generation loss when the sun goes down. I
               | once saw a graph of it from a utility regulator published
               | in a newspaper.
               | 
               | Not every geography is so lucky in this manner. But
               | because this is the global internet, it's important to
               | point out that solar and wind aren't exclusively daytime
               | sources on most of the planet.
               | 
               | What Germany needs is a source of wind that works at
               | night. I've read that Spain imports energy from North
               | Africa. Perhaps a more robust link in that direction is
               | the solution.
        
               | sveme wrote:
               | Wind blows over the north sea day and night.
        
               | HotHotLava wrote:
               | There are several power companies in Germany that are
               | offering 100% green power after X years, in the sense
               | that they're committing to constructing or buying new
               | green power plants with a generating capacity at least as
               | high as the amount sold X years ago.
               | 
               | The actual power from your outlet is going to be the same
               | no matter which company you buy from, but it's still
               | buying "green power" in a more meaningful way than a
               | zero-sum relabeling.
        
               | thatguy0900 wrote:
               | I'm curious what that actually accomplishes in non
               | marketing terms. That just means someone else is getting
               | less renewable electricity, right?
        
               | milicat wrote:
               | Well, it makes a difference what kind of energy supplier
               | turns a profit from your energy consumption. If you're
               | buying renewable energy from a company that still invests
               | into fossil fuels, it's fairly useless. If you buy it
               | from a company that mainly builds up renewable energy
               | production capacity, that helps the transition.
               | 
               | Of course, even a 100% renewable supplier needs to buy
               | from the market to smooth out peaks in energy consumption
               | for their customer base.
               | 
               | (disclaimer: i work for such a renewable energy supplier)
        
               | pavon wrote:
               | It depends on what other market forces there are. If the
               | utility has a government mandate to install more
               | renewable energy than there are renewable energy
               | customers, then it is like you say - just a book-keeping
               | exercise.
               | 
               | On the other hand, if there is no government mandate, or
               | if customer demand for renewable energy exceeds that
               | mandate, then it provides a profit incentive for the
               | utility to install/purchase more renewable energy.
        
               | pmyteh wrote:
               | One of the British '100% renewable' companies used to buy
               | renewable power and then _destroy_ their surplus
               | resellable renewable obligation certificates instead of
               | selling them (each supplier was obliged to hold
               | certificates covering x% of their supply, where x  <<
               | 100). That had the consequence that the renewable power
               | generated was genuinely additional, as the other
               | generators would have to get their renewable obligation
               | certificates from new generation rather than the
               | secondary market, at the margin.
               | 
               | They stopped, publicly reasoning that the proceeds from
               | selling certs could be used to build their own additional
               | renewable generation. I suspect it was just leaving too
               | much money on the table, though.
        
               | seb314 wrote:
               | Some providers promise to build new renewable capacity
               | that matches the consumption of their customers (not sure
               | about the timeframe). I'm not aware of any provider that
               | builds the required storage too, though
        
             | sdoering wrote:
             | With nuclear being 6.3 percent and the rest of this half of
             | the circle being coal and a bit of gas.
        
             | iwillbeshutup wrote:
        
             | longsword wrote:
             | It's not 100% renewable in the Mix. Thats not what he said.
             | It just means, that he picked a supplier, which exclusively
             | buys renewable energy on the energy market. Obviously it's
             | still the same energy mix, which arrives on your house. But
             | your money won't support Coal Power Plants.
        
         | iforgotpassword wrote:
         | Don't use a "server" server, unless you _really_ need that. Use
         | a desktop from a few years ago, from some oem who advertises
         | power efficiency. Stuff it full of hdds and ram.
         | 
         | I've made very good experiences with Fujitsu. The power
         | consumption figures they publish in their energy consumption
         | white papers has been matching my measurements very well, so
         | you can check ebay for used machines that match your
         | performance/price expectations and then google eg "p920 energy
         | white paper" and check the pdf. (Note, some models are
         | available with different PSUs, ie 90+ and 85+.)
         | 
         | My "home server" mostly idles at 14W with one hdd running, one
         | in standby and one ssd.
        
           | carlhjerpe wrote:
           | This is the way. You don't need high density at home
           | (usually) so don't pay the price for it. Get a mobo with ECC
           | ram that fits an ATX case if you want server grade stuff. If
           | you don't use stupid tech like VMware it won't eat your
           | resources either (not that VMware is bad in a datacenter, but
           | it is quite resource hungry in comparison to virt-manager or
           | Proxmox).
           | 
           | I mean unless databases or Java are your favorite things in
           | the world.
           | 
           | Configure power saving as well, that way your CPU really
           | doesn't consume a lot.
        
             | mistrial9 wrote:
             | > mobo with ECC ram that fits an ATX case
             | 
             | yes, and careful choice of graphics card; GPU computing is
             | special purpose and can be costly in an urban area
        
               | carlhjerpe wrote:
               | Indeed, I don't know how dense the megascalers build, it
               | looks less dense than what I see at work compared to the
               | few videos that are out there.
        
           | npteljes wrote:
           | Same conclusion here. Initially I used an old notebook with
           | USB cases for full-size HDDs, nowadays it'n an older desktop
           | PC in a midi tower, with some extra memory and HDDs. Idle
           | power is <20W, which is most of the time. I really wanted a
           | proper server for the cool factor, but it's just so expensive
           | to maintain.
        
             | psy-q wrote:
             | Were there significant downsides to the laptop solution?
             | 
             | I have a similar setup with a NUC mounting storage from a
             | small ARM-powered NAS, but I was thinking of changing this
             | to an old ThinkPad X230 with just internal storage and
             | offsite backup.
        
               | npteljes wrote:
               | It was a really old beater, and the problems, I think,
               | stemmed from there - think of electrical problems,
               | because of old USB ports and such. Otherwise it was
               | chugging along like a champ. What I like in my current
               | setup more, is that I could upgrade it as my needs
               | increased - in the desktop, I could fit 5 HDDs and 20G
               | RAM, impossible with my old laptop.
        
           | rz2k wrote:
           | Take a look at the Tiny Mini Micro[1] project from Serve the
           | Home for some very enthusiastic reviews of small 1 liter-
           | sized desktop computers from Lenovo, Dell, and HP. I use a
           | tiny Lenovo that's been rock solid, and uses almost no power.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.servethehome.com/introducing-project-
           | tinyminimic...
        
         | difflens wrote:
         | I've been wondering over the past few months if we can build a
         | "public" cloud. I have some old machines gathering dust, I'm
         | sure others do too. Is it feasible to build an ad-hoc network
         | of such computers where the compute power is rented out. For
         | ex: I can connect my old lenovo i5 laptop to this network for
         | 6hrs a day and charge 1.2x my electricy cost. Sort of like on
         | demand EC2 instances, but backed by torrent like tech. It'd
         | make computers pay for themselves over time
        
         | kappuchino wrote:
         | In order to keep my eletricity bill for a running system in my
         | apartment to then minimum I researched the specs & prices from
         | the "The Power Consumption Database"[1] and found an intel nuc
         | running on 5watts idle. Thats the same class of power
         | consumption of a raspi 4 8GB, but easier to maintain. Now I'm
         | waiting for my a Coral TPU USB-Accelarator to keep the peak
         | consumption down for some recognition tasks in homeassistant.
         | 
         | [1]http://www.tpcdb.com/list.php?type=13
        
         | s1artibartfast wrote:
         | Electricity is a significant opex for many products including
         | Agriculture. For example, I've seen Farmers cost as high as 50%
         | for power, generally to move or pump water
        
         | amelius wrote:
         | As a rule of thumb, 1W costs about $1 per year.
        
         | wongarsu wrote:
         | There's a reason used servers are so cheap on ebay: if you run
         | them 24/7 their electricity cost makes them unattractive
         | compared to new hardware (often within a year).
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | They are still a great deal for burstable workloads or to use
           | as a workstation - only run it when needed so no need to run
           | 24/7.
           | 
           | If you need really cheap (and local!) compute for short
           | periods of time, picking up one of those servers can still
           | work out cheaper than renting from a cloud provider.
        
           | mynameisvlad wrote:
           | Highly disagree.
           | 
           | Said in another comment, my server averages around 100-200W.
           | It's equivalent to running a gaming PC.
           | 
           | The reason there's a lot of cheap servers on eBay is that
           | their support contracts expired and are absolutely
           | ridiculously expensive to maintain for a big company. It's
           | easier to get a new server (which will likely have
           | performance and efficiency upgrades as well) than to continue
           | maintaining a server that no longer has a support contract.
           | 
           | The reason there's not many servers in people's hands is size
           | and noise. Servers aren't meant to go in a house; most people
           | don't have server racks in their home. And by default, the
           | fans are jet engines, even behind closed doors.
        
             | Gasp0de wrote:
             | You probably live in the USA, because 200w 24/7 would cost
             | me about 600EUR/year which is definitely significant.
        
               | happyopossum wrote:
               | I live in the USA - California, and 150W 24/x would cost
               | about $550/yr. In fact it would cost me a lot more, as my
               | family shifted to time-of-use billing to save money
               | (yeah, it means we don't do certain things between 4-8pm,
               | but with some adjustment it's made a difference in our
               | bills).
        
               | collegeburner wrote:
               | one of the upsides to living in texas, lots of cheap wind
               | power lol. even with more expensive electricity i can
               | still run old hardware for cheap. means less e waste
               | also.
        
               | delroth wrote:
               | https://app.electricitymaps.com/zone/US-TEX-ERCO
               | 
               | Your cheap TX electricity is, unsurprisingly, mostly gas.
               | And if you look at data from 12h ago it was more coal
               | than wind.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | Yearly averages are probably the most sensible to look
               | at. Wind is at 20% which is still nothing to sneeze at:
               | 
               | > According to ERCOT, nearly half of Texas' electricity
               | was generated by natural gas-fired power plants in 2019.
               | Coal-fired plants and wind power each generated about 20
               | percent, while the state's two nuclear power plants --
               | the South Texas Project near Bay City and Comanche Peak
               | near Glen Rose -- supplied a total of 11 percent. Solar,
               | hydroelectric and biomass resources provided most of the
               | remainder
               | 
               | https://comptroller.texas.gov/economy/fiscal-
               | notes/2020/augu...
        
             | vorpalhex wrote:
             | A fan replacement and activating quiet mode on the server
             | (usually a bios option or sometimes a hardware tweak) helps
             | with the noise a ton at the cost of slightly less thermal
             | ceiling.
        
               | mynameisvlad wrote:
               | That's why I said "by default". I have done the IPMI
               | toggles needed to lower the fans but it's still not quiet
               | by any stretch of the imagination.
        
         | philjohn wrote:
         | This is why for my home server I didn't get second hand servers
         | but built the following in a 2U case that fits in my network
         | closet:
         | 
         | Asrock Rack c246 WSI (Mini ITX workstation board) 32GB DDR4 ECC
         | Udimms (16GB x2) Core i3 9100T (25w, low power 4 core part,
         | supports ECC, and quicksync) 6 IronWolf 4TB NAS drives
         | 
         | The 6 drives are in RaidZ2 so give 16TB usable space, and at
         | full pelt the max power consumption is 60W for everything.
        
           | mynameisvlad wrote:
           | My R730 averages at around 100-200W with two 12-core CPUs,
           | 128GB RAM and 8 12-14TB drives.
           | 
           | Servers are more efficient than people give them credit for.
           | It's close to a gaming PC in electricity usage. Certainly not
           | 60W (or what people can get with NUCs and RPi clusters) but
           | for the power I get, it's very much worth it.
        
             | happyopossum wrote:
             | If we average that out to 150W, that'd be 1250-1300Kwh/yr.
             | Current Bay Area electric prices means that'd cost in
             | excess of $500/yr to run. I'd say that servers are _not_
             | more efficient than people are giving them credit for...
        
               | manfre wrote:
               | Servers are more efficient when fully utilized. A
               | commercial grade server in a homelab is more likely to
               | idle all the time, making it very energy wasteful.
               | Servers need to be right-sized, instead of "more is
               | better".
        
               | mynameisvlad wrote:
               | And at Seattle prices, that's $150, so I don't exactly
               | see what the purpose of your anecdote is other than to
               | mention how pricy your electricity is.
               | 
               | Edit: But even at $500, that's pretty much the price of a
               | low-spec VPS or VM per year. So for a fairly low initial
               | price to buy the server, you're getting _far_ more
               | performance for the same price you 'd pay someone else to
               | use theirs.
        
             | philjohn wrote:
             | What's it like at idle though?
             | 
             | Since it's a home server, when it's not receiving backups
             | from computers in the house, or streaming media via Plex
             | it's sitting there at < 15w, which is low enough not to
             | worry about.
        
             | TylerE wrote:
             | I'd guess the issue isn't so much _peak_ consumption but
             | idle.
        
           | xemdetia wrote:
           | My favourite 'home server' board for a while was J3160DC-ITX,
           | which runs at 6W TDP and runs off a 12V brick.
        
       | lukeqsee wrote:
       | While the pricing is interesting, I think the fact it is driven
       | by the input costs of electricity is even more telling.
       | 
       | The fact that electricity costs is the dominating (edit,
       | correction: _marginal_ ) cost of cloud computing basically means
       | that:
       | 
       | 1) We're up against physical barriers to lowering the cost (and
       | ecological impact) of our clouds.
       | 
       | 2) Optimizing for less compute will pay multi-fold dividends over
       | the next few years where we can expect energy prices to continue
       | rising.
       | 
       | 3) Building more power-efficient chips is a big deal, and I'm
       | glad to see more general ARM deployment, given their efficiency
       | gains.
        
         | ericd wrote:
         | I wouldn't talk about "clouds" as being limited by energy
         | prices, as though they're uniform. Hetzner is much, much
         | cheaper than AWS/Azure/Google. There's a huge amount of
         | fat/gross margin that could be cut from the pricing of the big
         | ones.
        
         | adrianN wrote:
         | How many data centers already use waste heat for district
         | heating?
        
           | blitzar wrote:
           | gonna go out on a limb and say 0... made me look though and
           | apparently it is starting to happen.
           | 
           |  _In March (2022), Fortum and Microsoft announced our joint
           | plan for a ground-breaking data centre region in the
           | Helsinki, Finland metropolitan area. The data centres will
           | use 100% clean electricity and the waste heat they generate
           | will be used to heat homes, as well as business and public
           | premises in the area. I must say I am immensely proud of this
           | project - but I believe it's only the beginning._
        
         | ninjin wrote:
         | To be fair, Hetzner is _notorious_ for pushing down prices for
         | everything as far down as they can by any means necessary. So
         | this most likely makes their price point more sensitive than
         | many other providers to any cost increase. Here is a great
         | walk-through of one of their data centres [1] and you will see
         | how streamlined everything is down to the hardware components.
         | Nearly nothing goes to waste.
         | 
         | [1]: https://yewtu.be/watch?v=5eo8nz_niiM
        
           | aasasd wrote:
           | Those consumer PCs don't look too energy-efficient, though.
        
           | elcapitan wrote:
           | Wow, that's really cool. Love the old midi-towers.
        
           | miohtama wrote:
           | Hetzner has a data center in Finland as well. While the
           | electricity price in Finland is going up, it is not going up
           | as much as in Germany due to availability of nuclear power.
           | If you want to use Hetzner services I recommend picking a
           | location in Finland.
        
             | breakingcups wrote:
             | How is the peering to Finland nowadays? Last I heard it was
             | all still going through their German centres.
        
               | [deleted]
        
               | schroeding wrote:
               | From Telekom Germany:
               | 
               | Telekom -> Level3 (*.edge1.helsinki1.level3.net et al.)
               | -> Hetzner Helsinki (core*.hel1.hetzner.com)
        
           | lukeqsee wrote:
           | For sure, and I agree, but that's underscoring my point.
           | 
           | The marginal cost of cloud computing isn't capex, it's opex.
           | And of that opex, it's mostly electricity. We aren't paying
           | for the hardware so much as we're paying for the cost of
           | keeping it turned on and cool.
        
           | endorphine wrote:
           | Why "notorious" though? Isn't this a good thing for them and
           | for customers as well?
           | 
           | I would expect "famous", since this seems lika a
           | feat/achievement to me.
        
             | tikhonj wrote:
             | "Notorious" isn't always negative--the connotations of the
             | word depend on context (and probably regional use?) in
             | sometimes confusing ways.
        
               | galdosdi wrote:
               | Indeed! It's a really interesting usage. Maybe it
               | developed in a similar way as "badass" to convey a sense
               | of (positive, approved) vaguely dangerous wildness and
               | coolness.
               | 
               | It kind of makes sense here -- Hetzner's competitors
               | probably hate this "notorious" behavior of being so good
               | at ruthlessly[1] slashing prices
               | 
               | [1] See, another example of this sort of thing. Cool!
        
               | endorphine wrote:
               | Interesting, didn't know that. Thanks for elaborating!
        
           | kilroy123 wrote:
           | I mean if your competition is Amazon I image you'd have to be
           | like that.
        
             | scarab92 wrote:
             | Amazon's margins are astronomical. Hetzner doesn't need to
             | give up any where near as much consumer surplus as they do
             | in order to compete on price, but having a solid offering
             | at very low price point is how they have chosen to
             | differentiate themselves from other providers on the VPS to
             | cloud spectrum. Arguably they are competing more against
             | Linode, OVH, digital ocean etc..
             | 
             | Massive respect to them for linking the change to
             | electricity prices rather than just "inflation". They know
             | that by doing this there will be pressure to reverse the
             | increase once electricity prices normalise.
        
             | dannyw wrote:
             | Their competition charges XXX% markups on everything but
             | EC2...
        
               | greggyb wrote:
               | EC2 is definitely at a premium. If you are pricing CPU
               | and RAM, the big three cloud providers are near the top
               | of the pricing continuum. Hetzner is usually at or near
               | the bottom end of the pricing continuum.
               | 
               | If you are including the value-add of other cloud
               | features, then it is not a like-for-like comparison.
        
               | lima wrote:
               | EC2, particularly traffic, has massive markups too.
        
         | pfdietz wrote:
         | 4) Cloud computing will be outsourced to low energy cost
         | countries.
        
           | quintussss wrote:
           | I wonder if latency allows this
        
             | greggyb wrote:
             | It depends on your requirements. Serving user-facing
             | content is likely to be a task best suited to data centers
             | geographically close to the user base. There are plenty of
             | non-user-facing tasks that could be offloaded to another
             | location.
             | 
             | As an example, the product I am developing spends most of
             | its time calling third party APIs to do bulk data
             | extraction and processing. That can happen anywhere. After
             | data processing and some batch ETL work, we surface that to
             | our end users. The output of that ETL needs to go somewhat
             | close to our users, but everything else could easily happen
             | network-seconds away.
        
               | ruuda wrote:
               | With cloud egress cost though, moving the data to a low-
               | cost region could be expensive itself. I wonder when it
               | would pay off.
        
               | greggyb wrote:
               | I am not shipping more than 20TB/host/month:
               | https://www.hetzner.com/cloud
               | 
               | Also not shipping more than unlimited/host/month:
               | https://www.ovhcloud.com/en/vps/
               | 
               | Start with a cloud provider that is better in terms of
               | cost profile, and then move only the stuff that needs
               | wider distribution to a higher cost geo-distributed
               | provider.
        
         | tinus_hn wrote:
         | Or people will separate out heavy tasks that aren't time
         | critical to run them when power is abundant (when there's wind
         | or sun) and not when it's scarce.
        
           | amichal wrote:
           | People do.
           | 
           | https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252481957/Google-
           | creates...
        
           | philjohn wrote:
           | Some of the hyperscalers area already experimenting with this
           | - https://blog.google/inside-google/infrastructure/data-
           | center...
        
         | gadders wrote:
         | 4) Cloud computing and the electricity used is impacting
         | housing provision:
         | 
         | https://www.theregister.com/2022/08/01/london_electricity_su...
        
           | hgsgm wrote:
        
         | jbverschoor wrote:
         | ARM on desktop => ARM for development => ARM on servers => ARM
         | on cloud.
         | 
         | Apple's multi-billion contracts with AWS are ending this or
         | next year, Apple has their own power efficient systems and will
         | compete with AWS, as they have to maintain/increase growth.
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | > Apple has their own power efficient systems and will
           | compete with AWS
           | 
           | Are you saying Apple is going to roll out an AWS competitor
           | to the public? I find that highly unlikely.
        
             | Kye wrote:
             | This does seem to be the normal course for services
             | companies, and that's where Apple is headed.
        
             | riskable wrote:
             | I dunno. I could see it... As long as you access the
             | "iCloud Web Service" from an iDevice or a Mac there will be
             | loads of useful and functional tools and features for you
             | to take advantage of. It'll be 4x more expensive than AWS
             | but the integration with Apple's ecosystem will be
             | fantastic!
             | 
             | If you try to access it from a PC or an Android device
             | though you'll have your bandwidth throttled and all your
             | images will be reduced and compressed like it's 1999.
        
             | hnaccount_rng wrote:
             | They don't have anywhere close to the capacity to produce
             | the necessary amount of silicon
        
             | telesilla wrote:
             | What other verticals does it have to seek out next, if
             | growth is demanded by shareholders?
        
               | jaywalk wrote:
               | There's all kinds of consumer-oriented things they can
               | expand into, like they're currently doing with sports on
               | ATV+. I don't see how competing with AWS could ever work
               | out for them, absent some anti-competitive stuff like
               | allowing additional functionality for apps that use
               | AppleCloud for their backend.
        
               | acdha wrote:
               | Apple shareholders aren't demanding growth - they're
               | doing fine and given Apple's history it'd make more sense
               | to expand their consumer footprint, especially
               | internationally, since that's an area where Apple has
               | considerable strength.
               | 
               | Cloud computing is also a hard field to move into: you
               | need a significant amount of capital up front but
               | customers will be slow to migrate. Google is struggling,
               | I'm not sure what pitch Apple would come up with which is
               | obviously better.
        
             | aaaaaaaaaaab wrote:
             | But you'll only be allowed to deploy code that's been
             | reviewed by Apple.
        
               | Kye wrote:
               | That would be an interesting restriction/value-add. So
               | many things block cloud IPs due to the heavy abuse they
               | get from them. Apple could offer high deliverability IPs
               | and block clearing as services.
        
             | tcmart14 wrote:
             | I wouldn't be too surprised. They already have or are
             | rolling out cloud development environments with XCode
             | cloud.
        
             | jbverschoor wrote:
             | They used aws, gcp, azure.
             | 
             | The aws contract will end this or next year, I don't
             | recall.
             | 
             | They're offering Xcode cloud build.
             | 
             | It's only logical for them to also grab a piece of market
             | share of a highly profitable / high margin market.
             | 
             | They're doing the same with EV, AR, etc.
             | 
             | I am long apple
        
         | justapassenger wrote:
         | It's been like that for a long time (not only for cloud
         | computing, but any big IT infra). Power is everything. To a
         | point, that you measure datacenters in megawatts, when you
         | bring new HW to datacenters you most often talk about
         | improvement in compute per watt, not absolute compute.
         | 
         | It's not only because of the cost of power, but also because
         | power is something that's hard to increase in an existing
         | datacenter - you can put in new servers easily, but putting new
         | power lines and upgrading all the infrastructure is usually
         | just too expensive.
        
         | prirun wrote:
         | > The fact that electricity costs is the dominating cost of
         | cloud computing
         | 
         | In the article, they say that electricity has gone from .29 to
         | .45 euros, a 55% increase. If electricity was the dominating
         | cost, seems like they would have raised the price way more than
         | 10%.
        
           | adrian_b wrote:
           | Assuming that the 10% price raise is equal to the increase of
           | the electricity cost, that implies that after the increase
           | the cost of the electricity represents slightly more than 25%
           | of the price (which must also include the profit, besides the
           | other costs).
           | 
           | So the electricity is not really dominating the costs, but it
           | might still be the largest component of the cost.
           | 
           | There is an estimate that Amazon has a 61% profit margin for
           | cloud services. Hetzner must have a lower profit margin, but
           | nonetheless the electricity could be as much as half of the
           | costs.
        
           | lukeqsee wrote:
           | The article didn't seem to say how much they're raising
           | prices, only that they're raising prices due to electricity.
           | 
           | Where are you pulling seeing the price change %? I may need
           | to edit that to _marginal_ , if it's only 10%. :)
        
             | Majestic121 wrote:
             | The article gives the prices in a table in you scroll down
             | a bit :
             | 
             | electricity/air conditioning rate old price* new price*\
             | 
             | Germany EUR 0.29/kWh EUR 0.45/kWh
             | 
             | Finland EUR 0.12/kWh EUR 0.22/kWh
        
               | LeonidasXIV wrote:
               | That's the price for electricity/air conditioning
               | (presumably for Hetzner), not how much their products
               | will rise in price.
        
               | Majestic121 wrote:
               | It is the electricity/air rate for their colocation
               | service
        
             | michaelmior wrote:
             | > we are forced to increase the prices of many of our
             | products by approximately 10%
        
             | polaco wrote:
             | First paragraph: "we are forced to increase the prices of
             | many of our products by approximately 10%"
        
               | lukeqsee wrote:
               | Missed that. Thanks!
        
             | [deleted]
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | eternalban wrote:
         | > Optimizing for less compute will pay multi-fold dividends
         | over the next few years where we can expect energy prices to
         | continue rising.
         | 
         | I suspect this is already happening in places like Google and
         | paying significant dividends given the scale of code
         | replication.
        
       | elorant wrote:
       | I have a bunch of servers in an apartment I use as a secondary
       | office space. Monthly electricity cost increased by 230%. It's
       | like that since January. Hetzner's 10% seems too low, although
       | the increase is calculated on the total price of the server, so I
       | guess it could be sufficient. I won't be surprised if they
       | further increase their prices in the near future.
        
         | schroeding wrote:
         | I currently pay less per month to Hetzner for a rented
         | dedicated server (from the second hand "server auction"
         | section) than I would pay in electricity alone if I ran the
         | thing in my home. Yeah, electricity is quite expensive now in
         | Germany and Europe. ^^
        
           | jacooper wrote:
           | I think Germany has the most expensive electricity in the
           | world, and AFAIK that was 2021, so its even worse in 2022.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2022-08-11 23:01 UTC)