[HN Gopher] How do palm trees survive hurricanes? (2017)
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       How do palm trees survive hurricanes? (2017)
        
       Author : graderjs
       Score  : 123 points
       Date   : 2022-08-09 11:56 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.indefenseofplants.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.indefenseofplants.com)
        
       | WalterBright wrote:
       | Survivor bias. The ones that don't survive a hurricane don't grow
       | up.
        
         | whyenot wrote:
         | ...and don't reproduce, and don't pass on their genes to future
         | generations. Natural selection.
        
         | photochemsyn wrote:
         | Another phrase for 'survivor bias' is evolution under natural
         | selection.
        
           | OneLeggedCat wrote:
           | Yeah he's not really using the term "survivor bias" in the
           | way that statisticians do.
        
       | smm11 wrote:
       | I've got a palm on the border with my neighbor, and it's a tank.
       | 
       | And you might think dealing with tire-like leaves is a hassle,
       | until you've lived somewhere surrounded by Oak trees and a
       | neighborhood association that demands raking.
        
       | JustSomeNobody wrote:
       | Because they bend. During a storm they'll just go with the wind.
       | One of the sickest, saddest sounds during a storm is when a pine
       | or oak snaps. Oaks especially will creak and moan during a storm.
       | Right before the wet snap of it breaking it will sometimes
       | moan/creak loud as if it knows it's fate.
        
         | sophacles wrote:
         | I lived in a pretty old neighborhood for a while. The type of
         | neighborhood where the trees on the treebanks are over 100
         | years old, and have grown to be a full canopy over the road.
         | The branches of these trees are big enough to be trunks
         | themselves.
         | 
         | One day I was sitting out on the porch enjoying a nice evening
         | and I heard what I thought was a bunch of kids "squealing" and
         | then jumping into the pool. The only similar sound I'd ever
         | heard was at the end of "adult swim" breaks at the public pools
         | growing up. Turns out it was one of the giant trees dropping a
         | limb onto the road several blocks away - fortunately no one was
         | hurt but some parked cars were totaled.
         | 
         | It's very much one of those sounds you have to experience to
         | really grasp.
        
         | nkrisc wrote:
         | Surprisingly loud.
         | 
         | A tree next to my house snapped in half during some freak 90mph
         | (145km/h) gusts and it sounded like a small explosion, though
         | not as fast since it didn't all happen at once. But I really
         | though something had exploded until I noticed the tree out the
         | window was no longer quite as tall as it used to be. It was a
         | large, live tree too, but can't remember what kind it was. It
         | was on a lot next to my house that was undeveloped for _at
         | least_ 100 years, and farmland some time before that.
        
           | 0xbadcafebee wrote:
           | Was paddling down a river the other day and a giant oak fell.
           | Sounded like gunshots at first, then maybe fireworks, and by
           | that time I noticed what looked like a T-Rex moving around
           | among the trees, the tree finally came down on another tree
           | and fell into the water.
        
         | green-salt wrote:
         | I heard this after a ice storm then high winds. Creepy sound
         | when it creaks all the way into the crack sound.
        
       | Exness199507 wrote:
        
       | jihadjihad wrote:
       | Monocots are pretty cool. Growing up in the Midwest, I was
       | surrounded by corn, another monocot which is really just a tall
       | grass. I used to imagine that a giant walking through a
       | cornfield, tassels tickling his toes, wouldn't be all that
       | different from me walking around the back yard on grass that had
       | gone to seed.
        
         | graderjs wrote:
         | That's a cool imagining :) Nice image :)
        
       | bush-bby wrote:
       | When I was in elementary school in South Carolina, they would
       | teach us about fort Sumter and the beginning of the civil war.
       | They explained that the fort was built using palmettos because
       | when shot with a cannonball they would simply absorb the ball and
       | bounce it right back off.
        
       | js2 wrote:
       | A palm tree, speared by a piece of lumber during Hurricane
       | Andrew:
       | 
       | https://imgur.com/a/3f77mEa
       | 
       | I was in Miami for Andrew. My dad owned a one-hour photo lab.
       | After the storm, there were tons of insurance adjusters needing
       | their photos developed. My dad and I got his lab open the day
       | after Andrew and ran it on a portable generator for two weeks
       | till the power came back. This was one of the photos we printed
       | during that period. Fun times.
       | 
       | The palm trees did fine. Miami also has ficus trees planted all
       | over the place. Huge canopies. Huge root structures, but the
       | roots are very broad and shallow. In my neighborhood, every ficus
       | tree was toppled with its roots pulling up sidewalks and grass.
       | This is not from Andrew, but it looks like this:
       | 
       | https://cf-images.us-east-1.prod.boltdns.net/v1/static/56181...
       | 
       | It's hard to convey the destructiveness of Andrew to folks who
       | weren't there, but this gives some idea:
       | 
       | https://historycollection.com/31-images-hurricane-andrew-des...
       | 
       | Apparently that tree is a celebrity. I didn't realize there were
       | a bunch of picture of it on the Internet till now:
       | 
       | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=hurricane+andrew+palm+tree&ia=imag...
        
         | hansthehorse wrote:
         | My sister lived across from the zoo and evacuated for Andrew. I
         | went with her back the house after the storm and the
         | neighborhood looked like a disorganized lumber yard. Nothing
         | was standing.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | >It's hard to convey the destructiveness of Andrew to folks who
         | weren't there
         | 
         | I grew up with tornados, and know first hand their destructive
         | potential. However, hurricanes scare the shit out of me as not
         | only do you get the destructive winds, it's the flooding on top
         | of that pain that's just truly devastating.
        
           | spc476 wrote:
           | Hurricanes I can deal with (I live in South Florida). You get
           | days of notice so you can prepare the property (and/or get
           | out of the area). Tornados scare me more---they can just pop
           | up and if you are lucky, you may get a few minutes warning.
           | 
           | Perhaps it's just what you get used to growing up (never
           | experienced an earthquake, and they scare me more than
           | tornados).
        
             | importantbrian wrote:
             | I have lived in places where I've had to deal with both and
             | it's the long notice involved with hurricanes that make
             | them worse to me. Tornados are over and done with. There's
             | no prep and the area they cover is small so you're unlikely
             | to be directly effected by them. But with hurricanes
             | there's so much prep to do, shortages to deal with, etc.
             | and even if you don't take a direct hit there's often a ton
             | of clean up and dealing with long power outages, etc.
             | 
             | Tornados are in and out of your life in a blink. Hurricanes
             | you have to live with for weeks or months it feels like.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I love reading someone else's "comfort" with a tornado as
               | meh that I have. However, we do know a lot about them,
               | and can hear a warning, check out the location and then
               | decide if we need to go hide or not. Simple info like if
               | the danger zone is east of you, you're okay. If the
               | danger zone is southwest-ish of you, then start paying
               | closer attention. The fact that they can zoom in to the
               | doppler images and see the circulation, provide the
               | warning up to 15 mins in advance, see the debris to
               | determine if it is on the ground or not, etc is
               | absolutely fascinating and life saving abilities. Plus,
               | they can extrapolate the path and tell people by street
               | intersection that you're directly in the path. Hurricane
               | predictions are like "well, we've told you for 3+ days to
               | get the hell outta here in a wide swath of predicitions,
               | but you didn't so...good luck!" There's no it's already
               | passed us, so now we just hope to avoid the hail.
               | Hurricanes pass, then you have the potential of bonus
               | tornados, storm surge, and oh, the storm may just park
               | directly on top of you and drop 40" of rain over the next
               | couple of days.
               | 
               | Yeah, I'll take a good ol' spring thunderstorm any day.
        
           | User23 wrote:
           | The surprise aspect of tornadoes can be dangerous too,
           | especially at night. At least hurricanes are relatively
           | predictable.
        
           | importantbrian wrote:
           | I grew up in a place with tornados and now live in a place
           | with hurricanes. I'll take tornados over hurricanes any day.
           | Not because of any difference in destruction, but because of
           | the massive difference in inconvenience. With tornados, you
           | know there is a system moving through a day or two before.
           | There's no real prep to do. Once the storm gets to you you
           | hunker down for a few hours and assuming you don't get hit
           | you're done.
           | 
           | Hurricanes, especially the cape Verde ones, occupy you for
           | what feels like weeks. Irma became a hurricane on August
           | 31st. It didn't hit Florida until September 10th. And it felt
           | even longer than that. You have to start getting food and
           | water and fuel ready. You have to board up your house and
           | help your friends and family put up their shutters. Everyone
           | else is doing the same thing at the same time as you so there
           | are shortages. You leave work in the middle of the day
           | because your co-worker said they found bottled water at
           | Publix. After work, you sit in a line of cars down the block
           | to get gas. You have to make a decision about staying or
           | going. Then after the storm, even if you didn't get a direct
           | hit from the core of the storm, there is tons of cleanup. You
           | often are without power for a long time. My friends who are
           | from here speak nostalgically about hurricane parties. I
           | think they're crazy.
        
             | stemlord wrote:
             | I absolutely hated hurricanes growing up as a child (aside
             | from getting to miss school) but I once got to experience
             | the eye and it was incredible. The calmness feels extra
             | calm after days of storm.
        
         | echoradio wrote:
         | > Miami also has ficus trees planted all over the place.
         | 
         | Fun story. In 2005, South Florida took two direct hits: Katrina
         | in late August, Wilma in October.
         | 
         | During Katrina, a neighbor's massive ficus tree was toppled.
         | They were in the process of removing it and had only taken care
         | of the top when Wilma's impending arrival halted work. Wilma
         | put the tree upright.
         | 
         | Thankfully those storms were nuisances compared to Andrew. I
         | was north of where the eyewall hit, but seeing the aftermath
         | has stuck with me for life. It is hard to believe it has been
         | 30 years.
        
       | sergiotapia wrote:
       | Amen to deep roots.
       | 
       | I had to remove a tiny 5 inch diameter palm tree from my back
       | yard and it took me about 2 hours of heavy pickaxing and the
       | shoveling. And ultimately, I had to tie a rope on the tall end,
       | and have my wife lever it from the root with the pickaxe.
       | Extremely hard to remove these bastards.
        
         | daniel-cussen wrote:
         | They have to be strong because they're beautiful and people
         | want to uproot them.
         | 
         | You know people want to exploit these trees? In Chile you have
         | Chilean wine palms, men topple the tree and tap the root, get
         | the sap and sell it, it's like honey people put them on
         | bananas, it's a Chilean dish, using the sap, called miel de
         | palma. The wine of the wine palm. So they have to be strong.
         | These trees survived the 9.6 degree earthquake in 1960, and the
         | 8.8 degree earthquake in 2010. Moreso than hurricanes,
         | different palms, not as tall and skinny, though that kind, the
         | matchstick palms like in Los Angeles, they are present here
         | too, like in front of Universidad Catolica campus near Metro
         | Universidad Catolica (that's the name of the station,
         | Universidad Catolica on Linea 1, Line 1).
         | 
         | They're all beautiful. Those trees are currently surviving
         | urban warfare at that intersection, every Friday evening it's a
         | collective struggle on both the police and protester's sides.
         | So they have to be strong.
        
       | ethbr0 wrote:
       | As someone who recently moved to a part of the US with native
       | palms, a few discoveries that surprised me...
       | 
       | 1) Large palms are _tough_. As in, serious-work-to-pole-saw-
       | through tough. They may looks wispy in the wind, but all of those
       | components (leaves, fruit pods, fruit stalks, leaf shealths) are
       | beyond the strength of an average human to simply pull (tension)
       | apart.
       | 
       | 2) Once dried, palm parts are effectively made out of steel.
       | 
       | 3) Palms produce a _lot_ of debris. All summer long.
       | 
       | 4) Fully developed Queen palm seed stalks are _heavy_. Maybe 50
       | lbs?
       | 
       | 5) The Sears Tower is actually a 3x3 grid of individual towers,
       | connected in a way that allows for lateral motion. This mimics a
       | palm's trunk structure.
       | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willis_Tower#Planning_and_co...
        
         | TobTobXX wrote:
         | To save you the lookup: 50 lbs = ~22.5 kg
        
           | doubled112 wrote:
           | Is it just Canadians near the U.S. border that constantly
           | convert temperatures and weights on the fly?
           | 
           | I see replies and bots all over the Internet for this, but I
           | usually have it roughed out already.
        
             | daniel-cussen wrote:
             | Chilean-American here, absolutely. All the time. I still
             | can barely do fahrenheit, and I've come to prefer the
             | American system of feet and inches for human height.
        
               | tspike wrote:
               | A simple way to think of Fahrenheit is: 0 degrees is just
               | about the coldest a person can stand, and 100 is the
               | hottest.
        
             | elboru wrote:
             | Mexican near the border here, same.
        
           | SanderNL wrote:
           | How much is this in micro-Firkins?
        
             | saiya-jin wrote:
             | obviously Firkins / 1,000,000. Unless Firkins aren't in
             | sane decimal universe for grownups but one of those feet-
             | to-inches (or miles-to-yard, or feet to X) magical constant
             | ones
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | everyone knows Firkins are measured in 7-bits. The thing
               | I never can remember is if it is Big-Endian or Little-
               | Endian. things are either quite big or quite small if you
               | get the wrong endianess
        
         | post_break wrote:
         | 2. dried fallen palm leaves are extremely dangerous, they are
         | sharp as a knife. I was getting rid of some and it just touched
         | my arm, I now have a 4" scar where it looks like I was trying
         | to self harm.
         | 
         | 3. I don't think so, my bamboo or cotton wood trees make so
         | much more debris. At least with palms they are large debris and
         | can easily be tossed.
         | 
         | One thing people don't realize is how much of a pain it is to
         | cut leaves down. I have a chainsaw on a stick that works
         | wonders vs those terrible curved saw things.
        
           | dhosek wrote:
           | I had a Chinese Elm tree on my property back in the 90s.
           | Dropped little leaves 365 days a year that got _everywhere_.
           | I also had a palm tree. The big leaves that fell on occasion
           | were easy to deal with.
        
           | nonrandomstring wrote:
           | 4. Dried leaves are highly flammable.
           | 
           | Had to clear a big pile of dried mixed palm and cordyline
           | leaves, and decided to burn them. Big mistake. They're full
           | of oils. Be very careful with that. Annoyingly for the same
           | reason they don't really rot, so getting rid of them can be a
           | pain.
        
             | tomrod wrote:
             | Use them as roofing on a pergola? Mimic what lots of
             | equatorial cultures do.
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | Have a couple of palms near the back yard fence and yeah would
         | not want that debris to hit me on the head. From 10m high could
         | be a KO!
        
           | forinti wrote:
           | I don't get it why cities plant palms along streets: they
           | offer little or no shade and they drop enormous leaves that
           | can hurt people or damage cars.
        
             | irrational wrote:
             | I grew up in south Florida where all the streets were lined
             | with palm trees. I never heard of a person or car being
             | hurt/damaged by falling palm leaves. It has probably
             | happened, but must be exceedingly rare. Then again, I never
             | saw downed leaves along the roads or any city trucks doing
             | pick up, so now I wonder how and when they were picked up.
        
               | spookthesunset wrote:
               | Any time I visit areas with palm trees there seems to be
               | a small army of gardeners that maintain all but the
               | "wild" palm trees. Also pretty sure there is a cottage
               | industry of people who harvest the coconuts.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I've seen a few fronds down in Southern California (also
               | many palm trees there) - city maintenance picks them up I
               | presume, and if the trees are "maintained" they don't
               | actually drop many (because they get cut before they can
               | fall).
        
         | Kon-Peki wrote:
         | > The Sears Tower is actually a 3x3 grid of individual towers,
         | connected in a way that allows for lateral motion. This mimics
         | a palm's trunk structure.
         | 
         | If you are easily frightened, do not go up to the top on a
         | windy day. It sways in the wind like a palm tree (side-to-side
         | 10-15 feet, 3-4 meters). And the creaking noises! If you close
         | your eyes, it is easy to imagine that you are in a tall ship
         | 150 years ago.
        
       | DelaneyM wrote:
       | We have a dense line of palm trees protecting our shoreline on
       | our property (South Caribbean), and ours is the only house on a
       | long coast which hasn't lost metres of land to oceans over the
       | past decade. (Our neighbours have prioritised private beaches, I
       | like my farmland.) It's easily visible on Google Maps satellite
       | view, but I'm not sure I want to post a link to my house...
       | 
       | Because they're all that's holding the property together their
       | root systems are exposed on the seaward side, and they are
       | _massive_. I couldn't build a stronger retaining wall. I wish
       | this article shared some pictures of a palm root system, it's
       | really the most impressive part. Together with seagrape shrubs I
       | think I'm actually reclaiming a few inches a year. I also have
       | some great footage of palm trees bent over nearly 90deg in a
       | cat-3 from a few years back.
       | 
       | One thing not mentioned here is the risk under storms of
       | coconuts. In a tropical storm, palm trees become coconut
       | catapults when the trunks whip around at high speed and under
       | tension. We've lost multiple 1"-thick concrete roof tiles to
       | coconut strikes, as well smashing (but not breaching) a cat-3
       | hurricane door.
       | 
       | Here for the Caribbean content!
        
         | dopamean wrote:
         | How is your land going to hold up as the neighbors' is eaten
         | away?
        
           | DelaneyM wrote:
           | We're not going to lose our land from the edges, if that's
           | what you're asking. It's actually causing a bit of an issue
           | right now because our land has been retained while the beach
           | has disappeared, so it's no longer possible to walk the beach
           | except at lowest tide. slOne of my neighbors has requested
           | (with a legal letter) that we remove our trees and landscape
           | in a continuous beach.
        
             | MonkeyMalarky wrote:
             | How maddeningly shortsighted!
        
             | thorncorona wrote:
             | How does that work when they send a letter telling you how
             | to landscape your land?
        
               | DelaneyM wrote:
               | In this case I laugh to myself and ask my lawyers to
               | reply.
               | 
               | It's a bit more nuanced than I make it sound
               | (https://www.ogierproperty.ky/publications/public-access-
               | righ...), but it's hard to make the argument that I've
               | intentionally extended my property to block the beach
               | when the original property lines are maintained and the
               | trees doing the work are 20 years old.
               | 
               | Due to erosion of artificial beaches and our access laws,
               | my neighbors are actually losing a few feet of private
               | land every year. I'm just kicking back and literally
               | yelling at them to get off my backyard lawn.
               | 
               | I can't wait for their reaction when I get my chicken
               | coop...
        
               | lijogdfljk wrote:
               | > I can't wait for their reaction when I get my chicken
               | coop...
               | 
               | Those are my goals too :)
               | 
               | Hope yours goes well. I'm trying to buy land for privacy
               | trees and small farm. Hopefully, one day..
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | They're basically the trees from Seuss's _The King 's Stilts_.
        
         | markdown wrote:
         | Eventually even coconut trees don't help. I, along with
         | extended family, own a large coconut plantation in Fiji with
         | over 1km of beachfront. Wave erosion has been so bad that in
         | some places it's gone past the first row of trees so that
         | they're detached from the beach and stand alone out at sea at
         | high tide.
        
           | DelaneyM wrote:
           | Absolutely true. We have a reef about 200m offshore that's
           | doing the heavy lifting blocking waves for us, though it's at
           | risk to reef death (SCTLD - Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease).
        
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       (page generated 2022-08-09 23:01 UTC)